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Xun H, Modica A, Payne R, Seetharaman S, Reilly L, Bertuzzi R, Wharton D, Hanlon A, Cooney C, Sood G, Caffrey J. A multi-modal environmental bundle to reduce nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcal aureus transmission in a high volume burn intensive care unit: A prospective study. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2023; 77:397-399. [PMID: 36628856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2022.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Xun
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center at Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 4940 Eastern Avenue Pavilion Building 3rd Floor Suite P3-4-11, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - Ashley Modica
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center at Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 4940 Eastern Avenue Pavilion Building 3rd Floor Suite P3-4-11, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - Rachael Payne
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center at Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 4940 Eastern Avenue Pavilion Building 3rd Floor Suite P3-4-11, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | | | - Lenore Reilly
- Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ruth Bertuzzi
- Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Danielle Wharton
- Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ann Hanlon
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Carisa Cooney
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center at Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 4940 Eastern Avenue Pavilion Building 3rd Floor Suite P3-4-11, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - Geeta Sood
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Julie Caffrey
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center at Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 4940 Eastern Avenue Pavilion Building 3rd Floor Suite P3-4-11, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States.
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Dean B, Puthumana J, Vocke S, Neely L, Modica A, Caffrey J. Yoga and Cutaneous Functional Unit Recruitment for a Patient with Cervical and Upper Extremity Burn Scar Contracture: Case Report. Int J Yoga Therap 2022; 32:Article 6. [PMID: 35533407 DOI: 10.17761/2022-d-21-00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Burn scar contracture greatly limits function for burn survivors, particularly when the scarring crosses multiple joints. Previous research has identified fields of skin recruited during single joint motion, called cutaneous functional units (CFU), indicating that impairments may be seen distal to the injured tissue. This case report connects the principles of CFU and yoga-inspired therapy modalities in improving clinical outcomes for a burn survivor. The patient is a 38-year-old male who sustained deep partial-thickness electrical burns to his neck, chest, and bilateral upper extremities, presenting with significantly decreased range of motion. The patient attended physical therapy 4 days a week, where he performed a specific yoga asana program during each session. Outcomes including standard range of motion measures, the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), and the Neck Disability Index (NDI), which were recorded every 10 sessions. CFUs of cervical extension and shoulder flexion were analyzed via photographs comparing cutaneous position during specified yoga poses and resting anatomical position in standing. Over 30 visits, cervical and shoulder range of motion increased, although the VSS and NDI did not show significant improvement. Yoga poses showed overall cutaneous recruitment distal to the targeted joints, and burned skin was recruited similarly to nonburned skin in positions of stretch. Incorporating multijoint approaches for stretching, like yoga, appears to contribute to improved clinical range-of-motion outcomes when paired with traditional burn-rehabilitation interventions. Yoga poses involving multiple joints align with the principle of CFUs, warranting continued investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke Dean
- 1. Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, Md
| | | | - Scott Vocke
- 1. Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, Md
| | - Laurie Neely
- 3. University of Central Florida School of Medicine, Orlando
| | - Ashley Modica
- 4. University of Southern Florida School of Medicine, Tampa
| | - Julie Caffrey
- 2. Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
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Modica A, Karlsson F, Mooe T. Platelet aggregation and aspirin non-responsiveness increase when an acute coronary syndrome is complicated by an infection. J Thromb Haemost 2007; 5:507-11. [PMID: 17319905 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02378.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies have shown that there is an association between acute respiratory infection and acute coronary syndrome. The aim of this study was to analyze the thrombotic risk, assessed by platelet aggregation and aspirin non-responsiveness, in patients with an acute coronary syndrome complicated by an infection. METHODS Patients with an acute coronary syndrome who were admitted to the intensive care unit and hospitalized for at least 3 days in 2002 and 2003 were eligible for the study. Three hundred and fifty-eight patients were included, of whom 66 had an infection during their hospital stay. Platelet aggregation was analyzed by an aggregometer using laser light (PA-200, laser light scattering). Aspirin non-responsiveness was defined as a closure time of RESULTS Platelet aggregation was more pronounced during an infectious complication (P < 0.001). The subgroups of patients with persistent fever, urinary tract infection, and pneumonia all had a higher level of aggregates than the group of patients without an infection (P = 0.007, P = 0.04, and P = 0.01, respectively). Aspirin non-responsiveness was more frequent in the group of subjects with pneumonia compared with those without an infection, 90% vs. 46% (P = 0.006). The CRP levels were independently associated with platelet aggregation and aspirin non-responsiveness (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION An infectious complication during the course of an acute coronary syndrome leads to more pronounced platelet aggregation. Aspirin non-responsiveness is more frequent in severe infections, such as pneumonia. CRP is an independent predictor of platelet aggregation and aspirin non-responsiveness in the setting of an acute coronary syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Modica
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Ostersund Hospital, Ostersund, Sweden.
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Conte E, Modica A, Cacopardo B, Messina L, Nigro L, Messina A. Ribavirin up-regulates IL-12 p40 gene expression and restores IL-12 levels in Leishmania-treated PBMCs. Parasite Immunol 2005; 27:447-51. [PMID: 16255743 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2005.00796.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ribavirin, a nucleoside analogue that interferes with viral mRNA synthesis and inhibits the replication of RNA and DNA viruses, has been recently proposed as an effective immune response modulator. In the present report, we studied the effect of ribavirin on IL-12 p40 gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of healthy subjects. We also studied ribavirin effects on PBMCs activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and treated with Leishmania donovani antigens. We provide evidence that ribavirin was able to up-regulate IL-12 p40 gene expression and to restore levels of IL-12 p40 gene expression and IL-12 secretion in fully activated PBMCs that were strongly inhibited by L. donovani antigens. Because effective management of leishmanial disease is usually associated with a prevalent T-helper 1 immune response with elevated production of IL-12,our preliminary results may be of particular interest, provided that they will be confirmed by further in vitro and in vivo studies, when considering a possible use of ribavirin as adjuvant in severe leishmanial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Conte
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of General Pathology, University of Catania, Italy.
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Caruso G, Genovese L, Mancuso M, Modica A. Effects of fish farming on microbial enzyme activities and densities: comparison between three Mediterranean sites. Lett Appl Microbiol 2003; 37:324-8. [PMID: 12969497 DOI: 10.1046/j.1472-765x.2003.01401.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM The effects of fish farming on microbial enzyme activities and heterotrophic bacterial density were investigated in three Mediterranean sites before and after the start of mariculture. METHODS AND RESULTS Microbial activities were measured on water and sediment samples by using fluorogenic substrates specific for leucine aminopeptidase, beta-glucosidase and alkaline phosphatase (AP); bacterial counts were determined by Marine agar plates. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Comparison of activity and abundance values obtained before and after the experiment showed that fish farming mainly affected the levels of microbial activities; they were significantly enhanced both in water and sediments, reaching an increase of 183.66 times for AP in Castellammare Gulf. After mariculture, no significant variations were recorded in heterotrophic bacterial density in the waters, while significant changes were observed in the sediments. Effects induced appeared to be extended not only to stations in which cages were located, but also to control sites far from the direct influence of fish farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Caruso
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, C.N.R., Messina, Italy.
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Giordano D, De Stefano ME, Citro G, Modica A, Giorgi M. Expression of cGMP-binding cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE5) in mouse tissues and cell lines using an antibody against the enzyme amino-terminal domain. Biochim Biophys Acta 2001; 1539:16-27. [PMID: 11389965 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4889(01)00086-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We have produced a polyclonal antibody that specifically recognizes cGMP-binding cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE5). The antibody was raised in rabbit using as immunogen a fusion protein, in which glutathione S-transferase was coupled to a 171 amino acid polypeptide of the N-terminal region of bovine PDE5. The antibody is able to immunoprecipitate PDE5 activity from mouse tissues and neuroblastoma extracts while it has no effect on all other PDE isoforms present in the extracts. PDE5 activity recovered in the immunoprecipitates retains its sensitivity to specific inhibitors such as zaprinast (IC(50)=0.6 microM) and sildenafil (IC(50)=3.5 nM). Bands of the expected molecular mass were revealed when solubilized immunoprecipitates were analysed in Western blots. The antibody selectively stained cerebellar Purkinje neurones, which are known to express high levels of PDE5 mRNA. Western blot analysis of mouse tissues revealed the highest expression signal in mouse lung, followed by heart and cerebellum, while a lower signal was evident in brain, kidney and a very low signal was present in the liver. In the hybrid neuroblastoma-glioma NG108-15 cells the antibody revealed a high PDE5 induction after dibutyryl-cAMP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Giordano
- Dipartimento do Biologia Cellulare e dello Sviluppo, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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D'Andrea V, Biancari F, Cavallotti D, Malinovsky L, Di Matteo FM, Modesti A, Confaloni AM, Salvati S, Dibra A, Falvo L, Spyrou M, Scarpa S, Modica A, De Antoni E. Thymectomy and multiple sclerosis: ultrastructural study of an experimental model. G Chir 1999; 20:119-24. [PMID: 10217872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Transmission electron microscopy was performed on specimens of the thymus of rats induced for acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). The ultrastructural alterations of the thymus were progressive and correlated with EAE development. The thymic disorganization was due to a progressive degeneration of both epithelial cells and thymocytes. These data suggest a direct involvement of the epithelial thymic cells and thymocytes in EAE pathogenesis and may suggest the intriguing therapeutic concept of thymectomy in the management of multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V D'Andrea
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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Canavese C, Mangiarotti G, Pacitti A, Stratta P, Modica A, Moretti F, Piccoli G. The patient with acute renal failure and nondilated urinary tract. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1998; 13:203-5. [PMID: 9481743 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/13.1.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Canavese
- Department of Nephrology, St John Molinette Hospital, Torino, Italy
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Cornacchione P, Scaringi L, Fettucciari K, Rosati E, Sabatini R, Orefici G, von Hunolstein C, Modesti A, Modica A, Minelli F, Marconi P. Group B streptococci persist inside macrophages. Immunology 1998; 93:86-95. [PMID: 9536123 PMCID: PMC1364110 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2567.1998.00402.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Group B streptococci (GBS) are an important cause of neonatal sepsis, pneumonia and meningitis. In the early phase of infection, macrophages and polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) are the first immune cells that interact with GBS. In this in vitro study, to gain insight into GBS-macrophage interaction in the absence of type-specific antibodies, we examined the features of GBS survival in thioglycollate-elicited murine peritoneal macrophages and the effect of GBS on the protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent transduction pathway. Our results demonstrate that type Ia GBS, strain 090 (GBS-Ia) and type III GBS strain COH 31r/s (GBS-III), after in vitro phagocytosis survive and persist intracellularly in macrophages for up to 24 and 48 hr, respectively. However, macrophage activation by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli (LPS) caused a significant reduction in the time of intracellular persistence. Macrophage activation by IFN-gamma and LPS seems to be a multifactorial event involving multiple intracellular signal pathways also including PKC. Since PKC is one of the components in the signal network leading to macrophage activation and an important target for several intracellular micro-organisms, we wondered whether PKC could have a role in intracellular GBS survival. Both PKC depletion by treatment with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) for 18 hr and PKC inhibition by Calphostin C rendered macrophages more permissive for the intracellular GBS survival. Furthermore, GBS-infected macrophages were unable to respond to PMA and LPS, activators of PKC, by inducing antimicrobial activity. The ability of GBS to impair PKC-dependent cell signalling was also demonstrated by the reduced c-fos gene expression in GBS-infected macrophages with respect to control macrophages, after LPS stimulation. In conclusion, our results indicate that GBS survive in macrophages and impairment of PKC signal transduction contributes to their intracellular survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cornacchione
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Italy
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10
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Bona R, d'Aloja P, Olivetta E, Modesti A, Modica A, Geraci A, Ferrari G, Verani P, Federico M. Aberrant, noninfectious HIV-1 particles are released by chronically infected human T cells transduced with a retroviral vector expressing an interfering HIV-1 variant. Gene Ther 1997; 4:1085-92. [PMID: 9415315 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3300501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The expression of the nonproducer F12-HIV-1 genome has been previously shown to protect the host cell from HIV superinfection. In order to estimate the efficacy of the F12-HIV genome as an anti-HIV reagent also in cells already infected, an HIV-1 chronically infected Hut-78 cell clone (D10) was superinfected with an amphotropic mouse/human pseudotype retrovirus whose genome expresses both the F12-HIV genome and the selection marker gene (i.e. the c-DNA of a truncated form of the nerve growth factor receptor, NGFr) under the control of F12-HIV 5'LTR. D10 cells homogenously expressing the F12-HIV genome (T-D10) released unaltered amounts of retrovirions whose infectivity was, however, dramatically impaired (from 9 x 10(3) in D10 to < 10(0.5). TCID50/ml in T-D10 supernatants). Electron microscopy showed that the morphology of retrovirions released by T-D10 cells was heavily altered, both in size and shape. Furthermore, no retrotranscription products were detectable in CD4 cells challenged with T-D10 retrovirions. For the first time, the block in the infectivity of HIV released from already infected cells through the expression of an anti-HIV retroviral vector was demonstrated. These data could have important implications both from a perspective of F12-HIV-based anti-HIV gene therapy and, in general, on the role that nonproducer and/or defective HIV could play 'in vivo' in HIV infection and AIDS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bona
- Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Carbonari M, Pesce AM, Cibati M, Modica A, Dell'Anna L, D'Offizi G, Angelici A, Uccini S, Modesti A, Fiorilli M. Death of bystander cells by a novel pathway involving early mitochondrial damage in human immunodeficiency virus-related lymphadenopathy. Blood 1997; 90:209-16. [PMID: 9207455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Destruction of immune cells in peripheral lymphoid tissues plays presumably a pivotal role in acquired immune deficiency syndrome pathogenesis. We found that cell suspensions obtained from lymph nodes of eight human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals contained variable proportions (2.1% to 18.3%, median 11.2%) of dead lymphocytes permeable to supravital dyes, represented by CD4+, CD8+, and B cells. The frequency of dead cells correlated directly (R = 0.847) with the amount of HIV provirus in the cell populations, and HIV provirus was enriched in the dead cell fractions. Similar proportions of dead cells were observed in cell suspensions from lymphadenopathic lymph nodes of HIV- donors, but not from small resting HIV- lymph nodes. Electron microscopic and flow cytometric analyses revealed that most dead cells from HIV+ lymph nodes lacked internucleosomal DNA fragmentation but displayed combined features of apoptosis and necrosis, eg, chromatin condensation and mitochondrial swelling. Cells with similar morphology were readily identified in lymph node tissue sections, and marked mitochondrial swelling could be occasionally observed in cells with otherwise normal morphology. Our findings have two major implications. One is that the in vivo cell death in HIV-infected lymph nodes occurs predominantly through a novel pathway, related to but distinct from classical apoptosis and characterised by early and severe mitochondrial damage. The second implication is that HIV-related lymphadenopathy is accompanied in vivo by massive destruction of uninfected lymph node cells. Comparable levels of cell death were observed in other inflammatory lymphadenopathies not related to HIV; however, the uniquely endless and generalized nature of HIV lymphadenopathy might render this "inflammatory" cell destruction a powerful pathogenetic mechanism, accounting for the progressive disruption and depletion of lymphoid tissues seen in HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carbonari
- Department of Clinical Medicine, 4th Institute of Clinical Surgery, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy
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Mezi S, Aloise G, Marzullo A, Marchei P, Di Benedetto A, Modica A, Vasaturo F, Modesti M. [Prognostic significance of desmoplasia in breast carcinoma. A preliminary clinical study]. G Chir 1997; 18:263-8. [PMID: 9312252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study carried on 61 patients with breast cancer confirmed the biological assumption of a higher malignancy in tumors with strong desmoplastic reaction. Patients in stage II A, II B and III presenting a marked desmoplastic reaction have a shorter DFS (disease free survival). Therefore, desmoplastic reaction may be considered a marker of local malignancy and metastatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mezi
- III Clinica Chirurgica Generale e Terapia Chirurgica, Università degli Studi La Sepienza, Roma
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13
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Oddi G, Rebeck L, Storniello G, De Blasio A, Papetti C, De Laurenzi A, Modesti A, Modica A. [Bone marrow changes in HIV-positive patients (clinical, cytological, histological, and ultrastructural study of 57 cases)]. Pathologica 1997; 89:36-43. [PMID: 9312731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The authors take into consideration clinical, cytological, histological and ultrastructural pattern of 57 HIV+ patients. They want to quantify bone marrow alterations and research their relation with haematological pattern of these patients. They think that peripheral haematological deficit is related with cellular and stromal alterations of the bone marrow. In fact there are many morphological cellular alterations. The most characteristic are that of megakaryocytes. The alterations of these cells are, probably, responsible for bone marrow early sclerosis of these patients. The plasma cells are also numerous and activated. They respect an immunological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Oddi
- Servizio di Anatomia Citologica ed Istologia Patologica, Ospedale C. Forlanin, Roma
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14
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Santulli A, Messina C, Modica A, Curatolo A, D'Amelio V. Lipid and apolipoprotein composition of lipoproteins of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(96)00047-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gentile V, Modesti A, La Pera G, Vasaturo F, Modica A, Prigiotti G, Di Silverio F, Scarpa S. Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical characterization of the tunica albuginea in Peyronie's disease and veno-occlusive dysfunction. J Androl 1996; 17:96-103. [PMID: 8723432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The tunica albuginea and corpus cavernosum from patients with Peyronie's disease (PD), patients with veno-occlusive dysfunction (VOD), and those from normal control subjects were studied by transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemical staining for type I, III, and V collagens, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) AA and BB homodimers, and PDGF alpha and beta receptors. Ultrastructural modifications resembling a fibrotic reaction were detected in the two pathological tunica albuginea, but not in those from control subjects. Ultrastructural data demonstrated a general increase in fibrous and amorphous extracellular matrix material in the pathological tunica albuginea. The amorphous material probably represents glycoproteins and proteoglycans. The fibrous material, representing collagen, appears disorganized in the tissue and does not display the typical and homogeneous diameter, size, and spatial arrangement. Large areas of extracellular and intracytoplasmic, partially degraded, fibers are visible. An increased type I/III collagen ratio was detected by immunohistochemistry in the two pathological tunica albuginea. Moreover, a strong expression of type V collagen, correlated to fibroblasts, was revealed. Fibroblasts from control tissues, on the other hand, were totally negative. Finally, PDGF AA and BB were positive in fibroblasts from pathological tunica albuginea but were negative in control tissues. PDGF beta receptor was positive in pathological and normal tissue fibroblasts. Tunica albuginea from PD and VOD show similar ultrastructural and immunohistochemical alterations, whereas the corpus cavemosum shows no visible modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Gentile
- Urology Department, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy
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16
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Musiani P, Allione A, Modica A, Lollini PL, Giovarelli M, Cavallo F, Belardelli F, Forni G, Modesti A. Role of neutrophils and lymphocytes in inhibition of a mouse mammary adenocarcinoma engineered to release IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-10, IFN-alpha, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha. J Transl Med 1996; 74:146-57. [PMID: 8569177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Impressive inhibition of tumor growth has been observed after transduction of cytokine genes into tumor cells. Secreted cytokines do not affect the proliferation of a tumor directly but activate a host immune reaction strong enough to overcome its oncogenic capacity. However, the reaction mechanisms activated are difficult to interpret; because these mechanisms have been derived from experiments with different tumors, comparisons are hindered. To compare the reactive mechanisms induced by each cytokine, BALB/c mice were challenged with the parental cells of the syngeneic spontaneous mammary adenocarcinoma TSA, or with TSA cells engineered to release IL2, IL4, IL7, IL10, IFN alpha, IFN gamma, and TNF alpha, and the tumor growth area was studied histologically, ultrastructurally, and immunohistochemically. These observations were integrated with data on the growth and rejection patterns of TSA cells in mice depleted of natural killer (NK) cells, granulocytes, CD4+, or CD8+ lymphocytes. The rejection of TSA-IL2 and TSA-TNF alpha cells was associated with the massive presence of neutrophils, that of TSA-IL4 and TSA-IL7 cells with neutrophils and very small areas of colliquative necrosis, and that of TSA-IFN alpha and TSA-IL10 cells with extensive areas of ischemic-coagulative necrosis and some neutrophils. TSA-IFN gamma cells displayed a delay in growth, but were not rejected. Their growth areas comprised necrotic zones of ischemic necrosis devoid of neutrophils. The selective depletion experiments demonstrated that rejection of engineered TSA cells depends on several leukocyte populations. The weight of each population varied with the secreted cytokine, although neutrophils and CD8+ lymphocytes constantly played the major role. Employment of the same tumor line engineered with the genes of different cytokines showed that each cytokine evokes a distinct reaction and that tumor inhibition results from a complex mechanism in which neutrophils and CD8+ lymphocytes and ischemic necrosis are of primary importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Musiani
- Istituto di Patologia Umana e Medicina Sociale, Universitá G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
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Santodonato L, Ferrantini M, Gabriele L, Proietti E, Venditti M, Musiani P, Modesti A, Modica A, Lupton SD, Belardelli F. Cure of mice with established metastatic friend leukemia cell tumors by a combined therapy with tumor cells expressing both interferon-alpha 1 and herpes simplex thymidine kinase followed by ganciclovir. Hum Gene Ther 1996; 7:1-10. [PMID: 8825863 DOI: 10.1089/hum.1996.7.1-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Transduction of the murine interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) gene into various malignant mouse tumor cells has resulted in the loss of tumorigenicity and an acquired capacity to induce long-lasting antitumor immunity following their injection into immunocompetent syngeneic mice. In the present study, we investigated the effectiveness of IFN-alpha-producing tumor cells in the therapy of mice with established mouse tumors. In DBA/2 mice bearing subcutaneous (s.c.) Friend erythroleukemia cell (FLC) tumors, we found that to achieve some antitumor response (i) it was necessary to inject high numbers of IFN-alpha-producing FLC, which occasionally lead to the formation of slowly growing tumors; and, that (ii) repeated injections of irradiated IFN-alpha-FLC did not result in any antitumor effect. The therapeutic potential of IFN-alpha-producing FLC rendered sensitive to ganciclovir (GCV), by transfer of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (tk) gene, was investigated. Complete tumor rejection and cure was observed in > or = 70% of the animals after injection of high numbers (10(7)) of IFN-alpha-producing tk-expressing tumor cells followed 4 days later by repeated GCV treatments, whereas only a slight increase in survival time was obtained after administration of control tk-expressing tumor cells (not producing IFN) and GCV. Tumor rejection was associated with a dramatic destruction of tumor tissue and with the subsequent development of a potent and long-lasting antitumor immunity. No therapeutic effect was observed in immunosuppressed nude mice. These data indicate that this approach may represent an effective and safe therapeutic strategy for antitumor cytokine gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Santodonato
- Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy
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18
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Lollini PL, De Giovanni C, Landuzzi L, Nicoletti G, Frabetti F, Cavallo F, Giovarelli M, Forni G, Modica A, Modesti A. Transduction of genes coding for a histocompatibility (MHC) antigen and for its physiological inducer interferon-gamma in the same cell: efficient MHC expression and inhibition of tumor and metastasis growth. Hum Gene Ther 1995; 6:743-52. [PMID: 7548274 DOI: 10.1089/hum.1995.6.6-743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The mouse mammary carcinoma TS/A, of BALB/c (H-2d) origin, was transfected with the murine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) gene (Int. J. Cancer 55: 320, 1993). We used IFN-gamma transfectants as recipients for a second round of transfections with murine allogeneic class I histocompatibility (H-2b) genes that are modulated by IFN. Transfectants with either gene alone, as well as parent TS/A cells (TS/A-pc), were used as controls. Only double transfectants expressed high levels of the allogeneic H-2b genes, while in H-2b single transfectants the expression was very low (but was induced by treatment with exogenous IFN-gamma). The tumorigenic potential of IFN-gamma or H-2b single transfectants was reduced in comparison to TS/A-pc. IFN-gamma+H-2Kb double transfectants were almost nontumorigenic, while IFN-gamma+H-2Db clones gave rise to tumors in about one-half of mice. The experimental metastatic ability of all IFN-gamma+H-2b double transfectants was very low. IFN-gamma single transfectants were known to induce a strong macrophage response in the host. The expression of allogeneic H-2 antigens added a T-lymphocyte-mediated response that accounted for the lower tumorigenicity of double transfectants. These results show that it is possible to steer the immune response evoked by tumor cells for therapeutic purposes. Moreover, the high H-2 expression obtained in IFN-gamma+H-2b double transfectants suggests that single IFN-gamma transfectants are ideal recipients for all IFN-sensitive genes. This approach can be used also for other general-purpose inducers of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Lollini
- Istituto di Cancerologia, Università di Bologna, Italy
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19
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Aloise G, Mezi S, Filippini A, Signorelli G, Mazzacurati V, Marzullo A, Arceri S, Modica A, Giuliante A, Di Matteo FM. [The biological effects of the CO2 laser studied in experimental intestinal resections]. G Chir 1995; 16:61-6. [PMID: 7779634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
An histological and E.M. study has been performed on rat's intestinal tract resection to evaluate CO2 laser effects. Necrotic effect of laser is evident up to 120 micron. While the intestinal tissue results normal at 480 micron from resection line. Muscular and fibrous components appear more resistant to damage while E.M. presents a new organization of its components forming a new compact and continue tissue. This new organization may be involved in the protection of the subepithelial spaces, and may have an important role in intestinal anastomosis scar process.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Aloise
- Istituto di III Clinica Chirurgica Generale e Terapia Chirurgica, Università degli Studi La Sapienza, Roma
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20
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Ferrantini M, Giovarelli M, Modesti A, Musiani P, Modica A, Venditti M, Peretti E, Lollini PL, Nanni P, Forni G. IFN-alpha 1 gene expression into a metastatic murine adenocarcinoma (TS/A) results in CD8+ T cell-mediated tumor rejection and development of antitumor immunity. Comparative studies with IFN-gamma-producing TS/A cells. The Journal of Immunology 1994. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.153.10.4604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Cells from a spontaneous, invasive, and metastasizing mouse mammary adenocarcinoma (TS/A-pc) were transfected with a retroviral vector containing the mouse IFN-alpha 1 gene. TS/A clones secreting varying amounts of IFN-alpha 1 were isolated and their tumorigenicity was evaluated after s.c. or i.v. injection into immunocompetent BALB/c mice. Almost all of the IFN-alpha-secreting TS/A clones failed to grow in a high percentage of mice or formed small tumors after a long latency time, whereas TS/A-pc or transfection control cells always grew into large s.c. tumors. Rejection was mainly mediated by CD8+ T lymphocytes and partially by polymorphonuclear cells, as demonstrated by selective immunosuppression experiments and histologic and ultrastructural data. After rejection, a significant portion of mice displayed an immune resistance to the subsequent challenge with TS/A-pc. When the metastatic ability of IFN-alpha-secreting clones was compared with that of previously characterized IFN-gamma-secreting TS/A clones, it was found that the expression of IFN-alpha into TS/A tumor cells resulted in a potent inhibition of metastases formation, whereas IFN-gamma expression either did not affect or even enhanced the metastatic behavior of TS/A cells. These results provide strong evidence for the usefulness of IFN-alpha-producing tumor cells for the development of gene therapy strategies and vaccines against metastatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ferrantini
- Laboratory of Virology, Higher Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - M Giovarelli
- Laboratory of Virology, Higher Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - A Modesti
- Laboratory of Virology, Higher Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - P Musiani
- Laboratory of Virology, Higher Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - A Modica
- Laboratory of Virology, Higher Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - M Venditti
- Laboratory of Virology, Higher Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - E Peretti
- Laboratory of Virology, Higher Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - P L Lollini
- Laboratory of Virology, Higher Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - P Nanni
- Laboratory of Virology, Higher Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - G Forni
- Laboratory of Virology, Higher Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
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21
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Ferrantini M, Giovarelli M, Modesti A, Musiani P, Modica A, Venditti M, Peretti E, Lollini PL, Nanni P, Forni G. IFN-alpha 1 gene expression into a metastatic murine adenocarcinoma (TS/A) results in CD8+ T cell-mediated tumor rejection and development of antitumor immunity. Comparative studies with IFN-gamma-producing TS/A cells. J Immunol 1994; 153:4604-15. [PMID: 7963533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cells from a spontaneous, invasive, and metastasizing mouse mammary adenocarcinoma (TS/A-pc) were transfected with a retroviral vector containing the mouse IFN-alpha 1 gene. TS/A clones secreting varying amounts of IFN-alpha 1 were isolated and their tumorigenicity was evaluated after s.c. or i.v. injection into immunocompetent BALB/c mice. Almost all of the IFN-alpha-secreting TS/A clones failed to grow in a high percentage of mice or formed small tumors after a long latency time, whereas TS/A-pc or transfection control cells always grew into large s.c. tumors. Rejection was mainly mediated by CD8+ T lymphocytes and partially by polymorphonuclear cells, as demonstrated by selective immunosuppression experiments and histologic and ultrastructural data. After rejection, a significant portion of mice displayed an immune resistance to the subsequent challenge with TS/A-pc. When the metastatic ability of IFN-alpha-secreting clones was compared with that of previously characterized IFN-gamma-secreting TS/A clones, it was found that the expression of IFN-alpha into TS/A tumor cells resulted in a potent inhibition of metastases formation, whereas IFN-gamma expression either did not affect or even enhanced the metastatic behavior of TS/A cells. These results provide strong evidence for the usefulness of IFN-alpha-producing tumor cells for the development of gene therapy strategies and vaccines against metastatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ferrantini
- Laboratory of Virology, Higher Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
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22
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Ausiello CM, Sestili P, Locardi C, Logozzi M, Rizza P, Parlanti E, Yang L, Modica A, Modesti A, Musiani P. Defective response to T cell mitogens in mice injected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected U937 cells. J Gen Virol 1994; 75 ( Pt 10):2789-94. [PMID: 7931168 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-75-10-2789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Swiss mice were injected intraperitoneally with uninfected or human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infected human U937 cells. At 6 days, no residual human cells were detected in mouse tissues as determined by PCR analysis of DNAs from injected mice using primers and probes for the human HLA-DQ alpha gene. At 6 to 12 months, approximately 60% of the HIV-1-infected mice had antibodies to HIV-1 gp 120 and gp41 proteins. Fifteen percent of the animals showed evidence of HIV-1 infection as determined by PCR analyses of DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes and by in situ hybridization for detection of HIV-1 mRNA in peritoneal cells. In this set of experiments, spleen cells from mice sacrificed at different times after injection were cultured for 48 h in the presence or absence of mitogens [i.e.: concanavalin (Con A) or anti-CD3 antibody] and then tested for lymphocyte proliferation. At 10 to 12 months, splenocytes from approximately 80% of Swiss mice injected with HIV-1-infected U937 cells exhibited a marked defect in their proliferative response to Con A or anti-CD3 antibody as compared with spleen cells from both uninjected or U937 cell-injected mice. Similar results were obtained at 12 months in C3H/HeJ mice. Non-responding spleen cells from HIV-1-injected Swiss mice did not proliferate in response to anti-CD3 antibody even in the presence of co-stimulatory molecules such as phorbol myristate acetate or anti-CD28 antibody. Splenocytes from these mice also exhibited an impaired capacity to produce interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 after mitogen stimulation. No T cell defects were observed in control-injected mice. Immunofluorescence analyses revealed a significant decrease in the percentage of both CD4+ and CD8+ spleen cells in HIV-1-injected mice. These data indicate that immunocompetent mice can be used to investigate some HIV-1-related immune dysfunctions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Ausiello
- Laboratory of Bacteriology and Medical Mycology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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23
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Modesti M, Signorelli G, Mazzacurati V, Aloise G, Filippini A, Marzullo A, Mezi S, Modica A, Vitullo P, Arcieri S. [A histological and ultrastructural study of the effects of the argon laser scalpel on the kidney]. G Chir 1994; 15:241-5. [PMID: 7946982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The authors carried an histological and ultrastructural study on rat kidney following polar excision by argon laser. The involvement of the remainder portion of the kidney was evaluated analysing the depth of the damage induced by the laser radiation. Restitution ad integrum was found below 360 micron thickness with a different involvement of the various kidney components. Glomeruli showed a deep damage caused by intravascular photocoagulation. On the contrary, tubular and extracellular damage was less serious and the damaged area extended for only 240 micron from the section, probably for a lack of absorbance of the argon radiation by clear and water-rich tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Modesti
- Istituto di III Clinica Chirurgica, Università degli Studi La Sapienza, Roma
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24
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Carbonari M, Cibati M, Cherchi M, Sbarigia D, Pesce AM, Dell'Anna L, Modica A, Fiorilli M. Detection and characterization of apoptotic peripheral blood lymphocytes in human immunodeficiency virus infection and cancer chemotherapy by a novel flow immunocytometric method. Blood 1994; 83:1268-77. [PMID: 7509654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
We have developed a quantitative and sensitive flow cytometric method for the detection of human apoptotic lymphocytes that, unlike previously described assays, allows their identification in mixed populations of peripheral blood leukocytes as well as their immunophenotyping. Apoptotic lymphocytes are identified on the basis of peculiar light scatter changes, reflecting their smaller size and their modified nucleus/cytoplasm organization, and of the decreased expression of surface CD45 molecules. Based on these criteria, apoptotic lymphocytes generated by exposure to ionizing radiation can be easily distinguished from viable cells and from necrotic lymphocytes generated by treatment with antibody and complement. Using this assay, we reappraised the phenomenon of the in vitro apoptosis of lymphocytes from patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Lymphocytes from HIV patients, unlike those from normal HIV-negative subjects, undergo apoptosis upon simple in vitro culture. We found that the percentages of lymphocytes undergoing apoptosis were significantly higher in patients with low CD4 cell counts (< 400/microL) than in patients at earlier stages (> 400 CD4 cells/microL). However, phenotypic analysis disclosed that apoptotic lymphocytes generated in these cultures were mostly CD8+ T cells and CD19+ B cells. Thus, in contrast to what has been previously suggested, the phenomenon of in vitro lymphocyte apoptosis might not be pathogenetically related to the depletion of CD4+ T cells in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Nevertheless, it might represent an useful marker of disease progression. Our assay allows the analysis of unfractionated peripheral blood leukocytes and thus the identification of apoptotic lymphocytes circulating in vivo. Apoptotic lymphocytes could indeed be detected in the circulation of a patient with cancer shortly after high-dose cytotoxic chemotherapy. By contrast, no apoptotic lymphocytes could be detected in vivo in patients with early or advanced HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carbonari
- Department of Clinical Immunology, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy
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25
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Musiani P, Modesti A, Brunetti M, Modica A, Vitullo P, Gulino A, Bosco MC, Colombo MP, Nanni P, Cavallo F. Nature and potential of the reactive response to mouse mammary adenocarcinoma cells engineered with interleukin-2, interleukin-4 or interferon-gamma genes. Nat Immun 1994; 13:93-101. [PMID: 8173240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A spontaneous mammary adenocarcinoma of BALB/c mice was transduced with the murine interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, and interferon (IFN)-gamma genes. The ability of clones releasing IL-2, IL-4 or IFN-gamma to form tumors after s.c. challenge was compared to the TS/A parental cells (TS/A-pc) and to cells transduced with the neomycin resistance gene alone. Cytokine-gene-transduced clones activated a strong inflammatory reaction. The elicited by IL-2 and IL-4-gene-transduced cells efficiently led to tumor rejection. This reaction depended on the activation of several cell mechanisms, those classed as nonspecific being predominant. The repertoire of reactive leukocytes recruited in the reaction varies as a function of the secreted cytokine. The growth of a secondary contralateral TS/A-pc challenge after clone rejection was significantly impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Musiani
- Institute of Experimental Pathology and Social Medicine, University of Chieti, Italy
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26
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Gaetano C, Melchiori A, Albini A, Benelli R, Falcioni R, Modesti A, Modica A, Scarpa S, Sacchi A. Retinoic acid negatively regulates beta 4 integrin expression and suppresses the malignant phenotype in a Lewis lung carcinoma cell line. Clin Exp Metastasis 1994; 12:63-72. [PMID: 8287622 DOI: 10.1007/bf01784335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) is a potent inhibitor of the malignant phenotype and of tumour cell growth. We observed that in vitro RA treatment of a highly metastatic lung carcinoma cell line (C87) induced a marked reduction in the amount of the beta 4 integrin subunit. The downregulation of this adhesion molecule was assessed by immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, and northern analysis. In order to investigate the effects of RA on the malignant phenotype in C87 cells we performed morphological and functional analysis after RA treatment. We found that RA was able to produce marked changes in C87 cell shape, increasing the number of flat cells (90% of the total cell population), and significantly inhibiting the malignant and invasive phenotype of C87 cells. RA treatment suppressed their clonogenic potential in soft agar (control, 20 +/- 5; RA, 0), and strongly reduced their chemotactic and chemoinvasive capacity (chemotaxis: control, 231 +/- 5; RA, 28 +/- 0; chemoinvasion: control, 132 +/- 11; RA = 2 +/- 1). FACS analysis and cell count, however, indicated that RA reduced the growth of C87 cells only partially. After 72 h of treatment we observed only a 10% reduction in the S phase fraction of the cell population. Finally, the reduced lung colony-forming ability, observed after i.v. injection of RA-treated cells (lung foci/animal: RA-treated cells, 1 +/- 0.1; untreated, 8.5 +/- 0.8), further supports the conclusion that in this murine lung carcinoma cell line a marked reduction in the expression of the beta 4 integrin subunit is associated with a marked inhibition of the malignant phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gaetano
- Laboratorio di Oncogenesi Molecolare, Istituto Regina Elena, Roma, Italy
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27
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Modesti A, Masuelli L, Modica A, D'Orazi G, Scarpa S, Bosco MC, Forni G. Ultrastructural evidence of the mechanisms responsible for interleukin-4-activated rejection of a spontaneous murine adenocarcinoma. Int J Cancer 1993; 53:988-93. [PMID: 8473057 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.2910530622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The ultrastructural pattern of the anti-tumor response elicited by interleukin-4 (IL-4) was investigated by using a spontaneous mammary adenocarcinoma (TS/A) unable to elicit protective immunity in syngeneic BALB/c mice as suggested by a variety of preimmunization-challenge experiments. A subcutaneous lethal challenge of TS/A tumor cells was inhibited in a significant number of BALB/c mice receiving recombinant murine IL-4 injected daily for 10 days around the tumor-draining lymph node. Tumor rejection was mainly the result of direct membrane and cytoplasmic damage to tumor cells by eosinophils, neutrophils and macrophages that deeply penetrated the proliferating tumor mass. Lymphocytes and fibroblasts participated in the reaction by interacting with tumor cells, granulocytes and each other. The most frequent cell interactions in the peri- and intra-tumoral areas and in the tumor-draining lymph nodes are illustrated. The efficiency with which the IL-4-activated reaction leads to tumor inhibition and induction of a T-lymphocyte-dependent tumor-specific immune memory appears to depend on interactions between distinct leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Modesti
- Chair of General Pathology, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
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28
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Fierro B, Raimondo D, Modica A. F-wave study at different stimulation rates in upper motoneurone lesions. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol 1993; 33:27-31. [PMID: 8436081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
F-wave duration, amplitude and persistence at different frequencies of the antidromic impulse (0.2-0.5-1-2 Hz) were determined in 18 patients with vascular hemiplegia and in 32 healthy subjects of both sexes in the same age range. In normal subjects F amplitude and persistence showed a significant increase as the stimulation rate increased; in spastic patients a small difference in F amplitude was only found for greater difference in stimulus frequencies, the persistence did not significantly changed at different stimulation rates. Individual cross-correlation values (r) obtained for latency and duration, latency and amplitude, amplitude and duration did not show significant changes at different stimulation rates in patients and in controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fierro
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Palermo, Italy
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29
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Cardelli P, Barlattani A, Scarpa S, Modica A, Rubinacci G, Modesti A. [Extracellular matrix in gingival fibroblasts]. Dent Cadmos 1991; 59:72-5. [PMID: 1778280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Primary cultures of human gingival fibroblasts from patients of different age have been established. Histotype characterization has been confirmed by ultrastructural morphology and by the positivity of intermediate filament vimentin. Extracellular matrix expression has been analyzed by immunocitochemistry. Our data demonstrate that the extracellular matrix of human gingival fibroblasts is composed of type IV collagen, other than fibronectin and type I-III collagens.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cardelli
- Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza"
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30
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Fierro B, Raimondo D, Modica A. F-wave study at different stimulation rates. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol 1991; 31:357-60. [PMID: 1935759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In 50 ulnar nerves of healthy subjects, F-wave latency, duration, amplitude and persistence were determined at different frequencies of the antidromic impulse (0.2-0.5-1-2 Hz). The F amplitude and persistence were found significantly increased at higher stimulation rates, suggesting that the frequency of the antidromic impulse influences the motoneuron pool discharges. Individual cross-correlation values (r) obtained for latency and duration, latency and amplitude, amplitude and duration did not show any significant changes at different stimulation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fierro
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Palermo, Italy
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31
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Abstract
There is evidence from several laboratories of an increased prevalence of circulating immuno-complexes (CIC) in diabetic patients. It has also been suggested that CIC are pathogenetically related to chronic diabetic complications. The aim of this study was to assess peripheral nerve function in children with Type 1 diabetes and to evaluate the relationship between the neurophysiological abnormalities and the possible presence of CIC. The investigation was carried out in 25 Type 1 diabetic patients ranging in age from 7-19 years and in 20 normal controls. Neurophysiological assessment was performed to evaluate motor and sensory conduction velocity on median and tibial nerves. IgG-CIC were detected by the solid-phase C1q-binding and anti-C3 enzyme immuno-assay. The results of this study showed a greater slowing of median motor and sensory and tibial sensory conduction velocities in patients with CIC with respect to the patients without CIC, suggesting a possible role of immunological factors in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fierro
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Palermo, Italy
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32
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Santulli A, Cusenza L, Modica A, Curatolo A, D'Amelio V. Fish plasma lipoproteins--comparative observations in serranides and sparides. Comp Biochem Physiol B 1991; 99:251-5. [PMID: 1764905 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(91)90036-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
1. Diet, time from last feeding, temperature, season and sexual stage are some of the factors influencing the lipoprotein pattern. 2. Keeping these factors constant species-specific differences observed among lipoprotein patterns of Sparus aurata, Puntazzo puntazzo, Diplodus sargus, Diplodus vulgaris and Dicentrarchus labrax are discussed. 3. Feeding habits and therefore lipid absorption and the rate of lipoprotein maturation process are the factors determining the observed differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Santulli
- Institute Marine Biology, Libera Università del Mediterraneo, Trapani, Italy
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33
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Fierro B, Raimondo D, Modica A. F-response assessment in healthy control subjects. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol 1990; 30:501-8. [PMID: 2286176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Various parameters of the F-response (latencies, chronodispersion, amplitude, duration, shape, persistence) were investigated in ulnar and tibial nerves of 50 healthy subjects of both sexes, aged between 16 to 79 years. The observations were made bilaterally and the results revealed no significant differences in any of the F-parameters by comparing side to side. The relationships between each neurophysiological F-response data and limb length, age and sex of control subjects were determined. Correlations of high statistical significance were found between minimum F-latency and limb length as well as between absolute and F%/M-amplitude and age. Cross-correlation coefficients correlating mean individual values of latency-duration, latency-amplitude and amplitude-duration did not show any significant relationship between latency, amplitude and duration in normal subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fierro
- Neurological Clinic, University of Palermo, Italy
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34
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Abstract
The F response can provide a measure of motoneurone excitability (MNE) and so it may be used to investigate upper motoneurone disorders. This report studies the F-wave configuration in patients with stroke to evaluate the changes of the central excitability of the motoneurones at different times after an acute cerebral insult. Various parameters of the F response, including amplitude (absolute and F%/M), duration, and persistence have been determined in 26 patients with unilateral hemiplegia and in 32 healthy subjects of both sexes in the same age range. The investigation was carried out applying a series of 20 supramaximal stimuli at 0.5 Hz on tibial and ulnar nerves bilaterally. In all patients a detailed clinical examination and a CT scan were performed. Our results indicate that an initial stage of reduced spinal motoneuron excitability evidenced by a decreased F amplitude and persistence was present in the early phases after a stroke, followed within 90 days by an enhanced MNE. Moreover, F-wave amplitude shows a positive correlation with weakness and increased tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fierro
- Neurology Clinic, University of Palermo, Italy
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35
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Abstract
The role of metabolic abnormalities in the development of diabetic neuropathy is controversial. To investigate the peripheral nerve function and the influence of hyperglycemia on nerve conduction in insulin-dependent diabetes, a one-year neurophysiological study was carried out in 30 type 1 diabetic patients ranging in age from 2-16 years. During the 12-month follow-up period the glycosylated hemoglobin determination, motor conduction velocity of the peroneal nerve and the motor and sensory conduction of the tibial nerve were assessed 3 times, at the beginning of the study and every 6 months thereafter. The sensory latency was found significantly delayed in these patients as compared with the controls. The degree of sensory conduction slowing correlated well with the glycosylated hemoglobin concentrations and improved with the reduction in hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Meli
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Palermo, Italy
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36
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Ferrara P, Modica A, Adelfio M, Sallì L, Pappalardo A. [Audio-vestibular changes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis]. Minerva Med 1988; 79:1043-7. [PMID: 3264891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A functional audio-vestibular investigation based on impedance metric techniques and electronystagmography was carried out in a group of patients with "classical" rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and with treated or untreated "definite" RA in various stages. Data obtained from these patients were compared with those obtained from a control group. Significant hypoacusis of the transmissive type was found in initial stages of RA while sensorineural or mixed type hypoacusis was found in later stages of RA. Significant vestibular alterations of the central type suggesting supratentorial involvement were found in several cases independently of the stage of RA and of the age of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ferrara
- Univesità degli Studi di Palermo, Clinica Otorinolaringoiatrica
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37
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Fierro B, Raimondo D, D'Arpa A, Santangelo R, Castiglione MG, Modica A. The application of F wave measurements in hepatic patients. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1988; 70:442-6. [PMID: 2460317 DOI: 10.1016/0013-4694(88)90021-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The ulnar and tibial nerve F response latencies were analyzed to study the proximal motor conduction velocity in 15 patients with liver disease. The results were compared with those obtained from 15 normal subjects. The tibial MNCV (P less than 0.01) and FWCV from spinal cord to elbow and knee for ulnar and tibial nerves (P less than 0.001) were significantly reduced in patients compared to the controls. Minimum, mean and maximum F latencies showed significant differences for ulnar (P less than 0.001) and tibial (P less than 0.01) nerves in patients with respect to the controls. The mean F determination compared to the minimum F and delta F did not improve disease identification. The conduction abnormality in hepatic patients appeared to be present only in the proximal segment of the ulnar nerve, whereas it was more uniformly distributed along the entire length of the tibial nerve. This demonstrates that the peripheral nerve involvement in hepatic disease is more diffusely present than can be determined by conventional conduction study only.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fierro
- Neurological Clinic, University of Palermo, Italy
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38
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Fierro B, Modica A, D'Arpa A, Santangelo R, Raimondo D. [Clinical application of the F-wave in various pathological conditions of the peripheral nervous system]. Riv Neurol 1988; 58:116-20. [PMID: 2845561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Using the latencies of M response and F-wave, motor nerve conduction was assessed along the entire course of the nerves in various diseases occurring at different levels of the peripheral nervous system. Idiopathic polyneuritis, motor neuron disease, radiculopathies and carpal tunnel syndrome were studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fierro
- Clinica Neurologica, Università, Palermo
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39
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Fierro B, Modica A, D'Arpa A, Santangelo R, Raimondo D. Analysis of F-wave in metabolic neuropathies: a comparative study in uremic and diabetic patients. Acta Neurol Scand 1987; 75:179-85. [PMID: 3033975 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb07914.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Motor nerve conduction study along the entire length of the ulnar and tibialis posterior nerves was carried out in 30 diabetics compared with 30 uremic patients and 30 control subjects. The conduction in the proximal and the distal nerve segments was evaluated by the determination of the M and F latencies, MNCV (between the stimulus sites), FWCV (between the spinal cord and the stimulus sites), and F-ratio (conduction time ratio of proximal to distal segment). In both groups of patients the lower limbs appear much more involved than the upper, where the ulnar nerve is more commonly affected in uremic than in diabetic patients. In diabetic neuropathy the motor conduction abnormalities are diffuse over the total length of the nerve, but more marked distally in the ulnar nerve.
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40
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Parisi R, Calandra C, Modica A, Ammatuna A. [The professional identity crisis of the psychiatrist]. Minerva Psichiatr 1986; 27:287-91. [PMID: 3561229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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41
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Fierro B, Modica A, D'Arpa A, Santangelo R, Raimondo D. [The F-wave in uremic neuropathy]. Acta Neurol (Napoli) 1986; 8:404-11. [PMID: 3022562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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42
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Abstract
Motor nerve conduction along the entire length of ulnar and tibialis posterior nerves was studied in 30 uraemic patients and in 20 control subjects. The M and F latencies, MNCV (between the stimulus sites), FWCV (between the spinal cord and the stimulus sites) and F-ratio (conduction time ratio of proximal to distal segment) were assessed to evaluate the conduction in the proximal versus the distal nerve segment. In the uraemic patients, the slowing of nerve conduction involved both segments of the tested nerves to the same extent. In fact, the F-ratio did not show any significant difference between the two groups; in only one patient was its value lower than the normal limit in the tibialis posterior nerve.
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43
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Zanella A, Oneglia C, Modica A, Furlani C, Bertello PD, Cravetto C, Ricco G. Functional properties of the whole blood in a carrier of Hb-Atlanta: beta 75 (E-19) Leu-Pro. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1984; 60:657-63. [PMID: 6712835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The Authors illustrate the main functional parameters of the whole blood in a heterozygous carrier of the unstable Hb-Atlanta. The most important results are represented by a right-shifted P50, by a lowered value of n and by an almost normal pH-depending Bohr effect. It is very likely that the first report depends on the relative Hb-A deficiency, whereas the second one could be due to the presence of the unstable Hb. Moreover, the linkage between this latter and DPG would be present.
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44
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Oneglia C, Fabris C, Marchisio U, Modica A, Rossi CM, Ricco G. The oxygen affinity of normal human whole blood measured by double tonometry. II. pH-depending Bohr effect and DPG. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1984; 60:429-35. [PMID: 6712805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Following another preliminary work on the whole blood oxygen affinity, the Authors have found in this occasion normal values of the pH-depending Bohr effect in healthy subjects of both sexes and different age. Furthermore, the Hb decreasing causes in these cases also a P50 increasing which is mediated by raised DPG levels. However, while in the anemias this effect is constant, many exceptions have been found in physiological conditions. Since these ones have been mainly detected at the maximal DPG levels, the phosphate could modify the affinity not only as allosteric effector, but also by acting on pH and related equilibria as non diffusible free anion. These interferences are difficult to be calculated and often could disturb notably a correct use of the common mathematical model which describes the oxygenation.
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45
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Oneglia C, Fabris C, Modica A, Rossi CM, Bigo P, Ricco G. The oxygen affinity of normal human whole blood measured by double tonometry. I. P50 and n factor. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1984; 60:421-7. [PMID: 6712804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The Authors refer that the oxygen affinity, determined by double tonometry, in normal adult whole blood, is mainly expressed by a P50 of 26.13 +/- 4.31% and by an n factor of 2.63 +/- 6.63%. These results are in good agreement with those reported in the literature, but here are some doubts that pO2 and SO2 alone, i.e. the data drawn from all the tonometric procedures, can give a full idea of the affinity. In fact, this one is a complicate process, modulated by a number of allosteric effectors. Most of them, like pH, temperature and pCO2 can be always kept at a fixed standard level, whereas DPG, the main one, cannot.
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46
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Barbui T, Capaldi A, Trento M, Rabino-Massa E, Decrescenzo A, Modica A, Rege-Cambrin G, Ricco G. Association between Hb O Padova [alpha 30 (B 11) Glu leads to Lys] and Rendu-Osler disease. Panminerva Med 1983; 25:31-5. [PMID: 6866546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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47
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Sartori ML, Resegotti L, Amè C, Capaldi A, Trento M, Lecchi M, Modica A, Rabino-Massa E, Ricco G. Chronic drug induced sulphaemoglobinaemia simulating a Hb M disease. Panminerva Med 1981; 23:193-8. [PMID: 7335370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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48
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Martino P, Modica A, Pizzuti A. [Prostaglandins and peptic ulcer disease]. Minerva Med 1980; 71:2199-204. [PMID: 6252518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The action of prostaglandins with regard to ulcers is made clear by their inhibition of gastric secretion, on the one hand, and their so-called cytoprotective effect, on the other. Experimental data are used in a summary of the explanations offered of the mechanisms underlying these two effects. In addition, attentions is directed to the possible rôle of the prostaglandins in gastric physiology, and hence in the physiopathology of ulcers. The therapeutic results obtained with prostaglandins in the management of gastroduodenal ulcer offer firm grounds for supposing that further developments will take place in the clinical field.
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49
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Martino P, Modica A, Mariani M, Pizzuti A. [Effect of prostaglandins on the cardiovascular system]. Arch Sci Med (Torino) 1980; 137:205-10. [PMID: 7224841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Ever since the effect of prostaglandins on vasal tone and cardiac function was discovered, an impressive series of studies has been conducted on their relations with the cardiovascular system. These studies have been extended to the prostaglandin system compounds discovered in more recent times. Of these, particular importance is being attached to prostacycline, though to be implicated in the physiological control of platelet clumping and also in that of renin secretion. Further investigation of the part played by prostacycline and other prostaglandins in cardiovascular disease has given unusually promising interim results.
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50
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Modica A, Gabasio S, Cattaneo RG, Zardo L. [Use of amiodarone in cardiac arrhythmias]. Clin Ter 1975; 74:457-70. [PMID: 776500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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