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Stubbe BE, Larsen AC, Madsen PH, Krarup HB, Pedersen IS, Lundbye-Christensen S, Hansen CP, Hasselby JP, Johansen AZ, Thorlacius-Ussing O, Johansen JS, Henriksen SD. Promoter hypermethylation of SFRP1 as a prognostic and potentially predictive blood-based biomarker in patients with localized pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1211292. [PMID: 37333823 PMCID: PMC10272559 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1211292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Current prognostic blood-based biomarkers for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are limited. Recently, promoter hypermethylation of SFRP1 (phSFRP1) has been linked to poor prognosis in patients with gemcitabine-treated stage IV PDAC. This study explores the effects of phSFRP1 in patients with lower stage PDAC. Methods Based on a bisulfite treatment process, the promoter region of the SFRP1 gene was analyzed with methylation-specific PCR. Kaplan-Meier curves, log-rank tests, and generalized linear regression analysis were used to assess restricted mean survival time survival at 12 and 24 months. Results The study included 211 patients with stage I-II PDAC. The median overall survival of patients with phSFRP1 was 13.1 months, compared to 19.6 months in patients with unmethylated SFRP1 (umSFRP1). In adjusted analysis, phSFRP1 was associated with a loss of 1.15 months (95%CI -2.11, -0.20) and 2.71 months (95%CI -2.71, -0.45) of life at 12 and 24 months, respectively. There was no significant effect of phSFRP1 on disease-free or progression-free survival. In stage I-II PDAC, patients with phSFRP1 have worse prognoses than patients with umSFRP1. Discussion Results could indicate that the poor prognosis may be caused by reduced benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. SFRP1 may help guide the clinician and be a possible target for epigenetically modifying drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Emil Stubbe
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Anders Christian Larsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Poul Henning Madsen
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Henrik Bygum Krarup
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Inge Søkilde Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Carsten Palnæs Hansen
- Department of Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jane Preuss Hasselby
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Astrid Zedlitz Johansen
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Ole Thorlacius-Ussing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Julia Sidenius Johansen
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine Dam Henriksen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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Shabanzadeh DM, Christensen DW, Ewertsen C, Friis-Andersen H, Helgstrand F, Nannestad Jørgensen L, Kirkegaard-Klitbo A, Larsen AC, Ljungdalh JS, Nordblad Schmidt P, Therkildsen R, Vilmann P, Vogt JS, Sørensen LT. National clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of symptomatic gallstone disease: 2021 recommendations from the Danish Surgical Society. Scand J Surg 2022; 111:11-30. [PMID: 36000716 DOI: 10.1177/14574969221111027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Gallstones are highly prevalent, and more than 9000 cholecystectomies are performed annually in Denmark. The aim of this guideline was to improve the clinical course of patients with gallstone disease including a subgroup of high-risk patients. Outcomes included reduction of complications, readmissions, and need for additional interventions in patients with uncomplicated gallstone disease, acute cholecystitis, and common bile duct stones (CBDS). METHODS An interdisciplinary group of clinicians developed the guideline according to the GRADE methodology. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were primarily included. Non-RCTs were included if RCTs could not answer the clinical questions. Recommendations were strong or weak depending on effect estimates, quality of evidence, and patient preferences. RESULTS For patients with acute cholecystitis, acute laparoscopic cholecystectomy is recommended (16 RCTs, strong recommendation). Gallbladder drainage may be used as an interval procedure before a delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with temporary contraindications to surgery and severe acute cholecystitis (1 RCT and 1 non-RCT, weak recommendation). High-risk patients are suggested to undergo acute laparoscopic cholecystectomy instead of drainage (1 RCT and 1 non-RCT, weak recommendation). For patients with CBDS, a one-step procedure with simultaneous laparoscopic cholecystectomy and CBDS removal by laparoscopy or endoscopy is recommended (22 RCTs, strong recommendation). In high-risk patients with CBDS, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is suggested to be included in the treatment (6 RCTs, weak recommendation). For diagnosis of CBDS, the use of magnetic resonance imaging or endoscopic ultrasound prior to surgical treatment is recommended (8 RCTs, strong recommendation). For patients with uncomplicated symptomatic gallstone disease, observation is suggested as an alternative to laparoscopic cholecystectomy (2 RCTs, weak recommendation). CONCLUSIONS Seven recommendations, four weak and three strong, for treating patients with symptomatic gallstone disease were developed. Studies for treatment of high-risk patients are few and more are needed. ENDORSEMENT The Danish Surgical Society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Caroline Ewertsen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans Friis-Andersen
- Department of Surgery, Regionshospitalet Horsens, Horsens, DenmarkInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Lars Nannestad Jørgensen
- Digestive Disease Center, Surgical Section, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, DenmarkInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Anders Christian Larsen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical Medicine, The Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Palle Nordblad Schmidt
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Peter Vilmann
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Surgery, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jes Sefland Vogt
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Lars Tue Sørensen
- Digestive Disease Center, Surgical Section, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, DenmarkInstitute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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3
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Markova M, von Neumann-Cosel P, Larsen AC, Bassauer S, Görgen A, Guttormsen M, Bello Garrote FL, Berg HC, Bjørøen MM, Dahl-Jacobsen T, Eriksen TK, Gjestvang D, Isaak J, Mbabane M, Paulsen W, Pedersen LG, Pettersen NIJ, Richter A, Sahin E, Scholz P, Siem S, Tveten GM, Valsdottir VM, Wiedeking M, Zeiser F. Comprehensive Test of the Brink-Axel Hypothesis in the Energy Region of the Pygmy Dipole Resonance. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:182501. [PMID: 34767384 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.182501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The validity of the Brink-Axel hypothesis, which is especially important for numerous astrophysical calculations, is addressed for ^{116,120,124}Sn below the neutron separation energy by means of three independent experimental methods. The γ-ray strength functions (GSFs) extracted from primary γ-decay spectra following charged-particle reactions with the Oslo method and with the shape method demonstrate excellent agreement with those deduced from forward-angle inelastic proton scattering at relativistic beam energies. In addition, the GSFs are shown to be independent of excitation energies and spins of the initial and final states. The results provide a critical test of the generalized Brink-Axel hypothesis in heavy nuclei, demonstrating its applicability in the energy region of the pygmy dipole resonance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Markova
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - P von Neumann-Cosel
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A C Larsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - S Bassauer
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Görgen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - M Guttormsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - H C Berg
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - M M Bjørøen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - T Dahl-Jacobsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - T K Eriksen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - D Gjestvang
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - J Isaak
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Mbabane
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - W Paulsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - L G Pedersen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - N I J Pettersen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - A Richter
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - E Sahin
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - P Scholz
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, D-50937 Köln, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, USA
| | - S Siem
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - G M Tveten
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - V M Valsdottir
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - M Wiedeking
- Department of Subatomic Physics, iThemba LABS, Somerset West 7129, South Africa
- School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - F Zeiser
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
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Kibédi T, Alshahrani B, Stuchbery AE, Larsen AC, Görgen A, Siem S, Guttormsen M, Giacoppo F, Morales AI, Sahin E, Tveten GM, Garrote FLB, Campo LC, Eriksen TK, Klintefjord M, Maharramova S, Nyhus HT, Tornyi TG, Renstrøm T, Paulsen W. Radiative Width of the Hoyle State from γ-Ray Spectroscopy. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:182701. [PMID: 33196226 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.182701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The cascading 3.21 and 4.44 MeV electric quadrupole transitions have been observed from the Hoyle state at 7.65 MeV excitation energy in ^{12}C, excited by the ^{12}C(p,p^{'}) reaction at 10.7 MeV proton energy. From the proton-γ-γ triple coincidence data, a value of Γ_{rad}/Γ=6.2(6)×10^{-4} was obtained for the radiative branching ratio. Using our results, together with Γ_{π}^{E0}/Γ from Eriksen et al. [Phys. Rev. C 102, 024320 (2020)PRVCAN2469-998510.1103/PhysRevC.102.024320] and the currently adopted Γ_{π}(E0) values, the radiative width of the Hoyle state is determined as Γ_{rad}=5.1(6)×10^{-3} eV. This value is about 34% higher than the currently adopted value and will impact models of stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kibédi
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - B Alshahrani
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - A E Stuchbery
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - A C Larsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - A Görgen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - S Siem
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - M Guttormsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - F Giacoppo
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - A I Morales
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Universitá degli Studi di Milano and INFN-Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - E Sahin
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - G M Tveten
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - L Crespo Campo
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - T K Eriksen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - M Klintefjord
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - S Maharramova
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - H-T Nyhus
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - T G Tornyi
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Nuclear Research, MTA ATOMKI, Debrecen H-4026, Hungary
| | - T Renstrøm
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - W Paulsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
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Liddick SN, Spyrou A, Crider BP, Naqvi F, Larsen AC, Guttormsen M, Mumpower M, Surman R, Perdikakis G, Bleuel DL, Couture A, Crespo Campo L, Dombos AC, Lewis R, Mosby S, Nikas S, Prokop CJ, Renstrom T, Rubio B, Siem S, Quinn SJ. Publisher's Note: Experimental Neutron Capture Rate Constraint Far from Stability [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 242502 (2016)]. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:129902. [PMID: 30978071 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.129902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.242502.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate adherence to Barrett's esophagus (BE) surveillance guidelines in Denmark. METHODS The Danish Pathology Registry was used to identify 3692 patients. A total of 300 patients were included by drawing a simple random sample. Description of the BE segment, biopsy protocol, communication with the pathologist and planned follow-up endoscopy, was evaluated. RESULTS Thirty-one patients were excluded due to missing reports and 83 patients (28%) due to no endoscopic evidence of BE. Endoscopists suspected BE in 186 patients (62%) and these patients were included. Prague C&M classification was used in 34% of the endoscopy reports. The median number of biopsies was 4 (interquartile range (IQR), 3-6). The BE segment was stratified by lengths of 1-5, 6-10 and 11-15 cm and endoscopists obtained a sufficient number of biopsies in 12, 8 and 0% of cases, respectively. 28% of endoscopists described the exact location of the biopsy site in the pathology requisition. Patients with nondysplastic BE had endoscopic surveillance performed after a median of 24 months (IQR, 6-24). CONCLUSIONS Adherence to the Danish guidelines was poor. This may be associated with insufficient quality of BE surveillance. Lack of endoscopic evidence of BE in the Danish Pathology Registry may have underestimated the incidence of adenocarcinoma in BE patients in previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jes Sefland Vogt
- a Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery , Aalborg University Hospital , Aalborg , Denmark
| | - Anders Christian Larsen
- a Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery , Aalborg University Hospital , Aalborg , Denmark.,b Department of Surgery , Region Hospital Randers , Randers , Denmark
| | - Thorbjørn Sommer
- b Department of Surgery , Region Hospital Randers , Randers , Denmark
| | - Per Ejstrud
- a Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery , Aalborg University Hospital , Aalborg , Denmark
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Henriksen SD, Madsen PH, Larsen AC, Johansen MB, Pedersen IS, Krarup H, Thorlacius-Ussing O. Cell-free DNA promoter hypermethylation in plasma as a predictive marker for survival of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:93942-93956. [PMID: 29212200 PMCID: PMC5706846 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Few prognostic biomarkers are available for pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study is to examine the correlation between the survival of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients and hypermethylated genes in plasma-derived cell-free DNA. Methods Consecutive patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma were prospectively included and staged according to the TNM classification. Methylation-specific PCR of 28 genes was conducted. A survival prediction model independent of cancer stage and stage-specific survival prediction models were developed by multivariable Cox regression analysis using backward stepwise selection. Results Ninety-five patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma were included. Patients with more than 10 hypermethylated genes had a HR of 2.03 (95% CI; 1.15-3.57) compared to patients with fewer hypermethylated genes. Three survival prediction models were developed: Total group; (American Society of Anesthesiologists score (ASA)=3, GSTP1, SFRP2, BNC1, SFRP1, TFPI2, and WNT5A) Risk groups 2, 3 and 4 had a HR of 2.65 (95% CI; 1.24-5.66), 4.34 (95% CI; 1.98-9.51) and 21.19 (95% CI; 8.61-52.15), respectively, compared to risk group 1. Stage I-II; (ASA=3, SFRP2, and MESTv2) Risk groups 2, 3 and 4 had a HR of 4.83 (95% CI; 2.01-11.57), 9.12 (95% CI; 2.18-38.25) and 70.90 (95% CI; 12.63-397.96), respectively, compared to risk group 1. Stage IV; (BMP3, NPTX2, SFRP1, and MGMT) Risk group 2 had a HR of 5.23 (95% CI; 2.13-12.82) compared to risk group 1. Conclusion Prediction models based on cell-free DNA hypermethylation stratified pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients into risk groups according to survival. The models have the potential to work as prognostic biomarkers. However, further validation of the results is required to substantiate the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Dam Henriksen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of General Surgery, Hospital of Vendsyssel, Hjørring, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Poul Henning Madsen
- Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Martin Berg Johansen
- Unit of Clinical Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Inge Søkilde Pedersen
- Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Henrik Krarup
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Ole Thorlacius-Ussing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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Henriksen SD, Madsen PH, Larsen AC, Johansen MB, Pedersen IS, Krarup H, Thorlacius-Ussing O. Promoter hypermethylation in plasma-derived cell-free DNA as a prognostic marker for pancreatic adenocarcinoma staging. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:2489-2497. [PMID: 28857158 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Correct staging of pancreatic cancer is paramount, as treatment is stage specific. However, minimally invasive tools to facilitate staging are lacking. DNA promoter hypermethylation is a hallmark of cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate promoter hypermethylation in cell-free DNA as a prognostic marker for stage classification of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Consecutive patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma were prospectively included. Plasma samples were obtained before diagnostic work-up and treatment. Patients were staged according to the TNM classification. Methylation-specific PCR of 28 genes was performed. Prognostic prediction models for staging of pancreatic adenocarcinoma were developed by multivariable logistic regression analysis using stepwise backwards elimination. Ninety-five patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma were included. The mean number of hypermethylated genes was identical for stage I, II and III disease (7.09 (95% CI; 5.51-8.66), 7.00 (95% CI; 5.93-8.07) and 6.77 (95% CI; 5.08-8.46)), respectively, and highly significantly different from stage IV disease (10.24 (95% CI; 8.88-11.60)). The prediction model (SEPT9v2, SST, ALX4, CDKN2B, HIC1, MLH1, NEUROG1, and BNC1) enabled the differentiation of stage IV from stage I-III disease (AUC of 0.87 (cut point 0.55; sensitivity 74%, specificity 87%)). Model (MLH1, SEPT9v2, BNC1, ALX4, CDKN2B, NEUROG1, WNT5A, and TFPI2) enabled the differentiation of stage I-II from stage III-IV disease (AUC of 0.82 (cut point 0.66; sensitivity 73%, specificity 80%)). Cell-free DNA promoter hypermethylation has the potential to be blood-based prognostic markers for pancreatic adenocarcinoma, as panels of hypermethylated genes enables the differentiation according to cancer stage. However, further validation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Dam Henriksen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark.,Department of General Surgery, Hospital of Vendsyssel, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark.,Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Poul Henning Madsen
- Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | | | - Martin Berg Johansen
- Unit of Clinical Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Inge Søkilde Pedersen
- Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Henrik Krarup
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark.,Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Ole Thorlacius-Ussing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark.,Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
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9
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Henriksen SD, Madsen PH, Larsen AC, Johansen MB, Drewes AM, Pedersen IS, Krarup H, Thorlacius-Ussing O. Cell-free DNA promoter hypermethylation in plasma as a diagnostic marker for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Clin Epigenetics 2016; 8:117. [PMID: 27891190 PMCID: PMC5112622 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-016-0286-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer has a 5-year survival rate of only 5-7%. Difficulties in detecting pancreatic cancer at early stages results in the high mortality and substantiates the need for additional diagnostic tools. Surgery is the only curative treatment and unfortunately only possible in localized tumours. A diagnostic biomarker for pancreatic cancer will have a major impact on patient survival by facilitating early detection and the possibility for curative treatment. DNA promoter hypermethylation is a mechanism of early carcinogenesis, which can cause inactivation of tumour suppressor genes. The aim of this study was to examine promoter hypermethylation in a panel of selected genes from cell-free DNA, as a diagnostic marker for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. METHODS Patients with suspected or biopsy-verified pancreatic cancer were included prospectively and consecutively. Patients with chronic/acute pancreatitis were included as additional benign control groups. Based on an optimized accelerated bisulfite treatment protocol, methylation-specific PCR of a 28 gene panel was performed on plasma samples. A diagnostic prediction model was developed by multivariable logistic regression analysis using backward stepwise elimination. RESULTS Patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (n = 95), chronic pancreatitis (n = 97) and acute pancreatitis (n = 59) and patients screened, but negative for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (n = 27), were included. The difference in mean number of methylated genes in the cancer group (8.41 (95% CI 7.62-9.20)) vs the total control group (4.74 (95% CI 4.40-5.08)) was highly significant (p < 0.001). A diagnostic prediction model (age >65, BMP3, RASSF1A, BNC1, MESTv2, TFPI2, APC, SFRP1 and SFRP2) had an area under the curve of 0.86 (sensitivity 76%, specificity 83%). The model performance was independent of cancer stage. CONCLUSIONS Cell-free DNA promoter hypermethylation has the potential to be a diagnostic marker for pancreatic adenocarcinoma and differentiate between malignant and benign pancreatic disease. This study brings us closer to a clinical useful diagnostic marker for pancreatic cancer, which is urgently needed. External validation is, however, required before the test can be applied in the clinic. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02079363.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Dam Henriksen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark ; Department of General Surgery, Hospital of Vendsyssel, Hjørring, Denmark ; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Poul Henning Madsen
- Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Anders Christian Larsen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Martin Berg Johansen
- Unit of Clinical Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Asbjørn Mohr Drewes
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark ; Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Inge Søkilde Pedersen
- Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Henrik Krarup
- Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Ole Thorlacius-Ussing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark ; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
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10
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Spyrou A, Liddick SN, Naqvi F, Crider BP, Dombos AC, Bleuel DL, Brown BA, Couture A, Crespo Campo L, Guttormsen M, Larsen AC, Lewis R, Möller P, Mosby S, Mumpower MR, Perdikakis G, Prokop CJ, Renstrøm T, Siem S, Quinn SJ, Valenta S. Strong Neutron-γ Competition above the Neutron Threshold in the Decay of ^{70}Co. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:142701. [PMID: 27740831 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.142701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The β-decay intensity of ^{70}Co was measured for the first time using the technique of total absorption spectroscopy. The large β-decay Q value [12.3(3) MeV] offers a rare opportunity to study β-decay properties in a broad energy range. Two surprising features were observed in the experimental results, namely, the large fragmentation of the β intensity at high energies, as well as the strong competition between γ rays and neutrons, up to more than 2 MeV above the neutron-separation energy. The data are compared to two theoretical calculations: the shell model and the quasiparticle random phase approximation (QRPA). Both models seem to be missing a significant strength at high excitation energies. Possible interpretations of this discrepancy are discussed. The shell model is used for a detailed nuclear structure interpretation and helps to explain the observed γ-neutron competition. The comparison to the QRPA calculations is done as a means to test a model that provides global β-decay properties for astrophysical calculations. Our work demonstrates the importance of performing detailed comparisons to experimental results, beyond the simple half-life comparisons. A realistic and robust description of the β-decay intensity is crucial for our understanding of nuclear structure as well as of r-process nucleosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Spyrou
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S N Liddick
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - F Naqvi
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - B P Crider
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A C Dombos
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - D L Bleuel
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550-9234, USA
| | - B A Brown
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Couture
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - L Crespo Campo
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - M Guttormsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - A C Larsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - R Lewis
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - P Möller
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Mosby
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M R Mumpower
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - G Perdikakis
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859, USA
| | - C J Prokop
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - T Renstrøm
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - S Siem
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - S J Quinn
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S Valenta
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague, V Holešovičkách 2, CZ-180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
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Clément E, Zielińska M, Görgen A, Korten W, Péru S, Libert J, Goutte H, Hilaire S, Bastin B, Bauer C, Blazhev A, Bree N, Bruyneel B, Butler PA, Butterworth J, Delahaye P, Dijon A, Doherty DT, Ekström A, Fitzpatrick C, Fransen C, Georgiev G, Gernhäuser R, Hess H, Iwanicki J, Jenkins DG, Larsen AC, Ljungvall J, Lutter R, Marley P, Moschner K, Napiorkowski PJ, Pakarinen J, Petts A, Reiter P, Renstrøm T, Seidlitz M, Siebeck B, Siem S, Sotty C, Srebrny J, Stefanescu I, Tveten GM, Van de Walle J, Vermeulen M, Voulot D, Warr N, Wenander F, Wiens A, De Witte H, Wrzosek-Lipska K. Erratum: Spectroscopic Quadrupole Moments in ^{96,98}Sr: Evidence for Shape Coexistence in Neutron-Rich Strontium Isotopes at N=60 [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 022701 (2016)]. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:099902. [PMID: 27610893 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.099902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.022701.
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12
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Liddick SN, Spyrou A, Crider BP, Naqvi F, Larsen AC, Guttormsen M, Mumpower M, Surman R, Perdikakis G, Bleuel DL, Couture A, Crespo Campo L, Dombos AC, Lewis R, Mosby S, Nikas S, Prokop CJ, Renstrom T, Rubio B, Siem S, Quinn SJ. Experimental Neutron Capture Rate Constraint Far from Stability. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:242502. [PMID: 27367386 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.242502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear reactions where an exotic nucleus captures a neutron are critical for a wide variety of applications, from energy production and national security, to astrophysical processes, and nucleosynthesis. Neutron capture rates are well constrained near stable isotopes where experimental data are available; however, moving far from the valley of stability, uncertainties grow by orders of magnitude. This is due to the complete lack of experimental constraints, as the direct measurement of a neutron-capture reaction on a short-lived nucleus is extremely challenging. Here, we report on the first experimental extraction of a neutron capture reaction rate on ^{69}Ni, a nucleus that is five neutrons away from the last stable isotope of Ni. The implications of this measurement on nucleosynthesis around mass 70 are discussed, and the impact of similar future measurements on the understanding of the origin of the heavy elements in the cosmos is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Liddick
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Spyrou
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - B P Crider
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - F Naqvi
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A C Larsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - M Guttormsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - M Mumpower
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, USA
| | - R Surman
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - G Perdikakis
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, USA
| | - D L Bleuel
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550-9234, USA
| | - A Couture
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - L Crespo Campo
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - A C Dombos
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - R Lewis
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S Mosby
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Nikas
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan 48859, USA
| | - C J Prokop
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - T Renstrom
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - B Rubio
- IFIC, CSIC-Universidad de Valencia, 46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - S Siem
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - S J Quinn
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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13
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Clément E, Zielińska M, Görgen A, Korten W, Péru S, Libert J, Goutte H, Hilaire S, Bastin B, Bauer C, Blazhev A, Bree N, Bruyneel B, Butler PA, Butterworth J, Delahaye P, Dijon A, Doherty DT, Ekström A, Fitzpatrick C, Fransen C, Georgiev G, Gernhäuser R, Hess H, Iwanicki J, Jenkins DG, Larsen AC, Ljungvall J, Lutter R, Marley P, Moschner K, Napiorkowski PJ, Pakarinen J, Petts A, Reiter P, Renstrøm T, Seidlitz M, Siebeck B, Siem S, Sotty C, Srebrny J, Stefanescu I, Tveten GM, Van de Walle J, Vermeulen M, Voulot D, Warr N, Wenander F, Wiens A, De Witte H, Wrzosek-Lipska K. Spectroscopic Quadrupole Moments in {96,98}Sr: Evidence for Shape Coexistence in Neutron-Rich Strontium Isotopes at N=60. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:022701. [PMID: 26824536 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.022701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Neutron-rich {96,98}Sr isotopes have been investigated by safe Coulomb excitation of radioactive beams at the REX-ISOLDE facility. Reduced transition probabilities and spectroscopic quadrupole moments have been extracted from the differential Coulomb excitation cross sections. These results allow, for the first time, the drawing of definite conclusions about the shape coexistence of highly deformed prolate and spherical configurations. In particular, a very small mixing between the coexisting states is observed, contrary to other mass regions where strong mixing is present. Experimental results have been compared to beyond-mean-field calculations using the Gogny D1S interaction in a five-dimensional collective Hamiltonian formalism, which reproduce the shape change at N=60.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Clément
- GANIL, CEA/DSM-CNRS/IN2P3, F-14076 Caen Cedex 05, France
- PH Department, CERN 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - M Zielińska
- CEA Saclay, IRFU, SPhN, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Heavy Ion Laboratory, University of Warsaw, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Görgen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - W Korten
- CEA Saclay, IRFU, SPhN, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Péru
- CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
| | - J Libert
- CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
| | - H Goutte
- CEA Saclay, IRFU, SPhN, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Hilaire
- CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
| | - B Bastin
- GANIL, CEA/DSM-CNRS/IN2P3, F-14076 Caen Cedex 05, France
| | - C Bauer
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-50937 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Blazhev
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, University of Cologne, D-50397 Cologne, Germany
| | - N Bree
- Instituut voor Kern-en Stralingsfysica, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - B Bruyneel
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, University of Cologne, D-50397 Cologne, Germany
| | - P A Butler
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - J Butterworth
- Department of Physics, University of York, YO10 5DD York, United Kingdom
| | - P Delahaye
- GANIL, CEA/DSM-CNRS/IN2P3, F-14076 Caen Cedex 05, France
- PH Department, CERN 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - A Dijon
- GANIL, CEA/DSM-CNRS/IN2P3, F-14076 Caen Cedex 05, France
| | - D T Doherty
- CEA Saclay, IRFU, SPhN, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Ekström
- Physics Department, University of Lund, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - C Fitzpatrick
- Department of Physics, University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - C Fransen
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, University of Cologne, D-50397 Cologne, Germany
| | - G Georgiev
- CSNSM, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - R Gernhäuser
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-85740 Garching, Germany
| | - H Hess
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, University of Cologne, D-50397 Cologne, Germany
| | - J Iwanicki
- Heavy Ion Laboratory, University of Warsaw, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - D G Jenkins
- Department of Physics, University of York, YO10 5DD York, United Kingdom
| | - A C Larsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - J Ljungvall
- CSNSM, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - R Lutter
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-85740 Garching, Germany
| | - P Marley
- Department of Physics, University of York, YO10 5DD York, United Kingdom
| | - K Moschner
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, University of Cologne, D-50397 Cologne, Germany
| | - P J Napiorkowski
- Heavy Ion Laboratory, University of Warsaw, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Pakarinen
- PH Department, CERN 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - A Petts
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - P Reiter
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, University of Cologne, D-50397 Cologne, Germany
| | - T Renstrøm
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - M Seidlitz
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, University of Cologne, D-50397 Cologne, Germany
| | - B Siebeck
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, University of Cologne, D-50397 Cologne, Germany
| | - S Siem
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - C Sotty
- CSNSM, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - J Srebrny
- Heavy Ion Laboratory, University of Warsaw, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - I Stefanescu
- Instituut voor Kern-en Stralingsfysica, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - G M Tveten
- PH Department, CERN 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - M Vermeulen
- Department of Physics, University of York, YO10 5DD York, United Kingdom
| | - D Voulot
- PH Department, CERN 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - N Warr
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, University of Cologne, D-50397 Cologne, Germany
| | - F Wenander
- PH Department, CERN 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - A Wiens
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, University of Cologne, D-50397 Cologne, Germany
| | - H De Witte
- Instituut voor Kern-en Stralingsfysica, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Wrzosek-Lipska
- Heavy Ion Laboratory, University of Warsaw, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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Guttormsen M, Larsen AC, Görgen A, Renstrøm T, Siem S, Tornyi TG, Tveten GM. Validity of the Generalized Brink-Axel Hypothesis in (238)Np. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:012502. [PMID: 26799014 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.012502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We analyze primary γ-ray spectra of the odd-odd (238)Np nucleus extracted from (237)Np(d,pγ)(238)Np coincidence data measured at the Oslo Cyclotron Laboratory. The primary γ spectra cover an excitation-energy region of 0≤E(I)≤5.4 MeV, and allow us to perform a detailed study of the γ-ray strength as a function of excitation energy. Hence, we can test the validity of the generalized Brink-Axel hypothesis, which, in its strictest form, claims no excitation-energy dependence on the γ strength. In this work, using the available high-quality (238)Np data, we show that the γ-ray strength function is to a very large extent independent of the initial and final states. Thus, for the first time, the generalized Brink-Axel hypothesis is experimentally verified for γ transitions between states in the quasicontinuum region, not only for specific collective resonances, but also for the full strength below the neutron separation energy. Based on our findings, the necessary criteria for the generalized Brink-Axel hypothesis to be fulfilled are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Guttormsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - A C Larsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - A Görgen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - T Renstrøm
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - S Siem
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - T G Tornyi
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - G M Tveten
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
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Larsen AC, Brøndum Frøkjaer J, Wishwanath Iyer V, Vincents Fisker R, Sall M, Yilmaz MK, Kuno Møller B, Kristensen SR, Thorlacius-Ussing O. Venous thrombosis in pancreaticobiliary tract cancer: outcome and prognostic factors. J Thromb Haemost 2015; 13:555-62. [PMID: 25594256 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The differences in outcome among cancer patients with incidental vs. symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) are unknown. In this study, patients with extrahepatic pancreaticobiliary tract cancer (PBC) were selected for a prospective cohort study between February 2008 and February 2011. METHODS At the time of cancer diagnosis, all patients were examined for deep vein thrombosis with bilateral compression ultrasonography (biCUS). Computed tomography pulmonary angiography was also performed to diagnose pulmonary embolisms. After inclusion, the patients were followed up with clinical examinations, blood collections, and biCUS. RESULTS A total of 121 PBC patients were enrolled. At the time of cancer diagnosis, 15 patients had experienced a VTE (12.4%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.1-19.6), including six symptomatic and nine incidental cases. A total of 25 first-time VTE events were identified (20.7%; 95% CI 13.8-29.0). Patients with a VTE had reduced survival, with a median overall survival (OS) of 4.4 months (95% CI 2.2-11.5). The median OS of the patients with incidental VTE was 3.0 months (95% CI 0.1-15.0), which was not different from the median OS of the patients with symptomatic VTE (5.0 months; 95% CI 2.1-14.5). The median OS was 11.9 months (95% CI 8.1-14.7) in the PBC patients with no VTEs. CONCLUSION The occurrence of a VTE event in a PBC patient within the first months of the disease is associated with significantly increased mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Larsen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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Larsen AC, Frøkjær JB, Fisker RV, Iyer V, Mortensen PB, Yilmaz MK, Møller B, Kristensen SR, Thorlacius-Ussing O. Treatment-related frequency of venous thrombosis in lower esophageal, gastro-esophageal and gastric cancer--a clinical prospective study of outcome and prognostic factors. Thromb Res 2015; 135:802-8. [PMID: 25743885 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2015.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prospective studies of chemotherapy-associated VTE in cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy in combination with curative intended surgery have not been reported for upper gastrointestinal cancer. In this clinical prospective study, we sought to estimate the incidence of VTE in esophagogastric cancer (OEC) patients scheduled for a specific perioperative chemotherapy regime: oxaliplatin, capecitabine, and epirubicin, (EXE) and curative intended surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 129 consecutive OEC patients were examined using state-of-the-art bilateral compression ultrasound (biCUS) for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) before undergoing preoperative chemotherapy, surgery, and postoperative chemotherapy. In addition 79 were also consecutively scanned at baseline for pulmonary embolism (PE) using state-of-the-art computer tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA). RESULTS There were 21 VTE cases throughout the course of treatment (16%, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 10 - 24%) among the patients examined using both biCUS and CTPA. Fourteen of 21 VTE was incidental (68%, 95% CI: 43 -85) and 7 VTE events was symptomatic (33%, 15 - 57). The median overall survival was 18months (95% CI: 13 - 24) in patients without any VTE and 14months (95% CI: 7 -30, P = 0.820) in patients with VTE. The cancer stage (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 5.2, 95% CI: 1 - 21, p=0.002) and gastric cancer (OR 6.4, 95% CI: 2 - 21, P = 0.002) was a significant predictor of VTE. CONCLUSION The incidence of VTE in patients undergoing EXE neoadjuvant chemotherapy was high, particularly among patients with initial stage III and IV cancers. In addition, a substantial number of chemotherapy-related VTE cases were asymptomatic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Christian Larsen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark.
| | - Jens Brøndum Frøkjær
- Department of Radiology, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Rune Vincents Fisker
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Radiology, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Victor Iyer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Peter Brøndum Mortensen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Mette Karen Yilmaz
- Department of Oncology, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Bjarne Møller
- Department of Immunology, Skejby Hospital, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Søren Risom Kristensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Centre of Cardiovascular Research, and Clinical research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Ole Thorlacius-Ussing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
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Abstract
A strong enhancement at low γ-ray energies has recently been discovered in the γ-ray strength function of ^{56,57}Fe. In this work, we have for the first time obtained theoretical γ decay spectra for states up to ≈8 MeV in excitation for ^{56,57}Fe. We find large B(M1) values for low γ-ray energies that provide an explanation for the experimental observations. The role of mixed E2 transitions for the low-energy enhancement is addressed theoretically for the first time, and it is found that they contribute a rather small fraction. Our calculations clearly show that the high-ℓ(=f) diagonal terms are most important for the strong low-energy M1 transitions. As such types of 0ℏω transitions are expected for all nuclei, our results indicate that a low-energy M1 enhancement should be present throughout the nuclear chart. This could have far-reaching consequences for our understanding of the M1 strength function at high excitation energies, with profound implications for astrophysical reaction rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Alex Brown
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1321, USA
| | - A C Larsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
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19
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Spyrou A, Liddick SN, Larsen AC, Guttormsen M, Cooper K, Dombos AC, Morrissey DJ, Naqvi F, Perdikakis G, Quinn SJ, Renstrøm T, Rodriguez JA, Simon A, Sumithrarachchi CS, Zegers RGT. Novel technique for constraining r-process (n, γ) reaction rates. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:232502. [PMID: 25526121 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.232502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel technique has been developed, which will open exciting new opportunities for studying the very neutron-rich nuclei involved in the r process. As a proof of principle, the γ spectra from the β decay of ^{76}Ga have been measured with the SuN detector at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory. The nuclear level density and γ-ray strength function are extracted and used as input to Hauser-Feshbach calculations. The present technique is shown to strongly constrain the ^{75}Ge(n,γ)^{76}Ge cross section and reaction rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Spyrou
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA and Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S N Liddick
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA and Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A C Larsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - M Guttormsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - K Cooper
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA and Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A C Dombos
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA and Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - D J Morrissey
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA and Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - F Naqvi
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - G Perdikakis
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA and Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA and Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, 48859, USA
| | - S J Quinn
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA and Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA and Department of Physics & Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - T Renstrøm
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - J A Rodriguez
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Simon
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA and Department of Physics and The Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - C S Sumithrarachchi
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - R G T Zegers
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA and Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA and Department of Physics & Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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20
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Larsen AC, Holländer C, Duval L, Schønnemann K, Achiam M, Pfeiffer P, Yilmaz MK, Thorlacius-Ussing O, Bæksgaard L, Ladekarl M. A Nationwide Retrospective Study of Perioperative Chemotherapy for Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma: Tolerability, Outcome, and Prognostic Factors. Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 22:1540-7. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-014-4127-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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Bree N, Wrzosek-Lipska K, Petts A, Andreyev A, Bastin B, Bender M, Blazhev A, Bruyneel B, Butler PA, Butterworth J, Carpenter MP, Cederkäll J, Clément E, Cocolios TE, Deacon A, Diriken J, Ekström A, Fitzpatrick C, Fraile LM, Fransen C, Freeman SJ, Gaffney LP, García-Ramos JE, Geibel K, Gernhäuser R, Grahn T, Guttormsen M, Hadinia B, Hadyńska-Kle K K, Hass M, Heenen PH, Herzberg RD, Hess H, Heyde K, Huyse M, Ivanov O, Jenkins DG, Julin R, Kesteloot N, Kröll T, Krücken R, Larsen AC, Lutter R, Marley P, Napiorkowski PJ, Orlandi R, Page RD, Pakarinen J, Patronis N, Peura PJ, Piselli E, Rahkila P, Rapisarda E, Reiter P, Robinson AP, Scheck M, Siem S, Singh Chakkal K, Smith JF, Srebrny J, Stefanescu I, Tveten GM, Van Duppen P, Van de Walle J, Voulot D, Warr N, Wenander F, Wiens A, Wood JL, Zielińska M. Shape coexistence in the neutron-deficient even-even (182-188)Hg isotopes studied via coulomb excitation. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:162701. [PMID: 24815644 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.162701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Coulomb-excitation experiments to study electromagnetic properties of radioactive even-even Hg isotopes were performed with 2.85 MeV/nucleon mercury beams from REX-ISOLDE. Magnitudes and relative signs of the reduced E2 matrix elements that couple the ground state and low-lying excited states in Hg182-188 were extracted. Information on the deformation of the ground and the first excited 0+ states was deduced using the quadrupole sum rules approach. Results show that the ground state is slightly deformed and of oblate nature, while a larger deformation for the excited 0+ state was noted in Hg182,184. The results are compared to beyond mean field and interacting-boson based models and interpreted within a two-state mixing model. Partial agreement with the model calculations was obtained. The presence of two different structures in the light even-mass mercury isotopes that coexist at low excitation energy is firmly established.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bree
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Wrzosek-Lipska
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium and Heavy Ion Laboratory, University of Warsaw, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Petts
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - A Andreyev
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium and Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - B Bastin
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium and GANIL CEA/DSM-CNRS/IN2P3, Boulevard H. Becquerel, F-14076 Caen, France
| | - M Bender
- Université Bordeaux, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France and CNRS/IN2P3, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR5797, F-33175 Gradignan, France
| | - A Blazhev
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - B Bruyneel
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - P A Butler
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - J Butterworth
- Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - M P Carpenter
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J Cederkäll
- Physics Department, University of Lund, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden and ISOLDE, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - E Clément
- GANIL CEA/DSM-CNRS/IN2P3, Boulevard H. Becquerel, F-14076 Caen, France and ISOLDE, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - T E Cocolios
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium and ISOLDE, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - A Deacon
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - J Diriken
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium and Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK CEN, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - A Ekström
- Physics Department, University of Lund, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - C Fitzpatrick
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - L M Fraile
- ISOLDE, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland and Grupo de Física Nuclear, Universidad Complutense de Madrit, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ch Fransen
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - S J Freeman
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - L P Gaffney
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium and Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - J E García-Ramos
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - K Geibel
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - R Gernhäuser
- Physics Department E12, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T Grahn
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland and Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Guttormsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - B Hadinia
- School of Engineering, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, United Kingdom and Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - K Hadyńska-Kle K
- Heavy Ion Laboratory, University of Warsaw, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Hass
- Department of Particle Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - P-H Heenen
- Physique Nucléaire Théorique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - R-D Herzberg
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - H Hess
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - K Heyde
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ghent University, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - M Huyse
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - O Ivanov
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - D G Jenkins
- Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - R Julin
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - N Kesteloot
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium and Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK CEN, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Th Kröll
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - R Krücken
- Physics Department E12, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A C Larsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - R Lutter
- Department of Physics, Ludwig Maximilian Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - P Marley
- Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - P J Napiorkowski
- Heavy Ion Laboratory, University of Warsaw, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - R Orlandi
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium and School of Engineering, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, United Kingdom
| | - R D Page
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - J Pakarinen
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland and Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - N Patronis
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium and Department of Physics, The University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - P J Peura
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - E Piselli
- ISOLDE, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - P Rahkila
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - E Rapisarda
- ISOLDE, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - P Reiter
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - A P Robinson
- Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - M Scheck
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom and School of Engineering, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, United Kingdom and SUPA, Scottisch Universities Physics Alliance, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Siem
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - K Singh Chakkal
- Department of Particle Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - J F Smith
- School of Engineering, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, United Kingdom
| | - J Srebrny
- Heavy Ion Laboratory, University of Warsaw, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - I Stefanescu
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium and Physics Department E12, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G M Tveten
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - P Van Duppen
- KU Leuven, Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - D Voulot
- ISOLDE, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - N Warr
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - F Wenander
- ISOLDE, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - A Wiens
- Institut für Kernphysik, Universität zu Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - J L Wood
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0430, USA
| | - M Zielińska
- Heavy Ion Laboratory, University of Warsaw, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland and IRFU/SPhN, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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22
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Larsen AC, Dabrowski T, Frøkjær JB, Fisker RV, Iyer VV, Møller BK, Kristensen SR, Thorlacius-Ussing O. Prevalence of venous thromboembolism at diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal cancer. Br J Surg 2014; 101:246-53. [PMID: 24446107 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with upper gastrointestinal (GI) cancer increases morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of VTE at diagnosis of upper GI cancer. METHODS Patients admitted between February 2008 and February 2011 with upper GI cancer (pancreatic, extrahepatic biliary, lower oesophageal, gastro-oesophageal junction or gastric cancer) were investigated in a cross-sectional cohort study. At cancer diagnosis, all patients were examined for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) by means of bilateral compression ultrasonography. From February 2009 and onwards, computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) was also performed for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE). RESULTS Some 250 patients had ultrasonography; CTPA was performed in 143 patients on admission. DVT was detected in 13 (5·2 per cent) of the 250 patients, eight (3·2 per cent) of whom were asymptomatic. DVT was correlated with tumour location in the pancreaticobiliary tract (odds ratio (OR) 6·27, 95 per cent confidence interval 1·18 to 33·38; P = 0·031) and tumour stage IV (OR 19·34, 2·33 to 160·70; P = 0·006). PE was detected in 11 (7·7 per cent) of 143 patients, eight (5·6 per cent) of whom were asymptomatic. PE embolism was also significantly more common in patients with pancreaticobiliary tract cancer (OR 7·81, 1·28 to 47·62; P = 0·026) and in those with stage IV disease (OR 17·19, 1·83 to 161·50; P = 0·013). CONCLUSION The prevalence of VTE at cancer diagnosis was significantly higher in patients with pancreaticobiliary tract cancer than in those with other forms of upper GI cancer, and in patients with advanced cancer stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Larsen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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23
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Larsen AC, Blasi N, Bracco A, Camera F, Eriksen TK, Görgen A, Guttormsen M, Hagen TW, Leoni S, Million B, Nyhus HT, Renstrøm T, Rose SJ, Ruud IE, Siem S, Tornyi T, Tveten GM, Voinov AV, Wiedeking M. Evidence for the dipole nature of the low-energy γ enhancement in 56Fe. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:242504. [PMID: 24483649 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.242504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The γ-ray strength function of 56Fe has been measured from proton-γ coincidences for excitation energies up to ≈11 MeV. The low-energy enhancement in the γ-ray strength function, which was first discovered in the (3He,αγ)56Fe reaction, is confirmed with the (p,p'γ)56Fe experiment reported here. Angular distributions of the γ rays give for the first time evidence that the enhancement is dominated by dipole transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Larsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - N Blasi
- INFN, Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - A Bracco
- INFN, Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Milano, I-20122 Milano, Italy
| | - F Camera
- INFN, Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Milano, I-20122 Milano, Italy
| | - T K Eriksen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - A Görgen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - M Guttormsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - T W Hagen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - S Leoni
- INFN, Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Milano, I-20122 Milano, Italy
| | - B Million
- INFN, Sezione di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - H T Nyhus
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - T Renstrøm
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - S J Rose
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - I E Ruud
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - S Siem
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - T Tornyi
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway and Institute of Nuclear Research, MTA ATOMKI, H-4026 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - G M Tveten
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - A V Voinov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Wiedeking
- iThemba LABS, Post Office Box 722, 7129 Somerset West, South Africa
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24
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Schwengner R, Frauendorf S, Larsen AC. Low-energy enhancement of magnetic dipole radiation. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:232504. [PMID: 24476264 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.232504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic dipole strength functions are deduced from averages of a large number of M1 transition strengths calculated within the shell model for the nuclides 90Zr, 94Mo, 95Mo, and 96Mo. An enhancement of M1 strength toward low transition energy is found for all nuclides considered. Large M1 strengths appear for transitions between close-lying states with configurations including proton as well as neutron high-j orbits that recouple their spins and add up their magnetic moments coherently. The M1 strength function deduced from the calculated M1 transition strengths is compatible with the low-energy enhancement found in (3He, 3He') and (d, p) experiments. The Letter presents an explanation of the experimental findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Schwengner
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - S Frauendorf
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - A C Larsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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25
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Guttormsen M, Bernstein LA, Bürger A, Görgen A, Gunsing F, Hagen TW, Larsen AC, Renstrøm T, Siem S, Wiedeking M, Wilson JN. Observation of large scissors resonance strength in actinides. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:162503. [PMID: 23215072 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.162503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The orbital M1 scissors resonance has been measured for the first time in the quasicontinuum of actinides. Particle-γ coincidences are recorded with deuteron and (3)He-induced reactions on (232)Th. The residual nuclei (231,232,233)Th and (232,233) Pa show an unexpectedly strong integrated strength of B(M1)=11-15μ(n)(2) in the E(γ)=1.0-3.5 MeV region. The increased γ-decay probability in actinides due to scissors resonance is important for cross-section calculations for future fuel cycles of fast nuclear reactors and may also have an impact on stellar nucleosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Guttormsen
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
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26
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Agvaanluvsan U, Larsen AC, Chankova R, Guttormsen M, Mitchell GE, Schiller A, Siem S, Voinov A. Enhanced radiative strength in the quasicontinuum of 117Sn. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:162504. [PMID: 19518705 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.162504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2008] [Revised: 11/10/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The radiative strength function of 117Sn has been measured up to the neutron separation energy using the (3He, 3He' gamma) reaction. An increase in the slope of the strength function around E gamma=4.5 MeV indicates the onset of a resonancelike structure, giving a significant enhancement of the radiative strength function compared to standard models in the energy region 4.5<or=E gamma<or=8.0 MeV. For the first time, the functional form of this resonancelike structure has been measured in an odd tin nucleus below neutron threshold in the quasicontinuum region.
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Hurst AM, Butler PA, Jenkins DG, Delahaye P, Wenander F, Ames F, Barton CJ, Behrens T, Bürger A, Cederkäll J, Clément E, Czosnyka T, Davinson T, de Angelis G, Eberth J, Ekström A, Franchoo S, Georgiev G, Görgen A, Herzberg RD, Huyse M, Ivanov O, Iwanicki J, Jones GD, Kent P, Köster U, Kröll T, Krücken R, Larsen AC, Nespolo M, Pantea M, Paul ES, Petri M, Scheit H, Sieber T, Siem S, Smith JF, Steer A, Stefanescu I, Syed NUH, Van de Walle J, Van Duppen P, Wadsworth R, Warr N, Weisshaar D, Zielińska M. Measurement of the sign of the spectroscopic quadrupole moment for the 2(1)+ state in 70Se: no evidence for oblate shape. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 98:072501. [PMID: 17359019 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.072501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Using a method whereby molecular and atomic ions are independently selected, an isobarically pure beam of 70Se ions was postaccelerated to an energy of 206 MeV using REX-ISOLDE. Coulomb-excitation yields for states in the beam and target nuclei were deduced by recording deexcitation gamma rays in the highly segmented MINIBALL gamma-ray spectrometer in coincidence with scattered particles in a silicon detector. At these energies, the Coulomb-excitation yield for the first 2+ state is expected to be strongly sensitive to the sign of the spectroscopic quadrupole moment through the nuclear reorientation effect. Experimental evidence is presented here for a prolate shape for the first 2+ state in 70Se, reopening the question over whether there are, as reported earlier, deformed oblate shapes near to the ground state in the light selenium isotopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Hurst
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
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