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Champigneulle B, Stauffer E, Robach P, Doutreleau S, Howe CA, Pina A, Salazar-Granara AA, Hancco I, Guergour D, Brugniaux JV, Connes P, Pichon A, Verges S. Early effects of acetazolamide on hemoglobin mass and plasma volume in chronic mountain sickness at 5100 m. Pulmonology 2023:S2531-0437(23)00095-8. [PMID: 37263861 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Chronic Mountain Sickness (CMS) syndrome, combining excessive erythrocytosis and clinical symptoms in highlanders, remains a public health concern in high-altitude areas, especially in the Andes, with limited therapeutic approaches. The objectives of this study were to assess in CMS-highlanders permanently living in La Rinconada (5100-5300 m, Peru, the highest city in the world), the early efficacy of acetazolamide (ACZ) and atorvastatin to reduce hematocrit (Hct), as well as the underlying mechanisms focusing on intravascular volumes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-one males (46±8 years of age) permanently living in La Rinconada for 15 [10-20] years and suffering from CMS were randomized between ACZ (250 mg once-daily; N = 13), atorvastatin (20 mg once-daily; N = 14) or placebo (N = 14) uptake in a double-blinded parallel study. Hematocrit (primary endpoint) as well as arterial blood gasses, total hemoglobin mass (Hbmass) and intravascular volumes were assessed at baseline and after a mean (±SD) treatment duration of 19±2 days. RESULTS ACZ increased PaO2 by +13.4% (95% CI: 4.3 to 22.5%) and decreased Hct by -5.2% (95% CI: -8.3 to -2.2%), whereas Hct remained unchanged with placebo or atorvastatin. ACZ tended to decrease Hbmass (-2.6%, 95% CI: -5.7 to 0.5%), decreased total red blood cell volume (RBCV, -5.3%, 95% CI: -10.3 to -0.3%) and increased plasma volume (PV, +17.6%, 95% CI: 4.9 to 30.3%). Atorvastatin had no effect on intravascular volumes, while Hbmass and RBCV increased in the placebo group (+6.1%, 95% CI: 4.2 to 7.9% and +7.0%, 95%CI: 2.7 to 11.4%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Short-term ACZ uptake was effective to reduce Hct in CMS-highlanders living at extreme altitude >5,000 m and was associated with both an increase in PV and a reduction in RBCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Champigneulle
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CHU Grenoble Alpes, HP2, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - E Stauffer
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) EA7424, Team "Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell", Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence du Globule Rouge (Labex GR-Ex), PRES Sorbonne, Paris, France; Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, Médecine du Sport et de l'Activité Physique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Croix Rousse, Lyon, France
| | - P Robach
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CHU Grenoble Alpes, HP2, 38000 Grenoble, France; National School for Mountain Sports, Site of the National School for Skiing and Mountaineering (ENSA), Chamonix, France
| | - S Doutreleau
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CHU Grenoble Alpes, HP2, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - C A Howe
- Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada
| | - A Pina
- Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, S. Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - A A Salazar-Granara
- Universidad de San Martin de Porres, School of Medicine, Research Centre in Altitude Medicine, Lima, Peru
| | - I Hancco
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CHU Grenoble Alpes, HP2, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - D Guergour
- Unité Biochimie Immunoanalyse, Service de Biochimie Biologie Moléculaire et Toxicologie Environnementale, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, France
| | - J V Brugniaux
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CHU Grenoble Alpes, HP2, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - P Connes
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM) EA7424, Team "Vascular Biology and Red Blood Cell", Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence du Globule Rouge (Labex GR-Ex), PRES Sorbonne, Paris, France
| | - A Pichon
- Laboratoire Move EA 6314, Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Universit. De Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - S Verges
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CHU Grenoble Alpes, HP2, 38000 Grenoble, France
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Woorons X, Dupuy O, Mucci P, Millet GP, Pichon A. Cerebral and Muscle Oxygenation during Repeated Shuttle Run Sprints with Hypoventilation. Int J Sports Med 2019; 40:376-384. [PMID: 30900226 DOI: 10.1055/a-0836-9011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Ten highly-trained Jiu-Jitsu fighters performed 2 repeated-sprint sessions, each including 2 sets of 8 x ~6 s back-and-forth running sprints on a tatami. One session was carried out with normal breathing (RSN) and the other with voluntary hypoventilation at low lung volume (RSH-VHL). Prefrontal and vastus lateralis muscle oxyhemoglobin ([O2Hb]) and deoxyhemoglobin ([HHb]) were monitored by near-infrared spectroscopy. Arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate (HR), gas exchange and maximal blood lactate concentration ([La]max) were also assessed. SpO2 was significantly lower in RSH-VHL than in RSN whereas there was no difference in HR. Muscle oxygenation was not different between conditions during the entire exercise. On the other hand, in RSH-VHL, cerebral oxygenation was significantly lower than in RSN (-6.1±5.4 vs-1.5±6.6 µm). Oxygen uptake was also higher during the recovery periods whereas [La]max tended to be lower in RSH-VHL. The time of the sprints was not different between conditions. This study shows that repeated shuttle-run sprints with VHL has a limited impact on muscle deoxygenation but induces a greater fall in cerebral oxygenation compared with normal breathing conditions. Despite this phenomenon, performance is not impaired, probably because of a higher oxygen uptake during the recovery periods following sprints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Woorons
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France.,ARPEH, Association pour la Recherche et la Promotion de l'Entraînement en Hypoventilation, 18 Rue Saint Gabriel 59800 Lille, France
| | - Olivier Dupuy
- Université de Poitiers. Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Laboratoire Move, EA 6314, Poitiers, France
| | - Patrick Mucci
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, EA 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Gregoire P Millet
- ISSUL, Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Building Synathlon, Campus Dorigny 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurelien Pichon
- Université de Poitiers. Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Laboratoire Move, EA 6314, Poitiers, France
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Robach P, Hansen J, Pichon A, Meinild Lundby AK, Dandanell S, Slettaløkken Falch G, Hammarström D, Pesta DH, Siebenmann C, Keiser S, Kérivel P, Whist JE, Rønnestad BR, Lundby C. Hypobaric live high-train low does not improve aerobic performance more than live low-train low in cross-country skiers. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28:1636-1652. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.13075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Robach
- Ecole Nationale des Sports de Montagne; site de l'Ecole Nationale de Ski et d'Alpinisme; Chamonix France
- HP2, Université Grenoble Alpes; Grenoble France
| | - J. Hansen
- Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences; Lillehammer Norway
| | - A. Pichon
- Laboratory Mobility, Aging & Exercise (MOVE) - EA 6314; Faculty of Sport Sciences; University of Poitiers; Poitiers France
| | - A.-K. Meinild Lundby
- The Centre for Physical Activity Research; University Hospital of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - S. Dandanell
- Center for Healthy Aging; Department of Biomedical Sciences; XLab; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department for Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy; Metropolitan University College; Copenhagen Denmark
| | | | - D. Hammarström
- Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences; Lillehammer Norway
| | - D. H. Pesta
- Department of Sport Science; Faculty for Sports Science and Psychology; University of Innsbruck; Innsbruck Austria
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, and Thoracic Surgery; D. Swarovski Research Laboratory; Medical University of Innsbruck; Innsbruck Austria
| | - C. Siebenmann
- The Centre for Physical Activity Research; University Hospital of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - S. Keiser
- Institute of Physiology; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
| | - P. Kérivel
- Ecole Nationale des Sports de Montagne; site de l'Ecole Nationale de Ski et d'Alpinisme; Chamonix France
| | - J. E. Whist
- Innlandet Hospital Trust; Lillehammer Norway
| | - B. R. Rønnestad
- Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences; Lillehammer Norway
| | - C. Lundby
- The Centre for Physical Activity Research; University Hospital of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
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Modestine JRD, Neuzillet Y, Herve J, Bohin D, Lugagne P, Saporta F, Pichon A, Bosset P, Radulescu C, Lebret T. Évolution des indications de la prostatectomie radicale au cours des dix dernières années. Prog Urol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2017.07.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Pichon A, Neuzillet Y, Slaoui H, Radulescu C, Molinié V, Raynaud J, Botto H, Lebret T. Validation d’un nouveau modèle de classification histologique du cancer de prostate. Prog Urol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2016.07.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Charlot K, Pichon A, Chapelot D. Effets de l’entraînement à jeun sur la V˙O2max, l’oxydation des lipides et la performance aérobie chez des jeunes hommes modérément entraînés. Sci Sports 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Perrin-Terrin AS, Jeton F, Pichon A, Frugière A, Richalet JP, Bodineau L, Voituron N. The c-FOS Protein Immunohistological Detection: A Useful Tool As a Marker of Central Pathways Involved in Specific Physiological Responses In Vivo and Ex Vivo. J Vis Exp 2016:53613. [PMID: 27167092 PMCID: PMC4941991 DOI: 10.3791/53613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies seek to identify and map the brain regions involved in specific physiological regulations. The proto-oncogene c-fos, an immediate early gene, is expressed in neurons in response to various stimuli. The protein product can be readily detected with immunohistochemical techniques leading to the use of c-FOS detection to map groups of neurons that display changes in their activity. In this article, we focused on the identification of brainstem neuronal populations involved in the ventilatory adaptation to hypoxia or hypercapnia. Two approaches were described to identify involved neuronal populations in vivo in animals and ex vivo in deafferented brainstem preparations. In vivo, animals were exposed to hypercapnic or hypoxic gas mixtures. Ex vivo, deafferented preparations were superfused with hypoxic or hypercapnic artificial cerebrospinal fluid. In both cases, either control in vivo animals or ex vivo preparations were maintained under normoxic and normocapnic conditions. The comparison of these two approaches allows the determination of the origin of the neuronal activation i.e., peripheral and/or central. In vivo and ex vivo, brainstems were collected, fixed, and sliced into sections. Once sections were prepared, immunohistochemical detection of the c-FOS protein was made in order to identify the brainstem groups of cells activated by hypoxic or hypercapnic stimulations. Labeled cells were counted in brainstem respiratory structures. In comparison to the control condition, hypoxia or hypercapnia increased the number of c-FOS labeled cells in several specific brainstem sites that are thus constitutive of the neuronal pathways involved in the adaptation of the central respiratory drive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Perrin-Terrin
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratory "Hypoxia & Lung" EA2363, University Paris 13; UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Sorbonne Universités
| | - Florine Jeton
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratory "Hypoxia & Lung" EA2363, University Paris 13; Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex
| | - Aurelien Pichon
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratory "Hypoxia & Lung" EA2363, University Paris 13; Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex; Laboratory MOVE (EA 6314), University of Poitiers
| | - Alain Frugière
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Sorbonne Universités
| | - Jean-Paul Richalet
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratory "Hypoxia & Lung" EA2363, University Paris 13; Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex
| | - Laurence Bodineau
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Sorbonne Universités
| | - Nicolas Voituron
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratory "Hypoxia & Lung" EA2363, University Paris 13; Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex;
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Neuzillet Y, Raynaud J, Pichon A, Ghoneim T, Lebret T, Radulescu C, Molinie V, Botto H. Effets opposés de l’hypogonadisme sur les caractéristiques histologiques et le devenir des cancers de la prostate localisés traités par prostatectomie radicale. Prog Urol 2015; 25:741. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2015.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Pichon A, Neuzillet Y, Botto H, Raynaud JP, Radulescu C, Molinié V, Herve JM, Lebret T. Preoperative low serum testosterone is associated with high-grade prostate cancer and an increased Gleason score upgrading. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2015; 18:382-7. [PMID: 26439747 DOI: 10.1038/pcan.2015.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare histological feature of prostate cancer (PCa) according androgenic status in patients who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP). METHODS Between March 2007 and September 2013, we prospectively analysed 937 patients who were referred to our centre for RP. Clinical, pathological and biological data have been prospectively collected. Preoperative total testosterone (TT) and bioavailable testosterone (BT) serum determinations were carried out. The threshold for low serum testosterone was set at TT<3 ng/ml. Preoperative PSA value was registered. Gleason score (GS) and predominant Gleason pattern were determined in prostate biopsies and in prostate tissue specimens, crosschecked by two uro-pathologists. RESULTS Nine hundred and thirty-seven consecutive patients were included. In all, 14.9% patients had low TT in the population. An exact match between biopsy and prostate specimens in GS grading was observed for 50.6% patients (n=474). Also, 40.9% of all patients were upgraded (n=383): 45.3% (n=63) in low serum testosterone patients and 40.1% (n=320) in normal serum testosterone patients. For prostate specimens, the proportion of patients with predominant Gleason pattern 4 was higher in patients with low TT compared with normal TT (41.7% vs 29.1%, P=0.0029). In all, 20.1% were upgraded from predominant Gleason pattern 3 on biopsies specimen to predominant Gleason 4 pattern on the prostate specimen in patients with low TT, whereas 11.6% were upgraded for normal TT patients (P=0.002). CONCLUSIONS Low serum testosterone is an independent risk factor for predominant Gleason pattern 4 on prostate specimen after RP and for upgrading from low- to high-grade cancer between prostate needle biopsies and RP specimen. This observation should be taken into account in localised PCa management, especially for active surveillance or when a nerve-sparing approach is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pichon
- Department of Urology, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Y Neuzillet
- Department of Urology, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - H Botto
- Department of Urology, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - J-P Raynaud
- Department of Physiology, University Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - C Radulescu
- Department of Pathology, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - V Molinié
- Department of Pathology, CHU de Fort-de-France, Fort-de-France, France
| | - J-M Herve
- Department of Urology, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - T Lebret
- Department of Urology, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
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Lévèque T, Faure B, Esnault FX, Delaroche C, Massonnet D, Grosjean O, Buffe F, Torresi P, Bomer T, Pichon A, Béraud P, Lelay JP, Thomin S, Laurent P. PHARAO laser source flight model: design and performances. Rev Sci Instrum 2015; 86:033104. [PMID: 25832208 DOI: 10.1063/1.4914025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we describe the design and the main performances of the PHARAO laser source flight model. PHARAO is a laser cooled cesium clock specially designed for operation in space and the laser source is one of the main sub-systems. The flight model presented in this work is the first remote-controlled laser system designed for spaceborne cold atom manipulation. The main challenges arise from mechanical compatibility with space constraints, which impose a high level of compactness, a low electric power consumption, a wide range of operating temperature, and a vacuum environment. We describe the main functions of the laser source and give an overview of the main technologies developed for this instrument. We present some results of the qualification process. The characteristics of the laser source flight model, and their impact on the clock performances, have been verified in operational conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lévèque
- Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 18 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - B Faure
- Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 18 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - F X Esnault
- Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 18 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - C Delaroche
- Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 18 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - D Massonnet
- Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 18 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - O Grosjean
- Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 18 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - F Buffe
- Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 18 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - P Torresi
- Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, 18 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - T Bomer
- Sodern, 20 Avenue Descartes, 94451 Limeil-Brévannes, France
| | - A Pichon
- Sodern, 20 Avenue Descartes, 94451 Limeil-Brévannes, France
| | - P Béraud
- Sodern, 20 Avenue Descartes, 94451 Limeil-Brévannes, France
| | - J P Lelay
- Sodern, 20 Avenue Descartes, 94451 Limeil-Brévannes, France
| | - S Thomin
- Sodern, 20 Avenue Descartes, 94451 Limeil-Brévannes, France
| | - Ph Laurent
- LNE-SYRTE, CNRS, UPMC, Observatoire de Paris, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France
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Siebenmann C, Rasmussen P, Sørensen H, Zaar M, Hvidtfeldt M, Pichon A, Secher NH, Lundby C. Cardiac output during exercise: A comparison of four methods. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2014; 25:e20-7. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.12201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Siebenmann
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology; Institute of Physiology; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
| | - P. Rasmussen
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology; Institute of Physiology; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
| | - H. Sørensen
- Department of Anesthesia; The Copenhagen Muscle Research Center; Rigshospitalet; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - M. Zaar
- Department of Anesthesia; The Copenhagen Muscle Research Center; Rigshospitalet; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - M. Hvidtfeldt
- Department of Anesthesia; The Copenhagen Muscle Research Center; Rigshospitalet; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - A. Pichon
- Laboratoire Réponses Cellulaires et Fonctionnelles à l'Hypoxie; Université Paris 13; Bobigny France
| | - N. H. Secher
- Department of Anesthesia; The Copenhagen Muscle Research Center; Rigshospitalet; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - C. Lundby
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology; Institute of Physiology; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
- Food & Nutrition & Sport Science; Gothenburg University; Gothenburg Sweden
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Pichon A, Neuzillet Y, Ghoneim T, Botto H, Raynaud J, Herve J, Lebret T. Risque de récidive augmentée après prostatectomie radicale chez les patients traités par statines. Prog Urol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2013.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Peycelon M, Parmentier B, Raquillet C, Boubnova J, Chouikh T, Grosos C, Honart JF, Pichon A, Auber F, Larroquet M, Audry G. [Abnormalities of the penis in boys]. Arch Pediatr 2012; 19:1347-53. [PMID: 23121902 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2012.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Revised: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Abnormalities of the male genitalia have increased in the last 2 decades in numerous developed countries and remain a frequent reason of consultation in pediatric surgery. The diagnostic spectrum is wide, and surgeons should pay particular attention to these abnormalities because of their potential psychological effect. Anatomically, these abnormalities can affect one of three parts of the penis. First, the foreskin may not be fully retracted. This is normal at birth and can be caused by prepuce adherents that can continue until adolescence. Today, true phimosis is treated with topical corticoids from the age of 3 years. If medical treatment fails, a surgical procedure is required. Second, the urethra can be affected by hypospadia, which is the most frequent abnormality of the urethra. It is associated with ectopic urethral meatus, hypoplastic foreskin, and penis curvature. Its pathogenic background is not clearly understood. Surgery options differ according to the type of hypospadia and according to the surgeon's experience. It is sometimes hard to deal with, especially in a perineal form, where genetic and hormonal studies are recommended. These interventions can lead to complications ranging from stenosis to fistula. Therefore, parents have to be informed of the benefits and risks of the surgical procedures. Epispadias is rare but more serious because of the increasing risk of urinary incontinence. Finally, abnormalities of the corpora cavernosa - often associated with hypospadias - can include penis curvature and micropenis, for which an endocrinological analysis is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Peycelon
- Service de chirurgie viscérale pédiatrique et néonatale, hôpital Trousseau, AP-HP, 75012 Paris, France
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Jutand L, Tremoureux L, Pichon A, Delpech N, Denjean A, Raux M, Straus C, Similowski T. Ventilatory response to exercise does not evidence electroencephalographical respiratory-related activation of the cortical premotor circuitry in healthy humans. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2012; 205:356-62. [PMID: 22356255 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2012.02427.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Revised: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM The neural structures responsible for the coupling between ventilatory control and pulmonary gas exchange during exercise have not been fully identified. Suprapontine mechanisms have been hypothesized but not formally evidenced. Because the involvement of a premotor circuitry in the compensation of inspiratory mechanical loads has recently been described, we looked for its implication in exercise-induced hyperpnea. METHODS Electroencephalographical recordings were performed to identify inspiratory premotor potentials (iPPM) in eight physically fit normal men during cycling at 40 and 70% of their maximal oxygen consumption ((V)·O(2max) ). Relaxed pedalling (0 W) and voluntary sniff manoeuvres were used as negative and positive controls respectively. RESULTS Voluntary sniffs were consistently associated with iPPMs. This was also the case with voluntarily augmented breathing at rest (in three subjects tested). During the exercise protocol, no respiratory-related activity was observed whilst performing bouts of relaxed pedalling. Exercise-induced hyperpnea was also not associated with iPPMs, except in one subject. CONCLUSION We conclude that if there are cortical mechanisms involved in the ventilatory adaptation to exercise in physically fit humans, they are distinct from the premotor mechanisms activated by inspiratory load compensation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A. Pichon
- Université Paris 13; UFR SMBH, STAPS, UPRES EA 2363; Laboratoire Réponses Cellulaires et Fonctionnelles à l'Hypoxie; 74 rue Marcel Cachin; 93017; Bobigny; France
| | - N. Delpech
- Université de Poitiers; Laboratoire des Adaptations Physiologiques aux Activités Physiques; Faculté des Sciences du Sport; UPRES EA 3813; 4 Allée Jean Monnet; 86000; Poitiers; France
| | - A. Denjean
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris; Hôpital Robert Debré; Service de physiologie, Explorations Fonctionnelles; 75019; Paris; France
| | | | | | - T. Similowski
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris; Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière; Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation; 75013; Paris; France
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15
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Lundby C, Pichon A, Siebenmann C. Reply to Schmitt and Millet. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2012. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01450.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Lundby
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland; and
| | - Aurelien Pichon
- Laboratoire Réponses Cellulaires et Fonctionnelles à l'Hypoxie, Universite Paris, Bobigny, France
| | - Christoph Siebenmann
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland; and
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16
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Woorons X, Bourdillon N, Lamberto C, Vandewalle H, Richalet JP, Mollard P, Pichon A. Cardiovascular Responses During Hypoventilation at Exercise. Int J Sports Med 2011; 32:438-45. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1271788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Charlot K, Cornolo J, Brugniaux JV, Richalet JP, Pichon A. Interchangeability between heart rate and photoplethysmography variabilities during sympathetic stimulations. Physiol Meas 2009; 30:1357-69. [DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/30/12/005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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18
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Bagnères AG, Pichon A, Hope J, Davis RW, Clément JL. Contact versus feeding intoxication by fipronil in Reticulitermes termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae): laboratory evaluation of toxicity, uptake, clearance, and transfer among individuals. J Econ Entomol 2009; 102:347-356. [PMID: 19253654 DOI: 10.1603/029.102.0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The susceptibility to fipronil of U.S. and French populations of Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) was evaluated in two types of laboratory bioassays: contact intoxication with 0.01-1 ppm treated sand and feeding intoxication with 0.1-10 ppm treated filter paper. Contact intoxication with 0.01 ppm fipronil caused 60% mortality after 55 and 64 h in the French and U.S. populations, respectively, whereas in the 5 ppm feeding assay 70 and 60% mortality was observed after 7 d in the French and U.S. populations, respectively. We evaluated the uptake, clearance, and transfer of fipronil among workers of French R. flavipes using [14C] fipronil in contact (0.01 ppm) and feeding (3 ppm) bioassays. Fipronil amounts were measured on their cuticle and in their bodies. Maximal uptake was observed in the contact assay. A significant uptake of fipronil occurred in the feeding assay. Transfer from exposed donors to unexposed recipients occurred within 24 h. Frequent horizontal transfer resulted in a significant uptake in recipients, particularly when donor fipronil acquisition was by feeding. Donors transferred approximately 46% of the toxicant to recipients. Social behaviors such as contact and grooming, together with internalization of the biocide, may be components of the horizontal transfer process and contribute to the efficacy of fipronil in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Bagnères
- IRBI UMR CNRS 6035, Université de Tours, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Pare de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France.
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Leniaud L, Pichon A, Uva P, Bagnères AG. Unicoloniality in Reticulitermes urbis: a novel feature in a potentially invasive termite species. Bull Entomol Res 2009; 99:1-10. [PMID: 18590600 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485308006032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Social insects are among the world's most successful species at invading of new habitats. A good example of this invasive ability is Reticulitermes (Rhinotermitidae), a prominent group of subterranean termites. As a result of human intervention, i.e. transportation and creation of urban heat islands, Reticulitermes have been able to invade and thrive in cities located in areas where the natural habitat is normally too cold for colonization. They commonly infest man-made structures where they can cause extensive damage.This study was designed to evaluate the invasiveness of Reticulitermes urbis that was probably introduced in France from the Balkans. Invasive potential was assessed on the basis of features typical to invasive social insects, i.e. unicoloniality, low intraspecific aggression, high level of polygyny and colony reproduction by budding. The opportunity to study establishment and spreading processes arose after extensive sampling of an imported Reticulitermes urbis population was performed over the entire city of Domène, France (Rhône-Alpes region).For the first time, genetic analysis showed that the termites belonged to a single 'genetic entity' forming a vast colony covering about seven hectares. The colony was structured as an extended family with separate reproductive centres. We speculate that termites were introduced in a single location from which they gradually budded throughout the old town. Based on the absence of aggression among different nests within the colony, we defined this 'genetic entity' as a supercolony.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Leniaud
- IRBI CNRS UMR 6035 Université François Rabelais, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
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20
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El Hasnaoui-Saadani R, Alayza RC, Launay T, Pichon A, Quidu P, Beaudry M, Léon-Velarde F, Richalet JP, Duvallet A, Favret F. Brain stem NO modulates ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia in mice. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2007; 103:1506-12. [PMID: 17690195 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00486.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of our study was to assess the role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia. We measured the ventilation in acclimatized Bl6/CBA mice breathing 21% and 8% oxygen, used a nNOS inhibitor, and assessed the expression of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor and nNOS (mRNA and protein). Two groups of Bl6/CBA mice (n = 60) were exposed during 2 wk either to hypoxia [barometric pressure (PB) = 420 mmHg] or normoxia (PB = 760 mmHg). At the end of exposure the medulla was removed to measure the concentration of nitric oxide (NO) metabolites, the expression of NMDA-NR1 receptor, and nNOS by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot. We also measured the ventilatory response [fraction of inspired O(2) (Fi(O(2))) = 0.21 and 0.08] before and after S-methyl-l-thiocitrulline treatment (SMTC, nNOS inhibitor, 10 mg/kg ip). Chronic hypoxia caused an increase in ventilation that was reduced after SMTC treatment mainly through a decrease in tidal volume (Vt) in normoxia and in acute hypoxia. However, the difference observed in the magnitude of acute hypoxic ventilatory response [minute ventilation (Ve) 8% - Ve 21%] in acclimatized mice was not different. Acclimatization to hypoxia induced a rise in NMDA receptor as well as in nNOS and NO production. In conclusion, our study provides evidence that activation of nNOS is involved in the ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia in mice but not in the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) while the increased expression of NMDA receptor expression in the medulla of chronically hypoxic mice plays a role in acute HVR. These results are therefore consistent with central nervous system plasticity, partially involved in ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia through nNOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- R El Hasnaoui-Saadani
- Université Paris 13, EA 2363 Réponses cellulaires et fonctionnelles à l'hypoxie, ARPE, 93017 Bobigny, France
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21
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Pichon A, Venisse N, Krupka E, Pérault-Pochat MC, Denjean A. Urinary and blood concentrations of beta2-agonists in trained subjects: comparison between routes of use. Int J Sports Med 2006; 27:187-92. [PMID: 16541373 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-865627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to assess the plasma and urine concentrations of beta2-agonists and evaluate the difference between three routes of administration in trained adults in order to distinguish doping from prevention of exercise-induced asthma. Ten young healthy Caucasian male subjects received during a four treatment period study: 1) inhaled salbutamol (S(I)) 2 x 100 microg t.i.d. for 3 days, 2) inhaled formoterol (F(I)) 2 x 12 microg b.i.d. for 3 days, 3) a single subcutaneous injection of salbutamol (S(S)) 0.5 mg, and 4) salbutamol 2 x 2 mg t.i.d. orally for 3 days (S(O)). Blood samples were taken during the first and the third day of experimentation at baseline, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h and 6 h after administration; additional blood samples were drawn at 15 min for S(I), S(S) and F(I) and at 12 h for F(I). Urinary samples were collected at baseline, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h and 12 h after administration. Urinary concentrations were 20 to almost 50 times higher after S(O) than after S(I). Mean urinary concentration after S(O) increased to above 800 ng.mL(-1) within the two hours and above 1000 ng.mL(-1) at 6 to 12 hours post-drug administration. Urinary concentrations after S(S) were maximal during the first 2 hours (mean: 340 +/- 172 ng.mL(-1)). Plasma concentrations were very low, whatever the routes of administration. Results showed that we could eliminate the use of S(I) (authorized) and S(S) administration when individual urinary concentrations are higher than 230 ng.mL(-1) and 615 ng.mL(-1), respectively. Therefore, at rest, the cut-off value used to discriminate therapeutic from doping salbutamol intake could be fixed at 250 ng.mL(-1) instead of the 1000 ng.mL(-1) still authorized by international committees.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pichon
- Laboratoire des Adaptations Physiologiques aux Activités Physiques, Faculté des Sciences du Sport, UPRES EA 3813, Poitiers, France.
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22
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Woorons X, Mollard P, Pichon A, Lamberto C, Duvallet A, Richalet JP. Moderate exercise in hypoxia induces a greater arterial desaturation in trained than untrained men. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2006; 17:431-6. [PMID: 16805783 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2006.00577.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
During moderate exercise breathing a low inspired O(2) fraction (F(I)O(2)), arterial O(2) desaturation may depend on the fitness level. Seven trained (TM) and seven untrained men (UTM) cycled in normoxia and in hypoxia (F(I)O(2)=0.187, 0.173, 0.154, 0.13 and 0.117). We compared TM and UTM at submaximal intensities below the ventilatory threshold. Ventilatory variables were monitored and arterial oxygen saturation was measured by pulse oximetry. O(2) saturation was not different between groups at sea level. In hypoxia, O(2) saturation was lower in TM than in UTM at F(I)O(2)=0.154 (87.3 +/- 2.9% vs 90.4 +/- 1.5% at 90 W) and below. Both the ventilatory-equivalent and the end-tidal O(2) pressure were lower in TM at sea level and at every F(I)O(2), with the differences between TM and UTM becoming apparent at lower exercise intensity and increasing in magnitude as the severity of hypoxia increased. O(2) saturation was correlated with the ventilatory parameters at every F(I)O(2) and the correlations were stronger in severe hypoxia. These results demonstrate that a moderate exercise carried out in hypoxia, contrary to normoxic conditions, can lead to a greater arterial desaturation in TM compared with UTM. This phenomenon could be partly attributed to a relative hypoventilation in trained subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Woorons
- Université Paris 13, Laboratoire Réponses cellulaires et fonctionnelles à l'hypoxie, Bobigny, France.
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23
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Pichon A, Arvanitakis L, Roux O, Kirk AA, Alauzet C, Bordat D, Legal L. Genetic differentiation among various populations of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae). Bull Entomol Res 2006; 96:137-44. [PMID: 16556334 DOI: 10.1079/ber2005409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Genetic variation among 14 populations of Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) from USA (Geneva, New York), Brazil (Brasilia), Japan (Okayama), The Philippines (Caragan de Oyo), Uzbekistan (Tashkent), France (Montpellier), Benin (Cotonou), South Africa (Johannesburg), Réunion Island (Montvert), and five localities in Australia (Adelaide, Brisbane, Mareeba, Melbourne, Sydney) were assessed by analysis of allozyme frequencies at seven polymorphic loci. Most of the populations were not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and had a deficit in heterozygotes. The global differentiation among populations was estimated by the fixation index (Fst) at 0.103 for the 14 populations and at 0.047 when populations from Australia and Japan, which differed most and had a strong genetic structure, were excluded from the analysis. By contrast, the populations from Benin (West Africa) and Brazil (South America) were very similar to each other. Genetic differentiation among the populations was not correlated with geographical distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pichon
- Laboratoire dynamique de la biodiversité, UMR UPS/CNRS 5172, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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Pichon A, Roulaud M, Denjean A, de Bisschop C. Airway Tone During Exercise in Healthy Subjects: Effects of Salbutamol and Ipratropium Bromide. Int J Sports Med 2005; 26:321-6. [PMID: 15895312 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-821021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In healthy subjects changes in airway calibre during exercise are conflicting and smaller than in asthmatics. Methodological differences could explain the discrepancies between the results obtained in healthy subjects. Therefore, our aim was to assess during exercise the changes in airway diameter and the effects of 200 microg salbutamol (SAL) or 40 microg ipratropium bromide (IPR) inhalations versus placebo (PLA), using spirometry and respiratory resistance (Rrs). Eight non-asthmatic subjects exercised 9 min at 70 % of their maximal aerobic power after inhalation of 200 microg SAL, 40 microg IPR, or PLA. Maximal flow-volume curves were obtained before and after inhalations, at 3 (E3) and 6 (E6) minutes of exercise, and during recovery. Rrs were measured by impulse oscillometry before and after inhalation, and immediately at the end of exercise. At rest, FEV (1) increased significantly after inhalation of SAL and IPR. Rrs decreased only after SAL. During exercise FEV (1) increased significantly from rest with SAL and IPR while forced mid expiratory flow (FEF (25 - 75)) increased significantly for all conditions. At E6 the rise of FEV (1) and FEF (25 - 75) were greater with SAL compared to PLA and IPR. In all conditions Rrs increased significantly immediately at the end of exercise as compared to rest but less than during flow-matched hyperpnea. It is concluded that a similar bronchodilation was observed during exercise with and without anticholinergic drug which suggests a withdrawal of parasympathetic control of airways during exercise in healthy subjects. Nevertheless, the bronchodilation observed during exercise is not maximal since it can be reinforced by beta (2)-mimetic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pichon
- Laboratoire d'Analyse de la Performance Motrice Humaine, Faculté des Sciences du Sport, UPRES EA 2253, Poitiers, France
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Abstract
A reliable submaximal test for assessing cardiorespiratory function would be of interest in clinical practice. Baba et al. (1996) proposed the oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) derived from the relation between oxygen uptake (VO2 [ml x min (-1) x kg (-1)]) and minute ventilation (VE [L x min (-1)]) during incremental exercise. We evaluated the validity of OUES by comparing maximal oxygen uptake (VO2MAX) predicted from OUES to measured VO2MAX in 50 healthy males who performed a maximal treadmill test. They had widely differing physical fitness levels (VO2MAX range, 32.7 to 80.2 mlO2 x min(-1) x kg(-1). Predicted VO2MAX was not significantly different (p > 0.99) from measured VO2MAX (56.8 7.0 vs. 56.8 8.8 mlO2 x min 1 kg(-1). The limits of agreement (Bland Altman, 1986) were plus or minus 10.5 mlO2 x min(-1) x kg(-1). Although OUES and VO2MAX were significantly correlated (r = 0.79), the wide interindividual variations in the difference between these two parameters may limit the usefulness of OUES in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelien Pichon
- Laboratoire d'Analyse de la Performace Motrice Humaine, UPRES EA 2253, Faculte des Sciences du Sport, Universite de Poitiers 4, allee Jean MOnnet 86000 Poitiers, France
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Abstract
This study compares the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and respiration rates of a microbial population treating real and synthetic greywaters dosed with nutrient supplements. The nutrient composition of the real and synthetic greywaters was analysed and the dosing regime for nitrogen, phosphorus and a range of trace metals planned accordingly. The doses consisted of eight single additives (macronutrients and trace metals) to the control greywater and six trace metal additions to C: N : P balanced greywater. The COD removal for the control real and synthetic greywater in lab-scale activated sludge systems (0.038 and 0.286 kg COD kg MLSS(-1) d(-1), respectively) confirmed nutrient limitation and the poor degree of greywater treatment. Nutrient dosing increased the COD removal rate and oxygen uptake rate in many cases. The greatest stimulation of microbial activity was observed with zinc additions to C: N: P balanced real greywater (1.291 kg COD kg MLSS(-1) d(-1) over 30 times the control). Inhibitory effects to various extents were rare and limited mainly to the additions of metals to synthetic greywater. The dominance of chemicals effects was observed on addition of some micronutrients; notably iron and aluminium, metals on which many coagulants for use in biotreatment of other wastewaters are based. The data indicate that the impact of understanding microbial processes and the nutrients required for wastewater treatment can only serve to optimise process efficiency for the proposed treatment of greywater.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Jefferson
- School of Water Sciences, Cranfield University, Bedford, UK
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Roques B, Pichon A, De Laroche G, Garnier JF, Jacquin JP. [Intra-abdominal desmoplastic small round-cell tumors. An entity among peritoneal carcinomatoses in young adults]. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 2000; 24:359-60. [PMID: 10804346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Desmoplastic small round-cell tumors in young adults were first described in 1989. They may be revealed by an abdominal mass or a peritoneal carcinomatosis. The diagnosis and the initial treatment are based on debulking surgery. Chemotherapy using doxorubicin, ifosfamide, etoposide and cisplatin can then be proposed. Despite some initial chemosensitivity, prognosis remains poor.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Roques
- Clinique Mutualiste de la Digonnière, Saint-Etienne
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Meyer J, Reinartz I, Pichon A, Zerr V. Régulation par le centre 15 de l'accouchement inopiné extrahospitalier et prise en charge par le Smur. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-2524(97)84297-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Cuilleret J, Baril A, Boucheron S, Pichon A, Serpantie P. [Carney's triad]. Presse Med 1984; 13:79-82. [PMID: 6320155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The triad described by J.A. Carney in 1977 is characterized by the successive or concomitant occurrence of three rare tumours of different origin: gastric leiomyoblastoma, functioning extra-adrenal paraganglioma and pulmonary chondroma. It is found mainly in young female patients with prevalent blood group A and may be incomplete, with only two of the three tumours occurring. The case of a young woman who developed gastric leiomyoblastoma and, six years later, pelvic paraganglioma is reported; she died of metastases from the paraganglioma with malignant hypertension. The 16 cases already published are reviewed. The authors insist upon the severity of paragangliomas and the need for a systematic search for the other tumours in patients who present with one tumour of the triad. A histogenetic interpretation relating the tumours to pathology of the neural crest is suggested.
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Ravussin JJ, Freycon F, Pasquer MJ, Pichon A. [Hypothalamo-hypophyseal insufficiency, secondary to tuberculous meningitis]. Pediatrie 1979; 34:155-66. [PMID: 113771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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