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Sinha RK, Kumar P, Daniel A, Shah H, Sriswan R, Kokane A, Mohapatra A, Kashyap V, Goel AK, Kumar V, Kiran A, Arlappa N, Joshi A, Nayak RR, Sayal S, de Wagt A. Association between anthropometric criteria and body composition among children aged 6-59 months with severe acute malnutrition: a cross-sectional assessment from India. BMC Nutr 2022; 8:56. [PMID: 35739560 PMCID: PMC9219132 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00551-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A multicentric study is being conducted in which children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) aged 6–59 months are identified with only weight-for-height z-score (WHZ) < − 3 criteria. The present study aimed to assess associations of anthropometric parameters and body composition parameters, to improve treatment of SAM. We conducted a cross-section assessment using the enrolment data of children who participated in a multi-centric longitudinal controlled study from five Indian states. Fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) were determined by bio-electrical impedance analysis (BIA). Six hundred fifty-nine children were enrolled in the study using WHZ < -3 criteria. Available data shows that WHZ, WAZ and BMIZ were significantly associated with FFMI while MUACZ was significantly associated with both FMI and FFMI. Children with both severe wasting and severe stunting had significantly lower FFMI compared to those who were only severely wasted. All forms of anthropometric deficits appear to adversely impact FFM and FM. Trial registration The study is registered with Clinical Trial Registration of India (Registration No.: CTRI/2020/09/028013 dated 24/09/2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar Sinha
- National Centre of Excellence for Management of Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition (NCoE-SAM), Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, C-604 Connaught Circus, DIZ Area, Connaught Place, New Delhi, 110001, India.
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Lady Hardinge Medical College and associated Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, C-604 Connaught Circus, DIZ Area, Connaught Place, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Abner Daniel
- UNICEF India Country Office, 73, Lodi Estate, New Delhi, 110003, India
| | - Hemang Shah
- Children's Investment Fund Foundation, The Crescent, Level 3, Lado Sarai, New Delhi, 110030, India
| | - Raja Sriswan
- ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Beside Tarnaka Metro Station, Osmania University, Hyderabad, PO, Telangana-500007, India
| | - Arun Kokane
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal Saket Nagar, AIIMS Campus, Saket Nagar, BaghSwaniya, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh-462020, India
| | - Aditya Mohapatra
- Addl Director, Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Odisha Annex Building, SIHFW, Bira Maharana Ln, Nilakantha Nagar, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar, Odisha-751012, India
| | - Vivek Kashyap
- Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand-834001, India
| | - Anil Kumar Goel
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur Gate No, 1, Great Eastern Rd, opposite Gurudwara, AIIMS Campus, Tatibandh, Raipur, Chhattisgarh-492099, India
| | - Virendra Kumar
- Lady Hardinge Medical College and associated Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, C-604 Connaught Circus, DIZ Area, Connaught Place, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Asha Kiran
- Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand-834001, India
| | - N Arlappa
- ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Beside Tarnaka Metro Station, Osmania University, Hyderabad, PO, Telangana-500007, India
| | - Ankur Joshi
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal Saket Nagar, AIIMS Campus, Saket Nagar, BaghSwaniya, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh-462020, India
| | - Rashmi Ranjan Nayak
- Joint Secretary, Department of Women and Child Development and Mission Shakti, Government of Odisha, Mission Shakti Bhawan, At-Gandamunda, PO-Baramunda, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, Pin-751030, India
| | - Shikha Sayal
- National Centre of Excellence for Management of Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition (NCoE-SAM), Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, C-604 Connaught Circus, DIZ Area, Connaught Place, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Arjan de Wagt
- UNICEF India Country Office, 73, Lodi Estate, New Delhi, 110003, India
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Chaturvedi A, Amuthan A, Kiran A. T098 Long term effect of different edible oils on serum lipid profile and atherogenic indices in Albino Wistar rats. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Chaturvedi A, Amuthan A, Kiran A. T092 Long term effect of different edible oils on serum lipid profile and atherogenic indices in Albino Wistar rats. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kujur M, Kiran A, Sagar V, Singh S, Kashyap V, Trivedi K, Kumari A, Akhouri M, Jha S, Lakra S, Badanayak S, Roy S, Jagtap S, Kushwah P. Knowledge and practices of nursing staffs related to Maternal Nutrition and Infant and Young Child Nutrition (MIYCN) services at Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Jharkhand, India: A cross-sectional study. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:7607-7615. [PMID: 36994072 PMCID: PMC10041012 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2301_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The first 1000 days of life is a unique window of opportunity when the foundation of overall optimum health and neurodevelopmental growth across the lifespan is established. Objective To explore the level of knowledge and practice of service providers in delivering maternal, infant, and young child nutrition (MIYCN) services at the point of care. Methodology This was a cross-sectional study done in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics of RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand from May to September 2019. Result The practices and counseling skills of nursing staff pertaining to maternal nutrition interventions like IFA and calcium supplements was good. Though counseling on maternal minimum dietary diversity, frequency, and quantity of meals was done during the antenatal care period, its knowledge and expected total weight gain during pregnancy were suboptimal. The practice of early initiation of breastfeeding was significantly higher in those who delivered normally (79%) than those by cesarean section (7%). The nursing staff's knowledge and technical skills on early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding were good, but inadequate for cesarean section. Forty-one percentage of recently delivered women were counseled on colostrum feeding, 17% about positioning and attachment, and 38% on exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) during the first 6 months. In the pediatrics OPD and immunization clinic, 93% of mothers with an infant below 6 months of age, received counseling on EBF, 47% on feeding during illness, and 13% on breastfeeding difficulties and their solutions. Sixty percentage of mothers of children >6 months old received counseling on timely introduction of complementary feeding and 40% on minimum dietary diversity. Forty percentage of mothers were counseled on feeding techniques during and after illness. Conclusion The nursing staffs were providing the services related to MIYCN during antenatal, intranatal, and postnatal services, sick child visits, and immunization visits but their technical knowledge and skills on the specific components were not in accordance with the standard guidelines.
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Kumar P, Sinha RK, Daniel A, Shah H, Sriswan R, Kokane A, Mohapatra A, Kashyap V, Goel AK, Kumar V, Kiran A, Arlappa N, Joshi A, Nayak RR, Singh M, Salasibew M, Ghosh S, Pawar SM, Mishra P, Tiwari K, Bhattacharjee S, Saiyed F, Patel TS, Nayak PK, Sahoo SK, Prajapati M, Sinha S, de Wagt A. Effectiveness of community-based treatment programs for treatment of uncomplicated severe acute malnourished children aged 6-59 months using locally produced nutrient dense foods: protocol for a multicentric longitudinal quasi-experimental study. BMC Nutr 2021; 7:85. [PMID: 34906257 PMCID: PMC8672603 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-021-00489-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a major underlying cause of mortality among children. Around one third of the world’s acutely malnourished children live in India. The WHO recommends community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) for managing children with SAM. In India, different states are implementing community-based SAM treatment programme, hereinafter called CSAM, using varieties of locally produced nutrient dense food items with different nutrient compositions. The study will assess the effectiveness of these state specific CSAM interventions. Methods The longitudinal quasi-experimental study will be undertaken in two purposively selected blocks of one district each in the four intervention states and one comparison state. From each state, 200 SAM children identified using weight-for-length/height z-score (WHZ) < − 3 criteria will be enrolled in the study. Their anthropometric data and skinfold thickness will be taken on admission, at sixth week and at discharge by trained field investigators. Other child details, incidence of morbidity and socio-economic details will be collected on admission. To assess food consumption pattern including consumption of locally produced nutrient dense food supplements, dietary assessment, using 24-h dietary recall will be conducted on admission, at sixth week and at discharge. In addition, body composition parameters will be assessed for a sub-set of children using bio-electrical impedance analysis on admission and at discharge to analyse changes in total body water, fat-free mass, and fat mass. Post discharge, all study participants will be followed up monthly until 6 months. Atleast 10% of the sample will be checked for quality assessment. The study’s primary outcome is cure rate defined as children attaining WHZ ≥ -2. Secondary outcomes include mean weight gain, mean length of stay, body composition parameters, relapse and mortality rates. Additionally, process evaluation and cost effectiveness analysis will be conducted. Discussion There is a shortage of robust evidence regarding the effectiveness of locally produced nutrient dense food supplements provided as part of the CSAM intervention in India. This study will contribute to evidence on effective strategies to manage children with uncomplicated SAM in India. The study protocol has all necessary ethical approvals. Written informed consent will be obtained from caregivers of the children. Trial registration The study is registered with Clinical Trial Registration of India (Registration No.: CTRI/2020/09/028013) Date of registration 24/09/2020. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40795-021-00489-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Kumar
- Lady Hardinge Medical College and associated Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, C-604 Connaught Circus, DIZ Area, Connaught Place, New Delhi, 110001, India.
| | - Rajesh Kumar Sinha
- National Centre of Excellence for Management of Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition (NCoE-SAM), Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, C-604 Connaught Circus, DIZ Area, Connaught Place, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Abner Daniel
- UNICEF India Country Office, 73, Lodi Estate, New Delhi, 110003, India
| | - Hemang Shah
- Children's Investment Fund Foundation, The Crescent, Level 3, Lado Sarai, New Delhi, 110030, India
| | - Raja Sriswan
- ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Beside Tarnaka Metro Station, Osmania University, PO, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Arun Kokane
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Saket Nagar, AIIMS Campus, Saket Nagar, BaghSwaniya, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462020, India
| | - Aditya Mohapatra
- Annex Building, SIHFW, BiraMaharana Ln, Nilakantha Nagar, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751012, India
| | - Vivek Kashyap
- Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834001, India
| | - Anil Kumar Goel
- AIIMS Campus, Gate No, 1, Great Eastern Rd, opposite Gurudwara, Tatibandh, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492099, India
| | - Virendra Kumar
- Lady Hardinge Medical College and associated Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, C-604 Connaught Circus, DIZ Area, Connaught Place, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Asha Kiran
- Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834001, India
| | - N Arlappa
- ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Beside Tarnaka Metro Station, Osmania University, PO, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Ankur Joshi
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Saket Nagar, AIIMS Campus, Saket Nagar, BaghSwaniya, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462020, India
| | - Rashmi Ranjan Nayak
- Department of Women and Child Development and Mission Shakti, Government of Odisha, Mission Shakti Bhawan, At-Gandamunda, PO-Baramunda, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, Pin-751030, India
| | - Manjula Singh
- Children's Investment Fund Foundation, The Crescent, Level 3, Lado Sarai, New Delhi, 110030, India
| | - Mihretab Salasibew
- Children's Investment Fund Foundation, The Crescent, Level 3, Lado Sarai, New Delhi, 110030, India
| | - Samik Ghosh
- Children's Investment Fund Foundation, The Crescent, Level 3, Lado Sarai, New Delhi, 110030, India
| | - Sameer Manikrao Pawar
- UNICEF, Plot No.41-42, Polytechnic Colony, Shyamla Hills, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462013, India
| | - Preetu Mishra
- UNICEF, VISHWA Complex, Ground Floor, Near IICM, Kanke Road, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India
| | - Khyati Tiwari
- UNICEF, Flat No. 1104, Block B, Indis One City, KPHB, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500072, India
| | | | | | - Tarun Shrikrishna Patel
- UNICEF, Plot No.41-42, Polytechnic Colony, Shyamla Hills, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462013, India
| | - Pritish Kumar Nayak
- UNICEF, VISHWA Complex, Ground Floor, Near IICM, Kanke Road, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India
| | | | | | - Shikha Sinha
- National Centre of Excellence for Management of Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition (NCoE-SAM), Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, C-604 Connaught Circus, DIZ Area, Connaught Place, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Arjan de Wagt
- UNICEF India Country Office, 73, Lodi Estate, New Delhi, 110003, India
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Bomle DV, Kiran A, Kumar JK, Nagaraj LS, Pradeep CK, Ansari MA, Alghamdi S, Kabrah A, Assaggaf H, Dablool AS, Murali M, Amruthesh KN, Udayashankar AC, Niranjana SR. Plants Saline Environment in Perception with Rhizosphere Bacteria Containing 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Deaminase. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111461. [PMID: 34768893 PMCID: PMC8584133 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity stress has become a serious roadblock for food production worldwide since it is one of the key factors affecting agricultural productivity. Salinity and drought are predicted to cause considerable loss of crops. To deal with this difficult situation, a variety of strategies have been developed, including plant breeding, plant genetic engineering, and a wide range of agricultural practices, including the use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and seed biopriming techniques, to improve the plants' defenses against salinity stress, resulting in higher crop yields to meet future human food demand. In the present review, we updated and discussed the negative effects of salinity stress on plant morphological parameters and physio-biochemical attributes via various mechanisms and the beneficial roles of PGPR with 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate(ACC) deaminase activity as green bio-inoculants in reducing the impact of saline conditions. Furthermore, the applications of ACC deaminase-producing PGPR as a beneficial tool in seed biopriming techniques are updated and explored. This strategy shows promise in boosting quick seed germination, seedling vigor and plant growth uniformity. In addition, the contentious findings of the variation of antioxidants and osmolytes in ACC deaminase-producing PGPR treated plants are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanashree Vijayrao Bomle
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (D.V.B.); (A.K.); (J.K.K.); (L.S.N.); (C.K.P.)
| | - Asha Kiran
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (D.V.B.); (A.K.); (J.K.K.); (L.S.N.); (C.K.P.)
| | - Jeevitha Kodihalli Kumar
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (D.V.B.); (A.K.); (J.K.K.); (L.S.N.); (C.K.P.)
| | - Lavanya Senapathyhalli Nagaraj
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (D.V.B.); (A.K.); (J.K.K.); (L.S.N.); (C.K.P.)
| | - Chamanahalli Kyathegowda Pradeep
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (D.V.B.); (A.K.); (J.K.K.); (L.S.N.); (C.K.P.)
| | - Mohammad Azam Ansari
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institutes for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.); (A.C.U.); (S.R.N.)
| | - Saad Alghamdi
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah P.O. Box 715, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.K.); (H.A.)
| | - Ahmed Kabrah
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah P.O. Box 715, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.K.); (H.A.)
| | - Hamza Assaggaf
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah P.O. Box 715, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.K.); (H.A.)
| | - Anas S. Dablool
- Department of Public Health, Health Science College Al-Leith, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21961, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mahadevamurthy Murali
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (M.M.); (K.N.A.)
| | - Kestur Nagaraj Amruthesh
- Applied Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (M.M.); (K.N.A.)
| | - Arakere Chunchegowda Udayashankar
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (D.V.B.); (A.K.); (J.K.K.); (L.S.N.); (C.K.P.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.); (A.C.U.); (S.R.N.)
| | - Siddapura Ramachandrappa Niranjana
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India; (D.V.B.); (A.K.); (J.K.K.); (L.S.N.); (C.K.P.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.); (A.C.U.); (S.R.N.)
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Dev Sharma K, Patil G, Kiran A. Characterization and differential expression of sucrose and starch metabolism genes in contrasting chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes under low temperature. J Genet 2021; 100:71. [PMID: 34608872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature (LT) causes significant yield losses in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). The sucrose starch metabolism is associated with abiotic-stress tolerance or sensitivity in plants. The changes in sugars and starch contents under LT in chickpea have already been studied, however, no information is available on LT-induced alterations in transcription of carbohydrate metabolic pathway genes in chickpea. To understand the differences in the regulation of sucrose and starch metabolism under LT, the expression of sucrose and starch metabolism genes was studied in leaves of cold-sensitive (GPF2) and cold-tolerant (ICC 16349) chickpea genotypes. The mRNA sequences of chickpea genes were retrieved from the public databases followed by confirmation of identity and characterization. All the genes were functional in chickpea. Between the two paralogues of cell wall invertase, cell wall invertase 3×2 (CWINx2) was the truncated version of cell wall invertase 3×1 (CWINx1) with the loss of 241 bases in the mRNA and 67 amino acids at N terminal of the protein. Comparison of expression of the genes between control (22°C day / 16°C night) and LT treated (4°C; 72 h) plants revealed that granule bound starch synthase 2 (GBSS2) and β-amylase 3 (BAM3) were upregulated in ICC 16349 whereas sucrose phosphate synthase 2 (SPS2), CWINx1, CWINx2 and β-amylase 1 (BAM1) were downregulated. In contrast to this, SPS2, CWINx1, CWINx2 and BAM1 were upregulated and GBSS2 downregulated in GPF2 under LT. The gene expression data suggested that UGPase, CWINs, GBSS2 and BAM3 are important components of cold-tolerance machinery of chickpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Dev Sharma
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur 176 062, India
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Kiran A, Kumar S, Nayyar H, Sharma KD. Low temperature-induced aberrations in male and female reproductive organ development cause flower abortion in chickpea. Plant Cell Environ 2019; 42:2075-2089. [PMID: 30767244 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is susceptible to low temperature (LT) at reproductive stage. LT causes flower abortion and delays pod set in chickpea until terminal drought becomes an issue, thereby decreasing yield potential. In chickpea, flower and anther/pollen development as well as LT-induced abnormalities on anther and pollen development are described inadequately. In the present manuscript, we report flower development stages, anther development stages, and aberrations in male gamete formation in chickpea under LT. Flower length was linearly correlated to flower and anther stages and can be used to predict these stages in chickpea. LT affected male gamete development in a flower/anther age-dependent manner where outcome ranged from no pollen formation to pollen sterility or no anther dehiscence to delayed dehiscence. In anthers, LT inhibited microsporogenesis, microgametogenesis, tapetum degeneration, breakage of septum and stomium, and induced pollen sterility. Whereas disruption of male function was the prime cause of abortion in flowers below vacuolated pollen stage, flower abortion was due to a combination of male and female reproductive functions in flowers with mature pollen. The study will help in elucidating mechanisms governing flower development, anther and pollen development, and tolerance/susceptibility to LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Kiran
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, 176 062 (HP), India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bhatinda, Punjab, 151001, India
| | - Harsh Nayyar
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Kamal Dev Sharma
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, 176 062 (HP), India
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See MH, Bhoo-Pathy N, Jamaris S, Kiran A, Evans DG, Yip CH, Taib NA. Low Lifetime Risk of Contralateral Breast Cancer in a Middle-Income Asian Country: Evidence to Guide Post-treatment Surveillance. World J Surg 2017; 42:1270-1277. [PMID: 29124356 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-017-4319-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rate of contralateral risk-reducing mastectomy (CRRM) is increasing in the West with controversial evidence of improved survival in early breast cancer patients. Although uptake of CRRM in Asia appears low, the trends may rise, and there is currently an urgent need to provide evidence for informed decision-making in clinical practice. This study aims to determine the risk of contralateral breast cancer (CBC) and its associated factors in an Asian setting. METHOD A total of 2937 newly diagnosed patients with stage I and stage II breast cancer in University Malaya Medical Centre between Jan 1993 to Dec 2012 were included in the study. Multinomial logistic regression analysis allowing death to compete with CBC as a study outcome was used; patients with unilateral breast cancer who were alive were taken as reference. A stepwise backward regression analysis including age at diagnosis, ethnicity, family history of breast cancer, TNM stage, hormonal receptor status, HER2 status, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and hormone therapy was conducted. RESULTS Fifty women developed CBC, over a median follow-up of 6 years. The 5- and 10-year cumulative risk of contralateral breast cancer was 1.0% (95% CI 0.6-1.4%) and 2.8% (95% CI 2.0-3.6%), respectively. Young age at diagnosis of first cancer, positive family history, and stage I disease were independent predictors of CBC. DISCUSSION The current study suggests that the risk of CBC is very low in a Southeast Asian setting. Any recommendations or practice of CRRM should be reviewed with caution and patients must be counseled appropriately.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H See
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N Bhoo-Pathy
- Faculty of Medicine, Julius Centre University of Malaya, University of Malaya, 50603, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Jamaris
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Kiran
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - D G Evans
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, St Mary's Hospital, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - C H Yip
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N A Taib
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Kiran A, Hilton P, Cromwell DA. The risk of ureteric injury associated with hysterectomy: a 10‐year retrospective cohort study. BJOG 2015; 123:1184-91. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.13576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Kiran
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK
- Lindsay Stewart Centre for Audit and Clinical Informatics Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists London UK
| | - P Hilton
- Directorate of Women's Services Royal Victoria Infirmary Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | - DA Cromwell
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK
- Lindsay Stewart Centre for Audit and Clinical Informatics Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists London UK
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Thomas GER, Palmer AJR, Batra RN, Kiran A, Hart D, Spector T, Javaid MK, Judge A, Murray DW, Carr AJ, Arden NK, Glyn-Jones S. Subclinical deformities of the hip are significant predictors of radiographic osteoarthritis and joint replacement in women. A 20 year longitudinal cohort study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2014; 22:1504-10. [PMID: 25047637 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2014.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) and Acetabular Dysplasia are common deformities, which have been implicated as a major cause of hip osteoarthritis (OA). We examined whether these subtle deformities of the hip are associated with the development of radiographic OA and total hip replacement (THR) in women. DESIGN A population-based, longitudinal cohort of 1003 women underwent pelvis radiographs at years 2 and 20. Alpha Angle, Triangular Index Height, Lateral Centre Edge (LCE) angle and Extrusion Index were measured. An alpha angle of greater than 65° was defined as Cam-type FAI. Radiographic OA and the presence of a THR were then determined at 20 years. RESULTS Cam-type FAI was significantly associated with the development of radiographic OA. Each degree increase in alpha angle above 65° was associated with an increase in risk of 5% (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.05 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.09]) for radiographic OA and 4% (OR 1.04 [95% CI 1.00-1.08]) for THR. For Acetabular Dysplasia, each degree reduction in LCE angle below 28° was associated with an increase in risk of 13.0% (OR 0.87 [95% CI 0.78-0.96]) for radiographic OA and 18% (OR 0.82 [95% CI 0.75-0.89]) for THR. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that Cam-type FAI and mild Acetabular Dysplasia are predictive of subsequent OA and THR in a large female population cohort. These are independent of age, BMI and joint space and significantly improve current predictive models of hip OA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E R Thomas
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK.
| | - A J R Palmer
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - R N Batra
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - A Kiran
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - D Hart
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, 3rd & 4th Floor South Wing Block D, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - T Spector
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, 3rd & 4th Floor South Wing Block D, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - M K Javaid
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - A Judge
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - D W Murray
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - A J Carr
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - N K Arden
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK; MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - S Glyn-Jones
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, University of Oxford, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
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Dash A, Manjunath N, Kiran A, Mathur V, Shah S, Jain S. Zonisamide monotherapy in adult patients with partial, generalized & combined seizures: Interim analysis of a open-label, non-comparative, observational study. J Neurol Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Karrar S, Shiwen X, Nikotorowicz-Buniak J, Abraham DJ, Denton C, Stratton R, Bayley R, Kite KA, Clay E, Smith JP, Kitas GD, Buckley C, Young SP, Ye L, Zhang L, Goodall J, Gaston H, Xu H, Lutalo PM, Zhao Y, Meng Choong L, Sangle S, Spencer J, D'Cruz D, Rysnik OJ, McHugh K, Bowness P, Rump-Goodrich L, Mattey D, Kehoe O, Middleton J, Cartwright A, Schmutz C, Askari A, Middleton J, Gardner DH, Jeffery LE, Raza K, Sansom DM, Clay E, Bayley R, Fitzpatrick M, Wallace G, Young S, Shaw J, Hatano H, Cauli A, Giles JL, McHugh K, Mathieu A, Bowness P, Kollnberger S, Webster S, Ellis L, O'Brien LM, Fitzmaurice TJ, Gaston H, Goodall J, Nazeer Moideen A, Evans L, Osgood L, Williams A, Jones S, Thomas C, O'Donnell V, Nowell M, Ouboussad L, Savic S, Dickie LJ, Hintze J, Wong CH, Cook GP, Buch M, Emery P, McDermott MF, Hardcastle SA, Gregson CL, Deere K, Davey Smith G, Dieppe P, Tobias JH, Dennison E, Edwards M, Bennett J, Coggon D, Palmer K, Cooper C, McWilliams D, Young A, Kiely PD, Walsh D, Taylor HJ, Harding I, Hutchinson J, Nelson I, Blom A, Tobias J, Clark E, Parker J, Bukhari M, McWilliams D, Jayakumar K, Young A, Kiely P, Walsh D, Diffin J, Lunt M, Marshall T, Chipping J, Symmons D, Verstappen S, Taylor HJ, Harding I, Hutchinson J, Nelson I, Tobias J, Clark E, Bluett J, Bowes J, Ho P, McHugh N, Buden D, Fitzgerald O, Barton A, Glossop JR, Nixon NB, Emes RD, Dawes PT, Farrell WE, Mattey DL, Scott IC, Steer S, Seegobin S, Hinks AM, Eyre S, Morgan A, Wilson AG, Hocking L, Wordsworth P, Barton A, Worthington J, Cope A, Lewis CM, Guerra S, Ahmed BA, Denton C, Abraham D, Fonseca C, Robinson J, Taylor J, Haroon Rashid L, Flynn E, Eyre S, Worthington J, Barton A, Isaacs J, Bowes J, Wilson AG, Barrett JH, Morgan A, Kingston B, Ahmed M, Kirwan JR, Marshall R, Chapman K, Pearson R, Heycock C, Kelly C, Rynne M, Saravanan V, Hamilton J, Saeed A, Coughlan R, Carey JJ, Farah Z, Matthews W, Bell C, Petford S, Tibbetts LM, Douglas KMJ, Holden W, Ledingham J, Fletcher M, Winfield R, Price Z, Mackay K, Dixon C, Oppong R, Jowett S, Nicholls E, Whitehurst D, Hill S, Hammond A, Hay E, Dziedzic K, Righetti C, Lebmeier M, Manning VL, Hurley M, Scott DL, Choy E, Bearne L, Nikiphorou E, Morris S, James D, Kiely P, Walsh D, Young A, Wong EC, Long J, Fletcher A, Fletcher M, Holmes S, Hockey P, Abbas M, Chattopadhyay C, Flint J, Gayed M, Schreiber K, Arthanari S, Nisar M, Khamashta M, Gordon C, Giles I, Robson J, Kiran A, Maskell J, Arden N, Hutchings A, Emin A, Culliford D, Dasgupta B, Hamilton W, Luqmani R, Jethwa H, Rowczenio D, Trojer H, Russell T, Loeffler J, Hawkins P, Lachmann H, Verma I, Syngle A, Krishan P, Garg N, Flint J, Gayed M, Schreiber K, Arthanari S, Nisar M, Khamashta M, Gordon C, Giles I, McGowan SP, Gerrard DT, Chinoy H, Ollier WE, Cooper RG, Lamb JA, Taborda L, Correia Azevedo P, Isenberg D, Leyland KM, Kiran A, Judge A, Hunter D, Hart D, Javaid MK, Arden N, Cooper C, Edwards MH, Litwic AE, Jameson KA, Deeg D, Cooper C, Dennison E, Edwards MH, Jameson KA, Cushnaghan J, Aihie Sayer A, Deeg D, Cooper C, Dennison E, Jagannath D, Parsons C, Cushnaghan J, Cooper C, Edwards MH, Dennison E, Stoppiello L, Mapp P, Ashraf S, Wilson D, Hill R, Scammell B, Walsh D, Wenham C, Shore P, Hodgson R, Grainger A, Aaron J, Hordon L, Conaghan P, Bar-Ziv Y, Beer Y, Ran Y, Benedict S, Halperin N, Drexler M, Mor A, Segal G, Lahad A, Haim A, Rath U, Morgensteren DM, Salai M, Elbaz A, Vasishta VG, Derrett-Smith E, Hoyles R, Khan K, Abraham DJ, Denton C, Ezeonyeji A, Takhar G, Denton C, Ong V, Loughrey L, Bissell LA, Hensor E, Abignano G, Redmond A, Buch M, Del Galdo F, Hall FC, Malaviya A, Nisar M, Baker S, Furlong A, Mitchell A, Godfrey AL, Ruddlesden M, Hadjinicolaou A, Hughes M, Moore T, O'Leary N, Tracey A, Ennis H, Dinsdale G, Roberts C, Herrick A, Denton CP, Guillevin L, Hunsche E, Rosenberg D, Schwierin B, Scott M, Krieg T, Anderson M, Hall FC, Herrick A, McHugh N, Matucci-Cerinic M, Alade R, Khan K, Xu S, Denton C, Ong V, Nihtyanova S, Ong V, Denton CP, Clark KE, Tam FWK, Unwin R, Khan K, Abraham DJ, Denton C, Stratton RJ, Nihtyanova S, Schreiber B, Ong V, Denton CP, Seng Edwin Lim C, Dasgupta B, Corsiero E, Sutcliffe N, Wardemann H, Pitzalis C, Bombardieri M, Tahir H, Donnelly S, Greenwood M, Smith TO, Easton V, Bacon H, Jerman E, Armon K, Poland F, Macgregor A, van der Heijde D, Sieper J, Elewaut D, Pangan AL, Nguyen D, Badenhorst C, Kirby S, White D, Harrison A, Garcia JA, Stebbings S, MacKay JW, Aboelmagd S, Gaffney K, van der Heijde D, Deodhar A, Braun J, Mack M, Hsu B, Gathany T, Han C, Inman RD, Cooper-Moss N, Packham J, Strauss V, Freeston JE, Coates L, Nam J, Moverley AR, Helliwell P, Hensor E, Wakefield R, Emery P, Conaghan P, Mease P, Fleischmann R, Wollenhaupt J, Deodhar A, Kielar D, Woltering F, Stach C, Hoepken B, Arledge T, van der Heijde D, Gladman D, Fleischmann R, Coteur G, Woltering F, Mease P, Kavanaugh A, Gladman D, van der Heijde D, Purcaru O, Mease P, McInnes I, Kavanaugh A, Gottlieb AB, Puig L, Rahman P, Ritchlin C, Li S, Wang Y, Mendelsohn A, Doyle M, Tillett W, Jadon D, Shaddick G, Cavill C, Robinson G, Sengupta R, Korendowych E, de Vries C, McHugh N, Thomas RC, Shuto T, Busquets-Perez N, Marzo-Ortega H, McGonagle D, Tillett W, Richards G, Cavill C, Sengupta R, Shuto T, Marzo-Ortega H, Thomas RC, Bingham S, Coates L, Emery P, John Hamlin P, Adshead R, Cambridge S, Donnelly S, Tahir H, Suppiah P, Cullinan M, Nolan A, Thompson WM, Stebbings S, Mathieson HR, Mackie SL, Bryer D, Buch M, Emery P, Marzo-Ortega H, Krutikov M, Gray L, Bruce E, Ho P, Marzo-Ortega H, Busquets-Perez N, Thomas RC, Gaffney K, Keat A, Innes W, Pandit R, Kay L, Lapshina S, Myasoutova L, Erdes S, Wallis D, Waldron N, McHugh N, Korendowych E, Thorne I, Harris C, Keat A, Garg N, Syngle A, Vohra K, Khinchi D, Verma I, Kaur L, Jones A, Harrison N, Harris D, Jones T, Rees J, Bennett A, Fazal S, Tugnet N, Barkham N, Basu N, McClean A, Harper L, Amft EN, Dhaun N, Luqmani RA, Little MA, Jayne DR, Flossmann O, McLaren J, Kumar V, Reid DM, Macfarlane GJ, Jones G, Yates M, Watts RA, Igali L, Mukhtyar C, Macgregor A, Robson J, Doll H, Yew S, Flossmann O, Suppiah R, Harper L, Hoglund P, Jayne D, Mukhtyar C, Westman K, Luqmani R, Win Maw W, Patil P, Williams M, Adizie T, Christidis D, Borg F, Dasgupta B, Robertson A, Croft AP, Smith S, Carr S, Youssouf S, Salama A, Pusey C, Harper L, Morgan M. Basic Science * 208. Stem Cell Factor Expression is Increased in the Skin of Patients with Systemic Sclerosis and Promotes Proliferation and Migration of Fibroblasts in vitro. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Robson J, Kiran A, Maskell J, Hutchings A, Arden N, Dasgupta B, Hamilton W, Culliford D, Emin A, Luqmani R. The relative risk of aortic aneurysm in patients with giant cell arteritis compared with the general population of the UK. Presse Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2013.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Tobias J, Deere K, Palmer S, Clark E, Clinch J, Fikree A, Aktar R, Wellstead G, Knowles C, Grahame R, Aziz Q, Amaral B, Murphy G, Ioannou Y, Isenberg DA, Tansley SL, Betteridge ZE, Gunawardena H, Shaddick G, Varsani H, Wedderburn L, McHugh N, De Benedetti F, Ruperto N, Espada G, Gerloni V, Flato B, Horneff G, Myones BL, Onel K, Frane J, Kenwright A, Lipman TH, Bharucha KN, Martini A, Lovell DJ, Baildam E, Ruperto N, Brunner H, Zuber Z, Keane C, Harari O, Kenwright A, Cuttica RJ, Keltsev V, Xavier R, Penades IC, Nikishina I, Rubio-Perez N, Alekseeva E, Chasnyk V, Chavez J, Horneff G, Opoka-Winiarska V, Quartier P, Silva CA, Silverman ED, Spindler A, Lovell DJ, Martini A, De Benedetti F, Hendry GJ, Watt GF, Brandon M, Friel L, Turner D, Lorgelly PK, Gardner-Medwin J, Sturrock RD, Woodburn J, Firth J, Waxman R, Law G, Siddle H, Nelson AE, Helliwell P, Otter S, Butters V, Loughrey L, Alcacer-Pitarch B, Tranter J, Davies S, Hryniw R, Lewis S, Baker L, Dures E, Hewlett S, Ambler N, Clarke J, Gooberman-Hill R, Jenkins R, Wilkie R, Bucknall M, Jordan K, McBeth J, Norton S, Walsh D, Kiely P, Williams R, Young A, Harkess JE, McAlarey K, Chesterton L, van der Windt DA, Sim J, Lewis M, Mallen CD, Mason E, Hay E, Clarson LE, Hider SL, Belcher J, Heneghan C, Roddy E, Mallen CD, Gibson J, Whiteford S, Williamson E, Beatty S, Hamilton-Dyer N, Healey EL, Ryan S, McHugh GA, Main CJ, Porcheret M, Nio Ong B, Pushpa-Rajah A, Dziedzic KS, MacRae CS, Shortland A, Lewis J, Morrissey M, Critchley D, Muller S, Mallen CD, Belcher J, Helliwell T, Hider SL, Cole Z, Parsons C, Crozier S, Robinson S, Taylor P, Inskip H, Godfrey K, Dennison E, Harvey NC, Cooper C, Prieto Alhambra D, Lalmohamed A, Abrahamsen B, Arden N, de Boer A, Vestergaard P, de Vries F, Kendal A, Carr A, Prieto-Alhambra D, Judge A, Cooper C, Chapurlat R, Bellamy N, Czerwinski E, Pierre Devogelaer J, March L, Pavelka K, Reginster JY, Kiran A, Judge A, Javaid MK, Arden N, Cooper C, Sundy JS, Baraf HS, Becker M, Treadwell EL, Yood R, Ottery FD. Oral Abstracts 3: Adolescent and Young Adult * O13. Hypermobility is a Risk Factor for Musculoskeletal Pain in Adolescence: Findings From a Prospective Cohort Study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Javaid MK, Kiran A, Guermazi A, Kwoh CK, Zaim S, Carbone L, Harris T, McCulloch CE, Arden NK, Lane NE, Felson D, Nevitt M. Individual magnetic resonance imaging and radiographic features of knee osteoarthritis in subjects with unilateral knee pain: the health, aging, and body composition study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 64:3246-55. [PMID: 22736267 DOI: 10.1002/art.34594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Strong associations between radiographic features of knee osteoarthritis (OA) and pain have been demonstrated in persons with unilateral knee symptoms. This study was undertaken to compare radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of knee OA and assess their ability to discriminate between painful and nonpainful knees in persons with unilateral symptoms. METHODS The study population included 283 individuals ages 70-79 years with unilateral knee pain who were enrolled in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study, a study of weight-related diseases and mobility. Radiographs of both knees were read for Kellgren/Lawrence (K/L) grade and individual radiographic features, and 1.5T MRIs were assessed using the Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score. The association between structural features and pain was assessed using a within-person case-control design and conditional logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was then used to test the discriminatory performance of structural features. RESULTS In conditional logistic analyses, knee pain was significantly associated with both radiographic features (any joint space narrowing grade ≥ 1) (odds ratio 3.20 [95% confidence interval 1.79-5.71]) and MRI features (any cartilage defect scored ≥ 2) (odds ratio 3.67 [95% confidence interval 1.49-9.04]). However, in most subjects, MRI revealed osteophytes and cartilage and bone marrow lesions in both knees, and using ROC analysis, no individual structural feature discriminated well between painful and nonpainful knees. The best-performing MRI feature (synovitis/effusion) was not significantly more informative than K/L grade ≥ 2 (P = 0.42). CONCLUSION In persons with unilateral knee pain, MRI and radiographic features were associated with knee pain, confirming that structural abnormalities in the knee have an important role in the etiology of pain. However, no single MRI or radiographic finding performed well in discriminating between painful and nonpainful knees. Further work is needed to examine how structural and nonstructural factors influence knee pain.
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Leyland KM, Hart DJ, Javaid MK, Judge A, Kiran A, Soni A, Goulston LM, Cooper C, Spector TD, Arden NK. The natural history of radiographic knee osteoarthritis: a fourteen-year population-based cohort study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 64:2243-51. [PMID: 22422507 DOI: 10.1002/art.34415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish the natural history of radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA) over 14 years in a community-based cohort. METHODS We examined women from the Chingford Women's Study, a community-based cohort followed up for more than 14 years. We selected women for whom bilateral radiographs of the knees (with the legs in full extension) were obtained at approximately 5-year intervals. Radiographs were scored for OA in a blinded manner, using Kellgren/Lawrence (K/L) grades. Descriptive statistics and odds ratios (ORs) were used to compare the incidence, worsening, and progression of radiographic knee OA. RESULTS A complete radiography series was available for 561 of the original 1,003 subjects enrolled in the study. The median age of these subjects at baseline was 53 years (interquartile range 48-58 years). At baseline, 13.7% of the subjects had radiographic knee OA (K/L grade≥2) in at least one knee, and the prevalence increased to 47.8% by year 15. The annual cumulative incidence of radiographic knee OA was 2.3% between baseline and year 15. The annual rates of disease progression and worsening between baseline and year 15 were 2.8% and 3.0%, respectively. Subjects with a K/L grade of 1 at baseline were more likely to experience worsening by year 15 compared with subjects with a baseline grade of 0 (OR 4.5, 95% confidence interval 2.7-7.4). CONCLUSION This is the longest natural history study of radiographic knee OA to date. The results showed relatively low rates for the incidence and progression of radiographic knee OA; more than half of all subjects had no radiographic evidence of knee OA over a 15-year period of time. Subjects with a baseline K/L grade of 1 were more likely than subjects with other baseline K/L grades to experience worsening of knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Leyland
- Botnar Research Centre, Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Judge A, Arden NK, Kiran A, Price A, Javaid MK, Beard D, Murray D, Field RE. Interpretation of patient-reported outcomes for hip and knee replacement surgery: identification of thresholds associated with satisfaction with surgery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 94:412-8. [PMID: 22371552 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.94b3.27425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We obtained information from the Elective Orthopaedic Centre on 1523 patients with baseline and six-month Oxford hip scores (OHS) after undergoing primary hip replacement (THR) and 1784 patients with Oxford knee scores (OKS) for primary knee replacement (TKR) who completed a six-month satisfaction questionnaire. Receiver operating characteristic curves identified an absolute change in OHS of 14 points or more as the point that discriminates best between patients' satisfaction levels and an 11-point change for the OKS. Satisfaction is highest (97.6%) in patients with an absolute change in OHS of 14 points or more, compared with lower levels of satisfaction (81.8%) below this threshold. Similarly, an 11-point absolute change in OKS was associated with 95.4% satisfaction compared with 76.5% below this threshold. For the six-month OHS a score of 35 points or more distinguished patients with the highest satisfaction level, and for the six-month OKS 30 points or more identified the highest level of satisfaction. The thresholds varied according to patients' pre-operative score, where those with severe pre-operative pain/function required a lower six-month score to achieve the highest levels of satisfaction. Our data suggest that the choice of a six-month follow-up to assess patient-reported outcomes of THR/TKR is acceptable. The thresholds help to differentiate between patients with different levels of satisfaction, but external validation will be required prior to general implementation in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Judge
- University of Oxford, Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Windmill Road, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK.
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Kiran A, Loughran G, O'Mahony JJ, Baranov PV. Identification of A-to-I RNA editing: dotting the i's in the human transcriptome. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2012; 76:915-23. [PMID: 22022965 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297911080074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The phenomenon of adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing has attracted considerable attention from the scientific community due to its potential relationship to the evolution of cognition in animals. While A-to-I editing exists in all organisms with neurons, including those with primitive neuronal systems (hydra and nematodes), it is particularly frequent in organisms with a highly developed central nervous system (primates, especially humans). Diversification of RNA transcript sequences via A-to-I editing serves a number of different functional roles, such as altering the genome-templated identity of particular amino acids in proteins or altering splice site junctions and modulating regulation of alternatively spliced mRNA variants. Here we provide an overview of current computational and experimental methods for the high-throughput discovery of edited RNA nucleotides in the human transcriptome, as well as a survey of the existing RNA editing bioinformatics resources and an outlook of future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kiran
- Biochemistry Department, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Soni A, Kiran A, Hart DJ, Leyland KM, Goulston L, Cooper C, Javaid MK, Spector TD, Arden NK. Prevalence of reported knee pain over twelve years in a community-based cohort. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 64:1145-52. [PMID: 22180258 DOI: 10.1002/art.33434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the temporal patterns of knee pain in a community-based cohort over 12 years. METHODS Data on self-reported knee pain at 4 time points over 12 years were analyzed in participants from the Chingford Women's Study of osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis. Pain status was defined as any pain in the preceding month and pain on most days in the preceding month. This status was used to classify participants according to pain patterns of asymptomatic, persistent, incident, or intermittent pain. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify baseline predictors for each pain pattern. RESULTS Among the 489 women with complete followup data, the median age at baseline was 52 years (interquartile range [IQR] 48-58 years), the median body mass index (BMI) was 24.39 kg/m(2) (IQR 22.46-27.20), and 11.7% of the women had a Kellgren/Lawrence radiographic OA severity grade of ≥2 in at least one knee. Among subjects reporting any pain in the preceding month versus those reporting pain on most days in the preceding month, 9% versus 2% had persistent pain, 24% versus 16% had incident pain, and 29% versus 18% had intermittent pain. A higher BMI was predictive of persistent pain (odds ratio [OR] 1.14, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.04-1.25) and incident pain (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.02-1.18). The presence of radiographic knee OA was predictive of persistent pain (OR 3.70, 95% CI 1.34-10.28; P = 0.012), and reported knee injury was predictive of both persistent pain (OR 4.13, 95% CI 1.34-12.66; P = 0.013) and intermittent pain (OR 4.25, 95% CI 1.81-9.98; P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Significant variability in the temporal fluctuation of self-reported knee pain was seen in this community-based prospective study over a period of 12 years, with few women consistently reporting knee pain at each time point. Distinct baseline predictors for each pain pattern were identified and may explain the observed heterogeneity of self-reported knee pain when pain status is measured at only one time point.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Soni
- University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Goulston LM, Kiran A, Javaid MK, Soni A, White KM, Hart DJ, Spector TD, Arden NK. Does obesity predict knee pain over fourteen years in women, independently of radiographic changes? Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2011; 63:1398-406. [PMID: 21739621 DOI: 10.1002/acr.20546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine longitudinal patterns in body mass index (BMI) over 14 years and its association with knee pain in the Chingford Study. METHODS We studied a total of 594 women with BMI data from clinic visits at years (Y) 1, 5, 10, and 15. Knee pain at Y15 was assessed by questionnaire. Associations between BMI over 14 years and knee pain at Y15 were examined using logistic regression. RESULTS BMI significantly increased from Y1 to Y15 (P < 0.0005) with medians (interquartile ranges) of 24.5 kg/m(2) (22.5-27.2 kg/m(2) ) and 26.5 kg/m(2) (23.9-30.1 kg/m(2) ), respectively. At Y15, 45.1% of subjects had knee pain. A greater BMI at Y1 (odds ratio [OR] 1.34, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.05-1.69), at Y15 (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.10-1.61), and change in BMI over 15 years (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.00-1.93) were significant predictors of knee pain at Y15 (P < 0.05). BMI change was associated with bilateral (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.05-1.76, P = 0.024) but not unilateral knee pain (OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.73-1.76, P = 0.298). The association between BMI change and knee pain was independent of radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA). The strength of association between BMI and knee pain at Y15 was similar during followup measurements. CONCLUSION Over 14 years, a higher BMI predicts knee pain at Y15 in women, independently of radiographic knee OA. When adjusted, the association was significant in bilateral, not unilateral, knee pain, suggesting alternative pathologic mechanisms may exist. The longitudinal effect of BMI on knee pain at Y15 is equally important at any time point, which may assist reducing the population burden of knee pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndsey M Goulston
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK.
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Prieto-Alhambra D, Javaid MK, Judge A, Maskell J, Kiran A, Cooper C, Arden NK. Bisphosphonate use and risk of post-operative fracture among patients undergoing a total knee replacement for knee osteoarthritis: a propensity score analysis. Osteoporos Int 2011; 22:1555-71. [PMID: 20694456 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-010-1368-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Accepted: 07/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY We have shown that patients with osteoarthritis are at increased risk of fracture after total knee replacement (TKR). We conducted a population-based cohort study to assess the effect of bisphosphonate use on their post-surgery fracture risk. Cox regression adjusted by propensity score suggested a 50-55% reduction in risk of fracture post-surgery. INTRODUCTION Patients with osteoarthritis have a higher bone mass but similar or higher risk of fracture. We recently demonstrated that patients have an elevated fracture risk after TKR, but it is unknown if bisphosphonate therapy in this patient group would reduce fracture risk. We aimed to assess the effect of bisphosphonate prescription to patients undergoing a TKR, on their risk of fracture after surgery. METHODS From the General Practice Research Database, all patients ≥ 40 years old, who received a TKR from 1986 to 2006 for knee osteoarthritis were eligible. We identified bisphosphonate use (BPU) as the main exposure. Propensity scores (equivalent to the estimated conditional probability of being treated given the individual's covariates) were calculated using logistic regression and used to reduce observed confounding. We fitted Cox models to study the effect of BPU on post-surgery fracture occurrence. Analyses were stratified by history of previous fracture: no fracture, osteoporotic fracture (hip, wrist, humerus, spine), and other fractures. RESULTS The hazard ratio (HR) associated with BPU in non-previously fractured patients was 0.50 (95% confidence interval, 0.37-0.68; propensity-adjusted model), and 0.48 (0.35-0.65; matched analysis). In subjects with osteoporotic and with other previous fracture, BPU was associated with a propensity-adjusted HR of 0.46 (0.30 to 0.71) and 0.47 (0.26-0.85), respectively, and with a propensity-matched HR of 0.45 (0.29 to 0.70) and 0.45 (0.25-0.82). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that BPU in primary prevention could reduce post-operative risk of fracture by 50% and by 55% in secondary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Prieto-Alhambra
- NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Windmill Road, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
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Kiran A, Knights J. Traditional Indigenous Games promoting physical activity and cultural connectedness in primary schools--cluster randomised control trial. Health Promot J Austr 2010; 21:149-51. [PMID: 20701567 DOI: 10.1071/he10149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED This study investigated the effectiveness of Traditional Indigenous Games (TIG) to improve physical activity and cultural connectedness among primary school students in the community renewal areas of Townsville in North Queensland. METHODS A cluster randomised control trial was conducted in four primary schools in 2007. Baseline and post implementation surveys were conducted in two intervention and two control schools and the results were compared. RESULTS TIG delivered in primary schools every week over period of three months did not contribute to any statistically significant improvement in intervention and control groups in physical activity levels or cultural connectedness. CONCLUSIONS Further research specifically in terms of intensity and duration of TIG may inform whether physical activity may be improved. Enhancing the Indigenous cultural features of the existing TIG kit might positively influence Indigenous cultural connectedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Kiran
- Tropical Population Health Services, Queensland Health.
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Roemer FW, Kassim Javaid M, Guermazi A, Thomas M, Kiran A, Keen R, King L, Arden NK. Anatomical distribution of synovitis in knee osteoarthritis and its association with joint effusion assessed on non-enhanced and contrast-enhanced MRI. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2010; 18:1269-74. [PMID: 20691796 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2010.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2009] [Revised: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the anatomical distribution of synovitis and its association with joint effusion on non-enhanced and contrast-enhanced (CE) MRI in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS Baseline MRI was performed at 1.5T using axial proton density (PD)-weighted (w) fat suppressed (fs) and axial and sagittal T1-w fs CE sequences. Synovial enhancement was scored in nine articular subregions. Maximum synovial enhancement was grouped as absent (0), equivocal (1) and definite (2 and 3). Effusion was scored from 0 to 3 on the axial sequences. We described the anatomical distribution of synovitis, its association with effusion and compared assessment of effusion on T1-w fs CE and PD fs sequences. RESULTS 111 subjects were included and examined by MRI. 89.2% of knees exhibited at least one subregion with a minimum grade 2 and 39.6% at the maximum of a grade 3. The commonest sites for definite synovitis were posterior to the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) in 71.2% and in the suprapatellar region in 59.5% of all knees. On T1-w fs CE, 73.0% of knees showed any effusion. Definite synovitis in at least one location was present in 96.3% knees with an effusion and in 70.0% without an effusion. Higher grades of effusion were scored on the PD fs sequence. CONCLUSION Definite synovitis was present in the majority of knees with or without effusion with the commonest sites being posterior to the PCL and in the suprapatellar recess. Joint effusion as measured on PD fs images does not only represent effusion but also synovial thickening.
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Affiliation(s)
- F W Roemer
- Quantitative Imaging Center (QIC), Department of Radiology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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Holliday KL, McBeth J, Thomson W, Goodson NJ, Smith BH, Goebel A, Goulston LM, Soni A, White KM, Kiran A, Javaid MK, Hart DJ, Spector TD, Arden NK, Stahl E, Eyre S, Hinks A, Barton A, Flynn E, Lee A, Coblyn J, Xie G, Padyukov L, Chen R, Siminovitch K, Klareskog L, Raychaudhuri S, Gregersen P, Plenge R, Worthington J, Chen Y, Dawes PT, Mattey DL, Camacho E, Farragher T, Lunt M, Verstappen S, Bunn D, Symmons D, Mirjafari H, Farragher T, Verstappen SM, Charlton-Menys V, Bunn D, Marshall T, Edlin H, Wilson P, Symmons DP, Bruce IN, Hinks A, Moncrieffe H, Martin P, Lal SD, Ursu S, Kassoumeri L, Wedderburn LR, Thomson W. Concurrent Oral 3 - Genetics and Epidemiology [OP16-OP23]: OP16. Genetic Variation in the Dream Pain Modulation Pathway is Associated with the Extent of Musculoskeletal Pain. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Thomas MJ, Peat G, Roddy E, Menz HB, Jordan KP, Roddy E, Croft PR, Docking RE, Fleming J, Zhao J, Brayne C, Macfarlane GJ, Jones GT, Bedson J, Martino OI, Jordan KP, Dugue A, Greenbank C, Evans B, Diggle P, Goodson N, Halsey J, Bukhari M, Fenech V, Farrugia C, Degaetano J, Grixti C, Borg AA, Prieto-Alhambra D, Javaid MK, Maskell J, Judge A, Nevitt M, Cooper C, Arden NK, Hill JC, Konstantinou K, Egbewale BE, Dunn KM, Lewis M, van der Windt D, Zwierska I, Packham JC, Jordan KP, Roddy E, Chambers T, Johansson H, Goodson N, Halsey JP, Bukhari MA, Fatima F, Moots RJ, Rao UR, Goodson NJ, Menz HB, Jordan KP, Roddy E, Croft PR, Soni A, White K, Kiran A, Goulston L, Hart D, Spector T, Kassim Javaid M, Arden NK, Soni A, White K, Kiran A, Goulston L, Hart D, Spector T, Kassim Javaid M, Arden NK. Epidemiology [301-314]: 301. The Population Prevalence of Foot and Ankle Pain Over the Age of 45 Years: A Systematic Review. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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