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Yadav PD, Sahay RR, Agrawal S, Shete A, Adsul B, Tripathy S, Nyayanit DA, Manrai M, Patil DY, Kumar S, Marwah V, Sapkal GN, Shastri J, Viswanathan R, Pandit P, Mishra Y, Chavan S, Joshi Y, Kumar TA, Majumdar T, Kumar A, Patil S, Munshi R, Desai U, Kaushal H, Suryawanshi A, Dudhmal M, Gawande P, Jain R, Waghmare A, Kalele K, Vedpathak P, Yemul J, Bodke P, Kore T, Kakrani AL, Athavale P, Suryawanshi P, Patsute S, Padbidri V, Awate P, Abraham P. Clinical, immunological and genomic analysis of the post vaccinated SARS-CoV-2 infected cases with Delta derivatives from Maharashtra, India, 2021. J Infect 2022; 85:e26-e29. [PMID: 35398410 PMCID: PMC8990527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pragya D Yadav
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India.
| | - Rima R Sahay
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Sachee Agrawal
- Kasturba Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anita Shete
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | | | - Srikanth Tripathy
- Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dimpal A Nyayanit
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Manish Manrai
- Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Deepak Y Patil
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Command Hospital (South Command), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vikas Marwah
- Army Institute of Cardio Thoracic Sciences, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gajanan N Sapkal
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Jayanthi Shastri
- Kasturba Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | | | | | - Smita Chavan
- Seven Hills Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Yash Joshi
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - T Ajai Kumar
- Army Institute of Cardio Thoracic Sciences, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Triparna Majumdar
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Abhinendra Kumar
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Savita Patil
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Renuka Munshi
- Kasturba Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Unnati Desai
- Kasturba Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Himanshu Kaushal
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | | | - Manisha Dudhmal
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Pranita Gawande
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Rajlaxmi Jain
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Ashwini Waghmare
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Kaumudi Kalele
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Pratiksha Vedpathak
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Jyoti Yemul
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Poonam Bodke
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Tejashri Kore
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - A L Kakrani
- Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prachi Athavale
- Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Poonam Suryawanshi
- Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sudhir Patsute
- Naidu Infectious Diseases Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vikram Padbidri
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pradip Awate
- State Surveillance Officer, Integrated Disease Surveillance program, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Priya Abraham
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
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Yadav PD, Sahay RR, Balakrishnan A, Mohandas S, Radhakrishnan C, Gokhale MD, Balasubramanian R, Abraham P, Gupta N, Sugunan AP, Khobragade R, George K, Shete A, Patil S, Thankappan UP, Dighe H, Koshy J, Vijay V, Gayathri R, Kumar PJ, Rahim A, Naveen A, Nair S, Rajendran VR, Jayasree V, Majumdar T, Jain R, Viswanathan P, Patil DY, Kumar A, Nyayanit DA, Sarkale P, Waghmare A, Baradkar S, Gawande P, Bodke P, Kalele K, Yemul J, Dhaigude S, Holepannawar M, Gopale S, Chopade G, Ray S, Waghmare P, Narayan J, Mathapati B, Kadam M, Kumar A, Suryawanshi A, Jose BP, Sivadas S, Akash NP, Vimisha TV, Keerthi KV. Nipah Virus Outbreak in Kerala State, India Amidst of COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Public Health 2022; 10:818545. [PMID: 35252095 PMCID: PMC8891450 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.818545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here a Nipah virus (NiV) outbreak in Kozhikode district of Kerala state, India, which had caused fatal encephalitis in a 12-year-old boy and the outbreak response, which led to the successful containment of the disease and the related investigations. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR, ELISA-based antibody detection, and whole genome sequencing (WGS) were performed to confirm the NiV infection. Contacts of the index case were traced and isolated based on risk categorization. Bats from the areas near the epicenter of the outbreak were sampled for throat swabs, rectal swabs, and blood samples for NiV screening by real-time RT-PCR and anti-NiV bat immunoglobulin G (IgG) ELISA. A plaque reduction neutralization test was performed for the detection of neutralizing antibodies. Nipah viral RNA could be detected from blood, bronchial wash, endotracheal (ET) secretion, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and anti-NiV immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies from the serum sample of the index case. Rapid establishment of an onsite NiV diagnostic facility and contact tracing helped in quick containment of the outbreak. NiV sequences retrieved from the clinical specimen of the index case formed a sub-cluster with the earlier reported Nipah I genotype sequences from India with more than 95% similarity. Anti-NiV IgG positivity could be detected in 21% of Pteropus medius (P. medius) and 37.73% of Rousettus leschenaultia (R. leschenaultia). Neutralizing antibodies against NiV could be detected in P. medius. Stringent surveillance and awareness campaigns need to be implemented in the area to reduce human-bat interactions and minimize spillover events, which can lead to sporadic outbreaks of NiV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya D. Yadav
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
- *Correspondence: Pragya D. Yadav
| | - Rima R. Sahay
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Anukumar Balakrishnan
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Kerala Unit, Alappuzha, India
| | | | | | - Mangesh D. Gokhale
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - R. Balasubramanian
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Kerala Unit, Alappuzha, India
| | - Priya Abraham
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Nivedita Gupta
- Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases Division, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - A. P. Sugunan
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Kerala Unit, Alappuzha, India
| | - Rajan Khobragade
- Health and Family Welfare Department, Government of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Kalpana George
- Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, India
| | - Anita Shete
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Savita Patil
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | | | - Hitesh Dighe
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Jijo Koshy
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Kerala Unit, Alappuzha, India
| | - Vivek Vijay
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Kerala Unit, Alappuzha, India
| | - R. Gayathri
- Department of Medicine, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, India
| | - P. Jayesh Kumar
- Department of Medicine, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, India
| | - Asma Rahim
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, India
| | - A. Naveen
- National Health Mission, Kozhikode, India
| | | | | | - V. Jayasree
- District Medical Office of Health, Health Department, Kozhikode, India
| | - Triparna Majumdar
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Rajlaxmi Jain
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | | | - Deepak Y. Patil
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Abhinendra Kumar
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Dimpal A. Nyayanit
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Prasad Sarkale
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Ashwini Waghmare
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Shrikant Baradkar
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Pranita Gawande
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Poonam Bodke
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Kaumudi Kalele
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Jyoti Yemul
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Sachin Dhaigude
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | | | - Sanjay Gopale
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Ganesh Chopade
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Shilpa Ray
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Priyanka Waghmare
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Jitendra Narayan
- Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases Division, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Basavaraj Mathapati
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Manoj Kadam
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | - Abhimanyu Kumar
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
| | | | | | - Saritha Sivadas
- Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, India
| | - N. P. Akash
- Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, India
| | - T. V. Vimisha
- Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, India
| | - K. V. Keerthi
- Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, India
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Majumdar T, Shete A, Yadav P, Patil S, Mali D, Waghmare A, Gawande P. Point of care real-time polymerase chain reaction-based diagnostic for Kyasanur forest disease. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 108:226-230. [PMID: 34023493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Due to the remote forest area locations of sporadic cases and outbreaks of Kyasanur forest disease (KFD), rapid diagnosis poses a significant challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of Truenat KFD, a simple, rapid and user-friendly point-of-care test for detection of KFD and compare diagnostic accuracy with conventional real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing. Truenat KFD can be deployed in a field laboratory setting. METHODS The study involved 145 clinical specimens, including human serum, monkey necropsy tissues and tick pool, to validate Truenat KFD (Molbio Diagnostics Pvt.Ltd.) for KFD diagnosis. RESULTS We have optimized and validated the microchip-based Truenat KFD (Molbio Diagnostics Pvt.Ltd.) for KFD diagnosis. Point-of-care testing was highly sensitive and specific, with a detection limit of up to 10 copies of KFD viral RNA. Results were comparable with the gold-standard TaqMan and commercially available Altona RealStar AHFV / KFDV real-time RT-PCR assays. Screening results for human, monkey and tick specimens were 100% concordant across the assays. CONCLUSION Truenat KFD(Molbio Diagnostics Pvt.Ltd.) was found to be highly sensitive and specific with a significant limit of detection. This point-of-care test would be useful in rapid diagnosis of KFD in remote and/or field settings, quick patient management and control of virus spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triparna Majumdar
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411021 India
| | - Anita Shete
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411021 India
| | - Pragya Yadav
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411021 India.
| | - Savita Patil
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411021 India
| | - Deepak Mali
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411021 India
| | - Ashwini Waghmare
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411021 India
| | - Pranita Gawande
- ICMR-National Institute of Virology, 20-A, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411021 India
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