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Holmstrom AJ, Dorrance-Hall E, Wilcox S, Schmälzle R. Confirmation, Disconfirmation, and Communal Coping for Joint Physical Activity in Romantic Dyads. Health Commun 2024; 39:1067-1081. [PMID: 37081795 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2023.2201748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Most people in the United States do not engage in sufficient physical activity (PA). However, certain communication behaviors from romantic partners can motivate PA. Research indicates that confirming communication and communal coping (CC) in romantic relationships can increase PA efforts, but less research has examined the role of explicitly disconfirming communication or relationships between confirmation, disconfirmation, and CC on PA outcomes. We examined models in which shared PA appraisals mediate relationships between (a) confirmation and (b) disconfirmation and joint PA behavior in heterosexual, romantic dyads. Sex differences in actor and partner effects were also considered. Partners (N = 144) in 72 dyads completed assessments of key constructs. Results indicated that shared PA appraisals were critical in the confirmation model, mediating relationships between perceptions of confirmation and reports of joint PA. Unexpectedly, both partners' reports of partner disconfirmation were positively associated with their partners' reports of joint PA. Only one statistically significant sex difference emerged. Theoretical and pragmatic implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shelby Wilcox
- Department of Communication, Michigan State University
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Holmstrom AJ, Shelle G. Growing Resilience in Tough Times (GRITT): Development and Randomized Trial of a Farmer Mental Health Literacy Intervention. J Agromedicine 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38555513 DOI: 10.1080/1059924x.2024.2334016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Farmers in the United States (U.S.) are exposed to myriad stressors and experience their negative effects, including higher rates of suicide than individuals in some other occupations. However, interventions to address mental health amongst farmers have faced barriers, such as farmers' perceived stigma regarding mental health, time constraints, and geographical isolation. Using text-messaging for intervention delivery may help to address some barriers, as text messages are private, delivered directly to one's phone, and require no travel. Our objective was to develop and assess the feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy of a text-messaging mental health literacy intervention tailored to U.S. farmers: Growing Resiliency in Tough Times (GRITT). METHODS U.S. farmers (N = 134) were randomly assigned to an intervention group, who received 12 weeks of text messages regarding mental health literacy, or a control group, who received no treatment. Online pre-test and post-test surveys assessed mental health knowledge, familiarity with relevant mental health resources, self-efficacy to manage stress, and perceived stress. Feasibility was assessed via recruitment and retention data, and intervention group participants completed post-test measures to assess acceptability. RESULTS Results indicate that intervention group participants were highly satisfied with the intervention and had higher post-test scores on multiple facets of mental health literacy and self-efficacy to manage farm stress than control group participants. The intervention group experienced a significant drop in perceived stress from pre-test to post-test. Participant retention was relatively high (84%). However, recruitment difficulties call into question intervention feasibility. CONCLUSION Though the intervention was efficacious in enhancing mental health literacy, improving stress management self-efficacy, and reducing stress, difficulties with participant recruitment indicate the need for continued intervention research in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Holmstrom
- Department of Communication, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Gwyn Shelle
- Michigan State University Extension, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Holmstrom AJ, Lim JI, Zhang Y, Shelle G. Factors Influencing Farmers' Use of Adaptive and Maladaptive Coping Strategies. J Agromedicine 2023; 28:903-914. [PMID: 37526566 DOI: 10.1080/1059924x.2023.2242835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic stress is associated with a variety of negative outcomes for farmers in the United States (U.S) and worldwide, who face near-constant exposure to internal (e.g. family conflict) and external (e.g. weather) stressors. Research indicates that farmers' stress may be reduced by engaging in adaptive coping strategies and avoiding maladaptive coping strategies. However, little is known about what predicts their coping strategy use. Informed by the transactional theory of stress and coping, the present manuscript seeks to identify factors associated with U.S. farmers' use of adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies. METHODS U.S. farmers (N = 135) completed survey assessments of factors theorized to be associated with coping strategy choice (maladaptive beliefs about farm stress management, farm stress management self-efficacy, age, and sex) as well as measures of adaptive and maladaptive coping. RESULTS Farm stress management self-efficacy was a significant, positive predictor of adaptive coping, and maladaptive beliefs about farm stress management were a significant, positive predictor of maladaptive coping. Maladaptive beliefs about farm stress management and farm stress management self-efficacy interacted to predict maladaptive coping, such that the positive relationship between maladaptive beliefs about farm stress management and maladaptive coping was significant at higher levels of self-efficacy. Sex was unrelated to coping strategies, and age was negatively associated with maladaptive coping strategies but unassociated with adaptive coping strategies. CONCLUSION The findings point to the utility of increasing farm stress self-management self-efficacy to increase farmers' adaptive coping and reducing maladaptive beliefs about farm stress management to reduce maladaptive coping. Efforts to promote adaptive coping by increasing self-efficacy should also target maladaptive beliefs farmers hold toward stress management, because increasing self-efficacy may also increase the likelihood of maladaptive coping when maladaptive beliefs are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Holmstrom
- Department of Communication, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jong In Lim
- Department of Communication, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Communication, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Gwyn Shelle
- Michigan State University Extension, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Holmstrom AJ, Lim JI. Responsiveness and esteem support. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 52:101591. [PMID: 37320985 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Esteem support refers to verbal and nonverbal aid provided to another individual to enhance how they feel about themselves and their attributes, abilities, and accomplishments. Esteem support is often exchanged in the context of close relationships (e.g., marriage, family, friendship), and may be a behavioral indicator of perceived partner responsiveness. Three theoretical models of esteem support offer guidance regarding associations between esteem support and perceived partner responsiveness: the optimal matching model of social support, the support gap model, and the cognitive-emotional theory of esteem support messages. We argue that effective esteem support is responsive, and that perceived partner responsiveness can foster an environment for exchanging esteem support in interpersonal relationships. These relationships should be examined explicitly in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jong In Lim
- Department of Communication, Michigan State University, United States
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Holtz BE, Mitchell KM, Holmstrom AJ, Hershey DS, Cotten SR, Dunneback JK, Ellis DA, Wood MA. The effect of an mHealth intervention for adolescents with Type 1 diabetes and their parents. J Telemed Telecare 2022:1357633X221125835. [PMID: 36177538 DOI: 10.1177/1357633x221125835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Past research has demonstrated that adolescents with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) typically have a decline in health outcomes as they begin to assume more self-management activities. Mobile app interventions have been suggested as one possible way to improve this behavior. PURPOSE The primary aim of this study was to address declines in health outcomes by pilot testing the satisfaction, use and feasibility of an app-based family communication intervention aimed to assist in adolescent self-management of T1D. METHODS Thirty-three adolescent-parent pairs were enrolled in and completed the 12-week pilot study. Participants were randomized 2:1 to intervention (app use) or control group. Pre/post quantitative and qualitative data were collected, including HbA1c and surveys. Paired-sample t-tests and ANOVA statistics were conducted. RESULTS The parents and adolescents reported high satisfaction with the app, and that it was easy to use. Results showed HbA1c stability in the intervention group and significant worsening in the control group. There were also significant improvements in adherence to diabetes management and quality of life for the parents in the intervention group. The adolescents did not show any improvement in quality-of-life measures. CONCLUSION This study suggests that the app intervention is acceptable, shows promise for improving health outcomes for adolescents with T1D, and may improve family communication. The public health implications of this work are that app interventions have a potential role in positively influencing chronic disease outcomes. Additional research with a more extensive and diverse sample is needed to determine generalizability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bree E Holtz
- Department of Advertising & Public Relations, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Katharine M Mitchell
- Department of Advertising & Public Relations, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Amanda J Holmstrom
- Department of Communication, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Denise S Hershey
- College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Deborah A Ellis
- Department of Family Medicine, 2954Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Michael A Wood
- Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Holtz B, Mitchell KM, Holmstrom AJ, Cotten SR, Dunneback JK, Jimenez-Vega J, Ellis DA, Wood MA. An mHealth-Based Intervention for Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes and Their Parents: Pilot Feasibility and Efficacy Single-Arm Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2021; 9:e23916. [PMID: 34519670 PMCID: PMC8479605 DOI: 10.2196/23916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 1 diabetes (T1D) affects more than 165,000 individuals younger than 20 years in the United States of America. The transition from parent management to parent-child team management, with the child taking on increased levels of self-care, can be stressful and is associated with a deterioration in self-management behaviors. Therefore, a mobile app intervention, MyT1DHero, was designed to facilitate diabetes-specific positive parent-adolescent communication and improve diabetes-related outcomes. The MyT1DHero intervention links an adolescent with T1D and their parent through 2 separate app interfaces and is designed to promote positive communication regarding T1D management. Objective The aim of this pilot study was to determine (1) the initial efficacy of the MyT1DHero intervention in improving diabetes outcomes in adolescents, specifically the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, diabetes care adherence, and quality of life, and (2) the adolescents’ overall satisfaction with this intervention. Methods This pilot study included 30 adolescent-parent pairs who used the MyT1DHero app in a 12-week single-arm clinical trial. Participants were recruited from the local pediatric endocrinology subspecialty clinic via snowball sampling. HbA1c levels, diabetes care adherence, quality of life, family conflict, and satisfaction levels were measured and analyzed using paired sample two-sided t tests and linear regression analyses. Results The final analysis included 25 families. The mean age of the adolescents was 12.28 (SD 1.62) years. Half of the participants (13/25) reported a diabetes diagnosis of less than 5 years. After 12 weeks of the intervention, diabetes care adherence significantly improved (before the study: mean 3.87 [SD 0.59]; after the study: mean 4.19 [SD 0.65]; t21=–2.52, P=.02, d=0.52) as did quality of life (before the study: mean 4.02 [SD 0.84]; after the study: mean 4.27 [SD 0.73]; t24=2.48, P=.01, d=0.32). HbA1c levels (before the study: mean 8.94 [SD 1.46]; after the study: mean 8.87 [SD 1.29]; t24=0.67, P=.51, d=0.04) and family conflict (before the study: mean 2.45 [SD 0.55]; after the study: mean 2.61 [SD 0.45]; t23=0.55, P=.14, d=0.32) changed in the hypothesized direction, but the change was not significant. However, higher use of the mobile app was associated with more improvement in HbA1c levels (F1,20=9.74, P<.005; R2=0.33). Overall, the adolescents were satisfied with the app intervention. Conclusions In a 12-week pilot study of the mobile app intervention designed to facilitate parent-adolescent communication for improving diabetes outcomes, significant benefits were demonstrated in self-care adherence and quality of life. A randomized controlled trial with a longer intervention is needed to replicate these findings and to determine the stability of the intervention effects. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03436628; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03436628
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Affiliation(s)
- Bree Holtz
- Department of Advertising and Public Relations, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Katharine M Mitchell
- Department of Advertising and Public Relations, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Amanda J Holmstrom
- Department of Communication, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Shelia R Cotten
- Office of Research Development, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | | | | | - Deborah A Ellis
- Department of Family Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Michael A Wood
- Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Holtz BE, Mitchell KM, Hershey DD, Cotten SR, Holmstrom AJ, Richman J, Dunneback JK, Wood MA. Using an mHealth App to Transition Care of Type 1 Diabetes from Parents to Teens: Protocol for a Pilot Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2018; 7:e10803. [PMID: 30377142 PMCID: PMC6234347 DOI: 10.2196/10803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) afflicts approximately 154,000 people under the age of 20 in the United States. Most people with T1DM are diagnosed at a young age, and parents have to take on the responsibility of T1DM management. Eventually, the child must begin to transition to self-management. Adolescents often struggle to take on responsibility for all the necessary tasks to successfully self-manage their T1DM. In fact, approximately three-quarters of adolescents are not achieving American Diabetes Association-recommended glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) targets. This lack of adherence can lead to negative health outcomes. OBJECTIVE The goals of this interdisciplinary proposal are as follows: (1) to develop a unique and theory-driven technology using a mobile phone app to promote self-management behaviors for adolescents aged 10-15 years with T1DM and their parents and (2) to explore the feasibility and impact of the self-management mobile app. METHODS This study has two phases: app development and pilot testing. In the app development phase, the app will be conceptualized and a prototype will be tested. In Phase 2, the mobile app will undergo pilot testing to determine its feasibility and impact on diabetes self-management. RESULTS The pilot test was launched in September 2017. Data collection for the final pilot test is underway, and results are forthcoming. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with T1DM and their parents can have a difficult time managing the transition of diabetes care. It is hoped that this app can help. The focus groups and prototype testing have indicated promising outcomes of app use. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03436628; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03436628 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/72tHXTE2Z). INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR1-10.2196/10803.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bree E Holtz
- Department of Advertising and Public Relations, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Katharine M Mitchell
- Department of Advertising and Public Relations, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Denise D Hershey
- College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Shelia R Cotten
- Department of Media and Information, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Amanda J Holmstrom
- Department of Communication, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Joshua Richman
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Julie K Dunneback
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Sparrow Health System, Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Michael A Wood
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Holtz BE, Murray KM, Hershey DD, Dunneback JK, Cotten SR, Holmstrom AJ, Vyas A, Kaiser MK, Wood MA. Developing a Patient-Centered mHealth App: A Tool for Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes and Their Parents. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2017; 5:e53. [PMID: 28428167 PMCID: PMC5415658 DOI: 10.2196/mhealth.6654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 1 diabetes (T1D) afflicts approximately 154,000 people under 20 years of age. Three-quarters of adolescents are not achieving glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) targets, which leads to negative health outcomes. Mobile health (mHealth), the use of technology in health, has been used successfully to improve health in many chronic conditions, including diabetes. Objective The purpose of this study was to use patient-centered research methods to inform and improve the design and functionality of our T1D app, MyT1DHero, and to provide insight for others who are designing a health app for adolescents and parents. Methods This study included data from focus groups with participants recruited from the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF) southeast Michigan’s family network. All data collected during the sessions were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded. Results Four key themes were identified: (1) diabetes is unpredictable, (2) negative and frustrated communication, (3) motivations to use an app, and (4) feedback specific to our app. Conclusions A patient-centered approach was used to assist in the development of an app for adolescents with T1D. Participants were satisfied with overall app design; customization, interactivity, and tangible rewards were identified as being necessary for continued use. Participants believed the app would help improve the communication between parents and adolescents. Many apps developed in the health context have not used a patient-centered design method or have seen vast improvements in health. This paper offers suggestions to others seeking to develop apps for adolescents and their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bree E Holtz
- Department of Advertising and Public Relations, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Katharine M Murray
- Department of Advertising and Public Relations, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Denise D Hershey
- College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Julie K Dunneback
- Sparrow Health System, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Shelia R Cotten
- Department of Media and Information, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Amanda J Holmstrom
- Department of Communication, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Arpita Vyas
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Molly K Kaiser
- Department of Advertising and Public Relations, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Michael A Wood
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Holmstrom AJ, Wyatt GK, Sikorskii A, Musatics C, Stolz E, Havener N. Dyadic recruitment in complementary therapy studies: experience from a clinical trial of caregiver-delivered reflexology. Appl Nurs Res 2015; 29:136-9. [PMID: 26856504 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2015.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE As home-based care continues to be a growing trend in health care, involvement of friend and family caregivers in the management of illness becomes essential. However, before nurses can prepare caregivers to engage in various types of care, an evidence base needs to be established via randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Research suggests that recruiting cancer patients and their friend or family caregivers into RCTs presents challenges. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the barriers to recruitment of patient-caregiver dyads into a RCT of caregiver-delivered reflexology and to recommend strategies to address such barriers. METHODS This paper reports on a nurse-directed RCT that involved recruitment efforts unique to a caregiver-delivered reflexology protocol for advanced-stage breast cancer patients. Ineligibility due to caregiver-related reasons, consent among eligible patients (out of 551 approached patients), and reasons for refusal were analyzed. RESULTS Almost one-third of patients were found to be ineligible due to the lack of a caregiver to participate with them and provide this form of social support. Among eligible patients, the consent rate for this dyadic study is much lower than that of previous RCTs of reflexologist-delivered reflexology that enrolled just patients, not dyads. CONCLUSION Implications for nursing practice and research include addressing the need for greater social support for patients and strategies for problem-solving refusal reasons during study enrollment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Holmstrom
- Department of Communication, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.
| | - Gwen K Wyatt
- College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.
| | - Alla Sikorskii
- Department of Statistics and Probability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.
| | - Catherine Musatics
- Department of Communication, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.
| | - Emily Stolz
- College of Communication Arts & Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.
| | - Neala Havener
- Department of Communication, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.
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Rack JJ, Burleson BR, Bodie GD, Holmstrom AJ, Servaty-Seib H. Bereaved adults' evaluations of grief management messages: effects of message person centeredness, recipient individual differences, and contextual factors. Death Stud 2008; 32:399-427. [PMID: 18767235 DOI: 10.1080/07481180802006711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This study identifies grief management strategies that bereaved adults evaluate as more and less helpful, assesses whether the person centeredness of these strategies explains their helpfulness, and determines whether strategy helpfulness varies as a function of demographic, personality, and situational factors. Participants (105 bereaved young adults) assessed the helpfulness of 16 grief management strategies; these strategies were coded for their degree of person centeredness. Strategy person centeredness was strongly correlated with helpfulness. Strategy helpfulness varied as a function of participant gender and the disruptiveness of the decedent's death, but not as a function of need for cognition or decedent closeness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica J Rack
- Department of Communication, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2098, USA.
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