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Zaveri A, Paul P, Roy R, Chouhan P. Facilitators and Barriers to the Utilisation of Maternal Healthcare Services in Empowered Action Group States, India. Journal of Health Management 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/09720634221088359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The use of adequate reproductive healthcare services is critical to mothers and newborn babies. This study aimed to examine the facilitators and barriers to maternal healthcare utilisation in the Empowered Action Group (EAG) states. Data were drawn from the fourth round of the National Family Health Survey, 2015–16 ( n = 103,984). In this study, full antenatal care (ANC), delivery assistance by the skilled birth attendant (SBA) and postnatal care (PNC) within 2 days of delivery were taken as indicators of maternity care. Overall, approximately 13% of women received full ANC, 69.4% were delivered by SBA and 57.7% had PNC within 2 days of delivery. The findings of this study reveal that urban residence, higher education, wealthier economic status, exposure to mass media and contraceptive use are the facilitators of maternal healthcare utilisation. On the contrary, low levels of education, poverty, marriage during childhood, having a large number of children, belonging to socioeconomically backward castes, having difficulties related to healthcare-seeking and unwanted pregnancies are some of the major barriers to the use of maternity care. This study suggests that policymakers and public health practitioners should design proper healthcare policies and programs to provide quality reproductive healthcare services, particularly among socio-economically vulnerable women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Zaveri
- Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, India
| | - Pintu Paul
- Centre for the Study of Regional Development, School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ranjan Roy
- Department of Geography and Applied Geography, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Pradip Chouhan
- Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, India
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Zaveri A, Paul P, Saha J, Barman B, Chouhan P. Correction: Maternal determinants of low birth weight among Indian children: Evidence from the National Family Health Survey-4, 2015-16. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250140. [PMID: 33831078 PMCID: PMC8031185 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Zaveri A, Paul P, Saha J, Barman B, Chouhan P. Maternal determinants of low birth weight among Indian children: Evidence from the National Family Health Survey-4, 2015-16. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244562. [PMID: 33382769 PMCID: PMC7774977 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Low birth weight (LBW) is a serious public health problem in low- and middle-income countries and a leading cause of death in the first month of life. In India, about 18% of children are born with LBW (<2500 grams) in 2015-16. In this study, we aim to examine the influence of maternal factors and socio-demographic covariates on LBW in Indian children. METHODS Data were drawn from the fourth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4), conducted in 2015-16. A cross-sectional study was designed using a stratified two-stage sampling technique. Cross-tabulation, Pearson's chi-squared test, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to assess the impact of maternal factors and other covariates on children's LBW. RESULTS Of total participants (n = 147,762), 17.5% of children were found to be born with LBW. The study revealed that women who had prior experience of stillbirth (Adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.04-1.38) and any sign of pregnancy complications (AOR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.05-1.11) were more likely to have LBW children, even after adjusting for a range of covariates. Maternal food diversity was found to a protective factor against children's LBW. Women with underweight and anemic condition were associated with an increased likelihood of LBW children. Regarding maternity care, women who attended ≥4 ANC visits (AOR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.80-0.88), took iron tablets/syrup during pregnancy (AOR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90-0.98), and delivered in a public health facility (AOR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.79-0.88) were less likely to have LBW babies. Besides, various socio-demographic factors such as place of residence, caste, religion, education, wealth quintile, and geographical region were significantly associated with LBW of children. CONCLUSION Interventions are needed for adequate ANC utilization, improvement in public facility-based delivery, providing iron supplementation, and uptake of balanced energy-protein diet among pregnant mothers. Besides, special attention should be given to the socio-economically disadvantaged women to address adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes including LBW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Zaveri
- Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, India
- * E-mail:
| | - Pintu Paul
- Centre for the Study of Regional Development, School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Jay Saha
- Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, India
| | - Bikash Barman
- Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, India
| | - Pradip Chouhan
- Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, India
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Crous PW, Braun U, McDonald BA, Lennox CL, Edwards J, Mann RC, Zaveri A, Linde CC, Dyer PS, Groenewald JZ. Redefining genera of cereal pathogens: Oculimacula, Rhynchosporium and Spermospora. Fungal Syst Evol 2020; 7:67-98. [PMID: 34124618 PMCID: PMC8165968 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2021.07.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The taxonomy of Oculimacula, Rhynchosporium and Spermospora is re-evaluated, along with that of phylogenetically related genera. Isolates are identified using comparisons of DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer ribosomal RNA locus (ITS), partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), actin (act), DNA-directed RNA polymerase II largest (rpb1) and second largest subunit (rpb2) genes, and the nuclear ribosomal large subunit (LSU), combined with their morphological characteristics. Oculimacula is restricted to two species, O. acuformis and O. yallundae, with O. aestiva placed in Cyphellophora, and O. anguioides accommodated in a new genus, Helgardiomyces. Rhynchosporium s. str. is restricted to species with 1-septate conidia and hooked apical beaks, while Rhynchobrunnera is introduced for species with 1–3-septate, straight conidia, lacking any apical beak. Rhynchosporium graminicola is proposed to replace the name R. commune applied to the barley scald pathogen based on nomenclatural priority. Spermospora is shown to be paraphyletic, representing Spermospora (type: S. subulata), with three new species, S. arrhenatheri, S. loliiphila and S. zeae, and Neospermospora gen. nov. (type: N. avenae). Ypsilina (type: Y. graminea), is shown to be monophyletic, but appears to be of minor importance on cereals. Finally, Vanderaaea gen. nov. (type: V. ammophilae), is introduced as a new coelomycetous fungus occurring on dead leaves of Ammophila arenaria. Citation: Crous PW, Braun U, McDonald BA, Lennox CL, Edwards J, Mann RC, Zaveri A, Linde CC, Dyer PS, Groenewald JZ (2020). Redefining genera of cereal pathogens: Oculimacula, Rhynchosporium and Spermospora. Fungal Systematics and Evolution7: 67–98. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2021.07.04
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Laboratory of Phytopathology, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - U Braun
- Martin-Luther-Universität, Institut für Biologie, Bereich Geobotanik und Botanischer Garten, Herbarium, Neuwerk 21, 06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - B A McDonald
- ETH Zürich, Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology (IBZ), Universitätstrasse 2, LFW B16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - C L Lennox
- Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - J Edwards
- Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, AgriBio Centre, 5 Ring Road, LaTrobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083 Australia.,School of Applied Systems Biology, LaTrobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083 Australia
| | - R C Mann
- Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, AgriBio Centre, 5 Ring Road, LaTrobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083 Australia
| | - A Zaveri
- School of Applied Systems Biology, LaTrobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083 Australia
| | - C C Linde
- Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, College of Science, The Australian National University, 46 Sullivans Creek Road, Acton, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - P S Dyer
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Life Sciences Building, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - J Z Groenewald
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Zaveri A, Chouhan P. Are child and youth population at lower risk of COVID-19 fatalities? Evidences from South-East Asian and European countries. Child Youth Serv Rev 2020; 119:105360. [PMID: 32836605 PMCID: PMC7427532 DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has revealed many lacunas of public health preparedness, especially in lower and middle-income countries and fatality differentials between European and South-East Asian countries. The case fatality rate (CFR) in most of the South-East Asian countries is much lower than the European countries. The percentages of child and youth population are more in South-East countries. OBJECTIVE The study aims to show the impacts of age composition on fatality differentials in European and South-East Asian countries by age-structure, especially the percentage share of child and youth population. DATA AND METHODS This study has been done based on data provided by UNDP, WHO and worldometers. The case fatality rate (CFR) has been calculated to find out the mortality differentials of countries, and the higher fatality risk countries have been identified by the composite Z score technique. RESULTS It is revealed that the COVID-19 case fatality rates are substantially high in highly developed countries of the European countries compared to the South-East Asian countries. Our study shows that there is an issue of child and youth population which affects the lower CFR in SE Asian countries. In France, the CFR was 16.72% which was nearly 7 times more than India (2.31%). The COVID-19 fatality risk ratio was highest in Germany (0.77) while the lowest risk ratio was observed in Bangladesh (-0.71). CONCLUSION Despite of having a very high level of human development and preparedness, the current pandemic COVID-19 has revealed that there exist significant differentials among fatality status of European and South-East Asian countries. The CFR is lower in the SE Asian countries where the child and youth population are more than the older population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Zaveri
- Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, India
| | - Pradip Chouhan
- Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, India
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Barman B, Roy A, Zaveri A, Saha J, Chouhan P. Determining factors of institutional delivery in India: A study from National Family Health Survey-4 (2015–16). Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Kapasia N, Paul P, Roy A, Saha J, Zaveri A, Mallick R, Barman B, Das P, Chouhan P. Impact of lockdown on learning status of undergraduate and postgraduate students during COVID-19 pandemic in West Bengal, India. Child Youth Serv Rev 2020; 116:105194. [PMID: 32834270 PMCID: PMC7308748 DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
To assess the impact of lockdown amidst COVID-19 on undergraduate and postgraduate learners of various colleges and universities of West Bengal. An online survey was conducted from 1 May to 8 May 2020 to collect the information. A structural questionnaire link using 'Google form' was sent to students' through WhatsApp and E-mail. A total of 232 students provided complete information regarding the survey. The simple percentage distribution was used to assess the learning status of the study participants. During the lockdown period, around 70% of learners were involved in e-learning. Most of the learners were used android mobile for attending e-learning. Students have been facing various problems related to depression anxiety, poor internet connectivity, and unfavorable study environment at home. Students from remote areas and marginalized sections mainly face enormous challenges for the study during this pandemic. This study suggests targeted interventions to create a positive space for study among students from the vulnerable section of society. Strategies are urgently needed to build a resilient education system in the state that will ensure to develop the skill for employability and the productivity of the young minds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanigopal Kapasia
- Department of Geography, Malda College, Malda 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Pintu Paul
- Centre for the Study of Regional Development, School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Avijit Roy
- Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga (UGB), Malda 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Jay Saha
- Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga (UGB), Malda 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Ankita Zaveri
- Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga (UGB), Malda 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Rahul Mallick
- Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga (UGB), Malda 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Bikash Barman
- Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga (UGB), Malda 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Prabir Das
- Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga (UGB), Malda 732103, West Bengal, India
| | - Pradip Chouhan
- Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga (UGB), Malda 732103, West Bengal, India
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Paul P, Chouhan P, Zaveri A. Impact of child marriage on nutritional status and anaemia of children under 5 years of age: empirical evidence from India. Public Health 2019; 177:95-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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