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Leandro ADS, Pires-Vieira LH, Lopes RD, Rivas AV, Amaral C, Silva I, Maciel-de-Freitas R, Chiba de Castro WA. Optimising the surveillance of Aedes aegypti in Brazil by selecting smaller representative areas within an endemic city. Trop Med Int Health 2024; 29:414-423. [PMID: 38469931 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Arboviruses, such as dengue (DENV), zika (ZIKV), and chikungunya (CHIKV), constitute a growing urban public health threat. Focusing on Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, their primary vectors, is crucial for mitigation. While traditional immature-stage mosquito surveillance has limitations, capturing adult mosquitoes through traps yields more accurate data on disease transmission. However, deploying traps presents logistical and financial challenges, demonstrating effective temporal predictions but lacking spatial accuracy. Our goal is to identify smaller representative areas within cities to enhance the early warning system for DENV outbreaks. METHODS We created Sentinel Geographic Units (SGUs), smaller areas of 1 km2 within each stratum, larger areas, with the aim of aligning the Trap Positivity Index (TPI) and Adult Density Index (ADI) with their respective strata. We conducted a two-step evaluation of SGUs. First, we examined the equivalence of TPI and ADI between SGUs and strata from January 2017 to July 2022. Second, we assessed the ability of SGU's TPI and ADI to predict DENV outbreaks in comparison to Foz do Iguaçu's Early-Warning System, which forecasts outbreaks up to 4 weeks ahead. Spatial and temporal analyses were carried out, including data interpolation and model selection based on Akaike information criteria (AIC). RESULTS Entomological indicators produced in small SGUs can effectively replace larger sentinel areas to access dengue outbreaks. Based on historical data, the best predictive capability is achieved 2 weeks after infestation verification. Implementing the SGU strategy with more frequent sampling can provide more precise space-time estimates and enhance dengue control. CONCLUSIONS The implementation of SGUs offers an efficient way to monitor mosquito populations, reducing the need for extensive resources. This approach has the potential to improve dengue transmission management and enhance the public health response in endemic cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- André de Souza Leandro
- Centro de Controle de Zoonoses de Foz do Iguaçu, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Renata Defante Lopes
- Centro de Controle de Zoonoses de Foz do Iguaçu, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
- Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana, Instituto Latino-Americano de Ciências da Vida e da Natureza, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Açucena Veleh Rivas
- Laboratory of Clinical Analysis at Hospital Ministro Costa Cavalcanti, Itaiguapy Foundation, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Caroline Amaral
- Centro de Controle de Zoonoses de Foz do Iguaçu, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Isaac Silva
- Centro de Controle de Zoonoses de Foz do Iguaçu, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rafael Maciel-de-Freitas
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wagner A Chiba de Castro
- Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana, Instituto Latino-Americano de Ciências da Vida e da Natureza, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
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do Couto AC, Gravinatti ML, Pellizzaro M, Kmetiuk LB, Yamakawa AC, da Silva EC, Felipetto LG, Langoni H, de Souza Leandro A, de Santi CE, dos Santos AP, Biondo AW. One health approach on serosurvey of anti-Leptospira spp. in homeless persons and their dogs in South Brazil. One Health 2022; 15:100421. [PMID: 36277102 PMCID: PMC9582539 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2022.100421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Leandro ADS, Lopes RD, Amaral Martins C, Delai RM, Villela DAM, Maciel-de-Freitas R. Entomo-virological surveillance followed by serological active survey of symptomatic individuals is helpful to identify hotspots of early arbovirus transmission. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1024187. [PMID: 36388305 PMCID: PMC9651144 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1024187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Arboviruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti in urban environments have spread rapidly worldwide, causing great impacts on public health. The development of reliable and timely alert signals is among the most important steps in designing accurate surveillance systems for vector-borne diseases. In July and September 2017, we conducted a pilot study to improve an existing integrated surveillance system by using entomo-virological surveillance to prioritize areas to conduct active searches for individuals with arbovirus infection symptoms. Foz do Iguaçu City has a permanent entomo-virological surveillance system with approximately 3,500 traps to capture Aedes sp. in the adult stage. The Aedes aegypti females are captured alive and human samples are submitted to RT-qPCR (real-time qPCR) screening for DENV, ZIKV, and CHIKV diagnosis. Of the 55 Ae. aegypti mosquitoes tested in July 2017, seven (12.7%) were considered positive for DENV-2 and three (5.4%) for CHIKV. In September, we tested a sample of 54 mosquitoes, and 15 (27.7%) were considered infected by DENV-2. We created 25 circumferences with 150-m radius each to perform an active survey to identify symptomatic householders. In July, we selected one circumference, and five (35.7%) patients were positive for DENV, whereas two (14.3%) for CHIKV. In September, we selected four circumferences, and, from the 21 individuals sampled, nine (42.8%) were positive for DENV-2. A statistical model with a binomial response was used to estimate the number of cases in areas without active surveys, i.e., 20 circumferences. We estimated an additional 83 symptomatic patients (95% CI: 45-145) to be found in active searches, with 38 (95% CI: 18-72) of them confirming arbovirus infection. Arbovirus detection and serotyping in mosquitoes, but also in symptomatic individuals during active surveys, can provide an alert signal of early arbovirus transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- André de Souza Leandro
- Centro de Controle de Zoonoses da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil,Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Defante Lopes
- Centro de Controle de Zoonoses da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil,The Instituto Latino-Americano de Economia, Sociedade e Política, Universidade Federal Latino-Americana, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
| | - Caroline Amaral Martins
- Centro de Controle de Zoonoses da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Robson Michael Delai
- One Health Laboratory at the Three-Border Tropical Medicine Center, Itaiguapy Foundation - Institute of Teaching and Research, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Maciel-de-Freitas
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,Department of Arbovirology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany,*Correspondence: Rafael Maciel-de-Freitas
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Delai RM, Leandro ADS, Martins CA, Fitz AFR, Rivas AV, Batista ACCA, Santos ICD, Fruehwirth M, Ferreira L, Rampazzo RDCP, Ferreira LRDP, Gonçalves DD. Adaptation of a Human Diagnostic Kit to Detect Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya Viruses in Mosquito Samples ( Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus): A Contribution to Public Health in the International Triple Border (Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina). Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2022; 22:520-526. [PMID: 36255416 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2022.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this work was to adapt a diagnostic kit developed for humans to identify Dengue (DENV1, DENV2, DENV3, DENV4), Zika (ZIKV) and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in females of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus and to verify if the occurrence of mosquitoes infected with these three arboviruses are being found in regions with high occurrence of these diseases in humans. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, live mosquitoes were captured between January and June 2020 using 3,476 traps permanently installed in the field were used. After capture, the species were identified, then the females were placed in a pool of 2 to 10 specimens and sent to the laboratory for detection of DENV1, DENV2, DENV3, DENV4, ZIKV and CHIKV by RT-PCR using a commercial human kit for arboviruses. Results: Of the 76 mosquito pools collected, six (7.9%) pools tested positive for the DENV2 virus. The DENV-positive mosquitoes were collected in regions with a high incidence of reported cases of Dengue or in adjacent areas. Conclusion: The absence of kits for the detection of these arboviruses in Aedes is a limiting factor and the adequacy of commercial kits, already used for the diagnosis of arboviruses in humans, the results presented demonstrate that it is possible to identify the presence of DENV2 in mosquitoes with the respective kit, reinforcing the use of RT-qPCR as a robust diagnostic tool for epidemiological surveillance allowing managers to receive timely results for decision-making regarding prevention and control actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Michael Delai
- One Health Laboratory, Three-Border Tropical Medicine Center, Institute of Teaching and Research, Itaiguapy Foundation, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - André de Souza Leandro
- Zoonoses Surveillance Unit, Municipal Secretary of Health, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
- Laboratory of Hematozoan Transmitters, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Andressa Faria Rahyn Fitz
- One Health Laboratory, Three-Border Tropical Medicine Center, Institute of Teaching and Research, Itaiguapy Foundation, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
| | - Açucena Veleh Rivas
- One Health Laboratory, Three-Border Tropical Medicine Center, Institute of Teaching and Research, Itaiguapy Foundation, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Experimental Pathology, Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Aline Cristiane Cechinel Assing Batista
- One Health Laboratory, Three-Border Tropical Medicine Center, Institute of Teaching and Research, Itaiguapy Foundation, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Isabela Carvalho Dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Fruehwirth
- One Health Laboratory, Three-Border Tropical Medicine Center, Institute of Teaching and Research, Itaiguapy Foundation, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Ferreira
- One Health Laboratory, Three-Border Tropical Medicine Center, Institute of Teaching and Research, Itaiguapy Foundation, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daniela Dib Gonçalves
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, Brazil
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Oliveira RPAD, Collere FCM, Ferrari LDR, Coradi VDS, Soares NDA, Leandro ADS, Oliveira WFD, Galvão SR, Kafka R, Delai RM, Martini R, Saldanha A, Santos LPD, Cubas ZS, Lange RR, Vieira TSWJ, Vieira RFDC. 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemoalbiventris' and tick-borne pathogens screening in white-eared opossums (Didelphis albiventris) from Curitiba and Foz do Iguaçu Cities, Paraná State, southern Brazil. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 2021; 30:e009721. [PMID: 34495043 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612021072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hemoplasmas are epierythrocytic bacteria that infect mammals. 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemoalbiventris' was detected in white-eared opossums (Didelphis albiventris) from southern and central-western Brazil. The present study aimed at: i) screening opossums for tick-borne (TBP) pathogens (Piroplasmida and Anaplasmataceae) and ii) detecting and characterizing hemoplasma species infecting opossums from Curitiba and Foz do Iguaçu cities in the Paraná State, southern Brazil. Thirty blood samples from white-eared opossums were evaluated by PCR assays. Animals were not infested by ectoparasites. The mammalian endogenous gapdh gene was consistently amplified in all samples. All opossums tested negative for Theileria/Babesia spp. and Ehrlichia/Anaplasma spp. by PCR based on 18S rRNA and 16S rRNA genes, respectively. A genus-specific PCR assay based on the 16S rRNA gene of hemoplasmas showed that three/13 (23.08%; CI 95%: 8.18-50.26%) opossums from Foz do Iguaçu were positive for hemotropic Mycoplasma sp. All opossums from Curitiba tested negative for hemoplasmas. Sequencing of both the 16S and 23S rRNA genes revealed that the animals were infected by 'Ca. M. haemoalbiventris'. Although 'Ca. M. haemoalbiventris' is prevalent in opossums in Brazil, clinical signs associated with its infection and its putative vectors remain unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Flávia Carolina Meira Collere
- Laboratório de Doenças Transmitidas por Vetores, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - Larissa Dantas Roeder Ferrari
- Laboratório de Doenças Transmitidas por Vetores, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - Vanessa Dos Santos Coradi
- Laboratório de Doenças Transmitidas por Vetores, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - Nathália de Albuquerque Soares
- Laboratório de Doenças Transmitidas por Vetores, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - André de Souza Leandro
- Unidade de Vigilância em Zoonoses, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brasil
| | | | - Sandro Roberto Galvão
- Unidade de Vigilância em Zoonoses, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brasil
| | - Rosinei Kafka
- Unidade de Vigilância em Zoonoses, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brasil
| | - Robson Michael Delai
- Laboratório de Saúde Única, Centro de Medicina Tropical das Três Fronteiras, Fundação Itaiguapy, Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brasil
| | - Rafaella Martini
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - André Saldanha
- Laboratório de Doenças Transmitidas por Vetores, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - Leonardo Pereira Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Doenças Transmitidas por Vetores, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | | | - Rogério Ribas Lange
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | | | - Rafael Felipe da Costa Vieira
- Laboratório de Doenças Transmitidas por Vetores, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brasil.,Global One Health initiative - GOHi, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Leandro ADS, Rios JA, Britto ADS, Galvão SR, Lopes RD, Rivas AV, Martins CA, da Silva I, Delai RM, Gonçalves DD, da Silva MAN, Palacio-Cortès AM, Schuartz V, Sibim AC, de Castro WAC. Malathion insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti: laboratory conditions and in situ experimental approach through adult entomological surveillance. Trop Med Int Health 2020; 25:1271-1282. [PMID: 32746492 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In Brazil, the most common method of controlling outbreaks of arbovirus is by the use of chemical sprays, which kill the insect vector, Aedes aegypti. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the resistance of Ae. aegypti to the insecticide, malathion, in situ. The location of this study was the municipality of Foz do Iguaçu, in the state of Paraná, Brazil. METHODS Ultra-low-volume (ULV) fogging equipment was used, by vehicle, to apply the insecticide in situ, and mosquito populations after treatment were compared with those of control areas. The resistance of strains collected from the municipality was compared to the Rockefeller strain under laboratory conditions. RESULTS We found 220 adult female specimens and 7423 eggs of Ae. aegypti in the areas subjected to UBV treatment, whereas 245 adult females and 10 557 eggs were found in the control areas. The UBV treatment area showed no significant difference compared to the control area, for all the indices. Mortality of the Rockefeller colony varied more quickly when there were slight variations in malathion concentration than the Foz do Iguaçu population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean Avemir Rios
- Zoonoses Surveillance Unit, Municipal Secretary of Health, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
| | | | | | - Renata Defante Lopes
- Zoonoses Surveillance Unit, Municipal Secretary of Health, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
| | - Açucena Veleh Rivas
- Latin-American Institute of Life Sciences and Nature, Federal University of Latin American Integration, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil.,One Health Laboratory at the Three-Border Tropical Medicine Center, Itaiguapy Foundation - Institute of Teaching and Research, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
| | | | - Isaac da Silva
- Zoonoses Surveillance Unit, Municipal Secretary of Health, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
| | - Robson Michael Delai
- One Health Laboratory at the Three-Border Tropical Medicine Center, Itaiguapy Foundation - Institute of Teaching and Research, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil.,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Daniela Dib Gonçalves
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | | | - Angela Maria Palacio-Cortès
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physiology of Culicidae and Chironomidae, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Valéria Schuartz
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physiology of Culicidae and Chironomidae, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Cristiane Sibim
- Latin-American Institute of Technology, Infrastructure and Territory, Federal University of Latin American Integration, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
| | - Wagner Antonio Chiba de Castro
- Latin-American Institute of Life Sciences and Nature, Federal University of Latin American Integration, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
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Leandro ADS, Britto ADS, Rios JA, Galvão SR, Kafka R, de Oliveira WF, Neto OF, Silva I, Delai RM, Gonçalves DD, Svoboda WK, Rivas AV, Lopes RD, Trench FJP, de Castro WAC, Sibim AC, Ribas LFDO, Gois FR, Vieira RFDC, Biondo AW. Molecular Detection of Dengue Virus in Mosquitoes as an Early Indicator to Aid in the Prevention of Human Infection in Endemic Areas. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2019; 20:54-59. [PMID: 31697613 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2018.2411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cases of dengue virus based on the National Dengue Control Plan were compared with the molecular detection of the dengue virus in trapped mosquitoes, verifying the prediction and efficacy potentials of vector control between the two methodologies in a city with three endemic frontiers. Molecular detection of dengue virus in trapped mosquitoes was significantly higher than in human cases (p = 0.0435). Thus, molecular detection could be used as an early indicator to help prevent more human cases of dengue.
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Affiliation(s)
- André de Souza Leandro
- Zoonoses Surveillance Unit, Municipal Secretary of Health, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | - André da Silva Britto
- Zoonoses Surveillance Unit, Municipal Secretary of Health, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Jean Avemir Rios
- Zoonoses Surveillance Unit, Municipal Secretary of Health, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Sandro Roberto Galvão
- Zoonoses Surveillance Unit, Municipal Secretary of Health, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rosinei Kafka
- Zoonoses Surveillance Unit, Municipal Secretary of Health, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Orestes Fecci Neto
- Zoonoses Surveillance Unit, Municipal Secretary of Health, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Isaac Silva
- Zoonoses Surveillance Unit, Municipal Secretary of Health, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Robson Michael Delai
- One Health Laboratory at the Three-Border Tropical Medicine Center, Itaiguapy Foundation, Institute of Teaching and Research, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil.,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Daniela Dib Gonçalves
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Walfrido Kühl Svoboda
- Latin-American Institute of Life Sciences and Nature, Federal University of Latin American Integration, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Açucena Veleh Rivas
- Latin-American Institute of Technology, Infrastructure and Territory, Federal University of Latin American Integration, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Renata Defante Lopes
- Zoonoses Surveillance Unit, Municipal Secretary of Health, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Flávia Julyana Pina Trench
- Latin-American Institute of Life Sciences and Nature, Federal University of Latin American Integration, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Wagner Antônio Chiba de Castro
- Latin-American Institute of Life Sciences and Nature, Federal University of Latin American Integration, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Cristiane Sibim
- Latin-American Institute of Technology, Infrastructure and Territory, Federal University of Latin American Integration, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Alexander Welker Biondo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Paraná, Brazil.,Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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Pinto-Ferreira F, Pasquali AKS, Thomaz-Soccol V, Mitsuka-Breganó R, Caldart ET, Leandro ADS, Chiyo L, Pozzolo EM, Cubas P, Giordano LGP, Petterle RR, Navarro IT. Epidemiological relevance of dogs for the prevention of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Leptospira spp. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 28:383-394. [PMID: 31390432 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612019043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Leptospira spp. in dogs from Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil. Indirect immunofluorescent antibody test was used to detect antibodies anti-T.gondii and anti-N. caninum. Immunoenzymatic assay and microscopic serum agglutination were used for screening antibodies anti-T.gondii and anti-Leptospira spp., respectively. The results were: 67.02% of the samples reactive for T.gondii and 1.38% for N. caninum, both without statistically significant variables. For Leptospira spp. the results indicated seroprevalence of 23.11%. The analysis of the variables without distinction of serovar showed association for intrinsic characteristics as breed, age, nutritional status and dog category. The extrinsic variables as city region and access to the street presented association (p<0.05). The most prevalent serovars were: Canicola 59.47%; Bratislava 13.07% and Butembo 15.68%. Variables that make up the adjusted multiple analysis model using Leptospira spp. were: age, breed and nutritional status; serovar Canicola, sex, nutritional status and area (p<0.05); serovar Bratislava, lymphadenomegaly and presence of fleas (p<0.05). Given the results obtained, dogs can be used as sentinels for toxoplasmosis and leptospirosis in Foz do Iguaçu and other cities with similar outcomes. In addition, preventive measures should be taken by health authorities because they are zoonoses and humans are also at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Luciana Chiyo
- Prefeitura de Foz do Iguaçu, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brasil
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Maitra A, Cunha-Machado AS, Souza Leandro AD, Costa FMD, Scarpassa VM. Exploring deeper genetic structures: Aedes aegypti in Brazil. Acta Trop 2019; 195:68-77. [PMID: 31034798 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti, being the principal vector of dengue (DENV1 to 4), chikungunya and Zika viruses, is considered as one of the most important mosquito vectors. In Brazil, despite regular vector control programs, Ae. aegypti still persists with high urban density in all the states. This study aimed to estimate the intra and inter population genetic diversity and genetic structure among 15 Brazilian populations of Ae. aegypti based on 12 microsatellite loci. A total of 510 specimens were analyzed comprising eight locations from northern (Itacoatiara, Manaus, Novo Airão, Boa Vista, Rio Branco, Porto Velho, Guajará-Mirim and Macapá), three from southeastern (Araçatuba, São José de Rio Preto and Taubaté), one from southern (Foz do Iguaçu), one from central west (Cuiabá) and two from northeastern (Campina Grande and Teresina) regions of Brazil. Genetic distances (pairwise values of FST and Nm) and the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) were statistically significant, independent of geographic distances among the sites analyzed, indicating that them are under a complex dynamic process that influence the levels of gene flow within and among regions of the country. Bayesian analysis in STRUCTURE revealed the existence of two major genetic clusters, as well as there was genetic substructure within them; these results were confirmed by AMOVA, BAPS and DAPC analyses. This differentiation is the cumulative result of several factors combined as events of multiple introduction, passive dispersal, environmental and climatic conditions, use of insecticides, cycles of extinction and re-colonization followed by microevolutionary processes throughout the country. Isolation by distance also contributed to this differentiation, especially among geographically closer localities. These genetic differences may affect its vector competence to transmit dengue, chikungunya, Zika and the response to vector control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahana Maitra
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Conservação e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto Nacional Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, CEP 69.067-375, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Antônio Saulo Cunha-Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Conservação e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto Nacional Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, CEP 69.067-375, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - André de Souza Leandro
- Centro de Zoonoses, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde e Saneamento, Prefeitura Municipal de Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fábio Medeiros da Costa
- Oikos Consultoria e Projetos, Departamento de Meio Ambiente, Estrada de Santo Antônio, 3903 Apto 103 - Triângulo, Porto Velho, CEP 76.805 - 696, Rondônia, Brazil
| | - Vera Margarete Scarpassa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Conservação e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto Nacional Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, CEP 69.067-375, Amazonas, Brazil; Laboratório de Genética de Populações e Evolução de Vetores de Malária e Dengue, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, CEP 69.067-375, Amazonas, Brazil.
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Rivas AV, Defante R, Delai RM, Rios JA, Britto ADS, Leandro ADS, Gonçalves DD. Building Infestation Index for Aedes aegypti and occurrence of dengue fever in the municipality of Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil, from 2001 to 2016. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0228-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Açucena Veleh Rivas
- Centro de Controle de Zoonoses, Brasil; Centro Universitário Dinâmica das Cataratas, Brazil
| | - Renata Defante
- Centro de Controle de Zoonoses, Brasil; Centro Universitário Dinâmica das Cataratas, Brazil
| | - Robson Michael Delai
- Centro Universitário Dinâmica das Cataratas, Brazil; Universidade Paranaense, Brazil; Fundação de Saúde Itaiguapy, Brasil
| | | | - André da Silva Britto
- Centro de Controle de Zoonoses, Brasil; Centro de Ensino Superior de Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
| | - André de Souza Leandro
- Centro de Controle de Zoonoses, Brasil; Centro Universitário Dinâmica das Cataratas, Brazil
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Thomaz Soccol V, Pasquali AKS, Pozzolo EM, Leandro ADS, Chiyo L, Baggio RA, Michaliszyn MS, Silva C, Cubas PH, Peterlle R, Paz OLDS, Belmonte IL, Bisetto-Junior A. More than the eyes can see: The worrying scenario of canine leishmaniasis in the Brazilian side of the triple border. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189182. [PMID: 29232388 PMCID: PMC5726634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A cross-sectional epidemiological study in the extreme-west of the state of Paraná was carried out to access the prevalence, distribution, and risk variables of canine Visceral Leishmaniases (cVL). This study was conducted in three areas, two cities of far west of Parana state: Foz do Iguaçu (FI) and Santa Terezinha de Itaipu (STI), and along two transects between these two municipalities. To sample the entire urban area, the cities (FI and STI) were divided into a grid of squares of 400 m2 (patch). Among the 526 patches, 123 in FI, 40 in the transects and 33 in STI were selected according to the 'worst scenario' criterion. In the transect areas, in each 0.86 km five dogs from houses were surveyed to leishmaniasis. In each patch, blood of five dogs from houses (and from neighborhood when necessary) in the areas that seemed to be the most appropriate for the proliferation of vector were surveyed. The infection of the dogs by cVL were assessed using two serological tests were used (cELISA and TR-DPP®), and, for those seropositive for both methods, the PCR method were used. Moreover, dogs presenting clinical signs or cutaneous lesions were sampled to PCR. The identification of Leishmania species was confirmed using PCR-RFLP followed by DNA sequencing. Micro, meso and macro scale environmental variables were also surveyed and statistically analyzed. The prevalence rate Leishmania infantum was 23.8% in FI, 4.7% in STI and 9.1% in the transects areas. Among the extrinsic variables analysed, the number of vectors and the presence of infected dogs in neighbouring were positively correlated with the occurrence of infected dogs. Dog size was positively correlated with cVL infection, while the quality of the dog's nutrition affected cVL negatively. As for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), the first registry of dogs infected with L. braziliensis in the region shows that there is potential for transmission in peri-urban areas, since environmental conditions allow the proliferation of vectors capable of transmitting this species of parasite. cVL is widely spread in FI, with high prevalence. This supports the hypothesis that the parasite has been present in the region for longer than previously believed, despite the fact that the presence of leishmaniais in the region has only been recognized recently. It is important to control the population of dogs infected with L. infantum (parasite and non-antibodies) to prevent the spread of the disease to other dogs and also to people in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanete Thomaz Soccol
- UFPR—Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Rua Francisco H dos Santos, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Aline Kuhn Sbruzzi Pasquali
- UFPR—Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Rua Francisco H dos Santos, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Eliane Maria Pozzolo
- SESA- Secretary of Health of the State of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil and Ninth Health Region, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Chiyo
- Zoonosis Control Center—CCZ, Foz do Iguaçu Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rafael Antunes Baggio
- UFPR—Graduate Program in Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Rua Francisco H dos Santos, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Silva
- Vigilância Sanitária, Santa Terezinha de Itaipu, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Peterlle
- UFPR- Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Otacilio Lopes de Souza Paz
- Laboratório de Análise de Padrões Espaciais e Cartografia Temática (LAPE-CT), Laboratório Pedagógico de Geografia (LABOGEO), Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ivana Lucia Belmonte
- SESA- Secretary of Health of the State of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil and Ninth Health Region, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Alceu Bisetto-Junior
- SESA- Secretary of Health of the State of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil and Ninth Health Region, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil
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Gomes ADC, da Silva NN, Bernal RTI, Leandro ADS, de Camargo NJ, da Silva AM, Ferreira AC, Ogura LC, de Oliveira SJ, de Moura SM. [Specificity of the Adultrap for capturing females of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)]. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2007; 40:216-9. [PMID: 17568892 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86822007000200014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2006] [Accepted: 01/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Adultrap is a new trap built for capturing females of Aedes aegypti. Tests were carried out to evaluate the specificity of this trap in comparison with the technique of aspiration of specimens in artificial shelters. Adultraps were kept for 24 hours inside and outside 120 randomly selected homes in two districts of the city of Foz do Iguaçú, State of Paraná. The statistical test was Poissons log-linear model. The result was 726 mosquitoes captured, of which 80 were Aedes aegypti. The Adultrap captured only females of this species, while the aspiration method captured both sexes of Aedes aegypti and another five species. The Adultrap captured Aedes aegypti inside and outside the homes, but the analysis indicated that, outside the homes, this trap captured significantly more females than aspiration did. The sensitivity of the Adultrap for detecting females of Aedes aegypti in low-frequency situations was also demonstrated.
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