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Pereira GDN, Seribelli AA, Campioni F, Gomes CN, Tiba-Casas MR, Medeiros MIC, Rodrigues DDP, Falcão JP. High levels of multidrug-resistant isolates of genetically similar Salmonella 1,4, [5],12:I:- from Brazil between 1983 and 2020. J Med Microbiol 2024; 73. [PMID: 38375878 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Salmonella 1,4, [5],12:i:- strains with different antimicrobial resistance profiles have been associated with foodborne disease outbreaks in several countries. In Brazil, S. 1,4, [5],12:i:- was identified as one of the most prevalent serovars in São Paulo State during 2004-2020.Gap Statement. However, few studies have characterized this serovar in Brazil.Aim. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance profiles of S. 1,4, [5],12:i:- strains isolated from different sources in Southeast Brazil and compare their genetic diversity.Methodology. We analysed 113 S. 1,4, [5],12:i:- strains isolated from humans (n=99), animals (n=7), food (n=5) and the environment (n=2) between 1983 and 2020. Susceptibility testing against 13 antimicrobials was performed using the disc diffusion method for all the strains. Plasmid resistance genes and mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions were identified in phenotypically fluoroquinolone-resistant strains. Molecular typing was performed using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR) for all strains and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) for 40 selected strains.Results. Of the 113 strains, 54.87 % were resistant to at least one antimicrobial. The highest resistance rates were observed against ampicillin (51.33 %), nalidixic acid (39.82 %) and tetracycline (38.05 %). Additionally, 39 (34.51 %) strains were classified as multidrug-resistant (MDR). Nine fluoroquinolone-resistant strains exhibited the gyrA mutation (Ser96→Tyr96) and contained the qnrB gene. The 113 strains were grouped into two clusters using ERIC-PCR, and most of strains were present in one cluster, with a genetic similarity of ≥80 %. Finally, 40 strains were typed as ST19 using MLST.Conclusion. The prevalence of MDR strains is alarming because antimicrobial treatment against these strains may lead to therapeutic failure. Furthermore, the ERIC-PCR and MLST results suggested that most strains belonged to one main cluster. Thus, a prevalent subtype of Salmonella 1,4, [5],12:i:- strains has probably been circulating among different sources in São Paulo, Brazil, over decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana do Nascimento Pereira
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas (DACTB), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda Aparecida Seribelli
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas (DACTB), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fábio Campioni
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas (DACTB), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Departamento de Física e Ciência Interdisciplinar, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Nogueira Gomes
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas (DACTB), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Juliana Pfrimer Falcão
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas (DACTB), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Martins IM, Seribelli AA, Machado Ribeiro TR, da Silva P, Lustri BC, Hernandes RT, Falcão JP, Moreira CG. Invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) aminoglycoside-resistant ST313 isolates feature unique pathogenic mechanisms to reach the bloodstream. Infect Genet Evol 2023; 116:105519. [PMID: 37890808 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2023.105519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) from the clonal type ST313 (S. Typhimurium ST313) is the primary cause of invasive salmonellosis in Africa. Recently, in Brazil, iNTS ST313 strains have been isolated from different sources, but there is a lack of understanding of the mechanisms behind how these gut bacteria can break the gut barrier and reach the patient's bloodstream. Here, we compare 13 strains of S. Typhimurium ST313, previously unreported isolates, from human blood cultures, investigating aspects of virulence and mechanisms of resistance. Initially, RNAseq analyses between ST13-blood isolate and SL1344 (ST19) prototype revealed 15 upregulated genes directly related to cellular invasion and replication, such as sopD2, sifB, and pipB. Limited information is available about S. Typhimurium ST313 pathogenesis and epidemiology, especially related to the global distribution of strains. Herein, the correlation of strains isolated from different sources in Brazil was employed to compare clinical and non-clinical isolates, a total of 22 genomes were studied by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs). The epidemiological analysis of 22 genomes of S. Typhimurium ST313 strains grouped them into three distinct clusters (A, B, and C) by SNP analysis, where cluster A comprised five, group B six, and group C 11. The 13 clinical blood isolates were all resistant to streptomycin, 92.3% of strains were resistant to ampicillin and 15.39% were resistant to kanamycin. The resistance genes acrA, acrB, mdtK, emrB, emrR, mdsA, and mdsB related to the production of efflux pumps were detected in all (100%) strains studied, similar to pathogenic traits investigated. In conclusion, we evidenced that S. Typhimurium ST313 strains isolated in Brazil have unique epidemiology. The elevated frequencies of virulence genes such as sseJ, sopD2, and pipB are a major concern in these Brazilian isolates, showing a higher pathogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Mancini Martins
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista- UNESP- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda Aparecida Seribelli
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo- USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Tamara R Machado Ribeiro
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista- UNESP- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrick da Silva
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista- UNESP- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Cardinali Lustri
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista- UNESP- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo T Hernandes
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista- UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Pfrimer Falcão
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo- USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Cristiano Gallina Moreira
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista- UNESP- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Araraquara, SP, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
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Pereira GDN, Seribelli AA, Gomes CN, Vilela FP, Tonani L, Tiba-Casas MR, Medeiros MIC, Rodrigues DDP, Kress MRVZ, Falcão JP. Virulence potential of Salmonella 1,4, [5],12:i:- strains isolated during decades from different sources in the Southeast region of Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:2827-2843. [PMID: 37817050 PMCID: PMC10689702 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01145-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella 1,4, [5],12:i:- is one of the most prevalent serovars associated with gastroenteritis in several countries, including Brazil. However, few studies have analyzed the virulence potential of this variant in this country. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize S. 1,4, [5],12:i:- strains isolated in Southeast Brazil. To this end, 113 S. 1,4, [5],12:i:- strains isolated from different sources between 1983 and 2020 were analyzed. For all strains, the frequencies of 11 virulence genes were investigated using PCR and the molecular typing was performed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Furthermore, 40 strains isolated from human and non-human sources were characterized by survival under acid and oxidative stress, and virulence analysis in Galleria mellonella was performed for 20 selected strains. All virulence genes were detected in more than 91% of the strains. The studied strains were grouped into four clusters using PFGE. Most strains were present in one cluster, named PFGE-A, with a genetic similarity of ≥ 79.5%. All 40 strains survived acid stress after 10 min and 1 h of exposure. Under oxidative stress, all 40 strains survived after 10 min, and 36 survived after 1 h of exposure. In the G. mellonella assay, nine isolates from non-human sources and six isolates from human showed high-to-intermediate virulence profiles. In conclusion, the pathogenic potential of the strains studied was corroborated by the high frequency of all the virulence genes identified. The PFGE results suggested that most strains belonged to one main cluster that has been prevailing in the São Paulo State, Brazil. The S. 1,4, [5],12:i:- strains isolated from human and non-human sources successfully survived the unfavorable conditions in the human gastrointestinal tract. Finally, strains isolated from non-human sources showed a higher proportion of isolates with high to intermediate virulence profiles in G. mellonella than in human isolates, suggesting a possible difference between isolates from different origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana do Nascimento Pereira
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas E Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - USP, Av. Do Café, S/N°, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brasil
| | - Amanda Aparecida Seribelli
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas E Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - USP, Av. Do Café, S/N°, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brasil
- Departamento de Biologia Celular E Molecular E Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - USP, Av. Do Café, S/N°, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brasil
| | - Carolina Nogueira Gomes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas E Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - USP, Av. Do Café, S/N°, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brasil
| | - Felipe Pinheiro Vilela
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas E Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - USP, Av. Do Café, S/N°, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brasil
| | - Ludmilla Tonani
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas E Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - USP, Av. Do Café, S/N°, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Márcia Regina von Zeska Kress
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas E Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - USP, Av. Do Café, S/N°, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brasil
| | - Juliana Pfrimer Falcão
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas E Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto - USP, Av. Do Café, S/N°, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brasil.
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Pereira GDN, Rosa RDS, Dias AA, Gonçalves DJS, Seribelli AA, Pinheiro-Hubinger L, Eller LKW, de Carvalho TB, Pereira VC. Characterization of the virulence, agr typing and antimicrobial resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from food handlers in Brazil. Braz J Infect Dis 2022; 26:102698. [PMID: 36037845 PMCID: PMC9483590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2022.102698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Seribelli AA, Ribeiro TRM, da Silva P, Martins IM, Vilela FP, Medeiros MIC, Peronni KC, da Silva Junior WA, Moreira CG, Falcão JP. Salmonella Typhimurium ST313 isolated in Brazil revealed to be more invasive and inflammatory in murine colon compared to ST19 strains. J Microbiol 2021; 59:861-870. [PMID: 34382146 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-021-1082-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella Typhimurium (ST313) has caused an epidemic of invasive disease in sub-Saharan Africa and has been recently identified in Brazil. As the virulence of this ST is poorly understood, the present study aimed to (i) perform the RNA-seq in vitro of S. Typhimurium STm30 (ST313) grown in Luria-Bertani medium at 37°C; (ii) compare it with the RNA-seq of the S. Typhimurium SL1344 (ST19) and S. Typhimurium STm11 (ST19) strains under the same growing conditions; and (iii) examine the colonization capacity and expression of virulence genes and cytokines in murine colon. The STm30 (ST313) strain exhibited stronger virulence and was associated with a more inflammatory profile than the strains SL1344 (ST19) and STm11 (ST19), as demonstrated by transcriptome and in vivo assay. The expression levels of the hilA, sopD2, pipB, and ssaS virulence genes, other Salmonella pathogenicity islands SPI-1 and SPI-2 genes or effectors, and genes of the cytokines IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17, IL-22, and IL-12 were increased during ST313 infection in C57BL/6J mice. In conclusion, S. Typhimurium STm30 (ST313) isolated from human feces in Brazil express higher levels of pathogenesis-related genes at 37°C and has stronger colonization and invasion capacity in murine colon due to its high expression levels of virulence genes, when compared with the S. Typhimurium SL1344 (ST19) and STm11 (ST19) strains. STm30 (ST313) also induces stronger expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in this organ, suggesting that it causes more extensive tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Aparecida Seribelli
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 05508-220, Brazil
| | - Tamara R Machado Ribeiro
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Patrick da Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Isabela Mancini Martins
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Felipe Pinheiro Vilela
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 05508-220, Brazil
| | | | - Kamila Chagas Peronni
- Regional Blood Center of the University Hospital of the Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 05508-220, Brazil
| | - Wilson Araújo da Silva Junior
- Regional Blood Center of the University Hospital of the Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 05508-220, Brazil
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Genetics Department, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 05508-220, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Gallina Moreira
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, 01049-010, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Pfrimer Falcão
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 05508-220, Brazil.
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Seribelli AA, da Silva P, Frazão MR, Kich JD, Allard MW, Falcão JP. Phylogenetic relationship and genomic characterization of Salmonella Typhimurium strains isolated from swine in Brazil. Infect Genet Evol 2021; 93:104977. [PMID: 34174480 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Salmonella Typhimurium has been transmitted between humans and animals. Although, Brazil has been one of the largest pork meat exporters worldwide, there are few studies that characterized epidemiologically S. Typhimurium strains from swine. The aims of this work were to study the phylogenetic relationship of S. Typhimurium genomes isolated from swine in Brazil among themselves and with other genomes isolated from several sources and countries using wgMLST and cgMLST and to perform the search of Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPIs). In addition, for S. Typhimurium strains from swine to compare the virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes by VFDB and ResFinder, genetic content by BLAST Atlas and orthologous proteins clusters by OrthoVenn. The constructed phylogenetic trees by wgMLST and cgMLST grouped the majority (92.3% and 80.7%, respectively) of the strains isolated from swine in Brazil into the same group. All the isolates contained important SPIs (SPI-1, SPI-2, SPI-3, SPI-5 and SPI-9). A total of 100 and 31 virulence and resistance genes were detected in the S. Typhimurium strains isolated from swine, respectively. The BLAST Atlas and orthologous proteins analysis found regions of phages and differences in metabolic, regulatory and cellular processes among S. Typhimurium LT2 and S. Typhimurium isolates from swine. In conclusion, molecular typing based in the wgMLST and cgMLST suggested that the S. Typhimurium isolates from swine studied were genetically related. The pathogenic potential of the strains studied was corroborated by the presence of important SPIs and virulence genes. The high number of antimicrobial resistance genes detected is worrying and reinforced their potential risk in swine in Brazil. The comparison by BLAST Atlas suggested differences in mobile genetic elements among S. Typhimurium LT2 and S. Typhimurium isolates from swine in Brazil. The orthologous proteins analysis revealed unique genes related to important cellular processes in the strains from swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Aparecida Seribelli
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrick da Silva
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, UNESP - Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú Km 1, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Miliane Rodrigues Frazão
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jalusa Deon Kich
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Suínos e Aves - EMBRAPA, Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - Marc W Allard
- Food and Drug Administration - FDA, College Park, MD, United States.
| | - Juliana Pfrimer Falcão
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Seribelli AA, Cruz MF, Vilela FP, Frazão MR, Paziani MH, Almeida F, Medeiros MIC, Rodrigues DDP, von Zeska Kress MR, Allard MW, Falcão JP. Correction: Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Salmonella Typhimurium isolates from humans and foods in Brazil. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240055. [PMID: 32976526 PMCID: PMC7518603 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Seribelli AA, Cruz MF, Vilela FP, Frazão MR, Paziani MH, Almeida F, Medeiros MIC, Rodrigues DDP, Kress MRVZ, Allard MW, Falcão JP. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Salmonella Typhimurium isolates from humans and foods in Brazil. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237886. [PMID: 32810191 PMCID: PMC7437471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) causes gastroenteritis in many countries. However, in Brazil there are few studies that have conducted a virulence characterization of this serovar. The aim of this study was to evaluate the virulence potential of S. Typhimurium strains isolated in Brazil. Forty S. Typhimurium strains isolated from humans (n = 20) and food (n = 20) from Brazil were studied regarding their invasion and survival in human epithelial cells (Caco-2) and macrophages (U937). Their virulence potential was determined using the Galleria mellonella larvae model combined with the analysis of virulence genes by whole genome sequencing (WGS). A total of 67.5% of the S. Typhimurium studied (32.5% isolated from humans and 35% isolated from food) invaded Caco-2 epithelial cells at levels similar to or greater than the S. Typhimurium SL1344 prototype strain. In addition, 37.5% of the studied strains (25% isolated from humans and 12.5% isolated from food) survived in U937 human macrophages at levels similar to or greater than SL1344. S. Typhimurium strains isolated from humans (40%) and food (25%) showed high or intermediate virulence in G. mellonella larvae after seven days exposure. Approximately, 153 virulence genes of chromosomal and plasmidial origin were detected in the strains studied. In conclusion, the ability of the S. Typhimurium to invade Caco-2 epithelial cells was strain dependent and was not related to the source or the year of isolation. However, S. Typhimurium strains isolated from humans showed greater survival rates in U937 human macrophages, and presented higher proportion of isolates with a virulent profile in G. mellonella in comparison to strains isolated from food suggesting that this difference may be related to the higher frequency of human isolates which contained plasmid genes, such as spvABCDR operon, pefABCD operon, rck and mig-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Aparecida Seribelli
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto–Universidade de São Paulo—USP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Ferreira Cruz
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto–Universidade de São Paulo—USP, Brazil
| | - Felipe Pinheiro Vilela
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto–Universidade de São Paulo—USP, Brazil
| | - Miliane Rodrigues Frazão
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto–Universidade de São Paulo—USP, Brazil
| | - Mario H. Paziani
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto–Universidade de São Paulo—USP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Almeida
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto–Universidade de São Paulo—USP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcia R. von Zeska Kress
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto–Universidade de São Paulo—USP, Brazil
| | - Marc W. Allard
- Food and Drug Administration—FDA, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JPF); (MWA)
| | - Juliana Pfrimer Falcão
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto–Universidade de São Paulo—USP, Brazil
- * E-mail: (JPF); (MWA)
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Gonzales JC, Seribelli AA, Gomes CN, Dos Prazeres Rodrigues D, Campioni F, Passaglia J, da Silva P, Falcão JP. A high number of multidrug-resistant and predominant genetically related cluster of Shigella flexneri strains isolated over 34 years in Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2020; 51:1563-1571. [PMID: 32710175 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-020-00332-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Shigella flexneri has been a major public health problem in developing countries. This work analyzed the frequency of 16 virulence genes, the genotypic diversity, and the antimicrobial resistance profiles of 130 S. flexneri strains isolated in Brazil. The ipaH gene was found in all the 130 strains. The frequencies of the other genes were variable ial (88.5%), sigA (82.3%), iuc (74.6%), virA (73%), pic (72.3%), virF (57.7%), sat (48.5%), ipaBCD (37%), sen (36%), set1A (35.4%), sepA (30%), set1B (30%), virB (14%), icsA (10%), and ipgD (5.4%). A total of 57 (43.8%) strains were multidrug-resistant. ERIC-PCR grouped 96 of the strains into a single cluster with ≥ 70.4% of similarity, 75 of these strains presented a similarity ≥ 80.9%. PFGE grouped 120 of the strains into a single cluster with 57.4% of similarity and 82 of these strains presented a similarity ≥ 70.6%. In conclusion, the high frequency of some virulence genes reinforces the pathogenic potential of the strains studied. The high rates of MDR strains are alarming once it may lead to failure when antimicrobial treatment is necessary. Genotype techniques reveled a major cluster with high genetic similarity including S. flexneri strains from the different Brazilian states and distinct years of isolation, showing that they probably emerged from a common ancestor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Cunha Gonzales
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo-USP, Av. do Café, s/no-Campus Universitário USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Amanda Aparecida Seribelli
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo-USP, Av. do Café, s/no-Campus Universitário USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Carolina Nogueira Gomes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo-USP, Av. do Café, s/no-Campus Universitário USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | | | - Fábio Campioni
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo-USP, Av. do Café, s/no-Campus Universitário USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Passaglia
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo-USP, Av. do Café, s/no-Campus Universitário USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Paulo da Silva
- Instituto Adolfo Lutz de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Pfrimer Falcão
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo-USP, Av. do Café, s/no-Campus Universitário USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil.
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Almeida F, Seribelli AA, Medeiros MIC, Rodrigues DDP, de MelloVarani A, Luo Y, Allard MW, Falcão JP. Phylogenetic and antimicrobial resistance gene analysis of Salmonella Typhimurium strains isolated in Brazil by whole genome sequencing. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201882. [PMID: 30102733 PMCID: PMC6089434 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole genome sequencing (WGS) has been used as a powerful technology for molecular epidemiology, surveillance, identification of species and serotype, identification of the sources of outbreaks, among other purposes. In Brazil, there is relatively few epidemiological data on Salmonella. In this study, 90 Salmonella Typhimurium strains had their genome sequenced to uncover the diversity of Salmonella Typhimurium isolated from humans and food, between 1983 and 2013, from different geographic regions in Brazil based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis. A total of 39 resistance genes were identified, such as aminoglycoside, tetracycline, sulfonamide, trimethoprim, beta-lactam, fluoroquinolone, phenicol and macrolide, as well as the occurrence of point mutations in some of the genes such as gyrA, gyrB, parC and parE. A total of 65 (72.2%) out of 90 S. Typhimurium strains studied were phenotypically resistant to sulfonamides, 44 (48.9%) strains were streptomycin resistant, 27 (30%) strains were resistant to tetracycline, 21 (23.3%) strains were gentamicin resistant, and seven (7.8%) strains were resistant to ceftriaxone. In the gyrA gene, it was observed the following amino acid substitutions: Asp(87)→Gly, Asp(87)→Asn, Ser(83)→Phe, Ser(83)→Tyr. Phylogenetic results placed the 90 S. Typhimurium strains into two major clades suggesting the existence of a prevalent subtype, likely more adapted, among strains isolated from humans, with some diversity in subtypes in foods. The variety and prevalence of resistant genes found in these Salmonella Typhimurium strains reinforces their potential hazard for humans and the risk in foods in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Almeida
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas–Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café s/ nº, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brasil
| | - Amanda Aparecida Seribelli
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas–Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café s/ nº, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brasil
| | | | - Dália dos Prazeres Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Enterobactérias, FIOCRUZ/Fundação Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Brasil, Pavilhão Rocha Lima, 3°andar, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Alessandro de MelloVarani
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Yan Luo
- Division of Microbiology, Office of Regular Science, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Marc W. Allard
- Division of Microbiology, Office of Regular Science, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JPF); (MA)
| | - Juliana Pfrimer Falcão
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas–Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café s/ nº, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brasil
- * E-mail: (JPF); (MA)
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Almeida F, Seribelli AA, da Silva P, Medeiros MIC, Dos Prazeres Rodrigues D, Moreira CG, Allard MW, Falcão JP. Multilocus sequence typing of Salmonella Typhimurium reveals the presence of the highly invasive ST313 in Brazil. Infect Genet Evol 2017; 51:41-44. [PMID: 28288927 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Almeida
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Patrick da Silva
- UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marc W Allard
- Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, United States.
| | - Juliana Pfrimer Falcão
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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