1
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Escobar-Peso A, Martínez-Alonso E, Hadjipavlou-Litina D, Alcázar A, Marco-Contelles J. Synthesis, antioxidant and neuroprotective analysis of diversely functionalized α-aryl-N-alkyl nitrones as potential agents for ischemic stroke therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 266:116133. [PMID: 38218126 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis, antioxidant and biological evaluation of 32 monosubstituted α-arylnitrones derived from α-phenyl-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN) in the search for neuroprotective compounds for ischemic stroke therapy, trying to elucidate the structural patterns responsible for their neuroprotective activity. Not surprisingly, the N-tert-butyl moiety plays beneficious role in comparison to other differently N-substituted nitrone groups. It seems that electron donor substituents at the ortho position and electron withdrawing substituents at the meta position of the aryl ring induce good neuroprotective activity. As a result, (Z)-N-tert-butyl-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)methanimine oxide (21a) and (Z)-N-tert-butyl-1-(2-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)phenyl)methanimine oxide (24a) showed a significant increase in neuronal viability in an experimental ischemia model in primary neuronal cultures, and induced neuroprotection and improved neurodeficit score in an in vivo model of transient cerebral ischemia. These results showed that nitrones 21a and 24a are new effective small and readily available antioxidants, and suitable candidates for further structure optimization in the search for new phenyl-derived nitrones for the treatment of ischemic stroke and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Escobar-Peso
- Department of Research, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain; Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), 28006, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Emma Martínez-Alonso
- Department of Research, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dimitra Hadjipavlou-Litina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alberto Alcázar
- Department of Research, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain.
| | - José Marco-Contelles
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), 28006, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), CIBER, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Escobar-Peso A, Martínez-Alonso E, Masjuan J, Alcázar A. Development of Pharmacological Strategies with Therapeutic Potential in Ischemic Stroke. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2102. [PMID: 38136221 PMCID: PMC10740896 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke constitutes a health challenge with great social impact due to its high incidence, with the social dependency that it generates being an important source of inequality. The lack of treatments serving as effective neuroprotective therapies beyond thrombolysis and thrombectomy is presented as a need. With this goal in mind, our research group's collaborative studies into cerebral ischemia and subsequent reperfusion concluded that there is a need to develop compounds with antioxidant and radical scavenger features. In this review, we summarize the path taken toward the identification of lead compounds as potential candidates for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. Evaluations of the antioxidant capacity, neuroprotection of primary neuronal cultures and in vivo experimental models of cerebral ischemia, including neurological deficit score assessments, are conducted to characterize the biological efficacy of the various neuroprotective compounds developed. Moreover, the initial results in preclinical development, including dose-response studies, the therapeutic window, the long-term neuroprotective effect and in vivo antioxidant evaluation, are reported. The results prompt these compounds for clinical trials and are encouraging regarding new drug developments aimed at a successful therapy for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Escobar-Peso
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Emma Martínez-Alonso
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jaime Masjuan
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Alberto Alcázar
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
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3
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Bernal-Rubio L, Martínez-Alonso E, Fernández-Lozano C, Sola-Martínez FJ, Martínez-Botas J, Alcázar A, de la Hoz-Caballer B. Identification of alpha-L-fucosidase protein as the possible responsible of cardamom food allergy. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2023:0. [PMID: 37938150 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Bernal-Rubio
- Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
- University Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Martínez-Alonso
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
- Proteomics Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Fernández-Lozano
- University Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Biochemistry-Research Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - F J Sola-Martínez
- Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Martínez-Botas
- Biochemistry-Research Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Alcázar
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
- Proteomics Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - B de la Hoz-Caballer
- Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
- University Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Thematic Network and Co-operative Research Centres, ARADyAL, Spain
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4
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Muñoz-Hisado V, Ruiz-Blas F, Sobrado JM, Garcia-Lopez E, Martinez-Alonso E, Alcázar A, Cid C. Bacterial molecular machinery in the Martian cryosphere conditions. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1176582. [PMID: 37840745 PMCID: PMC10569478 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1176582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The exploration of Mars is one of the main objectives of space missions since the red planet is considered to be, or was in the past, potentially habitable. Although the surface of Mars is now dry and arid, abundant research suggests that water covered Mars billions of years ago. Recently, the existence of liquid water in subglacial lakes has been postulated below the South pole of Mars. Until now, experiments have been carried out on the survival of microorganisms in Martian surface conditions, but it remains unknown how their adaptation mechanisms would be in the Martian cryosphere. In this work, two bacterial species (Bacillus subtilis and Curtobacterium flacumfaciens) were subjected to a simulated Martian environment during 24 h using a planetary chamber. Afterward, the molecular machinery of both species was studied to investigate how they had been modified. Proteomes, the entire set of proteins expressed by each bacterium under Earth (named standard) conditions and Martian conditions, were compared using proteomic techniques. To establish this evaluation, both the expression levels of each protein, and the variation in their distribution within the different functional categories were considered. The results showed that these bacterial species followed a different strategy. The Bacillus subtilis resistance approach consisted of improving its stress response, membrane bioenergetics, degradation of biomolecules; and to a lesser extent, increasing its mobility and the formation of biofilms or resistance endospores. On the contrary, enduring strategy of Curtobacterium flacumfaciens comprised of strengthening the cell envelope, trying to protect cells from the extracellular environment. These results are especially important due to their implications for planetary protection, missions to Mars and sample return since contamination by microorganisms would invalidate the results of these investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fátima Ruiz-Blas
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section Geomicrobiology, Telegrafenberg, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | | | - Emma Martinez-Alonso
- Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Alcázar
- Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Cid
- Centro de Astrobiologia (CAB), CSIC-INTA, Madrid, Spain
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5
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Martínez-Alonso E, Escobar-Peso A, Guerra-Pérez N, Roca M, Masjuan J, Alcázar A. Dihydropyrimidinase-Related Protein 2 Is a New Partner in the Binding between 4E-BP2 and eIF4E Related to Neuronal Death after Cerebral Ischemia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098246. [PMID: 37175950 PMCID: PMC10179276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient cerebral ischemia induces neuronal degeneration, followed in time by secondary delayed neuronal death that is strongly correlated with a permanent inhibition of protein synthesis in vulnerable brain regions, while protein translational rates are recovered in resistant areas. In the translation-regulation initiation step, the eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E is a key player regulated by its association with eIF4E-binding proteins (4E-BPs), mostly 4E-BP2 in brain tissue. In a previous work, we identified dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 2 (DRP2) as a 4E-BP2-interacting protein. Here, using a proteomic approach in a model of transient cerebral ischemia, a detailed study of DRP2 was performed in order to address the challenge of translation restoration in vulnerable regions. In this report, several DRP2 isoforms that have a specific interaction with both 4E-BP2 and eIF4E were identified, showing significant and opposite differences in this association, and being differentially detected in resistant and vulnerable regions in response to ischemia reperfusion. Our results provide the first evidence of DRP2 isoforms as potential regulators of the 4E-BP2-eIF4E association that would have consequences in the delayed neuronal death under ischemic-reperfusion stress. The new knowledge reported here identifies DRP2 as a new target to promote neuronal survival after cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Martínez-Alonso
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Proteomics Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Escobar-Peso
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Guerra-Pérez
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcel Roca
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Masjuan
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Alberto Alcázar
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Proteomics Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
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6
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Carpio-Escalona LV, Fernández-Lozano C, Peracho L, Martínez-Alonso E, Rita CG, Martínez-Botas J, Alcázar A, de la Hoz Caballer B. Two New Allergens in Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Allergy. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2023; 33:59-61. [PMID: 35234643 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L V Carpio-Escalona
- Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.,University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Institute for Biomedical Investigation (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - C Fernández-Lozano
- University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Institute for Biomedical Investigation (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Biochemistry-Research Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal Madrid, Spain
| | - L Peracho
- Ramón y Cajal Institute for Biomedical Investigation (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal Madrid, Spain.,Proteomics Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal Madrid, Spain
| | - E Martínez-Alonso
- Ramón y Cajal Institute for Biomedical Investigation (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal Madrid, Spain.,Proteomics Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal Madrid, Spain
| | - C G Rita
- Ramón y Cajal Institute for Biomedical Investigation (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal Madrid, Spain
| | - J Martínez-Botas
- Ramón y Cajal Institute for Biomedical Investigation (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Biochemistry-Research Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal Madrid, Spain.,CIBER of Obesity and Nutrition Pathophysiology (CIBEROBN), Spain
| | - A Alcázar
- Ramón y Cajal Institute for Biomedical Investigation (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal Madrid, Spain.,Proteomics Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal Madrid, Spain
| | - B de la Hoz Caballer
- Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Institute for Biomedical Investigation (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Thematic Network and Co-operative Research Centres, ARADyAL, Spain
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7
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Ruiz-Blas F, Muñoz-Hisado V, Garcia-Lopez E, Moreno A, Bartolomé M, Leunda M, Martinez-Alonso E, Alcázar A, Cid C. The hidden microbial ecosystem in the perennial ice from a Pyrenean ice cave. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1110091. [PMID: 36778858 PMCID: PMC9909108 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1110091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last years, perennial ice deposits located within caves have awakened interest as places to study microbial communities since they represent unique cryospheric archives of climate change. Since the beginning of the twentieth century, the temperature has gradually increased, and it is estimated that by the end of this century the increase in average temperature could be around 4.0°C. In this context of global warming the ice deposits of the Pyrenean caves are undergoing a significant regression. Among this type of caves, that on the Cotiella Massif in the Southern Pyrenees is one of the southernmost studied in Europe. These types of caves house microbial communities which have so far been barely explored, and therefore their study is necessary. In this work, the microbial communities of the Pyrenean ice cave A294 were identified using metabarcoding techniques. In addition, research work was carried out to analyze how the age and composition of the ice affect the composition of the bacterial and microeukaryotic populations. Finally, the in vivo effect of climate change on the cellular machinery that allow microorganisms to live with increasing temperatures has been studied using proteomic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Ruiz-Blas
- Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA, Madrid, Spain
- Section Geomicrobiology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | | | - Ana Moreno
- Departamento de Procesos Geoambientales y Cambio Global, Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología - CSIC, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Miguel Bartolomé
- Departamento de Procesos Geoambientales y Cambio Global, Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología - CSIC, Zaragoza, Spain
- Institut für Geologie und Mineralogie, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - Maria Leunda
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Emma Martinez-Alonso
- Department of Investigation, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Alcázar
- Department of Investigation, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Cid
- Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA, Madrid, Spain
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8
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Alonso JM, Escobar-Peso A, Fernández I, Alcázar A, Marco-Contelles J. Improving the Efficacy of Quinolylnitrones for Ischemic Stroke Therapy, QN4 and QN15 as New Neuroprotective Agents after Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation-Induced Neuronal Injury. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1363. [PMID: 36355534 PMCID: PMC9697404 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In our search for new neuroprotective agents for stroke therapy to improve the pharmacological profile of the compound quinolylnitrone QN23, we have prepared and studied sixteen new, related and easily available quinolylnitrones. As a result, we have identified compounds QN4 and QN15 as promising candidates showing high neuroprotection power in a cellular experimental model of ischemia. Even though they were found to be less active than our current lead compound QN23, QN4 and QN15 provide an improved potency and, particularly for QN4, an expanded range of tolerability and improved solubility compared to the parent compound. A computational DFT-based analysis has been carried out to understand the antioxidant power of quinolylnitrones QN23, QN4 and QN15. Altogether, these results show that subtle, simple modifications of the quinolylnitrone scaffold are tolerated, providing high neuroprotective activity and optimization of the pharmacological potency required for an improved design and future drug developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. Alonso
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (IQOG, CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Escobar-Peso
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Ctra. Colmenar km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Alcázar
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Ctra. Colmenar km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Marco-Contelles
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (IQOG, CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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9
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Fernández-Serra R, Martínez-Alonso E, Alcázar A, Chioua M, Marco-Contelles J, Martínez-Murillo R, Ramos M, Guinea GV, González-Nieto D. Postischemic Neuroprotection of Aminoethoxydiphenyl Borate Associates Shortening of Peri-Infarct Depolarizations. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137449. [PMID: 35806455 PMCID: PMC9266990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain stroke is a highly prevalent pathology and a main cause of disability among older adults. If not promptly treated with recanalization therapies, primary and secondary mechanisms of injury contribute to an increase in the lesion, enhancing neurological deficits. Targeting excitotoxicity and oxidative stress are very promising approaches, but only a few compounds have reached the clinic with relatively good positive outcomes. The exploration of novel targets might overcome the lack of clinical translation of previous efficient preclinical neuroprotective treatments. In this study, we examined the neuroprotective properties of 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB), a molecule that interferes with intracellular calcium dynamics by the antagonization of several channels and receptors. In a permanent model of cerebral ischemia, we showed that 2-APB reduces the extent of the damage and preserves the functionality of the cortical territory, as evaluated by somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs). While in this permanent ischemia model, the neuroprotective effect exerted by the antioxidant scavenger cholesteronitrone F2 was associated with a reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and better neuronal survival in the penumbra, 2-APB did not modify the inflammatory response or decrease the content of ROS and was mostly associated with a shortening of peri-infarct depolarizations, which translated into better cerebral blood perfusion in the penumbra. Our study highlights the potential of 2-APB to target spreading depolarization events and their associated inverse hemodynamic changes, which mainly contribute to extension of the area of lesion in cerebrovascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Fernández-Serra
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (R.F.-S.); (M.R.); (G.V.G.)
- Departamento de Tecnología Fotónica y Bioingeniería, ETSI Telecomunicaciones, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencia de Materiales, ETSI Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Silk Biomed SL, 28260 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma Martínez-Alonso
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.-A.); (A.A.)
| | - Alberto Alcázar
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.-A.); (A.A.)
| | - Mourad Chioua
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.); (J.M.-C.)
| | - José Marco-Contelles
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.); (J.M.-C.)
| | | | - Milagros Ramos
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (R.F.-S.); (M.R.); (G.V.G.)
- Departamento de Tecnología Fotónica y Bioingeniería, ETSI Telecomunicaciones, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gustavo V. Guinea
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (R.F.-S.); (M.R.); (G.V.G.)
- Departamento de Ciencia de Materiales, ETSI Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Silk Biomed SL, 28260 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel González-Nieto
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (R.F.-S.); (M.R.); (G.V.G.)
- Departamento de Tecnología Fotónica y Bioingeniería, ETSI Telecomunicaciones, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Silk Biomed SL, 28260 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-910679280
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10
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Martínez-Alonso E, Guerra-Pérez N, Escobar-Peso A, Regidor I, Masjuan J, Alcázar A. Differential Association of 4E-BP2-Interacting Proteins Is Related to Selective Delayed Neuronal Death after Ischemia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910327. [PMID: 34638676 PMCID: PMC8509075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia induces an inhibition of protein synthesis and causes cell death and neuronal deficits. These deleterious effects do not occur in resilient areas of the brain, where protein synthesis is restored. In cellular stress conditions, as brain ischemia, translational repressors named eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E-binding proteins (4E-BPs) specifically bind to eIF4E and are critical in the translational control. We previously described that 4E-BP2 protein, highly expressed in brain, can be a molecular target for the control of cell death or survival in the reperfusion after ischemia in an animal model of transient cerebral ischemia. Since these previous studies showed that phosphorylation would not be the regulation that controls the binding of 4E-BP2 to eIF4E under ischemic stress, we decided to investigate the differential detection of 4E-BP2-interacting proteins in two brain regions with different vulnerability to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) in this animal model, to discover new potential 4E-BP2 modulators and biomarkers of cerebral ischemia. For this purpose, 4E-BP2 immunoprecipitates from the resistant cortical region and the vulnerable hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) region were analyzed by two-dimensional (2-D) fluorescence difference in gel electrophoresis (DIGE), and after a biological variation analysis, 4E-BP2-interacting proteins were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Interestingly, among the 4E-BP2-interacting proteins identified, heat shock 70 kDa protein-8 (HSC70), dihydropyrimidinase-related protein-2 (DRP2), enolase-1, ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme-L1 (UCHL1), adenylate kinase isoenzyme-1 (ADK1), nucleoside diphosphate kinase-A (NDKA), and Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor-1 (Rho-GDI), were of notable interest, showing significant differences in their association with 4E-BP2 between resistant and vulnerable regions to ischemic stress. Our data contributes to the first characterization of the 4E-BP2 interactome, increasing the knowledge in the molecular basis of the protection and vulnerability of the ischemic regions and opens the way to detect new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for diagnosis and treatment of cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Martínez-Alonso
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Ctra. Colmenar km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.-A.); (N.G.-P.); (A.E.-P.)
- Proteomics Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Ctra. Colmenar km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Guerra-Pérez
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Ctra. Colmenar km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.-A.); (N.G.-P.); (A.E.-P.)
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Escobar-Peso
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Ctra. Colmenar km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.-A.); (N.G.-P.); (A.E.-P.)
| | - Ignacio Regidor
- Department of Neurophysiology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Ctra. Colmenar km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jaime Masjuan
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Ctra. Colmenar km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Neurology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Alberto Alcázar
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Ctra. Colmenar km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (E.M.-A.); (N.G.-P.); (A.E.-P.)
- Proteomics Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Ctra. Colmenar km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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11
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Alonso JM, Escobar-Peso A, Palomino-Antolín A, Diez-Iriepa D, Chioua M, Martínez-Alonso E, Iriepa I, Egea J, Alcázar A, Marco-Contelles J. Privileged Quinolylnitrones for the Combined Therapy of Ischemic Stroke and Alzheimer's Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14090861. [PMID: 34577561 PMCID: PMC8465398 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebrovascular diseases such as ischemic stroke are known to exacerbate dementia caused by neurodegenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Besides, the increasing number of patients surviving stroke makes it necessary to treat the co-occurrence of these two diseases with a single and combined therapy. For the development of new dual therapeutic agents, eight hybrid quinolylnitrones have been designed and synthesized by the juxtaposition of selected pharmacophores from our most advanced lead-compounds for ischemic stroke and AD treatment. Biological analyses looking for efficient neuroprotective effects in suitable phenotypic assays led us to identify MC903 as a new small quinolylnitrone for the potential dual therapy of stroke and AD, showing strong neuroprotection on (i) primary cortical neurons under oxygen–glucose deprivation/normoglycemic reoxygenation as an experimental ischemia model; (ii), neuronal line cells treated with rotenone/oligomycin A, okadaic acid or β-amyloid peptide Aβ25–35, modeling toxic insults found among the effects of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. Alonso
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (IQOG, CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.A.); (D.D.-I.); (M.C.)
| | - Alejandro Escobar-Peso
- Department of Research, IRYCIS, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Ctra. Colmenar Km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (A.E.-P.); (E.M.-A.)
| | - Alejandra Palomino-Antolín
- Molecular Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Plasticity Research Laboratory, Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, 28009 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Daniel Diez-Iriepa
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (IQOG, CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.A.); (D.D.-I.); (M.C.)
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
| | - Mourad Chioua
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (IQOG, CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.A.); (D.D.-I.); (M.C.)
| | - Emma Martínez-Alonso
- Department of Research, IRYCIS, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Ctra. Colmenar Km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (A.E.-P.); (E.M.-A.)
| | - Isabel Iriepa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km 33.6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
- Institute of Chemical Research Andrés M. del Río, Alcalá University, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Javier Egea
- Molecular Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Plasticity Research Laboratory, Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, 28009 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (J.E.); (A.A.); (J.M.-C.)
| | - Alberto Alcázar
- Department of Research, IRYCIS, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Ctra. Colmenar Km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (A.E.-P.); (E.M.-A.)
- Correspondence: (J.E.); (A.A.); (J.M.-C.)
| | - José Marco-Contelles
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (IQOG, CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.A.); (D.D.-I.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: (J.E.); (A.A.); (J.M.-C.)
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12
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Carrón-Herrero A, Fernández-Lozano C, Peracho L, Martínez-Alonso E, Alcázar A, Martínez-Botas J, de-La-Hoz-Caballer B, González-de-Olano D. Custard Apple Allergy with Glycosyltransferase as the Allergen Involved. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2021; 32:73-74. [PMID: 34045178 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Carrón-Herrero
- Allergology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Fernández-Lozano
- Biochemistry-Research Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Peracho
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Martínez-Alonso
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain.,Proteomics Unit. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Alcázar
- Department of Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Martínez-Botas
- Department of Biochemistry, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal-IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER of Obesity and Nutrition Pathophysiology (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - B de-La-Hoz-Caballer
- Allergology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Thematic Network and Co-operative Research Centres, ARADyAL, Spain
| | - D González-de-Olano
- Allergology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Thematic Network and Co-operative Research Centres, ARADyAL, Spain
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13
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Chioua M, Salgado-Ramos M, Diez-Iriepa D, Escobar-Peso A, Iriepa I, Hadjipavlou-Litina D, Martínez-Alonso E, Alcázar A, Marco-Contelles J. Novel Quinolylnitrones Combining Neuroprotective and Antioxidant Properties. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:2703-2706. [PMID: 30943011 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe here the preparation, neuroprotective analysis, and antioxidant capacity of 11 novel quinolylnitrones (QN). The neuroprotective analysis of QN1-11 in an oxygen-glucose deprivation model, in primary neuronal cultures, has been determined, allowing us to identify QN6 as a very potent neuroprotective agent, showing significant high value at 0.5 and 10 μM (86.2%), a result in good agreement with the observed strong hydroxyl radical scavenger of QN6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mourad Chioua
- Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Manuel Salgado-Ramos
- Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain
- Department of Investigation, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Daniel Diez-Iriepa
- Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Alejandro Escobar-Peso
- Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain
- Department of Investigation, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Isabel Iriepa
- School of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares 28871, Spain
| | - Dimitra Hadjipavlou-Litina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Emma Martínez-Alonso
- Department of Investigation, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Alberto Alcázar
- Department of Investigation, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - José Marco-Contelles
- Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain
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14
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Oses M, Cubillos-del Toro L, Alcázar A, Herranz A. Longus colli tendinitis: an unusual stroke mimic. Neurología (English Edition) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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15
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Oses M, Cubillos-del Toro L, Alcázar A, Herranz A. Tendinitis del tendón largo del cuello: un imitador inusual del ictus isquémico. Neurologia 2019; 34:134-135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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16
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Chioua M, Martínez-Alonso E, Gonzalo-Gobernado R, Ayuso MI, Escobar-Peso A, Infantes L, Hadjipavlou-Litina D, Montoya JJ, Montaner J, Alcázar A, Marco-Contelles J. New Quinolylnitrones for Stroke Therapy: Antioxidant and Neuroprotective ( Z)- N- tert-Butyl-1-(2-chloro-6-methoxyquinolin-3-yl)methanimine Oxide as a New Lead-Compound for Ischemic Stroke Treatment. J Med Chem 2019; 62:2184-2201. [PMID: 30715875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe herein the synthesis and neuroprotective capacity of an array of 31 compounds comprising quinolyloximes, quinolylhydrazones, quinolylimines, QNs, and related heterocyclic azolylnitrones. Neuronal cultures subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), as experimental model for ischemic conditions, were treated with our molecules at the onset of recovery period after OGD and showed that most of these QNs, but not the azo molecules, improved neuronal viability 24 h after recovery. Especially, QN ( Z)- N-tert-butyl-1-(2-chloro-6-methoxyquinolin-3-yl)methanimine oxide (23) was shown as a very potent neuroprotective agent. Antioxidant analysis based on the ability of QN 23 to trap different types of toxic radical oxygenated species supported and confirmed its strong neuroprotective capacity. Finally, QN 23 showed also neuroprotection induction in two in vivo models of cerebral ischemia, decreasing neuronal death and reducing infarct size, allowing us to conclude that QN 23 can be considered as new lead-compound for ischemic stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mourad Chioua
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry , IQOG, CSIC , C/Juan de la Cierva 3 , Madrid 28006 , Spain
| | - Emma Martínez-Alonso
- Department of Investigation , IRYCIS, Hospital Ramón y Cajal , Ctra. Colmenar km 9.1 , Madrid 28034 , Spain
| | - Rafael Gonzalo-Gobernado
- Neurovascular Research Group , Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío , Av. Manuel Siurot s/n , Seville 41013 , Spain
| | - Maria I Ayuso
- Neurovascular Research Group , Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío , Av. Manuel Siurot s/n , Seville 41013 , Spain
| | - Alejandro Escobar-Peso
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry , IQOG, CSIC , C/Juan de la Cierva 3 , Madrid 28006 , Spain.,Department of Investigation , IRYCIS, Hospital Ramón y Cajal , Ctra. Colmenar km 9.1 , Madrid 28034 , Spain
| | - Lourdes Infantes
- Institute of Physical-Chemistry Rocasolano, CSIC , C/Serrano 119 , Madrid 28006 , Spain
| | - Dimitra Hadjipavlou-Litina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki 54124 , Greece
| | - Juan J Montoya
- Isquaemia Biotech SL , Scientific Technological Park, C/Astrónoma Cecilia Payne s/n , Córdoba 14014 , Spain
| | - Joan Montaner
- Neurovascular Research Group , Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío , Av. Manuel Siurot s/n , Seville 41013 , Spain.,Department of Neurology , Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena , Av. Doctor Fedriani 3 , Seville 41007 , Spain
| | - Alberto Alcázar
- Department of Investigation , IRYCIS, Hospital Ramón y Cajal , Ctra. Colmenar km 9.1 , Madrid 28034 , Spain
| | - José Marco-Contelles
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry , IQOG, CSIC , C/Juan de la Cierva 3 , Madrid 28006 , Spain
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17
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Pastor Ó, Guzmán-Lafuente P, Serna J, Muñoz-Hernández M, López Neyra A, García-Rozas P, García-Seisdedos D, Alcázar A, Lasunción MA, Busto R, Lamas Ferreiro A. A comprehensive evaluation of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in cystic fibrosis patients using lipidomics. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 63:197-205. [PMID: 30414540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The evaluation of the benefits of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in humans requires the identification and characterization of suitable biomarkers of its incorporation in the body. The reference method for the evaluation of omega-3, gas chromatography, is difficult to apply in clinical practice because of its low throughput and does not provide information about the incorporation of specific fatty acids in lipid species and the potential effects of supplementation on lipid classes. We used a quantitative lipidomic approach to follow the incorporation of omega-3 fatty acids into plasma lipids in cystic fibrosis patients (n=50) from a randomized controlled clinical trial after the supplementation of seaweed oil enriched with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Lipidomic analysis accurately showed the distribution of fatty acids in different lipid classes after omega-3 supplementation, and the performance in determining the compliance to supplementation was similar to that of gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Twelve months after fatty acid supplementation, DHA was predominantly incorporated into highly unsaturated cholesteryl esters (110.9±16.2 vs. 278.6±32.6 μM, mean±S.E.M.) and phosphatidylcholine (142.4±11.9 vs. 272.9±21.4 μM) and, to a lesser extent, into phosphatidylethanolamine (9.4±0.8 vs. 15.5±1.5 μM) and triglycerides (0.4±0.04 vs. 1.1±0.12 μM). In addition, a technique was developed for the fast measurement of the DHA/arachidonic acid ratio to simplify the follow-up of nutritional intervention with DHA-enriched foods. We conclude that lipidomics is a suitable approach for monitoring the incorporation of omega-3 fatty acids in nutritional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar Pastor
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Unidad de Cuantificación y Caracterización Molecular, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Spain; CIBER de Fisiología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), ISCIII, Spain.
| | - Paula Guzmán-Lafuente
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Unidad de Cuantificación y Caracterización Molecular, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Spain
| | - Jorge Serna
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Unidad de Cuantificación y Caracterización Molecular, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Spain
| | - Marta Muñoz-Hernández
- Servicio de Pediatría, Unidad de Fibrósis Quística, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Spain
| | - Alejandro López Neyra
- Servicio de Pediatría, Unidad de Fibrósis Quística, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Spain
| | | | - David García-Seisdedos
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Unidad de Cuantificación y Caracterización Molecular, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Spain
| | - Alberto Alcázar
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Spain
| | - Miguel A Lasunción
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Spain
| | - Rebeca Busto
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Spain
| | - Adelaida Lamas Ferreiro
- Servicio de Pediatría, Unidad de Fibrósis Quística, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Spain
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18
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Ayuso MI, Martínez-Alonso E, Chioua M, Escobar-Peso A, Gonzalo-Gobernado R, Montaner J, Marco-Contelles J, Alcázar A. Quinolinyl Nitrone RP19 Induces Neuroprotection after Transient Brain Ischemia. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:2202-2213. [PMID: 28731692 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need to develop additional effective therapies for ischemic stroke. Nitrones, which were first developed as reactive oxygen species (ROS)-trapping compounds, have been proposed as neuroprotective agents for ischemic stroke, a ROS-related disorder. The previous reported ROS-trapping compound, quinolyl nitrone RP19, is here being assayed to induce neuroprotection to ischemia-reperfusion injury in three experimental ischemia models: (i) oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) on primary neuronal cultures; (ii) transient global cerebral ischemia in four-vessel occlusion model; and (iii) transient focal cerebral ischemia in middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model. RP19 (50 μM) induced long-term neuroprotection at 5 days of recovery after OGD in primary neuronal cultures, evaluated by cell viability assay, and decreased both ROS formation and lipid peroxidation upon recovery after OGD. Furthermore, treatment of animals with RP19 at the onset of reperfusion after either global or focal ischemia, at the dose range that was demonstrated to be neuroprotective in neuronal cultures, decreased neuronal death and apoptosis induction, reduced the size of infarct, and improved the neurological deficit scores after 48 h or 5 days of reperfusion after ischemia. The molecule proposed, quinolyl nitrone RP19, induced substantial neuroprotection on experimental ischemia in neuronal cells, and against ischemic injury following transient brain ischemia in treated animals. This molecule may have potential therapeutic interest in ischemic stroke and to reduce the reoxygenation-induced injury after induced reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I. Ayuso
- Department of Investigation, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Institut
de Recerca Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08035, Spain
- Neurovascular
Research Group, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Emma Martínez-Alonso
- Department of Investigation, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Mourad Chioua
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Alejandro Escobar-Peso
- Department of Investigation, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Rafael Gonzalo-Gobernado
- Neurovascular
Research Group, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Joan Montaner
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Institut
de Recerca Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08035, Spain
- Neurovascular
Research Group, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - José Marco-Contelles
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Alberto Alcázar
- Department of Investigation, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
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19
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Romero A, Ramos E, Patiño P, Oset-Gasque MJ, López-Muñoz F, Marco-Contelles J, Ayuso MI, Alcázar A. Corrigendum: Melatonin and Nitrones As Potential Therapeutic Agents for Stroke. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:159. [PMID: 28572769 PMCID: PMC5447320 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Romero
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of MadridMadrid, Spain
| | - Eva Ramos
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of MadridMadrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Patiño
- Paediatric Unit, La Paz University HospitalMadrid, Spain
| | - Maria J Oset-Gasque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad UniversitariaMadrid, Spain
| | - Francisco López-Muñoz
- Faculty of Health, Camilo José Cela UniversityMadrid, Spain.,Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, "Hospital 12 de Octubre" Research InstituteMadrid, Spain
| | - José Marco-Contelles
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC)Madrid, Spain
| | - María I Ayuso
- Neurovascular Research Group, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Virgen del RocíoSevilla, Spain
| | - Alberto Alcázar
- Department of Investigation, IRYCIS, Hospital Ramón y CajalMadrid, Spain
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Escobar-Peso A, Chioua M, Frezza V, Martínez-Alonso E, Marco-Contelles J, Alcázar A. Nitrones, Old Fellows for New Therapies in Ischemic Stroke. Springer Series in Translational Stroke Research 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45345-3_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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21
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Romero A, Ramos E, Patiño P, Oset-Gasque MJ, López-Muñoz F, Marco-Contelles J, Ayuso MI, Alcázar A. Melatonin and Nitrones As Potential Therapeutic Agents for Stroke. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 8:281. [PMID: 27932976 PMCID: PMC5120103 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a disease of aging affecting millions of people worldwide, and recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (r-tPA) is the only treatment approved. However, r-tPA has a low therapeutic window and secondary effects which limit its beneficial outcome, urging thus the search for new more efficient therapies. Among them, neuroprotection based on melatonin or nitrones, as free radical traps, have arisen as drug candidates due to their strong antioxidant power. In this Perspective article, an update on the specific results of the melatonin and several new nitrones are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Romero
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Ramos
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Patiño
- Paediatric Unit, La Paz University Hospital Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria J Oset-Gasque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco López-Muñoz
- Faculty of Health, Camilo José Cela UniversityMadrid, Spain; Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, "Hospital 12 de Octubre" Research InstituteMadrid, Spain
| | - José Marco-Contelles
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC) Madrid, Spain
| | - María I Ayuso
- Neurovascular Research Group, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Alberto Alcázar
- Department of Investigation, IRYCIS, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Ayuso MI, Martínez-Alonso E, Regidor I, Alcázar A. Stress Granule Induction after Brain Ischemia Is Independent of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor (eIF) 2α Phosphorylation and Is Correlated with a Decrease in eIF4B and eIF4E Proteins. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:27252-27264. [PMID: 27836976 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.738989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) are cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein aggregates that are directly connected with the translation initiation arrest response to cellular stresses. Translation inhibition (TI) is observed in transient brain ischemia, a condition that induces persistent TI even after reperfusion, i.e. when blood flow is restored, and causes delayed neuronal death (DND) in selective vulnerable regions. We previously described a connection between TI and DND in the hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) in an animal model of transient brain ischemia. To link the formation of SGs to TI and DND after brain ischemia, we investigated SG induction in brain regions with differential vulnerabilities to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) in this animal model. SG formation is triggered by both eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF) 2α phosphorylation and eIF4F complex dysfunction. We analyzed SGs by immunofluorescence colocalization of granule-associated protein T-cell internal antigen-1 with eIF3b, eIF4E, and ribosomal protein S6 and studied eIF2 and eIF4F complex. The results showed that IR stress induced SG formation in the CA1 region after 3-day reperfusion, consistent with TI and DND in CA1. SGs were formed independently of eIF2α phosphorylation, and their appearance was correlated with a decrease in the levels of eIF4F compounds, the cap-binding protein eIF4E, and eIF4B, suggesting that remodeling of the eIF4F complex was required for SG formation. Finally, pharmacological protection of CA1 ischemic neurons with cycloheximide decreased the formation of SGs and restored eIF4E and eIF4B levels in CA1. These findings link changes in eIF4B and eIF4E to SG induction in regions vulnerable to death after IR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ignacio Regidor
- Neurophysiology, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, E-28034 Madrid, Spain
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23
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Palacios-Morillo A, Jurado J, Alcázar A, Pablos F. Differentiation of Spanish paprika from Protected Designation of Origin based on color measurements and pattern recognition. Food Control 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Ayuso MI, Chioua M, Martínez-Alonso E, Soriano E, Montaner J, Masjuán J, Hadjipavlou-Litina DJ, Marco-Contelles J, Alcázar A. CholesteroNitrones for Stroke. J Med Chem 2015; 58:6704-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria I. Ayuso
- Department
of Investigation, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Mourad Chioua
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Juan
de la Cierva 3, Madrid 29006, Spain
| | - Emma Martínez-Alonso
- Department
of Investigation, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Elena Soriano
- SEPCO, Institute of Organic Chemistry General (CSIC), Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Joan Montaner
- Institut
de Recerca Vall d’Hebron, Universidad Autònoma de Barcelona and Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Jaime Masjuán
- Department
of Neurology, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Dimitra J. Hadjipavlou-Litina
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - José Marco-Contelles
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Juan
de la Cierva 3, Madrid 29006, Spain
| | - Alberto Alcázar
- Department
of Investigation, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid 28034, Spain
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25
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Serna J, García-Seisdedos D, Alcázar A, Lasunción MÁ, Busto R, Pastor Ó. Quantitative lipidomic analysis of plasma and plasma lipoproteins using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Chem Phys Lipids 2015; 189:7-18. [PMID: 26004846 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of the plasma lipid composition is essential to clarify the specific roles of different lipid species in various pathophysiological processes. In this study, we developed an analytical strategy combining high-performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection (HPLC-ELSD) and off-line coupling with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) to determine the composition of plasma and major lipoproteins at two levels, lipid classes and lipid species. We confirmed the suitability of MALDI-TOF/MS as a quantitative measurement tool studying the linearity and repeatability for triglycerides (TG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC). Moreover, data obtained with this method were correlated with other lipid classes and species measurements using currently available technologies. To establish the potential utility of our approach, human plasma very low density- (VLDL), low density- (LDL) and high density- (HDL) lipoproteins from 10 healthy donors were separated using ultracentrifugation, and compositions of nine lipid classes, cholesteryl esters (CE), TG, free cholesterol (FC), PE, phosphatidylinositol (PI), sulfatides (S), PC, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and sphingomyelin (SM), analyzed. In total, 157 lipid species in plasma, 182 in LDL, 171 in HDL, and 148 in VLDL were quantified. The lipidomic profile was consistent with known differences in lipid classes, but also revealed unexpected differences in lipid species distribution of lipoproteins, particularly for LPC and SM. In summary, the methodology developed in this study constitutes a valid approach to determine the lipidomic composition of plasma and lipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Serna
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - David García-Seisdedos
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Alcázar
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Lasunción
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Fisiología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), ISCIII, Spain
| | - Rebeca Busto
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Fisiología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), ISCIII, Spain
| | - Óscar Pastor
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
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García-Descalzo L, García-López E, Alcázar A, Baquero F, Cid C. Proteomic analysis of the adaptation to warming in the Antarctic bacteria Shewanella frigidimarina. Biochim Biophys Acta 2014; 1844:2229-40. [PMID: 25149826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Antarctica is subjected to extremely variable conditions, but the importance of the temperature increase in cold adapted bacteria is still unknown. To study the molecular adaptation to warming of Antarctic bacteria, cultures of Shewanella frigidimarina were incubated at temperatures ranging from 0°C to 30°C, emulating the most extreme conditions that this strain could tolerate. A proteomic approach was developed to identify the soluble proteins obtained from cells growing at 4°C, 20°C and 28°C. The most drastic effect when bacteria were grown at 28°C was the accumulation of heat shock proteins as well as other proteins related to stress, redox homeostasis or protein synthesis and degradation, and the decrease of enzymes and components of the cell envelope. Furthermore, two main responses in the adaptation to warm temperature were detected: the presence of diverse isoforms in some differentially expressed proteins, and the composition of chaperone interaction networks at the limits of growth temperature. The abundance changes of proteins suggest that warming induces a stress situation in S. frigidimarina forcing cells to reorganize their molecular networks as an adaptive response to these environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva García-López
- Centro de Astrobiologia (CSIC-INTA), 28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Spain
| | - Alberto Alcázar
- Department of Investigation, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Baquero
- Centro de Astrobiologia (CSIC-INTA), 28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Spain; Department of Microbiology, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Cid
- Centro de Astrobiologia (CSIC-INTA), 28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Spain.
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27
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Hernández-Jiménez M, Sacristán S, Morales C, García-Villanueva M, García-Fernández E, Alcázar A, González VM, Martín ME. Apoptosis-related proteins are potential markers of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) injury. Neurosci Lett 2014; 558:143-8. [PMID: 24269372 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) causes high mortality and long-term morbidity rates. The magnitude of the neuronal damage depends on the duration and severity of the initial insult combined with the deleterious effects of reperfusion and apoptosis. Currently, a diagnosis of HIE is based largely on the neurological and histological findings. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify apoptosis-related proteins that might serve as potential markers of HIE injury. As an initial step toward reaching this objective, we analyzed changes in protein levels in an in vitro model of hypoxia using antibody arrays, and we have identified changes in the expression level of two proteins involved in apoptosis, Smac-DIABLO and cathepsin D. We obtained brain sections from eight neonatal HIE patients and performed histological staining, TUNEL assays and Smac-DIABLO and cathepsin D immunolocalization. Our results revealed a high number of TUNEL-positive cells, including neurons, astrocytes and ependymal cells, in the various regions that were analyzed. Interestingly, many of the areas that were positive for TUNEL staining did not appear to be damaged in the histological evaluation. In addition, using immunostaining, we found that Smac-DIABLO and cathepsin D had the same regional distribution pattern. Taken together, these findings indicate that these two proteins could serve as markers to identify injured regions that might not to be detectable using histological observations alone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Sacristán
- Servicio de Neurobiología-Investigación, Hospital Ramón y Cajal-IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Morales
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Alberto Alcázar
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Ramón y Cajal-IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor M González
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Ramón y Cajal-IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Elena Martín
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Ramón y Cajal-IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
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28
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Ayuso MI, Martínez-Alonso E, Cid C, Alonso de Leciñana M, Alcázar A. The translational repressor eIF4E-binding protein 2 (4E-BP2) correlates with selective delayed neuronal death after ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2013; 33:1173-81. [PMID: 23591646 PMCID: PMC3734765 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Transient brain ischemia induces an inhibition of translational rates and causes delayed neuronal death in selective regions and cognitive deficits, whereas these effects do not occur in resistant areas. The translational repressor eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E-binding protein-2 (4E-BP2) specifically binds to eIF4E and is critical in the control of protein synthesis. To link neuronal death to translation inhibition, we study the eIF4E association with 4E-BP2 under ischemia reperfusion in a rat model of transient forebrain ischemia. Upon reperfusion, a selective neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) region was induced, while it did not occur in the cerebral cortex. Confocal microscopy analysis showed a decrease in 4E-BP2/eIF4E colocalization in resistant cortical neurons after reperfusion. In contrast, in vulnerable CA1 neurons, 4E-BP2 remains associated to eIF4E with a higher degree of 4E-BP2/eIF4E colocalization and translation inhibition. Furthermore, the binding of a 4E-BP2 peptide to eIF4E induced neuronal apoptosis in the CA1 region. Finally, pharmacological-induced protection of CA1 neurons inhibited neuronal apoptosis, decreased 4E-BP2/eIF4E association, and recovered translation. These findings documented specific changes in 4E-BP2/eIF4E association during ischemic reperfusion, linking the translation inhibition to selective neuronal death, and identifying 4E-BP2 as a novel target for protection of vulnerable neurons in ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Irene Ayuso
- Department of Investigation, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
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29
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Hernández-Jiménez M, Ayuso MI, Pérez-Morgado MI, García-Recio EM, Alcázar A, Martín ME, González VM. eIF4F complex disruption causes protein synthesis inhibition during hypoxia in nerve growth factor (NGF)-differentiated PC12 cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 2012; 1823:430-8. [PMID: 22178387 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2011.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 11/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Poor oxygenation (hypoxia) influences important physiological and pathological situations, including development, ischemia, stroke and cancer. Hypoxia induces protein synthesis inhibition that is primarily regulated at the level of initiation step. This regulation generally takes place at two stages, the phosphorylation of the subunit α of the eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 2 and the inhibition of the eIF4F complex availability by dephosphorylation of the inhibitory protein 4E-BP1 (eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1). The contribution of each of them is mainly dependent of the extent of the oxygen deprivation. We have evaluated the regulation of hypoxia-induced translation inhibition in nerve growth factor (NGF)-differentiated PC12 cells subjected to a low oxygen concentration (0.1%) at several times. Our findings indicate that protein synthesis inhibition occurs primarily by the disruption of eIF4F complex through 4E-BP1 dephosphorylation, which is produced by the inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity via the activation of REDD1 (regulated in development and DNA damage 1) protein in a hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1)-dependent manner, as well as the translocation of eIF4E to the nucleus. In addition, this mechanism is reinforced by the increase in 4E-BP1 levels, mainly at prolonged times of hypoxia.
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30
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Chioua M, Sucunza D, Soriano E, Hadjipavlou-Litina D, Alcázar A, Ayuso I, Oset-Gasque MJ, González MP, Monjas L, Rodríguez-Franco MI, Marco-Contelles J, Samadi A. Α-aryl-N-alkyl nitrones, as potential agents for stroke treatment: synthesis, theoretical calculations, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and brain-blood barrier permeability properties. J Med Chem 2011; 55:153-68. [PMID: 22126405 DOI: 10.1021/jm201105a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis, theoretical calculations, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties, and the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) of (Z)-α-aryl and heteroaryl-N-alkyl nitrones as potential agents for stroke treatment. The majority of nitrones compete with DMSO for hydroxyl radicals, and most of them are potent lipoxygenase inhibitors. Cell viability-related (MTT assay) studies clearly showed that nitrones 1-3 and 10 give rise to significant neuroprotection. When compounds 1-11 were tested for necrotic cell death (LDH release test) nitrones 1-3, 6, 7, and 9 proved to be neuroprotective agents. In vitro evaluation of the BBB penetration of selected nitrones 1, 2, 10, and 11 using the PAMPA-BBB assay showed that all of them cross the BBB. Permeable quinoline nitrones 2 and 3 show potent combined antioxidant and neuroprotective properties and, therefore, can be considered as new lead compounds for further development in specific tests for potential stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mourad Chioua
- Laboratorio de Radicales Libres y Química Computacional, Instituto de Química Orgánica General (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006-Madrid, Spain
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31
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Ayuso MI, Hernández-Jiménez M, Martín ME, Salinas M, Alcázar A. New hierarchical phosphorylation pathway of the translational repressor eIF4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) in ischemia-reperfusion stress. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:34355-63. [PMID: 20736160 PMCID: PMC2966049 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.135103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) is a translational repressor that is characterized by its capacity to bind specifically to eIF4E and inhibit its interaction with eIF4G. Phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 regulates eIF4E availability, and therefore, cap-dependent translation, in cell stress. This study reports a physiological study of 4E-BP1 regulation by phosphorylation using control conditions and a stress-induced translational repression condition, ischemia-reperfusion (IR) stress, in brain tissue. In control conditions, 4E-BP1 was found in four phosphorylation states that were detected by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and Western blotting, which corresponded to Thr69-phosphorylated alone, Thr69- and Thr36/Thr45-phosphorylated, all these plus Ser64 phosphorylation, and dephosphorylation of the sites analyzed. In control or IR conditions, no Thr36/Thr45 phosphorylation alone was detected without Thr69 phosphorylation, and neither was Ser64 phosphorylation without Thr36/Thr45/Thr69 phosphorylation detected. Ischemic stress induced 4E-BP1 dephosphorylation at Thr69, Thr36/Thr45, and Ser64 residues, with 4E-BP1 remaining phosphorylated at Thr69 alone or dephosphorylated. In the subsequent reperfusion, 4E-BP1 phosphorylation was induced at Thr36/Thr45 and Ser64, in addition to Thr69. Changes in 4E-BP1 phosphorylation after IR were according to those found for Akt and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinases. These results demonstrate a new hierarchical phosphorylation for 4E-BP1 regulation in which Thr69 is phosphorylated first followed by Thr36/Thr45 phosphorylation, and Ser64 is phosphorylated last. Thr69 phosphorylation alone allows binding to eIF4E, and subsequent Thr36/Thr45 phosphorylation was sufficient to dissociate 4E-BP1 from eIF4E, which led to eIF4E-4G interaction. These data help to elucidate the physiological role of 4E-BP1 phosphorylation in controlling protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- María I Ayuso
- Department of Investigation, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
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32
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Jurado JM, Ballesteros O, Alcázar A, Pablos F, Martín MJ, Vilchez JL, Navalón A. Differentiation of certified brands of origins of Spanish white wines by HS-SPME-GC and chemometrics. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 390:961-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1740-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2007] [Revised: 10/25/2007] [Accepted: 11/06/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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García-Bonilla L, Cid C, Alcázar A, Burda J, Ayuso I, Salinas M. Regulatory proteins of eukaryotic initiation factor 2-alpha subunit (eIF2 alpha) phosphatase, under ischemic reperfusion and tolerance. J Neurochem 2007; 103:1368-80. [PMID: 17760864 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04844.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2alpha), which is one of the substrates of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), occurs rapidly during the first minutes of post-ischemic reperfusion after an episode of cerebral ischemia. In the present work, two experimental models of transient global ischemia and ischemic tolerance (IT) were used to study PP1 interacting/regulatory proteins following ischemic reperfusion. For that purpose we utilized PP1 purified by microcystin chromatography, as well as 2D DIGE of PP1alpha and PP1gamma immunoprecipitates. The highest levels of phosphorylated eIF2alpha found after 30 min reperfusion in rats without IT, correlated with increased levels in PP1 immunoprecipitates of the inhibitor DARPP32 as well as GRP78 and HSC70 proteins. After 4 h reperfusion, the levels of these proteins in PP1c complexes had returned to control values, in parallel to a significant decrease in eIF2alpha phosphorylated levels. IT that promoted a decrease in eIF2alpha phosphorylated levels after 30 min reperfusion induced the association of GADD34 with PP1c, while prevented that of DARPP32, GRP78, and HSC70. Different levels of HSC70 and DARPP32 associated with PP1alpha and PP1gamma isoforms, whereas GRP78 was only detected in PP1gamma immunoprecipitates. Here we suggest that PP1, through different signaling complexes with their interacting proteins, may modulate the eIF2alpha phosphorylation/dephosphorylation during reperfusion after a transient global ischemia in the rat brain. Of particular interest is the potential role of GADD34/PP1c complexes after tolerance acquisition.
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34
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Alcázar A, Ballesteros O, Jurado JM, Pablos F, Martín MJ, Vilches JL, Navalón A. Differentiation of green, white, black, Oolong, and Pu-erh teas according to their free amino acids content. J Agric Food Chem 2007; 55:5960-5. [PMID: 17595106 DOI: 10.1021/jf070601a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the differentiation of green, black, Oolong, white, and Pu-erh teas has been carried out according to their free amino acid contents. Alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, isoleucine, histidine, leucine, phenylalanine, serine, theanine, threonine, and tyrosine have been determined by liquid chromatography with derivatization with o-phthalaldehyde and fluorescence detection. The chromatographic separation was achieved with a Hypersil ODS column and gradient elution. The amino acid contents were used as chemometric descriptors for classification purposes of different tea varieties. Principal component analysis, k-nearest neighbors, linear discriminant analysis, and artificial neural networks were applied to differentiate tea varieties. Using back-propagation multilayer perceptron artificial neural networks, 100% success in the classification was obtained. The most differentiating amino acids were glutamic acid, asparagine, serine, alanine, leucine, and isoleucine.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Alcázar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, c/Profesor García GonzAlez, 1, E-41012 Seville, Spain
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Jurado JM, Ballesteros O, Alcázar A, Pablos F, Martín MJ, Vílchez JL, Navalón A. Characterization of aniseed-flavoured spirit drinks by headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and chemometrics. Talanta 2007; 72:506-11. [PMID: 19071647 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2006.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2006] [Revised: 10/25/2006] [Accepted: 11/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J M Jurado
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sevilla, C/Profesor García González, 1, E-41012 Sevilla, Spain
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Cid C, García-Villanueva M, Salinas M, Alcázar A. Erratum to “Detection of anti-heat shock protein 90 β (Hsp90β) antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid” [Journal of Immunological Methods, volume 318, issues 1–2, 10 January 2007, pages 153–157]. J Immunol Methods 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2007.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Cid C, Regidor I, Alcázar A. Anti-heat shock protein 90β antibodies are detected in patients with multiple sclerosis during remission. J Neuroimmunol 2007; 184:223-6. [PMID: 17161872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2006.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2006] [Revised: 10/19/2006] [Accepted: 11/02/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies against heat shock protein 90beta (Hsp90beta) recognize the antigen on the surface of oligodendrocyte precursor cells and induce a decrease in the oligodendrocyte population of cell cultures. This study investigated the presence of anti-Hsp90beta antibodies in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) during remission. Anti-Hsp90beta antibodies were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with a specific and sensitive western blot procedure using Hsp90beta from cell membrane fraction. The number of patients with anti-Hsp90beta antibodies detected in the CSF was significantly greater in MS patients than in control patients with other neurological diseases, which included patients with other inflammatory neurological diseases. CSF anti-Hsp90beta antibody levels were significantly higher in MS patients than in control patients. The presence of anti-Hsp90beta antibodies in the CSF of MS patients during remission could suggest a potential pathogenic role for these autoantibodies in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cid
- Department of Investigation, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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Rivera J, Abrams C, Hernáez B, Alcázar A, Escribano JM, Dixon L, Alonso C. The MyD116 African swine fever virus homologue interacts with the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 1 and activates its phosphatase activity. J Virol 2007; 81:2923-9. [PMID: 17215279 PMCID: PMC1865990 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02077-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The DP71L protein of African swine fever virus (ASFV) shares sequence similarity with the herpes simplex virus ICP34.5 protein over a C-terminal domain. We showed that the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) interacts specifically with the ASFV DP71L protein in a yeast two-hybrid screen. The chimeric full-length DP71L protein, from ASFV strain Badajoz 71 (BA71V), fused to glutathione S-transferase (DP71L-GST) was expressed in Escherichia coli and shown to bind specifically to the PP1-alpha catalytic subunit expressed as a histidine fusion protein (6xHis-PP1alpha) in E. coli. The functional effects of this interaction were investigated by measuring the levels of PP1 and PP2A in ASFV-infected Vero cells. This showed that infection with wild-type ASFV strain BA71V activated PP1 between two- and threefold over that of mock-infected cells. This activation did not occur in cells infected with the BA71V isolate in which the DP71L gene had been deleted, suggesting that expression of DP71L leads to PP1 activation. In contrast, no effect was observed on the activity of PP2A following ASFV infection. We showed that infection of cells with wild-type BA71V virus resulted in decreased phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF-2alpha). ICP34.5 recruits PP1 to dephosphorylate the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translational initiation factor 2 (also known as eIF-2alpha); possibly the ASFV DP71L protein has a similar function.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Rivera
- Departamento de Biotecnología, INIA, Ctra. La Coruña km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Cid C, García-Villanueva M, Salinas M, Alcázar A. Detection of anti-heat shock protein 90 beta (Hsp90beta) antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid. J Immunol Methods 2006; 318:153-7. [PMID: 17112536 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2006.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2006] [Revised: 09/20/2006] [Accepted: 09/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies against heat shock protein 90 beta (Hsp90beta) recognize the antigen on the cell surface of the oligodendrocyte precursor cells and cause a decrease of oligodendrocyte population in cell cultures. These antibodies have been found in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). This report describes an original and sensitive method to detect anti-Hsp90beta antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using a western blot procedure. We have developed the method for autoantibody detection using Hsp90beta from cell membrane fraction instead of commercial Hsp90beta as antigen. The presence of anti-Hsp90beta antibodies in CSF of MS patients may play a pathogenic role in MS, and a large-scale study is needed to establish a possible diagnostic value of these antibodies in MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cid
- Department of Investigation, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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Cid C, Alvarez-Cermeño JC, Salinas M, Alcázar A. Anti-heat shock protein 90β antibodies decrease pre-oligodendrocyte population in perinatal and adult cell cultures. Implications for remyelination in multiple sclerosis. J Neurochem 2005; 95:349-60. [PMID: 16135098 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03371.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Lesions in the CNS of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) often fail to remyelinate, resulting in neurological dysfunction. A key factor seems to be the inefficiency of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). We recently reported antibodies against heat shock protein 90beta (Hsp90beta) in MS patients that recognized the antigen on the OPC surface. This study investigates the mechanism and result of anti-Hsp90beta antibody attack. These antibodies induced OPC death in culture in a complement-dependent fashion. Anti-Hsp90beta antibody-induced, complement-mediated OPC death only operated in these cells and caused a significant reduction in the number of O4-positive pro-oligodendrocytes (pre-oligodendrocytes). Adult cultured OPCs also expressed Hsp90beta on their cell surface and were attacked by anti-Hsp90beta antibodies leading to a significant decrease in the pre-oligodendrocyte population. In the presence of low levels of anti-Hsp90beta antibody--i.e. in the range seen in the CSF of MS patients--the complement concentration was critical to reduce the pre-oligodendrocyte population (via attack to OPCs). Higher concentrations of anti-Hsp90beta antibodies and complement became extinct the pre-oligodendrocytes. Complement 1-esterase inhibitor prevented these effects in the pre-oligodendrocyte population. These findings demonstrate, for the first time in vitro, a feasible mechanism to decrease the production of new oligodendrocytes, thus limiting the possibility of remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cid
- Depto. Investigacion, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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Jurado J, Alcázar A, Pablos F, Martı́n M, González A. Determination of Zn, B, Fe, Mg, Ca, Na and Si in anisette samples by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Talanta 2004; 63:297-302. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2003.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2003] [Revised: 10/21/2003] [Accepted: 10/31/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Campo R, Brullet E, Junquera F, Puig-Diví V, Vergara M, Calvet X, Marco J, Chuecos M, Sánchez A, Alcázar A, Ruiz M, Puig M, Real J. Sedación en la endoscopia digestiva. Resultados de una encuesta hospitalaria en Cataluña. Gastroenterología y Hepatología 2004; 27:503-7. [PMID: 15544734 DOI: 10.1016/s0210-5705(03)70516-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The need for sedation is increasing in digestive endoscopy units (DEU). There are no data on the use of sedation in DEU in Catalonia (Spain). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the use of sedation in DEU in Catalonia. MATERIAL AND METHOD A questionnaire on the practice of sedation was designed and sent to the heads of medical and nursing staff of the DEU of 63 public and private hospitals in Catalonia. Two mailings were sent with an interval of three months between each. The questionnaire included 62 items on the characteristics of the hospital and the DEU, number of explorations, frequency of sedation use, drugs employed, participation of an anesthesiologist, use of monitoring, and complications. RESULTS Forty-four DEU (70%) corresponding to 31 public hospitals and 13 private hospitals completed the questionnaire. Evaluation of sedation patterns was based on 105,904 explorations performed in the various DEU (56,453 gastroscopies, 47,278 colonoscopies and 2,173 endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographies (ERCP) in 2001. Sedation, sedation-analgesia or anesthesia was used in 17% of gastroscopies, 61% of colonoscopies and 100% of ERCP. Sedation was administered by an anesthesiologist in 7% of gastroscopies, 25% of colonoscopies and 38% of ERCP. Anesthesiologist administration was more frequent in private than in public centers (gastroscopies: 25% vs. 2%; colonoscopies: 57% vs. 9%, p < 0.001). No deaths associated with the use of sedation were reported. Eighty-nine percent of the DEU complied with standard recommendations for the practice of sedation. CONCLUSIONS In Catalonia, the use of sedation is highly variable, depending on the endoscopic procedure and the DEU. Use of sedation in infrequent in gastroscopy, fairly widespread in colonoscopy and routine in ERCP. Anesthesiologist administration is significantly more frequent in private hospitals. Most DEU follow standard sedation practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Campo
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Corporació Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain.
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Cid C, Alvarez-Cermeño JC, Camafeita E, Salinas M, Alcázar A. Antibodies reactive to heat shock protein 90 induce oligodendrocyte precursor cell death in culture. Implications for demyelination in multiple sclerosis. FASEB J 2003; 18:409-11. [PMID: 14688203 DOI: 10.1096/fj.03-0606fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are extremely efficient at remyelination. These cells persist in the adult human central nervous system and can proliferate. However, the failure to remyelinate is a pathological characteristic of the human demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis (MS), which suggests that these cells are ineffective in this disorder. This paper reports that IgG antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of MS patients specifically recognize an antigen on OPCs in culture. Control patients were found not to possess these antibodies. The antigen was immunoprecipitated in cell extracts from cultures with purified IgG from MS CSF. Peptide mass fingerprinting identified it as the beta type of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). Two-dimensional electrophoresis and immunoblot showed that this antigen in fact corresponds to two specific isoforms of Hsp90beta. Several control assays using monoclonal and polyclonal anti-Hsp90 antibodies confirmed the specific expression of Hsp90 on OPCs. Labeling OPCs in vivo with MS CSF and anti-Hsp90 antibodies and subsequent immunofluorescence confocal microscopy located the antigen on the cell surface. The binding of CSF antibodies from MS patients to the OPC surface led to complement activation and significant extinction of the OPC population. These results suggest that OPCs may be a target of anti-Hsp90 antibodies in MS patients and that this could prevent remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cid
- Servicio Bioquímica-Investigación Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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Quevedo C, Salinas M, Alcázar A. Initiation factor 2B activity is regulated by protein phosphatase 1, which is activated by the mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent pathway in insulin-like growth factor 1-stimulated neuronal cells. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:16579-86. [PMID: 12624094 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m212936200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) induces eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) activation in neuronal cells through the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/glycogen synthase kinase 3 pathway as well as by activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-activating kinase (MEK)/MAPK signaling pathway (Quevedo, C., Alcázar, A., and Salinas, M. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 19192-19197). This paper addresses the mechanism involved in IGF1-induced eIF2B activation via the MEK/MAPK cascade in cultured neurons treated with IGF1 and demonstrates that extracellular signal-regulated MAP kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1 and -2) immunoprecipitates of IGF1-treated neuronal cells promote this activation. This effect did not directly result from eIF2B phosphorylation by ERK immunoprecipitates. In addition, recombinant ERK1 and -2 neither activate eIF2B nor phosphorylate it. Endogenous protein phosphatase 1 and 2A catalytic subunits (PP1C and PP2AC, respectively) were co-immunoprecipitated with ERK1 and -2, and the association of ERK with PP1C was stimulated by IGF1 treatment, resulting in increased PP1 activity. ERK immunoprecipitates incubated with PP1 inhibitors did not activate eIF2B, indicating that PP1C activates eIF2B. In vitro experiments with phosphorylated eIF2B showed that recombinant PP1C (alpha isoform) dephosphorylates and activates eIF2B. Paralleling eIF2B activation, IGF1 treatment induced PP1 activation in a MEK/MAPK-dependent fashion. Moreover, the treatment of neurons with the PP1 inhibitor tautomycin inhibited PP1 activation and prevented IGF1-induced eIF2B activation. These findings strongly suggest that IGF1-induced eIF2B activation in neurons is effected by PP1, the activation of which is mediated by the MEK/MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Quevedo
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
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Cid C, Alvarez-Cermeño JC, Regidor I, Plaza J, Salinas M, Alcázar A. Caspase inhibitors protect against neuronal apoptosis induced by cerebrospinal fluid from multiple sclerosis patients. J Neuroimmunol 2003; 136:119-24. [PMID: 12620650 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5728(02)00467-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal apoptosis has recently been implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS). Apoptotic cell death of neurons is induced in cultures exposed to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from MS patients. Since caspases are essential in the regulation of apoptosis, direct evidence was sought linking caspases to CSF-induced neuronal death. Caspase activity was measured in cell extracts from MS CSF-treated cultured neurons by the cleavage of caspase-1 and caspase-3 substrates. Caspase-3 activity, but not caspase-1, was induced in neuronal cultures in response to MS CSF treatment. This caspase-3 activity was inhibited in vitro by Ac-YVAD-cmk and Ac-DEVD-cmk caspase inhibitors. Treatment of MS CSF-incubated neuronal cells with these caspase inhibitors completely preserved neuronal survival and largely attenuated DNA fragmentation detected in situ. These findings show that neuronal cells are rescued from MS CSF-induced death by caspase inhibitors and suggest ways to treat MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cid
- Servicio de Bioqui;mica-Investigación, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Ctra. Colmenar km 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) both promotes survival and activates protein synthesis in neurons. In the present paper, we investigate the effect of IGF-1 treatment on cap-dependent translation in primary cultured neuronal cells. IGF-1 treatment increased the phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)-4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1), exclusively at Thr-36 and Thr-45 residues, and eIF-4G phosphorylation at Ser-1108. In contrast, a significant eIF-4E dephosphorylation was found. In parallel, increased eIF-4E/4G assembly and protein synthesis activation in response to IGF-1 treatment were observed. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) inhibitor wortmannin and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor rapamycin, but not the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-activating kinase (MEK) inhibitor PD98059, reversed the IGF-1-induced effects observed on eIF-4E/4G assembly and phosphorylation status of 4E-BP1, eIF-4E, and eIF-4G. Therefore, our findings show that the IGF-1-induced regulation of cap-dependent translation is largely dependent on the PI-3K and mTOR pathway in neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Quevedo
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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Cid C, Alcázar A, Regidor I, Masjuan J, Salinas M, Alvarez-Cermeño JC. Neuronal apoptosis induced by cerebrospinal fluid from multiple sclerosis patients correlates with hypointense lesions on T1 magnetic resonance imaging. J Neurol Sci 2002; 193:103-9. [PMID: 11790390 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(01)00650-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal damage seems to be a major source of disability in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and at present magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a sensitive method to evaluate lesion and disease activity. We studied the potential correlation between changes in MS patients' disability after relapse, the degree of T1 lesion hypointensity on MRI in vivo and neuronal apoptosis induced by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) on neuron cultures. In this study, we included 24 MS patients with relapsing disease. Clinical recovery from relapse was measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). T1-weighted MRI studies were done according to established standards and neuronal apoptosis was induced by treatment of neuronal cultures with CSF from patients while relapsing. Recovery after relapse is inversely correlated with neuronal apoptosis (r=-0.725, p<0.0001). A correlation was found between T1 lesion hypointensity and a poor recovery from relapse (r=0.656, p=0.0005) and such hypointensity correlated strongly with neuronal apoptosis (r=-0.779, p<0.0001). CSF from all patients with hypointense T1 lesions caused significantly increased neuronal apoptosis, whereas all CSF that did not induced such effects corresponded to patients without T1 lesions. The recovery from an acute MS relapse is significantly worse in patients with hypointense T1 lesions in MRI and in those whose CSF damaged neurons on cultures in vitro, phenomena that closely correlated each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cid
- Servicio Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Ctra. Colmenar km 9.1. 28034 Madrid, Spain
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Martín de la Vega C, Burda J, Nemethova M, Quevedo C, Alcázar A, Martín ME, Danielisova V, Fando JL, Salinas M. Possible mechanisms involved in the down-regulation of translation during transient global ischaemia in the rat brain. Biochem J 2001; 357:819-26. [PMID: 11463353 PMCID: PMC1222012 DOI: 10.1042/0264-6021:3570819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The striking correlation between neuronal vulnerability and down-regulation of translation suggests that this cellular process plays a critical part in the cascade of pathogenetic events leading to ischaemic cell death. There is compelling evidence supporting the idea that inhibition of translation is exerted at the polypeptide chain initiation step, and the present study explores the possible mechanism/s implicated. Incomplete forebrain ischaemia (30 min) was induced in rats by using the four-vessel occlusion model. Eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)2, eIF4E and eIF4E-binding protein (4E-BP1) phosphorylation levels, eIF4F complex formation, as well as eIF2B and ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70(S6K)) activities, were determined in different subcellular fractions from the cortex and the hippocampus [the CA1-subfield and the remaining hippocampus (RH)], at several post-ischaemic times. Increased phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eIF2 (eIF2 alpha) and eIF2B inhibition paralleled the inhibition of translation in the hippocampus, but they normalized to control values, including the CA1-subfield, after 4--6 h of reperfusion. eIF4E and 4E-BP1 were significantly dephosphorylated during ischaemia and total eIF4E levels decreased during reperfusion both in the cortex and hippocampus, with values normalizing after 4 h of reperfusion only in the cortex. Conversely, p70(S6K) activity, which was inhibited in both regions during ischaemia, recovered to control values earlier in the hippocampus than in the cortex. eIF4F complex formation diminished both in the cortex and the hippocampus during ischaemia and reperfusion, and it was lower in the CA1-subfield than in the RH, roughly paralleling the observed decrease in eIF4E and eIF4G levels. Our findings are consistent with a potential role for eIF4E, 4E-BP1 and eIF4G in the down-regulation of translation during ischaemia. eIF2 alpha, eIF2B, eIF4G and p70(S6K) are positively implicated in the translational inhibition induced at early reperfusion, whereas eIF4F complex formation is likely to contribute to the persistent inhibition of translation observed at longer reperfusion times.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Martín de la Vega
- Departamento de Investigación, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Ctra. Colmenar Km. 9, 28034 Madrid, Spain
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Quevedo C, Alcázar A, Salinas M. Two different signal transduction pathways are implicated in the regulation of initiation factor 2B activity in insulin-like growth factor-1-stimulated neuronal cells. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:19192-7. [PMID: 10764740 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m000238200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-2B plays an important role in translation regulation and has been suggested to be implicated in the increased protein synthesis promoted in response to growth factors. We have used primary cultured neurons to delineate the signaling pathways by which insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which plays a critical role in the survival of neuronal cells, promotes eIF-2B and protein synthesis activation. Treatment of cortical neurons with IGF-1 (100 ng/ml) for 30 min stimulates [(3)H]methionine incorporation, and a parallel increase in eIF-2B activity was observed. Wortmannin and LY294002 reversed both effects, indicating that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase mediates IGF-1-induced protein synthesis and eIF-2B activation. IGF-1 induced glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inactivation in a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent fashion because it is inhibited by wortmannin and LY294002. By using GSK-3 immunoprecipitated from untreated and IGF-1-treated cells, we demonstrate the phosphorylation of eIF-2B coincident with its inactivation. The treatment of cortical neurons with IGF-1 also promoted the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). The MAPK-activating kinase (MEK) inhibitor PD98059 inhibited MAPK activation and reversed IGF-1-induced protein synthesis and eIF-2B activation. These findings suggest that IGF-1-induced eIF-2B activation on neurons is promoted through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and GSK-3 kinase, and we report an IGF-1-induced MEK/MAPK activation pathway implicated in eIF-2B activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Quevedo
- Servicio de Bioquimica-Investigación, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
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