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Rodrigues A, MacQuarrie KL, Freeman E, Lin A, Willis AB, Xu Z, Alvarez AA, Ma Y, White BEP, Foltz DR, Huang S. Nucleoli and the nucleoli-centromere association are dynamic during normal development and in cancer. Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:br5. [PMID: 36753381 PMCID: PMC10092642 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-06-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Centromeres are known to cluster around nucleoli in Drosophila and mammalian cells, but the significance of the nucleoli-centromere interaction remains underexplored. To determine whether the interaction is dynamic under different physiological and pathological conditions, we examined nucleolar structure and centromeres at various differentiation stages using cell culture models and the results showed dynamic changes in nucleolar characteristics and nucleoli-centromere interactions through differentiation and in cancer cells. Embryonic stem cells usually have a single large nucleolus, which is clustered with a high percentage of centromeres. As cells differentiate into intermediate states, the nucleolar number increases and the centromere association decreases. In terminally differentiated cells, including myotubes, neurons, and keratinocytes, the number of nucleoli and their association with centromeres are at the lowest. Cancer cells demonstrate the pattern of nucleoli number and nucleoli-centromere association that is akin to proliferative cell types, suggesting that nucleolar reorganization and changes in nucleoli-centromere interactions may play a role in facilitating malignant transformation. This idea is supported in a case of pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma, in which induced differentiation reduces the nucleolar number and centromere association. These findings suggest active roles of nucleolar structure in centromere function and genome organization critical for cellular function in both normal development and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Rodrigues
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Kyle L. MacQuarrie
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Emma Freeman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Alicia Lin
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Alexander B. Willis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Zhaofa Xu
- Departments of Pediatrics, Neurology and Neuroscience, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Angel A. Alvarez
- Stem Cell Core and Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Yongchao Ma
- Departments of Pediatrics, Neurology and Neuroscience, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Bethany E. Perez White
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Biology and Diseases Resource-based Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Daniel R. Foltz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Sui Huang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611
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Sastry NG, Wan X, Huang T, Alvarez AA, Pangeni RP, Song X, James CD, Horbinski CM, Brennan CW, Nakano I, Hu B, Cheng SY. LY6K promotes glioblastoma tumorigenicity via CAV-1-mediated ERK1/2 signaling enhancement. Neuro Oncol 2021; 22:1315-1326. [PMID: 32055849 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus K (LY6K) is a putative oncogene in various cancers. Elevated expression of LY6K is correlated with poor patient prognosis in glioblastoma (GBM). The aim of this study is to advance our understanding of the mechanism by which LY6K contributes to GBM tumor biology. METHODS Bioinformatic data mining was used to investigate LY6K expression in relation to GBM clinical outcome. To understand the role of LY6K in GBM, we utilized patient-derived glioma stemlike cells (GSCs) and U87 cells and employed immunoblotting, immunofluorescent staining, radiation treatment, and orthotopic GBM xenograft models. RESULTS Our results show that increased expression of LY6K inversely correlates with GBM patient survival. LY6K promotes tumorigenicity in GBM cells both in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism underlying this tumorigenic behavior is enhancement of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) signaling. Interestingly, we observed that tumor-promoting LY6K-ERK1/2 signaling is mediated by the interaction of LY6K with caveolin-1, rather than through oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase-mediated signaling. Moreover, association of LY6K with the cell membrane is crucial for its tumorigenic functions. Finally, DNA methylation maintains LY6K silencing, and hypomethylation of the LY6K promoter increases its expression. In GSCs, ionizing radiation leads to demethylation of the LY6K promoter, thereby increasing LY6K expression and GSC resistance to radiation. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the importance of the contribution of LY6K to GBM tumor biology and suggests LY6K as a potential membrane target for treating GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namratha G Sastry
- Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xuechao Wan
- Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tianzhi Huang
- Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Angel A Alvarez
- Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rajendra P Pangeni
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Xiao Song
- Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Charles David James
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Craig M Horbinski
- Department of Pathology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Cameron W Brennan
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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3
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Sang Y, Hou Y, Cheng R, Zheng L, Alvarez AA, Hu B, Cheng SY, Zhang W, Li Y, Feng H. Targeting PDGFRα-activated glioblastoma through specific inhibition of SHP-2-mediated signaling. Neuro Oncol 2020; 21:1423-1435. [PMID: 31232447 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant primary brain tumor, with dismal median survival. Treatment of GBM is particularly challenging given the intrinsic resistance to chemotherapy and difficulty of drugs to reach the tumor beds due to the blood-brain barrier. Here, we examined the efficacy of SHP099, a potent, selective, and oral SHP-2 inhibitor for treating GBM with activated platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα) signaling. METHODS The effects of SHP099 on cell survival of neural progenitor cells (NPCs), GBM cell lines, and patient-derived glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) were evaluated. Brain and plasma pharmacokinetics of SHP099 and its ability to inhibit SHP-2 signaling were assessed. SHP099 efficacy as a single agent or in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) was assessed using transformed mouse astrocyte and GSC orthotopic xenograft models. RESULTS Activated PDGFRα signaling in established GBM cells, GSCs, and transformed mouse astrocytes was significantly inhibited by SHP099 compared with NPCs in vitro and in vivo through targeting SHP-2-stimulated activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 in GBM. SHP099 treatment specifically inhibited expression of JUN, a downstream effector of PDGFR signaling, thereby attenuating cell cycle progression in GBM cells with activated PDGFRα. Moreover, SHP099 accumulated at efficacious concentrations in the brain and effectively inhibited orthotopic GBM tumor xenograft growth. SHP099 exhibited antitumor activity either as a single agent or in combination with TMZ and provided significant survival benefits for GBM tumor xenograft-bearing animals. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate the utility and feasibility of SHP099 as a potential therapeutic option for improving the clinical treatment of GBM in combination with TMZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzhou Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanli Hou
- Department of Radiotherapy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongrong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Angel A Alvarez
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haizhong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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4
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Tang J, Yu B, Li Y, Zhang W, Alvarez AA, Hu B, Cheng S, Feng H. TGF-β-activated lncRNA LINC00115 is a critical regulator of glioma stem-like cell tumorigenicity. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:e48170. [PMID: 31599491 PMCID: PMC6893290 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical regulators in cancer. However, the involvement of lncRNAs in TGF-β-regulated tumorigenicity is still unclear. Here, we identify TGF-β-activated lncRNA LINC00115 as a critical regulator of glioma stem-like cell (GSC) self-renewal and tumorigenicity. LINC00115 is upregulated by TGF-β, acts as a miRNA sponge, and upregulates ZEB1 by competitively binding of miR-200s, thereby enhancing ZEB1 signaling and GSC self-renewal. LINC00115 also promotes ZNF596 transcription by preventing binding of miR-200s to the 5'-UTR of ZNF596, resulting in augmented ZNF596/EZH2/STAT3 signaling and GBM tumor growth. Inhibition of EZH2 by genetic approaches or a small molecular inhibitor markedly suppresses LINC00115-driven GSC self-renewal and tumorigenicity. Moreover, LINC00115 is highly expressed in GBM, and LINC00115 expression or correlated co-expression with ZEB1 or ZNF596 is prognostic for clinical GBM survival. Our work defines a critical role of LINC00115 in GSC self-renewal and tumorigenicity, and suggests LINC00115 as a potential target for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research CenterShanghai Cancer InstituteRen Ji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Bo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research CenterShanghai Cancer InstituteRen Ji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yanxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of HealthDepartment of Hematology & OncologyShanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research CenterShanghai Cancer InstituteRen Ji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Angel A Alvarez
- Department of NeurologyNorthwestern Brain Tumor InstituteThe Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoILUSA
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of NeurologyNorthwestern Brain Tumor InstituteThe Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoILUSA
| | - Shi‐Yuan Cheng
- Department of NeurologyNorthwestern Brain Tumor InstituteThe Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoILUSA
| | - Haizhong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research CenterShanghai Cancer InstituteRen Ji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
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5
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Wang Y, Hou Y, Zhang W, Alvarez AA, Bai Y, Hu B, Cheng SY, Yang K, Li Y, Feng H. Correction to: Lipolytic inhibitor G0S2 modulates glioma stem-like cell radiation response. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:331. [PMID: 31358019 PMCID: PMC6661739 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1335-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In the original publication of this article [1], the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) accession code GSE79772 is wrong. The correct accession code should be GSE86213.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinfang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yanli Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.,Department of Radiotherapy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Angel A Alvarez
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Yongrui Bai
- Department of Radiotherapy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570102, Hainan, China.
| | - Yanxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Haizhong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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6
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Wang Y, Hou Y, Zhang W, Alvarez AA, Bai Y, Hu B, Cheng SY, Yang K, Li Y, Feng H. Correction to: Lipolytic inhibitor G0S2 modulates glioma stem-like cell radiation response. J Orthop Surg Res 2019; 14:215. [PMID: 31311601 PMCID: PMC6633653 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-019-1274-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yinfang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yanli Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.,Department of Radiotherapy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Angel A Alvarez
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Yongrui Bai
- Department of Radiotherapy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570102, Hainan, China.
| | - Yanxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Haizhong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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7
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Huang T, Wan X, Alvarez AA, James CD, Song X, Yang Y, Sastry N, Nakano I, Sulman EP, Hu B, Cheng SY. MIR93 (microRNA -93) regulates tumorigenicity and therapy response of glioblastoma by targeting autophagy. Autophagy 2019; 15:1100-1111. [PMID: 30654687 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1569947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a natural intracellular process that maintains cellular homeostasis and protects cells from death under stress conditions. Autophagy sustains tumor survival and growth when induced by common cancer treatments, including IR and cytotoxic chemotherapy, thereby contributing to therapeutic resistance of tumors. In this study, we report that the expression of MIR93, noted in two clinically relevant tumor subtypes of GBM, influenced GSC phenotype as well as tumor response to therapy through its effects on autophagy. Our mechanistic studies revealed that MIR93 regulated autophagic activities in GSCs through simultaneous inhibition of multiple autophagy regulators, including BECN1/Beclin 1, ATG5, ATG4B, and SQSTM1/p62. Moreover, two first-line treatments for GBM, IR and temozolomide (TMZ), as well as rapamycin (Rap), the prototypic MTOR inhibitor, decreased MIR93 expression that, in turn, stimulated autophagic processes in GSCs. Inhibition of autophagy by ectopic MIR93 expression, or via autophagy inhibitors NSC (an ATG4B inhibitor) and CQ, enhanced the activity of IR and TMZ against GSCs. Collectively, our findings reveal a key role for MIR93 in the regulation of autophagy and suggest a combination treatment strategy involving the inhibition of autophagy while administering cytotoxic therapy. Abbreviations: ACTB: actin beta; ATG4B: autophagy related 4B cysteine peptidase; ATG5: autophagy related 5; BECN1: beclin 1; CL: classical; CQ: chloroquine diphosphate; CSCs: cancer stem cells; GBM: glioblastoma; GSCs: glioma stem-like cells; HEK: human embryonic kidney; IB: immunoblotting; IF: immunofluorescent staining; IR: irradiation; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MES: mesenchymal; MIR93: microRNA 93; MIRC: a control miRNA; miRNA/miR: microRNA; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NSC: NSC185085; PN: proneural; qRT-PCR: quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; Rap: rapamycin; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TCGA: the cancer genome atlas; TMZ: temozolomide; WT: wild type; ZIP93: lentiviral miRZIP targeting MIR93; ZIPC: lentiviral miRZip targeting control miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhi Huang
- a The Ken & Ruth Devee Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute , The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern Universityd Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Xuechao Wan
- a The Ken & Ruth Devee Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute , The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern Universityd Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Angel A Alvarez
- a The Ken & Ruth Devee Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute , The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern Universityd Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - C David James
- b Department of Neurological Surgery , Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Xiao Song
- a The Ken & Ruth Devee Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute , The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern Universityd Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Yongyong Yang
- a The Ken & Ruth Devee Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute , The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern Universityd Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Namratha Sastry
- a The Ken & Ruth Devee Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute , The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern Universityd Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- c Department of Neurosurgery , University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , AL , USA
| | - Erik P Sulman
- d Department of Radiation Oncology , The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Bo Hu
- a The Ken & Ruth Devee Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute , The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern Universityd Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- a The Ken & Ruth Devee Department of Neurology, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute , The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern Universityd Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
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8
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Pangeni RP, Zhang Z, Alvarez AA, Wan X, Sastry N, Lu S, Shi T, Huang T, Lei CX, James CD, Kessler JA, Brennan CW, Nakano I, Lu X, Hu B, Zhang W, Cheng SY. Genome-wide methylomic and transcriptomic analyses identify subtype-specific epigenetic signatures commonly dysregulated in glioma stem cells and glioblastoma. Epigenetics 2018; 13:432-448. [PMID: 29927689 PMCID: PMC6140806 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2018.1469892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma stem cells (GSCs), a subpopulation of tumor cells, contribute to tumor heterogeneity and therapy resistance. Gene expression profiling classified glioblastoma (GBM) and GSCs into four transcriptomically-defined subtypes. Here, we determined the DNA methylation signatures in transcriptomically pre-classified GSC and GBM bulk tumors subtypes. We hypothesized that these DNA methylation signatures correlate with gene expression and are uniquely associated either with only GSCs or only GBM bulk tumors. Additional methylation signatures may be commonly associated with both GSCs and GBM bulk tumors, i.e., common to non-stem-like and stem-like tumor cell populations and correlating with the clinical prognosis of glioma patients. We analyzed Illumina 450K methylation array and expression data from a panel of 23 patient-derived GSCs. We referenced these results with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) GBM datasets to generate methylomic and transcriptomic signatures for GSCs and GBM bulk tumors of each transcriptomically pre-defined tumor subtype. Survival analyses were carried out for these signature genes using publicly available datasets, including from TCGA. We report that DNA methylation signatures in proneural and mesenchymal tumor subtypes are either unique to GSCs, unique to GBM bulk tumors, or common to both. Further, dysregulated DNA methylation correlates with gene expression and clinical prognoses. Additionally, many previously identified transcriptionally-regulated markers are also dysregulated due to DNA methylation. The subtype-specific DNA methylation signatures described in this study could be useful for refining GBM sub-classification, improving prognostic accuracy, and making therapeutic decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra P. Pangeni
- Departments of Neurology, Chicago, IL, USA
- Lou and Jean Malnati, Brain Tumor Institute & The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Driskill Graduate Program in Life Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Angel A. Alvarez
- Departments of Neurology, Chicago, IL, USA
- Lou and Jean Malnati, Brain Tumor Institute & The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xuechao Wan
- Departments of Neurology, Chicago, IL, USA
- Lou and Jean Malnati, Brain Tumor Institute & The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Namratha Sastry
- Departments of Neurology, Chicago, IL, USA
- Lou and Jean Malnati, Brain Tumor Institute & The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern University Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Songjian Lu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Taiping Shi
- Departments of Neurology, Chicago, IL, USA
- Lou and Jean Malnati, Brain Tumor Institute & The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tianzhi Huang
- Departments of Neurology, Chicago, IL, USA
- Lou and Jean Malnati, Brain Tumor Institute & The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - C. David James
- Lou and Jean Malnati, Brain Tumor Institute & The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John A. Kessler
- Departments of Neurology, Chicago, IL, USA
- Lou and Jean Malnati, Brain Tumor Institute & The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Cameron W. Brennan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY, NY, USA
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Xinghua Lu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bo Hu
- Departments of Neurology, Chicago, IL, USA
- Lou and Jean Malnati, Brain Tumor Institute & The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Lou and Jean Malnati, Brain Tumor Institute & The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Driskill Graduate Program in Life Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- Departments of Neurology, Chicago, IL, USA
- Lou and Jean Malnati, Brain Tumor Institute & The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Driskill Graduate Program in Life Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern University Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Chicago, IL, USA
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9
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Lv D, Jia F, Hou Y, Sang Y, Alvarez AA, Zhang W, Hu B, Cheng SY, Ge J, Li Y, Feng H. Abstract 355: Histone acetyltransferase KAT6A upregulates PI3K/AKT signaling through TRIM24 binding. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Lysine acetyltransferase KAT6A is a chromatin regulator that contributes to histone modification and cancer, but the basis of its actions are not well understood. Here we identify a KAT6A signaling pathway that facilitates glioblastoma (GBM) where it is upregulated. KAT6A expression was associated with GBM patient survival. KAT6A silencing suppressed cell proliferation, cell migration, colony formation and tumor development in an orthotopic mouse xenograft model system. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that KAT6A acetylates lysine 23 of histone H3 (H3K23), which recruits the nuclear receptor binding protein TRIM24 to activate PIK3CA transcription, thereby enhancing PI3K/AKT signaling and tumorigenesis. Overexpressing activated AKT or PIK3CA rescued the growth inhibition due to KAT6A silencing. Conversely, the pan-PI3K inhibitor LY294002 abrogated the growth-promoting effect of KAT6A. Overexpression of KAT6A or TRIM24, but not KAT6A acetyltransferase activity- deficient mutants or TRIM24 mutants lacking H3K23ac binding sites promoted PIK3CA expression, AKT phosphorylation and cell proliferation. Taken together, our results define an essential role of KAT6A in glioma formation, rationalizing its candidacy as a therapeutic target for GBM treatment.
Citation Format: Deguan Lv, Feng Jia, Yanli Hou, Youzhou Sang, Angel A. Alvarez, Weiwei Zhang, Bo Hu, Shi-Yuan Cheng, Jianwei Ge, Yanxin Li, Haizhong Feng. Histone acetyltransferase KAT6A upregulates PI3K/AKT signaling through TRIM24 binding [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 355.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deguan Lv
- 1Shanghai Jiao University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Jia
- 1Shanghai Jiao University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanli Hou
- 1Shanghai Jiao University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Youzhou Sang
- 1Shanghai Jiao University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Angel A. Alvarez
- 2Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- 1Shanghai Jiao University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Hu
- 2Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- 2Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Jianwei Ge
- 1Shanghai Jiao University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanxin Li
- 1Shanghai Jiao University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haizhong Feng
- 1Shanghai Jiao University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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10
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Huang T, Kim CK, Alvarez AA, Pangeni RP, Wan X, song X, shi T, Yongyong Y, Sastry N, Horbinski C, Lu S, Stupp R, Kessler J, Nishikawa R, Nakano I, Sulman E, Lu X, James CD, Yin XM, Hu B, Cheng SY. Abstract 1122: MST4 phosphorylation of ATG4B regulates autophagic activity, tumorigenicity, and radio resistance in glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-1122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Autophagy-mediated intracellular catabolism sustains the rapid growth of established tumors and tumors in response to multiple stresses including genotoxic/cytotoxic therapies. Here we identify and validate ATG4B, a key regulator that stimulates autophagic process by promoting autophagosome through reversible modification of ATG8 as a novel substrate of mammalian sterile20-like kinase (STK) 26/MST4 that is less known for its function in cellular process (none in autophagy) and unknown authentic substrates in cancer. We show that MST4 phosphorylates ATG4B at serine residue 383, which stimulates ATG4B activity and increases autophagic flux. Inhibition of MST4 or ATG4B activities suppresses autophagic process and the tumorigenicity of glioblastoma (GBM) cells. Furthermore, radiation induces MST4 expression, ATG4B phosphorylation and autophagy. Inhibiting ATG4B in combination with radiotherapy in treating mice with intracranial GBM tumor xenografts markedly slows tumor growth and provides significant survival benefit to animal subjects. This study not only describes a novel regulatory mechanism by which the MST4-ATG4B axis accelerates autophagic process, regulates GBM tumorigenicity, and responses to radiotherapy (RT), but also explores imminent clinical utility of combination of ATG4B inhibition with RT to suppress orthotopic GBM tumor xenografts. This study should prove generalizable to other types of cancer and have positive impacts in advancing our knowledge of cancer biology and designing new cancer treatments.
Citation Format: Tianzhi Huang, Chung Kwon Kim, Angel A. Alvarez, Rajendra P Pangeni, Xuechao Wan, xiao song, Taiping shi, Yongyong Yongyong, Namratha Sastry, Craig Horbinski, Songjian Lu, Roger Stupp, John Kessler, Ryo Nishikawa, Ichiro Nakano, Erik Sulman, Xinghua Lu, Charles David James, Xiao-Ming Yin, Bo Hu, Shi-Yuan Cheng. MST4 phosphorylation of ATG4B regulates autophagic activity, tumorigenicity, and radio resistance in glioblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1122.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ryo Nishikawa
- 3Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- 4The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Erik Sulman
- 5The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Xinghua Lu
- 2University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | | | - Bo Hu
- 1Northwestern Univ., Chicago, IL
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11
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Lv D, Li Y, Zhang W, Alvarez AA, Tang J, Hu B, Cheng SY, Feng H. Abstract 2540: TRIM24 is an oncogenic transcriptional co-activator of STAT3 in glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-2540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aberrant amplification and mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are the most common oncogenic events in glioblastoma (GBM), but the mechanisms by which they promote aggressive pathogenesis are not well understood. Here, we determine that non-canonical histone signature acetylated H3 lysine 23 (H3K23ac)-binding protein tripartite motif-containing 24 (TRIM24) is upregulated in clinical GBM specimens and required for EGFR-driven tumorigenesis. In multiple glioma cell lines and patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs), EGFR signaling promotes H3K23 acetylation and association with TRIM24. Consequently, TRIM24 functions as a transcriptional co-activator and recruits STAT3, leading to stabilized STAT3-chromatin interactions and subsequent activation of STAT3 downstream signaling, thereby enhancing EGFR-driven tumorigenesis. Our findings uncover a pathway in which TRIM24 functions as a signal relay for oncogenic EGFR signaling and suggest TRIM24 as a potential therapeutic target for GBM that are associated with EGFR activation.
Citation Format: Deguan Lv, Yanxin Li, Weiwei Zhang, Angel A. Alvarez, Jianming Tang, Bo Hu, Shi-Yuan Cheng, Haizhong Feng. TRIM24 is an oncogenic transcriptional co-activator of STAT3 in glioblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2540.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deguan Lv
- 1Shanghai Jiao University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanxin Li
- 1Shanghai Jiao University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- 1Shanghai Jiao University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Angel A. Alvarez
- 2Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Jianming Tang
- 1Shanghai Jiao University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Hu
- 2Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- 2Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Haizhong Feng
- 1Shanghai Jiao University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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12
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Sang Y, Li Y, Song L, Alvarez AA, Zhang W, Lv D, Tang J, Liu F, Chang Z, Hatakeyama S, Hu B, Cheng SY, Feng H. TRIM59 Promotes Gliomagenesis by Inhibiting TC45 Dephosphorylation of STAT3. Cancer Res 2018; 78:1792-1804. [PMID: 29386185 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant EGFR signaling is a common driver of glioblastoma (GBM) pathogenesis; however, the downstream effectors that sustain this oncogenic pathway remain unclarified. Here we demonstrate that tripartite motif-containing protein 59 (TRIM59) acts as a new downstream effector of EGFR signaling by regulating STAT3 activation in GBM. EGFR signaling led to TRIM59 upregulation through SOX9 and enhanced the interaction between TRIM59 and nuclear STAT3, which prevents STAT3 dephosphorylation by the nuclear form of T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TC45), thereby maintaining transcriptional activation and promoting tumorigenesis. Silencing TRIM59 suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and orthotopic xenograft brain tumor formation of GBM cells and glioma stem cells. Evaluation of GBM patient samples revealed an association between EGFR activation, TRIM59 expression, STAT3 phosphorylation, and poor prognoses. Our study identifies TRIM59 as a new regulator of oncogenic EGFR/STAT3 signaling and as a potential therapeutic target for GBM patients with EGFR activation.Significance: These findings identify a novel component of the EGFR/STAT3 signaling axis in the regulation of glioma tumorigenesis. Cancer Res; 78(7); 1792-804. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzhou Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lina Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Angel A Alvarez
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deguan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianming Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Liu
- National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijie Chang
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shigetsugu Hatakeyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Haizhong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Abstract
Autophagy is a catabolic program that is responsible for the degradation of dysfunctional or unnecessary proteins and organelles to maintain cellular homeostasis. Mechanistically, it involves the formation of double-membrane autophagosomes that sequester cytoplasmic material and deliver it to lysosomes for degradation. Eventually, the material is recycled back to the cytoplasm. Abnormalities of autophagy often lead to human diseases, such as neurodegeneration and cancer. In the case of cancer, increasing evidence has revealed the paradoxical roles of autophagy in both tumor inhibition and tumor promotion. Here, we summarize the context-dependent role of autophagy and its complicated molecular mechanisms in the hallmarks of cancer. Moreover, we discuss how therapeutics targeting autophagy can counter malignant transformation and tumor progression. Overall, the findings of studies discussed here shed new light on exploiting the complicated mechanisms of the autophagic machinery and relevant small-molecule modulators as potential antitumor agents to improve therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhi Huang
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Xiao Song
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Yongyong Yang
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Xuechao Wan
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Angel A. Alvarez
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Namratha Sastry
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Haizhong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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14
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Huang T, Kim CK, Alvarez AA, Pangeni RP, Wan X, Song X, Shi T, Yang Y, Sastry N, Horbinski CM, Lu S, Stupp R, Kessler JA, Nishikawa R, Nakano I, Sulman EP, Lu X, James CD, Yin XM, Hu B, Cheng SY. MST4 Phosphorylation of ATG4B Regulates Autophagic Activity, Tumorigenicity, and Radioresistance in Glioblastoma. Cancer Cell 2017; 32:840-855.e8. [PMID: 29232556 PMCID: PMC5734934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
ATG4B stimulates autophagy by promoting autophagosome formation through reversible modification of ATG8. We identify ATG4B as a substrate of mammalian sterile20-like kinase (STK) 26/MST4. MST4 phosphorylates ATG4B at serine residue 383, which stimulates ATG4B activity and increases autophagic flux. Inhibition of MST4 or ATG4B activities using genetic approaches or an inhibitor of ATG4B suppresses autophagy and the tumorigenicity of glioblastoma (GBM) cells. Furthermore, radiation induces MST4 expression, ATG4B phosphorylation, and autophagy. Inhibiting ATG4B in combination with radiotherapy in treating mice with intracranial GBM xenograft markedly slows tumor growth and provides a significant survival benefit. Our work describes an MST4-ATG4B signaling axis that influences GBM autophagy and malignancy, and whose therapeutic targeting enhances the anti-tumor effects of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhi Huang
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; The Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Chung Kwon Kim
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; The Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Angel A Alvarez
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; The Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rajendra P Pangeni
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; The Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Xuechao Wan
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; The Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Xiao Song
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; The Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Taiping Shi
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; The Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yongyong Yang
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; The Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Namratha Sastry
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; The Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Craig M Horbinski
- The Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Songjian Lu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15206, USA
| | - Roger Stupp
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; The Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - John A Kessler
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; The Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ryo Nishikawa
- Department of Neuro-Oncology/Neurosurgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama 350-1298, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 97, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xinghua Lu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15206, USA
| | - Charles David James
- The Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Xiao-Ming Yin
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Bo Hu
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; The Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; The Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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15
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Lv D, Li Y, Zhang W, Alvarez AA, Song L, Tang J, Gao WQ, Hu B, Cheng SY, Feng H. TRIM24 is an oncogenic transcriptional co-activator of STAT3 in glioblastoma. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1454. [PMID: 29129908 PMCID: PMC5682287 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01731-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant amplification and mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are the most common oncogenic events in glioblastoma (GBM), but the mechanisms by which they promote aggressive pathogenesis are not well understood. Here, we determine that non-canonical histone signature acetylated H3 lysine 23 (H3K23ac)-binding protein tripartite motif-containing 24 (TRIM24) is upregulated in clinical GBM specimens and required for EGFR-driven tumorigenesis. In multiple glioma cell lines and patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs), EGFR signaling promotes H3K23 acetylation and association with TRIM24. Consequently, TRIM24 functions as a transcriptional co-activator and recruits STAT3, leading to stabilized STAT3-chromatin interactions and subsequent activation of STAT3 downstream signaling, thereby enhancing EGFR-driven tumorigenesis. Our findings uncover a pathway in which TRIM24 functions as a signal relay for oncogenic EGFR signaling and suggest TRIM24 as a potential therapeutic target for GBM that are associated with EGFR activation. EGF receptor (EGFR) amplification and mutation are major drivers in glioma tumorigenesis but this mechanism is not well understood. Here, the authors show EGFR-upregulated H3K23ac binds TRIM24 which recruits STAT3, leading to activation of STAT3 signaling, enhancing EGFR-driven tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deguan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 310000, China
| | - Yanxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Angel A Alvarez
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Lina Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jianming Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.,Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Haizhong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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16
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Lv D, Jia F, Hou Y, Sang Y, Alvarez AA, Zhang W, Gao WQ, Hu B, Cheng SY, Ge J, Li Y, Feng H. Histone Acetyltransferase KAT6A Upregulates PI3K/AKT Signaling through TRIM24 Binding. Cancer Res 2017; 77:6190-6201. [PMID: 29021135 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Lysine acetyltransferase KAT6A is a chromatin regulator that contributes to histone modification and cancer, but the basis of its actions are not well understood. Here, we identify a KAT6A signaling pathway that facilitates glioblastoma (GBM), where it is upregulated. KAT6A expression was associated with GBM patient survival. KAT6A silencing suppressed cell proliferation, cell migration, colony formation, and tumor development in an orthotopic mouse xenograft model system. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that KAT6A acetylates lysine 23 of histone H3 (H3K23), which recruits the nuclear receptor binding protein TRIM24 to activate PIK3CA transcription, thereby enhancing PI3K/AKT signaling and tumorigenesis. Overexpressing activated AKT or PIK3CA rescued the growth inhibition due to KAT6A silencing. Conversely, the pan-PI3K inhibitor LY294002 abrogated the growth-promoting effect of KAT6A. Overexpression of KAT6A or TRIM24, but not KAT6A acetyltransferase activity-deficient mutants or TRIM24 mutants lacking H3K23ac-binding sites, promoted PIK3CA expression, AKT phosphorylation, and cell proliferation. Taken together, our results define an essential role of KAT6A in glioma formation, rationalizing its candidacy as a therapeutic target for GBM treatment. Cancer Res; 77(22); 6190-201. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deguan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanli Hou
- Department of Radiotherapy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Youzhou Sang
- Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Angel A Alvarez
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Gao
- Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jianwei Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yanxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Haizhong Feng
- Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai, China.
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Huang T, Alvarez AA, Pangeni RP, Horbinski CM, Lu S, Kim SH, James CD, J Raizer J, A Kessler J, Brenann CW, Sulman EP, Finocchiaro G, Tan M, Nishikawa R, Lu X, Nakano I, Hu B, Cheng SY. A regulatory circuit of miR-125b/miR-20b and Wnt signalling controls glioblastoma phenotypes through FZD6-modulated pathways. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12885. [PMID: 27698350 PMCID: PMC5059456 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly defined subclassification is associated with phenotypic malignancy of glioblastoma (GBM). However, current understanding of the molecular basis of subclass conversion that is often involved in GBM recurrence remain rudimentary at best. Here we report that canonical Wnt signalling that is active in proneural (PN) but inactive in mesenchymal (MES) GBM, along with miR-125b and miR-20b that are expressed at high levels in PN compared with MES GBM, comprise a regulatory circuit involving TCF4-miR-125b/miR-20b-FZD6. FZD6 acts as a negative regulator of this circuit by activating CaMKII–TAK1–NLK signalling, which, in turn, attenuates Wnt pathway activity while promoting STAT3 and NF-κB signalling that are important regulators of the MES-associated phenotype. These findings are confirmed by targeting differentially enriched pathways in PN versus MES GBM that results in inhibition of distinct GBM subtypes. Correlative expressions of the components of this circuit are prognostic relevant for clinical GBM. Our findings provide insights for understanding GBM pathogenesis and for improving treatment of GBM. Glioblastoma (GBM) is classified as proneural (PN), neural, mesenchymal (MES) and classical GBM. Here the authors show that Wnt signalling, miR-125b and miR-20b establish a regulatory circuitry including FZD6 which distinguishes PN from the MES subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhi Huang
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Angel A Alvarez
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Rajendra P Pangeni
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Craig M Horbinski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Songjian Lu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15206, USA
| | - Sung-Hak Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - C David James
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Jeffery J Raizer
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - John A Kessler
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Cameron W Brenann
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Gaetano Finocchiaro
- Unit of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neuro-Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Ming Tan
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36604, USA
| | - Ryo Nishikawa
- Department of Neuro-Oncology/Neurosurgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, 350-1298, Japan
| | - Xinghua Lu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15206, USA
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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18
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Bell JB, Eckerdt FD, Alley K, Magnusson LP, Hussain H, Bi Y, Arslan AD, Clymer J, Alvarez AA, Goldman S, Cheng SY, Nakano I, Horbinski C, Davuluri RV, James CD, Platanias LC. MNK Inhibition Disrupts Mesenchymal Glioma Stem Cells and Prolongs Survival in a Mouse Model of Glioblastoma. Mol Cancer Res 2016; 14:984-993. [PMID: 27364770 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-16-0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme remains the deadliest malignant brain tumor, with glioma stem cells (GSC) contributing to treatment resistance and tumor recurrence. We have identified MAPK-interacting kinases (MNK) as potential targets for the GSC population in glioblastoma multiforme. Isoform-level subtyping using The Cancer Genome Atlas revealed that both MNK genes (MKNK1 and MKNK2) are upregulated in mesenchymal glioblastoma multiforme as compared with other subtypes. Expression of MKNK1 is associated with increased glioma grade and correlated with the mesenchymal GSC marker, CD44, and coexpression of MKNK1 and CD44 predicts poor survival in glioblastoma multiforme. In established and patient-derived cell lines, pharmacologic MNK inhibition using LY2801653 (merestinib) inhibited phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E, a crucial effector for MNK-induced mRNA translation in cancer cells and a marker of transformation. Importantly, merestinib inhibited growth of GSCs grown as neurospheres as determined by extreme limiting dilution analysis. When the effects of merestinib were assessed in vivo using an intracranial xenograft mouse model, improved overall survival was observed in merestinib-treated mice. Taken together, these data provide strong preclinical evidence that pharmacologic MNK inhibition targets mesenchymal glioblastoma multiforme and its GSC population. IMPLICATIONS These findings raise the possibility of MNK inhibition as a viable therapeutic approach to target the mesenchymal subtype of glioblastoma multiforme. Mol Cancer Res; 14(10); 984-93. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan B Bell
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Frank D Eckerdt
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kristen Alley
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lisa P Magnusson
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hridi Hussain
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yingtao Bi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ahmet Dirim Arslan
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jessica Clymer
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. Division of Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Angel A Alvarez
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Stewart Goldman
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. Division of Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- Department of Neurosurgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Craig Horbinski
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ramana V Davuluri
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - C David James
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Leonidas C Platanias
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. Department of Medicine, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.
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19
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Bell JB, Eckerdt F, Arslan AD, Iqbal A, Alvarez AA, Cheng SY, Nakano I, Platanias LC. Abstract B26: MAPK-interacting kinase inhibition sensitizes glioblastoma and glioma stem cells to arsenic trioxide. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.brain15-b26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the deadliest primary brain tumor with a median survival of around one year. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is an emerging therapy for the treatment of GBM and other malignant brain tumors. The cytotoxic effects of ATO are mainly mediated by the production of reactive oxygen species and induction of cell death pathways. However, glioma stem cells in heterogeneous GBM tumors impart resistance by activation of survival pathways, thereby preventing therapeutic responses to cytotoxic agents such as ATO. We have previously shown that ATO responses in leukemia are antagonized by the MAPK-interacting kinases (MNKs), which activate protein translation and survival pathways including the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) in response to ATO treatment. Yet, the role of MNK signaling in GBM and glioma stem cells and the potential of using MNK inhibitors to sensitize GBM to ATO has not been explored. In this study, we sought to determine the mechanisms by which MNK signaling regulates arsenic trioxide responses in GBM and glioma stem cells.
GBM cell lines were treated with ATO in the presence or absence of MNK inhibitors or siRNA against MNK isoforms. Western blots of treated samples were analyzed with antibodies against phosphorylated eIF4E, the key downstream effector of the MNKs. Following treatment with ATO and MNK inhibitors, proliferation rate and apoptosis were determined by WST-1 assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. GBM cell lines were grown under stem cell conditions and subjected to qPCR and flow cytometry to monitor CD44 expression and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, both markers of stemness. Patient-derived glioma stem cell lines displaying mesenchymal-like phenotype were treated with ATO and MNK inhibitors and analyzed by neurosphere formation assay.
Treatment of GBM cell lines with ATO resulted in MNK activation and induction of eIF4E phosphorylation in a MNK1-depedent manner. Furthermore, MNK inhibition sensitized GBM cells to the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of ATO. Knockdown of MNK1 in GBM cell lines grown under stem cell conditions decreased neurosphere formation. Finally, pharmacological MNK inhibition sensitized mesenchymal-like glioma stem cells to ATO. Our results suggest ATO in combination with MNK inhibition might represent a new approach for the treatment of GBM, in particular the therapy-resistant glioma stem cell subpopulation.
Citation Format: Jonathan B. Bell, Frank Eckerdt, Ahmet Dirim Arslan, Asneha Iqbal, Angel A. Alvarez, Shi-Yuan Cheng, Ichiro Nakano, Leonidas C. Platanias. MAPK-interacting kinase inhibition sensitizes glioblastoma and glioma stem cells to arsenic trioxide. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Advances in Brain Cancer Research; May 27-30, 2015; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(23 Suppl):Abstract nr B26.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan B. Bell
- 1Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL,
| | - Frank Eckerdt
- 1Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL,
| | - Ahmet Dirim Arslan
- 1Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL,
| | - Asneha Iqbal
- 2Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL,
| | - Angel A. Alvarez
- 3Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL,
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- 3Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL,
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- 4The Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Leonidas C. Platanias
- 1Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL,
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Alvarez AA, Field M, Bushnev S, Longo MS, Sugaya K. The effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors on glioblastoma-derived stem cells. J Mol Neurosci 2014; 55:7-20. [PMID: 24874578 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-014-0329-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant brain tumor with limited effective treatment options. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a subpopulation of cancer cells with stem cell properties found in GBMs, have been shown to be extremely resistant to radiation and chemotherapeutic agents and have the ability to readily reform tumors. Therefore, the development of therapeutic agents targeting CSCs is extremely important. In this study, we isolated glioblastoma-derived stem cells (GDSCs) from GBM tissue removed from patients during surgery and analyzed their gene expression using quantitative real-time PCR and immunocytochemistry. We examined the effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors trichostatin A (TSA) and valproic acid (VPA) on the proliferation and gene expression profiles of GDSCs. The GDSCs expressed significantly higher levels of both neural and embryonic stem cell markers compared to GBM cells expanded in conventional monolayer cultures. Treatment of GDSCs with histone deacetylase inhibitors, TSA and VPA, significantly reduced proliferation rates of the cells and expression of the stem cell markers, indicating differentiation of the cells. Since differentiation into GBM makes them susceptible to the conventional cancer treatments, we posit that use of histone deacetylase inhibitors may increase efficacy of the conventional cancer treatments for eliminating GDSCs.
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Bredel M, Scholtens DM, Yadav AK, Alvarez AA, Renfrow JJ, Chandler JP, Yu ILY, Carro MS, Dai F, Tagge MJ, Ferrarese R, Bredel C, Phillips HS, Lukac PJ, Robe PA, Weyerbrock A, Vogel H, Dubner S, Mobley B, He X, Scheck AC, Sikic BI, Aldape KD, Chakravarti A, Harsh GR. NFKBIA deletion in glioblastomas. N Engl J Med 2011; 364:627-37. [PMID: 21175304 PMCID: PMC3652611 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1006312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amplification and activating mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) oncogene are molecular hallmarks of glioblastomas. We hypothesized that deletion of NFKBIA (encoding nuclear factor of κ-light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor-α), an inhibitor of the EGFR-signaling pathway, promotes tumorigenesis in glioblastomas that do not have alterations of EGFR. METHODS We analyzed 790 human glioblastomas for deletions, mutations, or expression of NFKBIA and EGFR. We studied the tumor-suppressor activity of NFKBIA in tumor-cell culture. We compared the molecular results with the outcome of glioblastoma in 570 affected persons. RESULTS NFKBIA is often deleted but not mutated in glioblastomas; most deletions occur in nonclassical subtypes of the disease. Deletion of NFKBIA and amplification of EGFR show a pattern of mutual exclusivity. Restoration of the expression of NFKBIA attenuated the malignant phenotype and increased the vulnerability to chemotherapy of cells cultured from tumors with NFKBIA deletion; it also reduced the viability of cells with EGFR amplification but not of cells with normal gene dosages of both NFKBIA and EGFR. Deletion and low expression of NFKBIA were associated with unfavorable outcomes. Patients who had tumors with NFKBIA deletion had outcomes that were similar to those in patients with tumors harboring EGFR amplification. These outcomes were poor as compared with the outcomes in patients with tumors that had normal gene dosages of NFKBIA and EGFR. A two-gene model that was based on expression of NFKBIA and O(6)-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase was strongly associated with the clinical course of the disease. CONCLUSIONS Deletion of NFKBIA has an effect that is similar to the effect of EGFR amplification in the pathogenesis of glioblastoma and is associated with comparatively short survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Bredel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurocenter, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Field M, Bushnev S, Alvarez AA, Avgeropoulos N, Sugaya K. Markers Distinguishing Cancer Stem Cells from Normal Human Neuronal Stem Cell Populations in Malignant Glioma Patients. Neurosurgery 2009. [DOI: 10.1227/01.neu.0000358749.70529.c5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Havrilesky LJ, Alvarez AA, Whitaker RS, Marks JR, Berchuck A. Loss of expression of the p16 tumor suppressor gene is more frequent in advanced ovarian cancers lacking p53 mutations. Gynecol Oncol 2001; 83:491-500. [PMID: 11733961 DOI: 10.1006/gyno.2001.6464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that p53 mutations are less frequent in ovarian cancers with alterations in other genes that regulate G1 progression. METHODS Expression of G1 stimulatory (cyclins D1 and E, cdk4, Ki67) and inhibitory (p16, Rb, p27, p14) genes was analyzed using Western blots in 84 primary ovarian cancers and seven cell lines of known p53 mutation status. Expression of p16 and Rb also was determined using immunohistochemistry and the p16 gene was examined for homozygous deletions and mutations. RESULTS Loss of p16 protein was more frequent in ovarian cancers with wild-type p53. All four cell lines with wild-type p53 had lost p16 compared to only one of three with mutant p53 genes. p16 expression was absent in 34% (28/82) of primary ovarian cancers, and this was significantly more common in cases with wild-type p53 (14/28, 50%) compared to those with p53 mutations (14/54, 26%, P = 0.03). Homozygous deletion of the p16 gene was found in cell lines lacking p16, but not in any primary cancers. p16 loss was more common in serous (21/52, 40%) than nonserous cancers (4/23, 17%, P = 0.07). Cases that expressed p16 were more likely to express high levels of Rb (47/55, 85%) than p16-negative cases (12/28, 43%, P < 0.001). Loss of Rb occurred in 5/30 (17%) ovarian cancers lacking p53 mutations compared to 5/54 (9%) cases with p53 mutations (P = 0.48). Expression of G1 stimulatory proteins (cyclins D1 and E, cdk4, Ki67) did not correlate with p53 mutation status. CONCLUSIONS Loss of expression of the p16 tumor suppressor occurs more often in ovarian cancers lacking p53 mutations. These data are consistent with the paradigm that inactivation of p53 is less of a requisite event in ovarian carcinogenesis when another G1 regulatory gene such as p16 already has been inactivated.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Havrilesky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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Abstract
Rational justification of claims with empirical content calls for empirical and not only normative philosophical investigation. Empirical approaches to bioethics are epistemically valuable, i.e., such methods may be necessary in providing and verifying basic knowledge about cultural values and norms. Our assumptions in moral reasoning can be verified or corrected using these methods. Moral arguments can be initiated or adjudicated by data drawn from empirical investigation. One may argue that individualistic informed consent, for example, is not compatible with the Asian communitarian orientation. But this normative claim uses an empirical assumption that may be contrary to the fact that some Asians do value and argue for informed consent. Is it necessary and factual to neatly characterize some cultures as individualistic and some as communitarian? Empirical investigation can provide a reasonable way to inform such generalizations. In a multi-cultural context, such as in the Philippines, there is a need to investigate the nature of the local ethos before making any appeal to authenticity. Otherwise we may succumb to the same ethical imperialism we are trying hard to resist. Normative claims that involve empirical premises cannot be reasonable verified or evaluated without utilizing empirical methods along with philosophical reflection. The integration of empirical methods to the standard normative approach to moral reasoning should be reasonably guided by the epistemic demands of claims arising from cross-cultural discourse in bioethics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Alvarez
- Department of Philosophy FC 3031/3022, College of Social Sciences and Philosophy, University of Philippines, Diliman, 1101 Quezon City, Philippines. ;
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Stout JE, Woods CW, Alvarez AA, Berchuck A, Dukes Hamilton C. Mycobacterium bovis peritonitis mimicking ovarian cancer in a young woman. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 33:E14-6. [PMID: 11462205 DOI: 10.1086/321908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2000] [Revised: 12/07/2000] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a 27-year-old woman with peritonitis due to Mycobacterium bovis that initially appeared to be ovarian cancer. Clinicians should include this disease in the differential diagnosis of ovarian cancer and should consider laparoscopic diagnosis in the appropriate epidemiologic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Stout
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Alvarez AA, Axelrod JR, Whitaker RS, Isner PD, Bentley RC, Dodge RK, Rodriguez GC. Thrombospondin-1 expression in epithelial ovarian carcinoma: association with p53 status, tumor angiogenesis, and survival in platinum-treated patients. Gynecol Oncol 2001; 82:273-8. [PMID: 11531279 DOI: 10.1006/gyno.2001.6287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The regulation of the metastatic process in epithelial ovarian cancer has not been well defined. Similar to other tumor types, the angiogenic phenotype in ovarian cancer strongly influences clinical outcome, suggesting that the acquisition of a pro-angiogenic environment is essential to the process of ovarian cancer proliferation and metastasis. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is a potent peptide shown in other tumor systems to be associated with angiogenesis and possibly regulated by p53, a gene which is mutated in as high as 50% of advanced ovarian cancers. The purpose of this study was to investigate TSP-1 expression in invasive epithelial ovarian cancer and to examine the relationship between TSP-1 expression and the degree of angiogenesis. In addition, we examined whether TSP-1 expression was associated with overexpression of p53. METHODS Frozen sections obtained from 85 patients with invasive epithelial ovarian cancer were examined immunohistochemically for expression of TSP-1 and p53. The sections were examined microscopically by two investigators, who were blinded to the clinicopathologic variables. Outcome variables included the correlation among TSP-1, angiogenesis, and p53, as well as the association between TSP-1 expression and survival. RESULTS The majority (62%) of cases demonstrated high levels (3+) of TSP-1 expression; 7% demonstrated no TSP-1 expression. p53 was overexpressed in 55% of cases, and expression was inversely correlated with TSP-1 staining. Thirteen cancers had 0 or 1+ TSP-1 staining; 12 (92%) of these overexpressed the p53 protein. In contrast, only 49% of tumors with high expression of TSP-1 have overexpression of p53 (P = 0.02). TSP-1 was suggestive for improved survival in patients with advanced disease; high TSP-1 expression was associated with a median survival of 2.4 years compared to 1.5 years for patients with tumors having a lower degree of TSP-1 expression (P = 0.06). CONCLUSION These data suggest that TSP-1 may possess a tumor inhibitory function in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma. The reduction of TSP-1 expression associated with overexpression of p53 may be coupled with the development of a pro-angiogenic environment and malignant phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Alvarez
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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Alvarez AA, Lambers AR, Lancaster JM, Maxwell GL, Ali S, Gumbs C, Berchuck A, Futreal PA. Allele loss on chromosome 1p36 in epithelial ovarian cancers. Gynecol Oncol 2001; 82:94-8. [PMID: 11426968 DOI: 10.1006/gyno.2001.6175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prior studies have shown that allelic loss on chromosome 1p36 occurs frequently in ovarian as well as several other types of cancer. This suggests that inactivation of gene(s) in this region may play a role in the pathogenesis of these cancers. The aim of this study was to further delineate the region of loss on chromosome 1p36 in ovarian cancers and to identify associated patient or tumor characteristics. METHODS Paired normal/cancer DNA samples from 75 ovarian cancers (21 early stage I/II and 54 advanced stage III/IV) were analyzed using microsatellite markers. RESULTS Forty-nine of 75 (65%) ovarian cancers had loss of at least one marker. The marker demonstrating the most frequent loss was D1S1597, which was lost in 29/57 (51%) informative cases. Allele loss on 1p36 was significantly more common in poorly differentiated ovarian cancers (73%) relative to well or moderately differentiated cases (48%) (P = 0.03). Evidence was obtained for two common regions of deletion: one flanked by D1S1646/D1S244 and another more proximally by D1S244/D1S228. CONCLUSION These findings further delineate regions on chromosome 1p36 proposed to contain tumor suppressor gene(s) that may play a role in the development and/or progression of epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Allele loss on 1p36 is associated with poor histologic grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Alvarez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27710, USA
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Maxwell GL, Risinger JI, Alvarez AA, Barrett JC, Berchuck A. Favorable survival associated with microsatellite instability in endometrioid endometrial cancers. Obstet Gynecol 2001; 97:417-22. [PMID: 11239648 DOI: 10.1016/s0029-7844(00)01165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether microsatellite instability in endometrioid endometrial cancer is associated with favorable survival. METHODS Microsatellite instability analysis was performed in 131 patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer using three polymorphic markers in paired cancer and normal DNA. Logistic regression and multivariable analyses calculated the relation between microsatellite instability, clinical features, and survival. RESULTS Microsatellite instability was detected in 29 of 131 (22%) endometrioid endometrial cancers. There was no correlation between microsatellite instability and age, race, grade, stage, or depth of myometrial invasion. Microsatellite instability was associated with better survival in univariate and multivariable analyses after controlling for confounding influences (P =.03). The 5-year survival rate of those with microsatellite instability was 77% (95% confidence interval 55%, 90%) compared with only 48% (95% confidence interval 39%, 57%) in other cases. Microsatellite instability was associated with other molecular features that predict favorable outcome including PTEN mutation (P =.002) and the absence of p53 overexpression (P =.01). CONCLUSION Microsatellite instability is a molecular alteration associated with favorable outcome in endometrioid endometrial cancers, even when accounting for other prognostic factors. This association might be explained by the finding that the pathway of molecular carcinogenesis characterized by loss of DNA mismatch repair favors alteration of genes that result in a less virulent clinical phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Maxwell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous gastrointestinal (GI) fistulas are a challenging complication in the oncologic patient population. The fistulous effluent is difficult to manage and adversely alters quality of life. Nonsurgical management of enteric fistulas is successful in 30% of cases, requiring at least 4 to 6 weeks. Recently a new technology has been developed to expedite wound healing. The Vacuum-Assisted Closure (VAC) method is a subatmospheric pressure technique that has been demonstrated in laboratory and clinical studies to significantly improve wound healing. Here we report its use in the successful medical management of a cutaneous GI fistula. CASE A 63-year-old woman with advanced ovarian cancer developed an extensive complex cutaneous GI fistula in an open healing wound. She was treated with total parental nutrition and the VAC device, which resulted in complete closure of the fistula. CONCLUSION We propose that the VAC device may be a useful adjunct for the medical management of cutaneous GI fistulas.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Alvarez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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Alvarez AA, Moore WF, Robboy SJ, Bentley RC, Gumbs C, Futreal PA, Berchuck A. K-ras mutations in Müllerian inclusion cysts associated with serous borderline tumors of the ovary. Gynecol Oncol 2001; 80:201-6. [PMID: 11161860 DOI: 10.1006/gyno.2000.6066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Müllerian inclusion cysts (MIC) are small benign appearing glands that are occasionally noted in lymph nodes and peritoneal biopsies. They occur most frequently in women with serous ovarian tumors, with borderline tumors (SBOT) having a higher incidence than invasive cancers. The aim of this study was to examine whether MIC and SBOT have identical K-ras mutations, which would suggest that they are related. Methods. Six patients in whom adequate tissue was available from SBOT, MIC, and normal tissue were identified from a consecutive series of patients with SBOT who underwent lymph node sampling from 1992 to 1997 at Duke University Medical Center. DNA extraction was performed using laser capture microdissection. Exon 1 of the K-ras gene was amplified using PCR and subjected to single-strand conformation analysis to screen for mutations. Shifted bands were sequenced to confirm the presence of mutations. RESULTS Mutations in codon 12 of K-ras were found in three of six (50%) SBOT. In two of these three cases, the identical mutation was found in the SBOT and the MIC (gly to val in both cases), but not in the corresponding normal DNA. In one case, a mutation was seen in the ovarian tumor (gly to asp), but not in the corresponding MIC. CONCLUSIONS Mutations in codon 12 of the K-ras gene are a hallmark of serous borderline tumors. The presence of identical K-ras mutations in some SBOT and their associated MIC suggests that they are related processes. Both may arise due to a field effect, or alternatively some MIC may represent metastases from the primary ovarian tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Alvarez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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Maxwell GL, Risinger JI, Hayes KA, Alvarez AA, Dodge RK, Barrett JC, Berchuck A. Racial disparity in the frequency of PTEN mutations, but not microsatellite instability, in advanced endometrial cancers. Clin Cancer Res 2000; 6:2999-3005. [PMID: 10955777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Survival of African Americans with endometrial cancer is significantly worse than that of whites. Mutation of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene and microsatellite instability occur in some endometrial cancers, and they are associated with favorable prognostic features. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a racial disparity in the frequency of these molecular alterations that contributes to differences in outcome in advanced endometrial cancer. We screened 140 stage III/IV endometrial adenocarcinomas (78 Caucasian, 62 African American) for mutations in the PTEN gene. Paired DNA samples were available in 100 cases and were analyzed for microsatellite instability using three polymorphic markers. African-American women had cancers with significantly higher stage and grade that were more often nonendometrioid. In addition, median survival of African Americans (1.0 years) was worse than that of whites (2.5 years; P = 0.02). PTEN mutation was seen in 20 of 140 (14%) cancers and was associated with endometrioid histology and more favorable survival. The frequency of PTEN mutations was significantly higher in whites (17 of 78; 22%) than in African Americans (3 of 62; 5%; P = 0.006). Microsatellite instability was found in 15% of cancers, exclusively in endometrioid cases, and was associated with favorable survival (P = 0.01). There was no racial difference in the frequency of microsatellite instability. We conclude that mutation of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene is associated with favorable survival in advanced endometrial cancer and is 4-fold more frequent in Caucasians relative to African Americans. This suggests that differences in the frequency of PTEN mutations contribute to the racial disparity in endometrial cancer survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Maxwell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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Alvarez AA, Krigman HR, Whitaker RS, Dodge RK, Rodriguez GC. The prognostic significance of angiogenesis in epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 1999; 5:587-91. [PMID: 10100710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The molecular biology underlying the metastatic process in ovarian carcinoma remains poorly understood. For other neoplasms, the induction of angiogenesis by malignant cells has been shown to play a pivotal role in the process of tumor proliferation and metastasis. The purpose of this study was to characterize the degree of angiogenesis in epithelial ovarian malignancies and to determine whether the degree of neovascularization has prognostic significance for survival. Tissue sections obtained from 88 ovarian cancer patients were examined immunohistochemically for angiogenesis after staining with anti-human endothelial cell antibodies to von Willebrand factor and CD31. Light microscopy was performed, and individual microvessel counts were quantified at high power (x400). A chart review was completed, collating data regarding age, stage, grade, status of disease, and survival. Statistical exploratory methods were used to find potentially useful prognostic cutpoints for marker values of angiogenesis. Of the total 88 patients, tissue microvessel counts from 85 were evaluated via antibodies to von Willebrand factor and 87 for CD31. Overall, median survival was 2.7 years in women with cancers containing high microvessel counts versus 7.9 years in those with low microvessel counts (P = 0.03). A low microvessel count was associated with better 5-year survival in both early stage (I and II) and advanced stage (III and IV) disease. Our data suggest that the degree of neovascularization may have prognostic significance in epithelial ovarian carcinoma, especially for women with early-stage disease. In this group of women, the degree of angiogenesis may allow the selection of women at high risk for recurrence who may benefit from aggressive adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Alvarez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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Benazzo F, Alvarez AA, Nalli D, Pio A, Laredo Filho J. Pathogenesis of uncus deformation and vertebral artery compression: histologic investigations of the uncus and dynamic angiography of the vertebral artery in the cadaveric cervical spine. J Spinal Disord 1994; 7:111-9. [PMID: 8003827 DOI: 10.1097/00002517-199407020-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-one cervical spines were collected from fresh cadavers (12 male, nine female), their ages ranging from 10 to 90 years (mean 49.47). After removing muscle debris from the spines, they were mounted and tested on a device to passively reproduce the main movements of the spine. The degree of motion in flexion-extension and lateral bending significantly decreased from group A (ages 10-49 years) to group B (51-90 years) (p < 0.005) and was directly correlated with the amount of cervical spine degenerative alterations. The incidence of these alterations, classified according to Lysell (1969), was highest at C5-6. On the testing machine, dynamic angiography of the vertebral artery showed an impingement with extrinsic compression of the vessels in four of 28 successful injections. The histologic serial sections of the uncus showed a characteristic pattern of ossification-deformation: a newly formed cartilaginous tissue tipping the apex of the uncus, forming a double protruding contour of the apex, rapidly ossifying, and appearing to deform outward together with the disk degeneration and consequently decreasing in height.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Benazzo
- Istituto di Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica, Università di Pavia, Policlinico S. Matteo, IRCCS, Italy
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Mendez FJ, Alvarez AA, Mendoza MC, Hardisson C. Antibacterial activity of fosmidomycin on chromosomic and plasmid-determined fosfomycin-resistant strains. Chemioterapia 1985; 4:170-5. [PMID: 4006006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The antibacterial activity of fosmidomycin (Fm) on chromosomic and plasmid-determined fosfomycin-resistant (For) strains of Gram-negative bacteria was studied. Presence of For-plasmids did not protect host bacteria from the antibiotic effect of Fm. In clinical isolates Fm was more active than Fo in 67% of the strains whereas Fo was more active for only 2%; 76% of the strains showed cross resistance to both antibiotics. The Fmr character was not transferred by conjugation. For mutants selected in the hospital environment as well as in the laboratory did not always show cross resistance with Fm, and the alterations in the transport systems of both antibiotics were not the only mechanism of cross resistance.
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