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Tripathi M, Diwan D, Shukla AC, Gaffey J, Pathak N, Dashora K, Pandey A, Sharma M, Guleria S, Varjani S, Nguyen QD, Gupta VK. Valorization of dragon fruit waste to value-added bioproducts and formulations: A review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37743323 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2023.2254930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the increasing worldwide population explosion, managing waste generated from the food sector has become a cross-cutting issue globally, leading to environmental, economic, and social issues. Circular economy-inspired waste valorization approaches have been increasing steadily, generating new business opportunities developing valuable bioproducts using food waste, especially fruit wastes, that may have several applications in energy-food-pharma sectors. Dragon fruit waste is one such waste resource, which is rich in several value-added chemicals and oils, and can be a renewable resource to produce several value-added compounds of potential applications in different industries. Pretreatment and extraction processes in biorefineries are important strategies for recovering value-added biomolecules. There are different methods of valorization, including green extractions and biological conversion approaches. However, microbe-based conversion is one of the advanced technologies for valorizing dragon fruit waste into bioethanol, bioactive products, pharmaceuticals, and other valued products by reusing or recycling them. This state-of-the-art review briefly overviews the dragon fruit waste management strategies and advanced eco-friendly and cost-effective valorization technologies. Furthermore, various applications of different valuable bioactive components obtained from dragon fruit waste have been critically discussed concerning various industrial sectors. Several industrial sectors, such as food, pharmaceuticals, and biofuels, have been critically reviewed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manikant Tripathi
- Biotechnology Program, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, India
| | - Deepti Diwan
- School of Medicine, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - James Gaffey
- Circular Bioeconomy Research Group, Shannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Munster Technological University, Kerry, Ireland
| | - Neelam Pathak
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, India
| | - Kavya Dashora
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India
- Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Sanjay Guleria
- Sher-e- Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sunita Varjani
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hon Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Quang D Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering and Alcoholic Drink Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vijai K Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Centre, SRUC, Dumfries, UK
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Yadav D, Gaurav H, Yadav R, Waris R, Afzal K, Chandra Shukla A. A comprehensive review on soft rot disease management in ginger ( Zingiber officinale) for enhancing its pharmaceutical and industrial values. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18337. [PMID: 37539157 PMCID: PMC10395546 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Zingiber officinale L. Roscoe is a significant herb that possesses many medicinal and ethnomedicinal properties. Due to the presence of various bioactive compounds, it has immense healing capacity. However, ginger as a crop is susceptible to several fungal pathogens. Among all the fungal pathogens, Pythium and Fusarium spp. are of most concern, causing soft rot (rhizome rot) disease, majorly responsible for the downfall in its production by 50-90%. Pesticides and fungicides spray is generally recommended for the control of soft rot. Ample use of chemicals not only affects the quality of the crop but also disturbs ecological integrity. Therefore, biological methods of disease management involving suitable microbial agents such as Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas spp., Bacillus subtilis, Streptomyces spp. and plant extracts are attracting and gaining importance as a part of integrated approaches (IPM) to manage the soft rot and sustainably enhance the production and improve the medicinal and pharmaceutical values of ginger. The present review is aimed to discuss various means of controlling soft rot disease by physical, chemical, biological, and nanotechnology-based methods. Moreover, various bioactive constituents of ginger and their pharmaceutical importance have been also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divyanshu Yadav
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Harshita Gaurav
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Ramanand Yadav
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Raza Waris
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
- Plant Diversity, Systematics and Herbarium Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Kareena Afzal
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
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Khan FH, Bhat BA, Sheikh BA, Tariq L, Padmanabhan R, Verma JP, Shukla AC, Dowlati A, Abbas A. Microbiome dysbiosis and epigenetic modulations in lung cancer: From pathogenesis to therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:732-742. [PMID: 34273520 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The lung microbiome plays an essential role in maintaining healthy lung function, including host immune homeostasis. Lung microbial dysbiosis or disruption of the gut-lung axis can contribute to lung carcinogenesis by causing DNA damage, inducing genomic instability, or altering the host's susceptibility to carcinogenic insults. Thus far, most studies have reported the association of microbial composition in lung cancer. Mechanistic studies describing host-microbe interactions in promoting lung carcinogenesis are limited. Considering cancer as a multifaceted disease where epigenetic dysregulation plays a critical role, epigenetic modifying potentials of microbial metabolites and toxins and their roles in lung tumorigenesis are not well studied. The current review explains microbial dysbiosis and epigenetic aberrations in lung cancer and potential therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizan Haider Khan
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | | | - Lubna Tariq
- Department of Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Roshan Padmanabhan
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, and University Hospital, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Jay Prakash Verma
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, India
| | | | - Afshin Dowlati
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; Developmental Therapeutics Program, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44116, USA
| | - Ata Abbas
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; Developmental Therapeutics Program, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44116, USA.
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Singh S, Mukherjee A, Jaiswal DK, de Araujo Pereira AP, Prasad R, Sharma M, Kuhad RC, Shukla AC, Verma JP. Advances and future prospects of pyrethroids: Toxicity and microbial degradation. Sci Total Environ 2022; 829:154561. [PMID: 35296421 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroids are a class of insecticides structurally similar to that of natural pyrethrins. The application of pyrethrins in agriculture and pest control lead to many kinds of environmental pollution affecting human health and loss of soil microbial population that affect soil fertility and health. Natural pyrethrins have been used since ancient times as insect repellers, and their synthetic versions especially type 2 pyrethroids could be highly toxic to humans. PBO (Piperonyl butoxide) is known to enhance the toxicity of prallethrin in humans due to the resistance in its metabolic degradation. Pyrethroids are also known to cause plasma biochemical profile changes in humans and they also lead to the production of high levels of reactive oxygen species. Further they are also known to increase SGPT activity in humans. Due to the toxicity of pyrethrins in water bodies, soils, and food products, there is an urgent need to develop sustainable approaches to reduce their levels in the respective fields, which are eco-friendly, economically viable, and socially acceptable for on-site remediation. Keeping this in view, an attempt has been made to analyse the advances and prospects in using pyrethrins and possible technologies to control their harmful effects. The pyrethroid types, composition and biochemistry of necessary pyrethroid insecticides have been discussed in detail, in the research paper, along with their effect on insects and humans. It also covers the impact of pyrethroids on different plants and soil microbial flora. The second part deals with the microbial degradation of the pyrethroids through different modes, i.e., bioaugmentation and biostimulation. Many microbes such as Acremonium, Aspergillus, Microsphaeropsis, Westerdykella, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus have been used in the individual form for the degradation of pyrethroids, while some of them such as Bacillus are even used in the form of consortia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Singh
- Plant Microbe Interaction Lab, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Arpan Mukherjee
- Plant Microbe Interaction Lab, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | | | | | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, East Champaran, 845401, Bihar, India
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Science and Technology, Meghalaya 793101, India; Laboratoire de "Chimie verte et Produits Biobasés", Haute Ecole Provinciale du Hainaut- Condorcet, Département AgroBioscience et Chimie, 11, Rue de la Sucrerie, 7800 ATH, Belgium
| | - Ramesh Chander Kuhad
- Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurgaon-Badli Road Chandu, Budhera, Gurugram, Haryana 122505, India
| | | | - Jay Prakash Verma
- Plant Microbe Interaction Lab, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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Shukla N, Agarwal M, Khanna A, Shukla AC, Varghese A. Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination in India, after First Phase-Out: A Cross-Sectional Community-Based Study. Ann Natl Acad Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1743136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background India rolled out the world's largest vaccination program on January 16, 2021, marking the beginning of an effort to vaccinate a population of 1.3 billion against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. However, the hesitancy toward safe and effective vaccine against severe infection is a major global health threat. Hence, public acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine would be an essential deterrent to the pandemic control.
Materials and Methods A cross-sectional online study was conducted among the Indians from January 1 to January 31, 2021. The online questionnaire addressed several variables, including the sociodemographic parameters, COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, and concerns regarding COVID-19 vaccine.
Results Out of total 450 participants, majority of them (97.1) were aware about the COVID-19 vaccination drive. Only 66.2% showed their willingness to accept vaccination, 26.0% were still indecisive, and 7.8% did not want to accept it.
Conclusion Despite numerous efforts by various scientific organizations, public health experts, and media outlets, to educate the general population about the COVID-19 vaccine, significant portion of the Indian population may experience vaccine hesitancy, which poses dangers to both the individual and their community. Therefore, we must target these potential candidates, who are indecisive, for intervention to increase vaccine acceptance across the country. In this regard, large-scale study is required to understand the knowledge, expectation, and apprehension covering various economic and occupational strata of the society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Shukla
- Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Monika Agarwal
- Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anish Khanna
- Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amritesh Chandra Shukla
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anila Varghese
- Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Gruber EM, Shukla AC, Reid RW, Hickey PR, Hansen DD. Synthetic antifibrinolytics are not associated with an increased incidence of baffle fenestration closure after the modified Fontan procedure. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2000; 14:257-9. [PMID: 10890476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if the lysine analog antifibrinolytic agents, epsilon-aminocaproic acid and tranexamic acid, are associated with early closure of the baffle fenestration after the modified Fontan procedure. DESIGN Retrospective chart review. SETTING University hospital. PARTICIPANTS Seventy-four successive patients underwent the modified Fontan procedure. Three patients received aprotinin and were excluded. A total of 71 patients were analyzed. INTERVENTIONS Charts were examined for variables known to be associated with baffle fenestration closure in the modified Fontan procedure. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Occurrence of baffle fenestration closure, oxygen saturation, central venous pressure, left atrial pressure, transpulmonary gradient, chest tube drainage volume, chest tube drainage duration, intensive care unit (ICU) duration, and total inpatient duration were compared between the 33 patients who received antifibrinolytics and the 38 patients who did not. One patient of 71 had baffle fenestration closure in the first 48 hours after surgery. Oxygen saturation, central venous pressure, left atrial pressure, transpulmonary gradient, chest tube drainage volume, chest tube drainage duration, days in ICU, and total inpatient duration were not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Use of epsilon-aminocaproic acid and tranexamic acid is not associated with early baffle fenestration closure after the modified Fontan procedure. It is concluded that these agents can be used without increasing the risk of spontaneous baffle fenestration closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Gruber
- Department of Anesthesia, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Shahi SK, Shukla AC, Bajaj AK, Banerjee U, Rimek D, Midgely G, Dikshit A. Broad spectrum herbal therapy against superficial fungal infections. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol 2000; 13:60-4. [PMID: 10657767 DOI: 10.1159/000029909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Skin disease associated with keratinized tissues in animal and human beings has been investigated. The essential oil of Eucalyptus pauciflora in vitro showed strong antifungal activity at 1.0 microl/ml against human pathogenic fungi, viz. Epidermophyton floccosum, Microsporum audouinii, M. canis, M. gypseum, M. nanum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, T. tonsurans and T. violaceum. The oil has heavy doses of inoculum potential at 1.0 microl/ml. Moreover, it did not exhibit any adverse effects on mammalian skin up to 5% concentrations. Further, we formulated the oil in the form of ointment 'BSHT' (broad spectrum herbal therapy) (1% v/v) and subjected it to topical testing on patients attending the outpatient department of M.L.N. Medical College, Allahabad. Fifty patients were selected on the basis of KOH-positive results and diagnosed as either tinea pedis, tinea corporis or tinea cruris. After the second week of treatment, all patients were KOH-negative. At the end of medication, 60% of patients recovered completely and 40% showed significant improvement from the disease. No KOH-negative cases of relapse were observed when patients were re-examined after 2 months following the end of treatment. Thus, the ointment can be exploited commercially after undergoing successful multicenter clinical trials, which are in progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Shahi
- Botany Department, University of Allahabad, India.
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Appadurai IR, Shukla AC, Porter B. Brain biopsy in a patient with bullous lung disease. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 1993; 50:349. [PMID: 8242224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I R Appadurai
- Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff
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