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Nishimura M, Tanaka T, Murata S, Miyabe A, Ishige T, Kawasaki K, Yokoyama M, Hashimoto N, Yamagata K, Nagano H, Tojo-Nishimura S, Matsushita K. Extension of bacterial rDNA sequencing for simultaneous methylation detection and its application in microflora analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5731. [PMID: 37029177 PMCID: PMC10082018 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28706-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and sequencing of the bacterial 16S rDNA region has numerous scientific applications, it does not provide DNA methylation information. Herein, we propose a simple extension for bisulfite sequencing to investigate 5-methylcytosine residues in the bacterial 16S rDNA region from clinical isolates or flora. Multiple displacement amplification without DNA denaturation was used to preferentially pre-amplify single-stranded bacterial DNA after bisulfite conversion. Following the pre-amplification, the 16S rDNA region was analyzed using nested bisulfite PCR and sequencing, enabling the simultaneous identification of DNA methylation status and sequence data. We used this approach (termed sm16S rDNA PCR/sequencing) to identify novel methylation sites and a methyltransferase (M. MmnI) in Morganella morganii and different methylation motifs among Enterococcus faecalis strains from small volumes of clinical specimens. Further, our analysis suggested that M. MmnI may be correlated to erythromycin resistance. Thus, sm16S rDNA PCR/sequencing is a useful extension method for analyzing the DNA methylation of 16S rDNA regions in a microflora, providing additional information not provided by conventional PCR. Given the relationship between DNA methylation status and drug resistance in bacteria, we believe this technique can be effectively applied in clinical sample testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoi Nishimura
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Genetics and Proteomics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Tomoaki Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Syota Murata
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Genetics and Proteomics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiko Miyabe
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Genetics and Proteomics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ishige
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Genetics and Proteomics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawasaki
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Genetics and Proteomics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masataka Yokoyama
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoko Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Yamagata
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Nagano
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satomi Tojo-Nishimura
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsushita
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Genetics and Proteomics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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Tsuchida S, Yamashita K, Murata S, Miyabe A, Satoh M, Matsushita K, Nakayama T, Nomura F, Umemura H. Evaluation of a novel sample preparation method for identifying Aspergillus fumigatus using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry: Combining Yatalase and silica beads treatment. J Microbiol Methods 2023; 207:106706. [PMID: 36925050 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2023.106706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Aspergillus spp. belong to filamentous fungi and sometimes cause invasive aspergillosis which has high mortality. Filamentous fungi are generally identified morphologically. However, morphologic identification is time consuming and requires advanced skills. It is difficult to train technicians and ensure a high level of quality. Therefore, an identification technique that is both accurate and relatively easy to learn is needed. In the present study, we focused on the effects of Yatalase and silica beads, which enable the efficient extraction of proteins via cell wall disruption of Aspergillus spp., and aimed to establish a novel sample preparation method using Yatalase and silica beads to enhance the efficiency of Aspergillus spp. identification with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The sample preparation method using the combination of Yatalase and silica beads showed higher accuracy for the identification of Aspergillus spp. compared with Yatalase or silica beads alone. The Yatalase/silica beads method also resulted in significantly higher identification scores compared with the conventional method for the identification of Aspergillus fumigatus (n = 33). These findings indicate that our novel Yatalase/silica beads method provides more reliable identification of A. fumigatus than does the conventional method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachio Tsuchida
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchikamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan; Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Koji Yamashita
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Division of Clinical Research, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Syota Murata
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Akiko Miyabe
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Mamoru Satoh
- Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsushita
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakayama
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchikamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Fumio Nomura
- Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Umemura
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchikamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan; Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
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Imaizumi Y, Ishige T, Fujikawa T, Miyabe A, Murata S, Kawasaki K, Nishimura M, Taniguchi T, Igari H, Matsushita K. Development of multiplex S-gene-targeted RT-PCR for rapid identification of SARS-CoV-2 variants by extended S-gene target failure. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 536:6-11. [PMID: 36113557 PMCID: PMC9472704 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) by genomic sequencing is time-consuming. The rapid screening of VOCs is necessary for clinical laboratories. In this study, we developed a rapid screening method based on multiplex RT-PCR by extended S-gene target failure (eSGTF), a false negative result caused by S-gene mutations. Methods Three S-gene target (SGT) regions (SGT1, codons 65–72; SGT2, codons 152–159; and SGT3, codons 370–377) and an N-gene region (for internal control) were detected in single-tube. Four types of VOC (Alpha, Delta, Omicron BA.1, and Omicron BA.2) are classified by positive/negative patterns of 3 S-gene regions (eSGTF pattern). Results The eSGTF patterns of VOCs were as follows (SGT1, SGT2, SGT3; P, positive; N, negative): Alpha, NPP; Delta, PNP; Omicron BA.1, NPN pattern; and Omicron BA.2, PPN. As compared with the S-gene sequencing, eSGTF patterns were identical to the specific VOCs (concordance rate = 96.7%, N = 206/213). Seven samples with discordant results had a minor mutation in the probe binding region. The epidemics of VOCs estimated by eSGTF patterns were similar to those in Japan. Conclusions Multiplex RT-PCR and eSGTF patterns enable high-throughput screening of VOCs. It will be useful for the rapid determination of VOCs in clinical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Imaizumi
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 2608677, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ishige
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 2608677, Japan.
| | - Tatsuki Fujikawa
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 2608677, Japan
| | - Akiko Miyabe
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 2608677, Japan
| | - Shota Murata
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 2608677, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawasaki
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 2608677, Japan
| | - Motoi Nishimura
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 2608677, Japan
| | - Toshibumi Taniguchi
- Department of Infectious Disease, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 2608677, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Igari
- Department of Infectious Disease, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 2608677, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsushita
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 2608677, Japan
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Matsubara M, Imaizumi Y, Fujikawa T, Ishige T, Nishimura M, Miyabe A, Murata S, Kawasaki K, Taniguchi T, Igari H, Matsushita K. Tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants by entire S-gene analysis using long-range RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 530:94-98. [PMID: 35304093 PMCID: PMC8923710 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Genomic surveillance of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is important to assess transmissibility, disease severity, and vaccine effectiveness. The SARS-CoV-2 genome consists of approximately 30 kb single-stranded RNA that is too large to analyze the whole genome by Sanger sequencing. Thus, in this study, we performed Sanger sequencing following long-range RT-PCR of the entire SARS-CoV-2 S-gene and analyzed the mutational dynamics. METHODS The 4 kb region, including the S-gene, was amplified by two-step long-range RT-PCR. Then, the entire S-gene sequence was determined by Sanger sequencing. The amino acid mutations were identified as compared with the reference SARS-CoV-2 genome. RESULTS The S:D614G mutation was found in all samples. The R.1 variants were detected after January 2021. Alpha variants started to emerge in April 2021. Delta variants replaced Alpha in July 2021. Then, Omicron variants were detected after December 2021. These mutational dynamics in samples collected in the Chiba University Hospital were similar to those in Japan. CONCLUSION The emergence of variants of concern (VOC) has been reported by the entire S-gene analysis. As the VOCs have unique mutational patterns of the S-gene region, analysis of the entire S-gene will be useful for molecular surveillance of the SARS-CoV-2 in clinical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirai Matsubara
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan
| | - Yuri Imaizumi
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Fujikawa
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ishige
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan,Corresponding author
| | - Motoi Nishimura
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan
| | - Akiko Miyabe
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan
| | - Shota Murata
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawasaki
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan
| | - Toshibumi Taniguchi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Igari
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsushita
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan
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Ishige T, Murata S, Taniguchi T, Miyabe A, Kitamura K, Kawasaki K, Nishimura M, Igari H, Matsushita K. Highly sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by multiplex rRT-PCR for molecular diagnosis of COVID-19 by clinical laboratories. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 507:139-142. [PMID: 32335089 PMCID: PMC7179514 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) is used to confirm the clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 by molecular diagnostic laboratories. We developed a multiplex rRT-PCR methodology for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. METHODS Three genes were used for multiplex rRT-PCR: the Sarbecovirus specific E gene, the SARS-CoV-2 specific N gene, and the human ABL1 gene as an internal control. RESULTS Good correlation of Cq values was observed between the simplex and multiplex rRT-PCR methodologies. Low copies (<25 copies/reaction) of SARS-CoV-2 RNA were detected by the novel multiplex rRT-PCR method. CONCLUSION The proposed multiplex rRT-PCR methodology will enable highly sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA, reducing reagent use and cost, and time required by clinical laboratory technicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Ishige
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan.
| | - Shota Murata
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan
| | - Toshibumi Taniguchi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan
| | - Akiko Miyabe
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan
| | - Kouichi Kitamura
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawasaki
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan
| | - Motoi Nishimura
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Igari
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsushita
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ward, Chiba-city, Chiba 266-8677, Japan
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Tsuchida S, Murata S, Miyabe A, Satoh M, Takiwaki M, Matsushita K, Nomura F. An in-house centrifugation and membrane filtration technique for identifying microorganisms from positive blood culture bottles with high identification rates using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-Time-of-flight mass spectrometry: A preliminary report. J Infect Chemother 2019; 26:266-271. [PMID: 31678054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2019.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is one of the most promising technologies for the identification of microbial pathogens directly from positive blood culture bottles. As blood culture bottle medium contains various nonbacterial proteins, including those derived from blood cells, pretreatment to effectively remove host cells is key for successful proteome-based identification of microorganisms. Although the Sepsityper® kit is the most widely used pretreatment protocol, its performance is not satisfactory, particularly for gram-positive isolates. We developed a new in-house protocol, the centrifugation and membrane filtration technique (CMFT), in which vacuum-filtration is coupled with differential centrifugation. We prospectively evaluated the performance of this novel method compared with that of the Sepsityper®. For gram-negative bacterial isolates, the species-level identification rates obtained with the CMFT and the Sepsityper® were comparable (98.8% vs 92.9%). By contrast, for gram-positive isolates, the performance of the CMFT was significantly better than that of the Sepsityper® (P < 0.05). Using our new protocol, 81 (95.3%) isolates were identified with a score >2.0, and 85 (100%) isolates were identified with a score >1.7, versus 46 (54.1%) and 69 (81.2%), respectively, for the Sepsityper®. These results are preliminary, but considering that this novel protocol provides notably high species-level identification rates for gram-positive isolates, it deserves assessment in a larger-scale study with a variety of platforms for MS-based identification of microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachio Tsuchida
- Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Syota Murata
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Akiko Miyabe
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Mamoru Satoh
- Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Masaki Takiwaki
- Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsushita
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan; Division of Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Fumio Nomura
- Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan; Division of Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
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Takeuchi N, Ohkusu M, Wada N, Kurosawa S, Miyabe A, Yamaguchi M, Nahm MH, Ishiwada N. Molecular typing, antibiotic susceptibility, and biofilm production in nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from children in Japan. J Infect Chemother 2019; 25:750-757. [PMID: 31235348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae (NESp) has increased with the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in children; however, the bacteriological characteristics of NESp have not been sufficiently clarified. In this study, NESp strains isolated from the nasopharyngeal carriage of children from four nursery schools in Japan were analyzed for molecular type, antibiotic susceptibility, and biofilm productivity. A total of 152 putative S. pneumoniae strains were identified by optochin-susceptibility analysis, of which 21 were not serotypeable by slide agglutination, quellung reaction, or multiplex PCR. Among these 21 strains, three were lytA-negative and, therefore, not S. pneumoniae. The remaining 18 strains were positive for lytA, ply, pspK, and bile solubility and were confirmed as NESp. Therefore, the isolation rate of NESp in the S. pneumoniae strains in this study was 12.0% (18/149). Molecular-typing analyses classified five strains as two existing sequence types (STs; ST7502 and ST7786), and 13 strains formed four novel STs. Horizontal spread was suspected, because strains with the same ST were often isolated from the same nursery school. The NESp isolates were generally susceptible to most antimicrobials, with the exception of macrolides; however, all isolates possessed more than one abnormal penicillin-binding protein gene. Furthermore, NESp strains were more effective than encapsulated counterparts at forming biofilms, which showed obvious differences in morphology. These data indicated that NESp strains should be continuously monitored as emerging respiratory pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Takeuchi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Misako Ohkusu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Satoko Kurosawa
- Kurosawa Children's and Internal Medicine Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Miyabe
- Division of Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Moon H Nahm
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Naruhiko Ishiwada
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Tsuchida S, Murata S, Miyabe A, Satoh M, Takiwaki M, Ashizawa K, Terada T, Ito D, Matsushita K, Nomura F. Application of the biocopolymer preparation system, rapid BACpro® II kit, for mass-spectrometry-based bacterial identification from positive blood culture bottles by the MALDI Biotyper system. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 152:86-91. [PMID: 30075236 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is increasingly used for identification of microorganisms from positive blood cultures. Pretreatments to effectively remove non-bacterial components and selectively collect microorganisms are a prerequisite for successful identification, and a variety of home-brew and commercial protocols have been reported. Although commercially available kits, mainly the Sepsityper Kit, are increasingly used, the identification rates reported often are not satisfactory, particularly for Gram-positive isolates. We recently developed a method to collect bacteria from positive blood culture bottles using a polyallylamine-polystyrene copolymer that has been used in wastewater processing. This pretreatment protocol is now commercially available as the rapid BACpro® II kit (Nittobo Medical Co., Tokyo, Japan). The operation time required for processing using this novel kit is approximately 10 min, and the entire procedure can be completed within a biosafety cabinet. Since the performance of the rapid BACpro® II kit has not been tested using the MALDI Biotyper system, we prospectively evaluated the performance of the rapid BACpro® II kit as compared with the Sepsityper® kit. Performance of the rapid BACpro® II kit was evaluated using a total of 193 monomicrobial cases of positive blood culture. Medium from blood culture bottles was pretreated by the rapid BACpro® II kit or the Sepsityper® Kit, and isolated cells were subjected to direct identification by MS fingerprinting in parallel with conventional subculturing for reference identification. The overall MALDI-TOF MS-based identification rates with >1.7 score and >2.0 score obtained using the rapid BACpro® II kit were 99.5% and 80.8%, respectively, whereas those obtained using the Sepsityper® Kit were 89.1% and 68.4%, respectively (P < 0.05 for >1.7 and P < 0.05 for >2.0 by Pearsons's chi-square). In Gram-positive cases, the rapid BACpro® II kit gave identification rate of 100% with >1.7 score and 69.4% with >2.0 score, whereas there were 84.7% and 56.8%, respectively by the Sepsityper® Kit (P < 0.05 for >1.7). These results are preliminary, but considering that this new kit is easy to perform and the identification rates are promising, the rapid BACpro® II kit deserves assessment in a larger-scale study with a variety of platforms for MS-based bacterial identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachio Tsuchida
- Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Syota Murata
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Akiko Miyabe
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Mamoru Satoh
- Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Masaki Takiwaki
- Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | | | | | - Daisuke Ito
- R&D Department, Nittobo Medical Co., Ltd, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsushita
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Division of Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Fumio Nomura
- Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Division of Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
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9
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Tsuchida S, Murata S, Miyabe A, Satoh M, Takiwaki M, Matsushita K, Nomura F. An improved in-house lysis-filtration protocol for bacterial identification from positive blood culture bottles with high identification rates by MALDI-TOF MS. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 148:40-45. [PMID: 29608928 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is now a well-established method for identification of microorganisms from positive blood cultures. Pretreatments to effectively remove non-bacterial proteins are a prerequisite for successful identification, and a variety of protocols have been reported. Although commercially available kits, mainly the Sepsityper Kit, are increasingly used, the identification rates reported often are not satisfactory, particularly for Gram-positive isolates. We developed a new, in-house lysis-filtration protocol and prospectively evaluated its performance compared to the Sepsityper kit. The in-house protocol consists of three simple steps: lysis by ammonium chloride, aspiration with a syringe fitted with a 0.45-μm membrane, and centrifugation to collect microbes. The novel protocol requires only 20 min. Performance of the in-house protocol was evaluated using a total of 117 monomicrobial cases of positive blood culture. Medium from blood culture bottles was pretreated by the in-house protocol or the commercial kit, and isolated cells were subjected to direct identification by mass spectrometry fingerprinting in parallel with conventional subculturing for reference identification. The overall MALDI-TOF MS-based identification rates with score > 1.7 and > 2.0 obtained using the in-house protocol were 99.2% and 85.5%, respectively, whereas those obtained using the Sepsityper Kit were 85.4% and 61.5%, respectively. For Gram-positive cases, the in-house protocol yielded scores >1.7 and > 2.0 at 98.5% and 76.1%, respectively, whereas the commercial kit yielded these scores at 76.1% and 43.3%, respectively. Although these are preliminary results, these values suggest that this easy lysis-filtration protocol deserves assessment in a larger-scale test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachio Tsuchida
- Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Syota Murata
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiko Miyabe
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mamoru Satoh
- Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masaki Takiwaki
- Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsushita
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Division of Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Fumio Nomura
- Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Division of Clinical Genetics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
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10
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Sogawa K, Watanabe M, Sato K, Segawa S, Miyabe A, Murata S, Saito T, Nomura F. Rapid identification of microorganisms by mass spectrometry: improved performance by incorporation of in-house spectral data into a commercial database. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 403:1811-22. [PMID: 22200929 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5656-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Revised: 12/11/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is increasingly used as a microbial diagnostic method for species identification of pathogens. However, MALDI-TOF identification of bacteria at the species level remains unsatisfactory, with the major problem being an incomplete database that still needs refinement and expansion. Augmentation of the original MALDI BioTyper 2.0 (Bruker) database by incorporating mass spectra obtained in-house from clinical isolates may increase the identification rate at the species level. We conducted a prospective study to assess whether the augmented database can improve the performance of MALDI-TOF MS for routine identification of species. Cluster analyses revealed distinct differences in MS spectral profiles of clinical isolates obtained in our hospital and those of ATCC strains in the Bruker database. In the first part of the study, which was performed over 3 weeks, 259 bacterial isolates were subjected to analysis by MALDI-TOF MS, and MS spectra of 229 successfully identified isolates (49 species) were incorporated into the original database to give the augmented Bruker-Chiba database. In a second separate analysis, the concordance of identification of 498 clinical isolates of the 49 species with conventional methods was 87.1% (434/498) with the commercial Bruker database and 98.0% (488/498) using the Bruker-Chiba database. These results indicate that refinement of a commercial database can be achieved relatively easy and effectively by incorporating MS spectra of clinical isolates obtained in a clinical laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Sogawa
- Clinical Proteomics Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba City, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
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11
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Sogawa K, Watanabe M, Sato K, Segawa S, Ishii C, Miyabe A, Murata S, Saito T, Nomura F. Use of the MALDI BioTyper system with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for rapid identification of microorganisms. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 400:1905-11. [PMID: 21442367 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-4877-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Revised: 03/03/2011] [Accepted: 03/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In a clinical diagnosis microbiology laboratory, the current method of identifying bacterial isolates is based mainly on phenotypic characteristics, for example growth pattern on different media, colony morphology, Gram stain, and various biochemical reactions. These techniques collectively enable great accuracy in identifying most bacterial isolates, but are costly and time-consuming. In our clinical microbiology laboratory, we prospectively assessed the ability of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to identify bacterial strains that were routinely isolated from clinical samples. Bacterial colonies obtained from a total of 468 strains of 92 bacterial species isolated at the Department of Clinical Laboratory at Chiba University were directly placed on target MALDI plates followed by addition of CHCA matrix solution. The plates were then subjected to MALDI-TOF MS measurement and the microorganisms were identified by pattern matching with the libraries in the BioTyper 2.0 software. Identification success at the species and genus levels was 91.7% (429/468) and 97.0% (454/468), respectively. MALDI-TOF MS is a rapid, simple, and high-throughput proteomic technique for identification of a variety of bacterial species. Because colony-to-colony differences and effects of culture duration on the results are minimal, it can be implemented in a conventional laboratory setting. Although for some pathogens, preanalytical processes should be refined, and the current database should be improved to obtain more accurate results, the MALDI-TOF MS based method performs, in general, as well as conventional methods and is a promising technology in clinical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Sogawa
- Clinical Proteomics Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
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