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Robinson D, Zakeri R, Brown LR, Laing RW, Choh C, Askari A, Abouelazayem M, Bradley A, Currie AC, Elmasry M, Evans R, Gall T, Jerome E, Raftery NB, Samuel M, Spiers H, Chan B. Upper gastrointestinal training in the UK and Ireland: a Roux Group Study. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2024. [PMID: 38634225 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2023.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Surgical training programmes in the United Kingdom and Ireland (UK&I) are in a state of flux. This study aims to report the contemporary opinions of trainee and consultant surgeons on the current upper gastrointestinal (UGI) training model in the UK&I. METHODS A questionnaire was developed and distributed via national UGI societies. Questions pertained to demographics, current training evaluation, perceived requirements and availability. RESULTS A total of 241 responses were received with representation from all UK&I postgraduate training regions. The biggest discrepancies between rotation demand and national availability related to advanced/therapeutic endoscopy and robotic surgery, with 91.7% of respondents stating they would welcome greater geographical flexibility in training. The median suggested academic targets were 3-5 publications (trainee vs consultant <3 vs 3-5, p<0.001); <3 presentations (<3 vs 3-5, p=0.002); and 3-5 audits/quality improvement projects (<3 vs 3-5, p<0.001). Current operative requirements were considered achievable (87.6%) but inadequate for day one consultant practice (74.7%). Reassuringly, 76.3% deemed there was role for on-the-job operative training following consultant appointment. Proficiency in diagnostic endoscopy was considered a minimum requirement for Certificate of Completion of Training (CCT) yet the majority regarded therapeutic endoscopy competency as non-essential. The median numbers of index UGI operations suggested were comparable with the current curriculum requirements. Post-CCT fellowships were not considered necessary; however, the majority (73.6%) recognised their advantage. CONCLUSIONS Current CCT requirements are largely consistent with the opinions of the UGI community. Areas for improvement include flexibility in geographical working and increasing national provisions for high-quality endoscopy training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dbt Robinson
- The Roux Group, c/o AUGIS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, UK
| | - R Zakeri
- The Roux Group, c/o AUGIS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, UK
| | - L R Brown
- The Roux Group, c/o AUGIS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, UK
| | - R W Laing
- The Roux Group, c/o AUGIS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, UK
| | - C Choh
- The Roux Group, c/o AUGIS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, UK
| | - A Askari
- The Roux Group, c/o AUGIS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, UK
| | - M Abouelazayem
- The Roux Group, c/o AUGIS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, UK
| | - A Bradley
- The Roux Group, c/o AUGIS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, UK
| | - A C Currie
- The Roux Group, c/o AUGIS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, UK
| | - M Elmasry
- The Roux Group, c/o AUGIS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, UK
| | - Rpt Evans
- The Roux Group, c/o AUGIS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, UK
| | - Tmh Gall
- The Roux Group, c/o AUGIS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, UK
| | - E Jerome
- The Roux Group, c/o AUGIS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, UK
| | - N B Raftery
- The Roux Group, c/o AUGIS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, UK
| | - M Samuel
- The Roux Group, c/o AUGIS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, UK
| | - Hvm Spiers
- The Roux Group, c/o AUGIS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, UK
| | - Bky Chan
- The Roux Group, c/o AUGIS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, UK
- Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
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Behari J, Bradley A, Townsend K, Becich MJ, Cappella N, Chuang CH, Fernandez SA, Ford DE, Kirchner HL, Morgan R, Paranjape A, Silverstein JC, Williams DA, Donahoo WT, Asrani SK, Ntanios F, Ateya M, Hegeman-Dingle R, McLeod E, McTigue K. Limitations of Noninvasive Tests-Based Population-Level Risk Stratification Strategy for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:370-383. [PMID: 38060170 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-08186-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are highly prevalent but underdiagnosed. AIMS We used an electronic health record data network to test a population-level risk stratification strategy using noninvasive tests (NITs) of liver fibrosis. METHODS Data were obtained from PCORnet® sites in the East, Midwest, Southwest, and Southeast United States from patients aged [Formula: see text] 18 with or without ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes for NAFLD, NASH, and NASH-cirrhosis between 9/1/2017 and 8/31/2020. Average and standard deviations (SD) for Fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4), NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS), and Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI) were estimated by site for each patient cohort. Sample-wide estimates were calculated as weighted averages across study sites. RESULTS Of 11,875,959 patients, 0.8% and 0.1% were coded with NAFLD and NASH, respectively. NAFLD diagnosis rates in White, Black, and Hispanic patients were 0.93%, 0.50%, and 1.25%, respectively, and for NASH 0.19%, 0.04%, and 0.16%, respectively. Among undiagnosed patients, insufficient EHR data for estimating NITs ranged from 68% (FIB-4) to 76% (NFS). Predicted prevalence of NAFLD by HSI was 60%, with estimated prevalence of advanced fibrosis of 13% by NFS and 7% by FIB-4. Approximately, 15% and 23% of patients were classified in the intermediate range by FIB-4 and NFS, respectively. Among NAFLD-cirrhosis patients, a third had FIB-4 scores in the low or intermediate range. CONCLUSIONS We identified several potential barriers to a population-level NIT-based screening strategy. HSI-based NAFLD screening appears unrealistic. Further research is needed to define merits of NFS- versus FIB-4-based strategies, which may identify different high-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaideep Behari
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Suite 201, Kaufmann Medical Building, 3471 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Allison Bradley
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA
| | - Kevin Townsend
- US Medical Affairs, Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, 10017, USA
| | - Michael J Becich
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA
| | - Nickie Cappella
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA
| | - Cynthia H Chuang
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Soledad A Fernandez
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA
| | - Daniel E Ford
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - H Lester Kirchner
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, 17822, USA
| | - Richard Morgan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA
| | - Anuradha Paranjape
- Department of Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Jonathan C Silverstein
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15206, USA
| | - David A Williams
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - W Troy Donahoo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | | | - Fady Ntanios
- US Medical Affairs, Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, 10017, USA
| | - Mohammad Ateya
- US Medical Affairs, Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, 10017, USA
| | | | - Euan McLeod
- Pfizer Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Tadworth, UK
| | - Kathleen McTigue
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
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Scott S, McGowan V, Bradley A, Visram S. 'How I'm feeling today, I probably won't be feeling tomorrow'. Using I-Poems to explore young people's changing emotions during the Covid-19 pandemic - A qualitative, longitudinal study. SSM Qual Res Health 2023; 3:100239. [PMID: 36817939 PMCID: PMC9927801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmqr.2023.100239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Relatively little published qualitative research has explored children and young people's (CYP) prolonged or longitudinal experiences of the pandemic, and their emotional responses to such unreserved change to everyday life. As part of a broader, qualitative longitudinal study, this paper explores change and continuity in young people's emotions over time during the Covid-19 pandemic in North East England. Methods I-Poems were curated for each of the 26 young people in this study from serial interview transcripts and diary entries, collected over the course of 16 months. Creation of I-Poems require researchers to focus on sentences made by the interviewee that include the word "I," and without changing the order of those sentences, to present them in poetic stanzas. Findings Young people's voices and experiences became more poignant and powerful when their 'I' narrative was centralised, silencing the presence of the researcher. Further, presenting the data in this way allowed us to see how the following emotions shifted over time: grief, sadness, frustration, anger, anxiety, joy, pleasure, excitement. We contend that young people experienced significant rupture and change over the course of our 16 month project, with both positive and negative repercussions for their emotional wellbeing. Conclusions Large scale (quantitative and qualitative) studies remain much needed to focus on the long-term impacts of the pandemic on young people's social, emotional and cultural lives. Longitudinal and creative qualitative approaches (such as I-Poems) have the potential to centralise participant voice, break down power dynamics, and allow exploration of shifting experiences and emotions over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Scott
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Sir James Spence Building, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - V McGowan
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Sir James Spence Building, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - A Bradley
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Sir James Spence Building, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - S Visram
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Sir James Spence Building, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK
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Slattery SM, Zelko FA, Vu EL, Dunne EC, Rand CM, Bradley A, Zhou A, Carroll MS, Khaytin I, Brady KM, Stewart TM, Weese-Mayer DE. Ventilatory and Orthostatic Challenges Reveal Biomarkers for Neurocognition in Children and Young Adults With Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome. Chest 2023; 163:1555-1564. [PMID: 36610668 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2022.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children and young adults with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) are at risk of cognitive deficits. They experience autonomic dysfunction and chemoreceptor insensitivity measured during ventilatory and orthostatic challenges, but relationships between these features are undefined. RESEARCH QUESTION Can a biomarker be identified from physiologic responses to ventilatory and orthostatic challenges that is related to neurocognitive outcomes in CCHS? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This retrospective study included 25 children and young adults with CCHS tested over an inpatient stay. Relationships between physiologic measurements during hypercarbic and hypoxic ventilatory challenges, hypoxic ventilatory challenges, and orthostatic challenges and neurocognitive outcomes (by Wechsler intelligence indexes) were examined. Independent variable inclusion was determined by significant associations in Pearson's analyses. Multivariate linear regressions were used to assess relationships between measured physiologic responses to challenges and neurocognitive scores. RESULTS Significant relationships were identified between areas of fluid intelligence and measures of oxygen saturation (SpO2) and heart rate (HR) during challenges. Specifically, perceptual reasoning was related to HR (adjusted regression [β] coefficient, -0.68; 95% CI, 1.24 to -0.12; P = .02) during orthostasis. Working memory was related to change in HR (β, -1.33; 95% CI, -2.61 to -0.05; P = .042) during the hypoxic ventilatory challenge. Processing speed was related to HR (β, -1.19; 95% CI, -1.93 to -0.46; P = .003) during orthostasis, to baseline SpO2 (hypercarbic and hypoxic β, 8.57 [95% CI, 1.63-15.51]; hypoxic β, 8.37 [95% CI, 3.65-13.11]; P = .002 for both) during the ventilatory challenges, and to intrachallenge SpO2 (β, 5.89; 95% CI, 0.71-11.07; P = .028) during the hypoxic ventilatory challenge. INTERPRETATION In children and young adults with CCHS, SpO2 and HR-or change in HR-at rest and as a response to hypoxia and orthostasis are related to cognitive outcomes in domains of known risk, particularly fluid reasoning. These findings can guide additional research on the usefulness of these as biomarkers in understanding the impact of daily physical stressors on neurodevelopment in this high-risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Slattery
- Division of Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
| | - Frank A Zelko
- Pritzker Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Eric L Vu
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Anesthesia, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Emma C Dunne
- Division of Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Casey M Rand
- Division of Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Chicago, IL
| | - Allison Bradley
- Division of Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Amy Zhou
- Division of Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Ilya Khaytin
- Division of Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Kenneth M Brady
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Anesthesia, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Tracey M Stewart
- Division of Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Debra E Weese-Mayer
- Division of Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Chicago, IL
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Krishan G, Bhagwat A, Sejwal P, Yadav BK, Kansal ML, Bradley A, Singh S, Kumar M, Sharma LM, Muste M. Assessment of groundwater salinity using principal component analysis (PCA): a case study from Mewat (Nuh), Haryana, India. Environ Monit Assess 2022; 195:37. [PMID: 36301359 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10555-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, principal component analysis (PCA) is used to investigate the processes controlling groundwater salinity in the Mewat (Nuh) district, Haryana, India. Twenty groundwater samples were collected from salinity-affected areas in the March-April months of years 2018 and 2019 and were analyzed for chemical variables pH, EC, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, [Formula: see text], Cl-, SO42-, [Formula: see text], TDS, and total hardness. Three principal components were selected based on the eigen value, which explains 79.58% and 85.08% of the total variation in the years 2018 and 2019, respectively. The first principal component (PC-1) is identified with salinity, the second principal component (PC-2) with alkalinity, and the third principal component (PC-3) described the pollution. When the yearly comparison was made, the samples collected in 2019 were found to have an increased salinity compared to 2018, which shows an increased vulnerability to the aquifer of Mewat on account of the decline in rainfall recharge. It was also evident that declining recharge also triggered the recharge from other sources; thus, the impact of pollution is more pronounced in 2019 compared to 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Krishan
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - A Bhagwat
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - P Sejwal
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - B K Yadav
- Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - M L Kansal
- Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - A Bradley
- The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - S Singh
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - M Kumar
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - L M Sharma
- Sehgal Foundation, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - M Muste
- The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
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Christopoulos P, Sinha S, Browning M, Bradley A, Andrews S. P-031 AN UNUSUAL CASE OF AN INCARCERATED 5MM PORT SITE HERNIA FOLLOWING LAPAROSCOPIC FUNDOPLICATION. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac308.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Port site hernias are a rare, but recognised risk of laparoscopic surgery. Literature supports fascial closure at port sites of 10mm or greater. However, there are few reported cases of herniation through 5mm port sites.
Methods
This case report focuses on a 67-year-old female who underwent an uncomplicated primary laparoscopic Toupet's fundoplication. 11 days post procedure she presented with an incarcerated port site hernia. CT scan demonstrated high grade small bowel obstruction with a transition point at the site of the 5mm right sided port. A laparotomy was performed, the hernia reduced, small bowel was viable, and the port site hernia was closed internally using vicryl sutures.
Results
The incidence of 5mm trocar-site hernias is rare. A recent literature review found only 10 such cases related to general surgery (cholecystectomy:6; appendicectomy: 2; right hemicolectomy: 1; paraesophageal hernia:1). Risk factors for port-site hernias include: high BMI, midline position, size, number and type of trocar tip. The limited current literature identifies excessive trocar manipulation as the major risk factor for developing 5mm port-site hernias, yet routine fascial closure is not supported.
Conclusion
Herniation at 5mm port sites is rare but attention should be paid when patients present with symptoms suggesting its occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Sinha
- Upper GI, Torbay Hospital , Torquay , United Kingdom
| | - M Browning
- Upper GI, Torbay Hospital , Torquay , United Kingdom
| | - A Bradley
- Upper GI, Torbay Hospital , Torquay , United Kingdom
| | - S Andrews
- Upper GI, Torbay Hospital , Torquay , United Kingdom
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Vetter T, Bradley A, Nicolau S, Frair E, Gushchina L, Flanigan K. P.200 Automated quantification of dystrophin immunofluorescence in human and mouse muscle sections. Neuromuscul Disord 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2022.07.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Nicolau S, Vetter T, Frair E, Bradley A, Flanigan K. FP.14 Dystrophin and satellite cell quantification in Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies. Neuromuscul Disord 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2022.07.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Covas P, Liu B, Swamy S, Bourne M, Alafarj M, Cantlay C, Newman E, Sidahmed A, Bradley A, Choi B, Lichtenberger J, Zeman R, Katz R, Earls J, Choi A. 415 Canary In A Coal Mine In NSTEMI? AI-QCT Evaluation Of Atherosclerosis And 2-year Outcomes After CCTA. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2022.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kim Y, Choi A, Telluri A, Lipkin I, Bradley A, Jonas R, Crabtree T, Earls J, Min J, Chang H. 412 AI-QCT: Gatekeeper For Invasive Angiography? CONSERVE Sub-Study. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcct.2022.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ubels S, Verstegen M, Klarenbeek B, Bouwense S, van Berge Henegouwen M, Daams F, van Det MJ, Griffiths EA, Haveman JW, Heisterkamp J, Koshy R, Nieuwenhuijzen G, Polat F, Siersema PD, Singh P, Wijnhoven B, Hannink G, van Workum F, Rosman C, Matthée E, Slootmans CAM, Ultee G, Schouten J, Gisbertz SS, Eshuis WJ, Kalff MC, Feenstra ML, van der Peet DL, Stam WT, van Etten B, Poelmann F, Vuurberg N, van den Berg JW, Martijnse IS, Matthijsen RM, Luyer M, Curvers W, Nieuwenhuijzen T, Taselaar AE, Kouwenhoven EA, Lubbers M, Sosef M, Lecot F, Geraedts TCM, van Esser S, Dekker JWT, van den Wildenberg F, Kelder W, Lubbers M, Baas PC, de Haas JWA, Hartgrink HH, Bahadoer RR, van Sandick JW, Hartemink KJ, Veenhof X, Stockmann H, Gorgec B, Weeder P, Wiezer MJ, Genders CMS, Belt E, Blomberg B, van Duijvendijk P, Claassen L, Reetz D, Steenvoorde P, Mastboom W, Klein Ganseij HJ, van Dalsen AD, Joldersma A, Zwakman M, Groenendijk RPR, Montazeri M, Mercer S, Knight B, van Boxel G, McGregor RJ, Skipworth RJE, Frattini C, Bradley A, Nilsson M, Hayami M, Huang B, Bundred J, Evans R, Grimminger PP, van der Sluis PC, Eren U, Saunders J, Theophilidou E, Khanzada Z, Elliott JA, Ponten J, King S, Reynolds JV, Sgromo B, Akbari K, Shalaby S, Gutschow CA, Schmidt H, Vetter D, Moorthy K, Ibrahim MAH, Christodoulidis G, Räsänen JV, Kauppi J, Söderström H, Manatakis DK, Korkolis DP, Balalis D, Rompu A, Alkhaffaf B, Alasmar M, Arebi M, Piessen G, Nuytens F, Degisors S, Ahmed A, Boddy A, Gandhi S, Fashina O, Van Daele E, Pattyn P, Robb WB, Arumugasamy M, Al Azzawi M, Whooley J, Colak E, Aybar E, Sari AC, Uyanik MS, Ciftci AB, Sayyed R, Ayub B, Murtaza G, Saeed A, Ramesh P, Charalabopoulos A, Liakakos T, Schizas D, Baili E, Kapelouzou A, Valmasoni M, Pierobon ES, Capovilla G, Merigliano S, Silviu C, Rodica B, Florin A, Cristian Gelu R, Petre H, Guevara Castro R, Salcedo AF, Negoi I, Negoita VM, Ciubotaru C, Stoica B, Hostiuc S, Colucci N, Mönig SP, Wassmer CH, Meyer J, Takeda FR, Aissar Sallum RA, Ribeiro U, Cecconello I, Toledo E, Trugeda MS, Fernández MJ, Gil C, Castanedo S, Isik A, Kurnaz E, Videira JF, Peyroteo M, Canotilho R, Weindelmayer J, Giacopuzzi S, De Pasqual CA, Bruna M, Mingol F, Vaque J, Pérez C, Phillips AW, Chmelo J, Brown J, Han LE, Gossage JA, Davies AR, Baker CR, Kelly M, Saad M, Bernardi D, Bonavina L, Asti E, Riva C, Scaramuzzo R, Elhadi M, Abdelkarem Ahmed H, Elhadi A, Elnagar FA, Msherghi AAA, Wills V, Campbell C, Perez Cerdeira M, Whiting S, Merrett N, Das A, Apostolou C, Lorenzo A, Sousa F, Adelino Barbosa J, Devezas V, Barbosa E, Fernandes C, Smith G, Li EY, Bhimani N, Chan P, Kotecha K, Hii MW, Ward SM, Johnson M, Read M, Chong L, Hollands MJ, Allaway M, Richardson A, Johnston E, Chen AZL, Kanhere H, Prasad S, McQuillan P, Surman T, Trochsler MI, Schofield WA, Ahmed SK, Reid JL, Harris MC, Gananadha S, Farrant J, Rodrigues N, Fergusson J, Hindmarsh A, Afzal Z, Safranek P, Sujendran V, Rooney S, Loureiro C, Leturio Fernández S, Díez del Val I, Jaunoo S, Kennedy L, Hussain A, Theodorou D, Triantafyllou T, Theodoropoulos C, Palyvou T, Elhadi M, Abdullah Ben Taher F, Ekheel M, Msherghi AAA. Severity of oEsophageal Anastomotic Leak in patients after oesophagectomy: the SEAL score. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/bjs/znac226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Anastomotic leak (AL) is a common but severe complication after oesophagectomy. It is unknown how to determine the severity of AL objectively at diagnosis. Determining leak severity may guide treatment decisions and improve future research. This study aimed to identify leak-related prognostic factors for mortality, and to develop a Severity of oEsophageal Anastomotic Leak (SEAL) score.
Methods
This international, retrospective cohort study in 71 centres worldwide included patients with AL after oesophagectomy between 2011 and 2019. The primary endpoint was 90-day mortality. Leak-related prognostic factors were identified after adjusting for confounders and were included in multivariable logistic regression to develop the SEAL score. Four classes of leak severity (mild, moderate, severe, and critical) were defined based on the risk of 90-day mortality, and the score was validated internally.
Results
Some 1509 patients with AL were included and the 90-day mortality rate was 11.7 per cent. Twelve leak-related prognostic factors were included in the SEAL score. The score showed good calibration and discrimination (c-index 0.77, 95 per cent c.i. 0.73 to 0.81). Higher classes of leak severity graded by the SEAL score were associated with a significant increase in duration of ICU stay, healing time, Comprehensive Complication Index score, and Esophagectomy Complications Consensus Group classification.
Conclusion
The SEAL score grades leak severity into four classes by combining 12 leak-related predictors and can be used to the assess severity of AL after oesophagectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Ubels
- Department of Surgery, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre , Nijmegen , the Netherlands
| | - Moniek Verstegen
- Department of Surgery, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre , Nijmegen , the Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan Klarenbeek
- Department of Surgery, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre , Nijmegen , the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Bouwense
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre+ , Maastricht , the Netherlands
| | - Mark van Berge Henegouwen
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Freek Daams
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Marc J van Det
- Department of Surgery, ZGT hospital group , Almelo , the Netherlands
| | - Ewen A Griffiths
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Jan W Haveman
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Joos Heisterkamp
- Department of Surgery, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital , Tilburg , the Netherlands
| | - Renol Koshy
- Department of Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospital NHS Trust , Newcastle upon Tyne , UK
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust , Coventry , UK
| | | | - Fatih Polat
- Department of Surgery, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital , Nijmegen , the Netherlands
| | - Peter D Siersema
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Pritam Singh
- Department of Surgery, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust , Nottingham , UK
- Department of Surgery, Regional Oesophago-Gastric Unit, Royal Surrey County Hospital , Guildford , UK
| | - Bas Wijnhoven
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre , Rotterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Gerjon Hannink
- Department of Operating Rooms, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Frans van Workum
- Department of Surgery, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre , Nijmegen , the Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital , Nijmegen , the Netherlands
| | - Camiel Rosman
- Department of Surgery, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre , Nijmegen , the Netherlands
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Noton T, Benshetrit G, Bradley A, Mitchell C. 341 Consenting Practices in Plastic Surgery. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac039.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Informed consent is a vital aspect of safe patient care within any surgical specialty, and if not completed thoroughly, may result in misinformation and patient dissatisfaction.
Traditional paper consent forms are notoriously poorly completed by medical professionals, with common issues ranging from ineligible handwriting, to missing key components of the form.
The aim of this audit was to assess our departments’ compliance with standard trust consent forms and compare adherence to local and national consenting policies.
Method
All elective and emergency plastic surgical procedures carried out over a one-week period from 17/05/2021 to 23/05/2021 were identified using eTrauma and Cerner operative records. In total, 40 procedures were identified. Consent forms were then reviewed and assessed for completion in key areas. 4 procedures were excluded due to the consent form not being available for review, and 1 procedure was excluded due to a cancellation.
Results
The risks and benefits of procedures were generally documented to a high standard. Providing written information to patients, confirmation of consent if the procedure was being performed on a different day, and possible additional procedures were poorly completed throughout. 90% of consent forms screened, failed to include confirmation of the surgical site within the specific section of the form.
Conclusions
Overall, the department demonstrated good compliance with completing trust consent forms. Electronic consent forms would likely address the shortcomings identified in this audit and should be adopted. Continued responsibility from the whole team should be highlighted and maintained to ensure a high standard of consenting.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Noton
- King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - G. Benshetrit
- Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - A. Bradley
- Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - C. Mitchell
- Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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13
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Bradley A, Faulkner J, Jatan A, Stewart C. 61 Use of Ketamine Sedation for the Treatment of Minor Plastic Surgery Procedures in the Paediatric Emergency Department. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac039.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
To determine if ketamine sedation is a safe and cost-effective way of treating paediatric patients presenting with minor injuries, requiring plastic surgery procedures, in the emergency department.
Method
A retrospective cohort study was carried out over a 9-month period in children between ages 18 months and 16 years old, presenting to the paediatric emergency department at Chelsea and Westminster Hospital with minor injuries requiring plastic surgery input. The data collected included previously validated co-primary outcome measures of surgical site infection at 7 days and cosmetic appearance summary score at a minimum of 4 months. Parental satisfaction surveys were completed at 4 months to assess perceived quality of treatment. A cost analysis comparison against procedures completed under general anaesthetic was also undertaken.
Results
During the 9-month period of study, 24 minor procedures were performed under ketamine in the paediatric emergency department. There were no serious adverse events recorded. Three cases exceeded the recommended 20-minute maximum procedure duration, but there was no associated adverse outcome. No cases required further procedures under general anaesthesia and there were no cases of surgical site infections at 7 days. Parents reported extremely favourable outcomes using this technique, with an average overall satisfaction score of 9.2 (assessed over a number of parameters, where 10 is complete satisfaction).
Conclusions
Ketamine procedural sedation in the paediatric population is a safe and cost-effective method for the treatment of minor plastic surgery procedures, with low risk for surgical site infection post-operatively, and high parent satisfaction rates
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Bradley
- University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - J. Faulkner
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - A. Jatan
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - C. Stewart
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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14
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Vu EL, Dunne EC, Bradley A, Zhou A, Carroll MS, Rand CM, Brady KM, Stewart TM, Weese-Mayer DE. Cerebral Autoregulation During Orthostatic Challenge in Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021; 205:340-349. [PMID: 34788206 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202103-0732oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome (CCHS) is a rare autonomic disorder with altered regulation of breathing, heart rate (HR), and blood pressure (BP). Aberrant cerebral oxygenation in response to hypercapnia/hypoxia in CCHS raises concern that altered cerebral autoregulation may contribute to CCHS-related, variably impaired neurodevelopment. OBJECTIVES Evaluate cerebral autoregulation in response to orthostatic challenge in CCHS cases vs. controls. METHODS CCHS and age- and sex-matched control subjects were studied with head-up tilt (HUT) testing to induce orthostatic stress. 50 CCHS and 100 control HUT recordings were included. HR, BP, and cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) were continuously monitored. Cerebral oximetry index (COx), a real-time measure of cerebral autoregulation based on these measures, was calculated. MAIN RESULTS HUT resulted in greater mean BP decrease from baseline in CCHS vs. controls (11% vs. 6%; p<0.05) and a diminished increase in HR in CCHS vs. controls (11% vs. 18%; p<0.01) in the 5 minutes after tilt-up. Despite a similar COx at baseline, orthostatic provocation within 5 minutes of tilt-up caused a 50% greater increase in COx (p<0.01) and a 29% increase in minutes of impaired autoregulation (p<0.02) in CCHS vs. controls (4.0 vs. 3.1 min). CONCLUSIONS Cerebral autoregulatory mechanisms appear intact in CCHS, but the greater hypotension observed in CCHS consequent to orthostatic provocation is associated with greater values of COx/impaired autoregulation when BP is below lower limits of autoregulation. Effects of repeated orthostatic challenges in everyday living in CCHS necessitate further study to determine their influence on neurodevelopmental disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric L Vu
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 12244, Anesthesiology, Chicago, Illinois, United States.,Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 2429, Division of Cardiovascular Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Chicago, Illinois, United States;
| | - Emma C Dunne
- Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 2429, Division of Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Allison Bradley
- Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 2429, Division of Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Amy Zhou
- Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 2429, Division of Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Michael S Carroll
- Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 2429, Data Analytics and Reporting, Chicago, Illinois, United States.,Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 12244, Pediatrics, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Casey M Rand
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, 2430, Chicago, Illinois, United States.,Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 2429, Division of Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Kenneth M Brady
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 12244, Anesthesiology, Chicago, Illinois, United States.,Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 2429, Division of Cardiovascular Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Chicago, Illinois, United States.,Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 12244, Department of Pediatrics, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Tracey M Stewart
- Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 2429, Division of Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Debra E Weese-Mayer
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, 2430, Chicago, Illinois, United States.,Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 2429, Division of Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Chicago, Illinois, United States.,Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 12244, Department of Pediatrics, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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15
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Nicolau S, Vetter T, Bradley A, Frair E, Weiss R, Flanigan K. DMD – CLINICAL CARE. Neuromuscul Disord 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Vetter T, Bradley A, Frair E, Nicolau S, Flanigan K. DMD - BIOMARKERS. Neuromuscul Disord 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Gushchina L, Bradley A, Vetter T, Frair E, Bellinger C, Simmons T, Rohan N, Wein N, Flanigan K. DMD - TREATMENT. Neuromuscul Disord 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Liu C, Kim J, Kwak SS, Hourlier‐Fargette A, Avila R, Vogl J, Tzavelis A, Chung HU, Lee JY, Kim DH, Ryu D, Fields KB, Ciatti JL, Li S, Irie M, Bradley A, Shukla A, Chavez J, Dunne EC, Kim SS, Kim J, Park JB, Jo HH, Kim J, Johnson MC, Kwak JW, Madhvapathy SR, Xu S, Rand CM, Marsillio LE, Hong SJ, Huang Y, Weese‐Mayer DE, Rogers JA. Wireless, Skin‐Interfaced Devices for Pediatric Critical Care: Application to Continuous, Noninvasive Blood Pressure Monitoring (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 17/2021). Adv Healthc Mater 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202170080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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19
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Liu C, Kim J, Kwak SS, Hourlier‐Fargette A, Avila R, Vogl J, Tzavelis A, Chung HU, Lee JY, Kim DH, Ryu D, Fields KB, Ciatti JL, Li S, Irie M, Bradley A, Shukla A, Chavez J, Dunne EC, Kim SS, Kim J, Park JB, Jo HH, Kim J, Johnson MC, Kwak JW, Madhvapathy SR, Xu S, Rand CM, Marsillio LE, Hong SJ, Huang Y, Weese‐Mayer DE, Rogers JA. Wireless, Skin-Interfaced Devices for Pediatric Critical Care: Application to Continuous, Noninvasive Blood Pressure Monitoring. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100383. [PMID: 33938638 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Indwelling arterial lines, the clinical gold standard for continuous blood pressure (BP) monitoring in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), have significant drawbacks due to their invasive nature, ischemic risk, and impediment to natural body movement. A noninvasive, wireless, and accurate alternative would greatly improve the quality of patient care. Recently introduced classes of wireless, skin-interfaced devices offer capabilities in continuous, precise monitoring of physiologic waveforms and vital signs in pediatric and neonatal patients, but have not yet been employed for continuous tracking of systolic and diastolic BP-critical for guiding clinical decision-making in the PICU. The results presented here focus on materials and mechanics that optimize the system-level properties of these devices to enhance their reliable use in this context, achieving full compatibility with the range of body sizes, skin types, and sterilization schemes typically encountered in the PICU. Systematic analysis of the data from these devices on 23 pediatric patients, yields derived, noninvasive BP values that can be quantitatively validated against direct recordings from arterial lines. The results from this diverse cohort, including those under pharmacological protocols, suggest that wireless, skin-interfaced devices can, in certain circumstances of practical utility, accurately and continuously monitor BP in the PICU patient population.
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Marzo-Ortega H, Juanola X, Okano T, Schymura Y, Bradley A, Gerwien J, Monsberger B, Liu Leage S, Aletaha D, Østergaard M. POS0926 NORMALIZATION OF HIGH SENSITIVITY CRP VERSUS CLINICAL RESPONSE TO IXEKIZUMAB AT WEEK 16 IN PATIENTS WITH RADIOGRAPHIC & NON-RADIOGRAPHIC AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS: RESULTS FROM THE COAST STUDIES. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:C-reactive protein (CRP), an objective marker of inflammation, can be used to monitor treatment response to biologics in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) in addition to evaluating signs & symptoms. CRP is not elevated in all patients with active axSpA questioning its validity as a universal biomarker of response. Ixekizumab (IXE) demonstrated efficacy in axSpA treatment irrespective of baseline (BL) CRP levels. However, response to IXE categorized on CRP change from BL is unknown.Objectives:To evaluate response to IXE treatment from BL through week (wk) 16 in patients with axSpA categorized according to change in high sensitivity (hs) CRP.Methods:COAST-V (NCT 02696785),-W (NCT02696798), & -X (NCT02757352), were phase 3, multicentre, randomized, controlled trials, investigating the efficacy of IXE 80 mg every 4 & 2 wks in patients with: r-axSpA naïve to biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs; COAST-V); or who were inadequate responders/intolerant to tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi; COAST-W); or who fulfilled Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS) criteria for non-radiographic (nr)axSpA (COAST-X).This post hoc analysis focuses on approved dosing regimens. Depending on BL and wk 16 hsCRP values, patients were categorised as stable low (hsCRP ≤5 mg/L at BL & ≤5 mg/L at wk 16), normalized (hsCRP >5 mg/L at BL & ≤5 mg/L at wk 16) or elevated (hsCRP >5 mg/L at wk 16, irrespective of BL hsCRP). An absolute cutoff of 5 mg/L was used as the stratification factor in all COAST studies. Data were analyzed by treatment arm. Each trial was analyzed separately.For hsCRP subgroups, patient demographics & other characteristics at BL, as well as trajectory over time for the endpoints ASAS40 & Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) 50 are described. Non-responder imputation was used for missing values.Results:In all studies at BL, disease activity & MRI SPARCC score were higher in normalized & elevated subgroups compared to the stable low subgroup - a.In COAST-V, ASAS40 & BASDAI50 response was observed in IXE-treated patients regardless of hsCRP change status by wk 16 vs placebo. The highest ASAS40 & BASDAI50 response rate was reported in patients with normalized hsCRP - b. Similar findings were observed in COAST-W & -X.Table 1.Baseline Patient demographics & other characteristics - ITT population, per CRP subgroupCOAST-V(r-axSpA, bDMARD naive)COAST-W(r-axSpA, inadequate responders /intolerant to TNFi)COAST-X(non-radiographic axSpA, bDMARD naïve)Stable low (n=79)Norma-lized (n=80)Elevated (n=98)Stable low(n=58)Norma-lized (n=34)Elevated (n=126)Stable low (n=78)Norma-lized(n=40)Elevated (n=81)ParameterAge (years)43.7 (12.1)38.9 (10.9)42.7 (12.0)50.4 (13.3)46.1 (13.8)45.7 (12.5)44.0 (12.8)37.2 (14.6)38.7 (12.8)Male gender, n (%)63 (79.7)71.0 (88.8)78 (79.6)39.0 (67.2)30 (88.2)109 (86.5)35 (44.9)23 (57.5)34 (42)Duration of symptoms since axSpA onset (years)17.5 (11.2)14.4 (9.3)16.1 (9.9)21.7 (12.9)16.8 (11.6)18.9 (10.9)12.1 (9.9)10.3 (9.7)9.5 (9.0)HLA-B27 positive, n (%)69 (87.3)75.0 (93.8)89 (90.8)31.0 (91.2)101 (80.2)101 (80.2)48 (61.5)31 (77.5)67 (82.7)BASDAI Total Score6.5 (1.4)6.7 (1.5)7.0 (1.1)7.4 (1.5)7.3 (1.3)7.4 (1.3)6.9 (1.5)7.1 (1.6)7.2 (1.5)ASDAS Total Score3.1 (0.5)3.9 (0.6)4.2 (0.7)3.5 (0.6)4.3 (0.6)4.4 (0.8)3.2 (0.6)4.2 (0.8)4.2 (0.9)Spinal Pain due to AS7.0 (1.5)7.0 (1.5)7.5 (1.3)7.8 (1.5)7.7 (1.5)7.9 (1.4)7.2 (1.7)7.5 (1.7)7.5 (1.6)Patients with peripheral articular manifestations (>=1 TJC or >=1 SJC)47 (59.5)40 (50)62 (63.3)43 (74.1)24 (70.6)86 (68.3)56 (71.8)33 (82.5)66 (81.5)MRI Spine SPARCC ScoreMRI SIJ SPARCC ScoreMRI SPARCC Score6.7 (11.2)21.8 (27.3)20.7 (25.7)1.2 (2.3)7.0 (7.6)10.4 (17.0)5.2 (6.6)6.1 (8.2)6.2 (10.5)Conclusion:IXE reduced clinical disease activity in patients with axSpA irrespective of hsCRP change from BL to wk 16. Improvement in hsCRP level was associated with overall response rates.Acknowledgements:The authors would like to acknowledge Philana Fernandes, an employee of Eli Lilly and Company, for her for writing and editorial support.Disclosure of Interests:Helena Marzo-Ortega Consultant of: Celgene, Janssen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB, Grant/research support from: Janssen, Novartis, Xavier Juanola: None declared, Tadashi Okano Speakers bureau: Asahi Kasei, Astellas, Abbvie, Ayumi, Chugai, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Novartis, Ono, Pfizer, Sanofi and Takeda, Grant/research support from: Asahi Kasei, Abbvie, Chugai, Eisai, Yves Schymura Employee of: Eli Lilly, Andrew Bradley Shareholder of: Eli Lilly, Employee of: Eli Lilly, Jens Gerwien Shareholder of: Eli Lilly, Employee of: Eli Lilly, Brigitte Monsberger Shareholder of: Eli Lilly, Employee of: Eli Lilly, Soyi Liu Leage Employee of: Eli Lilly, Daniel Aletaha Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Amgen, Celgene, Lilly, Medac, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi/Genzyme, Grant/research support from: Abbvie, Lilly, Novartis, Roche, Mikkel Østergaard Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Celgene, Eli-Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi and UCB, Consultant of: Abbvie, BMS, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Celgene, Eli-Lilly, Hospira, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Novo, Orion, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi and UCB, Grant/research support from: Abbvie, BMS, Merck, Celgene, Novartis
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Lee L, MacLeod A, Bradley A. 450 Retrospective Analysis of Surgical Clerk-Ins Within the Acute Receiving Unit: A Quality Improvement Project. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Accurate patient documentation at the ARU is vital to patient safety and ensuring smooth handovers to secondary care services. Because the nature of surgical treatment requires frequent patient handovers, and this increases the risk of miscommunication, we aimed to assess the quality of surgical clerk-ins and identify areas for improvement.
Method
Emergency admissions at the Dumfries Galloway Royal Infirmary were audited, looking at documentation quality under various clerk-in sections. Data was analysed before presentation to clinical governance.
Results
When 46 patient clerk-ins were examined, venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis plans were performed in only 24% of admissions - less than 1 in 4 patients.
Comparing out-of-hours and in-hours patient documentation, much higher omission rates were identified in the out-of-hours documentation: in systemic enquiry (42 vs 100%) and family history (31% vs 66%).
Conclusions
These results brought to attention the effect of hospital admission timing on patient documentation quality, and the lack of VTE prophylaxis planning. In surgery, these plans are key to minimising risk of avoidable thromboembolic complications.
A departmental meeting was convened to stress the importance of accurate and comprehensive clerk-ins to ARU doctors. Future audits could explore the factors influencing documentation quality for out-of-hours admissions, and ways to address these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lee
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A MacLeod
- Dumfries and Galloway Royal Infirmary, Dumfries, United Kingdom
| | - A Bradley
- Dumfries and Galloway Royal Infirmary, Dumfries, United Kingdom
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22
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Vogl JL, Dunne EC, Liu C, Bradley A, Rwei A, Lonergan EK, Hopkins BS, Kwak SS, Simon CD, Rand CM, Rogers JA, Weese-Mayer DE, Garfield CF. Kangaroo father care: A pilot feasibility study of physiologic, biologic, and psychosocial measures to capture the effects of father-infant and mother-infant skin-to-skin contact in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63:1521-1533. [PMID: 33521969 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Robust literature supports the positive effects of kangaroo mother care (KMC) on infant physiologic stability and parent-infant bonding in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Comparatively little is known about kangaroo father care (KFC) in the NICU, and KFC implementation has been limited. Our pilot feasibility study objective was to examine KFC effects on premature infants and fathers as compared to KMC. Parents of preterm NICU infants independently completed a 90-min Kangaroo Care (KC) session on consecutive days. Infant heart rate variability (HRV) and apnea/periodicity measures were compared (pre-KC to KC; KFC to KMC). Additionally, we assessed the feasibility of administering three psychosocial questionnaires to fathers and mothers in the NICU and after discharge. Ten preterm infants completed 20 KC sessions (334/7 -374/7 weeks post-menstrual age). Results demonstrated similar infant physiologic responses between KMC and KFC, including significant differences in measures of HRV (p < .05) between KC and non-KC periods. Eighty-eight percentage of questionnaires administered were completed, supporting the utilization of these instruments in future research of this population. If confirmed, these preliminary results identify an opportunity to objectively assess KFC effects, supporting the development of empirically based KFC programs benefitting NICU families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Vogl
- Division of Pediatric Autonomic Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Emma C Dunne
- Division of Pediatric Autonomic Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Claire Liu
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Allison Bradley
- Division of Pediatric Autonomic Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alina Rwei
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Erin K Lonergan
- Division of Pediatric Autonomic Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bradley S Hopkins
- Division of Pediatric Autonomic Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sung Soo Kwak
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Clarissa D Simon
- Family and Child Health Innovations Program, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Casey M Rand
- Division of Pediatric Autonomic Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John A Rogers
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Debra E Weese-Mayer
- Division of Pediatric Autonomic Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Craig F Garfield
- Family and Child Health Innovations Program, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Hospital Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Chicago, IL, USA
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23
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Gushchina L, Frair E, Rohan N, Bradley A, Simmons T, Chavan H, Waldrop M, Wein N, Flanigan K. DMD – ANIMAL MODELS & PRECLINICAL TREATMENT. Neuromuscul Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.08.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Chung HU, Rwei AY, Hourlier-Fargette A, Xu S, Lee K, Dunne EC, Xie Z, Liu C, Carlini A, Kim DH, Ryu D, Kulikova E, Cao J, Odland IC, Fields KB, Hopkins B, Banks A, Ogle C, Grande D, Park JB, Kim J, Irie M, Jang H, Lee J, Park Y, Kim J, Jo HH, Hahm H, Avila R, Xu Y, Namkoong M, Kwak JW, Suen E, Paulus MA, Kim RJ, Parsons BV, Human KA, Kim SS, Patel M, Reuther W, Kim HS, Lee SH, Leedle JD, Yun Y, Rigali S, Son T, Jung I, Arafa H, Soundararajan VR, Ollech A, Shukla A, Bradley A, Schau M, Rand CM, Marsillio LE, Harris ZL, Huang Y, Hamvas A, Paller AS, Weese-Mayer DE, Lee JY, Rogers JA. Skin-interfaced biosensors for advanced wireless physiological monitoring in neonatal and pediatric intensive-care units. Nat Med 2020; 26:418-429. [PMID: 32161411 PMCID: PMC7315772 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-0792-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Standard of care management in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units (NICUs and PICUs) involve continuous monitoring of vital signs with hard-wired devices that adhere to the skin and, in certain instances, include catheter-loaded pressure sensors that insert into the arteries. These protocols involve risks for complications and impediments to clinical care and skin-to-skin contact between parent and child. Here we present a wireless, non-invasive technology that not only offers measurement equivalency to these management standards but also supports a range of important additional features (without limitations or shortcomings of existing approaches), supported by data from pilot clinical studies in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and pediatric ICU (PICU). The combined capabilities of these platforms extend beyond clinical quality measurements of vital signs (heart rate, respiration rate, temperature and blood oxygenation) to include novel modalities for (1) tracking movements and changes in body orientation, (2) quantifying the physiological benefits of skin-to-skin care (e.g. Kangaroo care) for neonates, (3) capturing acoustic signatures of cardiac activity by directly measuring mechanical vibrations generated through the skin on the chest, (4) recording vocal biomarkers associated with tonality and temporal characteristics of crying impervious to confounding ambient noise, and (5) monitoring a reliable surrogate for systolic blood pressure. The results have potential to significantly enhance the quality of neonatal and pediatric critical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Uk Chung
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Alina Y Rwei
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Aurélie Hourlier-Fargette
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Shuai Xu
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - KunHyuck Lee
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Emma C Dunne
- Division of Pediatric Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhaoqian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Claire Liu
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Andrea Carlini
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Dennis Ryu
- Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Sibel Inc, Evanston, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Ian C Odland
- Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Kelsey B Fields
- Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Brad Hopkins
- Division of Pediatric Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anthony Banks
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Christopher Ogle
- Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Dominic Grande
- Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jun Bin Park
- Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jongwon Kim
- Photo-Electronic Hybrids Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Masahiro Irie
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Hokyung Jang
- Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Yerim Park
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jungwoo Kim
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Han Heul Jo
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Hyoungjo Hahm
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Raudel Avila
- Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Yeshou Xu
- Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Key Laboratory of C&PC Structures of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Myeong Namkoong
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jean Won Kwak
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Emily Suen
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Max A Paulus
- Department of Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Robin J Kim
- Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Blake V Parsons
- Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Kelia A Human
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Seung Sik Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Manish Patel
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Sibel Inc, Evanston, IL, USA.,University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - William Reuther
- Department of Graphic Design and Industrial Design at North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Hyun Soo Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Sung Hoon Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Yeojeong Yun
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Taeyoung Son
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Inhwa Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Hany Arafa
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Vinaya R Soundararajan
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ayelet Ollech
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Avani Shukla
- Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Allison Bradley
- Division of Pediatric Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Molly Schau
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Casey M Rand
- Division of Pediatric Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lauren E Marsillio
- Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zena L Harris
- Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yonggang Huang
- Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Aaron Hamvas
- Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amy S Paller
- Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Debra E Weese-Mayer
- Division of Pediatric Autonomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Jong Yoon Lee
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Sibel Inc, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - John A Rogers
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Center for Bio-integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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25
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Opotowsky AR, Valente AM, Alshawabkeh L, Cheng S, Bradley A, Rimm EB, Landzberg MJ. Prospective cohort study of C-reactive protein as a predictor of clinical events in adults with congenital heart disease: results of the Boston adult congenital heart disease biobank. Eur Heart J 2019; 39:3253-3261. [PMID: 30010900 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Despite the well-defined association of high-sensitivity hsCRP with cardiovascular outcomes in apparently healthy adults and those with acquired heart disease, the relevance of this inflammatory marker in adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) remains unclear. We aimed to examine the clinical correlates and prognostic value of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in ACHD. Methods and results We conducted a prospective cohort study of (n = 707) outpatient ACHD (age 39 ± 14 years, 49% women), enrolled mainly at a referral centre, who had serum hsCRP measured in conjunction with a clinical assessment between 2012 and 2016. We analysed clinical correlates of hsCRP and its association with adverse events including the primary combined outcome of all-cause mortality or non-elective cardiovascular hospitalization. Higher hsCRP was strongly associated with measures of functional status including New York Heart Association class and peak V̇O2, and with comorbidities such as atrial arrhythmia. During average follow-up of 815 ± 536 days, 114 patients (16%) experienced the primary outcome, including 29 deaths. Having elevated hsCRP, in the highest (≥2.98 mg/L) compared with the lower three quartiles, conferred increased risk for the primary outcome [30.5% vs. 11.3%, adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 2.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.35-2.97; P = 0.0006] and all-cause mortality (11.9% vs. 1.5%, adjusted HR = 4.23, 95% CI 1.87-9.59; P = 0.0006). Elevated hsCRP was associated with adverse outcomes across ACHD subgroups and other patient characteristics. Conclusion Adults with congenital heart disease with elevated hsCRP have not only worse functional status and exercise capacity, but also greater risk for death or non-elective cardiovascular hospitalization. Further study is warranted to characterize the role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of ACHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R Opotowsky
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anne Marie Valente
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laith Alshawabkeh
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 200 West Arbor Drive, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Susan Cheng
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA.,Framingham Heart Study, 73 Mount Wayte Avenue, Suite 2, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Allison Bradley
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric B Rimm
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue Boston, MA, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael J Landzberg
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA
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26
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Mawer D, Byrne F, Drake S, Brown C, Prescott A, Warne B, Bousfield R, Skittrall JP, Ramsay I, Somasunderam D, Bevan M, Coslett J, Rao J, Stanley P, Kennedy A, Dobson R, Long S, Obisanya T, Esmailji T, Petridou C, Saeed K, Brechany K, Davis-Blue K, O'Horan H, Wake B, Martin J, Featherstone J, Hall C, Allen J, Johnson G, Hornigold C, Amir N, Henderson K, McClements C, Liew I, Deshpande A, Vink E, Trigg D, Guilfoyle J, Scarborough M, Scarborough C, Wong THN, Walker T, Fawcett N, Morris G, Tomlin K, Grix C, O'Cofaigh E, McCaffrey D, Cooper M, Corbett K, French K, Harper S, Hayward C, Reid M, Whatley V, Winfield J, Hoque S, Kelly L, King I, Bradley A, McCullagh B, Hibberd C, Merron M, McCabe C, Horridge S, Taylor J, Koo S, Elsanousi F, Saunders R, Lim F, Bond A, Stone S, Milligan ID, Mack DJF, Nagar A, West RM, Wilcox MH, Kirby A, Sandoe JAT. Cross-sectional study of the prevalence, causes and management of hospital-onset diarrhoea. J Hosp Infect 2019; 103:200-209. [PMID: 31077777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The National Health Service in England advises hospitals collect data on hospital-onset diarrhoea (HOD). Contemporaneous data on HOD are lacking. AIM To investigate prevalence, aetiology and management of HOD on medical, surgical and elderly-care wards. METHODS A cross-sectional study in a volunteer sample of UK hospitals, which collected data on one winter and one summer day in 2016. Patients admitted ≥72 h were screened for HOD (definition: ≥2 episodes of Bristol Stool Type 5-7 the day before the study, with diarrhoea onset >48 h after admission). Data on HOD aetiology and management were collected prospectively. FINDINGS Data were collected on 141 wards in 32 hospitals (16 acute, 16 teaching). Point-prevalence of HOD was 4.5% (230/5142 patients; 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.9-5.0%). Teaching hospital HOD prevalence (5.9%, 95% CI 5.1-6.9%) was twice that of acute hospitals (2.8%, 95% CI 2.1-3.5%; odds ratio 2.2, 95% CI 1.7-3.0). At least one potential cause was identified in 222/230 patients (97%): 107 (47%) had a relevant underlying condition, 125 (54%) were taking antimicrobials, and 195 (85%) other medication known to cause diarrhoea. Nine of 75 tested patients were Clostridium difficile toxin positive (4%). Eighty (35%) patients had a documented medical assessment of diarrhoea. Documentation of HOD in medical notes correlated with testing for C. difficile (78% of those tested vs 38% not tested, P<0.001). One-hundred and forty-four (63%) patients were not isolated following diarrhoea onset. CONCLUSION HOD is a prevalent symptom affecting thousands of patients across the UK health system each day. Most patients had multiple potential causes of HOD, mainly iatrogenic, but only a third had medical assessment. Most were not tested for C. difficile and were not isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Mawer
- Department of Microbiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK.
| | - F Byrne
- Department of Microbiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - S Drake
- Department of Microbiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - C Brown
- Department of Microbiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - A Prescott
- Department of Microbiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - B Warne
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - R Bousfield
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - J P Skittrall
- Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Papworth Everard, Cambridge, CB23 3RE, UK
| | - I Ramsay
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - D Somasunderam
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - M Bevan
- Department of Infection Prevention, Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, NP20 2UB, UK
| | - J Coslett
- Department of Infection Prevention, Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, NP20 2UB, UK
| | - J Rao
- Department of Microbiology, Barnsley Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Barnsley, S75 2EP, UK
| | - P Stanley
- Infection Prevention and Control, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - A Kennedy
- Infection Prevention and Control, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - R Dobson
- Infection Prevention and Control, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - S Long
- Department of Microbiology, East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Blackburn, BB2 3HH, UK
| | - T Obisanya
- Department of Microbiology, East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Blackburn, BB2 3HH, UK
| | - T Esmailji
- Department of Microbiology, East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Blackburn, BB2 3HH, UK
| | - C Petridou
- Department of Microbiology, Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester, SO22 5DG, UK
| | - K Saeed
- Department of Microbiology, Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester, SO22 5DG, UK
| | - K Brechany
- Department of Microbiology, Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester, SO22 5DG, UK
| | - K Davis-Blue
- Department of Microbiology, Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester, SO22 5DG, UK
| | - H O'Horan
- Department of Microbiology, Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester, SO22 5DG, UK
| | - B Wake
- Department of Microbiology, Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Winchester, SO22 5DG, UK
| | - J Martin
- Department of Microbiology, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate, HG2 7SX, UK
| | - J Featherstone
- Department of Microbiology, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate, HG2 7SX, UK
| | - C Hall
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, HU3 2JZ, UK
| | - J Allen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, HU3 2JZ, UK
| | - G Johnson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, HU3 2JZ, UK
| | - C Hornigold
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, HU3 2JZ, UK
| | - N Amir
- Department of Microbiology, Mid Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Wakefield, WF1 4DG, UK
| | - K Henderson
- Inverclyde Royal Hospital, Greenock, PA16 0XN, UK
| | - C McClements
- Inverclyde Royal Hospital, Greenock, PA16 0XN, UK
| | - I Liew
- Inverclyde Royal Hospital, Greenock, PA16 0XN, UK
| | - A Deshpande
- Department of Microbiology, Inverclyde Royal Hospital, Greenock, PA16 0XN, UK
| | - E Vink
- Department of Microbiology, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA, UK
| | - D Trigg
- Department of Infection Prevention & Control, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - J Guilfoyle
- Department of Infection Prevention & Control, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - M Scarborough
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - C Scarborough
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - T H N Wong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - T Walker
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - N Fawcett
- Department of Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - G Morris
- Department of Microbiology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK
| | - K Tomlin
- Department of Infection Prevention & Control, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK
| | - C Grix
- Department of Infection Prevention & Control, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK
| | - E O'Cofaigh
- Department of Medicine, Friarage Hospital, South Tees Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Northallerton, DL6 1JG, UK
| | - D McCaffrey
- Department of Infection Prevention & Control, James Cook University Hospital, South Tees Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesborough, TS4 3BW, UK
| | - M Cooper
- Department of Microbiology, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, WV10 0QP, UK
| | - K Corbett
- Department of Infection Prevention & Control, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, WV10 0QP, UK
| | - K French
- Department of Microbiology, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, WV10 0QP, UK
| | - S Harper
- Department of Infection Prevention & Control, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, WV10 0QP, UK
| | - C Hayward
- Department of Infection Prevention & Control, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, WV10 0QP, UK
| | - M Reid
- Department of Infection Prevention & Control, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, WV10 0QP, UK
| | - V Whatley
- Corporate Support Services, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, WV10 0QP, UK
| | - J Winfield
- Department of Infection Prevention & Control, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, WV10 0QP, UK
| | - S Hoque
- Department of Microbiology, Torbay and South Devon Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, TQ2 7AA, UK
| | - L Kelly
- Department of Infection Prevention & Control, Torbay and South Devon Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Torquay, TQ2 7AA, UK
| | - I King
- Department of Infection Prevention & Control, Ulster Hospital, South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, BT16 1RH, UK
| | - A Bradley
- Department of Infection Prevention & Control, Ulster Hospital, South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, BT16 1RH, UK
| | - B McCullagh
- Pharmacy Department, Ulster Hospital, South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, BT16 1RH, UK
| | - C Hibberd
- Pharmacy Department, Ulster Hospital, South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, BT16 1RH, UK
| | - M Merron
- Department of Infection Prevention & Control, Ulster Hospital, South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, BT16 1RH, UK
| | - C McCabe
- Department of Infection Prevention & Control, Ulster Hospital, South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, BT16 1RH, UK
| | - S Horridge
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital Coventry, University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire, Warwick, CV2 2DX, UK
| | - J Taylor
- Department of Virology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Coventry, University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire, Warwick, CV2 2DX, UK
| | - S Koo
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, LE1 5WW, UK
| | - F Elsanousi
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, LE1 5WW, UK
| | - R Saunders
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, LE1 5WW, UK
| | - F Lim
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, LE1 5WW, UK
| | - A Bond
- Department of Microbiology, York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, York, YO31 8HE, UK
| | - S Stone
- Royal Free Campus, University College Medical School, London, NW3 2QG, UK
| | - I D Milligan
- Department of Microbiology, Royal Free Hospital, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, NW3 2QG, UK
| | - D J F Mack
- Department of Microbiology, Royal Free Hospital, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, NW3 2QG, UK
| | - A Nagar
- Department of Microbiology, Antrim Area Hospital, Northern Health and Social Care Trust, Bush Road, Antrim, BT41 2RL, UK
| | - R M West
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - M H Wilcox
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - A Kirby
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - J A T Sandoe
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
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Winston M, Zhou A, Rand CM, Dunne EC, Warner JJ, Volpe LJ, Pigneri BA, Simon D, Bielawiec T, Gordon SC, Vitez SF, Charnay A, Joza S, Kelly K, Panicker C, Rizvydeen S, Niewijk G, Coleman C, Scher BJ, Reed DW, Hockney SM, Buniao G, Stewart T, Trojanowski L, Brogadir C, Price M, Kenny AS, Bradley A, Volpe NJ, Weese-Mayer DE. Pupillometry measures of autonomic nervous system regulation with advancing age in a healthy pediatric cohort. Clin Auton Res 2019; 30:43-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s10286-019-00639-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Gordon SJ, Grimmer K, Bradley A, Direen T, Baker N, Marin T, Kelly MT, Gardner S, Steffens M, Burgess T, Hume C, Oliffe JL. Health assessments and screening tools for adults experiencing homelessness: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:994. [PMID: 31340786 PMCID: PMC6657068 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7234-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Homelessness is increasing globally. It results in poorer physical and mental health than age matched people living in permanent housing. Better information on the health needs of people experiencing homelessness is needed to inform effective resourcing, planning and service delivery by government and care organisations. The aim of this review was to identify assessment tools that are valid, reliable and appropriate to measure the health status of people who are homeless. Methods Data sources: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed (and Medline), PsychInfo, Scopus, CINAHL and ERIC from database inception until September 2018. Key words used were homeless, homelessness, homeless persons, vagrancy, health status, health, health issues, health assessment and health screening. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO. The National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) hierarchy of evidence was applied; methodological quality of included articles was assessed using the McMaster critical appraisal tools and psychometric properties of the tools were appraised using the International Centre for Allied Health Evidence Ready Reckoner. Results Diverse tools and measures (N = 71) were administered within, and across the reviewed studies (N = 37), with the main focus being on general health, oral health and nutrition. Eleven assessment tools in 13 studies had evidence of appropriate psychometric testing for the target population in domains of quality of life and health status, injury, substance use, mental health, psychological and cognitive function. Methodological quality of articles and tools were assessed as moderate to good. No validated tools were identified to assess oral health, chronic conditions, anthropometry, demography, nutrition, continence, functional decline and frailty, or vision and hearing. However, assessments of physical constructs (such as oral health, anthropometry, vision and hearing) could be applied to homeless people on a presumption of validity, because the constructs would be measured with clinical indicators in the same manner as people living in permanent dwellings. Conclusions This review highlighted the need to develop consistent and comprehensive health assessment tools validated with, and tailored for, adults experiencing homelessness. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-019-7234-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Gordon
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042.
| | - K Grimmer
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042.,Division of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch Uni, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - A Bradley
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042
| | - T Direen
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042
| | - N Baker
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042
| | - T Marin
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042
| | - M T Kelly
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - S Gardner
- Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000
| | - M Steffens
- Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000
| | - T Burgess
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000
| | - C Hume
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000
| | - J L Oliffe
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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29
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Wang W, Blackwood J, Magliozzi R, Moraes L, Fane-Dremucheva A, Camacho A, Wood A, Grimshaw B, Jenkins B, Craig H, Galson J, Liu H, Gamand L, Badiali L, Billaud M, England N, Thomas P, Wong V, Germaschewski V, Bradley A, Lee EC. PF338 DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMISATION OF A FULLY HUMAN FVIII MIMETIC BISPECIFIC ANTIBODY FOR PATIENTS WITH HAEMOPHILIA A. Hemasphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1097/01.hs9.0000559564.89454.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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30
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Vashistha H, Marrero L, Reiss K, Cohen AJ, Malhotra A, Javed T, Bradley A, Abbruscato F, Giusti S, Jimenez A, Mehra S, Kaushal D, Giorgio M, Pelicci PG, Kakoki M, Singhal PC, Bunnell B, Meggs LG. Aging phenotype(s) in kidneys of diabetic mice are p66ShcA dependent. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018; 315:F1833-F1842. [PMID: 30207172 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00608.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The p66ShcA protein controls cellular responses to oxidative stress, senescence, and apoptosis. Here, we test the hypothesis that aging phenotype(s) commonly associated with the broad category of chronic kidney disease are accelerated in diabetic kidneys and linked to the p66ShcA locus. At the organ level, tissue stem cells antagonize senescent phenotypes by replacing old dysfunctional cells. Using established methods, we isolated a highly purified population of stem cell antigen-1-positive mesenchymal stem cells (Sca-1+ MSCs) from kidneys of wild-type (WT) and p66 knockout (p66 KO) mice. Cells were plated in culture medium containing normal glucose (NG) or high glucose (HG). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism was substantially increased in WT MSCs in HG medium in association with increased cell death by apoptosis and acquisition of the senescent phenotype. DNA microarray analysis detected striking differences in the expression profiles of WT and p66 KO-MSCs in HG medium. Unexpectedly, the analysis for p66 KO-MSCs revealed upregulation of Wnt genes implicated in self-renewal and differentiation. To test the in vivo consequences of constitutive p66 expression in diabetic kidneys, we crossed the Akita diabetic mouse with the p66KO mouse. Homozygous mutation at the p66 locus delays or prevents aging phenotype(s) in the kidney that may be precursors to diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Vashistha
- Institute of Translational Research, Ochsner Health System , New Orleans, Louisiana.,Neurological Cancer Research, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - L Marrero
- Neurological Cancer Research, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - K Reiss
- Neurological Cancer Research, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - A J Cohen
- Institute of Translational Research, Ochsner Health System , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - A Malhotra
- Immunology and Inflammation Center, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research and Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Manhasset, New York, New York
| | - T Javed
- Institute of Translational Research, Ochsner Health System , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - A Bradley
- Institute of Translational Research, Ochsner Health System , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - F Abbruscato
- Institute of Translational Research, Ochsner Health System , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - S Giusti
- Institute of Translational Research, Ochsner Health System , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - A Jimenez
- Institute of Translational Research, Ochsner Health System , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - S Mehra
- Department of Microbiology, Tulane Primate Center, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - D Kaushal
- Department of Microbiology, Tulane Primate Center, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - M Giorgio
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan , Italy
| | - P G Pelicci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan , Italy
| | - M Kakoki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - P C Singhal
- Immunology and Inflammation Center, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research and Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra-Northwell, Manhasset, New York, New York
| | - B Bunnell
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - L G Meggs
- Institute of Translational Research, Ochsner Health System , New Orleans, Louisiana.,Neurological Cancer Research, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
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31
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Mason-Roberts S, Bradley A, Karatzias T, Brown M, Paterson D, Walley R, Truesdale M, Taggart L, Sirisena C. Multiple traumatisation and subsequent psychopathology in people with intellectual disabilities and DSM-5 PTSD: a preliminary study. J Intellect Disabil Res 2018; 62:730-736. [PMID: 29856097 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with intellectual disability (ID) are at greater risk of exposure to traumatic life events compared with the non-ID population. Yet no study to date has examined the role of multiple traumatisation and subsequent psychopathology in people with ID. The aim of this study was to explore the association between multiple traumatisation and subsequent mental health. METHODS A preliminary cross-sectional study involving 33 participants with DSM-5 post-traumatic stress disorder completed self-report questionnaires on exposure to traumatic life events and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, anxiety, depression and general distress. RESULTS A proportion of 42.4% of the sample reported multiple traumatisation, including exposure to life events in both childhood and adulthood. Those who reported exposure to life events in childhood and adulthood reported significantly higher risk of harm, depression and general psychological distress compared with those who reported exposure to life events only in adulthood. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary results indicate that more severe psychopathology is associated with multiple traumatisation in childhood and adulthood compared with trauma experienced solely in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mason-Roberts
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A Bradley
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - T Karatzias
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
- Rivers Centre for Traumatic Stress, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M Brown
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - D Paterson
- Learning Disability Service, NHS Ayrshire & Arran, Crosshouse, UK
| | - R Walley
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M Truesdale
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - L Taggart
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Jordanstown, Newtownabbey, UK
| | - C Sirisena
- Learning Disability Service, NHS Borders, Newstead, UK
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Bradley A, Nicklin S, Cameron E, Loughrey C. Runx1 deficiency preserves LV systolic function post-MI in the chronic stages of MI in mice with large infarcts. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.05.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Abstract
Macrorhabdus ornithogaster ( M. ornithogaster) is an anamorphic ascomycetous yeast found only in the stomach of birds. Infection is often benign but has also been associated with disease in some species of birds under some circumstances. In vitro efforts to grow M. ornithogaster have been largely unsuccessful. In this report, multiple liquid and solid media of varying pH, sugar concentration, and fetal bovine serum (FBS) concentrations, incubated at various temperatures in room air or microaerophilic conditions, were examined for their ability to support the growth of M. ornithogaster, obtained from a budgerigar ( Melopsittacus undulatus). Optimum growth conditions were found to be Basal Medium Eagle's, pH 3 to 4, containing 20% FBS, and 5% glucose or sucrose under microaerophilic conditions at 42°C. Using these conditions, M. ornithogaster was repeatedly passaged without loss of viability. Polyclonal isolates of M. ornithogaster consistently assimilated glucose, sucrose, and trehalose. M. ornithogaster did not grow with prolonged exposure to atmospheric oxygen, but growth in microaerophilic conditions was moderately enhanced by preincubation with atmospheric oxygen for 24 hours. An isolate of M. ornithogaster was found to be infective to day-old chickens, reduce their rate of weight gain, and induce a mild to moderate heterophilic inflammation of the isthmus. M. ornithogaster was reisolated from the chicks 7 days after infection, fulfilling Koch's postulates. A 761-bp sequence of 18S rDNA from this isolate was compared to the originally reported M. ornithogaster sequence and was found to be 97% identical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuko Hannafusa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Animal Health, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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35
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Jilcott Pitts SB, Graham J, Mojica A, Stewart L, Walter M, Schille C, McGinty J, Pearsall M, Whitt O, Mihas P, Bradley A, Simon C. Implementing healthier foodservice guidelines in hospital and federal worksite cafeterias: barriers, facilitators and keys to success. J Hum Nutr Diet 2016; 29:677-686. [DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Graham
- North Carolina Institute for Public Health; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - A. Mojica
- Public Health Executive Leadership Program; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - L. Stewart
- Department of Nutrition; North Carolina Institute for Public Health; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - M. Walter
- Department of Nutrition; North Carolina Institute for Public Health; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - C. Schille
- Department of Nutrition; North Carolina Institute for Public Health; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - J. McGinty
- Department of Nutrition; North Carolina Institute for Public Health; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - M. Pearsall
- Department of Nutrition; North Carolina Institute for Public Health; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - O. Whitt
- Department of Public Health; East Carolina University; Greenville NC USA
| | - P. Mihas
- Odum Institute; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - A. Bradley
- Partnership for a Healthier America; Washington DC USA
| | - C. Simon
- Partnership for a Healthier America; Washington DC USA
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36
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Akerib DS, Araújo HM, Bai X, Bailey AJ, Balajthy J, Beltrame P, Bernard EP, Bernstein A, Biesiadzinski TP, Boulton EM, Bradley A, Bramante R, Cahn SB, Carmona-Benitez MC, Chan C, Chapman JJ, Chiller AA, Chiller C, Currie A, Cutter JE, Davison TJR, de Viveiros L, Dobi A, Dobson JEY, Druszkiewicz E, Edwards BN, Faham CH, Fiorucci S, Gaitskell RJ, Gehman VM, Ghag C, Gibson KR, Gilchriese MGD, Hall CR, Hanhardt M, Haselschwardt SJ, Hertel SA, Hogan DP, Horn M, Huang DQ, Ignarra CM, Ihm M, Jacobsen RG, Ji W, Kazkaz K, Khaitan D, Knoche R, Larsen NA, Lee C, Lenardo BG, Lesko KT, Lindote A, Lopes MI, Malling DC, Manalaysay A, Mannino RL, Marzioni MF, McKinsey DN, Mei DM, Mock J, Moongweluwan M, Morad JA, Murphy ASJ, Nehrkorn C, Nelson HN, Neves F, O'Sullivan K, Oliver-Mallory KC, Ott RA, Palladino KJ, Pangilinan M, Pease EK, Phelps P, Reichhart L, Rhyne C, Shaw S, Shutt TA, Silva C, Solovov VN, Sorensen P, Stephenson S, Sumner TJ, Szydagis M, Taylor DJ, Taylor W, Tennyson BP, Terman PA, Tiedt DR, To WH, Tripathi M, Tvrznikova L, Uvarov S, Verbus JR, Webb RC, White JT, Whitis TJ, Witherell MS, Wolfs FLH, Yazdani K, Young SK, Zhang C. Results on the Spin-Dependent Scattering of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles on Nucleons from the Run 3 Data of the LUX Experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:161302. [PMID: 27152786 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.161302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present experimental constraints on the spin-dependent WIMP (weakly interacting massive particle)-nucleon elastic cross sections from LUX data acquired in 2013. LUX is a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (Lead, South Dakota), which is designed to observe the recoil signature of galactic WIMPs scattering from xenon nuclei. A profile likelihood ratio analysis of 1.4×10^{4} kg day of fiducial exposure allows 90% C.L. upper limits to be set on the WIMP-neutron (WIMP-proton) cross section of σ_{n}=9.4×10^{-41} cm^{2} (σ_{p}=2.9×10^{-39} cm^{2}) at 33 GeV/c^{2}. The spin-dependent WIMP-neutron limit is the most sensitive constraint to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Akerib
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - H M Araújo
- Imperial College London, High Energy Physics, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom
| | - X Bai
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 East St Joseph St., Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - A J Bailey
- Imperial College London, High Energy Physics, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom
| | - J Balajthy
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - P Beltrame
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - E P Bernard
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - A Bernstein
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - T P Biesiadzinski
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - E M Boulton
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - A Bradley
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - R Bramante
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - S B Cahn
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - M C Carmona-Benitez
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - C Chan
- Brown University, Department of Physics, 182 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - J J Chapman
- Brown University, Department of Physics, 182 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - A A Chiller
- University of South Dakota, Department of Physics, 414E Clark St., Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | - C Chiller
- University of South Dakota, Department of Physics, 414E Clark St., Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | - A Currie
- Imperial College London, High Energy Physics, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom
| | - J E Cutter
- University of California Davis, Department of Physics, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - T J R Davison
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - L de Viveiros
- LIP-Coimbra, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A Dobi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J E Y Dobson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - E Druszkiewicz
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - B N Edwards
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - C H Faham
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Fiorucci
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R J Gaitskell
- Brown University, Department of Physics, 182 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - V M Gehman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Ghag
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - K R Gibson
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - M G D Gilchriese
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C R Hall
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Hanhardt
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 East St Joseph St., Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority, Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754, USA
| | - S J Haselschwardt
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - S A Hertel
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D P Hogan
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Horn
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Q Huang
- Brown University, Department of Physics, 182 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - C M Ignarra
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M Ihm
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R G Jacobsen
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Ji
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - K Kazkaz
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - D Khaitan
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - R Knoche
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - N A Larsen
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - C Lee
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - B G Lenardo
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, California 94551, USA
- University of California Davis, Department of Physics, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - K T Lesko
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Lindote
- LIP-Coimbra, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M I Lopes
- LIP-Coimbra, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - D C Malling
- Brown University, Department of Physics, 182 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - A Manalaysay
- University of California Davis, Department of Physics, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R L Mannino
- Texas A&M University, Department of Physics, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - M F Marzioni
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - D N McKinsey
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D-M Mei
- University of South Dakota, Department of Physics, 414E Clark St., Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | - J Mock
- University at Albany, State University of New York, Department of Physics, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - M Moongweluwan
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - J A Morad
- University of California Davis, Department of Physics, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A St J Murphy
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - C Nehrkorn
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - H N Nelson
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - F Neves
- LIP-Coimbra, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - K O'Sullivan
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K C Oliver-Mallory
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R A Ott
- University of California Davis, Department of Physics, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - K J Palladino
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Pangilinan
- Brown University, Department of Physics, 182 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - E K Pease
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P Phelps
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - L Reichhart
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - C Rhyne
- Brown University, Department of Physics, 182 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - S Shaw
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - T A Shutt
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - C Silva
- LIP-Coimbra, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - V N Solovov
- LIP-Coimbra, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - P Sorensen
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Stephenson
- University of California Davis, Department of Physics, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - T J Sumner
- Imperial College London, High Energy Physics, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom
| | - M Szydagis
- University at Albany, State University of New York, Department of Physics, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - D J Taylor
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority, Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754, USA
| | - W Taylor
- Brown University, Department of Physics, 182 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - B P Tennyson
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - P A Terman
- Texas A&M University, Department of Physics, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D R Tiedt
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 East St Joseph St., Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - W H To
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M Tripathi
- University of California Davis, Department of Physics, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - L Tvrznikova
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Uvarov
- University of California Davis, Department of Physics, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J R Verbus
- Brown University, Department of Physics, 182 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - R C Webb
- Texas A&M University, Department of Physics, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - J T White
- Texas A&M University, Department of Physics, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - T J Whitis
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M S Witherell
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - F L H Wolfs
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - K Yazdani
- Imperial College London, High Energy Physics, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom
| | - S K Young
- University at Albany, State University of New York, Department of Physics, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - C Zhang
- University of South Dakota, Department of Physics, 414E Clark St., Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
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37
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Akerib DS, Araújo HM, Bai X, Bailey AJ, Balajthy J, Beltrame P, Bernard EP, Bernstein A, Biesiadzinski TP, Boulton EM, Bradley A, Bramante R, Cahn SB, Carmona-Benitez MC, Chan C, Chapman JJ, Chiller AA, Chiller C, Currie A, Cutter JE, Davison TJR, de Viveiros L, Dobi A, Dobson JEY, Druszkiewicz E, Edwards BN, Faham CH, Fiorucci S, Gaitskell RJ, Gehman VM, Ghag C, Gibson KR, Gilchriese MGD, Hall CR, Hanhardt M, Haselschwardt SJ, Hertel SA, Hogan DP, Horn M, Huang DQ, Ignarra CM, Ihm M, Jacobsen RG, Ji W, Kazkaz K, Khaitan D, Knoche R, Larsen NA, Lee C, Lenardo BG, Lesko KT, Lindote A, Lopes MI, Malling DC, Manalaysay A, Mannino RL, Marzioni MF, McKinsey DN, Mei DM, Mock J, Moongweluwan M, Morad JA, Murphy ASJ, Nehrkorn C, Nelson HN, Neves F, O'Sullivan K, Oliver-Mallory KC, Ott RA, Palladino KJ, Pangilinan M, Pease EK, Phelps P, Reichhart L, Rhyne C, Shaw S, Shutt TA, Silva C, Solovov VN, Sorensen P, Stephenson S, Sumner TJ, Szydagis M, Taylor DJ, Taylor W, Tennyson BP, Terman PA, Tiedt DR, To WH, Tripathi M, Tvrznikova L, Uvarov S, Verbus JR, Webb RC, White JT, Whitis TJ, Witherell MS, Wolfs FLH, Yazdani K, Young SK, Zhang C. Improved Limits on Scattering of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles from Reanalysis of 2013 LUX Data. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:161301. [PMID: 27152785 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.161301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present constraints on weakly interacting massive particles (WIMP)-nucleus scattering from the 2013 data of the Large Underground Xenon dark matter experiment, including 1.4×10^{4} kg day of search exposure. This new analysis incorporates several advances: single-photon calibration at the scintillation wavelength, improved event-reconstruction algorithms, a revised background model including events originating on the detector walls in an enlarged fiducial volume, and new calibrations from decays of an injected tritium β source and from kinematically constrained nuclear recoils down to 1.1 keV. Sensitivity, especially to low-mass WIMPs, is enhanced compared to our previous results which modeled the signal only above a 3 keV minimum energy. Under standard dark matter halo assumptions and in the mass range above 4 GeV c^{-2}, these new results give the most stringent direct limits on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross section. The 90% C.L. upper limit has a minimum of 0.6 zb at 33 GeV c^{-2} WIMP mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Akerib
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - H M Araújo
- Imperial College London, High Energy Physics, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom
| | - X Bai
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 East St Joseph St., Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - A J Bailey
- Imperial College London, High Energy Physics, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom
| | - J Balajthy
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - P Beltrame
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - E P Bernard
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - A Bernstein
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - T P Biesiadzinski
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - E M Boulton
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - A Bradley
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - R Bramante
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - S B Cahn
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - M C Carmona-Benitez
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - C Chan
- Brown University, Department of Physics, 182 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - J J Chapman
- Brown University, Department of Physics, 182 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - A A Chiller
- University of South Dakota, Department of Physics, 414E Clark St., Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | - C Chiller
- University of South Dakota, Department of Physics, 414E Clark St., Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | - A Currie
- Imperial College London, High Energy Physics, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom
| | - J E Cutter
- University of California Davis, Department of Physics, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - T J R Davison
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - L de Viveiros
- LIP-Coimbra, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A Dobi
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J E Y Dobson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - E Druszkiewicz
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - B N Edwards
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - C H Faham
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Fiorucci
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R J Gaitskell
- Brown University, Department of Physics, 182 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - V M Gehman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Ghag
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - K R Gibson
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - M G D Gilchriese
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C R Hall
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Hanhardt
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 East St Joseph St., Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority, Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754, USA
| | - S J Haselschwardt
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - S A Hertel
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D P Hogan
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Horn
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Q Huang
- Brown University, Department of Physics, 182 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - C M Ignarra
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M Ihm
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R G Jacobsen
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Ji
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - K Kazkaz
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - D Khaitan
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - R Knoche
- University of Maryland, Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - N A Larsen
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - C Lee
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - B G Lenardo
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, California 94551, USA
- University of California Davis, Department of Physics, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - K T Lesko
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Lindote
- LIP-Coimbra, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M I Lopes
- LIP-Coimbra, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - D C Malling
- Brown University, Department of Physics, 182 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - A Manalaysay
- University of California Davis, Department of Physics, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R L Mannino
- Texas A&M University, Department of Physics, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - M F Marzioni
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - D N McKinsey
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D-M Mei
- University of South Dakota, Department of Physics, 414E Clark St., Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | - J Mock
- University at Albany, State University of New York, Department of Physics, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - M Moongweluwan
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - J A Morad
- University of California Davis, Department of Physics, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - A St J Murphy
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - C Nehrkorn
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - H N Nelson
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - F Neves
- LIP-Coimbra, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - K O'Sullivan
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K C Oliver-Mallory
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R A Ott
- University of California Davis, Department of Physics, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - K J Palladino
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Pangilinan
- Brown University, Department of Physics, 182 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - E K Pease
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P Phelps
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - L Reichhart
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - C Rhyne
- Brown University, Department of Physics, 182 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - S Shaw
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - T A Shutt
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - C Silva
- LIP-Coimbra, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - V N Solovov
- LIP-Coimbra, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - P Sorensen
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Stephenson
- University of California Davis, Department of Physics, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - T J Sumner
- Imperial College London, High Energy Physics, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom
| | - M Szydagis
- University at Albany, State University of New York, Department of Physics, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - D J Taylor
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority, Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754, USA
| | - W Taylor
- Brown University, Department of Physics, 182 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - B P Tennyson
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - P A Terman
- Texas A&M University, Department of Physics, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D R Tiedt
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 East St Joseph St., Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - W H To
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M Tripathi
- University of California Davis, Department of Physics, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - L Tvrznikova
- Yale University, Department of Physics, 217 Prospect St., New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Uvarov
- University of California Davis, Department of Physics, One Shields Ave., Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J R Verbus
- Brown University, Department of Physics, 182 Hope St., Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - R C Webb
- Texas A&M University, Department of Physics, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - J T White
- Texas A&M University, Department of Physics, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - T J Whitis
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Physics, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94205, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94309, USA
| | - M S Witherell
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - F L H Wolfs
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - K Yazdani
- Imperial College London, High Energy Physics, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom
| | - S K Young
- University at Albany, State University of New York, Department of Physics, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, USA
| | - C Zhang
- University of South Dakota, Department of Physics, 414E Clark St., Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
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Bradley A, Yao J, Dewald J, Richter CP. Evaluation of Electroencephalography Source Localization Algorithms with Multiple Cortical Sources. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147266. [PMID: 26809000 PMCID: PMC4725774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Source localization algorithms often show multiple active cortical areas as the source of electroencephalography (EEG). Yet, there is little data quantifying the accuracy of these results. In this paper, the performance of current source density source localization algorithms for the detection of multiple cortical sources of EEG data has been characterized. METHODS EEG data were generated by simulating multiple cortical sources (2-4) with the same strength or two sources with relative strength ratios of 1:1 to 4:1, and adding noise. These data were used to reconstruct the cortical sources using current source density (CSD) algorithms: sLORETA, MNLS, and LORETA using a p-norm with p equal to 1, 1.5 and 2. Precision (percentage of the reconstructed activity corresponding to simulated activity) and Recall (percentage of the simulated sources reconstructed) of each of the CSD algorithms were calculated. RESULTS While sLORETA has the best performance when only one source is present, when two or more sources are present LORETA with p equal to 1.5 performs better. When the relative strength of one of the sources is decreased, all algorithms have more difficulty reconstructing that source. However, LORETA 1.5 continues to outperform other algorithms. If only the strongest source is of interest sLORETA is recommended, while LORETA with p equal to 1.5 is recommended if two or more of the cortical sources are of interest. These results provide guidance for choosing a CSD algorithm to locate multiple cortical sources of EEG and for interpreting the results of these algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Bradley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States of America
- Department of Otolaryngology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Science, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Jules Dewald
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States of America
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Science, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Claus-Peter Richter
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States of America
- Department of Otolaryngology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- Hugh Knowles Center, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States of America
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Kaloff C, Anastassiadis K, Ayadi A, Baldock R, Beig J, Birling MC, Bradley A, Brown S, Bürger A, Bushell W, Chiani F, Collins F, Doe B, Eppig J, Finnell R, Fletcher C, Flicek P, Fray M, Friedel R, Gambadoro A, Gates H, Hansen J, Herault Y, Hicks G, Hörlein A, Hrabé de Angelis M, Iyer V, de Jong P, Koscielny G, Kühn R, Liu P, Lloyd K, Lopez R, Marschall S, Martínez S, McKerlie C, Meehan T, von Melchner H, Moore M, Murray S, Nagy A, Nutter L, Pavlovic G, Pombero A, Prosser H, Ramirez-Solis R, Ringwald M, Rosen B, Rosenthal N, Rossant J, Ruiz Noppinger P, Ryder E, Skarnes W, Schick J, Schnütgen F, Schofield P, Seisenberger C, Selloum M, Smedley D, Simpson E, Stewart A, Teboul L, Tocchini Valentini G, Valenzuela D, West A, Wurst W. Genome wide conditional mouse knockout resources. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ddmod.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Bradley A, Larson RA, Runge T. Effect of Wood Biochar in Manure-Applied Sand Columns on Leachate Quality. J Environ Qual 2015; 44:1720-1728. [PMID: 26641323 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2015.04.0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural operations can pose a threat to the quality of nearby water sources particularly from nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) losses following land application of manure. Biochar application to soils has the potential to ameliorate degraded soils and reduce nutrient leaching to groundwater. The effects of amending sand soil columns with hybrid poplar biochar ( spp.) made by a slow-pyrolysis process at 450°C at varying rates (0, 1, 2, and 5% by weight) with repeated dairy manure applications over a 56-wk period was examined to evaluate the impact to leachate water quality. Increasing levels of biochar decreased cumulative levels of total N (TN) by 21 to 59%, nitrate (NO-N) by 17 to 46%, and ammonia (NH-N + NH-N) by 46 to 90% in leachate but increased cumulative leaching of total P (TP). Overall leachate pH was increased and peak levels of 5-d biological oxygen demand (BOD) in leachate after manure application were decreased with increasing levels of biochar amendment. The results from this study indicate that biochar amendments could be effective in reducing nitrogen leaching from soils, though further study is needed to determine practical application in a field setting.
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Bradley A, Khan K, Ross E. Model intra-operative decision making: Does it really exist? Creation of a validated questionnaire to explore the relevance of existing models of decision making to modern surgical training. Int J Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.07.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Egger-Danner C, Cole JB, Pryce JE, Gengler N, Heringstad B, Bradley A, Stock KF. Invited review: overview of new traits and phenotyping strategies in dairy cattle with a focus on functional traits. Animal 2015; 9:191-207. [PMID: 25387784 PMCID: PMC4299537 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731114002614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
For several decades, breeding goals in dairy cattle focussed on increased milk production. However, many functional traits have negative genetic correlations with milk yield, and reductions in genetic merit for health and fitness have been observed. Herd management has been challenged to compensate for these effects and to balance fertility, udder health and metabolic diseases against increased production to maximize profit without compromising welfare. Functional traits, such as direct information on cow health, have also become more important because of growing concern about animal well-being and consumer demands for healthy and natural products. There are major concerns about the impact of drugs used in veterinary medicine on the spread of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria that can negatively impact human health. Sustainability and efficiency are also increasingly important because of the growing competition for high-quality, plant-based sources of energy and protein. Disruptions to global environments because of climate change may encourage yet more emphasis on these traits. To be successful, it is vital that there be a balance between the effort required for data recording and subsequent benefits. The motivation of farmers and other stakeholders involved in documentation and recording is essential to ensure good data quality. To keep labour costs reasonable, existing data sources should be used as much as possible. Examples include the use of milk composition data to provide additional information about the metabolic status or energy balance of the animals. Recent advances in the use of mid-infrared spectroscopy to measure milk have shown considerable promise, and may provide cost-effective alternative phenotypes for difficult or expensive-to-measure traits, such as feed efficiency. There are other valuable data sources in countries that have compulsory documentation of veterinary treatments and drug use. Additional sources of data outside of the farm include, for example, slaughter houses (meat composition and quality) and veterinary labs (specific pathogens, viral loads). At the farm level, many data are available from automated and semi-automated milking and management systems. Electronic devices measuring physiological status or activity parameters can be used to predict events such as oestrus, and also behavioural traits. Challenges concerning the predictive biology of indicator traits or standardization need to be solved. To develop effective selection programmes for new traits, the development of large databases is necessary so that high-reliability breeding values can be estimated. For expensive-to-record traits, extensive phenotyping in combination with genotyping of females is a possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Egger-Danner
- ZuchtData EDV-Dienstleistungen GmbH, Dresdner Str.
89/19, A-1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - J. B. Cole
- Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory,
ARS, USDA, 10300 Baltimore
Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350,
USA
| | - J. E. Pryce
- Department of Environment and Primary Industries, La
Trobe University, Agribio, 5 Ring
Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083,
Australia
| | - N. Gengler
- University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech
(GxABT), Animal Science Unit, Passage des
Déportés 2, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - B. Heringstad
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences,
Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO Box
5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - A. Bradley
- Quality Milk Management Services Ltd, Cedar
Barn, Easton Hill, Easton,
Wells, Somerset, BA5
1EY, UK
- University of Nottingham, School of Veterinary
Medicine and Science, Sutton Bonington Campus,
Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire,
LE12 5RD, UK
| | - K. F. Stock
- Vereinigte Informationssysteme Tierhaltung w.V. (vit),
Heideweg 1, D-27283 Verden,
Germany
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Keenan CM, Baker J, Bradley A, Goodman DG, Harada T, Herbert R, Kaufmann W, Kellner R, Mahler B, Meseck E, Nolte T, Rittinghausen S, Vahle J, Yoshizawa K. International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria (INHAND): Progress to Date and Future Plans. Toxicol Pathol 2014; 43:730-2. [PMID: 25530274 DOI: 10.1177/0192623314560031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria for Lesions in Rats and Mice proposal (INHAND) has been operational since 2005. A Global Editorial Steering Committee manages the overall objectives of the project, and the development of harmonized terminology for each organ system is the responsibility of the Organ Working Groups, drawing upon experts from North America, Europe, and Japan. Great progress has been made with 9 systems published to date--respiratory, hepatobiliary, urinary, central/peripheral nervous systems, male reproductive and mammary, zymbals, clitoral, and preputial glands in Toxicologic Pathology and the integument and soft tissue and female reproductive in the Journal of Toxicologic Pathology as supplements and on a Web site--www.goReni.org. INHAND nomenclature guides offer diagnostic criteria and guidelines for recording lesions observed in rodent toxicity and carcinogenicity studies. The guides provide representative photomicrographs of morphologic changes, information regarding pathogenesis, and key references. The purpose of this brief communication is to provide an update on the progress of INHAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Keenan
- C. M. Keenan ToxPath Consulting, Doylestown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - J Baker
- Charles River Pathology Associates, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - A Bradley
- Charles River Laboratories, Tranent, Scotland, UK
| | - D G Goodman
- Independent Consultant, Potomac, Maryland, USA
| | - T Harada
- The Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Joso-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - R Herbert
- NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | - B Mahler
- NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - E Meseck
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
| | - T Nolte
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | | | - J Vahle
- Eli Lilly & Company, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - K Yoshizawa
- Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
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McNicol RE, Bradley A, Griffin J, Duncan G, Eriksen CA, Guthrie GJK. Post-operative bilateral adrenal haemorrhage: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2014; 5:1145-7. [PMID: 25437659 PMCID: PMC4275802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2014.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An unusual complication of intra-abdominal sepsis. A demonstration of diagnostic difficulty in the post-operative patient. A variation from the normal electrolyte profile observed in adrenal insufficiency. Highlights the clinical importance of a high index of suspicion for further investigation of ‘on-ward’ electrolyte abnormalities.
INTRODUCTION Bilateral adrenal haemorrhage is a rare, but serious, illness carrying an estimated 15% mortality.1,2 The majority of cases occur in patients with acute, stressful illness, however the exact mechanism underlying adrenal haemorrhage remains unclear. This medical emergency carries significant diagnostic difficulty4 with non-specific clinical symptoms and variations in electrolyte abnormalities. Timely treatment is important as it prevents both the acute and long-term sequelae of adrenal failure. PRESENTATION OF CASE This report describes a medical emergency in a surgical patient following emergency surgery for intra-abdominal sepsis. The patient reported non-specific symptoms of confusion, mild pyrexia and vague abdominal pain during the post-operative phase, with subtle electrolyte abnormalities and a low serum cortisol suggestive of adrenal crisis. Timely medical treatment, with intravenous hydrocortisone and intensive monitoring, and appropriate medical follow-up with addition of long-term fludrocortisone resulted in a satisfactory outcome. DISCUSSION This report describes a potentially life-threatening complication of intra-abdominal sepsis with adrenal crisis secondary to bilateral adrenal haemorrhage. In particular, this case highlights the diagnostic difficulty in such surgical patients due to vague symptoms and, in this case, the presence of a presentation variant with acute hyponatraemia and normal potassium. CONCLUSION This case highlights the importance of awareness of both the symptoms and signs and variation in electrolyte profile when assessing surgical patients post-operatively. In addition, this case highlights the benefit of early recognition and initiation of treatment and the importance of follow-up as long-term medical management is often required to prevent further relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E McNicol
- Department of General Surgery, Perth Royal Infirmary, Taymount Terrace, Perth PH1 1NX, United Kingdom
| | - A Bradley
- Department of General Surgery, Perth Royal Infirmary, Taymount Terrace, Perth PH1 1NX, United Kingdom
| | - J Griffin
- Department of General Surgery, Perth Royal Infirmary, Taymount Terrace, Perth PH1 1NX, United Kingdom
| | - G Duncan
- Department of Radiology, Perth Royal Infirmary, Taymount Terrace, Perth PH1 1NX, United Kingdom
| | - C A Eriksen
- Department of General Surgery, Perth Royal Infirmary, Taymount Terrace, Perth PH1 1NX, United Kingdom
| | - G J K Guthrie
- Department of General Surgery, Perth Royal Infirmary, Taymount Terrace, Perth PH1 1NX, United Kingdom.
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Elshafie G, Canon JA, Aliverti A, Bradley A, Parker K, Rajesh PB, Naidu B. 153-I * THE EFFECT OF DIAPHRAGMATIC PLICATION ON CHEST WALL DYNAMICS. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivu276.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Reddy V, Parang B, Poindexter S, Barrett C, Bradley A, Harris E, Choksi Y, Mittal M, Singh K, Chaturvedi R, Brand T, Washington M, Bader D, Wilson K, Williams C. BVES Loss Is Protective in Radiation Enteritis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.2248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gjorgjimajkoska O, Fischer B, Taylor C, Bolton E, Bradley A, Parmar J, Pettigrew G. Humoral Allo and Auto Immunity in Human Lung Transplant Recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.01.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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48
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Akerib DS, Araújo HM, Bai X, Bailey AJ, Balajthy J, Bedikian S, Bernard E, Bernstein A, Bolozdynya A, Bradley A, Byram D, Cahn SB, Carmona-Benitez MC, Chan C, Chapman JJ, Chiller AA, Chiller C, Clark K, Coffey T, Currie A, Curioni A, Dazeley S, de Viveiros L, Dobi A, Dobson J, Dragowsky EM, Druszkiewicz E, Edwards B, Faham CH, Fiorucci S, Flores C, Gaitskell RJ, Gehman VM, Ghag C, Gibson KR, Gilchriese MGD, Hall C, Hanhardt M, Hertel SA, Horn M, Huang DQ, Ihm M, Jacobsen RG, Kastens L, Kazkaz K, Knoche R, Kyre S, Lander R, Larsen NA, Lee C, Leonard DS, Lesko KT, Lindote A, Lopes MI, Lyashenko A, Malling DC, Mannino R, McKinsey DN, Mei DM, Mock J, Moongweluwan M, Morad J, Morii M, Murphy ASJ, Nehrkorn C, Nelson H, Neves F, Nikkel JA, Ott RA, Pangilinan M, Parker PD, Pease EK, Pech K, Phelps P, Reichhart L, Shutt T, Silva C, Skulski W, Sofka CJ, Solovov VN, Sorensen P, Stiegler T, O'Sullivan K, Sumner TJ, Svoboda R, Sweany M, Szydagis M, Taylor D, Tennyson B, Tiedt DR, Tripathi M, Uvarov S, Verbus JR, Walsh N, Webb R, White JT, White D, Witherell MS, Wlasenko M, Wolfs FLH, Woods M, Zhang C. First results from the LUX dark matter experiment at the Sanford underground research facility. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:091303. [PMID: 24655239 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.091303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment is a dual-phase xenon time-projection chamber operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (Lead, South Dakota). The LUX cryostat was filled for the first time in the underground laboratory in February 2013. We report results of the first WIMP search data set, taken during the period from April to August 2013, presenting the analysis of 85.3 live days of data with a fiducial volume of 118 kg. A profile-likelihood analysis technique shows our data to be consistent with the background-only hypothesis, allowing 90% confidence limits to be set on spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic scattering with a minimum upper limit on the cross section of 7.6 × 10(-46) cm(2) at a WIMP mass of 33 GeV/c(2). We find that the LUX data are in disagreement with low-mass WIMP signal interpretations of the results from several recent direct detection experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Akerib
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - H M Araújo
- High Energy Physics, Imperial College London, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom
| | - X Bai
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 East St Joseph Street, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - A J Bailey
- High Energy Physics, Imperial College London, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom
| | - J Balajthy
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Bedikian
- Department of Physics, Yale University, 217 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - E Bernard
- Department of Physics, Yale University, 217 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - A Bernstein
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A Bolozdynya
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - A Bradley
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - D Byram
- Department of Physics, University of South Dakota, 414E Clark Street, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | - S B Cahn
- Department of Physics, Yale University, 217 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - M C Carmona-Benitez
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA and Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - C Chan
- Department of Physics, Brown University, 182 Hope Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - J J Chapman
- Department of Physics, Brown University, 182 Hope Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - A A Chiller
- Department of Physics, University of South Dakota, 414E Clark Street, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | - C Chiller
- Department of Physics, University of South Dakota, 414E Clark Street, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | - K Clark
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - T Coffey
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - A Currie
- High Energy Physics, Imperial College London, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom
| | - A Curioni
- Department of Physics, Yale University, 217 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - S Dazeley
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - L de Viveiros
- LIP-Coimbra, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A Dobi
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - J Dobson
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - E M Dragowsky
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - E Druszkiewicz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - B Edwards
- Department of Physics, Yale University, 217 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - C H Faham
- Department of Physics, Brown University, 182 Hope Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Fiorucci
- Department of Physics, Brown University, 182 Hope Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - C Flores
- Department of Physics, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R J Gaitskell
- Department of Physics, Brown University, 182 Hope Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - V M Gehman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Ghag
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - K R Gibson
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - M G D Gilchriese
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Hall
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Hanhardt
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 East St Joseph Street, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA and South Dakota Science and Technology Authority, Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754, USA
| | - S A Hertel
- Department of Physics, Yale University, 217 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - M Horn
- Department of Physics, Yale University, 217 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - D Q Huang
- Department of Physics, Brown University, 182 Hope Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - M Ihm
- Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R G Jacobsen
- Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - L Kastens
- Department of Physics, Yale University, 217 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - K Kazkaz
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R Knoche
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Kyre
- Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - R Lander
- Department of Physics, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - N A Larsen
- Department of Physics, Yale University, 217 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - C Lee
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - D S Leonard
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - K T Lesko
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Lindote
- LIP-Coimbra, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M I Lopes
- LIP-Coimbra, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A Lyashenko
- Department of Physics, Yale University, 217 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - D C Malling
- Department of Physics, Brown University, 182 Hope Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - R Mannino
- Department of Physics, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D N McKinsey
- Department of Physics, Yale University, 217 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - D-M Mei
- Department of Physics, University of South Dakota, 414E Clark Street, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | - J Mock
- Department of Physics, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - M Moongweluwan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - J Morad
- Department of Physics, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - M Morii
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - A St J Murphy
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - C Nehrkorn
- Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - H Nelson
- Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - F Neves
- LIP-Coimbra, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - J A Nikkel
- Department of Physics, Yale University, 217 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - R A Ott
- Department of Physics, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - M Pangilinan
- Department of Physics, Brown University, 182 Hope Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - P D Parker
- Department of Physics, Yale University, 217 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - E K Pease
- Department of Physics, Yale University, 217 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - K Pech
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - P Phelps
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - L Reichhart
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - T Shutt
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - C Silva
- LIP-Coimbra, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - W Skulski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - C J Sofka
- Department of Physics, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - V N Solovov
- LIP-Coimbra, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - P Sorensen
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - T Stiegler
- Department of Physics, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - K O'Sullivan
- Department of Physics, Yale University, 217 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - T J Sumner
- High Energy Physics, Imperial College London, Blackett Laboratory, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom
| | - R Svoboda
- Department of Physics, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - M Sweany
- Department of Physics, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - M Szydagis
- Department of Physics, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - D Taylor
- South Dakota Science and Technology Authority, Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota 57754, USA
| | - B Tennyson
- Department of Physics, Yale University, 217 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - D R Tiedt
- South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 East St Joseph Street, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - M Tripathi
- Department of Physics, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Uvarov
- Department of Physics, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - J R Verbus
- Department of Physics, Brown University, 182 Hope Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - N Walsh
- Department of Physics, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - R Webb
- Department of Physics, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - J T White
- Department of Physics, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D White
- Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - M S Witherell
- Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - M Wlasenko
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - F L H Wolfs
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - M Woods
- Department of Physics, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - C Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of South Dakota, 414E Clark Street, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
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Smith J, McEniery C, Bradley A, Wilkinson I, Tomlinson L. P5.14 IMPACT OF KIDNEY DONATION ON AORTIC STIFFNESS: A FEASIBILITY STUDY. Artery Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.artres.2014.09.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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