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Adejumo OA, Enikuomehin AC, Ogunleye A, Osungbemiro WB, Adelosoye AA, Akinbodewa AA, Lawal OM, Ngoka SC, Junaid OA, Okonkwo K, Alli EO, Oloyede RO. Cardiovascular risk factors and kidney function among automobile mechanic and their association with serum heavy metals in Southwest Nigeria: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292364. [PMID: 37819988 PMCID: PMC10566715 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is huge due to its associated morbidity, mortality and adverse socio-economic impact. Environmental pollution as a risk factor contributes significantly to the burden of CVD, especially in the low and middle income countries. One of the effective strategies to reduce CVD burden is to prevent or detect cardiovascular risk factors early in at-risk population. This study determined some cardiovascular risk factors, kidney function, and their association with heavy metals among automobile mechanics. METHOD This was a cross-sectional study involving 162 automobile mechanics and 81 age and sex matched controls. Serum levels of lead, cadmium and some cardiovascular risks were assessed and compared in the two groups. Associations between serum lead, cadmium and some cardiovascular risks were determined using correlation analysis. P value of <0.05 was taken as significant. RESULTS The mean ages of the automobile mechanics and controls were 47.27±9.99 years and 48.94±10.34 years, respectively. The prevalence of elevated serum cadmium was significantly higher in the automobile mechanics (25.9% vs 7.9%; p = <0.001). The significant cardiovascular risk factors in the automobile mechanics vs controls were elevated total cholesterol (32.1% vs 18.5%; p = 0.017), hyperuricemia (20.4% vs 1.2%; p = <0.001), elevated blood glucose (16.0% vs 4.9% p = 0.013); and alcohol use (55.1% vs 30.0%; p = 0.001). Among the automobile mechanics, there were significant positive correlations between serum cadmium, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) (p = 0.024; r = 0.382) and triglyceride (p = 0.020; r = 0.391). Significant positive correlation was found between serum lead and neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) (p = <0.001; r = 0.329). There were significant positive correlation between serum cadmium level, AIP (p = 0.016; r = 0.373) and TG (p = 0.004; r = 0.439); between serum lead and NGAL in all the study participants (p = 0.005; r = 0.206). CONCLUSION Automobile mechanics have notable exposure to heavy metals and a higher prevalence of some cardiovascular risk factors. Health education and sensitisation as well as policies that would regulate exposure of persons to heavy metals should be implemented in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluseyi Ademola Adejumo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | | | - Adeyemi Ogunleye
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | | | - Alex Adedotun Adelosoye
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | | | - Olutoyin Morenike Lawal
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Stanley Chidozie Ngoka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University Teaching Hospital, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
| | | | - Kenechukwu Okonkwo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Oladimeji Alli
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria
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Adejumo O, Ogundele O, Mamven M, Oyedepo D, Ntaji M, Mohammed A, Bello Lawal AT, Onyebuchi OS, Akakuru OK, Lawal OM, Akinbodewa AA, Akinbode AO, Enikuomehin AC, Ngoka S, Lade-Ige TS. Assessment of hypertension service availability in some primary health centres in Nigeria: a mixed-methods study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e073833. [PMID: 37553197 PMCID: PMC10414086 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Strengthening primary health centre (PHC) systems is a potentially effective strategy to reduce the burden of non-communicable diseases in Nigeria, a low/middle-income country with limited resources. The aim of this study was to assess hypertension service availability in some PHCs in Nigeria and seek recommendations that could facilitate improved services from PHC workers. DESIGN Explanatory sequential mixed-methods study. SETTINGS PHCs in the six geopolitical zones and Federal Capital City of Nigeria. PARTICIPANTS Eighteen PHC workers and 305 PHC facilities. METHOD Hypertension service availability and readiness were assessed in PHCs across Nigeria using a pro forma adapted from the WHO Service Readiness and Assessment tool. Eighteen workers in the PHCs were subsequently interviewed for in-depth exploration of hypertension service availability and readiness. FINDINGS Among the 305 health facilities assessed, 96 (31.5%) were in urban, 94 (30.8%) in semiurban and 115 (37.7%) in rural local government areas. Majority of the health facilities (43.0%) were manned by community extension workers. Only 1.6% and 19.7% of the health facilities had physicians and pharmacy technicians, respectively. About 22.3% of the providers had training in hypertension in the last 1 year. All the PHCs lacked adequate supply of essential antihypertensive medications. The identified deficiencies were less common in the urban PHCs compared with others. Qualitative analysis showed that the personnel, essential facilities and medicines required to provide hypertension services in the PHCs were inadequate. Suggested recommendations to successfully provide these services were provision of performance-based incentives; adequate staffing and training; supportive supervision of staff; provision of adequate equipment and essential medicines for hypertension management; provision of conducive environment for clients; and community engagement and participation. CONCLUSION Majority of the PHCs are currently not adequately equipped to provide hypertension services. Addressing identified gaps and using suggestions provided will guarantee successful provision of effective services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluseyi Adejumo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Olorunfemi Ogundele
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Manmak Mamven
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Abuja, Gwagwalada, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria
| | - Dapo Oyedepo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara, Nigeria
| | - Maureen Ntaji
- Department of Community Medicine, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Alkali Mohammed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi, Bauchi, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Ogbonnaya Kingsley Akakuru
- Department of Logistics and Essential Drugs, Primary Health Care Development Agency, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
| | - Olutoyin Morenike Lawal
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | | | - Akeem Opeyemi Akinbode
- Department of Family Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Birnin Keffi, Keffi State, Nigeria
| | | | - Stanley Ngoka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University Teaching Hospital, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
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Enikuomehin AC, Adejumo OA, Akinbodewa AA, Muhammad FY, Lawal OM, Junaid OA. Type 2 diabetes mellitus risk assessment among doctors in Ondo state. Malawi Med J 2021; 33:114-120. [PMID: 34777706 PMCID: PMC8560352 DOI: 10.4314/mmj.v33i2.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has become a disease of public health importance in Nigeria. Early identification of DM risk is important in the reduction of this disease burden. This study assessed ten-year risk of developing type 2 DM among some medical doctors in Ondo State. Methods This was a cross-sectional study that assessed ten-year risk of developing type 2 DM among some doctors using the Finland Diabetic Risk Score form. Known diabetics were excluded from the study. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure and total DM risk score were determined for each participant. Results One hundred and ninety-two doctors participated in the study with a male: female ratio of 1.3:1. Majority (92.2%) were below 55 years, 22 (11.5%) were obese, 32(16.7%) had central obesity, 46(24%) reported physical inactivity, 49(25.5%) had family history of DM, 141(73.4%) do not take fruits and vegetables regularly. Forty-three (22.4%) were found to have elevated blood pressure while 6(3.1%) had elevated blood glucose. Fifty-seven (29.7%) of the participants had increased ten-year DM risk. Significant predictors of increase DM risk were age ≥ 45 years (AOR:9.08; CI 3.13–26.33; p = <0.001); BMI ≥25kg/m2 (AOR:11.41; CI:4.14–31.45; p = <0.001); family history of DM (AOR:9.93; CI:3.25–30.39; p = <0.001); abdominal obesity (AOR:6.66; CI:2.08–21.29; p= < 0.001); and infrequent dietary intake of fruits and vegetable (AOR:3.11;CI:1.03:9.37: p = 0.04) Conclusion There was increased 10-year DM risk in about 30% of the participants. Lifestyle modification such as physical activity and regular consumption of fruits and vegetables should be encouraged among doctors.
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Adejumo OA, Okaka EI, Akinbodewa AA, Iyawe OI, Edeki IR, Abolarin OS. Self-perceived Burden on Caregivers, Anxiety and Depression among Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in Southern Nigeria. West Afr J Med 2021; 38:335-341. [PMID: 33900716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psychosocial problems are common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and are associated with poor overall outcomes; however, their evaluation has not received the deserved attention. This study assessed self-perceived burden on caregivers, psychosocial wellbeing, anxiety and depression among CKD patients, and the impact on their quality of life (QoL) in two hospitals in Nigeria. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study. Self-perceived burden on caregivers, QoL, anxiety, and depression of the patients, were assessed using the Cousineau questionnaire, modified SF-12 questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, respectively. RESULTS There were 141 participants in the study comprising 50 haemodialysis (HD) patients, 41 pre-dialysis CKD patients and 50 controls. The male: female ratio for CKD patients and controls were 1.1 and 1.4 respectively. Prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms in the CKD patients were 46.2% and 33.0% respectively. The QoL score was significantly higher in the control group compared to the CKD patients (p= <0.001) and significantly lower in the HD patients compared to the pre-dialysis CKD patients (p= <0.001). Self-perceived burden score was significantly higher in the HD group compared to the pre-dialysis CKD group (p = < 0.001) There was a negative correlation between QoL score and self-perceived burden, hospital anxiety score and hospital depression score (p =<0.001). CONCLUSION Psychological disorders and self-perceived burdens are highly prevalent among CKD patients. They have negative impact on their QoL, hence regular evaluation and management of these disorders should be incorporated into the care of CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Adejumo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - E I Okaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - A A Akinbodewa
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - O I Iyawe
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - I R Edeki
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - O S Abolarin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria
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Adejumo OA, Akinbodewa AA, Ogunleye A, Okaka EI, Lamidi O, Akinbo E. Metabolic Syndrome and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk in a Population Of Market Women in a Semi-Urban Town, South-West Nigeria. West Afr J Med 2020; 37:666-670. [PMID: 33185264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is a non-communicable disease of global significance. The presence of MS denotes increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The global prevalence of MS is on the increase because of lifestyle changes like consumption of high calorie, low fibre foods coupled with reduced physical activity OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of MS and its components and to estimate atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk in a population of market women. METHODS A cross-sectional, observational study among female traders in a market in South-western Nigeria. MS was determined using the harmonized NCEP-ATPIII and IDF criteria. The ASCVD risk estimator by the American College of Cardiologists and American Heart Association was used to assess ASCVD risk. RESULTS One hundred and sixty-nine female traders aged 23 to 80 years with a mean age of 52.8±13.2 years were involved in the study. Overweight and obesity were seen in 61 (36.5%) and 57 (34.1%) participants respectively. Prevalence of MS was 34.9% and the most frequent components of MS were hypertension (62.1%), low HDL-cholesterol (53.8%) and elevated serum triglycerides (18.3%). MS was associated with increasing age (p= 0.010) and BMI (p= 0.009). Significant 10-year ASCVD risk was found in 63 (52.1%) out of 121 participants eligible for ASCVD risk estimation. Significant 10-year ASCVD risk was found in 33(67%) out of 59 participants with MS. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated significant risk for cardiovascular disease in a population of market women. A more active lifestyle, appropriate diet and treatment of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Adejumo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - A A Akinbodewa
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - A Ogunleye
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - E I Okaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - O Lamidi
- Department of Internal Dietetics, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - E Akinbo
- Department of Nursing, Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Nigeria
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Abstract
In November 2009, an outbreak of a new strain of coronavirus (later named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first noticed in the city of Wuhan in China, rapidly spreading to assume pandemic proportions within a short period of time. The disease was subsequently designated as coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). The death toll has continued to rise with grave health and socio-economic implications for individuals, families and nations globally. Although the respiratory tract is primarily involved in this disease, kidney affectation is increasingly reported and has been shown to worsen the prognosis of the disease. Current evidence shows that kidney disease is not uncommon in patients with coronavirus infection especially in those with COVID-19 and may arise from a constellation of factors such as hypotension, sepsis, rhabdomyolysis, multi-organ failure, use of nephrotoxic medications as well as direct infection in some cases. Factors associated with acute kidney injury in coronavirus infected patients may include elderly age, male sex, presence of co-morbidities as well as pre-existing chronic kidney disease and end stage renal disease. Although, there is presently no effective treatment for COVID-19, there is room for conservative management, extracorporeal therapy and renal replacement therapy. The aim of this review was to integrate current and emerging evidences on renal disease resulting from COVID-19 and the previous epidemics of coronavirus infections including the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) caused by other strains of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oghenekaro Godwin Egbi
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital, Okolobiri, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
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Oladipo EK, Ariyo OE, Ibukun FI, Osasona OG, Akinbodewa AA, Abejegah C, Oloke JK. A critical appraisal of COVID-19 as a nosocomial infection: an African perspective. Pan Afr Med J 2020; 36:310. [PMID: 33282093 PMCID: PMC7687480 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2020.36.310.25010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The pandemic of Coronavirus disease 19 is not abating since the outbreak began in December 2019. Africa is currently experiencing a surge after an initial low incidence and nosocomial infections could be contributing to this. A dominant factor responsible for this is a weak healthcare system because of many years of neglect due to abysmal budgetary allocation to the sector. The testing capacity for COVID-19 diagnosis in Africa is grossly inadequate coupled with a severe shortage of personal protective equipment and inadequate infectious diseases expert. These factors exposed the frontline health workers and patients to the hazard of nosocomial infection with the attendants´ morbidity and mortality. Deliberate efforts need to be made toward reducing nosocomial COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elijah Kolawole Oladipo
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bioinformatics and Immunology, Adeleke University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria.,Genomics Unit, Helix Biogen Consult, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Olumuyiwa Elijah Ariyo
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Unit, Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Francis Ifedayo Ibukun
- Salvato Laboratory, Division of Infectious Agents and Cancer, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Oluwadamilola Gideon Osasona
- African Center of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Redeemers University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria.,Department of Biological Sciences, Redeemers University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Ayodeji Akinwumi Akinbodewa
- Department of Medicine, Kidney Care Center, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Chukwuyem Abejegah
- Infection Control and Research Center, Community Health Department, Federal Medical Center, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Julius Kola Oloke
- Department of Natural Science, Precious Cornerstone University, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
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Adejumo OA, Akinbodewa AA, Enikuomehin OC, Lawal OM, Abolarin OS, Alli OE. Pregnancy-related acute kidney injury: Etiologies and short-term outcomes in a tertiary hospital in Southwest Nigeria. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2020; 30:1423-1430. [PMID: 31929290 DOI: 10.4103/1319-2442.275487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the incidence of pregnancy-related acute kidney injury (PRAKI) is declining in developing countries, it still remains a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the etiologies, short-term outcomes, and their predictors in patients with PRAKI managed in a tertiary health facility in Southwest Nigeria over a four-year period. This was a four-year retrospective review of clinical records of patients managed for PRAKI in University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo State, Nigeria. Thirty-two women with a mean age of 31.09 ± 7.50 years had PRAKI during the period reviewed. Twenty-four (75%) patients were multiparous and PRAKI was most common in the postpartum period (56.3%). Twenty-three patients (71.9%) were in RIFLE Stage 3, 24 (75%) received blood transfusion, 5 (15.6%) required intensive care unit (ICU) care, 24 (75%) needed dialysis while 19 (59.4%) had hemodialysis. The common causes of PRAKI were obstetric hemorrhage in 16 (50%), sepsis in seven (21.9%), and eclampsia in six (18.8%). Maternal and fetal mortality were 34.4% and 50% respectively. Seventeen (53.1%) had full renal recovery and only one (3.1%) became dialysis dependent. Significant factors that were associated with maternal mortality were admission to ICU (P = 0.01), hypotension (P = 0.02), and impaired consciousness (P <0.001) PRAKI is still relatively common and significantly contributes to maternal and perinatal mortality in Nigeria. Obstetric hemorrhage which is the most common cause of PRAKI is preventable and treatable. There is a need for physicians to effectively prevent and manage obstetric hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Adejumo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kidney Care Centre, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - A A Akinbodewa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kidney Care Centre, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - O C Enikuomehin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kidney Care Centre, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - O M Lawal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kidney Care Centre, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - O S Abolarin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kidney Care Centre, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - O E Alli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kidney Care Centre, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria
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Adejumo OA, Akinbodewa AA, Iyawe IO, Emmanuel A, Ogungbemi O. Assessment of knowledge of chronic kidney disease among non-nephrology nurses in Akure, South-West Nigeria. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2019; 29:1417-1423. [PMID: 30588975 DOI: 10.4103/1319-2442.248288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Health workers require adequate knowledge of chronic kidney disease (CKD) to be able to play their role in reducing the burden of CKD. Most previous studies focused on assessing knowledge of doctors on CKD; however, nurses are also important in primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of CKD. This study assessed the knowledge of non-nephrology nurses on CKD with the aim of identifying areas of knowledge gaps which will be targets for future educational programs. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out among nurses in Akure, Southwest Nigeria during their mandatory continuing professional development program required for practicing license renewal. Knowledge of CKD was assessed using self-administered pretested questionnaires. P <0.05 was taken as significant. One-hundred nurses participated in the study with a male:female ratio of 1:3.7. The mean duration of their nursing experience was 14.5 ± 9.1 years. Only 15% had nephrology posting during their training. Six (6%) of the respondents had good knowledge of CKD, 55 (55%) had fair knowledge, and 37 (37%) had poor knowledge. Only 5% was aware of renal care policy in Nigeria. Junior and intermediate cadre nurses had better knowledge of CKD than senior cadre nurses (P = 0.004). Nurses who had nephrology posting during their training had significantly higher mean knowledge score than others (14.38 ± 2.25 vs. 12.93 ± 3.10, P = 0.036). There were significant deficiencies in the knowledge of CKD among non-nephrology nurses who participated in the study. Junior and intermediate cadre nurses and those who had nephrology postings had better knowledge of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluseyi Ademola Adejumo
- Department of Medicine, Kidney Care Center, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Akinbo Emmanuel
- Department of Nursing, Kidney Care Center, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria
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Akinbodewa AA, Gbadegesin BA, Adejumo OA, Ahmed SD, Uwameiye O, Dada SA, Okunola O, Osho PO. A Multicentre Study of Awareness and Practice of Vaccination Against Infectious Diseases Among Haemo-Dialysis Subjects in Nigeria. West Afr J Med 2019; 36:239-245. [PMID: 31622486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies indicate that immunization against vaccine-preventable infectious diseases lowers mortality among Chronic Kidney Disease/dialysis patients and improve their quality of life. However, their knowledge and practice of this appears to be poor in Nigeria and parts of Africa. OBJECTIVES We set out to determine subjects' awareness of vaccination against preventable infectious diseases and its impact on their participation in vaccination programs. METHODS A prospective, cross-sectional study. Data was collated using questionnaires, laboratory results and dialysis entries and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics19. RESULTS One hundred and twenty-four participants (mean age, 48.26±14.45 years) undergoing maintenance haemodialysis were studied. Sixty-two subjects (50.4%), 15.3% and 16.9% had heard of Hepatitis B Virus, S. pneumoniae and H. influenza virus respectively. Thirty-four (54.6%) of the participants first heard of these infections from sources other than healthcare personnel. Of the three common infections, study participants only received formal counselling on Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection. Majority had never heard of S. pneumoniae or H. influenzae. Seven (5.7%) had completed their HBV immunisation schedule only. Better educated participants were more aware of necessary vaccination against Hepatitis B Virus (p=0.000) S. pneumoniae (p=0.005) and H. influenza virus (p = 0.003). A significantly higher proportion of participants who received health-personnel driven formal education commenced vaccination against Hepatitis B virus (p=0.000). CONCLUSION Awareness and practice of vaccination against infectious diseases by haemodialysis patients was found to be poor. Defective system and practice of information dissemination by healthcare workers was remarkably contributory.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Akinbodewa
- Kidney Care Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - B A Gbadegesin
- Renal Unit, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Ogbomosho, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - O A Adejumo
- Kidney Care Centre,Medical Village,University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital,Ondo City, Ondo State,Nigeria
| | - S D Ahmed
- Renal Unit, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State
| | - O Uwameiye
- Renal Unit, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - S A Dada
- Renal Unit, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - O Okunola
- Renal Unit, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - P O Osho
- Department of Haematolgy , University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo City, Nigeria
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Akinbodewa AA, Ogunleye A, Adejumo OA, Daomi VO, Okunola O, Oluwafemi TT, Alli EO, Olalusi VO, Osho PO, Lamidi OA, Fadipe F, Falekulo OK. Study of association between sickle cell trait and renal dysfunction among young adults in South-west Nigeria. Niger J Clin Pract 2019; 22:201-207. [PMID: 30729943 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_253_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Although sickle cell disease has become a recognized etiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD), the sickle cell trait (SCT) variant was until recently believed to be a benign carrier state with little or no effect on the health of affected individuals. However, recent studies now appear to suggest an association between SCT and CKD. Objective The objective of the study is to determine the association between SCT (hemoglobin AS) and renal dysfunction among young Nigerian adults. Methodology This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study among apparently healthy undergraduates of Adeyemi College of Education, Ondo, southwest Nigeria. Their hemoglobin genotypes were determined using standard alkaline electrophoresis; their blood pressure, anthropometry, serum total cholesterol (TC), creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were determined. Data analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 20 were significant at P < 0.05. Results Six hundred and two subjects with HbAS (SCT, n = 465) and HbAA (non-SCT, n = 137) were studied. Their age range was 18-30 years with male-to-female ratio 1:3.8. There was no difference in the prevalence of renal dysfunction between SCT and non-SCT subjects (5.1% vs. 5.2%, P = 0.591). There was no increased risk of CKD among subjects with SCT (PR, 0.99 at 95% CI [0.417-2.348]). Conclusion SCT was not associated with increased risk of renal dysfunction among young adults in Nigeria. Further studies are needed to clarify the controversy, especially in Nigeria, with a relatively higher prevalence of SCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Akinbodewa
- Department of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - A Ogunleye
- Department of Medical Laboratory Services, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - O A Adejumo
- Department of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - V O Daomi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Services, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - O Okunola
- Renal Unit, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile Ife, Nigeria
| | - T T Oluwafemi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Services, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - E O Alli
- Department of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - V O Olalusi
- Department of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - P O Osho
- Department of Haematology, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - O A Lamidi
- Department of Dietetics, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - F Fadipe
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - O K Falekulo
- Department of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo, Nigeria
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12
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Akinbodewa AA, Adejumo OA, Ogunsemoyin AO, Osasan SA, Adefolalu OA. Co-existing autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and nephrotic syndrome in a Nigerian patient with lupus nephritis. Ann Afr Med 2016; 15:83-6. [PMID: 27044732 PMCID: PMC5402818 DOI: 10.4103/1596-3519.179735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A little over 30 cases on co-existing nephrotic syndrome and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) have been reported from different regions of the world since 1957. We present a case report on co-existence of nephrotic syndrome (secondary to lupus nephritis) with ADPKD in a 24-year-old woman from Nigeria. She was positive for anti-double stranded DNA. Renal histology showed International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society Class II lupus nephritis. The co-existence of nephrotic syndrome and ADPKD may have been overlooked in Africa in the past. There is a need to screen for nephrotic syndrome in patients with ADPKD among clinicians in the African setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Akinbodewa
- Kidney Care Centre, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo State, Nigeria
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13
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Akinbodewa AA, Adejumo OA, Adejumo OA, Adebayo FY, Akinbodewa GO, Alli EO, Benson MA. Evaluation of administration of discharge against medical advice: Ethico-legal considerations. Niger Postgrad Med J 2016; 23:141-145. [PMID: 27623726 DOI: 10.4103/1117-1936.190346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Discharge against medical advice (DAMA) portends serious ethico-legal consequences for healthcare givers. Several studies have described its prevalence and pattern but hardly any to evaluate adherence to standards by medical staff while administering DAMA in developing countries. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to evaluate adherence of medical staff to standard protocols during the administration of DAMA in a public secondary hospital in Ondo State. METHODOLOGY In a descriptive, retrospective study we examined case files and DAMA forms of in-patients who obtained DAMA between April 2014 and September 2015 for design, signatories and completeness. Data were analysed by means of SPSS version 17. RESULTS A total of 235 patients (male:female, 1.03:1) who obtained DAMA out of 7465 in-patients were studied. Their mean age was 40.5 ± 19.3 years (range, 17-110 years). The overall hospital DAMA prevalence was 3.2%. DAMA forms were inadequately designed, deficient and not protective against litigation. Improper processing of DAMA was high (66.7%). The only signatories in the DAMA forms were the nurses (8.5%) and patients' relatives (100%). There was no physician entry in the forms. CONCLUSIONS Adherence to standard DAMA protocol by medical staff was poor. Update courses on ethico-legal matters, adopting a discharge planning team, upgrading of DAMA forms and stressing global best practices will reduce or eliminate risk of litigations.
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Abstract
Co-occurrence of aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity is rare, possibly as a result of divergent mechanisms of tissue damage despite similarities in the anatomy of the inner ear and the proximal renal tubular epithelium. We present the case of a 63-year-old hypertensive woman who developed nonoliguric acute exacerbation of chronic renal failure and sudden onset of sensorineural deafness after receiving daily injections of gentamicin. Coexisting ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity from aminoglycosides can occur, though rare. Adverse effects of aminoglycosides are better prevented by a careful exercise of discretion by prescribers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Akinbodewa
- Department of Medicine, Kidney Care Centre, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - O Okunola
- Department of Renal Unit, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
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