1
|
Shameem M, Jian Bagherpoor A, Nakhi A, Dosa P, Georg G, Kassie F. Mitochondria-targeted metformin (mitomet) inhibits lung cancer in cellular models and in mice by enhancing the generation of reactive oxygen species. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:1619-1629. [PMID: 37401866 PMCID: PMC10961008 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. Although some epidemiological studies have shown an inverse relationship between the use of metformin, a widely used antidiabetic drug, and the incidence of lung cancer, the real benefits of the drug are unclear as the efficacy is low and the outcomes are quite heterogeneous. To develop a more potent form of metformin, we synthesized mitochondria-targeted metformin (mitomet) and tested its efficacy in in vitro and in vivo models of lung cancer. Mitomet was cytotoxic to transformed bronchial cells and several non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines but relatively safe to normal bronchial cells, and these effects were mediated mainly via induction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Studies using isogenic A549 cells showed that mitomet was selectively toxic to those cells deficient in the tumor suppressor gene LKB1, which is widely mutated in NSCLC. Mitomet also significantly reduced the multiplicity and size of lung tumors induced by a tobacco smoke carcinogen in mice. Overall, our findings showed that mitomet, which was about 1000 and 100 times more potent than metformin, in killing NSCLC cells and reducing the multiplicity and size of lung tumors in mice, respectively, is a promising candidate for the chemoprevention and treatment of lung cancer, in particular against LKB1-deficient lung cancers which are known to be highly aggressive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shameem
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Ali Nakhi
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Peter Dosa
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Gunda Georg
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Fekadu Kassie
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nakhi A, Wong HL, Weldy M, Khoruts A, Sadowsky MJ, Dosa PI. Structural modifications that increase gut restriction of bile acid derivatives. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:394-405. [PMID: 34046622 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00425a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile acid derivatives have been investigated as possible therapeutics for a wide array of conditions, including several for which gut-restricted analogs would likely be preferred. These include the prevention of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) and the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The design of gut-restricted bile acid analogs, however, is complicated by the highly efficient enterohepatic circulation system that typically reabsorbs these compounds from the digestive tract for subsequent return to the liver. Herein, we report that incorporation of a sulfate group at the 7-position of the bile acid scaffold reduces oral bioavailability and increases fecal recovery in two pairs of compounds designed to inhibit the germination of C. difficile spores. A different approach was necessary for designing gut-restricted bile acid-based TGR5 agonists for the treatment of IBD, as the incorporation of a 7-sulfate group reduces activity at this receptor. Instead, building on our previous discovery that incorporation of a 7-methoxy group into chenodeoxycholic acid derivatives greatly increases their TGR5 receptor potency, we determined that an N-methyl-d-glucamine group could be conjugated to the scaffold to obtain a compound with an excellent mix of potency at the TGR5 receptor, low oral exposure, and good fecal recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nakhi
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota 717 Delaware Street SE Minneapolis Minnesota 55414 USA +1 612 626 6318 +1 612 625 7948
| | - Henry L Wong
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota 717 Delaware Street SE Minneapolis Minnesota 55414 USA +1 612 626 6318 +1 612 625 7948
| | - Melissa Weldy
- BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota 1479 Gortner Avenue St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55414 USA
| | - Alexander Khoruts
- BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota 1479 Gortner Avenue St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55414 USA.,Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55414 USA
| | - Michael J Sadowsky
- BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota 1479 Gortner Avenue St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA.,Department of Soil, Water & Climate, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota USA
| | - Peter I Dosa
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota 717 Delaware Street SE Minneapolis Minnesota 55414 USA +1 612 626 6318 +1 612 625 7948
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shahinshavali S, Hossain KA, Kumar AVDN, Reddy AG, Kolli D, Nakhi A, Rao MVB, Pal M. Ultrasound assisted synthesis of 3-alkynyl substituted 2-chloroquinoxaline derivatives: Their in silico assessment as potential ligands for N-protein of SARS-CoV-2. Tetrahedron Lett 2020; 61:152336. [PMID: 32868957 PMCID: PMC7449981 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In view of recent global pandemic the 3-alkynyl substituted 2-chloroquinoxaline framework has been explored as a potential template for the design of molecules targeting COVID-19. Initial in silico studies of representative compounds to assess their binding affinities via docking into the N-terminal RNA-binding domain (NTD) of N-protein of SARS-CoV-2 prompted further study of these molecules. Thus building of a small library of molecules based on the said template became essential for this purpose. Accordingly, a convenient and environmentally safer method has been developed for the rapid synthesis of 3-alkynyl substituted 2-chloroquinoxaline derivatives under Cu-catalysis assisted by ultrasound. This simple and straightforward method involved the coupling of 2,3-dichloroquinoxaline with commercially available terminal alkynes in the presence of CuI, PPh3 and K2CO3 in PEG-400. Further in silico studies revealed some remarkable observations and established a virtual SAR (Structure Activity Relationship) within the series. Three compounds appeared as potential agents for further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaik Shahinshavali
- Department of Chemistry, Krishna University, Machilipatnam 521001, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kazi Amirul Hossain
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | | | - Deepti Kolli
- Department of Chemistry, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Green Fields, Vaddeswaram 522502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ali Nakhi
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | | | - Manojit Pal
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500046, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nakhi A, McDermott CM, Stoltz KL, John K, Hawkinson JE, Ambrose EA, Khoruts A, Sadowsky MJ, Dosa PI. 7-Methylation of Chenodeoxycholic Acid Derivatives Yields a Substantial Increase in TGR5 Receptor Potency. J Med Chem 2019; 62:6824-6830. [PMID: 31268316 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
TGR5 agonists are potential therapeutics for a variety of conditions including type 2 diabetes, obesity, and inflammatory bowel disease. After screening a library of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) derivatives, it was determined that a range of modifications could be made to the acid moiety of CDCA which significantly increased TGR5 agonist potency. Surprisingly, methylation of the 7-hydroxyl of CDCA led to a further dramatic increase in potency, allowing the identification of 5.6 nM TGR5 agonist 17.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nakhi
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 717 Delaware Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55414 , United States
| | - Connor M McDermott
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 717 Delaware Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55414 , United States
| | - Kristen L Stoltz
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 717 Delaware Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55414 , United States
| | - Kristen John
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 717 Delaware Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55414 , United States
| | - Jon E Hawkinson
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 717 Delaware Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55414 , United States
| | - Elizabeth A Ambrose
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 717 Delaware Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55414 , United States
| | - Alexander Khoruts
- Center for Immunology, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55414 , United States.,BioTechnology Institute, Department of Soil, Water & Climate, and Department of Plant and Microbial Biology , University of Minnesota , St. Paul , Minnesota 55108 , United States
| | - Michael J Sadowsky
- BioTechnology Institute, Department of Soil, Water & Climate, and Department of Plant and Microbial Biology , University of Minnesota , St. Paul , Minnesota 55108 , United States
| | - Peter I Dosa
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Minnesota , 717 Delaware Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55414 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ghosh A, Sengupta A, Seerapu GPK, Nakhi A, Shivaji Ramarao EVV, Bung N, Bulusu G, Pal M, Haldar D. A novel SIRT1 inhibitor, 4bb induces apoptosis in HCT116 human colon carcinoma cells partially by activating p53. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 488:562-569. [PMID: 28526414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase SIRT1 has emerged as an important target for epigenetic therapeutics of colon cancer as its increased expression is associated with cancer progression. Additionally, SIRT1 represses p53 function via deacetylation, promoting tumor growth. Therefore, inhibition of SIRT1 is of great therapeutic interest for the treatment of colon cancer. Here, we report discovery of a novel quinoxaline based small molecule inhibitor of human SIRT1, 4bb, investigated its effect on viability of colon cancer cells and molecular mechanism of action. In vitro, 4bb is a significantly more potent SIRT1 inhibitor, compared to β-naphthols such as sirtinol, cambinol. Increasing concentration of 4bb decrease viability of colon cancer cells but, does not affect the viability of normal dermal fibroblasts depicting cancer cell specificity. Further, 4bb treatment increased p53 acetylation, Bax expression and induced caspase 3 cleavage suggesting that the death of HCT116 colon cancer cells occur through intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. Overall, our results presents 4bb as a new class of human SIRT1 inhibitor and suggest that inhibition of SIRT1 by 4bb induces apoptosis of colon cancer cells at least in part via activating p53 by preventing p53 deacetylation, increasing Bax expression and inducing caspases. Therefore, this molecule provide an opportunity for lead optimization and may help in development of novel, non-toxic epigenetic therapeutics for colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ananga Ghosh
- Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad 500039, India
| | - Amrita Sengupta
- Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad 500039, India; Graduate Studies, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | | | - Ali Nakhi
- Dr Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | | | - Navneet Bung
- TCS Innovation Labs (Life Science Division), TCS Limited, Hyderabad 500081, India
| | | | - Manojit Pal
- Dr Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Devyani Haldar
- Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Uppal, Hyderabad 500039, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Singh SN, Jayaprakash S, Venkateshwara Reddy K, Nakhi A, Pal M. A metal catalyst-free and one-pot synthesis of (3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-2-yl)methanol derivatives in water. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra14478g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Regioselective synthesis of (3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-2-yl)methanols have been accomplished via a greener method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shambhu Nath Singh
- Custom Pharmaceuticals Services and Dr Reddy's Laboratories Ltd
- Hyderabad 500049
- India
- Department of Chemistry
- JNTUH College of Engineering
| | - Sarva Jayaprakash
- Custom Pharmaceuticals Services and Dr Reddy's Laboratories Ltd
- Hyderabad 500049
- India
| | | | - Ali Nakhi
- Dr Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences
- University of Hyderabad Campus
- Hyderabad 500046
- India
| | - Manojit Pal
- Dr Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences
- University of Hyderabad Campus
- Hyderabad 500046
- India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kolli SK, Nakhi A, Archana S, Saridena M, Deora GS, Yellanki S, Medisetti R, Kulkarni P, Ramesh Raju R, Pal M. Ligand-free Pd-catalyzed C–N cross-coupling/cyclization strategy: An unprecedented access to 1-thienyl pyrroloquinoxalines for the new approach towards apoptosis. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 86:270-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
8
|
Kolli SK, Nakhi A, Medishetti R, Yellanki S, Kulkarni P, Ramesh Raju R, Pal M. NaSH in the construction of thiophene ring fused with N-heterocycles: a rapid and inexpensive synthesis of novel small molecules as potential inducers of apoptosis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4460-4465. [PMID: 25168747 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.07.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A facile construction of a thiophene ring fused with N-heterocycles has been achieved via the reaction of NaSH with 2-chloro-3-alkynyl quinoxalines/pyrazines leading to novel 2-substituted thieno[2,3-b]pyrazine/quinoxaline derivatives as potential inducers of apoptosis. Some of them showed encouraging pharmacological properties when tested in zebrafish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunder Kumar Kolli
- Department of Chemistry, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar, Guntur 522510, A.P., India
| | - Ali Nakhi
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - Raghavender Medishetti
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, India; Zephase Therapeutics (an incubated company at the DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Swapna Yellanki
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, India; Zephase Therapeutics (an incubated company at the DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Pushkar Kulkarni
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, India; Zephase Therapeutics (an incubated company at the DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - R Ramesh Raju
- Department of Chemistry, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar, Guntur 522510, A.P., India
| | - Manojit Pal
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nakhi A, Rahman MS, Archana S, Kishore R, Seerapu GPK, Kumar KL, Haldar D, Pal M. Construction and functionalization of pyranone ring fused with pyran moiety: design and synthesis of novel pyrano[4,3-b]pyran-5(4H)-ones as potential inhibitors of sirtuins. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:4195-205. [PMID: 23743280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Novel pyrano[4,3-b]pyran-5(4H)-one based small molecules were designed as potential inhibitors of sirtuins (i.e., yeast sir2, a homolog of human SIRT1). Elegant synthesis of these compounds was performed via a multi-step sequence consisting of MCR, Sandmeyer type iodination, Sonogashira type coupling followed by iodocyclization and then Pd-mediated various C-C bond forming reactions. The overall strategy involved the construction of a pyran ring followed by the fused pyranone moiety and subsequent functionalization at C-8 position of the resultant core pyrano[4,3-b]pyran-5(4H)-one framework. The crystal structure analysis of a representative iodolactonized product (6d) is presented. Some of the synthesized compounds showed promising inhibitory activities when tested against yeast sir2 in vitro. The compound 6g showed dose dependent inhibition (IC50=78.05μM) of yeast sir2 and good interactions with this protein in silico.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nakhi
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nakhi A, Rahman MS, Seerapu GPK, Banote RK, Kumar KL, Kulkarni P, Haldar D, Pal M. Transition metal free hydrolysis/cyclization strategy in a single pot: synthesis of fused furo N-heterocycles of pharmacological interest. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:4930-4. [PMID: 23824158 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41069b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A transition metal free tandem two-step strategy has been developed involving hydrolysis of 2-chloro-3-alkynyl quinoxalines/pyrazines followed by in situ cyclization of the corresponding 2-hydroxy-3-alkynyl intermediates in a single pot leading to fused furo N-heterocycles as potential inhibitors of sirtuins. A representative compound showed promising pharmacological properties in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nakhi
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Nakhi A, Archana S, Seerapu GPK, Chennubhotla KS, Kumar KL, Kulkarni P, Haldar D, Pal M. AlCl3-mediated hydroarylation–heteroarylation in a single pot: a direct access to densely functionalized olefins of pharmacological interest. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:6268-70. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc42840k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
12
|
Nakhi A, Adepu R, Rambabu D, Kishore R, Vanaja G, Kalle AM, Pal M. Thieno[3,2-c]pyran-4-one based novel small molecules: Their synthesis, crystal structure analysis and in vitro evaluation as potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:4418-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.04.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2012] [Revised: 03/31/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
13
|
Nakhi A, Prasad B, Reddy U, Rao RM, Sandra S, Kapavarapu R, Rambabu D, Rama Krishna G, Reddy CM, Ravada K, Misra P, Iqbal J, Pal M. A new route to indoles via in situ desilylation–Sonogashira strategy: identification of novel small molecules as potential anti-tuberculosis agents. Med Chem Commun 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1md00148e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|