1
|
Polat EB, Hazar-Yavuz AN, Guler E, Ozcan GS, Taskin T, Duruksu G, Elcioglu HK, Yazır Y, Cam ME. Sublingual Administration of Teucrium Polium-Loaded Nanofibers with Ultra-Fast Release in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:1068-1087. [PMID: 38123068 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Teucrium polium (TP) methanolic extract, which has antidiabetic activity and protects the β-cells of the pancreas, was loaded in polyethylene oxide/sodium alginate nanofibers by electrospinning and administered sublingually to evaluate their effectiveness in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by cell culture and in vivo studies. The gene expressions of insulin, glucokinase, GLUT-1, and GLUT-2 improved in TP-loaded nanofibers (TPF) on human beta cells 1.1B4 and rat beta cells BRIN-BD11. Fast-dissolving (<120 s) sublingual TPF exhibited better sustainable anti-diabetic activity than the suspension form, even in the twenty times lower dosage in streptozotocin/nicotinamide-induced T2DM rats. The levels of GLP-1, GLUT-2, SGLT-2, PPAR-γ, insulin, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were improved. TP and TPF treatments ameliorated morphological changes in the liver, pancreas, and kidney. The fiber diameter increased, tensile strength decreased, and the working temperature range enlarged by loading TP in fibers. Thus, TPF has proven to be a novel supportive treatment approach for T2DM with the features of being non-toxic, easy to use, and effective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elif Beyzanur Polat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkiye
| | - Ayse Nur Hazar-Yavuz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkiye
| | - Ece Guler
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkiye; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul Kent University, Istanbul 34406, Türkiye; Center for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials Application and Research, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkiye; MecNano Technologies, Cube Incibation, Teknopark Istanbul, Istanbul 34906, Türkiye
| | - Gul Sinemcan Ozcan
- MecNano Technologies, Cube Incibation, Teknopark Istanbul, Istanbul 34906, Türkiye; Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Applied Center, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41380, Turkiye
| | - Turgut Taskin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkiye
| | - Gokhan Duruksu
- Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkiye
| | - Hatice Kubra Elcioglu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkiye
| | - Yusufhan Yazır
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Applied Center, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41380, Turkiye
| | - Muhammet Emin Cam
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkiye; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul Kent University, Istanbul 34406, Türkiye; Center for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials Application and Research, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkiye; MecNano Technologies, Cube Incibation, Teknopark Istanbul, Istanbul 34906, Türkiye; Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkiye; Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal; SFA R&D Laboratories, Teknopark Istanbul, Istanbul 34906, Türkiye; ATA BIO Technology, Teknopol Istanbul, Istanbul 34930, Türkiye.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ertas B, Hazar-Yavuz AN, Topal F, Keles-Kaya R, Karakus Ö, Ozcan GS, Taskin T, Cam ME. Rosa canina L. improves learning and memory-associated cognitive impairment by regulating glucose levels and reducing hippocampal insulin resistance in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 313:116541. [PMID: 37088237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Recent studies claim that Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) overlap in several common pathological pathways which from neuronal damage to impaired memory performance. It is known that the use of Rosa canina L. (R. canina) as medicine in folk medicine dates back to ancient times and is used in the treatment of nervous diseases in Persian medicine. However, the effect of R. canina on diabetes-related cognitive decline and memory impairment has not yet been studied. AIM OF THE STUDY We evaluated the impact of T2DM on AD-like alterations and examined the molecular mechanism of a possible effect of R. canina on cognitive alterations in diabetic rats. MATERIALS&METHODS R. canina ethanol extract was obtained by maceration method. This study was performed with male Spraque-Dawley rats fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks, low-dose streptozotocin (STZ; 35 mg/kg IP) injection for 4 weeks, and R. canina (250 mg/kg; per oral) and metformin (400 mg/kg; per oral) administration for 4 weeks. The weight and blood glucose of rats were measured weekly. To evaluate glucose tolerance area under the curve (AUC) was calculated by performing an oral glucose tolerance test. Then the rats were subjected to behavioural tests, and their hippocampus and cortex tissues were obtained for biochemical and morphological analyses. RESULTS R. canina could manage glucose responsiveness by reducing post-prandial blood glucose levels, preventing weight loss, and raising serum insulin levels in T2DM-induced rats. Behavioural tests showed that R. canina significantly improves diabetes-related cognitive decline in recall and long-term memory. Treatment with R. canina significantly reversed HFD/STZ-induced increases in insulin, amyloid-β, amyloid precursor protein levels, and acetylcholinesterase activity in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Furthermore, histological analyzes revealed the protection of R. canina against neuronal disruption in the cortical and hippocampal CA3 region caused by chronic hyperglycemia. CONCLUSION Analyzed collectively, these results suggest that R. canina can correct T2DM-related cognitive decline may be attributed to insulin pathway modulation, prevention of amyloid deposition, and increased cholinergic transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Busra Ertas
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, 34854, Turkey; Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, 34722, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Nur Hazar-Yavuz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, 34854, Turkey
| | - Fadime Topal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, 34854, Turkey
| | - Rumeysa Keles-Kaya
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, 34854, Turkey
| | - Özge Karakus
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, 34854, Turkey
| | - Gul Sinemcan Ozcan
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Applied Center, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, 41380, Turkey
| | - Turgut Taskin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, 34854, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Emin Cam
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, 34854, Turkey; Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, 34722, Istanbul, Turkey; UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal Free Hospital Campus, University College London, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, UK; Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; Center for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials Application and Research, Marmara University, Istanbul, 34722, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Guler E, Nur Hazar-Yavuz A, Tatar E, Morid Haidari M, Sinemcan Ozcan G, Duruksu G, Graça MPF, Kalaskar DM, Gunduz O, Emin Cam M. Oral empagliflozin-loaded tri-layer core-sheath fibers fabricated using tri-axial electrospinning: Enhanced in vitro and in vivo antidiabetic performance. Int J Pharm 2023; 635:122716. [PMID: 36791999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Empagliflozin (EM) was successfully loaded in polycaprolactone/poly (L-lactic acid)/polymethyl methacrylate (PCL/PLA/PMMA) fibers. In the rat β-cell line (BRIN-BD11), the insulin expression ratio of pancreatic β-cells was stimulated at high and low glucose by culturing with tri-layer EM-loaded fiber (EMF) for 48 h. The expression ratios of glucokinase and GLUT-2 proteins increased after EMF treatment. According to the in vitro drug release test, 97% of all drug contained in fibers was released in a controlled manner for 24 h. The pharmacokinetic test revealed that the bioavailability was improved ∼4.8-fold with EMF treatment compared to EM-powder and blood glucose level was effectively controlled for 24 h with EMF. Oral administration of EMF exhibited a better sustainable anti-diabetic activity even in the half-dosage than EM-powder in streptozotocin/nicotinamide-induced T2DM rats. The levels of GLP-1, PPAR-γ, and insulin were increased while the levels of SGLT-2 and TNF-α were decreased with EMF treatment. Also, EMF recovered the histopathological changes in the liver, pancreas, and kidney in T2DM rats and protected pancreatic β-cells. Consequently, EMF is suggested as an unprecedented and promotive treatment approach for T2DM with a higher bioavailability and better antidiabetic effect compared to conventional dosage forms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ece Guler
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkey; Center for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials Application and Research, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey; UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal Free Hospital Campus, University College London, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Ayse Nur Hazar-Yavuz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkey
| | - Esra Tatar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkey
| | - Mohammad Morid Haidari
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkey
| | - Gul Sinemcan Ozcan
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Applied Center, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41380, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Duruksu
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Applied Center, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41380, Turkey
| | | | - Deepak M Kalaskar
- UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal Free Hospital Campus, University College London, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Oguzhan Gunduz
- Center for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials Application and Research, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey; Department of Metallurgy and Material Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Emin Cam
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkey; Center for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials Application and Research, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey; UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal Free Hospital Campus, University College London, Rowland Hill Street, NW3 2PF, UK; Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, 34854 Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cam ME, Ertas B, Alenezi H, Hazar-Yavuz AN, Cesur S, Ozcan GS, Ekentok C, Guler E, Katsakouli C, Demirbas Z, Akakin D, Eroglu MS, Kabasakal L, Gunduz O, Edirisinghe M. Accelerated diabetic wound healing by topical application of combination oral antidiabetic agents-loaded nanofibrous scaffolds: An in vitro and in vivo evaluation study. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2020; 119:111586. [PMID: 33321632 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The combination of oral antidiabetic drugs, pioglitazone, metformin, and glibenclamide, which also exhibit the strongest anti-inflammatory action among oral antidiabetic drugs, were loaded into chitosan/gelatin/polycaprolactone (PCL) by electrospinning and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)/PCL composite nanofibrous scaffolds by pressurized gyration to compare the diabetic wound healing effect. The combination therapies significantly accelerated diabetic wound healing in type-1 diabetic rats and organized densely packed collagen fibers in the dermis, it also showed better regeneration of the dermis and epidermis than single drug-loaded scaffolds with less inflammatory cell infiltration and edema. The formation of the hair follicles started in 14 days only in the combination therapy and lower proinflammatory cytokine levels were observed compared to single drug-loaded treatment groups. The combination therapy increased the wettability and hydrophilicity of scaffolds, demonstrated sustained drug release over 14 days, has high tensile strength and suitable cytocompatibility on L929 (mouse fibroblast) cell and created a suitable area for the proliferation of fibroblast cells. Consequently, the application of metformin and pioglitazone-loaded chitosan/gelatin/PCL nanofibrous scaffolds to a diabetic wound area offer high bioavailability, fewer systemic side effects, and reduced frequency of dosage and amount of drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Emin Cam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK; Center for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials Application and Research, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34716, Turkey.
| | - Busra Ertas
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34716, Turkey
| | - Hussain Alenezi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK; Department of Manufacturing Engineering, College of Technological Studies, PAAET, 13092 Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Ayse Nur Hazar-Yavuz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34716, Turkey
| | - Sumeyye Cesur
- Center for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials Application and Research, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey; Department of Metallurgy and Material Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Gul Sinemcan Ozcan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkey
| | - Ceyda Ekentok
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Ece Guler
- Center for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials Application and Research, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34716, Turkey
| | - Christina Katsakouli
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Zehra Demirbas
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara 06510, Turkey
| | - Dilek Akakin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul 34854, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sayip Eroglu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey; Chemistry Group Laboratories, TUBITAK-UME, Kocaeli 41470, Turkey
| | - Levent Kabasakal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34716, Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Gunduz
- Center for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials Application and Research, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey; Department of Metallurgy and Material Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Mohan Edirisinghe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cam ME, Hazar-Yavuz AN, Cesur S, Ozkan O, Alenezi H, Turkoglu Sasmazel H, Sayip Eroglu M, Brako F, Ahmed J, Kabasakal L, Ren G, Gunduz O, Edirisinghe M. A novel treatment strategy for preterm birth: Intra-vaginal progesterone-loaded fibrous patches. Int J Pharm 2020; 588:119782. [PMID: 32822780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Progesterone-loaded poly(lactic) acid fibrous polymeric patches were produced using electrospinning and pressurized gyration for intra-vaginal application to prevent preterm birth. The patches were intravaginally inserted into rats in the final week of their pregnancy, equivalent to the third trimester of human pregnancy. Maintenance tocolysis with progesterone-loaded patches was elucidated by recording the contractile response of uterine smooth muscle to noradrenaline in pregnant rats. Both progesterone-loaded patches indicated similar results from release and thermal studies, however, patches obtained by electrospinning had smaller average diameters and more uniform dispersion compared to pressurized gyration. Patches obtained by pressurized gyration had better results in production yield and tensile strength than electrospinning; thereby pressurized gyration is better suited for scaled-up production. The patches did not affect cell attachment, viability, and proliferation on Vero cells negatively. Consequently, progesterone-loaded patches are a novel and successful treatment strategy for preventing preterm birth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Emin Cam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK; Center for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials Application and Research, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34668, Turkey.
| | - Ayse Nur Hazar-Yavuz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34668, Turkey
| | - Sumeyye Cesur
- Center for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials Application and Research, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey; Department of Metallurgy and Material Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Ozan Ozkan
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Atilim University, 06836 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hussain Alenezi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK; Department of Manufacturing Engineering, College of Technological Studies, PAAET, 13092 Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Hilal Turkoglu Sasmazel
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Atilim University, 06836 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sayip Eroglu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Marmara University, Faculty of Engineering, Goztepe Campus, 34722 Kadikoy/Istanbul, Turkey; TUBITAK-UME, Chemistry Group Laboratories, 41470 Gebze/Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Francis Brako
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK; School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Jubair Ahmed
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Levent Kabasakal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34668, Turkey
| | - Guogang Ren
- Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Division, School of Engineering and Technology, University of Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Oguzhan Gunduz
- Center for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials Application and Research, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey; Department of Metallurgy and Material Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Mohan Edirisinghe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ozbeyli D, Aykac A, Alaca N, Hazar-Yavuz AN, Ozkan N, Sener G. Protective effects of vortioxetine in predator scent stress model of post-traumatic stress disorder in rats: role on neuroplasticity and apoptosis. J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 70. [PMID: 31642818 DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2019.4.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be observed after a traumatic event. The effect of an antidepressant vortioxetine (Vrx) against PTSD is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective effect of Vrx in the predator scent-induced PTSD rat model. The rats were exposed to dirty cat litter for 10 min and the protocol was repeated 1 week later with clean cat litter as a trauma reminder. The rats received Vrx (10 mg/kg/p.o.) or saline (1 ml/kg/p.o.) during 7 days between two exposure sessions. Novel object recognition test, hole board test, and elevated plus maze were performed. The b-cell lymphoma (bcl-2)/bcl-2-associated X protein (bax) ratio, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), caspase-3 and -9 expressions were detected using Western blotting in the amygdaloid complex, hippocampus, and frontal cortex. Our results indicate that increased freezing time and anxiety index in the stress-induced group is decreased with Vrx application. Vrx treatment improved deteriorated recognition memory in the stress-induced group. Decreased bcl-2/bax ratio and BDNF level and increased caspase-3 and -9 expressions in the stress group, improved with Vrx in the amygdala, and hippocampus. Decreased bcl-2/bax ratio and increased casp-3 and -9 expressions in the stress group are ameliorated with Vrx in frontal cortex. The level of BDNF was increased with Vrx in the frontal cortex. Increased damage scores in the amygdaloid complex, hippocampal CA3, and frontal cortex in the stress group ameliorated with Vrx treatment. Our results show that if vortioxetine is administered immediately after trauma, it reduces anxiety, cognitive and neuronal impairment and may be protective against the development of PTSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Ozbeyli
- Department of Medical Pathology Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Aykac
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus. ;
| | - N Alaca
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A N Hazar-Yavuz
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - N Ozkan
- Department of Medical Pathology Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - G Sener
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cam ME, Hazar-Yavuz AN, Yildiz S, Ertas B, Ayaz Adakul B, Taskin T, Alan S, Kabasakal L. The methanolic extract of Thymus praecox subsp. skorpilii var. skorpilii restores glucose homeostasis, ameliorates insulin resistance and improves pancreatic β-cell function on streptozotocin/nicotinamide-induced type 2 diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 231:29-38. [PMID: 30399410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Thymus praecox subsp. skorpilii var. skorpilii (syn. Thymus praecox subsp. jankae (Celak.) Jalas) is consumed as a Turkish folk medicine for the treatment of spasm, sore throat and shortness of breath, also having strong antioxidant activity and the leaves of the plant have been utilized for the treatment of diabetes as the decoction in Turkey. AIM OF THE STUDY In the present study, we aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of antidiabetic action of Thymus praecox subsp. skorpilii var. skorpilii methanolic extract (TPSE) on streptozotocin (STZ)/nicotinamide (NA)-induced type 2 diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups; control, diabetes, TPSE (100 mg/kg b.w, p.o.) and metformin group (400 mg/kg b.w, p.o.). Diabetes was established in all groups except control group by 55 mg/kg STZ (i.p.) for once 15 min after 100 mg/kg NA injection. 3 days after STZ/NA injection, treatments were administered for three weeks and then rats were decapitated; tissue and blood samples were obtained for measuring the level of glucose transporters (both GLUTs and sodium glucose co-transporters (SGLTs)), enzymes related to glucose (Hexokinase (HK), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), α-glucosidase) and lipid metabolism (Acetyl-coenzyme carboxylase (ACC)), AST, ALT, creatinine, insulin, anti-inflammatory (IL-10) and inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) cytokines, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) and glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Histopathological alterations of the pancreas were examined. RESULTS After three weeks of treatment, TPSE has exhibited a significant reduction of plasma levels of the proinflammatory cytokines. Besides, TPSE treatment elevated plasma insulin levels and normalized blood glucose levels. Moreover, it improved the values of AMPK in liver and GLP-1 in pancreas. Increased α-glucosidase, PEPCK, GLUT-2 and SGLTs levels with the induction of diabetes considerably lowered with TPSE treatment. Especially on SGLT-2, TPSE achieved a more prominent decrease. After the atrophy in Langerhans islets due to diabetes induction, treatment was found to prevent the damage of islets. CONCLUSIONS Based on the findings presented here, it has been concluded that TPSE has marked antidiabetic effects through various pathways on STZ/NA-induced diabetic rats and it may potentially be used as an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Further research on isolation of the bioactive components is underway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Emin Cam
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Haydarpasa, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, WC1E 7JE London, UK; Advanced Nanomaterials Research Laboratory, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, Goztepe, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ayse Nur Hazar-Yavuz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Haydarpasa, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Sila Yildiz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Haydarpasa, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Busra Ertas
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Haydarpasa, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Betul Ayaz Adakul
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Haydarpasa, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Turgut Taskin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Haydarpasa, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Saadet Alan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
| | - Levent Kabasakal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Haydarpasa, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|