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Luan L, Liu N, Zheng BF, Zhang ZY, Song YF, Li L, Gan M, Cao L, Huang ZY, Ye JK, Zhang ZN, Liu XX, Chen JL, Wang CS, Cai B, Yu WZ. [Thoughts and suggestions on digital services to enhance the level of vaccination management]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 58:159-165. [PMID: 38387944 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20231012-00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
With the development of information technology and the increasing demand for vaccination services among the people, it is a definite trend to enhance the quality of vaccination services through digitization. This article starts with a clear concept of digital services for vaccination, introduces the current development status in China and abroad, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of existing models in leading regions, takes a glean from the summation, and proposes targeted solutions. This study suggests establishing a departmental coordination mechanism for data interconnection and sharing, formulating data standards and functional specifications, enhancing the functionalities of the immunization planning information system, strengthening data collection and analytical usage, and intensifying appointment management and science and health education to provide expert guidance for the construction of digital vaccination services across the country in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Luan
- Department of Immunization Program, Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - N Liu
- Department of Immunization Program, Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - B F Zheng
- Department of Immunization Program, Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Z Y Zhang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211112, China
| | - Y F Song
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - L Li
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - M Gan
- Institute of Immunization Program, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - L Cao
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Z Y Huang
- Institute of Immunization Program, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - J K Ye
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Z N Zhang
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - X X Liu
- Institute of Immunization Program, Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250021, China
| | - J L Chen
- Institute of Immunization Program, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350012, China
| | - C S Wang
- Institute of Immunization Program, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - B Cai
- Institute of Immunization Program, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - W Z Yu
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
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Ren JG, Cai B, Wang H, Wang XL, Cai DS. Effect of methoxymine on prevention and treatment of myocardial injury and cardiac function in elderly patients with hypotension during intraspinal anesthesia. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:11755-11763. [PMID: 38164838 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202312_34773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the effects of methoxamine to prevent hypotension in the elderly with intraspinal anesthesia (IA) on myocardial injury and cardiac function. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective study was conducted by enrolling sixty elderly patients who underwent femoral head replacement (FHR) under IA in our hospital from August 2019 to August 2020. The patients were divided into two groups according to the random number table method. In the control group (CG) (30 patients), 5 mg of ephedrine was administered sedately when patients developed hypotension (20% below basal blood pressure). In the research group (RG) (30 cases), 2 μg/(kg·h) of methoxamine hydrochloride was given as a constant-rate pump before anesthesia, and 1 mg of methoxamine hydrochloride was administered intraoperatively if hypotension occurred. The hemodynamic [systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR)], myocardial injury indexes [cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB), fatty acid binding protein (FABP), plasma amino-terminal brain natriuretic peptide precursor (NT-proBNP)], cardiac function indexes [systemic vascular resistance (SVR), stroke volume (SV), net percentage ejection time (ET)] were observed before anesthesia (T1), at the end of surgery (T2), and 6 h after surgery (T3) in both groups. The Bruggemann Comfort Score (BCS) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores at T3, 12 h postoperatively (T4) and 24 h postoperatively (T5) in both groups were observed, and the incidence of adverse reactions to intralesional anesthesia in both groups was counted. RESULTS SBP, DBP and HR at T2 were lower than those at T1 in both groups, and SBP, DBP and HR at T3 were higher than those at T2, and SBP, DBP and HR at T2 and T3 in the RG were higher than those in the CG (p<0.05). In both groups, cTnⅠ, CK-MB and FABP were higher at T2 and T3 than at T1, higher at T3 than at T2, and NT-proBNP was higher at T2 than at T1 and T3, and lower in the RG than in the CG (p<0.05). In both groups, SVR and SV at time point T2 were lower than at time point T1 and ET was higher than at time point T1, SVR and SV at time point T3 were higher than at time point T2 and ET was lower than at time point T2, SVR and SV in the RG were higher than in the CG and ET was lower than in the CG (p<0.05). VAS scores were higher in both groups at T4 and T5 than at T3, and lower in the RG than in the CG (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Methoxamine can effectively reduce the risk of hypotension in geriatric endotracheal anesthesia, which can reduce myocardial injury and stabilize cardiac function in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-G Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Danzhou People's Hospital, Danzhou, China.
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Montalvo SK, Arbab M, Gonzalez Y, Lin MH, Parsons DDM, Zhuang T, Cai B, Pompos A, Hannan R, Westover KD, Zhang Y, Timmerman RD, Iyengar P. Predictive Factors for Response to Adaptive Therapy in Thoracic Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e43. [PMID: 37785405 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Online adaptive radiotherapy (ART) has been increasingly adopted for clinical use. However, ART for thoracic malignancies has lagged beyond its implementation for other primary cancers. Efforts are needed to identify optimal patients for ART by finding trends for changes in tumor position, shape, or proximity to OARs are needed. We hypothesized tumor size, histology, pre-RT SUV value, and intrathoracic location could influence how tumors change during cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based ART Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SAbR) for thoracic disease. MATERIALS/METHODS Data was collected from a prospective registry of patients who received CBCT-ART and SAbR for primary and secondary lung tumors. Dosimetry data was obtained from the simulation planning and the daily adaptive workflow. Central lung tumors were defined as those located within 2 cm of the bronchial tree. Plans were either delivered as per simulation or through the online adaptive workflow delivery (AD). Change in planning tumor volumes (PTV) were calculated between initial and final fractions (ΔPTV). RESULTS A total of 42 patients with a median age of 67 (range 17-90) and median 8.3 months follow up, treated between June 2021 and December 2022 were included. Most patients had NSCLC or presumed NSCLC (73.85%, 31/42), and most lesions were peripheral (61.9%, 26/42) versus central (31%, 13/42) or apical (7.1%, 3/42). Mean dose and median fractions were 52.5 Gy (SD 8.07) and 5 (range 3-5) while median initial (i) PTV was 31.75 cm3 (IQR 42.3 cm3). On average, ΔPTV decreased by 4.9% (SD 21) and volume shrunk by 5 cm3 (SD 14.5). AD improved per fraction PTV coverage and conformality while esophageal, cardiac, and spinal cord dose were significantly decreased (all p < 0.05), and most fractions were delivered with AD (73.4%, 138/188). AD was aborted most often for small iPTVs. ΔPTV grew >10% for two lesions though their iPTV were < 10 cm3. 12/42 ΔPTV were >10% smaller by the end of RT and corresponded to larger iPTVs. Age, lung primary, metastatic disease, smoking status, and tumor location were not predictive for >10% decrease in ΔPTV. Among 24 biopsy-proven NSCLC ΔPTV was >10% smaller in 6/12 patients (50%) with adenocarcinoma and only in 2/12 (16.7%) with SCC, although this was not significant on χ2 testing (p = 0.08). There were no differences in local, regional, distant failure or death comparing those with a ΔPTV of >10% vs <10% (all p > 0.1). Comparing pre-treatment PET SUV and tumor response, lower SUVs appear to be associated with more PTV shrinkage, with no significant PTV change plateauing at SUV 20. However, this analysis was limited by the number of patients with high SUV values. CONCLUSION CBCT-ART SAbR is associated with improved PTV coverage, target conformality, and reduced OAR dose. Large iPTV and adenocarcinomas were more likely to decrease >10%. High metabolic activity appeared predictive for a lack of significant ΔPTV. Further clinical and radiographic features should be explored to predict response to ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Montalvo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - M Arbab
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - Y Gonzalez
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - M H Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - D D M Parsons
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - T Zhuang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - B Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - A Pompos
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - R Hannan
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - K D Westover
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - R D Timmerman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - P Iyengar
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
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Gibbard G, Aguilera TA, Dan T, Zhuang T, Lin MH, Peng H, Jiang SB, Da Silva A, Kuduvalli G, Iyengar P, Sher DJ, Timmerman RD, Garant A, Cai B. Towards Biology-Guided Radiotherapy Planning and Delivery on a Novel O-Ring PET-Linac Platform: Extended Beyond Bone and Lung Lesions. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e647. [PMID: 37785924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Biology-guided radiotherapy (BgRT) with FDG signal collected via an on-board positron emission tomography (PET) system integrated in an O-ring gantry Linac was recently cleared by the FDA for lung and bone lesions. This study aims to determine if BgRT plans, guided via PET signal, are clinically acceptable for FDG-avid lesions in disease sites beyond bone and lung. MATERIALS/METHODS Ten patients previously treated for lesions in the liver, head and neck (HN), pancreas, renal and pelvic-abdominal lymph nodes were identified. Diagnostic PET/CT images of these treatment sites were first collected and processed/converted to mimic PET images that are acquired on PET-Linac and would be used to guide the delivery. For BgRT planning, the PTV was generated with 5 mm margin from GTV and a Biology Tracking Zone was generated including the anticipated full range of target motion. BgRT plans, guided by the emulated PET signal, were generated with 46Gy in 3 fractions for liver and 40Gy in 5 fractions for all other sites. BgRT plan deliverability was first assessed by evaluating the Activity Concentration (AC) and Normalized Target Signals (NTS) on converted PET images with the goal to meet NTS >2 (hard constraint) and AC >5kBq/ml (goal). BgRT plan quality was then evaluated with institutional guidelines on PTV coverage, OAR doses, conformity index (CI) and Heterogeneity index (HI). RESULTS BgRT plans were successfully generated for 11 target lesions among ten patients. The average diagnostic PET SUV, derived NTS and AC on converted PET images were 12.62, 9.33 and 12.10 kBq/ml, respectively. All images met the NTS constraints, and 8/11 plans met the AC goal for deliverability. All plans met the OAR hard constraints such as max dose on duodenum, small bowel, large bowel and spinal cord. Five of 11 plans had a limiting GI structure that resulted in an expected reduction in PTV coverage with an average PTV V100% = 77.9%, CI of 1.4, HI of 1.36 and max dose of 133.8%. The other 6 of 11 cases met the PTV V100% = 95%, had an average CI of 1.1, HI of 1.28 and Dmax of 127.67%. The estimated average time for BgRT delivery was 17 mins 25 secs. Although these plan parameters are deemed to be clinically acceptable, heterogeneity was detected inside the target region and suboptimal dose fall off was observed in some cases that may be caused by current implementation. CONCLUSION This preliminary study showed that BgRT plans were generated successfully with emulated PET images on 11 treatment sites covering HN, abdominal and pelvic regions. All plans met NTS constraints and 8 out of 11 met AC goals for deliverability. The plan quality of all BgRT plans were clinically acceptable based on institutional constraints. Further investigations are required to test more patients/sites for BgRT plan feasibility. Dosimetric benefit from margin reduction of BgRT target should also be investigated in future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gibbard
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - T A Aguilera
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - T Dan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - T Zhuang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - M H Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - H Peng
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - S B Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | | | | | - P Iyengar
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - D J Sher
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - R D Timmerman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - A Garant
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - B Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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Li R, Montalvo SK, Zhuang T, Parsons DDM, Zhong X, Chen L, Iqbal Z, Kim H, Hrycushko BA, Westover KD, Zhang Y, Cai B, Lin MH, Iyengar P. Dosimetric Analysis of CBCT-Based Weekly Online Adaptive Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e36-e37. [PMID: 37785239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Anatomic and geometric changes are common during a radiotherapy course amongst patients receiving conventional fractionated radiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC). These changes may cause significant deviation from initial reference plan resulting in over-treatment of normal tissue or under-coverage of the target. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based online adaptive radiotherapy (ART) platforms allow for response to these changes and is being increasingly used in the clinic though less so for intrathoracic disease. We hypothesized weekly CBCT-ART would improve target coverage and decrease dose to organs at risk (OAR) in patients with LA-NSCLC. MATERIALS/METHODS Data was collected from a prospective registry of 23 LA-NSCLC patients treated to 60 Gy in 30 fractions with CBCT-ART between June 2021 and December 2022. For weekly ART (Wk-ART), online plan adaptation started on week two. The adapted plan was then used to treat patients with image guidance until the next ART. For comparison, doses were recalculated with the initial reference plan on the SCT with updated contours to derive non-adapted (non-ART) dosimetry for each week. The final dosimetric parameters were obtained by averaging weekly coverage (ITV, PTV) and critical OAR (Lung, esophagus, heart, spinal cord) doses for non-ART and weekly ART treatments respectively for each patient. Paired student t-test was performed to compare the dosimetric parameters between non-ART and Wk-ART. RESULTS We observed an average 29% ± 19% (median: 26%) reduction in ITV volume through the radiotherapy course, with 48% (11/23) of patients showing >30% reduction. Most significant volume reductions (16%) were observed between the third and fourth adaptation. Weekly ART showed significant (p<1×10-3) improvements in ITV and PTV coverage, and showed improved clinically relevant lung, esophageal, cardiac, and lung dosimetry (Table 1), especially in the later stages of treatment when the tumor showed significant shrinkage. The average time from contour review to quality assurance completed is 8.5±1.2 min. CONCLUSION CBCT-ART provides robust ART plan quality and efficient workflow. There are significant improvements in target coverage and OAR sparing in LA-NSCLC treated with weekly CBCT-ART and these are driven by the significant volume reduction of the ITV throughout treatment course.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - S K Montalvo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - T Zhuang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - D D M Parsons
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - X Zhong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - L Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Z Iqbal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - H Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - B A Hrycushko
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - K D Westover
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - B Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - M H Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - P Iyengar
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
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Keilty D, Visak J, Wang S, Chen L, Kim DN, Arbab M, Alluri PG, Zhong X, Iqbal Z, Zhuang T, Cai B, Kim H, Timmerman RD, Lin MH, Parsons DDM, Rahimi AS. Predicted Cardiac Toxicity in Daily Cone-Beam CT-Based Online Adaptive Stereotactic Partial Breast Irradiation with Decreased PTV Margins. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e184-e185. [PMID: 37784811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Partial breast irradiation (PBI) targets a smaller volume over less time compared to whole breast radiation, but the organ-at-risk (OAR) sparing allowed by its large (up to 1 cm) PTV can be improved. The heart is sensitive to low doses with conventional fractionation and NTCP models have been created for heart substructures. We hypothesized that daily online adaptive stereotactic PBI (A-SPBI) IMRT with 3-mm PTV improves dosimetry and predicted cardiac toxicity risk. MATERIALS/METHODS Patients treated with daily CBCT-based online A-SPBI IMRT were excluded if the minimum heart dose was <1 Gy. IMRT radiation plans with 3-mm PTV margins were recreated with 1-cm margins per the Florence APBI IMRT trial planning guideline. Dose statistics were converted to the equivalent doses in 2-Gy fractions (EQD2) using α/β = 3 for use in NTCP models and for comparison using paired t tests, with differences considered significant if p≤0.05. RESULTS The table details heart, left anterior descending artery (LAD), and left (LV) and right ventricle (RV) EQD2 statistics for 4 left-sided and 4 right-sided 3-mm PTV plans and their 1-cm PTV replans. For 2 patients with non-zero LV V5, 9-year excess cumulative risk of acute coronary event was <0.001% for both margin sizes. No plan reached thresholds for increased risk of non-cardiac death, major adverse cardiac event, or >10% decrease in LV ejection fraction. CONCLUSION Given the established relationship between low MHD and cardiac events, the significant decrease in MHD revealed in comparisons of 3-mm and 1-cm PTV A-SPBI plans of our first 8 patients is promising; we expect the forthcoming larger sample size to show significant differences in substructure doses. NTCP models created for non-IMRT breast plans and targets with higher heart exposure did not predict clinically-relevant differences in cardiac risk. NTCP model development for the low heart dose achieved with A-SPBI would define expected benefit in these patients; in their absence, daily adaptation should be considered in patients with unfavorable anatomy or cardiac risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Keilty
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - J Visak
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - S Wang
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - L Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - D N Kim
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - M Arbab
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - P G Alluri
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - X Zhong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Z Iqbal
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - T Zhuang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - B Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - H Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - R D Timmerman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - M H Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - D D M Parsons
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - A S Rahimi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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Keilty D, Visak J, Wang S, Chen L, Kim DN, Arbab M, Alluri PG, Zhong X, Iqbal Z, Zhuang T, Cai B, Kim H, Timmerman RD, Lin MH, Parsons DDM, Rahimi AS. Observed and Predicted Toxicity in Daily Cone-Beam CT-Based Online Adaptive Stereotactic Partial Breast Irradiation with Decreased PTV Margins. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e184. [PMID: 37784810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) delivers smaller radiation volumes over less time compared to whole breast irradiation (WBI), but the organ-at-risk (OAR) sparing allowed by its large (up to 1 cm) planning target volume (PTV) can be improved. PTV can be decreased with daily online adaptive planning, which we hypothesized yields low rates of adverse events observed and predicted by normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models. MATERIALS/METHODS Intensity-modulated (IMRT) cone-beam CT (CBCT)-based daily online adaptive stereotactic PBI (A-SPBI) plans with 3-mm PTV from 8 patients were recreated with 1-cm PTV per the Florence APBI IMRT trial planning guideline. Dose statistics with evidence for association with toxicity were compared. Documented toxicities were collected for patients treated with A-SPBI with a minimum follow-up of 3.5 months and Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v.5.0 grade was assigned. Using α/β = 3 for breast and lung, dose statistics were converted to equivalent doses in 2-Gy fractions (EQD2) for use in NTCP models and for comparison using paired t tests, with differences considered significant if p≤0.05. RESULTS The table details EQD2 dose statistics for breast, lung, and cosmetic toxicity for A-SPBI plans with 3-mm PTV and their 1-cm PTV re-plans in 8 patients. PTV volume, mean lung dose (MLD), and lung V5, V20, and V30 were significantly lower in 1-cm plans. Acute, subacute (3-6 months), and late toxicities were collected for 30 patients followed for a median of 8 months (range 4-13 months). Radiation dermatitis was the most common acute toxicity (n = 16, 53%), followed by hyperpigmentation (n = 12, 40%), fibrosis (n = 9, 30%), and fatigue (n = 9, 30%). One grade 3 radiation dermatitis was the only grade ≥3 toxicity. Six patients (20%) acutely developed breast or axillary edema: 4 (13.3%) resolved, and 2 (6.7%) developed acutely and persist at last follow-up, >6 months after RT. No patient had a lung V20, V30, or MLD meeting thresholds for radiation-induced lung injury, radiation pneumonitis, or symptomatic or imaging-based pneumonitis models, respectively. The breast V55 model predicted a median risk of unfavorable cosmesis of 33% (range 26-44%) for A-SBPI plans and 35% (range 28-51) for 1-cm PTV plans (p = 0.28). CONCLUSION Observed acute toxicities are tolerable and rarely persist in patients treated with A-SPBI with 3-mm PTV margins with daily CBCT-based online adaptation. NTCP modeling predicts similar cosmetic outcome to 1-cm margins. The significant reduction in ipsilateral lung dose with a 3-mm PTV in our first 8 patients especially supports daily adaptation in low-risk breast cancer patients with smoking history and/or lung comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Keilty
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - J Visak
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - S Wang
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - L Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - D N Kim
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - M Arbab
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - P G Alluri
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - X Zhong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Z Iqbal
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - T Zhuang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - B Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - H Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - R D Timmerman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - M H Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - D D M Parsons
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - A S Rahimi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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Surucu M, Vitzthum L, Chang DT, Gensheimer MF, Kovalchuk N, Han B, Iagaru AH, Da Silva A, Narayanan M, Aksoy D, Feghali K, Shirvani SM, Maniyedath A, Cai B, Pompos A, Dan T, Öz OK, Iyengar P, Timmerman RD, Garant A. Analysis of the Measured FDG Uptake from the First-in-Human Clinical Trial of Biology-Guided Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e61-e62. [PMID: 37785835 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The RefleXion X1 system is a novel linear accelerator equipped with dual 90° PET arcs incorporated into its architecture to capture emissions from tumors and designed to respond by directing the radiation beam towards target. This study reports on the measured FDG uptake from the first in human multi-institutional clinical trial (BIOGUIDE-X) evaluating the performance and safety of the RefleXion X1 PET-LINAC. MATERIALS/METHODS A total of nine patients treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for lung (5) and bone (4) tumors were enrolled in the Cohort II of this study after screening their pre-study diagnostic PET/CT, acquired up to 60 days prior to enrollment, to ensure their tumor size between 2 to 5 cm and SUVmax >6. After CT simulation, the tumor and OARs were delineated, and patients had a 4-pass Imaging-only (BgRT Modeling) PET/CT acquisition on the X1 system to generate biology-guided radiotherapy (BgRT) plans. Before the patients' first and last SBRT fractions, they were injected with FDG, and short PET pre-scan (1-pass) was performed on the X1 followed by a long-PET acquisition (4-pass) to emulate the expected BgRT dose distribution without firing beam. Patients were also imaged on a third-party diagnostic PET/CT scanner after the last-fraction X1 scan. This study compares the SUVmax from the screening PET/CT, X1 Imaging-only scan, X1 PET pre-scan and long scan before the first and last-fractions, and final diagnostic PET/CT. RESULTS The median time from injection to PET imaging was 84 ± 15.4 mins for X1 Imaging-only (used for generating BgRT plans), 77 ± 21.6 mins for X1 pre-scan (safety check before treatment start), 108+/- 22 mins for X1 long-PET (used to emulate treatment delivery), and 161 ± 23 mins for final diagnostic PET. For a nominal 10 mCi injection, the mean SUVmax for screening imaging performed on the diagnostic PET/CT was 10.8 ± 4.3. For a 15 mCi nominal injection, the mean SUVmax calculated on the X1 was 5.3 ± 2.6, 5.4 ± 2.0, 5.5 ± 2.6, 5.2 ± 1.8 and 5.4 ± 2.2 for the Imaging-only, first-fraction PET pre-scan, first-fraction long PET scan, last-fraction PET pre-scan, and last-fraction long PET scan, respectively. The overall median SUVmax for all patients across all timepoints and scans with X1 was calculated to be 4.8 with a range of 2.4 to 9.8. The median SUVmax for the diagnostic PET/CT scan after the last fraction X1 scan was 15.8 with a range of 8.5 to 27.7. CONCLUSION The dual PET arcs and limited axial extent of the X1 PET subsystem results in lower system sensitivity in comparison to diagnostic PET scanners equipped with full ring and larger axial extent, as expected. With the same FDG injection, the RefleXion X1 produced SUVmax values that were 30.4 % of the diagnostic PET/CT scanners' values. Nevertheless, the X1 collected sufficient emission data to enable successful completion of emulated BgRT deliveries that met dose accuracy criteria in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Surucu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - L Vitzthum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - D T Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - M F Gensheimer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - N Kovalchuk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - B Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - A H Iagaru
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
| | | | | | - D Aksoy
- RefleXion Medical, Inc., Hayward, CA
| | - K Feghali
- RefleXion Medical, Inc., Hayward, CA
| | | | | | - B Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - A Pompos
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - T Dan
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - O K Öz
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - P Iyengar
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - R D Timmerman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - A Garant
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
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Garant T, Iyengar P, Dan T, Pompos A, Timmerman RD, Öz OK, Cai B, Shirvani SM, Aksoy D, Al Feghali KA, Maniyedath A, Narayanan M, Da Silva A, Surucu M, Gensheimer MF, Kovalchuk N, Han B, Pham D, Chang DT, Vitzthum L. Imaging Performance of the PET Scan on a Novel Ring Gantry-Based PET/CT Linear Accelerator System in the First-in-Human Study of Biology-Guided Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e665. [PMID: 37785968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Biology-guided radiotherapy (BgRT) is a novel tracked dose delivery modality using real-time positron emission tomography (PET) to guide radiotherapy beamlets. The present study was performed with sequential cohorts of participants to evaluate the performance and safety of BgRT. Primary endpoints were previously reported. We hereby report on one of the secondary endpoints assessing a novel treatment planning machine with integrated dual kVCT/PET imaging ("novel device") performance in comparison to a third-party diagnostic PET/CT scan. MATERIALS/METHODS This single-arm, open-label, prospective study included participants with at least 1 FDG-avid targetable primary or metastatic tumor (≥2cm and ≤5cm) in the lung or bone. PET imaging data were collected on the novel device and on a third-party diagnostic PET/CT performed in sequence once at the planning timepoint in Cohort I, and immediately before the last fraction among patients undergoing stereotactic radiotherapy in Cohort II. Three central read radiation oncologists (CRRO) provided an interpretation of the novel device PET scans which were compared to an agreement standard based on 3 central radiologists' review of the paired diagnostic PET/CT scan. Positive percent agreement for localization of the target tumor within the biology-tracking zone (BTZ) was the key metric because it reflects whether advancing patients to subsequent steps in the BgRT workflow based on the novel device's imaging was ultimately appropriate. RESULTS In Cohort 1, 6 image comparisons were performed. The positive (%) agreement for the aggregate radiation oncologist review was 100% (5/5), reflecting that in all 5 cases where the aggregate radiation oncologists deemed the tumor to fall within the BTZ based upon the novel device PET images, the central radiologists came to the same conclusion upon review of the paired diagnostic PET/CT images. The overall (%) agreement for the aggregate radiation oncologist review was 83.3% (5/6): localization was not established on the novel device in 1 case, even though it was established on the diagnostic PET/CT. This would not pose risk in real world practice as BgRT candidacy would be aborted for tumors not visible on the novel device. In Cohort II, among the 7 image comparisons, there was 100% positive percent agreement between the aggregate CRRO and the agreement standard as the localization criteria was met in both scans for all 7 patients. This was concordant with a 100% overall percent agreement. CONCLUSION This investigation demonstrated a 100% positive percent agreement between central review of this novel device images by radiation oncologists and central review of the accompanying third-party PET/CT images by radiologists. There were no cases where a positive localization by the aggregate CRRO was not confirmed by the third-party PET/CT standard, providing evidence against the likelihood of falsely positive localizations on the novel device that would inappropriately advance patients in the workflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Garant
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - P Iyengar
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - T Dan
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - A Pompos
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - R D Timmerman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - O K Öz
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - B Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | | | - D Aksoy
- RefleXion Medical, Inc., Hayward, CA
| | | | | | | | | | - M Surucu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - M F Gensheimer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - N Kovalchuk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - B Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - D Pham
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - D T Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - L Vitzthum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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Gonzalez Y, Chen L, Lee H, Kim N, Arbab M, Alluri PG, Zhang Y, Chiu TD, Iqbal Z, Zhuang T, Cai B, Kim H, Pompos A, Jiang SB, Godley AR, Timmerman RD, Lin MH, Rahimi AS, Parsons DDM. Dosimetric Comparison of Adaptive Radiotherapy Modalities for Stereotactic Partial Breast Irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S163-S164. [PMID: 37784408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) An increase in the availability of adaptive radiotherapy (ART) platforms have proven to be effective in the treatment of a variety of sites. In this study, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness of non-adaptive RT and 3 different ART platforms: (1) CBCT-based, (2) CT-based, and (3) MRI-based for stereotactic partial breast irradiation (SPBI). MATERIALS/METHODS Data were collected from 32 patients (16 left and 16 right breast) treated at a single institution. 16 patients (8 left and 8 right) treated using the non-ART platform were re-planned onto two different ART platforms, CBCT- and MRI-based. The remaining 16 patients treated using CT-based adaptive platform were not re-planned due to the prone patient treatment position (others systems supine). All cases were planned to 30 Gy in 5 fractions. Plan quality was evaluated based on pre-defined planning goals to the OARS: ipsilateral and contralateral lungs (Dmean, Dmax, V20 Gy, V9 Gy), ipsilateral (V15 Gy, V30 Gy) and contralateral breasts (Dmax), heart (Dmean, Dmax, V3 Gy, V1.5 Gy), skin (Dmax, V36.5 Gy), and rib (Dmax, V30 Gy). Target goals were defined by Dmax, Dmin, gradient index, and paddock conformality index. Re-planned cases were compared within the cohort using a paired t-test and a 2-sided t-test was used comparing to the CT-based platform. RESULTS Comparing the left and right breast cohort across all platforms, the CT-based ART system showed a signification dose reduction in Dmean (p<0.001 for all platforms), Dmax (p<0.001 for left breast, p<0.03 for right breast) and V9 Gy (p<0.004 for left breast, p<0.001 for right breast) to the ipsilateral lung, V15 Gy (p<0.004 for left breast cohort) to the ipsilateral breast, and Dmax to the contralateral breast (p<0.001) and ribs (p = 0.01, p<0.001, p = 0.01 for CBCT-ART, MRI-ART, and non-ART for left breast cohort only). On average, the MR-Linac platform showed the least degree of OAR sparing across nearly all dosimetric parameters evaluated when compared to all modalities, especially for contralateral lung Dmean and Dmax (p<0.05 for all dosimetric parameters for all platforms) and contralateral breast Dmax (p<0.003 for all platforms). The CBCT-based platform showed superior dose reduction in contralateral lung mean (p<0.03 for all platforms) and heart Dmean (p = 0.065, p<0.001, p = 0.045 for non-adaptive, MRI-ART, and CT-ART for left breast and p<0.008 for right breast). PTV coverage was comparable across all platforms, averaging at approximately 95%. The CT-based ART platform showed a significantly reduced gradient index relative to the CBCT- and MRI-based platforms (p<0.001). CONCLUSION For SPBI treatments, the CT-based ART platforms displayed a higher degree of OAR sparing for many of the dosimetric parameters recorded relative to the other ART and non-ART platforms presented. The MRI-based system typically showed less reduced OAR sparing; however, the advantage of the system is shown if soft tissue contrast is needed. PTV coverage remained comparable across all platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Gonzalez
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - L Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - H Lee
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - N Kim
- Vanderbilt University Department of Radiation Oncology, Nashville, TN
| | - M Arbab
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - P G Alluri
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - T D Chiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Z Iqbal
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - T Zhuang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - B Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - H Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - A Pompos
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - S B Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - A R Godley
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - R D Timmerman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - M H Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - A S Rahimi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - D D M Parsons
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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Surucu M, Vitzthum L, Chang DT, Gensheimer MF, Kovalchuk N, Han B, Pham D, Da Silva A, Narayanan M, Aksoy D, Feghali K, Shirvani SM, Maniyedath A, Cai B, Pompos A, Dan T, Öz OK, Iyengar P, Timmerman RD, Garant A. Workflow Considerations for Biology-Guided Radiotherapy (BgRT) Implementation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e441. [PMID: 37785431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Biology-guided radiotherapy (BgRT) is a novel platform that combines real-time PET imaging with a 6MV Linac to target tumors. The performance and safety of BgRT was assessed in the BIOGUIDE-X clinical trial. This study aims to report on the BgRT workflow steps and assess the time required for each step of the BgRT process during this trial. MATERIALS/METHODS A total of nine patients were enrolled in the second Cohort of the BIOGUIDE-X study which included patients treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for lung tumors (5) and bone tumors (4). The pre-treatment BgRT workflow includes CT simulation, contouring, imaging-only (BgRT Modeling) PET acquisition, BgRT planning, patient specific QA and plan approval. The imaging-only PET acquisition on the X1 collects a representative PET volumetric 3D image and is an input to develop the BgRT treatment plan. The steps during the BgRT delivery session are kVCT localization, PET pre-scan, PET evaluation and BgRT delivery. The PET PreScan is a 1-pass short-duration PET acquisition that is used to confirm that the PET biodistribution on the day of treatment is consistent with that of the imaging-only PET. During BIOGUIDE-X, the BgRT delivery step was replaced by a 4-pass long-PET acquisition that was used to emulate the expected BgRT dose distribution without turning the beam on. To assess BgRT workflow, times from 18F-FDG injection to image-only PET acquisition, 18F-FDG injection to PET pre-scan, Pre-scan to PET evaluation, and PET evaluation to BgRT delivery (long PET acquisition) were recorded. RESULTS Time between the 18F-FDG injection and the X1 imaging-only PET scan was 84 ± 19 minutes which includes time for 18F-FDG update. Average time to perform imaging-only PET scan was 26 ± 4 minutes. During the BgRT 'delivery' session, the mean time between the kVCT acquisition and PET pre-scan acquisition was 7 ± 3 minutes. The mean time to acquire a 1-pass PET pre-scan was 6 ± 1 then followed by 6 ± 1 minutes for the PET pre-scan dose calculation to estimate the BgRT doses that it would have delivered for this fraction. On average, the PET reconstruction, the PET signal localization verification and the evaluation of safety metrics took 11 ± 4 minutes. The mean time for BgRT 'delivery' was 27 ± 5 minutes based on the 4-pass long PET acquisition. Time from the start of the BgRT session to the end of the BgRT 'delivery' with this version of the investigative product release was 65 ± 9 minutes. CONCLUSION The new processes introduced by the BgRT technology were evaluated and found clinically feasible. Improvements are being undertaken to shorten the time required for each step and to increase patient comfort ahead of BgRT clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Surucu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - L Vitzthum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - D T Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - M F Gensheimer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - N Kovalchuk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - B Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - D Pham
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | | | | | - D Aksoy
- RefleXion Medical, Inc., Hayward, CA
| | - K Feghali
- RefleXion Medical, Inc., Hayward, CA
| | | | | | - B Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - A Pompos
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - T Dan
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - O K Öz
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - P Iyengar
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - R D Timmerman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - A Garant
- University of Texas Southwestern Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, TX
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12
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Cai B, Wilson A. A205 EVALUATING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PERIPHERAL BLOOD EOSINOPHILS AND DRUG RESPONSE IN CROHN'S DISEASE: CONTINUING ANALYSIS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2023. [PMCID: PMC9991192 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwac036.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Th2 cytokines, IL-5 and IL-13 enhance peripheral and mucosal eosinophil survival, recruitment and degranulation, facilitating inflammation in Crohn's Disease. In a preliminary analysis, peripheral eosinophilia (PBE) is seen to have an association with rates of steroid response and anti-TNF response in CD patients. Participants with high PBE (> 200 cells/μL) appear to be more steroid-responsive but less responsive to Th1-targeting anti-TNF therapies. We hypothesize the pattern of PBE at CD diagnosis can help identify distinct subsets within a larger CD population and correlate with response to treatments such as prednisone or anti-TNFs. Purpose We aim to evaluate the pattern of PBE of CD patients at time of diagnosis (prior to drug exposure) and with each subsequent treatment; and if baseline PBE or any changes seen with drug exposures are predictive of treatment response. Method A retrospective cohort study is ongoing with CD patients exposed to glucocorticoids and an anti-TNF seen at 3 hospitals affiliated with University of Western Ontario. Patients were identified using administrative databases and reviewed for biochemical data (complete blood count) and disease activity (Harvey Bradshaw Index) at baseline, before and after each drug exposure. Participants were classified as having high PBE (eosinophils>200 cells/μL) versus low PBE (eosinophils <200 cells/μL). To date, 350 patients have been screened. Subgroup analyses of PBE > 300 cells/μL, and differences between female and male patients will be carried out. Result(s) 46 of 200 CD patients are included in the continuing analysis with a mean age of 45 years. 26 had PBE >200 cells/μL at baseline and 20 did not. The median number therapies used was 4 (IQR=0.75). All received glucocorticoids followed by an anti-TNF. There was no difference in the occurrence of hospitalization or surgery between the two groups. Overall 50% participants with high PBE >200 and >300 cells/μL had clinical response to glucocorticoid exposure, seen as a 3-point decrease in HBI compared to 45%, 47% in the low PBE cohort (n=13/26 vs. n=9/20 p=0.77; n=6/12 vs. n=16/34 p=1.0 respectively). With subsequent anti-TNF exposure, PBE rebounded in 7 participants. 36% patients in the high PBE group required anti-TNF dose escalation versus 24% in the low PBE group (n=9/25 vs. n=5/21, p=0.52). The proportion of patients with anti-TNF discontinuation was similar in both groups (high PBE 19.2%, n=5/26 vs. low PBE 15%, n=3/20, p=1.0). Men had higher steroid response rates compared to women in both high and low PBE groups (n=6/8 vs. n=8/18 p=0.21; n=4/9 vs. 4/11 p=1.0 respectively). Conclusion(s) Peripheral eosinophilia is seen in varying degrees in CD patients. Participants with high PBE are more steroid-responsive. High PBE patients overall were less responsive to anti-TNF therapies, requiring more dose-escalation and discontinued anti-TNF treatment. Completion of this study will help clarify the association between PBE in CD and treatment response. Please acknowledge all funding agencies by checking the applicable boxes below None Disclosure of Interest None Declared
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cai
- Gastroenterology, Western University, London, Canada
| | - A Wilson
- Gastroenterology, Western University, London, Canada
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Cai B, Arnold Egloff S, Goyal R, Cai B, Caro N, Frost M, Mahmud S, Ansquer V, Davis K, Brisbin L, Lisi M, McKenzie A, Paulson S. PP01.63 Real-World Assessment of Clinical Outcomes Associated with Immunotherapy (IO) and chemotherapy in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Patients with Brain Metastases and METexon14 Skipping Mutations Treated in US Community Centers. J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.09.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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14
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Fan ZX, Wang CB, Fang LL, Cai B, Yuan P, Niu TT, Ma L, Yuan GB, Liu GZ. [Clinical features, risk factors and prognosis of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy complicated by ischemic stroke]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:3592-3597. [PMID: 36480862 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220427-00949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical features, risk factors and prognosis of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) complicated with ischemic stroke (IS) (DCM-IS). Methods: The clinical data of patients with idiopathic DCM (n=613) in Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Liangxiang Hospital and Fuxing Hospital from January 2016 to December 2020 were retrospectively collected, and among them, 123 cases were DCM-IS. Clinical features of patients with DCM-IS were summarized and multivariate logistic regression model was utilized to analyze the independent risk factors of DCM-IS. Furthermore, 1-year follow-up was conducted and Kaplan-Meier curve was adopted to analyze the prognosis of DCM, using all-cause death and heart transplantation as adverse outcomes. Results: Among the 70 patients with DCM-IS, 6 patients (8.6%, 6/70) were in accordance with the subtype of large artery atherosclerosis, and 47 patients (67.1%, 47/70) were in line with the subtype of cardiogenic embolism, and small artery occlusion subtype (ie, lacunar infarction) were detected in 17 cases (24.3%, 17/70). Hypertension [odds ratio (OR)=1.617, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.049-2.491, P=0.029], hyperlipidemia (OR=1.918, 95%CI: 1.198-3.073, P=0.007), atrial fibrillation (AF) (OR=1.617, 95%CI: 1.016-2.572, P=0.043), lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (OR=0.986, 95%CI: 0.977-0.996, P=0.005) and a higher incidence of intracardiac thrombus (OR=6.127, 95%CI: 3.174-11.827, P<0.001) were risk factors for DCM-IS. The overall 1-year survival rate was lower in DCM-IS patients (70.7%) than DCM patients without stroke (83.6%, P=0.004), and the main causes of death included obstinate heart failure (3 cases of DCM-IS, and 5 cases of non-DCM-IS) and malignant arrhythmia (DCM-IS) (22 cases of DCM-IS, and 18 cases of non-DCM-IS). Conclusions: Among IS patients with idiopathic DCM, cardioembolism is the most common, followed by lacunar infarction, and the large-artery atherosclerotic subtype is the least common.Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, AF, lower eGFR value and higher incidence of intracardiac thrombus are risk factors for DCM-IS. DCM patients complicated with IS have poor short-term prognosis, and obstinate heart failure and malignant arrhythmia are their main causes of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X Fan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - C B Wang
- Department of Neurology, Liangxiang Hospital, Fangshan District, Beijing, Beijing 102400, China
| | - L L Fang
- Department of Neurology, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China
| | - B Cai
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - P Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - T T Niu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - L Ma
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - G B Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - G Z Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
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15
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Zhang W, Yi H, Cai B, He Y, Huang S, Zhang Y. Feasibility of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in evaluating renal microvascular perfusion in pediatric patients. BMC Med Imaging 2022; 22:194. [PMID: 36357841 PMCID: PMC9650893 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-022-00925-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Changes in renal microvascular perfusion are involved in several kidney diseases. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) quantitative analysis can enable the estimation of renal microvascular perfusion non-invasively. However, to date, few pediatric patients with renal disease have been subjected to CEUS quantitative analysis. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of CEUS in evaluating renal microvascular perfusion in pediatric patients and paving its way to clinical practice. Methods Seventeen pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and five children without kidney disease were consecutively examined using CEUS. Quantitative analysis of CEUS images based on time-intensity curve (TIC) fittings was performed using specialized software. Quantitative parameters of wash-in microvascular blood flow, including A, k, B, and TtoPk, were generated from three regions of interest (ROIs) each in the cortex and medulla of each kidney. Results CEUS was performed in all children successfully and safely without the use of sedatives. All parameters (A, B, k, and TtoPk) demonstrated no statistical differences among the three sampling ROIs in the renal cortex and medulla. All parameters (A, B, k, and TtoPk) showed no statistical differences between the left and right sides of kidneys both in cortices and medullas. Comparing with patients with CKD stage 3–5, both control group and patients with CKD stage 1–2 had significantly higher values of parameter A in the renal cortex (p = 0.025 and p = 0.031, respectively). In control group and patients stage 1–2, the values of parameters k in the renal cortices were significantly higher than that in the renal medullas, while in patients with CKD stage 3–5, parameter k showed no statistically significant differences between the renal cortex and medulla (p = 0.173). Conclusion CEUS is safe and practicable in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease. Renal microvascular perfusion estimated by CEUS could be a robust approach in the evaluation of pediatric renal diseases. Parameters A and k derived from CEUS quantitative analysis can provide great potential in non-invasive assessment of renal microvascular perfusion impairment in pediatric CKD.
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Meng B, Dohopolski M, Bai T, Jiang S, Cai B, Lin M. Quantifying AI Assisted Auto-Segmentations Performance for a Clinical Online Adaptive Radiotherapy System in Multiple Treatment Sites. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.2280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Montalvo S, Kim D, Nwachukwu C, Alluri P, Parsons D, Lin M, Cai B, Zhuang T, Hrycushko B, Chen L, Timmerman R, Rahimi A. Real-Time Online Adaptation for Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation Significantly Improves Target Coverage without Compromising Organs at Risk. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.2281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Gonzalez Y, Meng B, Parsons D, Hrycushko B, Zhuang T, Cai B, Zhang Y, Westover K, Lin M, Iyengar P. Initial Clinical Experience of CBCT-Based Adaptive Online Radiotherapy for SAbR of Thoracic Malignancies. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.2276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Zhao H, Meng B, Dohopolski M, Choi B, Liang X, Bai T, Nguyen D, Cai B, Lin M, Jiang S. Segmentation of Targets and Organs at Risk for CBCT-Based Online Adaptive Radiotherapy Using Recurrent Neural Networks: A Clinical Evaluation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.2197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wang K, Morgan H, Yan Y, Desai N, Hannan R, Chambers E, Dohopolski M, Cai B, Lin M, Sher D, Wang J, Wang A, Jiang S, Timmerman R, Park J, Garant A. Time Dependence of Coverage of the Prostatic Fossa: Implications for Daily Adaptive Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.2296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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21
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Cai B, Liu Y, Chong Y, Mori SF, Matsunaga A, Zhang H, Fang X, Chang CS, Cowell JK, Hu T. A truncated derivative of FGFR1 kinase cooperates with FLT3 and KIT to transform hematopoietic stem cells in syndromic and de novo AML. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:156. [PMID: 35906694 PMCID: PMC9336057 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01628-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myeloid and lymphoid malignancies associated with chimeric FGFR1 kinases are the hallmark of stem cell leukemia and lymphoma syndrome (SCLL). In all cases, FGFR1 kinase is constitutively phosphoactivated as a result of chromosome translocations, which lead to acquisition of dimerization motifs in the chimeric proteins. Recently, we demonstrated that these chimeric kinases could be cleaved by granzyme B to generate a truncated derivative, tnFGFR1, which localized exclusively into the nucleus and was not phosphorylated. Methods Stem cell transduction and transplantation in syngeneic mice was used to assess the transforming ability of tnFGFR1 in bone marrow stem cells, and RPPA and RNA-Seq was used to examine the related signaling pathways and regulated target genes. Results For the first time, we show that this non-classical truncated form of FGFR1 can independently lead to oncogenic transformation of hematopoietic stem cells in an animal model in vivo. These leukemia cells show a mixed immunophenotype with a B-cell B220 + Igm- profile in the majority of cells and Kit+ in virtually all cells, suggesting a stem cell disease. tnFGFR1, however, does not activate classic FGFR1 downstream signaling pathways but induces a distinct profile of altered gene expression with significant upregulation of transmembrane signaling receptors including FLT3 and KIT. We further show that de novo human AML also express tnFGFR1 which correlates with upregulation of FLT3 and KIT as in mouse leukemia cells. ChIP analysis demonstrates tnFGFR1 occupancy at the Flt3 and Kit promoters, suggesting a direct transcriptional regulation. Cells transformed with tnFGFR1 are insensitive to FGFR1 inhibitors but treatment of these cells with the Quizartinib (AC220) FLT3 inhibitor, suppresses in vitro growth and development of leukemia in vivo. Combined treatment with FGFR1 and FLT3 inhibitors provides increased survival compared to FGFR1 inhibition alone. Conclusions This study demonstrates a novel model for transformation of hematopoietic stem cells by chimeric FGFR1 kinases with the combined effects of direct protein activation by the full-length kinases and transcriptional regulation by the truncated nuclear tnFGFR1 derivative, which is associated with GZMB expression levels. Genes significantly upregulated by tnFGFR1 include Flt3 and Kit which promote a leukemia stem cell phenotype. In human AML, tnFGFR1 activation leads to increased FLT3 and KIT expression, and higher FLT3 and GZMB expression levels are associated with an inferior prognosis. These observations provide insights into the relative therapeutic value of targeting FGFR1 and FLT3 in treating AML with this characteristic gene expression profile. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-022-01628-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohuan Cai
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.,Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yating Chong
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Stephanie Fay Mori
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Atsuko Matsunaga
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Hualei Zhang
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuexiu Fang
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Chang-Sheng Chang
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - John K Cowell
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Tianxiang Hu
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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Zhang H, Cai B, Liu Y, Chong Y, Matsunaga A, Mori SF, Fang X, Kitamura E, Chang CS, Wang P, Cowell JK, Hu T. RHOA-regulated IGFBP2 promotes invasion and drives progression of BCR-ABL1 chronic myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 2022; 108:122-134. [PMID: 35833297 PMCID: PMC9827165 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2022.280757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Philadelphia 9;22 chromosome translocation has two common isoforms that are preferentially associated with distinct subtypes of leukemia. The p210 variant is the hallmark of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) whereas p190 is frequently associated with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The only sequence difference between the two isoforms is the guanidine exchange factor domain. This guanidine exchange factor is reported to activate RHO family GTPases in response to diverse extracellular stimuli. It is not clear whether and, if so, how RHOA contributes to progression of p210 CML. Here we show that knockout of RHOA in the K562 and KU812, p210-expressing cell lines leads to suppression of leukemogenesis in animal models in vivo. RNA-sequencing analysis of the mock control and null cells demonstrated a distinct change in the gene expression profile as a result of RHOA deletion, with significant downregulation of genes involved in cell activation and cell adhesion. Cellular analysis revealed that RHOA knockout leads to impaired cell adhesion and migration and, most importantly, the homing ability of leukemia cells to the bone marrow, which may be responsible for the attenuated leukemia progression. We also identified IGFBP2 as an important downstream target of RHOA. Further mechanistic investigation showed that RHOA activation leads to relocation of the serum response factor (SRF) into the nucleus, where it directly activates IGFBP2. Knockout of IGFBP2 in CML cells suppressed cell adhesion/invasion, as well as leukemogenesis in vivo. This elevated IGFBP2 expression was confirmed in primary CML samples. Thus, we demonstrate one mechanism whereby the RHOA-SRF-IGFBP2 signaling axis contributes to the development of leukemia in cells expressing the p210 BCR-ABL1 fusion kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualei Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Baohuan Cai
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA,Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yating Chong
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Xuexiu Fang
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Eiko Kitamura
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | | - Ping Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - John K. Cowell
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA,J. K. Cowell
| | - Tianxiang Hu
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA,T. Hu
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Cai B, Liu Y, Chong Y, Zhang H, Mori S, Matsunaga A, Fang X, Cowell J, Hu T. Abstract 5837: A truncated nucleus-located derivative of FGFR1 contributes to the transformation of leukemia stem cell in leukemogenesis driven by FGFR1 fusion kinases. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Myeloid and lymphoid malignancies associated with chimeric FGFR1 kinases are the hallmark of stem cell leukemia and lymphoma syndrome (SCLL). In all cases, FGFR1 kinase is constitutively phosphoactivated as a result of chromosome translocations, which lead to acquisition of dimerization motifs in the chimeric proteins. Recently, we demonstrated that these chimeric kinases could be cleaved by granzyme B to generate a truncated derivative, tnFGFR1, which localized exclusively into the nucleus and was not phosphorylated. Stem cell transduction and transplantation in syngeneic mice were used to assess the transforming ability of tnFGFR1 in bone marrow stem cells, and the results showed that tnFGFR1 can independently lead to oncogenic transformation of hematopoietic stem cells. These leukemia cells show a mixed immunophenotype with a B-cell B220+Igm- profile in the majority of cells and Kit+ in virtually all cells, suggesting a stem cell disease. RPPA and RNA-Seq examination of the related signaling pathways and target genes revealed that tnFGFR1, however, does not activate classic FGFR1 downstream signaling pathways but induces a distinct profile of altered gene expression with significant upregulation of transmembrane signaling receptors including FLT3 and KIT. De novo human AML also expressed tnFGFR1 which correlates with upregulation of FLT3 and KIT as in mouse leukemia cells. ChIP analysis demonstrates tnFGFR1 occupancy at the Flt3 and Kit promoters, suggesting a direct transcriptional regulation. Cells transformed with tnFGFR1 are insensitive to FGFR1 inhibitors but treatment of these cells with the Quizartinib (AC220) FLT3 inhibitor, suppresses in vitro growth and development of leukemia in vivo suggesting an alternative approach for treatment of SCLL. This study demonstrates a novel model for transformation of hematopoietic stem cells by chimeric FGFR1 kinases results with the combined effects of direct protein activation by the full-length kinases and gene regulation by the truncated nucleus derivative tnFGFR1, which is associated with GZMB expression levels. Genes significantly upregulated by tnFGFR1 include Flt3 and Kit which promote a leukemia stem cell phenotype. In human AML, tnFGFR1 activation leads to increased FLT3 and KIT expression, and higher FLT3 and GZMB expression levels are associated with inferior prognosis. These observations provide insights into the relative therapeutic value of targeting FGFR1 and FLT3 in treating AML with this characteristic gene expression profile.
Citation Format: Baohuan Cai, Yun Liu, Yating Chong, Hualei Zhang, Stephanie Mori, Atsuko Matsunaga, Xuexiu Fang, John Cowell, Tianxiang Hu. A truncated nucleus-located derivative of FGFR1 contributes to the transformation of leukemia stem cell in leukemogenesis driven by FGFR1 fusion kinases [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5837.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yun Liu
- 1Augusta University, Augusta, GA
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Meng Y, Cai B, Lan Q, Niu F, Zhang X, Yang Y. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of a Di-nuclear Uranyl Complex with Quinoline-6-carboxylate. CRYSTALLOGR REP+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1063774522020092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Cai B, Wilson A. A163 EVALUATING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PERIPHERAL BLOOD EOSINOPHILS AND DRUG RESPONSE IN CROHN’S DISEASE: A PRELIMINARY REPORT. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2022. [PMCID: PMC8859199 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwab049.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Th1, Th2, and Th17 immune pathways are variably activated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The degree to which pathway having a more dominant role in propagating Crohn’s disease (CD) is not considered when selecting a treatment strategy. Th2 cytokines, IL-5 and IL-13 enhance eosinophil survival, recruitment and degranulation, facilitating inflammation. Mucosal eosinophilia has been documented in CD and its presence is a surrogate marker of Th2 pathway activation. Peripheral eosinophilia has an established role in asthma to help prognosticate treatment response to Th2-cytokine-specific therapies. We hypothesize the pattern of peripheral blood eosinophils (PBE) at CD diagnosis will identify distinct subsets within a larger CD population and correlate with response to treatments such as prednisone or anti-TNFs. Aims We aim to evaluate the pattern of PBE of CD patients at time of diagnosis (prior to drug exposure) and with each subsequent treatment; and if baseline PBE or any changes seen with drug exposures are predictive of treatment response. Methods A retrospective cohort study is ongoing with CD patients exposed to glucocorticoids and an anti-TNF seen at one of 3 hospitals affiliated with University of Western Ontario. Patients were identified using administrative databases and reviewed for biochemical data (complete blood count) and disease activity (Harvey Bradshaw Index) at baseline as well as before and after each drug exposure. Participants were classified as having high PBE (eosinophils >200 cells/μl) versus low PBE (eosinophils <200 cells/μl). Results To date,10 of 200 CD patients are included in the preliminary analyses with a mean age of 47. 8 had PBE >200 cells/μL at baseline, while 2 did not. The median number therapies used was 4 (IQR=0.75). All received glucocorticoids followed by an anti-TNF. There was no difference in the occurrence of hospitalization or surgery between the two cohorts. Overall 75% (n=6/8) participants with high PBE had clinical response to glucocorticoid exposure, seen as a 3-point decrease in HBI compared to 0% (n=0/2, p=0.5) in the low PBE cohort. With subsequent anti-TNF exposure, PBE rebounded in 6 participants. More patients in the high PBE group required anti-TNF dose escalation versus the low PBE group (63%, n=5/8 versus 50%, n=1/2, p=0.99). The proportion of patients with anti-TNF discontinuation was similar in both groups (high PBE, 50%, n=4/8 versus low PBE, 50%, n=1/2, p=1.00). Conclusions Peripheral eosinophilia is seen in varying degrees in CD patients. Participants with high PBE appear to be more steroid-responsive which is typical for Th2-mediated pathways. They were less responsive to Th1-targeting anti-TNF therapies, requiring more dose-escalation and discontinued anti-TNF treatment. Completion of this study will help clarify the association between PBE in CD and treatment response. Funding Agencies None
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cai
- Gastroenterology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - A Wilson
- Gastroenterology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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Adhikari P, Ajaj R, Auty D, Bina C, Bonivento W, Boulay M, Cadeddu M, Cai B, Cárdenas-Montes M, Cavuoti S, Chen Y, Cleveland B, Corning J, Daugherty S, DelGobbo P, Di Stefano P, Doria L, Dunford M, Erlandson A, Farahani S, Fatemighomi N, Fiorillo G, Gallacher D, Garcés E, García Abia P, Garg S, Giampa P, Goeldi D, Gorel P, Graham K, Grobov A, Hallin A, Hamstra M, Hugues T, Ilyasov A, Joy A, Jigmeddorj B, Jillings C, Kamaev O, Kaur G, Kemp A, Kochanek I, Kuźniak M, Lai M, Langrock S, Lehnert B, Levashko N, Li X, Litvinov O, Lock J, Longo G, Machulin I, McDonald A, McElroy T, McLaughlin J, Mielnichuk C, Monroe J, Oliviéro G, Pal S, Peeters S, Pesudo V, Piro MC, Pollmann T, Rand E, Rethmeier C, Retière F, Rodríguez-García I, Roszkowski L, Sanchez García E, Sánchez-Pastor T, Santorelli R, Sinclair D, Skensved P, Smith B, Smith N, Sonley T, Stainforth R, Stringer M, Sur B, Vázquez-Jáuregui E, Viel S, Vincent A, Walding J, Waqar M, Ward M, Westerdale S, Willis J, Zuñiga-Reyes A. Erratum: Constraints on dark matter-nucleon effective couplings in the presence of kinematically distinct halo substructures using the DEAP-3600 detector [Phys. Rev. D
102
, 082001 (2020)]. Int J Clin Exp Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.105.029901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Adhikari P, Ajaj R, Alpízar-Venegas M, Auty DJ, Benmansour H, Bina CE, Bonivento W, Boulay MG, Cadeddu M, Cai B, Cárdenas-Montes M, Cavuoti S, Chen Y, Cleveland BT, Corning JM, Daugherty S, DelGobbo P, Di Stefano P, Doria L, Dunford M, Ellingwood E, Erlandson A, Farahani SS, Fatemighomi N, Fiorillo G, Gallacher D, García Abia P, Garg S, Giampa P, Goeldi D, Gorel P, Graham K, Grobov A, Hallin AL, Hamstra M, Hugues T, Ilyasov A, Joy A, Jigmeddorj B, Jillings CJ, Kamaev O, Kaur G, Kemp A, Kochanek I, Kuźniak M, Lai M, Langrock S, Lehnert B, Leonhardt A, Levashko N, Li X, Lissia M, Litvinov O, Lock J, Longo G, Machulin I, McDonald AB, McElroy T, McLaughlin JB, Mielnichuk C, Mirasola L, Monroe J, Oliviéro G, Pal S, Peeters SJM, Perry M, Pesudo V, Picciau E, Piro MC, Pollmann TR, Raj N, Rand ET, Rethmeier C, Retière F, Rodríguez-García I, Roszkowski L, Ruhland JB, Sanchez García E, Sánchez-Pastor T, Santorelli R, Seth S, Sinclair D, Skensved P, Smith B, Smith NJT, Sonley T, Stainforth R, Stringer M, Sur B, Vázquez-Jáuregui E, Viel S, Walding J, Waqar M, Ward M, Westerdale S, Willis J, Zuñiga-Reyes A. First Direct Detection Constraints on Planck-Scale Mass Dark Matter with Multiple-Scatter Signatures Using the DEAP-3600 Detector. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:011801. [PMID: 35061499 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.011801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dark matter with Planck-scale mass (≃10^{19} GeV/c^{2}) arises in well-motivated theories and could be produced by several cosmological mechanisms. A search for multiscatter signals from supermassive dark matter was performed with a blind analysis of data collected over a 813 d live time with DEAP-3600, a 3.3 t single-phase liquid argon-based detector at SNOLAB. No candidate signals were observed, leading to the first direct detection constraints on Planck-scale mass dark matter. Leading limits constrain dark matter masses between 8.3×10^{6} and 1.2×10^{19} GeV/c^{2}, and ^{40}Ar-scattering cross sections between 1.0×10^{-23} and 2.4×10^{-18} cm^{2}. These results are interpreted as constraints on composite dark matter models with two different nucleon-to-nuclear cross section scalings.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Adhikari
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - R Ajaj
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - M Alpízar-Venegas
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 20-364, México D.F. 01000, México
| | - D J Auty
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - H Benmansour
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - C E Bina
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | | | - M G Boulay
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - M Cadeddu
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
- INFN Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - B Cai
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - M Cárdenas-Montes
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - S Cavuoti
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi "Federico II" di Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
- Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte, Salita Moiariello 16, I-80131 Napoli, Italy
- INFN Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - B T Cleveland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, P3E 2C6, Canada
- SNOLAB, Lively, Ontario, P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - J M Corning
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - S Daugherty
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - P DelGobbo
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - P Di Stefano
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - L Doria
- PRISMA+, Cluster of Excellence and Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Dunford
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - E Ellingwood
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - A Erlandson
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, K0J 1J0, Canada
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - S S Farahani
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - N Fatemighomi
- Royal Holloway University London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
- SNOLAB, Lively, Ontario, P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - G Fiorillo
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi "Federico II" di Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
- INFN Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
| | - D Gallacher
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - P García Abia
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - S Garg
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - P Giampa
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - D Goeldi
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - P Gorel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, P3E 2C6, Canada
- SNOLAB, Lively, Ontario, P3Y 1N2, Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - K Graham
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - A Grobov
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow 123182, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - A L Hallin
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - M Hamstra
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - T Hugues
- AstroCeNT, Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rektorska 4, 00-614 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Ilyasov
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow 123182, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - A Joy
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - B Jigmeddorj
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, K0J 1J0, Canada
| | - C J Jillings
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, P3E 2C6, Canada
- SNOLAB, Lively, Ontario, P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - O Kamaev
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, K0J 1J0, Canada
| | - G Kaur
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - A Kemp
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
- Royal Holloway University London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - I Kochanek
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (AQ) 67100, Italy
| | - M Kuźniak
- AstroCeNT, Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rektorska 4, 00-614 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - M Lai
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
- INFN Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - S Langrock
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, P3E 2C6, Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - B Lehnert
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - A Leonhardt
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - N Levashko
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow 123182, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - X Li
- Physics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - M Lissia
- INFN Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - O Litvinov
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - J Lock
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - G Longo
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi "Federico II" di Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
- INFN Napoli, Napoli 80126, Italy
| | - I Machulin
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow 123182, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - A B McDonald
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - T McElroy
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - J B McLaughlin
- Royal Holloway University London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - C Mielnichuk
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - L Mirasola
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - J Monroe
- Royal Holloway University London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - G Oliviéro
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - S Pal
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - S J M Peeters
- University of Sussex, Sussex House, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9RH, United Kingdom
| | - M Perry
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - V Pesudo
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - E Picciau
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
- INFN Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - M-C Piro
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - T R Pollmann
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - N Raj
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - E T Rand
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, K0J 1J0, Canada
| | - C Rethmeier
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - F Retière
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - I Rodríguez-García
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - L Roszkowski
- AstroCeNT, Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rektorska 4, 00-614 Warsaw, Poland
- BP2, National Centre for Nuclear Research, ul. Pasteura 7, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - J B Ruhland
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - E Sanchez García
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - T Sánchez-Pastor
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - R Santorelli
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - S Seth
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - D Sinclair
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - P Skensved
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - B Smith
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - N J T Smith
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, P3E 2C6, Canada
- SNOLAB, Lively, Ontario, P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - T Sonley
- SNOLAB, Lively, Ontario, P3Y 1N2, Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - R Stainforth
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - M Stringer
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - B Sur
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, K0J 1J0, Canada
| | - E Vázquez-Jáuregui
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, P3E 2C6, Canada
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 20-364, México D.F. 01000, México
| | - S Viel
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - J Walding
- Royal Holloway University London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
| | - M Waqar
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston ON K7L 3N6,Canada
| | - M Ward
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
- SNOLAB, Lively, Ontario, P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - S Westerdale
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
- INFN Cagliari, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - J Willis
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - A Zuñiga-Reyes
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 20-364, México D.F. 01000, México
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Adhikari P, Ajaj R, Alpízar-Venegas M, Amaudruz PA, Auty DJ, Batygov M, Beltran B, Benmansour H, Bina CE, Bonatt J, Bonivento W, Boulay MG, Broerman B, Bueno JF, Burghardt PM, Butcher A, Cadeddu M, Cai B, Cárdenas-Montes M, Cavuoti S, Chen M, Chen Y, Cleveland BT, Corning JM, Cranshaw D, Daugherty S, DelGobbo P, Dering K, DiGioseffo J, Di Stefano P, Doria L, Duncan FA, Dunford M, Ellingwood E, Erlandson A, Farahani SS, Fatemighomi N, Fiorillo G, Florian S, Flower T, Ford RJ, Gagnon R, Gallacher D, García Abia P, Garg S, Giampa P, Goeldi D, Golovko V, Gorel P, Graham K, Grant DR, Grobov A, Hallin AL, Hamstra M, Harvey PJ, Hearns C, Hugues T, Ilyasov A, Joy A, Jigmeddorj B, Jillings CJ, Kamaev O, Kaur G, Kemp A, Kochanek I, Kuźniak M, Lai M, Langrock S, Lehnert B, Leonhardt A, Levashko N, Li X, Lidgard J, Lindner T, Lissia M, Lock J, Longo G, Machulin I, McDonald AB, McElroy T, McGinn T, McLaughlin JB, Mehdiyev R, Mielnichuk C, Monroe J, Nadeau P, Nantais C, Ng C, Noble AJ, O’Dwyer E, Oliviéro G, Ouellet C, Pal S, Pasuthip P, Peeters SJM, Perry M, Pesudo V, Picciau E, Piro MC, Pollmann TR, Rand ET, Rethmeier C, Retière F, Rodríguez-García I, Roszkowski L, Ruhland JB, Sánchez-García E, Santorelli R, Sinclair D, Skensved P, Smith B, Smith NJT, Sonley T, Soukup J, Stainforth R, Stone C, Strickland V, Stringer M, Sur B, Tang J, Vázquez-Jáuregui E, Viel S, Walding J, Waqar M, Ward M, Westerdale S, Willis J, Zuñiga-Reyes A. Pulse-shape discrimination against low-energy Ar-39 beta decays in liquid argon with 4.5 tonne-years of DEAP-3600 data. Eur Phys J C Part Fields 2021; 81:823. [PMID: 34720726 PMCID: PMC8550104 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09514-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The DEAP-3600 detector searches for the scintillation signal from dark matter particles scattering on a 3.3 tonne liquid argon target. The largest background comes from 39 Ar beta decays and is suppressed using pulse-shape discrimination (PSD). We use two types of PSD estimator: the prompt-fraction, which considers the fraction of the scintillation signal in a narrow and a wide time window around the event peak, and the log-likelihood-ratio, which compares the observed photon arrival times to a signal and a background model. We furthermore use two algorithms to determine the number of photons detected at a given time: (1) simply dividing the charge of each PMT pulse by the mean single-photoelectron charge, and (2) a likelihood analysis that considers the probability to detect a certain number of photons at a given time, based on a model for the scintillation pulse shape and for afterpulsing in the light detectors. The prompt-fraction performs approximately as well as the log-likelihood-ratio PSD algorithm if the photon detection times are not biased by detector effects. We explain this result using a model for the information carried by scintillation photons as a function of the time when they are detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Adhikari
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - R. Ajaj
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - M. Alpízar-Venegas
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A. P. 20-364, 01000 Mexico, D.F. Mexico
| | | | - D. J. Auty
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - M. Batygov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada
| | - B. Beltran
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada
| | - H. Benmansour
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - C. E. Bina
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - J. Bonatt
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | | | - M. G. Boulay
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - B. Broerman
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - J. F. Bueno
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada
| | - P. M. Burghardt
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - A. Butcher
- Royal Holloway University London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX UK
| | | | - B. Cai
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - M. Cárdenas-Montes
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S. Cavuoti
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi “Federico II” di Napoli, 80126 Naples, Italy
- INFN Napoli, 80126 Naples, Italy
- INAF-Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte, Salita Moiariello 16, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - M. Chen
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Y. Chen
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada
| | - B. T. Cleveland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada
- SNOLAB, Lively, ON P3Y 1M3 Canada
| | - J. M. Corning
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - D. Cranshaw
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - S. Daugherty
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada
| | - P. DelGobbo
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - K. Dering
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - J. DiGioseffo
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - P. Di Stefano
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - L. Doria
- PRISMA+ Cluster of Excellence and Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - M. Dunford
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - E. Ellingwood
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - A. Erlandson
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories Ltd, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0 Canada
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - S. S. Farahani
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada
| | | | - G. Fiorillo
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi “Federico II” di Napoli, 80126 Naples, Italy
- INFN Napoli, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - S. Florian
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - T. Flower
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - R. J. Ford
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada
- SNOLAB, Lively, ON P3Y 1M3 Canada
| | - R. Gagnon
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - D. Gallacher
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - P. García Abia
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S. Garg
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - P. Giampa
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3 Canada
| | - D. Goeldi
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - V. Golovko
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories Ltd, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0 Canada
| | - P. Gorel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada
- SNOLAB, Lively, ON P3Y 1M3 Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - K. Graham
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - D. R. Grant
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada
| | - A. Grobov
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, 123182 Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, 115409 Russia
| | - A. L. Hallin
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada
| | - M. Hamstra
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - P. J. Harvey
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - C. Hearns
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - T. Hugues
- AstroCeNT, Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rektorska 4, 00-614 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A. Ilyasov
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, 123182 Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, 115409 Russia
| | - A. Joy
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - B. Jigmeddorj
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories Ltd, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0 Canada
| | - C. J. Jillings
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada
- SNOLAB, Lively, ON P3Y 1M3 Canada
| | - O. Kamaev
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories Ltd, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0 Canada
| | - G. Kaur
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - A. Kemp
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
- Royal Holloway University London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX UK
| | - I. Kochanek
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, 67100 Assergi, AQ Italy
| | - M. Kuźniak
- AstroCeNT, Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rektorska 4, 00-614 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - M. Lai
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
- INFN Cagliari, Cagliari, 09042 Italy
| | - S. Langrock
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - B. Lehnert
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
- Present Address: Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - A. Leonhardt
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - N. Levashko
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, 123182 Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, 115409 Russia
| | - X. Li
- Physics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
| | - J. Lidgard
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | | | - M. Lissia
- INFN Cagliari, Cagliari, 09042 Italy
| | - J. Lock
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - G. Longo
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi “Federico II” di Napoli, 80126 Naples, Italy
- INFN Napoli, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - I. Machulin
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, 123182 Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, 115409 Russia
| | - A. B. McDonald
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - T. McElroy
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada
| | - T. McGinn
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - J. B. McLaughlin
- Royal Holloway University London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX UK
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3 Canada
| | - R. Mehdiyev
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - C. Mielnichuk
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada
| | - J. Monroe
- Royal Holloway University London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX UK
| | - P. Nadeau
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - C. Nantais
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - C. Ng
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada
| | - A. J. Noble
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - E. O’Dwyer
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - G. Oliviéro
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - C. Ouellet
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - S. Pal
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - P. Pasuthip
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - S. J. M. Peeters
- University of Sussex, Sussex House, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9RH UK
| | - M. Perry
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - V. Pesudo
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E. Picciau
- Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
- INFN Cagliari, Cagliari, 09042 Italy
| | - M.-C. Piro
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - T. R. Pollmann
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany
- Present Address: Nikhef and the University of Amsterdam, Science Park, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E. T. Rand
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories Ltd, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0 Canada
| | - C. Rethmeier
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | | | - I. Rodríguez-García
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L. Roszkowski
- AstroCeNT, Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rektorska 4, 00-614 Warsaw, Poland
- BP2, National Centre for Nuclear Research, ul. Pasteura 7, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - J. B. Ruhland
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - E. Sánchez-García
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R. Santorelli
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D. Sinclair
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - P. Skensved
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - B. Smith
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3 Canada
| | - N. J. T. Smith
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada
- SNOLAB, Lively, ON P3Y 1M3 Canada
| | - T. Sonley
- SNOLAB, Lively, ON P3Y 1M3 Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - J. Soukup
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada
| | - R. Stainforth
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - C. Stone
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - V. Strickland
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - M. Stringer
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - B. Sur
- Canadian Nuclear Laboratories Ltd, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0 Canada
| | - J. Tang
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada
| | - E. Vázquez-Jáuregui
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6 Canada
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A. P. 20-364, 01000 Mexico, D.F. Mexico
| | - S. Viel
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - J. Walding
- Royal Holloway University London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX UK
| | - M. Waqar
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
- Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - M. Ward
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - S. Westerdale
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
- INFN Cagliari, Cagliari, 09042 Italy
| | - J. Willis
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3 Canada
| | - A. Zuñiga-Reyes
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A. P. 20-364, 01000 Mexico, D.F. Mexico
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Yao Y, Cai B, Xu LL, Wang JW. [Correlation between neck pressure pain threshold and forward head posture in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 56:759-763. [PMID: 34404141 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20210312-00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association between neck muscles pressure pain thresholds (PPT) and forward head posture (FHP) in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Methods: A total of 145 TMD patients, including 23 males and 122 females with a median age of 28 years, were enrolled in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from December 2019 to April 2020. Informations of FHP and neck muscles PPT were collected for all participants. FHP was characterized by the craniocervical angle (CVA) between C7, the tragus of the ear and the horizontal line. Each of the participants completed a questionaire of the neck disability index (NDI). The patients with CVA≤51 ° were asigned into FHP group, otherwise the patients with CVA>51° were asigned into non-FHP group. PPT were measured at the midpoint of the upper trapezius and 1 cm aside from C5-C6 articular pillars. Nonparametric test and Spearman correlation analysis were conducted for the data analysis. Results: There were 70 patients in the FHP group and 75 patients in the non-FHP group. The trapezius PPT of the FHP group [2.82(0.86) kg] was significantly higher than that of the non-FHP group [2.46(0.80) kg] (P<0.01). No significant differences in PPT and NDI were observed between the two groups (P>0.05). Low correlation was found between trapezius PPT and FHP negatively (r=-0.273, P<0.01) and no correlation was found between C5-C6 PPT and FHP (r=-0.124, P>0.05). PPT in trapezius and C5-C6 was negatively correlated with NDI in moderate (r=-0.301, P<0.01) and low (r=-0.206, P<0.05) levels. Conclusions: The trapezius PPT was correlated with FHP negatively. The more FHP, the more pain tolerant of trapezius muscles. There was no correlation between neck function and FHP directly. The higher threshold was followed by better neck function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - B Cai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - L L Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - J W Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
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Cai B. P–797 A novel method for establishing human embryonic stem cells independent of feeder cells. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Is there a efficient establishing method of human embryonic stem cells directly from the human blastocysts independent of feeder cells?
Summary answer
We established a novel method of generating human embryonic stem cells directly from human blastocysts independent of feeder layer cells.
What is known already
Establishing embryonic stem cells lines mainly needed to coculture ICM clumps with feeder cells (like mouse or human fibroblasts) ,this brought in potential heterogeneous pollution.Although there had be some reports about generating human ESCs independent of feeder cells,but the efficiency was low and conditioned medium were unstable and also had the biological contamination.
Study design, size, duration
We used ten day5/6 donated human blastocysts from our reproductive center ,most of them were genetically diseased embryos with abnormal PGT diagnosis.After establishing ESCs procedure , all the cell lines were identified with pluripotency and differentiation potential tests.The success rate of system was calculated and compared with the conventional methods.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
In brief, ICM clumps were separated mechanically by using a micromanipulation system,and then transferred to a 30ul mTESR plus culture media drop pretreated with the geltrex (1:100 dilution) matrix and oxygen concentration was 5%. When cells attached and migrated,we also used laser to destroy the remaining trophoblast cells.About 10 days,the typical ES clone can be mechanically passaged and cells can be cultured in normal oxygen concentrations after passage 2. .
Main results and the role of chance
Using this method we had successfully established nine embryonic stem cell lines from donated human blastocysts ,the success rate was 90% (9/10). Each cell lines had passed the evaluation test of embryonic stem cell. When compared with the conventional feeder cells dependent method,our novol methods not only eliminated the pollution from heterogeneous cells,but also had higher success rate (90% vs 25%).
Limitations, reasons for caution
Due to the scarcity of donated human blastocysts, this experiment was a single-center experiment with small samples.
Wider implications of the findings: We speculated that the batch differences of culture dishes, matrix and culture medium might affect the establish efficiency , and how to carry out a high level of quality control work might be the key factor to keep the system stable.
Trial registration number
basic research
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cai
- First Affiliated Hospital of SunYat-sen University, reproductive medicine center, Guangzhou-Guangdong, China
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Cai B. P-797 A novel method for establishing human embryonic stem cells independent of feeder cells. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab128.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Is there a efficient establishing method of human embryonic stem cells directly from the human blastocysts independent of feeder cells?
Summary answer
We established a novel method of generating human embryonic stem cells directly from human blastocysts independent of feeder layer cells.
What is known already
Establishing embryonic stem cells lines mainly needed to coculture ICM clumps with feeder cells (like mouse or human fibroblasts), this brought in potential heterogeneous pollution. Although there had be some reports about generating human ESCs independent of feeder cells, but the efficiency was low and conditioned medium were unstable and also had the biological contamination.
Study design, size, duration
We used ten day5/6 donated human blastocysts from our reproductive center, most of them were genetically diseased embryos with abnormal PGT diagnosis. After establishing ESCs procedure, all the cell lines were identified with pluripotency and differentiation potential tests. The success rate of system was calculated and compared with the conventional methods.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
In brief, ICM clumps were separated mechanically by using a micromanipulation system,and then transferred to a 30ul mTESR plus culture media drop pretreated with the geltrex (1:100 dilution) matrix and oxygen concentration was 5%. When cells attached and migrated,we also used laser to destroy the remaining trophoblast cells. About 10 days,the typical ES clone can be mechanically passaged and cells can be cultured in normal oxygen concentrations after passage 2..
Main results and the role of chance
Using this method we had successfully established nine embryonic stem cell lines from donated human blastocysts, the success rate was 90% (9/10). Each cell lines had passed the evaluation test of embryonic stem cell. When compared with the conventional feeder cells dependent method,our novol methods not only eliminated the pollution from heterogeneous cells,but also had higher success rate (90% vs 25%).
Limitations, reasons for caution
Due to the scarcity of donated human blastocysts, this experiment was a single-center experiment with small samples.
Wider implications of the findings
We speculated that the batch differences of culture dishes, matrix and culture medium might affect the establish efficiency, and how to carry out a high level of quality control work might be the key factor to keep the system stable.
Trial registration number
basic research
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cai
- First Affiliated Hospital of SunYat-sen University, reproductive medicine center, Guangzhou-Guangdong, China
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Cai B, Ma L, Meng L, Mo J, Xu S, Qu B, Liu F. PO-0975 ICT Plus Simultaneous Modulated Accelerated Radiation Therapy in Non-operative SCCH/L. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07426-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Xia X, Liu Z, Cai B, Di X, Sun X, Ge X. A comparison between raltitrexed plus cisplatin and docetaxel plus cisplatin in concurrent chemoradiation for non-surgical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Radiother 2021; 25:39-44. [PMID: 33419607 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2020.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is considered as a standard treatment for unresectable and inoperable esophageal cancer (EC) patients. However, no consensus has been reached regarding the optimal synchronous chemotherapy regimen and the best combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of raltitrexed plus cisplatin and docetaxel plus cisplatin to find a safe and effective concurrent chemotherapy schedule. PATIENTS AND METHODS Our retrospective study included 151 EC patients treated with raltitrexed and cisplatin (RP) (n=90) or docetaxel and cisplatin (DP) (n=61) from 2011 till 2018. Survival outcomes and treatment related toxicity were analyzed between the two groups. RESULTS PFS and OS were 18 and 34 months in the RP group, while 13 and 20 months in the DP group (P=0.118 and P=0.270). The 1-, 2-, 3-year survival rates of the RP group were 71.1, 55.4 and 46.4%. For the DP group, these were 63.9, 44.3 and 37.6%, respectively. Compared with DP group, RP group received a superior CR rate (68.9% versus 52.5%, P=0.041). There was a trend that the total number of toxic reactions in RP group was lower than that in DP group (P=0.058). CONCLUSIONS Even RP and DP groups have the similar survival outcomes and toxicity, raltitrexed/cisplatin get a higher complete response rate. Our study suggests that raltitrexed combined with cisplatin is a safe and effective concurrent chemotherapy regimen and it might be used as an alternative for cisplatin/5-FU and cisplatin/docetaxel in CCRT for EC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Xia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Z Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, school of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - B Cai
- Department of Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Hospital of Skin Diseases and Institute of Dermatology, 12, Jiangwang Temple Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - X Di
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - X Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, school of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - X Ge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, 300, Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Cai B, Fulcher N, Boyd M, Spira A. CP01.05 Relapse Rate and Associated Healthcare Resource Utilization in Stage IIA-IIIB Adjuvant NSCLC Patients Treated in a US Oncology Community Network. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Velarde A, Najera K, Gay H, Powderly W, Mutic S, Green J, Michalski J, Henke L, De Falla V, Laugeman E, Catu M, Hugo G, Cai B, van Rheenen J. Transitioning from Old Cobalt-60 Teletherapy to Modern Linac Radiotherapy in a Lower-Middle Income Country Guatemala. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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36
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Yang D, Kim H, Green O, Henke L, Gu B, Cai B, Cammin J, Li H. Co-60 MR Guided Adaptive Radiation Treatment Improves Target Coverage and Organs-At-Risk Sparing: Dosimetric Analysis of 1185 Adaptive Fractions and 5 Years’ Experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Reynoso F, Pryser E, Hugo G, Cai B, Abraham C, Henke L, Huang J, Perkins S, Robinson C. Semi-Automated Hippocampal Sparing Avoidance Whole-Brain Radiotherapy Using a Commercially Available Artificial Intelligence Toolkit. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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38
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Cai B, Laugeman E, Hao Y, Kim T, Pryser E, Jiang Z, Green O, Price A, Kim H, Robinson C, Mutic S, Hugo G, Henke L. Evaluation and Validation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Delineation Models for CBCT-guided Stereotactic Online Adaptive Radiotherapy (STAR) Targeting Upper Abdominal Malignancies. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zhao T, Henke L, Kim H, Robinson C, Hugo G, Mutic S, Cai B. Feasibility of Expediting Radiotherapy Clinical Workflow by Planning on Diagnostic Images and Adapting on a Commercial Adaptive Radiotherapy System. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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40
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Najera K, Velarde A, Mutic S, van Rheenen J, Cai B, Laugeman E, Catu M, Hugo G, Henke L, Gay H, De Falla V. Implementation of a Modern Standardized Commissioning – An International Collaboration to Install an Advanced Ring Gantry LINAC in Clinical Mode in a Lower Income Country. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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41
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Henke L, Green O, Price A, Marko A, Wittland E, Kim H, Pryser E, Laugeman E, Mutic S, Hugo G, Cai B. Feasibility of AI-assisted CBCT-guided Stereotactic Online Adaptive Radiotherapy (CT-STAR) for Upper Abdominal SBRT: Results of a Prospective in Silico Clinical Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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42
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Liu Y, Cai B, Chong Y, Zhang H, Kemp CA, Lu S, Chang CS, Ren M, Cowell JK, Hu T. Downregulation of PUMA underlies resistance to FGFR1 inhibitors in the stem cell leukemia/lymphoma syndrome. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:884. [PMID: 33082322 PMCID: PMC7576156 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03098-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to molecular therapies frequently occur due to genetic changes affecting the targeted pathway. In myeloid and lymphoid leukemias/lymphomas resulting from constitutive activation of FGFR1 kinases, resistance has been shown to be due either to mutations in FGFR1 or deletions of PTEN. RNA-Seq analysis of the resistant clones demonstrates expression changes in cell death pathways centering on the p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (Puma) protein. Treatment with different tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) revealed that, in both FGFR1 mutation and Pten deletion-mediated resistance, sustained Akt activation in resistant cells leads to compromised Puma activation, resulting in suppression of TKI-induced apoptosis. This suppression of Puma is achieved as a result of sequestration of inactivated p-Foxo3a in the cytoplasm. CRISPR/Cas9 mediated knockout of Puma in leukemic cells led to an increased drug resistance in the knockout cells demonstrating a direct role in TKI resistance. Since Puma promotes cell death by targeting Bcl2, TKI-resistant cells showed high Bcl2 levels and targeting Bcl2 with Venetoclax (ABT199) led to increased apoptosis in these cells. In vivo treatment of mice xenografted with resistant cells using ABT199 suppressed leukemogenesis and led to prolonged survival. This in-depth survey of the underlying genetic mechanisms of resistance has identified a potential means of treating FGFR1-driven malignancies that are resistant to FGFR1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.,Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Baohuan Cai
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yating Chong
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Hualei Zhang
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Chesley-Anne Kemp
- College of Allied Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Sumin Lu
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | | | - Mingqiang Ren
- Consortium for Health and Military Performance (CHAMP), Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John K Cowell
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Tianxiang Hu
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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Yuan W, Liu X, Zeng L, Liu H, Cai B, Huang Y, Tao X, Mo L, Zhao L, Gao C. Silencing of Long Non-Coding RNA X Inactive Specific Transcript (Xist) Contributes to Suppression of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Induced by Hyperoxia in Newborn Mice via microRNA-101-3p and the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)/Smad3 Axis. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e922424. [PMID: 33070148 PMCID: PMC7580178 DOI: 10.12659/msm.922424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease mostly affecting premature infants. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) X inactive specific transcript (Xist) is actively involved in pulmonary disease development. The present study explored the potential mechanism of Xist in BPD development. MATERIAL AND METHODS First, newborn BPD mouse models were successfully established. lncRNAs and genes with differential expression were identified using microarray analysis. Various injuries and radial alveolar counts of lung tissues of BPD mice were detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Functional assays were utilized to detect alterations of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), vascular endothelial growth factor, collagen I, alpha-smooth muscle Actin, TGF-ß1, and Smad3. Then, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA pull-down assay were performed to clarify the targeting relationship between Xist and miR-101-3p and between miR-101-3p and high-mobility group protein B3 (HMGB3). RESULTS In BPD mice, radial alveolar counts value and SOD activity declined while MDA level increased. Results of microarray analysis found that Xist and HMGB3 were highly expressed in BPD mice. Next, silenced Xist alleviated lung damage in BPD mice. Xist competitively bound to miR-101-3p to activate HMGB3, and overexpressed miR-101-3p mitigated lung damage in BPD mice. Additionally, silenced Xist downregulated the TGF-ß1/Smad3 axis. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that silencing of Xist suppressed BPD development by binding to miR-101-3p and downregulating HMGB3 and the TGF-b1/Smad3 axis. Our results may provide novel insights for BPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Yuan
- Department of Neonatology, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Neonatology, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Lingkong Zeng
- Department of Neonatology, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Hanchu Liu
- Department of Neonatology, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Baohuan Cai
- Department of Neonatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Huang
- Department of Neonatology, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Xuwei Tao
- Department of Neonatology, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Luxia Mo
- Department of Neonatology, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Lingxia Zhao
- Department of Neonatology, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Chunfang Gao
- Department of Neonatology, Wuhan Children’s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
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Aharmim B, Ahmed S, Anthony A, Barros N, Beier E, Bellerive A, Beltran B, Bergevin M, Biller S, Blucher E, Bonventre R, Boudjemline K, Boulay M, Cai B, Callaghan E, Caravaca J, Chan Y, Chauhan D, Chen M, Cleveland B, Cox G, Dai X, Deng H, Descamps F, Detwiler J, Doe P, Doucas G, Drouin PL, Dunford M, Elliott S, Evans H, Ewan G, Farine J, Fergani H, Fleurot F, Ford R, Formaggio J, Gagnon N, Gilje K, Goon J, Graham K, Guillian E, Habib S, Hahn R, Hallin A, Hallman E, Harvey P, Hazama R, Heintzelman W, Heise J, Helmer R, Hime A, Howard C, Huang M, Jagam P, Jamieson B, Jelley N, Jerkins M, Keeter K, Klein J, Kormos L, Kos M, Kraus C, Krauss C, Krüger A, Kutter T, Kyba C, Labe K, Land B, Lange R, LaTorre A, Law J, Lawson I, Lesko K, Leslie J, Levine I, Loach J, MacLellan R, Majerus S, Mak H, Maneira J, Martin R, Mastbaum A, McCauley N, McDonald A, McGee S, Miller M, Monreal B, Monroe J, Nickel B, Noble A, O’Keeffe H, Oblath N, Okada C, Ollerhead R, Orebi Gann G, Oser S, Ott R, Peeters S, Poon A, Prior G, Reitzner S, Rielage K, Robertson B, Robertson R, Schwendener M, Secrest J, Seibert S, Simard O, Sinclair D, Skensved P, Sonley T, Stonehill L, Tešić G, Tolich N, Tsui T, Van Berg R, VanDevender B, Virtue C, Wall B, Waller D, Wan Chan Tseung H, Wark D, Wendland J, West N, Wilkerson J, Wilson J, Winchester T, Wright A, Yeh M, Zhang F, Zuber K. Search for
hep
solar neutrinos and the diffuse supernova neutrino background using all three phases of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory. Int J Clin Exp Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.102.062006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Yi H, Cui X, Cai B, Qiu L, Song P, Zhang W. A quantitative grading system of vesicoureteral reflux by contrastenhanced voiding urosonography. Med Ultrason 2020; 22:287-292. [PMID: 32399539 DOI: 10.11152/mu-2311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography (ceVUS) is a well-established imaging modality for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). However, discrepancies of grading diagnosis of VUR exist due to the qualitative grading criteria currently used in clinics. This study aimed to evaluate numerical markers for a quantitative VUR grading system. MATERIAL AND METHODS CeVUS images of grade II-VVUR were analysed. A quantitative indicator, i.e. sectional area ratio (SAR), on the imaging section with maximum cross-section area and the presence of kidney hilum was calculated to distinguish different grades of VUR. The diagnostic performance of SAR was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, and the maximum Youden Index was used to determine the optimal cut-off values. RESULTS A total of 63 patients with 126 PelviUreteral Units were enrolled. The SAR value increased significantly along with the increase of VUR grade. SAR had an excellent diagnostic performance in grading VUR. For differentiating VUR of grade II vs III, III vs IV and IV vs V, the area under the ROC curve values of SAR were 0.967, 0.943 and 0.865, respectively, while the optimal SAR cut-off values were 14.3%, 34.9% and 51.0%, respectively. The quantitative grading system based on the optimal SAR cut-off values showed excellent consistency with the qualitative grading system of VUR currently used in clinic. CONCLUSIONS The numerical indicator SAR calculated from ceVUS may be used to establish a quantitative VUR grading system with excellent diagnostic performance and can potentially serve as a reliable tool for the evaluation and follow-up of VUR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Yi
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xinwu Cui
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Baohuan Cai
- Department of paediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Liru Qiu
- Department of paediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Pengfei Song
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Cai B, Tan J, Lin Z, Xuan J. PCV12 Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation Using Thermocool Smarttouch with or without Ablation INDEX (AI) Guided Versus the 2ND-Generation Cryoballoon for the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation in China: A Cost- Effectiveness Analysis. Value Health Reg Issues 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yang L, Cai B, Xue JR, Jiang P, Guo XZ. [Clinical effects of individualized free anterolateral thigh flap in repairing complex refractory wound]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2020; 36:730-734. [PMID: 32829614 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20190621-00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the clinical effects of individualized free anterolateral thigh flap in repairing complex refractory wound. Methods: From July 2015 to May 2019, 19 patients with complex refractory wounds were hospitalized in Yulin NO.1 People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, including 12 males and 7 female, aged 13-67 years. There were 5 patients with multiple tissue defects, 7 patients with large area of wounds, and 7 patients with wounds in special areas. The sizes of wounds after complete debridement were 8 cm×5 cm-23 cm×7 cm. According to the repair demand, the wounds in 5 patients were repaired with anterolateral thigh flaps and flow-through, the wounds in 7 patients were repaired with anterolateral thigh flaps chimed with lateral thigh muscle flaps, with vascular anastomosis in 2 patients, the wounds in 6 patients were repaired with unilateral anterolateral thigh lobulated flaps, and the wound in 1 patient was repaired with bilateral anterolateral thigh flap in series connection. The sizes of flaps were 10 cm×7 cm-25 cm×9 cm. The donor sites were sutured directly or repaired with thin split-thickness skin graft of head. The survival of the flaps, the appearance of the donor sites, and wounds repair after the operation and during follow-up were observed. Results: The lobulated flap in 1 patient had local necrosis after the operation and finally healed by debridement, dressing change, and transplanting medium split-thickness skin graft in groin. The flaps in 18 patients survived with good blood supply, and the lobulated flap tissue was swollen in 1 of 18 patients. The donor sites which were directly sutured in 18 patients only had linear scar, and the donor site which was repaired with thin split-thickness skin graft of head in 1 patient had flaky scar. Follow-up of 1-12 months showed that all the wounds healed well, the flap thinning operations were performed in 5 patients in 3 months post operation because the flaps were slightly bloated. The CT angiography after the operation showed that the anastomosed blood vessels were unobstructed in 7 patients with reconstructed local blood supply. Conclusions: The special forms of anterolateral thigh flap, such as lobulation, series connection, and chimerism can be designed according to the anatomical characteristics of the descending branch of the lateral femoral artery to meet individualized repair demand for complex refractory wounds, and achieve the double purposes of making full use of the donor site tissue and good repair of the recipient site.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Yulin NO.1 People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yulin 537000, China
| | - B Cai
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Yulin NO.1 People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yulin 537000, China
| | - J R Xue
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Yulin NO.1 People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yulin 537000, China
| | - P Jiang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Yulin NO.1 People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yulin 537000, China
| | - X Z Guo
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Yulin NO.1 People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yulin 537000, China
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Chen Y, Zong C, Jia J, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Cai B, Tian L. A study on the protective effect of molecular hydrogen on osteoradionecrosis of the jaw in rats. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 49:1648-1654. [PMID: 32451233 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of hydrogen in a rat model of osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ). The rats and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were pre-treated with hydrogen before receiving irradiation (7Gy per fraction, five fractions in total once a day for rats, 4Gy for BMSCs). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell differentiation were measured in the BMSCs. Also, the radioprotective effect of hydrogen for ORNJ in Sprague-Dawley rats was examined by gross clinical manifestations, micro-computed tomography, and histology. Hydrogen significantly reduced the production of ROS in BMSCs after irradiation. The cell viability was significantly decreased after irradiation (P= 0.001), but pre-treatment with hydrogen before irradiation increased the cell viability (P= 0.025). Hydrogen considerably increased the cellular differentiation potential of the irradiated cells. Comparing with the rats underwent irradiaton only, those rats treated by hydrogen-rich saline significantly appeared improved occlusion, salivation, alopecia, oral ulcer, and less bone necrosis. Myofibroblasts accumulated overwhelmingly in the fibrosis medulla and around the sequestrum after irradiation, and this was decreased in the group pre-treated with hydrogen. Hydrogen may represent a strategy for the prevention and treatment of ORNJ. Its high efficacy and low toxicity suggest possible therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - C Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - J Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Y Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Z Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - B Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - L Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Dong SR, Jiang J, Wang YJ, Li CL, Shi Y, Yang Y, Yang Y, Li LH, Cai B, You JB, Jiang F, Jiang QW, Zhou YB. [Impact of water body environments on the microbial community of Oncomelania hupensis snails in marshlands around the eastern Dongting Lake]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2020; 32:132-139. [PMID: 32458601 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2019202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of water body environments on the microbial community of Oncomelania hupensis snails in marshlands of the eastern Dongting Lake where natural extinction of O. hupensis snails are found, so as to explore the correlation between the natural extinction of O. hupensis snails and the microbial community in snails. METHODS Snails were caged water bodies in the Qianliang Lake marshland (Qianliang Lake regions) where natural extinction of snails was found and in the Junshan Park marshland (Junshan Park regions) in the eastern Dongting Lake for 30 days, and then all snails were collected and identified for survival or death. DNA sequencing of the fungi and bacteria was performed in snails before and after immersion in waters, and the biodiversity and abundance were analyzed. RESULTS The survival rates of O. hupensis snails were 28.0% (70/250) and 64.8% (162/250) in Qianliang Lake regions and Junshan Park regions 30 days after immersion in waters, respectively (χ2 = 81.365, P < 0.01). The number of the fungal community and the biodiversity of the bacterial community were both greater in snails caged in Qianliang Lake regions post-immersion than pre-immersion, and there was a significant difference in the structure of the fungal and bacterial communities. The microbial community with a significant difference included Flavobacteriaceae,which was harmful to O. hupensis snails. CONCLUSIONS The water body environment affects the composition of the microbial community in O. hupensis snails in marshlands with natural snail distinction around the eastern Dongting Lake; however, further studies are required to investigate whether the natural distinction of snails is caused by water body environments-induced changes of the microbial spectrum in O. hupensis snails.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Dong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Tropical Disease Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J Jiang
- Junshan District Station for Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Y J Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Tropical Disease Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - C L Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Tropical Disease Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y Shi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Tropical Disease Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Tropical Disease Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Tropical Disease Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - L H Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Tropical Disease Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - B Cai
- Junshan District Station for Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang City, Hunan Province, China
| | - J B You
- Qianlianghu Station for Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang City, Hunan Province, China
| | - F Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Tropical Disease Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Q W Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Tropical Disease Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y B Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Tropical Disease Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Cai B, Yi H, Zhang W. Reference intervals of mesenteric lymph node size according to lymphocyte counts in asymptomatic children. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228734. [PMID: 32040486 PMCID: PMC7010245 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There is no acknowledged reference interval of mesenteric lymph node size in healthy children, and the size criterion for mesenteric lymph node enlargement (MLNE) has long been controversial. This study aimed to explore the reference intervals of mesenteric lymph node size according to lymphocyte counts in asymptomatic children and to develop a more appropriate definition of MLNE. The asymptomatic children included were divided into five age strata: 2 to 3 yr; 3 to 4 yr; 4 to 5 yr; 5 to 6 yr; and 6 to 7 yr. Correlation analyses between lymphocyte counts and the long-axis diameter, short-axis diameter, and average diameter of the largest mesenteric lymph node (LMLN) were performed. A reference interval of the short-axis diameter of LMLN was established according to this correlation analysis in each age group. We also report a reference interval of lymphocyte count in each age group. This study revealed significant correlations between the short-axis diameter of LMLN and lymphocyte count in all age groups, as well as in subdivided boy groups and girl groups. The overall reference interval of the short-axis diameter of LMLN in children was 0.54 cm—1.03 cm, with mean value of 0.75 cm. This study supports the use of the short-axis diameter greater than 8–10 mm as the diagnostic criterion for primary mesenteric lymphadenitis based on the presence of a cluster of three or more mesenteric lymph nodes and in the absence of other abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohuan Cai
- Department of pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Huiming Yi
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
- * E-mail:
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