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Frew JR, Balasanova AA, Rakocevic DB, Ruble AE, Schwartz AC, Frank A, DeJong SM. Charting a New Course for Addiction Education in General Psychiatry Residency Training. Acad Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s40596-024-01976-w. [PMID: 38744783 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-024-01976-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia R Frew
- Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | | | | | - Anne E Ruble
- Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Amber Frank
- Cambridge Health Alliance/Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sandra M DeJong
- Cambridge Health Alliance/Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Leira Y, Vivancos J, Diz P, Martín Á, Carasol M, Frank A. The association between periodontitis and cerebrovascular disease, and dementia. Scientific report of the working group of the Spanish Society of Periodontology and the Spanish Society of Neurology. Neurologia 2024; 39:302-311. [PMID: 38224833 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article reviews the scientific evidence on the relationship between periodontitis and neurological disease, and particularly cerebrovascular disease and dementia. We also issue a series of recommendations regarding the prevention and management of periodontitis and these neurological diseases at dental clinics and neurology units. DEVELOPMENT In response to a series of questions proposed by the SEPA-SEN working group, a literature search was performed, with no restrictions on study design, to identify the most relevant articles on the association between periodontitis and cerebrovascular disease and dementia from the perspectives of epidemiology, treatment, and the biological mechanisms involved in these associations. CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis increases the risk of ischaemic stroke and Alzheimer dementia. Recurrent bacterial infections and increased low-grade systemic inflammation seem to be possible biological mechanisms underlying this association. Limited evidence suggests that various oral health interventions can reduce the future risk of cerebrovascular disease and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Leira
- Unidad de Periodoncia, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Neuroenvejecimiento, Laboratorio de Investigación en Neurociencias Clínicas (LINC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Grupo de Trabajo de la Sociedad Española de Periodoncia (SEPA) y Sociedad Española de Neurología (SEN), Madrid, Spain.
| | - J Vivancos
- Grupo de Trabajo de la Sociedad Española de Periodoncia (SEPA) y Sociedad Española de Neurología (SEN), Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Diz
- Grupo de Trabajo de la Sociedad Española de Periodoncia (SEPA) y Sociedad Española de Neurología (SEN), Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Pacientes Especiales, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Á Martín
- Grupo de Trabajo de la Sociedad Española de Periodoncia (SEPA) y Sociedad Española de Neurología (SEN), Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario de La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Carasol
- Grupo de Trabajo de la Sociedad Española de Periodoncia (SEPA) y Sociedad Española de Neurología (SEN), Madrid, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Etiología y Terapéutica de Enfermedades Periodontales y Periimplantarias, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Frank
- Grupo de Trabajo de la Sociedad Española de Periodoncia (SEPA) y Sociedad Española de Neurología (SEN), Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario de La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Bredács M, Kanatschnig E, Frank A, Oreski G, Pinter G, Gergely S. Identifying active and degraded phenolic antioxidants in aged PE with IR-microscopy. Polym Degrad Stab 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2023.110345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Hägerich LM, Dyrna FGE, Katthagen JC, Michel PA, Heilmann LF, Frank A, Raschke MJ, Schliemann B, Riesenbeck O. Cerclage performance analysis - a biomechanical comparison of different techniques and materials. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:1037. [PMID: 36451236 PMCID: PMC9714204 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05983-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wire cerclages play a fundamental role in fracture fixation. With an increasing variety of designs being commercially available the question arises which cerclage should be used. This study investigates the biomechanical properties of metallic and non-metallic cerclages and their different application-types. Furthermore, potential influence of muscular interposition between bone and cerclage constructs was tested. METHODS Samples of the following four different cerclage types were tested on 3D printed models of human humeri as well as on human cadaveric humeri with and without muscular interposition: Titanium Cable Cerclage (CC), Steel Wire Cerclage (SWC), Suture Tape (ST), Suture Tape Cerclage (STC) with both single- (sSTC) and double-loop application (dSTC). A preinstalled self-locking mechanism secured by the provided tensioner in the STCs being the main difference to the STs. Cyclic loading was performed to 1 kN and then linearly to a maximum load of 3 kN. Statistical analysis was performed using either one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey or Kruskal-Wallis and post-hoc Dunn test depending on normalization of data (p < 0.05). RESULTS Whilst all cerclage options could withstand high loads during failure testing, only within the CC and dSTC group, all samples reached the maximal testing load of 3000 N without any failure. The SWC reached 2977.5 ± 63.6 N, the ST 1970.8 ± 145.9 N, and the sSTC 1617.0 ± 341.6 N on average. Neither muscular interposition nor bone quality showed to have a negative influence on the biomechanical properties of the cerclage constructs, presenting no significant differences. CONCLUSION All tested cerclage constructs produce reliable stability but differ in their resulting compression forces, in a simplified fracture model. Therefore, non-metallic cerclage alternatives can provide similar stability with less compression and stiffness to metallic cable constructs, but they may offer several advantages and could possibly provide future benefits. Especially, by offering more elasticity without losing overall stability, may offer a biologic benefit. Installing any cerclage constructs should be performed carefully, especially if poor bone quality is present, as the tightening process leads to high forces on the construct.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. M. Hägerich
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building W1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - F. G. E. Dyrna
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building W1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - J. C. Katthagen
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building W1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - P. A. Michel
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building W1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - L. F. Heilmann
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building W1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - A. Frank
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building W1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - M. J. Raschke
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building W1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - B. Schliemann
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building W1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - O. Riesenbeck
- grid.16149.3b0000 0004 0551 4246Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building W1, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Russell DR, Burdiak GC, Carroll-Nellenback JJ, Halliday JWD, Hare JD, Merlini S, Suttle LG, Valenzuela-Villaseca V, Eardley SJ, Fullalove JA, Rowland GC, Smith RA, Frank A, Hartigan P, Velikovich AL, Chittenden JP, Lebedev SV. Perpendicular Subcritical Shock Structure in a Collisional Plasma Experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:225001. [PMID: 36493430 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.225001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We present a study of perpendicular subcritical shocks in a collisional laboratory plasma. Shocks are produced by placing obstacles into the supermagnetosonic outflow from an inverse wire array z pinch. We demonstrate the existence of subcritical shocks in this regime and find that secondary shocks form in the downstream. Detailed measurements of the subcritical shock structure confirm the absence of a hydrodynamic jump. We calculate the classical (Spitzer) resistive diffusion length and show that it is approximately equal to the shock width. We measure little heating across the shock (<10% of the ion kinetic energy) which is consistent with an absence of viscous dissipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Russell
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - G C Burdiak
- First Light Fusion Ltd, Yarnton, Kidlington OX5 1QU, United Kingdom
| | - J J Carroll-Nellenback
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - J W D Halliday
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - J D Hare
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Merlini
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - L G Suttle
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | | | - S J Eardley
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - J A Fullalove
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - G C Rowland
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - R A Smith
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - A Frank
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - P Hartigan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, USA
| | - A L Velikovich
- Plasma Physics Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - J P Chittenden
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - S V Lebedev
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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DeJong SM, Balasanova AA, Frank A, Ruble AE, Frew JR, Hoefer M, Rakocevic DB, Carey T, Renner JA, Schwartz AC. Addiction Teaching and Training in the General Psychiatry Setting. Acad Psychiatry 2022; 46:381-388. [PMID: 33709286 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-021-01431-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amber Frank
- Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anne E Ruble
- Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Julia R Frew
- Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH, USA
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Frank A, Subbey S, Kobras M, Gjøsæter H. Population dynamic regulators in an empirical predator-prey system. J Theor Biol 2021; 527:110814. [PMID: 34161793 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2021.110814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Capelin (Mallotus villosus) is a short-lived (1-4 years) fish species, that plays a crucial role by dominating the intermediate trophic level in the Barents Sea. Several episodes of extreme biomass decline (collapse) have been observed during the last three decades. We postulate that these collapses might be regulated by food availability (bottom-up effect) and/or by time discrepancy between capelin feeding and abundance of its prey (match-mismatch hypothesis). This paper investigates our postulate using a model consisting of a set of coupled differential equations to describe the predator-prey system, with a single delay term, τ, in description of the predator dynamics. We derive theoretical conditions on τ, as well as determine how changes in these conditions define different stability regimes of the system. Unconstrained optimization is used to calculate optimal model parameters by fitting the predator-prey model to empirical data. The optimization results are combined with those from the theoretical analysis, to make inference about the empirical system stability. Our results show that Hopf bifurcation occurs in the predatory-prey system when τ exceeds a theoretically derived value τ∗>0. This value represents the critical time for prey availability in advance of the optimal predator growth period.Set into an ecological context, our findings provide mathematical evidence for validity of the match-mismatch hypothesis and a bottom-up effect for capelin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Frank
- Computational Biology Unit, Dept. of Informatics, University of Bergen, PO Box 7803, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
| | - S Subbey
- Inst. of Marine Res, PO Box 1870, 5817 Bergen, Norway; Western Norway University of Applied Sciences (HVL), PO Box 7030, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
| | - M Kobras
- Dept. of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Reading Whiteknights, PO Box 220, Reading RG6 6AX, UK.
| | - H Gjøsæter
- Inst. of Marine Res, PO Box 1870, 5817 Bergen, Norway.
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Rogers R, Frank A, Gaufberg S, Jain P, Pels R, Stark R. A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood: Creating Community and Community-Level Knowledge for First-Year Residents. J Grad Med Educ 2021; 13:419-420. [PMID: 34178269 PMCID: PMC8207913 DOI: 10.4300/jgme-d-20-01324.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Rogers
- Assistant Program Director, Internal Medicine Residency Program, Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School
| | - Amber Frank
- Program Director, Adult Psychiatry Residency Program, Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School
| | - Slava Gaufberg
- Program Director, Transitional Year Residency Program, Department of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School
| | - Priyank Jain
- Associate Program Director, Internal Medicine Residency Program, Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School
| | - Richard Pels
- Chief of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Director of Graduate Medical Education, Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School
| | - Rachel Stark
- Program Director, Internal Medicine Residency Program, Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School
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Mann P, Frank A. Building Community and Promoting Resilience for Trainees Who Identify as Women of Color Through an Original, Resident-Led Seminar Series. Acad Psychiatry 2021; 45:49-53. [PMID: 33174102 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-020-01353-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amber Frank
- Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Frank A, Brianza S, Plecko M, Raschke MJ, Wähnert D. Variable Fixation Technology Provides Rigid as Well as Progressive Dynamic Fixation: A Biomechanical Investigation. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2020; 102:e115. [PMID: 33086351 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.19.01302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new locking-screw technology, the Variable Fixation Locking Screw (VFLS; Biomech Innovations), was developed with the aim of promoting secondary fracture-healing. The VFLS features a resorbable sleeve that progressively decreases its mechanical properties and mass during the fracture-healing time. In this study, we investigated whether the VFLS can provide rigid as well as progressive dynamic fixation. METHODS The interfragmentary stability provided by the VFLS was tested in a simulated fracture-gap model and compared with that provided by standard locking or by a combination of both technologies under compression and torsional loading. Tests were performed with an intact sleeve (initial condition) and after its chemical dissolution. An optical measurement system was used to characterize interfragmentary movements. RESULTS The axial stiffness did not differ significantly among groups in the initial condition. Sleeve resorption significantly decreased construct stiffness. The torsional stiffness of the samples instrumented with the VFLS was lower than that of the control group. The degradation of the sleeve resulted in a significant increase in axial displacement recorded at both the cis and trans cortices. In samples featuring combined technologies, this increase was about 12% to 20% at the trans cortex and about 50% to 60% at the cis cortex. In samples featuring VFLS technology only, this increase was about 20% to 37% at the trans cortex and about 70% to 125% at the cis cortex. CONCLUSIONS The initial stability offered by the VFLS is equivalent to that of standard locking-screw technology. The resorption of the degradable sleeve leads to effective and reproducible fracture-gap dynamization, progressively varying the way the fracture gap is strained and the magnitude of the strain. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The VFLS provides rigid and progressive dynamic fixation in vitro. Such variable stability might have beneficial effects in terms of triggering and boosting secondary fracture-healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Frank
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Medicine, Westfaelische-Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - S Brianza
- Biomech Innovations AG, Nidau, Switzerland
| | - M Plecko
- Unfallkrankenhaus Steiermark, Graz, Austria
| | - M J Raschke
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - D Wähnert
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Medicine, Westfaelische-Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, Bielefeld, Germany
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Frank A, Berlin R, Adelsky S, Robinson L. Transitions in Care: A Workshop to Help Residents and Fellows Provide Safe, Effective Handoffs for Acute Psychiatric Patients. MedEdPORTAL 2020; 16:10951. [PMID: 32875095 PMCID: PMC7449575 DOI: 10.15766/mep_2374-8265.10951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Focused training in care transitions is an ACGME-required component of resident education. However, there are limited published curricular resources specific to trainees in psychiatry to help develop this crucial skill. METHODS We developed a 90-minute interactive workshop on care transitions in psychiatry for general adult psychiatry residents (PGY 2-PGY 4), child and adolescent fellows, and consult-liaison fellows. Trainees collaborated in interdisciplinary teams to explore a vignette in which a patient moved through four different venues of care (outpatient, emergency department, inpatient medical, and inpatient psychiatric). Guiding questions prompted discussions of critical issues related to logistics and clinical communication for each transition between care environments. RESULTS In a postworkshop anonymous survey, 100% of trainee participants (n = 30) felt the workshop was successful in creating the opportunity to develop relationships with, and learn from, colleagues at other levels of psychiatry training. Ninety percent responded affirmatively that they were able to identify key elements of an effective handoff for an acute psychiatric patient. Eighty-three percent identified being able to describe logistical steps for transferring the care of patients between mental health services at their institution. DISCUSSION Trainee participants found the workshop beneficial for understanding the steps needed to transfer patients between levels of care safely, discussing and debating gray areas with peers and faculty, and developing interdisciplinary relationships within psychiatry. Faculty participants described an interest in using the workshop as a faculty development exercise. This workshop fills a critical gap in available curricula on transitions in care in psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Frank
- Co-director, Adult Psychiatry Residency, Cambridge Health Alliance; Instructor, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School
| | - Rachel Berlin
- Attending Psychiatrist, Commonwealth Psychology Associates
| | - Solomon Adelsky
- Attending Psychiatrist, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cambridge Health Alliance
| | - Lee Robinson
- Training Director, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowship, Cambridge Health Alliance; Instructor, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School
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Patel NA, Sreshta N, Frank A, Marlin RP, Boyd JW. Psychiatric Resident Participation in an Asylum Clinic: a Single-Institutional Experience. Acad Psychiatry 2019; 43:56-60. [PMID: 29687306 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-018-0925-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study describes the experiences of adult psychiatry residents working in an established faculty-led asylum clinic within a community-based, academic residency program at the Cambridge Health Alliance. METHODS Eighteen psychiatry residents who participated in the asylum clinic were sent electronic surveys asking about their background and experience. Respondents' responses were collected anonymously. RESULTS Sixteen out of 18 (89%) trainees responded. Thirteen respondents had a personal history with immigration. Fifty-three percent of residents wanted to utilize their professional standing to advance moral good. Writing up affidavits was noted to be challenging by nine (60%) of 15 trainees. Ninety-four percent (15/16) of trainees noted that they would be willing to perform future evaluations. Most noted that performing evaluations had a significant impact on their clinical practice and their conceptualization of their own roles as psychiatrists. CONCLUSIONS Participating in asylum evaluations impacts residents' sense of themselves as psychiatrists and expands their views about psychiatrists' roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil A Patel
- Cambridge Health Alliance/Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nina Sreshta
- Cambridge Health Alliance/Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Amber Frank
- Cambridge Health Alliance/Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert P Marlin
- Cambridge Health Alliance/Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J Wesley Boyd
- Cambridge Health Alliance/Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Schwartz AC, Frank A, Welsh JW, Blankenship K, DeJong SM. Addictions Training in General Psychiatry Training Programs: Current Gaps and Barriers. Acad Psychiatry 2018; 42:642-647. [PMID: 30073538 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-018-0950-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary purpose of this article is to review the findings of a 2017 survey of psychiatry training program directors to identify current gaps and barriers in addictions training in general adult psychiatry programs. METHODS The American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training (AADPRT) Taskforce on Addictions was created in 2017 with the aim of determining what programs need to improve addictions training in psychiatry residency programs and identifying ways to meet these needs. A 23-item confidential, anonymous online survey was developed and disseminated to AADPRT members who were general psychiatry program directors using the AADPRT Listserv (n = 200). RESULTS Eighty-five programs (42%) responded to the survey. Programs reported that addictions training often takes place in general psychiatry settings rather than specialty settings. Curriculum content and clinical experiences varied substantially between programs. The lack of addictions-trained faculty members was identified as an impediment to providing more comprehensive training. CONCLUSION While a lack of advanced training in addictions among faculty may be a limiting factor, developing expertise through faculty development activities and nationally disseminating model curricula can help improve national addictions training. Future goals include development of a strategic plan for improving addictions training, including an outline of a developmental approach across training to the acquisition of milestones-based competencies that apply to addictions assessment and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amber Frank
- Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Frank A, Carroll-Nellenback J, Alberti M, Kleidon A. The Anthropocene Generalized: Evolution of Exo-Civilizations and Their Planetary Feedback. Astrobiology 2018; 18:503-518. [PMID: 29791236 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2017.1671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present a framework for studying generic behaviors possible in the interaction between a resource-harvesting technological civilization (an exo-civilization) and the planetary environment in which it evolves. Using methods from dynamical systems theory, we introduce and analyze a suite of simple equations modeling a population which consumes resources for the purpose of running a technological civilization and the feedback those resources drive on the state of the host planet. The feedbacks can drive the planet away from the initial state the civilization originated in and into domains that are detrimental to its sustainability. Our models conceptualize the problem primarily in terms of feedbacks from the resource use onto the coupled planetary systems. In addition, we also model the population growth advantages gained via the harvesting of these resources. We present three models of increasing complexity: (1) Civilization-planetary interaction with a single resource; (2) Civilization-planetary interaction with two resources each of which has a different level of planetary system feedback; (3) Civilization-planetary interaction with two resources and nonlinear planetary feedback (i.e., runaways). All three models show distinct classes of exo-civilization trajectories. We find smooth entries into long-term, "sustainable" steady states. We also find population booms followed by various levels of "die-off." Finally, we also observe rapid "collapse" trajectories for which the population approaches n = 0. Our results are part of a program for developing an "Astrobiology of the Anthropocene" in which questions of sustainability, centered on the coupled Earth-system, can be seen in their proper astronomical/planetary context. We conclude by discussing the implications of our results for both the coupled Earth system and for the consideration of exo-civilizations across cosmic history. Key Words: Anthropocene-Astrobiology-Civilization-Dynamical system theory-Exoplanets-Population dynamics. Astrobiology 18, 503-518.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Frank
- 1 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York, USA
| | | | - M Alberti
- 2 Department of Urban Design and Planning, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - A Kleidon
- 3 Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry , Jena, Germany
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15
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Schumacher D, Bedacht S, Blažević A, Busold S, Cayzac W, Frank A, Heßling T, Kraus D, Ortner A, Schaumann G, Roth M. Temperature measurement of hohlraum radiation for energy loss experiments in indirectly laser heated carbon plasma. Phys Rev E 2017; 96:043210. [PMID: 29347630 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.96.043210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
For ion energy loss measurements in plasmas with near solid densities, an indirect laser heating scheme for carbon foils has been developed at GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH (Darmstadt, Germany). To achieve an electron density of 10^{22}cm^{3} and an electron temperature of 10-30eV, two carbon foils with an areal density of 100μg/cm^{2} heated in a double-hohlraum configuration have been chosen. In this paper we present the results of temperature measurements of both primary and secondary hohlraums for two different hohlraum designs. They were heated by the PHELIX laser with a wavelength of 527nm and an energy of 150J in 1.5ns. For this purpose the temperature has been investigated by an x-ray streak camera with a transmission grating as the dispersive element.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Schumacher
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - S Bedacht
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Blažević
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany.,Helmholtzinstitut Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - S Busold
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - W Cayzac
- CEA - DAM Ile de France, Bruyères-le-Châtel, France
| | - A Frank
- Helmholtzinstitut Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - T Heßling
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D Kraus
- Helmholtzzentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Ortner
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - G Schaumann
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Roth
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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16
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Frank S, Frank A. THE ELECTROCARDIOGRAM IN CENTENARIANS. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.4680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Frank
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois,
| | - A. Frank
- Department of Family and Community Medicine University of Missouri, School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri
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17
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Sysoltseva M, Winterhalter R, Matzen W, Frank A, Scheu C, Fromme H. Charakterisierung von Partikelemissionen aus Haushaltsgeräten. Gesundheitswesen 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1602031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Sysoltseva
- Bayerisches Landesamt für Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit, München
| | - R Winterhalter
- Bayerisches Landesamt für Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit, München
| | - W Matzen
- Bayerisches Landesamt für Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit, München
| | - A Frank
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Düsseldorf
| | - C Scheu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Düsseldorf
| | - H Fromme
- Bayerisches Landesamt für Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit, München
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18
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Frank A, Feth M, Haab M, Metz C, Flaig M, Seiler F, Fähndrich S, Bals R, Lepper PM, Trudzinski F. Patienten mit Leberfunktionsstörungen an ECMO haben eine erhöhte Mortalität. Pneumologie 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Frank
- Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
| | - M Feth
- Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
| | - M Haab
- Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
| | - C Metz
- Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
| | - M Flaig
- Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
| | - F Seiler
- Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
| | | | - R Bals
- Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
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19
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Feth M, Frank A, Seiler F, Kamp A, Flaig M, Langer F, Wilkens H, Bals R, Lepper PM, Trudzinski F. Verlauf und Prognose von Patienten mit Cystischer Fibrose unter Behandlung mit Extrakorporaler Membranoxygenierung (ECMO). Pneumologie 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Feth
- Klinik für Innere Medizin V, Pneumologie, Allergologie, Beatmungs- und Umweltmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
| | - A Frank
- Klinik für Innere Medizin V, Pneumologie, Allergologie, Beatmungs- und Umweltmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
| | - F Seiler
- Klinik für Innere Medizin V, Pneumologie, Allergologie, Beatmungs- und Umweltmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
| | - A Kamp
- Klinik für Innere Medizin V, Pneumologie, Allergologie, Beatmungs- und Umweltmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
| | - M Flaig
- Klinik für Innere Medizin V, Pneumologie, Allergologie, Beatmungs- und Umweltmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
| | - F Langer
- Klinik für Herz-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
| | - H Wilkens
- Klinik für Innere Medizin V, Pneumologie, Allergologie, Beatmungs- und Umweltmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
| | - R Bals
- Klinik für Innere Medizin V, Pneumologie, Allergologie, Beatmungs- und Umweltmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
| | - PM Lepper
- Klinik für Innere Medizin V, Pneumologie, Allergologie, Beatmungs- und Umweltmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
| | - F Trudzinski
- Klinik für Innere Medizin V, Pneumologie, Allergologie, Beatmungs- und Umweltmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes
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20
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21
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Li CK, Tzeferacos P, Lamb D, Gregori G, Norreys PA, Rosenberg MJ, Follett RK, Froula DH, Koenig M, Seguin FH, Frenje JA, Rinderknecht HG, Sio H, Zylstra AB, Petrasso RD, Amendt PA, Park HS, Remington BA, Ryutov DD, Wilks SC, Betti R, Frank A, Hu SX, Sangster TC, Hartigan P, Drake RP, Kuranz CC, Lebedev SV, Woolsey NC. Scaled laboratory experiments explain the kink behaviour of the Crab Nebula jet. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13081. [PMID: 27713403 PMCID: PMC5059765 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The remarkable discovery by the Chandra X-ray observatory that the Crab nebula's jet periodically changes direction provides a challenge to our understanding of astrophysical jet dynamics. It has been suggested that this phenomenon may be the consequence of magnetic fields and magnetohydrodynamic instabilities, but experimental demonstration in a controlled laboratory environment has remained elusive. Here we report experiments that use high-power lasers to create a plasma jet that can be directly compared with the Crab jet through well-defined physical scaling laws. The jet generates its own embedded toroidal magnetic fields; as it moves, plasma instabilities result in multiple deflections of the propagation direction, mimicking the kink behaviour of the Crab jet. The experiment is modelled with three-dimensional numerical simulations that show exactly how the instability develops and results in changes of direction of the jet. The periodical change of the Crab nebula's jet direction challenges our understanding of astrophysical jet dynamics. Here the authors use high-power lasers to create a jet that can be directly compared to the Crab nebula's, and report the detection of plasma instabilities that mimic kink behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Li
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - P Tzeferacos
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - D Lamb
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - G Gregori
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK
| | - P A Norreys
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK
| | - M J Rosenberg
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - R K Follett
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - D H Froula
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - M Koenig
- LULI-CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, CEA: Université Paris-Saclay; UPMC Univ Paris 06: Sorbonne Universités, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France.,Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - F H Seguin
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - J A Frenje
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - H G Rinderknecht
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - H Sio
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - A B Zylstra
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - R D Petrasso
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - P A Amendt
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - H S Park
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - B A Remington
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - D D Ryutov
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - S C Wilks
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - R Betti
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - A Frank
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - S X Hu
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - T C Sangster
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - P Hartigan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University 6100 S. Main, Houston, Texas 77521, USA
| | - R P Drake
- Department of Atmospheric, Ocean and Space Science, University of Michigan, 2455 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48103, USA
| | - C C Kuranz
- Department of Atmospheric, Ocean and Space Science, University of Michigan, 2455 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48103, USA
| | - S V Lebedev
- The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, UK
| | - N C Woolsey
- Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5D, UK
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22
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Alvarez J, Frank A, Clegg D. Gastric bypass surgery is associated with reduction in ovarian endoplasmic reticulum stress. Fertil Steril 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.07.1103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Müller GM, Quan W, Lenner M, Yang L, Frank A, Bohnert K. Fiber-optic current sensor with self-compensation of source wavelength changes. Opt Lett 2016; 41:2867-2870. [PMID: 27304309 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.002867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a method for self-compensation of scale factor changes of an interferometric fiber-optic current sensor caused by source wavelength shifts, e.g., due to changes in source temperature or drive current. An adequately tailored fiber-optic retarder in the optical circuit introduces wavelength-dependent mixing of the orthogonal polarization modes of the sensor. The resulting change in scale factor balances the variation of the Faraday effect with wavelength. The wavelength dependence of the sensor is suppressed by more than an order of magnitude to <0.2% over wavelength spans of at least 10 nm around 1305 nm. The retarder is designed as an athermal device for operation between -40°C and 80°C.
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24
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Suttle LG, Hare JD, Lebedev SV, Swadling GF, Burdiak GC, Ciardi A, Chittenden JP, Loureiro NF, Niasse N, Suzuki-Vidal F, Wu J, Yang Q, Clayson T, Frank A, Robinson TS, Smith RA, Stuart N. Structure of a Magnetic Flux Annihilation Layer Formed by the Collision of Supersonic, Magnetized Plasma Flows. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:225001. [PMID: 27314720 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.225001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present experiments characterizing the detailed structure of a current layer, generated by the collision of two counterstreaming, supersonic and magnetized aluminum plasma flows. The antiparallel magnetic fields advected by the flows are found to be mutually annihilated inside the layer, giving rise to a bifurcated current structure-two narrow current sheets running along the outside surfaces of the layer. Measurements with Thomson scattering show a fast outflow of plasma along the layer and a high ion temperature (T_{i}∼Z[over ¯]T_{e}, with average ionization Z[over ¯]=7). Analysis of the spatially resolved plasma parameters indicates that the advection and subsequent annihilation of the inflowing magnetic flux determines the structure of the layer, while the ion heating could be due to the development of kinetic, current-driven instabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Suttle
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - J D Hare
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - S V Lebedev
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - G F Swadling
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - G C Burdiak
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - A Ciardi
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Universités Paris 6, UMR 8112, LERMA, Paris F-75005, France
- LERMA, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 8112, Paris F-75014, France
| | - J P Chittenden
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - N F Loureiro
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Niasse
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - F Suzuki-Vidal
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - J Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Q Yang
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - T Clayson
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - A Frank
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - T S Robinson
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - R A Smith
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - N Stuart
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
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25
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Müller GM, Gu X, Yang L, Frank A, Bohnert K. Inherent temperature compensation of fiber-optic current sensors employing spun highly birefringent fiber. Opt Express 2016; 24:11164-11173. [PMID: 27409938 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.011164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the various contributions to the temperature dependence of an interferometric fiber-optic current sensor employing spun highly-birefringent sensing fiber, in particular, the contributions from the fiber retarder at the fiber coil entrance, the spun fiber's birefringence, and the Faraday effect. We theoretically and experimentally demonstrate that an appropriately designed retarder inherently compensates the temperature dependence of the fiber birefringence and the Faraday effect. We demonstrate insensitivity to temperature to within ± 0.2% between -40 and + 85 °C. Furthermore, we analyze the influence of the retarder parameters on the linearity of the recovered magneto-optic phase shift vs. current and determine a set of parameters that results in a perfectly linear relationship.
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Abstract
UNLABELLED In this article, we address the cosmic frequency of technological species. Recent advances in exoplanet studies provide strong constraints on all astrophysical terms in the Drake equation. Using these and modifying the form and intent of the Drake equation, we set a firm lower bound on the probability that one or more technological species have evolved anywhere and at any time in the history of the observable Universe. We find that as long as the probability that a habitable zone planet develops a technological species is larger than ∼10(-24), humanity is not the only time technological intelligence has evolved. This constraint has important scientific and philosophical consequences. KEY WORDS Life-Intelligence-Extraterrestrial life. Astrobiology 2016, 359-362.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Frank
- 1 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York
| | - W T Sullivan
- 2 Department of Astronomy and Astrobiology Program, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
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Kiss S, Zsikla V, Frank A, Willi N, Cathomas G. Helicobacter-negative gastritis: polymerase chain reaction for Helicobacter DNA is a valuable tool to elucidate the diagnosis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2016; 43:924-932. [PMID: 26890160 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter-negative gastritis has been increasingly reported. Molecular techniques as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) may detect bacterial DNA in histologically negative gastritis. AIM To evaluate of Helicobacter PCR in gastric biopsies for the daily diagnostics of Helicobacter-negative gastritis. METHODS Over a 5-year period, routine biopsies with chronic gastritis reminiscent of Helicobacter infection, but negative by histology, were tested by using a H. pylori specific PCR. Subsequently, PCR-negative samples were re-evaluated using PCR for other Helicobacter species. RESULTS Of the 9184 gastric biopsies, 339 (3.7%) with histological-negative gastritis and adequate material were forwarded to PCR analysis for H. pylori and 146 (43.1%) revealed a positive result. In 193 H. pylori DNA-negative biopsies, re-analysis using PCR primers for other Helicobacter species, revealed further 23 (11.9%) positive biopsies, including 4 (2.1%) biopsies with H. heilmannii sensu lato. PCR-positive biopsies showed a higher overall inflammatory score, more lymphoid follicles/aggregates and neutrophils (P < 0.05). No Helicobacter DNA was found in control biopsies of 48 patients with neither primer set (P < 0.0001). In 274 patients with an endoscopic description, detection of H. pylori DNA was associated with ulcers and erosions (P < 0.01). Over all, in 339 histologically-negative gastric biopsies, Helicobacter DNA was detected in 169 (49.9%) samples with at least one primer set. CONCLUSION Molecular testing offers a sensitive and specific diagnosis to a selected group of patients, in whom adequate searches for bacteria by conventional histology have resulted in the unsatisfactory diagnosis of H. pylori-negative gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kiss
- Institute of Pathology, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - V Zsikla
- Institute of Pathology, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - A Frank
- Institute of Pathology, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - N Willi
- Institute of Pathology, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - G Cathomas
- Institute of Pathology, Kantonsspital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
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Lancia L, Giribono A, Vassura L, Chiaramello M, Riconda C, Weber S, Castan A, Chatelain A, Frank A, Gangolf T, Quinn MN, Fuchs J, Marquès JR. Signatures of the Self-Similar Regime of Strongly Coupled Stimulated Brillouin Scattering for Efficient Short Laser Pulse Amplification. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:075001. [PMID: 26943539 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.075001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasma-based laser amplification is considered as a possible way to overcome the technological limits of present day laser systems and achieve exawatt laser pulses. Efficient amplification of a picosecond laser pulse by stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) of a pump pulse in a plasma requires to reach the self-similar regime of the strongly coupled (SC) SBS. In this Letter, we report on the first observation of the signatures of the transition from linear to self-similar regimes of SC-SBS, so far only predicted by theory and simulations. With a new fully head-on collision geometry, subpicosecond pulses are amplified by a factor of 5 with energy transfers of few tens of mJ. We observe pulse shortening, frequency spectrum broadening, and down-shifting for increasing gain, signatures of SC-SBS amplification entering the self-similar regime. This is also confirmed by the power law dependence of the gain on the amplification length: doubling the interaction length increases the gain by a factor 1.4. Pump backward Raman scattering (BRS) on SC-SBS amplification has been measured for the first time, showing a strong decrease of the BRS amplitude and frequency bandwidth when SBS seed amplification occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lancia
- Dipartimento SBAI, Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Via Antonio Scarpa 14, 00161 Rome, Italy
- INFN-Sezione Roma 1-SAPIENZA, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - A Giribono
- Dipartimento SBAI, Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Via Antonio Scarpa 14, 00161 Rome, Italy
- INFN-Sezione Roma 1-SAPIENZA, University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - L Vassura
- Dipartimento SBAI, Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Via Antonio Scarpa 14, 00161 Rome, Italy
- LULI-CNRS, École Polytechnique, CEA: Université Paris-Saclay; UPMC Université Paris 06: Sorbonne Universités, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - M Chiaramello
- LULI-UPMC Université Paris 06: Sorbonne Universités; CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, CEA: Université Paris-Saclay, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - C Riconda
- LULI-UPMC Université Paris 06: Sorbonne Universités; CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, CEA: Université Paris-Saclay, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - S Weber
- Institute of Physics of the ASCR, ELI-Beamlines, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Castan
- LULI-CEA, CNRS, École Polytechnique: Université Paris-Saclay; UPMC Université Paris 06: Sorbonne Universités, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - A Chatelain
- LULI-CNRS, École Polytechnique, CEA: Université Paris-Saclay; UPMC Université Paris 06: Sorbonne Universités, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - A Frank
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - T Gangolf
- LULI-CEA, CNRS, École Polytechnique: Université Paris-Saclay; UPMC Université Paris 06: Sorbonne Universités, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
- ILPP, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M N Quinn
- IZEST, CEA, École Polytechnique, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - J Fuchs
- LULI-CNRS, École Polytechnique, CEA: Université Paris-Saclay; UPMC Université Paris 06: Sorbonne Universités, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - J-R Marquès
- LULI-CNRS, École Polytechnique, CEA: Université Paris-Saclay; UPMC Université Paris 06: Sorbonne Universités, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
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Cayzac W, Bagnoud V, Basko MM, Blažević A, Frank A, Gericke DO, Hallo L, Malka G, Ortner A, Tauschwitz A, Vorberger J, Roth M. Predictions for the energy loss of light ions in laser-generated plasmas at low and medium velocities. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2015; 92:053109. [PMID: 26651804 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.92.053109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The energy loss of light ions in dense plasmas is investigated with special focus on low to medium projectile energies, i.e., at velocities where the maximum of the stopping power occurs. In this region, exceptionally large theoretical uncertainties remain and no conclusive experimental data are available. We perform simulations of beam-plasma configurations well suited for an experimental test of ion energy loss in highly ionized, laser-generated carbon plasmas. The plasma parameters are extracted from two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations, and a Monte Carlo calculation of the charge-state distribution of the projectile ion beam determines the dynamics of the ion charge state over the whole plasma profile. We show that the discrepancies in the energy loss predicted by different theoretical models are as high as 20-30%, making these theories well distinguishable in suitable experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Cayzac
- Université Bordeaux-CEA-CNRS, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, UMR 5107, 33405 Talence, France
| | - V Bagnoud
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - M M Basko
- Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics (KIAM), Miusskaya sq. 4, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - A Blažević
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - A Frank
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - D O Gericke
- Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - L Hallo
- CEA-Cesta, 15 Avenue des Sablières BP2, CS 60001, 33116, Le Barp, France
| | - G Malka
- Université Bordeaux-CEA-CNRS, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, UMR 5107, 33405 Talence, France
| | - A Ortner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstr. 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - An Tauschwitz
- Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - J Vorberger
- Max-Planck Institute for the Physics of complex systems, Nöthnitzer Str. 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - M Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstr. 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Majer
- Brno University of Technology; Brno 616 69 Czech Republic
| | - P. Hutař
- Institute of Physics of Materials; Brno 616 62 Czech Republic
| | - A. Frank
- Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH; Leoben A-8700 Austria
| | - M. Ševčík
- CEITEC IPM, Institute of Physics of Materials; Brno 616 62 Czech Republic
| | - M. Zouhar
- Institute of Physics of Materials; Brno 616 62 Czech Republic
| | - G. Pinter
- Montanuniversitaet Leoben; Leoben A-8700 Austria
| | - L. Náhlík
- CEITEC IPM, Institute of Physics of Materials; Brno 616 62 Czech Republic
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Frank A. Von Frau zu Frau – Beratung als Unterstützungsangebot. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1558394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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33
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Ortner A, Frank A, Blažević A, Roth M. Role of charge transfer in heavy-ion-beam-plasma interactions at intermediate energies. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2015; 91:023104. [PMID: 25768615 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.91.023104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we investigate the influence of the plasma properties on the charge state distribution of a swift heavy ion beam interacting with a plasma. The main finding is that the charge state in plasma can be lower than in cold matter. The charge state distribution is determined by the ionization and recombination rates which are balancing each other out. Both, ionization and recombination rates, as well as atomic excitation and decay rates, depend on the plasma parameters in different ways. These effects have been theoretically studied by Monte Carlo simulations on the example of an argon ion beam at an energy of 4MeV/u in a carbon plasma. This study covers a plasma parameter space ranging from ion densities from 10(18) to 10(23) cm(-3) and electron temperatures from 10 to 200 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ortner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Frank
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - A Blažević
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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Albertazzi B, Ciardi A, Nakatsutsumi M, Vinci T, Béard J, Bonito R, Billette J, Borghesi M, Burkley Z, Chen SN, Cowan TE, Herrmannsdörfer T, Higginson DP, Kroll F, Pikuz SA, Naughton K, Romagnani L, Riconda C, Revet G, Riquier R, Schlenvoigt HP, Skobelev IY, Faenov AY, Soloviev A, Huarte-Espinosa M, Frank A, Portugall O, Pépin H, Fuchs J. Laboratory formation of a scaled protostellar jet by coaligned poloidal magnetic field. Science 2014; 346:325-8. [PMID: 25324383 DOI: 10.1126/science.1259694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Although bipolar jets are seen emerging from a wide variety of astrophysical systems, the issue of their formation and morphology beyond their launching is still under study. Our scaled laboratory experiments, representative of young stellar object outflows, reveal that stable and narrow collimation of the entire flow can result from the presence of a poloidal magnetic field whose strength is consistent with observations. The laboratory plasma becomes focused with an interior cavity. This gives rise to a standing conical shock from which the jet emerges. Following simulations of the process at the full astrophysical scale, we conclude that it can also explain recently discovered x-ray emission features observed in low-density regions at the base of protostellar jets, such as the well-studied jet HH 154.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Albertazzi
- Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Energie, Matériaux, Télécommunications (INRS-EMT), Varennes, Québec, Canada. Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - A Ciardi
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université. Paris 06, UMR 8112, Laboratoire d'Etudes du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), F-75005 Paris, France. Observatoire de Paris and CNRS, UMR 8112, LERMA, Paris, France
| | - M Nakatsutsumi
- Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - T Vinci
- Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - J Béard
- Laboratoire National des Champs magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI), UPR 3228, CNRS-Université Joseph Fourier (UJF)-Université Paul Sabatier (UPS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - R Bonito
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università di Palermo, Piazza del Parlamento, I-1 90134 Palermo, Italy. National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF)-Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo, Piazza del Parlamento, I-1 90134 Palermo, Italy
| | - J Billette
- Laboratoire National des Champs magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI), UPR 3228, CNRS-Université Joseph Fourier (UJF)-Université Paul Sabatier (UPS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - M Borghesi
- School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK. Institute of Physics of the Academy of Science of the Czech Republic (ASCR), Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI)-Beamlines Project, Na Slovance 2, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Z Burkley
- Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - S N Chen
- Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - T E Cowan
- Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - T Herrmannsdörfer
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - D P Higginson
- Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - F Kroll
- Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - S A Pikuz
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures Russian Academy of Science (RAS), Moscow 125412, Russia. National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Naughton
- School of Mathematics and Physics, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
| | - L Romagnani
- Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - C Riconda
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR 7605, LULI, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - G Revet
- Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - R Riquier
- Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France. CEA-Bruyères le Chatel, F-91297 Arpajon, France
| | - H-P Schlenvoigt
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - I Yu Skobelev
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures Russian Academy of Science (RAS), Moscow 125412, Russia
| | - A Ya Faenov
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures Russian Academy of Science (RAS), Moscow 125412, Russia. Institute for Academic Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - A Soloviev
- Institute of Applied Physics, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - M Huarte-Espinosa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA. Center for Advanced Computing and Data Systems, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - A Frank
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - O Portugall
- Laboratoire National des Champs magnétiques Intenses (LNCMI), UPR 3228, CNRS-Université Joseph Fourier (UJF)-Université Paul Sabatier (UPS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - H Pépin
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Energie, Matériaux, Télécommunications (INRS-EMT), Varennes, Québec, Canada
| | - J Fuchs
- Laboratoire d'Utilisation des Lasers Intenses (LULI), École Polytechnique, CNRS, Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), F-91128 Palaiseau, France. Institute of Applied Physics, 46 Ulyanov Street, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
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Singh P, Feld R, Colombe B, Farber J, Herman J, Gulati R, Maley W, Frank A. Sensitization and Anatomic Features of Late Renal Allograft Failure: Radiologic and Pathologic Findings of Quiescent and Symptomatic Failed Grafts. Transplantation 2014. [DOI: 10.1097/00007890-201407151-01892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
The title compound, which may be prepared from C5H5(CO)2Mn—P(Ph)Cl2 and Fe2(CO)9 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C 2/c with a = 1579(2), b = 1592(2), c = 1790(3) pm, β = 97.2(1)°, Z = 8. The structure was solved by direct methods. Full matrix refinement led to R1= 0.066. The compound contains a threemembered metallocycle with two iron and one manganes atoms. Each iron atom bears three terminal carbonyl groups; the two CO-ligands of the C5H5Mn(CO)2 fragment form unsymmetrical bridges with the two iron atoms. The metal triangel is capped by a Ph—P group with a triply bridging phosphorus atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Huttner
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut der Technischen Universität München
| | - A. Frank
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut der Technischen Universität München
| | - G. Mohr
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut der Technischen Universität München
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37
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Kraus D, Vorberger J, Gericke DO, Bagnoud V, Blažević A, Cayzac W, Frank A, Gregori G, Ortner A, Otten A, Roth F, Schaumann G, Schumacher D, Siegenthaler K, Wagner F, Wünsch K, Roth M. Probing the complex ion structure in liquid carbon at 100 GPa. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:255501. [PMID: 24483747 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.255501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present the first direct experimental test of the complex ion structure in liquid carbon at pressures around 100 GPa, using spectrally resolved x-ray scattering from shock-compressed graphite samples. Our results confirm the structure predicted by ab initio quantum simulations and demonstrate the importance of chemical bonds at extreme conditions similar to those found in the interiors of giant planets. The evidence presented here thus provides a firmer ground for modeling the evolution and current structure of carbon-bearing icy giants like Neptune, Uranus, and a number of extrasolar planets.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kraus
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J Vorberger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Straße 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - D O Gericke
- Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - V Bagnoud
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Blažević
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - W Cayzac
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany and Université de Bordeaux-CEA-CNRS CELIA UMR 5107, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
| | - A Frank
- Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Fröbelstieg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - G Gregori
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - A Ortner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Otten
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - F Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - G Schaumann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D Schumacher
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - K Siegenthaler
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - F Wagner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - K Wünsch
- Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom and Tessella, 26 The Quadrant, Abingdon OX14 3YS, United Kingdom
| | - M Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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Huttner G, Frank A, Fischer EO. Transition Metal Carbyne Complexes, XXIX. Metal Carbon Triple Bonds: X-Ray Studies on Group VIa Metal Carbyne Complexes. Isr J Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.197600027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Lewis L, Graffeo C, Crosley P, Klausner H, Clark C, Frank A, Miner J, Iarrobino R, Chyung Y. Ecallantide for the Acute Treatment of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor-Induced Angioedema: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial. Ann Emerg Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.07.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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40
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Frank A. A future forum for occupational health: role of vocational rehabilitation. Occup Med (Lond) 2013; 63:306. [DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqt030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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41
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Frank A, Blažević A, Bagnoud V, Basko MM, Börner M, Cayzac W, Kraus D, Hessling T, Hoffmann DHH, Ortner A, Otten A, Pelka A, Pepler D, Schumacher D, Tauschwitz A, Roth M. Energy loss and charge transfer of argon in a laser-generated carbon plasma. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:115001. [PMID: 25166546 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.115001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports on the measurement of the energy loss and the projectile charge states of argon ions at an energy of 4 MeV/u penetrating a fully ionized carbon plasma. The plasma of n(e)≈10(20) cm(-3) and T(e)≈180 eV is created by two laser beams at λ(Las)=532 nm incident from opposite sides on a thin carbon foil. The resulting plasma is spatially homogenous and allows us to record precise experimental data. The data show an increase of a factor of 2 in the stopping power which is in very good agreement with a specifically developed Monte Carlo code, that allows the calculation of the heavy ion beam's charge state distribution and its energy loss in the plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Frank
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
| | - A Blažević
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, Darmstadt D-64291, Germany
| | - V Bagnoud
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, Darmstadt D-64291, Germany
| | - M M Basko
- ITEP, B. Cheremushkinskaja 25, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - M Börner
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
| | - W Cayzac
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
| | - D Kraus
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
| | - T Hessling
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, Darmstadt D-64291, Germany
| | - D H H Hoffmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
| | - A Ortner
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
| | - A Otten
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
| | - A Pelka
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
| | - D Pepler
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - D Schumacher
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
| | - An Tauschwitz
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - M Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, Darmstadt D-64289, Germany
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Bast F, Frank A, Schrom T. Balloon Dilatation of the Eustachian Tube: Postoperative Validation of Patient Satisfaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 75:361-5. [DOI: 10.1159/000358254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sedlmair M, Frank A, Munzner T, Butz A. RelEx: Visualization for Actively Changing Overlay Network Specifications. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2012; 18:2729-2738. [PMID: 26357182 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2012.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a network visualization design study focused on supporting automotive engineers who need to specify and optimize traffic patterns for in-car communication networks. The task and data abstractions that we derived support actively making changes to an overlay network, where logical communication specifications must be mapped to an underlying physical network. These abstractions are very different from the dominant use case in visual network analysis, namely identifying clusters and central nodes, that stems from the domain of social network analysis. Our visualization tool RelEx was created and iteratively refined through a full user-centered design process that included a full problem characterization phase before tool design began, paper prototyping, iterative refinement in close collaboration with expert users for formative evaluation, deployment in the field with real analysts using their own data, usability testing with non-expert users, and summative evaluation at the end of the deployment. In the summative post-deployment study, which entailed domain experts using the tool over several weeks in their daily practice, we documented many examples where the use of RelEx simplified or sped up their work compared to previous practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sedlmair
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver,
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44
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Lubrini G, Perianez JA, Rios-Lago M, Frank A. [Processing speed in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: the role played by the depressive symptoms]. Rev Neurol 2012; 55:585-592. [PMID: 23143959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reduced speed of information processing seems to characterize neuropsychological performance in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. However, the impact in speed of information processing of depressive symptoms, that are highly prevalent in this population, has not been precisely defined yet due to the presence of some methodological limitations in most preceding studies. SUBJECTS AND METHODS 42 MS remittent recurrent patients, 20 with depressive symptoms (BDI > 13), and 22 without, were compared to 24 healthy controls in neuropsychological tasks of speed of processing (SDMT, Stroop, TMT y PASAT-BNB). RESULTS MS patients without depressive symptoms performed significantly worse than healthy controls the Stroop (W, C and WC), and the PASAT-BNB (execution time) tests. MS patients with depressive symptoms performed significantly worse than healthy controls the Stroop (W, C and WC), SDMT, TMT (A, B and B-A), and the PASAT-BNB (execution time and errors) tests. MS patients with depressive symptoms performed significantly worse than MS patients without depressive symptoms the SDMT, TMT (A, B and B-A), and the PASAT-BNB (execution time) tests. CONCLUSIONS MS impact was not generalized in neuropsychological performance of patients. Depressive symptoms seem to play and important role determining the speed deficit. While MS reduced speed of information processing, depressive symptoms were associated to specific cognitive deficit different from speed ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lubrini
- UAM. Universidad Autonoma de Madrid. Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Espana.
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Börner M, Fils J, Frank A, Blažević A, Hessling T, Pelka A, Schaumann G, Schökel A, Schumacher D, Basko MM, Maruhn J, Tauschwitz A, Roth M. Development of a Nomarski-type multi-frame interferometer as a time and space resolving diagnostics for the free electron density of laser-generated plasma. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:043501. [PMID: 22559530 DOI: 10.1063/1.3701366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This article reports on the development and set-up of a Nomarski-type multi-frame interferometer as a time and space resolving diagnostics of the free electron density in laser-generated plasma. The interferometer allows the recording of a series of 4 images within 6 ns of a single laser-plasma interaction. For the setup presented here, the minimal accessible free electron density is 5 × 10(18) cm(-3), the maximal one is 2 × 10(20) cm(-3). Furthermore, it provides a resolution of the electron density in space of 50 μm and in time of 0.5 ns for one image with a customizable magnification in space for each of the 4 images. The electron density was evaluated from the interferograms using an Abel inversion algorithm. The functionality of the system was proven during first experiments and the experimental results are presented and discussed. A ray tracing procedure was realized to verify the interferometry pictures taken. In particular, the experimental results are compared to simulations and show excellent agreement, providing a conclusive picture of the evolution of the electron density distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Börner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstrasse 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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Savin DW, Brickhouse NS, Cowan JJ, Drake RP, Federman SR, Ferland GJ, Frank A, Gudipati MS, Haxton WC, Herbst E, Profumo S, Salama F, Ziurys LM, Zweibel EG. The impact of recent advances in laboratory astrophysics on our understanding of the cosmos. Rep Prog Phys 2012; 75:036901. [PMID: 22790424 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/75/3/036901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An emerging theme in modern astrophysics is the connection between astronomical observations and the underlying physical phenomena that drive our cosmos. Both the mechanisms responsible for the observed astrophysical phenomena and the tools used to probe such phenomena-the radiation and particle spectra we observe-have their roots in atomic, molecular, condensed matter, plasma, nuclear and particle physics. Chemistry is implicitly included in both molecular and condensed matter physics. This connection is the theme of the present report, which provides a broad, though non-exhaustive, overview of progress in our understanding of the cosmos resulting from recent theoretical and experimental advances in what is commonly called laboratory astrophysics. This work, carried out by a diverse community of laboratory astrophysicists, is increasingly important as astrophysics transitions into an era of precise measurement and high fidelity modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Savin
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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Landa E, Morales IO, Fossion R, Stránský P, Velázquez V, Vieyra JCL, Frank A. Criticality and long-range correlations in time series in classical and quantum systems. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2011; 84:016224. [PMID: 21867290 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.84.016224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Revised: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We present arguments which indicate that a transitional state in between two different regimes implies the occurrence of 1/f time series and that this property is generic in both classical and quantum systems. Our study focuses on two particular examples: the one-dimensional module-1 logistic map and nuclear excitation spectra obtained with a schematic shell-model Hamiltonian. We suggest that a transitional point is characterized by the long-range correlations implied by 1/f time series. We apply a Fourier spectral analysis and the detrended fluctuation analysis method to study the fluctuations to each system.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Landa
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, DF, Mexico
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Hessling T, Blažević A, Frank A, Kraus D, Roth M, Schaumann G, Schumacher D, Stöhlker T, Hoffmann DHH. Time- and spectrally resolved measurements of laser-driven hohlraum radiation. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2011; 84:016412. [PMID: 21867327 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.84.016412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
At the GSI Helmholtz center for heavy-ion research combined experiments with heavy ions and laser-produced plasmas are investigated. As a preparation to utilize indirectly heated targets, where a converter hohlraum provides thermal radiation to create a more homogeneous plasma, this converter target has to be characterized. In this paper the latest results of these measurements are presented. Small spherical cavities with diameters between 600 and 750 μm were heated with laser energies up to 30 J at 532-nm wavelength. Radiation temperatures could be determined by time-resolved as well as time-integrated diagnostics, and maximum values of up to 35 eV were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hessling
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
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49
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Morales IO, Landa E, Stránský P, Frank A. Improved unfolding by detrending of statistical fluctuations in quantum spectra. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2011; 84:016203. [PMID: 21867269 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.84.016203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A fundamental relation exists between the statistical properties of the fluctuations of the energy-level spectrum of a Hamiltonian and the chaotic properties of the physical system it describes. This relationship has been addressed previously as a signature of chaos in quantum dynamical systems. In order to properly analyze these fluctuations, however, it is necessary to separate them from the general tendency, namely, its secular part. Unfortunately this process, called unfolding, is not trivial and can lead to erroneous conclusions about the chaoticity of a system. In this paper we propose a technique to improve the unfolding procedure for the purpose of minimizing the dependence on the particular procedure. This technique is based on detrending the fluctuations of the unfolded spectra through the empirical mode decomposition method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irving O Morales
- Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds, GANIL, CEA/DSM-CNRS/IN2P3, Caen, France
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López-Pousa S, Bermejo-Pareja F, Frank A, Hernández F, León T, Rejas-Gutiérrez J. [The effect of donepezil in comparison with conventional treatment on cognitive functioning and the performance of the patient in a prospective cohort of patients with Alzheimer's disease treated in routine clinical practice in Spain]. Rev Neurol 2010; 51:577-588. [PMID: 21069636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Our aim was to perform a secondary analysis of a 12-month-long, non-blind, multi-centre prospective cost-of-illness study. The analysis assessed the effect of donepezil on cognitive functioning and the performance of patients with possible or probable Alzheimer's disease, compared to that of other drugs for dementia. PATIENTS AND METHODS A sample of 700 patients took part in the study (76.8 ± 6.6 years of age, 67.3% females): 600 (31.4% drug-naive) received donepezil and 100 (9% drug-naive) were given other drugs for dementia. RESULTS The mean variations corrected by the baseline values and the centre of the total scores on the Folstein minimental test, the clinical dementia rating and Blessed dementia rating scales at 12 months were significantly lower in patients treated with donepezil: -1.23 ± 3.41 versus -2.26 ± 3.07 (p = 0.006), 0.20 ± 0.68 versus 0.39 ± 1.03 (p = 0.014) and 1.28 ± 3.31 versus 2.04 ± 2.84 (p = 0.027), respectively. CONCLUSIONS This secondary analysis shows that the deterioration in the cognitive functioning and performance of patients with the passage of time is slower with donepezil than with other drugs for dementia in routine medical practice. Since these results were observed in a post hoc analysis, formal prospective clinical trials should be conducted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- S López-Pousa
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Hospital de Santa Caterina, Girona, España.
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