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Pereira JD, DuBreuil DM, Devlin AC, Held A, Sapir Y, Berezovski E, Hawrot J, Dorfman K, Chander V, Wainger BJ. Human sensorimotor organoids derived from healthy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis stem cells form neuromuscular junctions. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4744. [PMID: 34362895 PMCID: PMC8346474 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24776-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) hold promise for modeling diseases in individual human genetic backgrounds and thus for developing precision medicine. Here, we generate sensorimotor organoids containing physiologically functional neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) and apply the model to different subgroups of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Using a range of molecular, genomic, and physiological techniques, we identify and characterize motor neurons and skeletal muscle, along with sensory neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and vasculature. Organoid cultures derived from multiple human iPSC lines generated from individuals with ALS and isogenic lines edited to harbor familial ALS mutations show impairment at the level of the NMJ, as detected by both contraction and immunocytochemical measurements. The physiological resolution of the human NMJ synapse, combined with the generation of major cellular cohorts exerting autonomous and non-cell autonomous effects in motor and sensory diseases, may prove valuable to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- João D Pereira
- Department of Neurology, Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel M DuBreuil
- Department of Neurology, Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anna-Claire Devlin
- Department of Neurology, Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aaron Held
- Department of Neurology, Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yechiam Sapir
- Department of Neurology, Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eugene Berezovski
- Department of Neurology, Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James Hawrot
- Department of Neurology, Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katherine Dorfman
- Department of Neurology, Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vignesh Chander
- Department of Neurology, Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian J Wainger
- Department of Neurology, Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Short B, Carson S, Devlin AC, Reihill JA, Crilly A, MacKay W, Ramage G, Williams C, Lundy FT, McGarvey LP, Thornbury KD, Martin SL. Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae chronic colonization in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Crit Rev Microbiol 2021; 47:192-205. [PMID: 33455514 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2020.1863330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Haemophilus influenzae is the most common cause of bacterial infection in the lungs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and contributes to episodes of acute exacerbation which are associated with increased hospitalization and mortality. Due to the ability of H. influenzae to adhere to host epithelial cells, initial colonization of the lower airways can progress to a persistent infection and biofilm formation. This is characterized by changes in bacterial behaviour such as reduced cellular metabolism and the production of an obstructive extracellular matrix (ECM). Herein we discuss the multiple mechanisms by which H. influenzae contributes to the pathogenesis of COPD. In particular, mechanisms that facilitate bacterial adherence to host airway epithelial cells, biofilm formation, and microbial persistence through immune system evasion and antibiotic tolerance will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryn Short
- University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Carson
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Anna-Claire Devlin
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - James A Reihill
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Crilly
- University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, United Kingdom
| | - William MacKay
- University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon Ramage
- Glasgow Biofilm Research Group, Oral Sciences, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Williams
- University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, United Kingdom
| | - Fionnuala T Lundy
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Lorcan P McGarvey
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Keith D Thornbury
- Smooth Muscle Research Group, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Ireland
| | - S Lorraine Martin
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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Driessen AK, Devlin AC, Lundy FT, Martin SL, Sergeant GP, Mazzone SB, McGarvey LP. Perspectives on neuroinflammation contributing to chronic cough. Eur Respir J 2020; 56:13993003.00758-2020. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00758-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic cough can be a troublesome clinical problem. Current thinking is that increased activity and/or enhanced sensitivity of the peripheral and central neural pathways mediates chronic cough via processes similar to those associated with the development of chronic pain. While inflammation is widely thought to be involved in the development of chronic cough, the true mechanisms causing altered neural activity and sensitisation remain largely unknown. In this back-to-basics perspective article we explore evidence that inflammation in chronic cough may, at least in part, involve neuroinflammation orchestrated by glial cells of the nervous system. We summarise the extensive evidence for the role of both peripheral and central glial cells in chronic pain, and hypothesise that the commonalities between pain and cough pathogenesis and clinical presentation warrant investigations into the neuroinflammatory mechanisms that contribute to chronic cough. We open the debate that glial cells may represent an underappreciated therapeutic target for controlling troublesome cough in disease.
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Zhao C, Devlin AC, Chouhan AK, Selvaraj BT, Stavrou M, Burr K, Brivio V, He X, Mehta AR, Story D, Shaw CE, Dando O, Hardingham GE, Miles GB, Chandran S. Mutant C9orf72 human iPSC-derived astrocytes cause non-cell autonomous motor neuron pathophysiology. Glia 2019; 68:1046-1064. [PMID: 31841614 PMCID: PMC7078830 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in C9orf72 are the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Accumulating evidence implicates astrocytes as important non‐cell autonomous contributors to ALS pathogenesis, although the potential deleterious effects of astrocytes on the function of motor neurons remains to be determined in a completely humanized model of C9orf72‐mediated ALS. Here, we use a human iPSC‐based model to study the cell autonomous and non‐autonomous consequences of mutant C9orf72 expression by astrocytes. We show that mutant astrocytes both recapitulate key aspects of C9orf72‐related ALS pathology and, upon co‐culture, cause motor neurons to undergo a progressive loss of action potential output due to decreases in the magnitude of voltage‐activated Na+ and K+ currents. Importantly, CRISPR/Cas‐9 mediated excision of the C9orf72 repeat expansion reverses these phenotypes, confirming that the C9orf72 mutation is responsible for both cell‐autonomous astrocyte pathology and non‐cell autonomous motor neuron pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anna-Claire Devlin
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, UK
| | - Amit K Chouhan
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, UK
| | - Bhuvaneish T Selvaraj
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maria Stavrou
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Karen Burr
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Veronica Brivio
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, UK
| | - Xin He
- Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Arpan R Mehta
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David Story
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christopher E Shaw
- MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.,Dementia Research Institute at Kings College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK
| | - Owen Dando
- Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Giles E Hardingham
- Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gareth B Miles
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, UK
| | - Siddharthan Chandran
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Brain Development and Repair, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
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Devlin AC, Burr K, Borooah S, Foster JD, Cleary EM, Geti I, Vallier L, Shaw CE, Chandran S, Miles GB. Human iPSC-derived motoneurons harbouring TARDBP or C9ORF72 ALS mutations are dysfunctional despite maintaining viability. Nat Commun 2015; 6:5999. [PMID: 25580746 PMCID: PMC4338554 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease for which a greater understanding of early disease mechanisms is needed to reveal novel therapeutic targets. We report the use of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motoneurons (MNs) to study the pathophysiology of ALS. We demonstrate that MNs derived from iPSCs obtained from healthy individuals or patients harbouring TARDBP or C9ORF72 ALS-causing mutations are able to develop appropriate physiological properties. However, patient iPSC-derived MNs, independent of genotype, display an initial hyperexcitability followed by progressive loss of action potential output and synaptic activity. This loss of functional output reflects a progressive decrease in voltage-activated Na(+) and K(+) currents, which occurs in the absence of overt changes in cell viability. These data implicate early dysfunction or loss of ion channels as a convergent point that may contribute to the initiation of downstream degenerative pathways that ultimately lead to MN loss in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Claire Devlin
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St. Andrews, Westburn Lane, St. Andrews KY16 9JP, UK
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Karen Burr
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
- Centre for Neuroregeneration and Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Shyamanga Borooah
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
- Centre for Neuroregeneration and Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Joshua D. Foster
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St. Andrews, Westburn Lane, St. Andrews KY16 9JP, UK
| | - Elaine M. Cleary
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
- Centre for Neuroregeneration and Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Imbisaat Geti
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Ludovic Vallier
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Christopher E. Shaw
- MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Siddharthan Chandran
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
- Centre for Neuroregeneration and Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Gareth B. Miles
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St. Andrews, Westburn Lane, St. Andrews KY16 9JP, UK
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
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