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Amagbégnon R, Dechavanne C, Dambrun M, Yehouénou U, Akondé N, Migot-Nabias F, Nounnagnon Tonouhéwa AB, Hamidović A, Fievet N, Tonato-Bagnan A, Ogouyemi-Hounto A, Alao MJ, Dardé ML, Mercier A, Kindé-Gazard D. Correction Notice to: "Seroepidemiology of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women and detection of infection acquired during pregnancy in Cotonou, Benin" - Parasite 30, 43 (2023), https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2023040. Parasite 2023; 30:48. [PMID: 37966311 PMCID: PMC10648692 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2023050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Amagbégnon
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Mère et de l’Enfant-Lagune (CHU-MEL) 01 BP 107 Cotonou Bénin
- Institut de Recherche Clinique du Bénin (IRCB) Abomey-Calavi Benin
| | | | | | - Urielle Yehouénou
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Mère et de l’Enfant-Lagune (CHU-MEL) 01 BP 107 Cotonou Bénin
| | - Noé Akondé
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Mère et de l’Enfant-Lagune (CHU-MEL) 01 BP 107 Cotonou Bénin
| | | | | | - Azra Hamidović
- Inserm U1094, IRD U270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidémiologie des maladies chroniques en zone tropicale, Institut d’Epidémiologie et de Neurologie Tropicale, OmegaHealth Limoges France
| | | | - Angéline Tonato-Bagnan
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Mère et de l’Enfant-Lagune (CHU-MEL) 01 BP 107 Cotonou Bénin
- Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé (FSS) Bénin
| | - Aurore Ogouyemi-Hounto
- Institut de Recherche Clinique du Bénin (IRCB) Abomey-Calavi Benin
- Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé (FSS) Bénin
- Service de Microbiologie du Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire – Hubert Koutoukou MAGA (CNHU-HKM) de Cotonou Bénin
| | - Maroufou Jules Alao
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Mère et de l’Enfant-Lagune (CHU-MEL) 01 BP 107 Cotonou Bénin
- Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé (FSS) Bénin
| | - Marie-Laure Dardé
- Inserm U1094, IRD U270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidémiologie des maladies chroniques en zone tropicale, Institut d’Epidémiologie et de Neurologie Tropicale, OmegaHealth Limoges France
- Centre National de Référence (CNR) sur la toxoplasmose/Toxoplasma Biological Resource Center (BRC), CHU de Limoges 87042 Limoges France
| | - Aurélien Mercier
- Inserm U1094, IRD U270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidémiologie des maladies chroniques en zone tropicale, Institut d’Epidémiologie et de Neurologie Tropicale, OmegaHealth Limoges France
- Centre National de Référence (CNR) sur la toxoplasmose/Toxoplasma Biological Resource Center (BRC), CHU de Limoges 87042 Limoges France
| | - Dorothée Kindé-Gazard
- Institut de Recherche Clinique du Bénin (IRCB) Abomey-Calavi Benin
- Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé (FSS) Bénin
- Service de Microbiologie du Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire – Hubert Koutoukou MAGA (CNHU-HKM) de Cotonou Bénin
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Amagbégnon R, Dechavanne C, Dambrun M, Yehouénou U, Akondé N, Migot-Nabias F, Nounnagnon Tonouhéwa AB, Hamidović A, Fievet N, Tonato-Bagnan A, Ogouyemi-Hounto A, Alao MJ, Dardé ML, Mercier A, Kindé-Gazard D. Seroepidemiology of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women and detection of infection acquired during pregnancy in Cotonou, Benin. Parasite 2023; 30:43. [PMID: 37855713 PMCID: PMC10586240 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2023040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Assessing the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women and the associated risk factors is the first step in defining policy for the prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis in a given population. An epidemiological study was conducted during prenatal consultations at the CHU-MEL of Cotonou (Benin) between September 2018 and April 2021 and recruited 549 pregnant women to determine the seroprevalence and potential factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection. Toxoplasma gondii IgG/IgM antibodies were detected using an enzyme-linked fluorescence assay (ELFA) technique, an IgG avidity test and an IgG/IgM comparative Western blot to diagnose the maternal toxoplasmosis serological status, the possibility of an infection acquired during pregnancy and congenital infection, respectively. Concomitantly, the participants answered a questionnaire investigating potential risk factors. Toxoplasmosis seroprevalence was estimated at 44.4% (95% CI 40.3-48.6) and the factors significantly associated with T. gondii seropositivity were: age over 30 years, multigravid women and contact with cats. The possibility of an infection acquired during the periconceptional period or the first trimester of pregnancy concerned six women [1.1% (95% CI 0.5-2.0)]. However, due to the low rate of serological controls in seronegative women, a significant proportion of women first tested during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, and an insufficient sample size, the incidence of primary infection during pregnancy could not be determined. No cases of congenital transmission occurred in the newborns from the suspected cases of primary infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Amagbégnon
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Mère et de l’Enfant-Lagune (CHU-MEL) 01 BP 107 Cotonou Bénin
- Institut de Recherche Clinique du Bénin (IRCB) Abomey-Calavi Benin
| | | | | | - Urielle Yehouénou
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Mère et de l’Enfant-Lagune (CHU-MEL) 01 BP 107 Cotonou Bénin
| | - Noé Akondé
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Mère et de l’Enfant-Lagune (CHU-MEL) 01 BP 107 Cotonou Bénin
| | | | | | - Azra Hamidović
- Inserm U1094, IRD U270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidémiologie des maladies chroniques en zone tropicale, Institut d’Epidémiologie et de Neurologie Tropicale, OmegaHealth Limoges France
| | | | - Angéline Tonato-Bagnan
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Mère et de l’Enfant-Lagune (CHU-MEL) 01 BP 107 Cotonou Bénin
- Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé (FSS) Bénin
| | - Aurore Ogouyemi-Hounto
- Institut de Recherche Clinique du Bénin (IRCB) Abomey-Calavi Benin
- Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé (FSS) Bénin
- Service de Microbiologie du Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire – Hubert Koutoukou MAGA (CNHU-HKM) de Cotonou Bénin
| | - Maroufou Jules Alao
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Mère et de l’Enfant-Lagune (CHU-MEL) 01 BP 107 Cotonou Bénin
- Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé (FSS) Bénin
| | - Marie-Laure Dardé
- Inserm U1094, IRD U270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidémiologie des maladies chroniques en zone tropicale, Institut d’Epidémiologie et de Neurologie Tropicale, OmegaHealth Limoges France
- Centre National de Référence (CNR) sur la toxoplasmose/Toxoplasma Biological Resource Center (BRC), CHU de Limoges 87042 Limoges France
| | - Aurélien Mercier
- Inserm U1094, IRD U270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidémiologie des maladies chroniques en zone tropicale, Institut d’Epidémiologie et de Neurologie Tropicale, OmegaHealth Limoges France
- Centre National de Référence (CNR) sur la toxoplasmose/Toxoplasma Biological Resource Center (BRC), CHU de Limoges 87042 Limoges France
| | - Dorothée Kindé-Gazard
- Institut de Recherche Clinique du Bénin (IRCB) Abomey-Calavi Benin
- Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Faculté des Sciences de la Santé (FSS) Bénin
- Service de Microbiologie du Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire – Hubert Koutoukou MAGA (CNHU-HKM) de Cotonou Bénin
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Accrombessi M, Cook J, Dangbenon E, Yovogan B, Akpovi H, Sovi A, Adoha C, Assongba L, Sidick A, Akinro B, Ossè R, Tokponnon F, Aïkpon R, Ogouyemi-Hounto A, Padonou GG, Kleinschmidt I, Messenger LA, Rowland M, Ngufor C, Protopopoff N, Akogbeto MC. Efficacy of pyriproxyfen-pyrethroid long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and chlorfenapyr-pyrethroid LLINs compared with pyrethroid-only LLINs for malaria control in Benin: a cluster-randomised, superiority trial. Lancet 2023; 401:435-446. [PMID: 36706778 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(22)02319-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New classes of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) combining mixtures of insecticides with different modes of action could put malaria control back on track after rebounds in transmission across sub-Saharan Africa. We evaluated the relative efficacy of pyriproxyfen-pyrethroid LLINs and chlorfenapyr-pyrethroid LLINs compared with standard LLINs against malaria transmission in an area of high pyrethroid resistance in Benin. METHODS We conducted a cluster-randomised, superiority trial in Zou Department, Benin. Clusters were villages or groups of villages with a minimum of 100 houses. We used restricted randomisation to randomly assign 60 clusters to one of three LLIN groups (1:1:1): to receive nets containing either pyriproxyfen and alpha-cypermethrin (pyrethroid), chlorfenapyr and alpha-cypermethrin, or alpha-cypermethrin only (reference). Households received one LLIN for every two people. The field team, laboratory staff, analyses team, and community members were masked to the group allocation. The primary outcome was malaria case incidence measured over 2 years after net distribution in a cohort of children aged 6 months-10 years, in the intention-to-treat population. This study is ongoing and is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03931473. FINDINGS Between May 23 and June 24, 2019, 53 854 households and 216 289 inhabitants were accounted for in the initial census and included in the study. Between March 19 and 22, 2020, 115 323 LLINs were distributed to 54 030 households in an updated census. A cross-sectional survey showed that study LLIN usage was highest at 9 months after distribution (5532 [76·8%] of 7206 participants), but decreased by 24 months (4032 [60·6%] of 6654). Mean malaria incidence over 2 years after LLIN distribution was 1·03 cases per child-year (95% CI 0·96-1·09) in the pyrethroid-only LLIN reference group, 0·84 cases per child-year (0·78-0·90) in the pyriproxyfen-pyrethroid LLIN group (hazard ratio [HR] 0·86, 95% CI 0·65-1·14; p=0·28), and 0·56 cases per child-year (0·51-0·61) in the chlorfenapyr-pyrethroid LLIN group (HR 0·54, 95% CI 0·42-0·70; p<0·0001). INTERPRETATION Over 2 years, chlorfenapyr-pyrethroid LLINs provided greater protection from malaria than pyrethroid-only LLINs in an area with pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes. Pyriproxyfen-pyrethroid LLINs conferred protection similar to pyrethroid-only LLINs. These findings provide crucial second-trial evidence to enable WHO to make policy recommendations on these new LLIN classes. This study confirms the importance of chlorfenapyr as an LLIN treatment to control malaria in areas with pyrethroid-resistant vectors. However, an arsenal of new active ingredients is required for successful long-term resistance management, and additional innovations, including pyriproxyfen, need to be further investigated for effective vector control strategies. FUNDING UNITAID, The Global Fund.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Accrombessi
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Disease Control Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Jackie Cook
- Medical Research Council International Statistics and Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Boulais Yovogan
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Hilaire Akpovi
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Arthur Sovi
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Disease Control Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Landry Assongba
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin
| | | | - Bruno Akinro
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Razaki Ossè
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin
| | | | - Rock Aïkpon
- National Malaria Control Program, Ministry of Health, Cotonou, Benin
| | | | | | - Immo Kleinschmidt
- Medical Research Council International Statistics and Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Wits Research Institute for Malaria, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Southern African Development Community Malaria Elimination Eight Secretariat, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Louisa A Messenger
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Disease Control Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Mark Rowland
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Disease Control Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Corine Ngufor
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Disease Control Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Natacha Protopopoff
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Disease Control Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Tokponnon TF, Ossè R, Padonou GG, Affoukou CD, Sidick A, Sewade W, Fassinou A, Koukpo CZ, Akinro B, Messenger LA, Okê M, Tchévoédé A, Ogouyemi-Hounto A, Gazard DK, Akogbeto M. Entomological Characteristics of Malaria Transmission across Benin: An Essential Element for Improved Deployment of Vector Control Interventions. Insects 2023; 14:52. [PMID: 36661980 PMCID: PMC9864170 DOI: 10.3390/insects14010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Entomological surveillance in Benin has historically been limited to zones where indoor residual spraying was performed or where long-standing sentinel surveillance sites existed. However, there are significant country-wide gaps in entomological knowledge. The National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) assessed population dynamics of Anopheles vectors and malaria transmission in each of Benin’s 12 departments to create an entomological risk profile. Two communes per department (24/77 communes) were chosen to reflect diverse geographies, ecologies and malaria prevalence. Two villages per commune were selected from which four households (HH) per village were used for human landing catches (HLCs). In each HH, an indoor and outdoor HLC occurred between 7 p.m. and 7 a.m. on two consecutive nights between July−September 2017. Captured Anopheles were identified, and ovaries were dissected to determine parous rate. Heads and thoraces were tested for Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites by ELISA. The Entomological Inoculation Rate (EIR) was calculated as the product of mosquito bite rate and sporozoite index. Bite rates from An. gambiae s.l., the primary vector species complex, differed considerably between communes; average sporozoite infection index was 3.5%. The EIR ranged from 0.02 infectious bites (ib) per human per night in the departments of Ouémé and Plateau to 1.66 ib/human/night in Collines. Based on transmission risk scales, Avrankou, Sakété and Nikki are areas of low transmission (0 < EIR < 3 ib/human/year), Adjarra, Adja Ouèrè, Zè, Toffo, Bopa, Pehunco, Pèrèrè and Kandi are of medium transmission (3 < EIR < 30 ib/human/year), and the other remaining districts are high transmission (EIR > 30 ib/human/year). The heterogeneous and diverse nature of malaria transmission in Benin was not readily apparent when only assessing entomological surveillance from sentinel sites. Prospectively, the NMCP will use study results to stratify and deploy targeted vector control interventions in districts with high EIRs to better protect populations most at-risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatchémè Filémon Tokponnon
- Ministère de la Santé, Cotonou 08 BP 882, Benin
- Cotonou Entomological Research Center, Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin
- Centre Béninois de la Recherche Scientifique et de l’Innovation (CBRSI), Agbondjèdo, Étoile Rouge, Cotonou 03 BP 1665, Benin
- Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 01 BP 2009, Benin
| | - Razaki Ossè
- Cotonou Entomological Research Center, Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin
| | | | | | - Aboubakar Sidick
- Cotonou Entomological Research Center, Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin
| | - Wilfried Sewade
- Cotonou Entomological Research Center, Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin
| | - Arsène Fassinou
- Cotonou Entomological Research Center, Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin
| | - Côme Z. Koukpo
- Cotonou Entomological Research Center, Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin
| | - Bruno Akinro
- Cotonou Entomological Research Center, Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin
| | - Louisa A. Messenger
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
| | - Mariam Okê
- Ministère de la Santé, Cotonou 08 BP 882, Benin
| | | | - Aurore Ogouyemi-Hounto
- National Malaria Control Program, Cotonou 01 BP 882, Benin
- Parasitology-Mycologie Research Unit, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 01 BP 188, Benin
| | - Dorothée Kinde Gazard
- Parasitology-Mycologie Research Unit, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 01 BP 188, Benin
| | - Martin Akogbeto
- Cotonou Entomological Research Center, Cotonou 06 BP 2604, Benin
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5
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Scott S, Camara BS, Hill M, Lama EK, Barry L, Ogouyemi-Hounto A, Houndjo W, Tougri G, Yacouba N, Achu D, Ateba M, Diar MSI, Malm KL, Adomako K, Djata P, Da Silva W, Cissé I, Sanogo V, Jackou H, Ogbulafor N, Adu BM, Nikau J, Gaye S, Gueye AB, Kandeh B, Kolley O, Atcha-Oubou T, Tchadjobo T, Loua KM, Tchouatieu AM, Mbaye I, Lima-Parra MA, Poku-Awuku A, Ndiaye JL, Merle C, Thomas L, Milligan P. The use of video job-aids to improve the quality of seasonal malaria chemoprevention delivery. PLOS Digit Health 2022; 1:e0000165. [PMID: 36812625 PMCID: PMC9931299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mobile phones are increasingly used in community health programmes, but the use of video job-aids that can be displayed on smart phones has not been widely exploited. We investigated the use of video job-aids to support the delivery of seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) in countries in West and Central Africa. The study was prompted by the need for training tools that could be used in a socially distanced manner during the COVID-19 pandemic. Animated videos were developed in English, French, Portuguese, Fula and Hausa, illustrating key steps for administering SMC safely, including wearing masks, washing hands, and social distancing. Through a consultative process with the national malaria programmes of countries using SMC, successive versions of the script and videos were reviewed to ensure accurate and relevant content. Online workshops were held with programme managers to plan how to use the videos in SMC staff training and supervision, and the use of the videos was evaluated in Guinea through focus groups and in-depth interviews with drug distributors and other staff involved in SMC delivery and through direct observations of SMC administration. Programme managers found the videos useful as they reinforce messages, can be viewed at any time and repeatedly, and when used during training sessions, provide a focus of discussion and support for trainers and help retain messages. Managers requested that local specificities of SMC delivery in their setting be included in tailored versions of the video for their country, and videos were required to be narrated in a variety of local languages. In Guinea, SMC drug distributors found the video covered the all the essential steps and found the video easy to understand. However, not all key messages were followed as some of the safety measures, social distancing and wearing masks, were perceived by some as creating mistrust amongst communities. Video job-aids can potentially provide an efficient means of reaching large numbers of drug distributors with guidance for safe and effective distribution of SMC. Not all distributors use android phones, but SMC programmes are increasingly providing drug distributors with android devices to track delivery, and personal ownership of smartphones in sub-Saharan Africa is growing. The use of video job-aids for community health workers to improve the quality delivery of SMC, or of other primary health care interventions, should be more widely evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Scott
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bienvenu Salim Camara
- Centre National de Formation et de Recherche en Santé Rurale de Maferinyah, Forécariah, Guinea
| | - Michael Hill
- Centre for Excellence in Learning and Teaching, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eugène Kaman Lama
- National Control Malaria Programme, Ministry of Health, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Lansana Barry
- Centre National de Formation et de Recherche en Santé Rurale de Maferinyah, Forécariah, Guinea
| | | | - William Houndjo
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Gauthier Tougri
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Nombre Yacouba
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Dorothy Achu
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Marcellin Ateba
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Keziah L. Malm
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kofi Adomako
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Accra, Ghana
| | - Paolo Djata
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Bissau, Guinea Bissau
| | - Wica Da Silva
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Bissau, Guinea Bissau
| | - Idrissa Cissé
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Bamako, Mali
| | - Vincent Sanogo
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Bamako, Mali
| | - Hadiza Jackou
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Niamey, Niger
| | - Nnenna Ogbulafor
- National Malaria Elimination Programme, Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Bala M. Adu
- National Malaria Elimination Programme, Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Jamilu Nikau
- National Malaria Elimination Programme, Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Seynabou Gaye
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Dakar, Senegal
| | | | - Balla Kandeh
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Olimatou Kolley
- National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Banjul, The Gambia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Corinne Merle
- UNDP/UNICEF/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR)/ World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Liz Thomas
- University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Milligan
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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6
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Accrombessi M, Akogbeto MC, Dangbenon E, Akpovi H, Sovi A, Yovogan B, Adoha C, Assongba L, Ogouyemi-Hounto A, Padonou GG, Thickstun C, Rowland M, Ngufor C, Protopopoff N, Cook J. Malaria Burden and Associated Risk Factors in an Area of Pyrethroid-Resistant Vectors in Southern Benin. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2022; 107:tpmd220190. [PMID: 35895353 PMCID: PMC9490648 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria remains the main cause of morbidity and mortality in Benin despite the scale-up of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs), indoor residual spraying, and malaria case management. This study aimed to determine the malaria burden and its associated risk factors in a rural area of Benin characterized by high net coverage and pyrethroid-resistant mosquito vectors. A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in three districts in southern Benin. Approximately 4,320 randomly selected participants of all ages were tested for malaria using rapid diagnostic tests within 60 clusters. Risk factors for malaria infection were evaluated using mixed-effect logistic regression models. Despite high population net use (96%), malaria infection prevalence was 43.5% (cluster range: 15.1-72.7%). Children (58.7%) were more likely to be infected than adults (31.2%), with a higher malaria prevalence among older children (5-10 years: 69.1%; 10-15 years: 67.9%) compared with young children (< 5 years: 42.1%); however, young children were more likely to be symptomatic. High household density, low socioeconomic status, young age (< 15 years), poor net conditions, and low net usage during the previous week were significantly associated with malaria infection. Malaria prevalence remains high in this area of intense pyrethroid resistance despite high net use. New classes of LLINs effective against resistant vectors are therefore crucial to further reduce malaria in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Accrombessi
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Disease Control Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Hilaire Akpovi
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou, Benin
| | - Arthur Sovi
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Disease Control Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Boulais Yovogan
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou, Benin
| | - Constantin Adoha
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou, Benin
| | - Landry Assongba
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou, Benin
| | - Aurore Ogouyemi-Hounto
- UER Parasitology Mycology, Health Science Faculty, Abomey-Calavi University; National Malaria Control Program, Ministry of Health, Cotonou, Benin
| | | | - Charles Thickstun
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mark Rowland
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Disease Control Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Corine Ngufor
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Disease Control Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natacha Protopopoff
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Disease Control Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jackie Cook
- Medical Research Council (MRC) International Statistics and Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Lagnika HO, Moussiliou A, Agonhossou R, Sovegnon P, Djihinto OY, Medjigbodo AA, Djossou L, Amoah LE, Ogouyemi-Hounto A, Djogbenou LS. Plasmodium falciparum msp1 and msp2 genetic diversity in parasites isolated from symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria subjects in the South of Benin. Parasitol Res 2022; 121:167-175. [PMID: 34993632 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07399-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria patients are considered as the reservoirs of human Plasmodium. In the present study, we have evaluated the Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein-1 (Pfmsp1) and protein-2 (Pfmsp2) genetic diversity among the symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria infection from health facilities in Cotonou, Benin Republic. A cross-sectional study recruited 158 individuals, including 77 from the asymptomatic and 81 from the symptomatic groups. The parasites were genotyped using Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction. Samples identified as Plasmodium falciparum were genotyped for their genetic diversity. No significant difference was observed in the overall multiplicity of infection (MOI) between the asymptomatic and symptomatic groups. In the symptomatic group, the overall frequency of K1, MAD20, and RO33 allelic family was more predominant (98.5%) followed by 3D7 (87.3%) and FC27 (83.1%). However, in asymptomatic group, the K1 alleles were the most prevalent (100%) followed by FC27 (89.9%), 3D7 (76.8%), MAD20 (60.5%), and RO33 (35.5%). The frequency of multiple allelic types (K1+MAD20+RO33) at the Pfmsp1 loci in the symptomatic infections was significantly higher when compared to that of the asymptomatic ones (97% vs. 34%, p < 0.05), whereas no difference was observed in the frequency of multiple allelic types (3D7 and FC27) at the Pfmsp2 loci between the two groups. The high presence of msp1 multiple infections in the symptomatic group compared to asymptomatic ones suggests an association between the genetic diversity and the onset of malaria symptoms. These data can provide valuable information in the development of a vaccine that could reduce the symptomatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamirath Odée Lagnika
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01BP 526, Cotonou, Benin
- Laboratory of Infectious Vector-Borne Diseases, Regional Institute of Public Health/University of Abomey-Calavi, BP 384, Ouidah, Benin
| | - Azizath Moussiliou
- Laboratory of Infectious Vector-Borne Diseases, Regional Institute of Public Health/University of Abomey-Calavi, BP 384, Ouidah, Benin
| | - Romuald Agonhossou
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01BP 526, Cotonou, Benin
- Laboratory of Infectious Vector-Borne Diseases, Regional Institute of Public Health/University of Abomey-Calavi, BP 384, Ouidah, Benin
| | - Pierre Sovegnon
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01BP 526, Cotonou, Benin
- Laboratory of Infectious Vector-Borne Diseases, Regional Institute of Public Health/University of Abomey-Calavi, BP 384, Ouidah, Benin
| | - Oswald Yédjinnavênan Djihinto
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01BP 526, Cotonou, Benin
- Laboratory of Infectious Vector-Borne Diseases, Regional Institute of Public Health/University of Abomey-Calavi, BP 384, Ouidah, Benin
| | - Adandé Assogba Medjigbodo
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01BP 526, Cotonou, Benin
- Laboratory of Infectious Vector-Borne Diseases, Regional Institute of Public Health/University of Abomey-Calavi, BP 384, Ouidah, Benin
| | - Laurette Djossou
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01BP 526, Cotonou, Benin
- Laboratory of Infectious Vector-Borne Diseases, Regional Institute of Public Health/University of Abomey-Calavi, BP 384, Ouidah, Benin
| | - Linda Eva Amoah
- Immunology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Luc Salako Djogbenou
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01BP 526, Cotonou, Benin.
- Laboratory of Infectious Vector-Borne Diseases, Regional Institute of Public Health/University of Abomey-Calavi, BP 384, Ouidah, Benin.
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Boko-Collins PM, Ogouyemi-Hounto A, Adjinacou-Badou EG, Gbaguidi-Saizonou L, Dossa NI, Dare A, Ibikounle M, Zoerhoff KL, Cohn DA, Batcho W. Assessment of treatment impact on lymphatic filariasis in 13 districts of Benin: progress toward elimination in nine districts despite persistence of transmission in some areas. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:276. [PMID: 31146779 PMCID: PMC6543600 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3525-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is still a public health burden in many developing countries. In Benin, a West African country, at least 6.6 million people are at risk for LF. With the goal of eliminating LF by 2020, mass drug administration (MDA) has been scaled-up during the last decade. Currently, 23 districts are believed to have eliminated LF as a public health problem, and 25 other districts are still under treatment. In this study we report the results of the first transmission assessment survey of LF (TAS1) in 13 districts from the second group, which have received at least six rounds of MDA with albendazole and ivermectin. METHODS The 13 districts were grouped into six evaluation units (EU). In each EU, 30 schools randomly selected by survey sample builder (SSB) software were surveyed. Children aged six and seven were sampled in schools and for each child the Alere™ Filariasis Test Strip test was carried out using finger-prick blood to detect the circulating filarial antigen from Wuchereria bancrofti. RESULTS Overall, 9381 children were sampled in 191 schools from the six EU with 47.6% of the children aged six years and 52.4% aged seven years. Five EU passed the assessment, with no positive cases identified. The EU of Ouinhi which grouped the districts of Ouinhi, Cove, Za-Kpota and Zagnanado failed, with 47 positive cases. These cases were clustered in the districts of Ouinhi (n = 20), Za-Kpota (n = 11) and Zagnanado (n = 16). No cases were found in the district of Cove. CONCLUSIONS The findings of our study indicate that Benin has made important progress towards elimination in most districts evaluated. However, this study also shows that transmission of LF is ongoing in the EU of Ouinhi, part of the Zou department. The MDA strategy needs to be strengthened in order to control the human reservoir of infection in these districts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelagie M Boko-Collins
- National Control Program of Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health of Benin, 01-BP-882, Cotonou, Benin.
| | | | - Elvire G Adjinacou-Badou
- National Control Program of Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health of Benin, 01-BP-882, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Laurinda Gbaguidi-Saizonou
- National Control Program of Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health of Benin, 01-BP-882, Cotonou, Benin
| | | | | | - Moudachirou Ibikounle
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 526, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Kathryn L Zoerhoff
- RTI International, 701 13th Street NW, Suite 750, Washington, DC, 20005, USA
| | - Daniel A Cohn
- RTI International, 701 13th Street NW, Suite 750, Washington, DC, 20005, USA
| | - Wilfrid Batcho
- National Control Program of Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health of Benin, 01-BP-882, Cotonou, Benin
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Kleinschmidt I, Bradley J, Knox TB, Mnzava AP, Kafy HT, Mbogo C, Ismail BA, Bigoga JD, Adechoubou A, Raghavendra K, Cook J, Malik EM, Nkuni ZJ, Macdonald M, Bayoh N, Ochomo E, Fondjo E, Awono-Ambene HP, Etang J, Akogbeto M, Bhatt RM, Chourasia MK, Swain DK, Kinyari T, Subramaniam K, Massougbodji A, Okê-Sopoh M, Ogouyemi-Hounto A, Kouambeng C, Abdin MS, West P, Elmardi K, Cornelie S, Corbel V, Valecha N, Mathenge E, Kamau L, Lines J, Donnelly MJ. Implications of insecticide resistance for malaria vector control with long-lasting insecticidal nets: a WHO-coordinated, prospective, international, observational cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis 2018; 18:640-649. [PMID: 29650424 PMCID: PMC5968369 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(18)30172-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scale-up of insecticide-based interventions has averted more than 500 million malaria cases since 2000. Increasing insecticide resistance could herald a rebound in disease and mortality. We aimed to investigate whether insecticide resistance was associated with loss of effectiveness of long-lasting insecticidal nets and increased malaria disease burden. METHODS This WHO-coordinated, prospective, observational cohort study was done at 279 clusters (villages or groups of villages in which phenotypic resistance was measurable) in Benin, Cameroon, India, Kenya, and Sudan. Pyrethroid long-lasting insecticidal nets were the principal form of malaria vector control in all study areas; in Sudan this approach was supplemented by indoor residual spraying. Cohorts of children from randomly selected households in each cluster were recruited and followed up by community health workers to measure incidence of clinical malaria and prevalence of infection. Mosquitoes were assessed for susceptibility to pyrethroids using the standard WHO bioassay test. Country-specific results were combined using meta-analysis. FINDINGS Between June 2, 2012, and Nov 4, 2016, 40 000 children were enrolled and assessed for clinical incidence during 1·4 million follow-up visits. 80 000 mosquitoes were assessed for insecticide resistance. Long-lasting insecticidal net users had lower infection prevalence (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0·63, 95% CI 0·51-0·78) and disease incidence (adjusted rate ratio [RR] 0·62, 0·41-0·94) than did non-users across a range of resistance levels. We found no evidence of an association between insecticide resistance and infection prevalence (adjusted OR 0·86, 0·70-1·06) or incidence (adjusted RR 0·89, 0·72-1·10). Users of nets, although significantly better protected than non-users, were nevertheless subject to high malaria infection risk (ranging from an average incidence in net users of 0·023, [95% CI 0·016-0·033] per person-year in India, to 0·80 [0·65-0·97] per person year in Kenya; and an average infection prevalence in net users of 0·8% [0·5-1·3] in India to an average infection prevalence of 50·8% [43·4-58·2] in Benin). INTERPRETATION Irrespective of resistance, populations in malaria endemic areas should continue to use long-lasting insecticidal nets to reduce their risk of infection. As nets provide only partial protection, the development of additional vector control tools should be prioritised to reduce the unacceptably high malaria burden. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, UK Medical Research Council, and UK Department for International Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immo Kleinschmidt
- MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - John Bradley
- MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | | | - Hmooda Toto Kafy
- Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan; School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Charles Mbogo
- KEMRI Centre for Geographic Medicine Research Coast, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Bashir Adam Ismail
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia; Khartoum Malaria Free Initiative, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Jude D Bigoga
- National Reference Unit (NRU) for Vector Control, The Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Alioun Adechoubou
- Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme (PNLP), Ministère de la Santé, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Kamaraju Raghavendra
- National Institute of Malaria Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Department of Health Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Jackie Cook
- MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Elfatih M Malik
- University of Khartoum, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | | | - Nabie Bayoh
- KEMRI/CDC Research and Public Health Collaboration, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Eric Ochomo
- KEMRI/CDC Research and Public Health Collaboration, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Etienne Fondjo
- National Malaria Control Program, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Herman Parfait Awono-Ambene
- Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte contre les Endemies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Josiane Etang
- Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte contre les Endemies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Yaoundé, Cameroon; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Martin Akogbeto
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Rajendra M Bhatt
- National Institute of Malaria Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Department of Health Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Mehul Kumar Chourasia
- National Institute of Malaria Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Department of Health Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Dipak K Swain
- National Institute of Malaria Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Department of Health Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Teresa Kinyari
- University of Nairobi, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Physiology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | | | - Mariam Okê-Sopoh
- Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme (PNLP), Ministère de la Santé, Cotonou, Benin
| | | | - Celestin Kouambeng
- National Malaria Control Program, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Philippa West
- MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Sylvie Cornelie
- Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Corbel
- Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Neena Valecha
- National Institute of Malaria Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Department of Health Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Evan Mathenge
- KEMRI Eastern and Southern Africa Centre of International Parasite Control, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Luna Kamau
- KEMRI Centre for Biotechnology and Research Development, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jonathan Lines
- Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Martin James Donnelly
- Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK; Malaria Programme, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
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10
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Damien BG, Aguemon B, Abdoulaye Alfa D, Bocossa D, Ogouyemi-Hounto A, Remoue F, Le Hesran JY. Low use of artemisinin-based combination therapy for febrile children under five and barriers to correct fever management in Benin: a decade after WHO recommendation. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:168. [PMID: 29357869 PMCID: PMC5778640 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5077-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), used to treat uncomplicated malaria cases, is one of the main strategies of malaria control and elimination. One of the main objectives of the Benin National Malaria Control Program’s (NMCP) strategic plan is to ensure that at least 80% of uncomplicated malaria is treated with ACT within 24 h. Therefore, it was of great interest to measure whether the country case management of fever amongst children under five, adhered to the NMCP’s strategic plan and look into the barriers to the use of ACT. Methods A cross-sectional survey based on a cluster and multi-stage sampling was conducted in two rural health districts in Benin. We recruited 768 and 594 children under five years were included in the northern and in the southern respectively. Data was collected on the general use of ACT and on the correct use of ACT that adheres to the NMCP’s strategy, as well as the barriers that prevent the proper management of fever amongst children. To assess the certain predictors of ACT usage, logistic regression was used, while taking into account the cluster random effect. Results Among febrile children aged 6 to 59 months, 20.7% in the south and 33.9% in north received ACT. The correct use of ACT, was very low, 5.8% and in southern and 8.6% northern areas. Caregivers who received information on ACT were 3.13 time more likely in the south and 2.98 time more likely in the north to give ACT to their feverish child, PPR = 3.13[1.72–4.15] and PPR = 2.98 [2.72–3.11] respectively. Chloroquine and quinine, other malaria treatments not recommended by NMCP, were still being used in both areas: 12.3 and 3.3% in the south and 11.4 and 3.0% in the north. Conclusion In Benin, the use and the correct use of ACT for febrile children remains low. The study also showed that having received information about the use of ACT is positively associated with the use of ACT. This point highlights the fact that efforts may not have been sufficiently integrated with social communication, which should be based on the behavioural determinants of populations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-5077-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Damien
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC), UMR IRD 224-CNRS 5290, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France. .,Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Bénin / Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 224-CNRS 5290 MIVEGEC, Cotonou, Bénin. .,Département de Santé Publique, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de Cotonou, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin.
| | - B Aguemon
- Département de Santé Publique, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de Cotonou, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - D Abdoulaye Alfa
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Bénin / Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 224-CNRS 5290 MIVEGEC, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - D Bocossa
- Université Paris 8, UFR Etudes - Recherche - et Ingénierie en territoires - Environnements - Société, Saint-Denis, France
| | - A Ogouyemi-Hounto
- Unité d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Parasitologie Mycologie/Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Laboratoire du Centre de Lutte Intégrée contre le Paludisme, Université d'Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - F Remoue
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC), UMR IRD 224-CNRS 5290, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Bénin / Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 224-CNRS 5290 MIVEGEC, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - J-Y Le Hesran
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) / Mère et enfant face aux infections tropicales (MERIT), UMR 216, Cotonou, Bénin
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Sissinto Epouse Savi De Tove Y, Ogouyemi-Hounto A, Azon-Kouanou A, Savi De Tove KM, Atadokpede F, Agbodande A, Akpo C, Massougbodji A, Kinde-Gazard D. Histoplasmose africaine : difficultés de prise en charge : à propos de 2 cas diagnostiques au Bénin. J Mycol Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2017.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ogouyemi-Hounto A, Kinde-Gazard D, Dide C, Atondeh N, Gounadon M, Massougbodji A. [Evaluation of the quality of malaria management during the transition period of political change in Benin]. Med Trop (Mars) 2011; 71:103. [PMID: 21585111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this retrospective study in 2006 was to evaluate the impact of control activities implemented within the framework of "Roll Back Malaria (RBM) program" on the medical indicators. Study was based on review of the files of children between 0 and 14 years treated in pediatric outpatient or hospital facilities for malaria confirmed by the thick drop smears from January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2005. A total of 1589 files were reviewed. Data was collected using a standardized form. From 2001 to 2005, the number of children treated for uncomplicated malaria seesawed while the number treated for complicated malaria increased. Proper treatment of uncomplicated malaria went from 58.78% in 2001 to 15.38% in 2005. In all study years, quinine was the most-used drug for uncomplicated malaria. Treatment of complicated malaria also improved from 40% in 2001 to 90.61% in 2005. Although malaria-related mortality remained low (< 2%), the death rate increased from 2001 to 2005. Proper treatment of uncomplicated malaria still poses a challenge using quinine indicated in complicated malaria cases. Based on these findings, it appears urgent for the MNCP to intensify training activities at the medical facilities. This is the only means of achieving the strategic goals of "initiative RBM".
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Ogouyemi-Hounto A, Zannou D, Metodakou D, Lafia B, Gomez V, Akinocho E. [Laboratory testing including CD4 T-cell count and determination of viral load to evaluate the impact of first line antiretroviral treatment at 6 months in adults in Benin]. Med Trop (Mars) 2010; 70:100. [PMID: 20337131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine lymphocyte CD4 T-cell count and circulating HIV-1 RNA load in HIV-infected adults starting first line antiretroviral treatment according to the revised 2006 WHO recommendations in Cotonou, Benin. A total of 1209 adults treated mainly by lamivudine/stavudine/nevirapine, were prospectively included between November 2006 and June 2007. CD4 T-cell counts and HIV viral load (measured by branched DNA assay, Siemens, Tarytown, New York, USA) were evaluated at 6 months of treatment. Mean CD4 T-cell count showed a marked increase at six months of treatment (93/mm3 at baseline versus 387/mm3 at 6 months) with 65.2% of patients reaching a CD4 T-cell level higher than 200/mm3 and 34.8% showing CD4 T-cell counts lower than 200/mm3. At 6 months, HIV 1 viral load was undetectable (<2.70 log10 copies/ml) in only 54 patients (16.7%), detectable but lower than 3.0 log10 copies/ml in 522 (73%) patients, and high, i.e., still greater than 3.7 log10 copies/ml in 188 (27%) patients. After 18 months of follow up, 499 patients (41.3%) had undetectable circulating viral load. The three main findings of this study are that at 6 months of antiretroviral treatment i) one-third of patients remained at risk for opportunistic infection (CD4<200/mm3), ii) one-fourth met criteria for virological failure (> 5000 copies/ml), and iii) concordance between immunological and virological responses was frequent but discordance responses were observed in more than 10% of patients. Taken together, these findings underline the need to improve compliance and laboratory follow-up in patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy in Africa.
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Ogouyemi-Hounto A, Kinde-Gazard D, Nahum A, Abdillahi A, Massougbodji A. [Management of malaria in Benin: evaluation of the practices of healthcare professionals following the introduction of artemisinin derivatives]. Med Trop (Mars) 2009; 69:561-564. [PMID: 20099669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In 2004 the policy for malaria management in Benin changed when the National Malaria Coordination Program (NMCP) introduced artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) for treatment of uncomplicated malaria. Up to that time, chloroquine had been used for first-line therapy against uncomplicated malaria and sulfadoxine pyrimethamine had been used in case of failure. Artemisinin derivatives have been used for monotherapy in Benin since 2002. The purpose of this transverse study carried out among public and private centers in Cotonou from March 16 to May 17, 2005 was to determine the impact of the switch to ACT on the practices of healthcare professionals. Medical centers were randomly selected from each stratum after identification and stratification of all facilities in the healthcare pyramid. A survey questionnaire was sent to healthcare workers. A total of 690 health workers responded to the questionnaire. Most responders (95.5%) were familiar with artemisinin but a lower percentage (89.6%) prescribed them. Responders were less knowledgable about ACT drugs and Coartem was the best known combination in the minds of prescribers. Biological diagnosis was available for 50% of patients. Artemisinine (derivates) were mainly prescribed as a second choice treatment and as monotherapy whether for severe or uncomplicated malaria. They were prescribed to pregnant women in 34.6% of the cases. Dosage was incorrect in 26.1% of cases in adults and 20.9% of cases in children. These findings indicate that more effort is needed to inform healthcare workers. This is especially urgent since the country is now considering revising its malaria management policy to make ACT available at all levels of the healthcare system. An effective information campaign must be set up to ensure that health workers and drug retailers throughout the country are duly informed of the new malaria treatment policy.
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