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Budden KF, Shukla SD, Bowerman KL, Vaughan A, Gellatly SL, Wood DLA, Lachner N, Idrees S, Rehman SF, Faiz A, Patel VK, Donovan C, Alemao CA, Shen S, Amorim N, Majumder R, Vanka KS, Mason J, Haw TJ, Tillet B, Fricker M, Keely S, Hansbro N, Belz GT, Horvat J, Ashhurst T, van Vreden C, McGuire H, Fazekas de St Groth B, King NJC, Crossett B, Cordwell SJ, Bonaguro L, Schultze JL, Hamilton-Williams EE, Mann E, Forster SC, Cooper MA, Segal LN, Chotirmall SH, Collins P, Bowman R, Fong KM, Yang IA, Wark PAB, Dennis PG, Hugenholtz P, Hansbro PM. Faecal microbial transfer and complex carbohydrates mediate protection against COPD. Gut 2024; 73:751-769. [PMID: 38331563 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of global illness and death, most commonly caused by cigarette smoke. The mechanisms of pathogenesis remain poorly understood, limiting the development of effective therapies. The gastrointestinal microbiome has been implicated in chronic lung diseases via the gut-lung axis, but its role is unclear. DESIGN Using an in vivo mouse model of cigarette smoke (CS)-induced COPD and faecal microbial transfer (FMT), we characterised the faecal microbiota using metagenomics, proteomics and metabolomics. Findings were correlated with airway and systemic inflammation, lung and gut histopathology and lung function. Complex carbohydrates were assessed in mice using a high resistant starch diet, and in 16 patients with COPD using a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study of inulin supplementation. RESULTS FMT alleviated hallmark features of COPD (inflammation, alveolar destruction, impaired lung function), gastrointestinal pathology and systemic immune changes. Protective effects were additive to smoking cessation, and transfer of CS-associated microbiota after antibiotic-induced microbiome depletion was sufficient to increase lung inflammation while suppressing colonic immunity in the absence of CS exposure. Disease features correlated with the relative abundance of Muribaculaceae, Desulfovibrionaceae and Lachnospiraceae family members. Proteomics and metabolomics identified downregulation of glucose and starch metabolism in CS-associated microbiota, and supplementation of mice or human patients with complex carbohydrates improved disease outcomes. CONCLUSION The gut microbiome contributes to COPD pathogenesis and can be targeted therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurtis F Budden
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs and Immune Health Research Program, The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Shakti D Shukla
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs and Immune Health Research Program, The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Kate L Bowerman
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Annalicia Vaughan
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- UQ Thoracic Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, QLD, Australia
| | - Shaan L Gellatly
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs and Immune Health Research Program, The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - David L A Wood
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nancy Lachner
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sobia Idrees
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Saima Firdous Rehman
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs and Immune Health Research Program, The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alen Faiz
- Respiratory Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vyoma K Patel
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chantal Donovan
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs and Immune Health Research Program, The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Charlotte A Alemao
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs and Immune Health Research Program, The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Sj Shen
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nadia Amorim
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rajib Majumder
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kanth S Vanka
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs and Immune Health Research Program, The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Jazz Mason
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs and Immune Health Research Program, The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Tatt Jhong Haw
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs and Immune Health Research Program, The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Bree Tillet
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael Fricker
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs and Immune Health Research Program, The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs and Immune Health Research Program, The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gabrielle T Belz
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Jay Horvat
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs and Immune Health Research Program, The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas Ashhurst
- Sydney Cytometry, Charles Perkins Centre, Centenary Institute and The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Caryn van Vreden
- Sydney Cytometry, Charles Perkins Centre, Centenary Institute and The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, Charles Perkins Centre and The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Helen McGuire
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, Charles Perkins Centre and The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, Charles Perkins Centre and The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas J C King
- Sydney Cytometry, Charles Perkins Centre, Centenary Institute and The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, Charles Perkins Centre and The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ben Crossett
- Sydney Mass Spectrometry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stuart J Cordwell
- Sydney Mass Spectrometry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre and The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lorenzo Bonaguro
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) and the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Elizabeth Mann
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Samuel C Forster
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases and Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew A Cooper
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Leopoldo N Segal
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sanjay H Chotirmall
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Translational Respiratory Research Laboratory, Singapore
| | - Peter Collins
- Mater Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Dietetics & Food Services, Mater Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Rayleen Bowman
- UQ Thoracic Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, QLD, Australia
| | - Kwun M Fong
- UQ Thoracic Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, QLD, Australia
| | - Ian A Yang
- UQ Thoracic Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, QLD, Australia
| | - Peter A B Wark
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs and Immune Health Research Program, The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul G Dennis
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Philip Hugenholtz
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs and Immune Health Research Program, The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Guy TV, Terry AM, McGuire HM, Shklovskaya E, Fazekas de St Groth B. MHCII restriction demonstrates B cells have very limited capacity to activate tumour-specific CD4 + T cells in vivo. Oncoimmunology 2023; 13:2290799. [PMID: 38125720 PMCID: PMC10730170 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2290799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been growing interest in the role of B cells in antitumour immunity and potential use in adoptive cellular therapies. To date, the success of such therapies is limited. The intrinsic capacity of B cells to specifically activate tumour-specific CD4+ T cells in vivo via TCR-dependent interactions remains poorly defined. We have developed an in vivo tumour model that utilizes MHCII I-E restriction which limits antigen presentation to tumour-specific CD4 T cells to either tumour-specific B cells or host myeloid antigen presenting cells (APCs) in lymphopenic RAG-/-mice. We have previously shown that these naive tumour-specific CD4+ T cells can successfully eradicate established tumours in this model when activated by host APCs. When naïve tumour-specific B cells are the only source of I-E+ APC, very limited proliferation of naïve CD4+ T cells is observed, whereas host I-E+ APCs are potent T cell activators. B cells pre-activated with an anti-CD40 agonistic antibody in vivo support increased T cell proliferation, although far less than host APCs. CD4+ T cells that have already differentiated to an effector/central memory phenotype proliferate more readily in response to naïve B cells, although still 100-fold less than in response to host APCs. This study demonstrates that even in a significantly lymphopenic environment, myeloid APCs are the dominant primary activators of tumour-specific T cells, in contrast to the very limited capacity of tumour-specific B cells. This suggests that future anti-tumour therapies that incorporate activated B cells should also include mechanisms that activate host APCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas V. Guy
- T cell Biology Program, Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Pillai Labratory, Ragon Institute of MGH, Harvard and MIT, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexandra M. Terry
- T cell Biology Program, Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Genmab, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Helen M. McGuire
- T cell Biology Program, Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elena Shklovskaya
- T cell Biology Program, Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- T cell Biology Program, Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Kott KA, Chan AS, Vernon ST, Hansen T, Kim T, de Dreu M, Gunasegaran B, Murphy AJ, Patrick E, Psaltis PJ, Grieve SM, Yang JY, Fazekas de St Groth B, McGuire HM, Figtree GA. Mass cytometry analysis reveals altered immune profiles in patients with coronary artery disease. Clin Transl Immunology 2023; 12:e1462. [PMID: 37927302 PMCID: PMC10621005 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The importance of inflammation in atherosclerosis is well accepted, but the role of the adaptive immune system is not yet fully understood. To further explore this, we assessed the circulating immune cell profile of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) to identify discriminatory features by mass cytometry. Methods Mass cytometry was performed on patient samples from the BioHEART-CT study, gated to detect 82 distinct cell subsets. CT coronary angiograms were analysed to categorise patients as having CAD (CAD+) or having normal coronary arteries (CAD-). Results The discovery cohort included 117 patients (mean age 61 ± 12 years, 49% female); 79 patients (68%) were CAD+. Mass cytometry identified changes in 15 T-cell subsets, with higher numbers of proliferating, highly differentiated and cytotoxic cells and decreases in naïve T cells. Five T-regulatory subsets were related to an age and gender-independent increase in the odds of CAD incidence when expressing CCR2 (OR 1.12), CCR4 (OR 1.08), CD38 and CD45RO (OR 1.13), HLA-DR (OR 1.06) and Ki67 (OR 1.22). Markers of proliferation and differentiation were also increased within B cells, while plasmacytoid dendritic cells were decreased. This combination of changes was assessed using SVM models in discovery and validation cohorts (area under the curve = 0.74 for both), confirming the robust nature of the immune signature detected. Conclusion We identified differences within immune subpopulations of CAD+ patients which are indicative of a systemic immune response to coronary atherosclerosis. This immune signature needs further study via incorporation into risk scoring tools for the precision diagnosis of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine A Kott
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular HealthKolling Institute of Medical ResearchSydneyNSWAustralia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore HospitalNorthern Sydney Local Health DistrictSydneyNSWAustralia
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Adam S Chan
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Stephen T Vernon
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular HealthKolling Institute of Medical ResearchSydneyNSWAustralia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore HospitalNorthern Sydney Local Health DistrictSydneyNSWAustralia
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Thomas Hansen
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular HealthKolling Institute of Medical ResearchSydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Taiyun Kim
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Macha de Dreu
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Bavani Gunasegaran
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | | | - Ellis Patrick
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | | | - Stuart M Grieve
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Department of RadiologyRoyal Prince Alfred HospitalSydneyNSWAustralia
- Imaging and Phenotyping Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Jean Y Yang
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems BiologyUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Helen M McGuire
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems BiologyUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Gemma A Figtree
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular HealthKolling Institute of Medical ResearchSydneyNSWAustralia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore HospitalNorthern Sydney Local Health DistrictSydneyNSWAustralia
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
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Rose CL, McGuire H, Graham K, Siegler J, de St Groth BF, Caillaud C, Edwards KM. Partial body cryotherapy exposure drives acute redistribution of circulating lymphocytes: preliminary findings. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:407-415. [PMID: 36348102 PMCID: PMC9894947 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-05058-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Partial body cryotherapy (PBC) is proposed to alleviate symptoms of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) by reducing associated inflammation. No studies have assessed acute PBC exposure on peripheral blood mononuclear cell mobilisation or compared these with cold water immersion (CWI), which may inform how PBC impacts inflammatory processes. This trial examined the impact of a single PBC exposure on circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells compared to CWI or a control. 26 males were randomised into either PBC (3 min at - 110 to - 140 °C), CWI (3 min at 9 °C), or control (3 min at 24 °C), with blood samples, heart rate, and blood pressure taken before and after exposure. Cytometric analysis determined that CD8+ T-cell populations were significantly elevated after treatments, with PBC increasing CD8+ T cells to a greater degree than either CWI or CON. Natural killer cell counts were also elevated after PBC, with the increase attributed specifically to the CD56loCD16+ cytotoxic subset. This provides the first evidence for the effect of PBC exposure on redistribution of immune cells. An increase in circulating leukocyte subsets such as CD8+ T cells and CD56loCD16+ natural killer cells suggests that PBC may induce a transient mobilisation of lymphocytes. PBC may thus enable a more efficient trafficking of these cells from the circulation to the site of initial cellular insult from exercise, potentially accelerating the process of cellular recovery. This provides novel evidence on the use of PBC as a recovery treatment and may also have applicability in other clinical settings involving the recovery of damaged skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catriona L. Rose
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney and School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of Sydney, Charles Perkins Centre, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Helen McGuire
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney and School of Medical Sciences, Discipline of Pathology and Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Kenneth Graham
- Applied Research Programme, New South Wales Institute of Sport, Sydney, Australia ,Sport and Exercise Science, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Jason Siegler
- Sport and Exercise Science, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney and School of Medical Sciences, Discipline of Pathology and Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Corinne Caillaud
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney and School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of Sydney, Charles Perkins Centre, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Kate M. Edwards
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney and School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of Sydney, Charles Perkins Centre, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
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Smith NJ, Maddahfar M, Gunasegaran B, McGuire HM, Fazekas de St Groth B. A High-Throughput Colorimetric Microplate Assay for Determination of Plasma Arginase Activity. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2620:273-286. [PMID: 37010770 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2942-0_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Arginase, an enzyme involved in the urea cycle, is gaining attention as a critical player in numerous chronic pathologies. Additionally, increased activity of this enzyme has been shown to correlate with poor prognosis in a range of cancers. Colorimetric assays that measure the conversion of arginine to ornithine have long been used to determine the activity of arginase. However, this analysis is hindered by a lack of standardization across protocols. Here, we describe in detail a novel revision of the Chinard's colorimetric assay used to determine arginase activity. Dilution series of patient plasma are plotted to form a logistic function, from which activity can be interpolated by comparison to an ornithine standard curve. Inclusion of patient dilution series rather than a single point increases the robustness of the assay. This high-throughput microplate assay analyzes 10 samples per plate to produce highly reproducible results.
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Rose CL, McGuire H, Graham K, Siegler J, de St Groth BF, Caillaud C, Edwards KM. Correction to: Partial body cryotherapy exposure drives acute redistribution of circulating lymphocytes: preliminary findings. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:417. [PMID: 36469124 PMCID: PMC9894954 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-05100-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catriona L. Rose
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XFaculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney and School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of Sydney, Charles Perkins Centre, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Helen McGuire
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XFaculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney and School of Medical Sciences, Discipline of Pathology and Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Kenneth Graham
- Applied Research Programme, New South Wales Institute of Sport, Sydney, Australia ,grid.1029.a0000 0000 9939 5719Sport and Exercise Science, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Jason Siegler
- grid.1029.a0000 0000 9939 5719Sport and Exercise Science, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XFaculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney and School of Medical Sciences, Discipline of Pathology and Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Corinne Caillaud
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XFaculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney and School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of Sydney, Charles Perkins Centre, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Kate M. Edwards
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XFaculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney and School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of Sydney, Charles Perkins Centre, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
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Bell KJ, Saad S, Tillett BJ, McGuire HM, Bordbar S, Yap YA, Nguyen LT, Wilkins MR, Corley S, Brodie S, Duong S, Wright CJ, Twigg S, de St Groth BF, Harrison LC, Mackay CR, Gurzov EN, Hamilton-Williams EE, Mariño E. Metabolite-based dietary supplementation in human type 1 diabetes is associated with microbiota and immune modulation. Microbiome 2022; 10:9. [PMID: 35045871 PMCID: PMC8772108 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01193-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by the gut microbiota have beneficial anti-inflammatory and gut homeostasis effects and prevent type 1 diabetes (T1D) in mice. Reduced SCFA production indicates a loss of beneficial bacteria, commonly associated with chronic autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, including T1D and type 2 diabetes. Here, we addressed whether a metabolite-based dietary supplement has an impact on humans with T1D. We conducted a single-arm pilot-and-feasibility trial with high-amylose maize-resistant starch modified with acetate and butyrate (HAMSAB) to assess safety, while monitoring changes in the gut microbiota in alignment with modulation of the immune system status. RESULTS HAMSAB supplement was administered for 6 weeks with follow-up at 12 weeks in adults with long-standing T1D. Increased concentrations of SCFA acetate, propionate, and butyrate in stools and plasma were in concert with a shift in the composition and function of the gut microbiota. While glucose control and insulin requirements did not change, subjects with the highest SCFA concentrations exhibited the best glycemic control. Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, and vitamin B7 production correlated with lower HbA1c and basal insulin requirements. Circulating B and T cells developed a more regulatory phenotype post-intervention. CONCLUSION Changes in gut microbiota composition, function, and immune profile following 6 weeks of HAMSAB supplementation were associated with increased SCFAs in stools and plasma. The persistence of these effects suggests that targeting dietary SCFAs may be a mechanism to alter immune profiles, promote immune tolerance, and improve glycemic control for the treatment of T1D. TRIAL REGISTRATION ACTRN12618001391268. Registered 20 August 2018, https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=375792 Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstine J Bell
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sonia Saad
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bree J Tillett
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia
| | - Helen M McGuire
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
- Discipline of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
| | - Sara Bordbar
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Yu Anne Yap
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Long T Nguyen
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marc R Wilkins
- Systems Biology Initiative, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Susan Corley
- Systems Biology Initiative, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Shannon Brodie
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
| | - Sussan Duong
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
| | - Courtney J Wright
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen Twigg
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
- Discipline of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
| | - Leonard C Harrison
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Charles R Mackay
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Esteban N Gurzov
- Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emma E Hamilton-Williams
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia.
| | - Eliana Mariño
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
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8
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O'Brien JA, McGuire HM, Shinko D, Fazekas de St Groth B, Russo MA, Bailey D, Santarelli DM, Wynne K, Austin PJ. T lymphocyte and monocyte subsets are dysregulated in type 1 diabetes patients with peripheral neuropathic pain. Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 15:100283. [PMID: 34589782 PMCID: PMC8474166 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathic pain is a common and devastating complication of type 1 diabetes, but the mechanism by which it develops and persists is yet to be fully elucidated. This study utilised high-dimensional suspension mass cytometry in a pilot cohort to investigate differences in peripheral blood immunophenotypes between type 1 diabetes patients with (n = 9) and without (n = 9) peripheral neuropathic pain. The abundance and activation of several leukocyte subsets were investigated with unsupervised clustering approaches FlowSOM and SPADE, as well as by manual gating. Major findings included a proportional increase in CD4+ central memory T cells and an absolute increase in classical monocytes, non-classical monocytes, and mature natural killer cells in type 1 diabetes patients with pain compared to those without pain. The expression of CD27, CD127, and CD39 was upregulated on select T cell populations, and the phosphorylated form of pro-inflammatory transcription factor MK2 was upregulated across most populations. These results provide evidence that distinct immunological signatures are associated with painful neuropathy in type 1 diabetes patients. Further research may link these changes to mechanisms by which pain in type 1 diabetes is initiated and maintained, paving the way for much needed targeted treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayden A. O'Brien
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, 94 Mallett St, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Helen M. McGuire
- Discipline of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Diana Shinko
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Cytometry, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Discipline of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Marc A. Russo
- Genesis Research Services, Broadmeadow, NSW, Australia
| | - Dominic Bailey
- Genesis Research Services, Broadmeadow, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Katie Wynne
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul J. Austin
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, 94 Mallett St, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
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9
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Maddahfar M, Wen S, Hosseinpour Mashkani SM, Zhang L, Shimoni O, Stenzel M, Zhou J, Fazekas de St Groth B, Jin D. Stable and Highly Efficient Antibody-Nanoparticles Conjugation. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:1146-1155. [PMID: 34011146 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Functional ligands and polymers have frequently been used to yield target-specific bio-nanoconjugates. Herein, we provide a systematic insight into the effect of the chain length of poly(oligo (ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate) (POEGMEA) containing polyethylene glycol on the colloidal stability and antibody-conjugation efficiency of nanoparticles. We employed Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) to design diblock copolymers composed of 7 monoacryloxyethyl phosphate (MAEP) units and 6, 13, 35, or 55 OEGMEA units. We find that when the POEGMEA chain is short, the polymer cannot effectively stabilize the nanoparticles, and when the POEGMEA chain is long, the nanoparticles cannot be efficiently conjugated to antibody. In other words, the majority of the carboxylic groups in larger POEGMEA chains are inaccessible to further chemical modification. We demonstrate that the polymer containing 13 OEGMEA units can effectively bind up to 64% of the antibody molecules, while the binding efficiency drops to 50% and 0% for the polymer containing 35 and 55 OEGMEA units. Moreover, flow cytometry assay statistically shows that about 9% of the coupled antibody retained its activity to recognize B220 biomarkers on the B cells. This work suggests a library of stabile, specific, and bioactive lanthanide-doped nanoconjugates for flow cytometry and mass cytometry application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Maddahfar
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia.,Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology and Discipline of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Shihui Wen
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Seyed Mostafa Hosseinpour Mashkani
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Chemistry/Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) University of New South Wales Kensington, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Olga Shimoni
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Martina Stenzel
- School of Chemistry/Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) University of New South Wales Kensington, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Jiajia Zhou
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology and Discipline of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices (IBMD), School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
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10
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Pooladvand P, Kim PS, Fazekas de St Groth B. The Role of Antigen-Competitive Dynamics in Regulating the Immune Response. Bull Math Biol 2021; 83:40. [PMID: 33730201 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-021-00867-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The clonal expansion of T cells during an infection is tightly regulated to ensure an appropriate immune response against invading pathogens. Although experiments have mapped the trajectory from expansion to contraction, the interplay between mechanisms that control this response is not fully understood. Based on experimental data, we propose a model in which the dynamics of CD4+ T cell expansion is controlled through the interactions between T cells and antigen-presenting cells, where T cell stimulation is proportional to antigen availability, and antigen availability is regulated through downregulation of antigen by T cells. This antigen-dependent-feedback mechanism operates alongside an intrinsic reduction in cell proliferation rate that may also be responsible for slowing expansion. Our model can successfully predict T cell recruitment rates into division, expansion, and clonal burst size per cell when initial precursors are varied or when T cells are introduced late into an ongoing immune response. Importantly, the findings demonstrate that a feedback mechanism between T cells and antigen-presenting cells, along with a reduction in cell proliferation rate, can explain the ability of the immune system to adapt its response to variations in initial conditions or changes that occur later in the response, ensuring a robust yet controlled line of defence against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pantea Pooladvand
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Peter S Kim
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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11
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Kott KA, Vernon ST, Hansen T, de Dreu M, Das SK, Powell J, Fazekas de St Groth B, Di Bartolo BA, McGuire HM, Figtree GA. Single-Cell Immune Profiling in Coronary Artery Disease: The Role of State-of-the-Art Immunophenotyping With Mass Cytometry in the Diagnosis of Atherosclerosis. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e017759. [PMID: 33251927 PMCID: PMC7955359 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.017759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease remains the leading cause of death globally and is a major burden to every health system in the world. There have been significant improvements in risk modification, treatments, and mortality; however, our ability to detect asymptomatic disease for early intervention remains limited. Recent discoveries regarding the inflammatory nature of atherosclerosis have prompted investigation into new methods of diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease. This article reviews some of the highlights of the important developments in cardioimmunology and summarizes the clinical evidence linking the immune system and atherosclerosis. It provides an overview of the major serological biomarkers that have been associated with atherosclerosis, noting the limitations of these markers attributable to low specificity, and then contrasts these serological markers with the circulating immune cell subtypes that have been found to be altered in coronary artery disease. This review then outlines the technique of mass cytometry and its ability to provide high-dimensional single-cell data and explores how this high-resolution quantification of specific immune cell subpopulations may assist in the diagnosis of early atherosclerosis in combination with other complimentary techniques such as single-cell RNA sequencing. We propose that this improved specificity has the potential to transform the detection of coronary artery disease in its early phases, facilitating targeted preventative approaches in the precision medicine era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine A Kott
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health Kolling Institute of Medical Research Sydney Australia.,Department of Cardiology Royal North Shore Hospital Northern Sydney Local Health District Sydney Australia.,School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney Australia
| | - Stephen T Vernon
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health Kolling Institute of Medical Research Sydney Australia.,Department of Cardiology Royal North Shore Hospital Northern Sydney Local Health District Sydney Australia.,School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney Australia
| | - Thomas Hansen
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health Kolling Institute of Medical Research Sydney Australia.,School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney Australia
| | - Macha de Dreu
- School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney Australia.,Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology Charles Perkins Centre University of Sydney Sydney Australia
| | - Souvik K Das
- Department of Cardiology Royal North Shore Hospital Northern Sydney Local Health District Sydney Australia
| | - Joseph Powell
- Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics Garvan Institute Sydney Australia.,UNSW Cellular Genomics Futures Institute University of New South Wales Sydney Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney Australia.,Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology Charles Perkins Centre University of Sydney Sydney Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre University of Sydney Sydney Australia
| | - Belinda A Di Bartolo
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health Kolling Institute of Medical Research Sydney Australia
| | - Helen M McGuire
- School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney Australia.,Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology Charles Perkins Centre University of Sydney Sydney Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre University of Sydney Sydney Australia
| | - Gemma A Figtree
- Cardiothoracic and Vascular Health Kolling Institute of Medical Research Sydney Australia.,Department of Cardiology Royal North Shore Hospital Northern Sydney Local Health District Sydney Australia.,School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre University of Sydney Sydney Australia
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12
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Johnson BZ, McAlister S, McGuire HM, Palanivelu V, Stevenson A, Richmond P, Palmer DJ, Metcalfe J, Prescott SL, Wood FM, Fazekas de St Groth B, Linden MD, Fear MW, Fear VS. Corrigendum: Pediatric Burn Survivors Have Long-Term Immune Dysfunction With Diminished Vaccine Response. Front Immunol 2020; 11:598646. [PMID: 33163008 PMCID: PMC7581988 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.598646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Blair Z Johnson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Sonia McAlister
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Helen M McGuire
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology and the Charles Perkins Centre, Discipline of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Andrew Stevenson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Peter Richmond
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Debra J Palmer
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Centre for Allergy and Immunology Research, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jessica Metcalfe
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Centre for Allergy and Immunology Research, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Susan L Prescott
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Centre for Allergy and Immunology Research, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Fiona M Wood
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Health WA, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology and the Charles Perkins Centre, Discipline of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew D Linden
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Mark W Fear
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Vanessa S Fear
- Genetic and Rare Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
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13
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Wang H, Kjer-Nielsen L, Shi M, D'Souza C, Pediongco TJ, Cao H, Kostenko L, Lim XY, Eckle SBG, Meehan BS, Zhu T, Wang B, Zhao Z, Mak JYW, Fairlie DP, Teng MWL, Rossjohn J, Yu D, de St Groth BF, Lovrecz G, Lu L, McCluskey J, Strugnell RA, Corbett AJ, Chen Z. IL-23 costimulates antigen-specific MAIT cell activation and enables vaccination against bacterial infection. Sci Immunol 2020; 4:4/41/eaaw0402. [PMID: 31732518 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aaw0402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are activated in a TCR-dependent manner by antigens derived from the riboflavin synthesis pathway, including 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6-d-ribitylaminouracil (5-OP-RU), bound to MHC-related protein-1 (MR1). However, MAIT cell activation in vivo has not been studied in detail. Here, we have found and characterized additional molecular signals required for optimal activation and expansion of MAIT cells after pulmonary Legionella or Salmonella infection in mice. We show that either bone marrow-derived APCs or non-bone marrow-derived cells can activate MAIT cells in vivo, depending on the pathogen. Optimal MAIT cell activation in vivo requires signaling through the inducible T cell costimulator (ICOS), which is highly expressed on MAIT cells. Subsequent expansion and maintenance of MAIT-17/1-type responses are dependent on IL-23. Vaccination with IL-23 plus 5-OP-RU augments MAIT cell-mediated control of pulmonary Legionella infection. These findings reveal cellular and molecular targets for manipulating MAIT cell function under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimeng Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Lars Kjer-Nielsen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Mai Shi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.,School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Criselle D'Souza
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Troi J Pediongco
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Hanwei Cao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Lyudmila Kostenko
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Xin Yi Lim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Sidonia B G Eckle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Bronwyn S Meehan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Tianyuan Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.,School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Y W Mak
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - David P Fairlie
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Michele W L Teng
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Infection and Immunity Program and the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.,Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Heath Park, CF14 4XN Wales, UK
| | - Di Yu
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Discipline of Pathology, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - George Lovrecz
- Biomedical Manufacturing, CSIRO, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Louis Lu
- Biomedical Manufacturing, CSIRO, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - James McCluskey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Richard A Strugnell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
| | - Alexandra J Corbett
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
| | - Zhenjun Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
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14
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Johnson BZ, McAlister S, McGuire HM, Palanivelu V, Stevenson A, Richmond P, Palmer DJ, Metcalfe J, Prescott SL, Wood FM, Fazekas de St Groth B, Linden MD, Fear MW, Fear VS. Pediatric Burn Survivors Have Long-Term Immune Dysfunction With Diminished Vaccine Response. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1481. [PMID: 32793203 PMCID: PMC7385079 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that survivors of acute burn trauma are at long-term increased risk of developing a range of morbidities. The mechanisms underlying this increased risk remain unknown. This study aimed to determine whether burn injury leads to sustained immune dysfunction that may underpin long-term morbidity. Plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from 36 pediatric burn survivors >3 years after a non-severe burn injury (<10% total body surface area) and from age/sex-matched non-injured controls. Circulating cytokine and vaccine antibody levels were assessed using multiplex immunoassays and cell profiles compared using a panel of 40 metal-conjugated antibodies and mass cytometry. TNF-α (1.31-fold change from controls), IL-2 (1.18-fold), IL-7 (1.63-fold), and IFN-γ (1.18-fold) were all significantly elevated in the burn cohort. Additionally, burn survivors demonstrated diminished antibody responses to the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccine antigens. Comparisons between groups using unsupervised clustering identified differences in proportions of clusters within T-cells, B-cells and myeloid cells. Manual gating confirmed increased memory T-regulatory and central memory CD4+ T-cells, with altered expression of T-cell, B-cell, and dendritic cell markers. Conclusions: This study demonstrates a lasting change to the immune profile of pediatric burn survivors, and highlights the need for further research into post-burn immune suppression and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blair Z Johnson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Sonia McAlister
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Helen M McGuire
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology and the Charles Perkins Centre, Discipline of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Andrew Stevenson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Peter Richmond
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Debra J Palmer
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Centre for Allergy and Immunology Research, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jessica Metcalfe
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Centre for Allergy and Immunology Research, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Susan L Prescott
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Centre for Allergy and Immunology Research, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Fiona M Wood
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Health WA, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology and the Charles Perkins Centre, Discipline of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew D Linden
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Mark W Fear
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Vanessa S Fear
- Genetic and Rare Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
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15
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McGuire HM, Rizzetto S, Withers BP, Clancy LE, Avdic S, Stern L, Patrick E, Fazekas de St Groth B, Slobedman B, Gottlieb DJ, Luciani F, Blyth E. Mass cytometry reveals immune signatures associated with cytomegalovirus (CMV) control in recipients of allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplant and CMV-specific T cells. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1149. [PMID: 32642063 PMCID: PMC7332355 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is known to have a significant impact on immune recovery post‐allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Adoptive therapy with donor‐derived or third‐party virus‐specific T cells (VST) can restore CMV immunity leading to clinical benefit in prevention and treatment of post‐HSCT infection. We developed a mass cytometry approach to study natural immune recovery post‐HSCT and assess the mechanisms underlying the clinical benefits observed in recipients of VST. Methods A mass cytometry panel of 38 antibodies was utilised for global immune assessment (72 canonical innate and adaptive immune subsets) in HSCT recipients undergoing natural post‐HSCT recovery (n = 13) and HSCT recipients who received third‐party donor‐derived CMV‐VST as salvage for unresponsive CMV reactivation (n = 8). Results Mass cytometry identified distinct immune signatures associated with CMV characterised by a predominance of innate cells (monocytes and NK) seen early and an adaptive signature with activated CD8+ T cells seen later. All CMV‐VST recipients had failed standard antiviral pharmacotherapy as a criterion for trial involvement; 5/8 had failed to develop the adaptive immune signature by study enrolment despite significant CMV antigen exposure. Of these, VST administration resulted in development of the adaptive signature in association with CMV control in three patients. Failure to respond to CMV‐VST in one patient was associated with persistent absence of the adaptive immune signature. Conclusion The clinical benefit of CMV‐VST may be mediated by the recovery of an adaptive immune signature characterised by activated CD8+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M McGuire
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia.,Discipline of Pathology Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Camperdown NSW Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Camperdown NSW Australia
| | - Simone Rizzetto
- Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia.,School of Medical Sciences University of New South Wales Kensington NSW Australia
| | - Barbara P Withers
- Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Camperdown NSW Australia.,St Vincent's Hospital Darlinghurst NSW Australia
| | - Leighton E Clancy
- Sydney Cellular Therapies Laboratory Westmead NSW Australia.,BMT and Cell Therapies Program Westmead Hospital Sydney NSW Australia.,Westmead Institute for Medical Research The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Selmir Avdic
- Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Camperdown NSW Australia.,Westmead Institute for Medical Research The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Lauren Stern
- Charles Perkins Centre The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Camperdown NSW Australia.,Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Camperdown NSW Australia
| | - Ellis Patrick
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia.,School of Mathematics and Statistics Faculty of Science The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia.,Discipline of Pathology Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Camperdown NSW Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Camperdown NSW Australia
| | - Barry Slobedman
- Charles Perkins Centre The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Camperdown NSW Australia.,Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Camperdown NSW Australia
| | - David J Gottlieb
- Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Camperdown NSW Australia.,BMT and Cell Therapies Program Westmead Hospital Sydney NSW Australia.,Westmead Institute for Medical Research The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Fabio Luciani
- Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia.,School of Medical Sciences University of New South Wales Kensington NSW Australia
| | - Emily Blyth
- Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Camperdown NSW Australia.,Sydney Cellular Therapies Laboratory Westmead NSW Australia.,BMT and Cell Therapies Program Westmead Hospital Sydney NSW Australia.,Westmead Institute for Medical Research The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
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16
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Larsen B, Cox A, Colbey C, Drew M, McGuire H, Fazekas de St Groth B, Hughes D, Vlahovich N, Waddington G, Burke L, Lundy B, West N, Minahan C. Inflammation and Oral Contraceptive Use in Female Athletes Before the Rio Olympic Games. Front Physiol 2020; 11:497. [PMID: 32523546 PMCID: PMC7261912 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the association between synthetic ovarian hormone use [i.e., the oral contraceptive (OC) pill] and basal C-reactive protein (CRP), peripheral blood immune cell subsets, and circulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine concentrations in elite female athletes. Elite female athletes (n = 53) selected in Rio Summer Olympic squads participated in this study; 25 were taking an OC (AthletesOC) and 28 were naturally hormonally cycling (AthletesNC). Venous blood samples were collected at rest for the determination of sex hormones, cortisol, CRP, peripheral blood mononuclear memory and naïve CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells and natural killer cells, as well as pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine concentrations. C-reactive protein concentrations were elevated (p < 0.001) in AthletesOC (median = 2.02, IQR = 3.15) compared to AthletesNC (median = 0.57, IQR = 1.07). No differences were reported for cortisol, cytokines, or PBMC immune cell subsets, although there was a trend (p = 0.062) for higher IL-6 concentrations in AthletesNC. Female Olympians had substantially higher CRP concentrations, a marker of inflammation and tissue damage, before the Rio Olympic Games if they used an OC. Future research should examine the potential consequences for athlete performance/recovery so that, if necessary, practitioners can implement prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Larsen
- Griffith Sports Physiology and Performance, School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,Queensland Academy of Sport, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - Amanda Cox
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Candice Colbey
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael Drew
- Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, Australia.,University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Helen McGuire
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - David Hughes
- Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | | | - Gordon Waddington
- University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Louise Burke
- Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Bronwen Lundy
- Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Nicholas West
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Clare Minahan
- Griffith Sports Physiology and Performance, School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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17
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Norton SE, Leman JKH, Khong T, Spencer A, Fazekas de St Groth B, McGuire HM, Kemp RA. Brick plots: an intuitive platform for visualizing multiparametric immunophenotyped cell clusters. BMC Bioinformatics 2020; 21:145. [PMID: 32293253 PMCID: PMC7158154 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-020-3469-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The advent of mass cytometry has dramatically increased the parameter limit for immunological analysis. New approaches to analysing high parameter cytometry data have been developed to ease analysis of these complex datasets. Many of these methods assign cells into population clusters based on protein expression similarity. RESULTS Here we introduce an additional method, termed Brick plots, to visualize these cluster phenotypes in a simplified and intuitive manner. The Brick plot method generates a two-dimensional barcode that displays the phenotype of each cluster in relation to the entire dataset. We show that Brick plots can be used to visualize complex mass cytometry data, both from fundamental research and clinical trials, as well as flow cytometry data. CONCLUSION Brick plots represent a new approach to visualize complex immunological data in an intuitive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel E Norton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Julia K H Leman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Tiffany Khong
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Alfred Hospital-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Malignant Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Spencer
- Myeloma Research Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Alfred Hospital-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Malignant Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, The University of Sydney and Centenary Institute, Sydney, Australia
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Helen M McGuire
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, The University of Sydney and Centenary Institute, Sydney, Australia.
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Roslyn A Kemp
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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18
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Pirozyan MR, McGuire HM, Emran AA, Tseng HY, Tiffen JC, Lee JH, Carlino MS, Menzies AM, Long GV, Scolyer RA, Fazekas de St Groth B, Hersey P. Pretreatment Innate Cell Populations and CD4 T Cells in Blood Are Associated With Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Melanoma Patients. Front Immunol 2020; 11:372. [PMID: 32210968 PMCID: PMC7076153 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of changes in T cells, referred to as T cell exhaustion, has been suggested as a cause of primary or acquired resistance to immunotherapy by immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). A limited number of studies, largely performed on tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), has provided evidence in support of this hypothesis, but whether similar changes occur in circulating blood lymphocytes has received little attention. In the present study, a comprehensive analysis of peripheral blood leukocytes from 42 patients taken over the course of treatment with anti-PD-1 was undertaken. The patients included those grouped as responders (who did not progress), primary non-responders (primary resistance) and those with acquired resistance (who initially responded then subsequently progressed). Analysis included surface markers of exhaustion, production of cytokines following in vitro stimulation, and assessment of transcription factor levels associated with T cell exhaustion. There were differences in innate cell populations between responders and non-responders at baseline and maintained throughout therapy. Frequencies of total and classical CD14+CD16- monocytes were higher and the major subset of NK cells (CD16hiCD56+) was significantly smaller in the primary resistance group compared with responders. However, differences in peripheral blood expression of exhaustion markers were not evident between the treatment groups. T cell exhaustion markers were expressed in practically all patients and the major observation was an increase in CD39 on CD4 T cells during treatment. The results confirm the association of Eomes transcription factor with T cell exhaustion but levels of expression and the ratio with T-bet over Eomes did not differ between the patient groups. Thus, peripheral blood expression of T cell exhaustion markers does not distinguish between responders and non-responders to anti-PD-1 therapy. CD4 T cell expression of IFNγ also differed in pre-treatment samples, indicating that predictors of response unrelated to exhaustion may be present in peripheral blood. The association of response with innate cell populations and CD4 T cell responses requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi R Pirozyan
- Melanoma Immunology and Oncology, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Helen M McGuire
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Abdullah Al Emran
- Melanoma Immunology and Oncology, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hsin-Yi Tseng
- Melanoma Immunology and Oncology, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessamy C Tiffen
- Melanoma Immunology and Oncology, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jenny H Lee
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matteo S Carlino
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Westmead and Blacktown Hospitals, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexander M Menzies
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Georgina V Long
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard A Scolyer
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,New South Wales Health Pathology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Hersey
- Melanoma Immunology and Oncology, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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19
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Fromm PD, Silveira PA, Hsu JL, Papadimitrious MS, Lo TH, Ju X, Kupresanin F, Romano A, Hsu WH, Bryant CE, Kong B, Abadir E, Mekkawy A, M McGuire H, Groth BFDS, Cunningham I, Newman E, Gibson J, Hogarth PM, Hart DNJ, Clark GJ. Distinguishing human peripheral blood CD16 + myeloid cells based on phenotypic characteristics. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 107:323-339. [PMID: 31749181 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5a1119-362rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid lineage cells present in human peripheral blood include dendritic cells (DC) and monocytes. The DC are identified phenotypically as HLA-DR+ cells that lack major cell surface lineage markers for T cells (CD3), B cells (CD19, CD20), NK cells (CD56), red blood cells (CD235a), hematopoietic stem cells (CD34), and Mo that express CD14. Both DC and Mo can be phenotypically divided into subsets. DC are divided into plasmacytoid DC, which are CD11c- , CD304+ , CD85g+ , and myeloid DC that are CD11c+ . The CD11c+ DC are readily classified as CD1c+ DC and CD141+ DC. Monocytes are broadly divided into the CD14+ CD16- (classical) and CD14dim CD16+ subsets (nonclassical). A population of myeloid-derived cells that have DC characteristics, that is, HLA-DR+ and lacking lineage markers including CD14, but express CD16 are generally clustered with CD14dim CD16+ monocytes. We used high-dimensional clustering analyses of fluorescence and mass cytometry data, to delineate CD14+ monocytes, CD14dim CD16+ monocytes (CD16+ Mo), and CD14- CD16+ DC (CD16+ DC). We sought to identify the functional and kinetic relationship of CD16+ DC to CD16+ Mo. We demonstrate that differentiation of CD16+ DC and CD16+ Mo during activation with IFNγ in vitro and as a result of an allo-hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) in vivo resulted in distinct populations. Recovery of blood CD16+ DC in both auto- and allo-(HCT) patients after myeloablative conditioning showed similar reconstitution and activation kinetics to CD16+ Mo. Finally, we show that expression of the cell surface markers CD300c, CCR5, and CLEC5a can distinguish the cell populations phenotypically paving the way for functional differentiation as new reagents become available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip D Fromm
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pablo A Silveira
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Hsu
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael S Papadimitrious
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tsun-Ho Lo
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xinsheng Ju
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fiona Kupresanin
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adelina Romano
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Wei-Hsun Hsu
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christian E Bryant
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Benjamin Kong
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Edward Abadir
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ahmed Mekkawy
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Helen M McGuire
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ilona Cunningham
- Department of Haematology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Newman
- Department of Haematology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John Gibson
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Derek N J Hart
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Georgina J Clark
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Haematology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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20
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Marsh-Wakefield F, Kruzins A, McGuire HM, Yang S, Bryant C, Fazekas de St Groth B, Nassif N, Byrne SN, Gibson J, Brown C, Larsen S, McCulloch D, Boyle R, Clark G, Joshua D, Ho PJ, Vuckovic S. Mass Cytometry Discovers Two Discrete Subsets of CD39 -Treg Which Discriminate MGUS From Multiple Myeloma. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1596. [PMID: 31428081 PMCID: PMC6688400 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple Myeloma (MM) is preceded by the clinically stable condition monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Critical immune events that discriminate MGUS from newly diagnosed MM (ND)MM patients remain unknown, but may involve changes in the regulatory T cell (Treg) compartment that favor myeloma growth. To address this possibility, we used mass cytometry and the unsupervised clustering algorithm Flow self-organizing map (FlowSOM) to interrogate the distribution of multiple subsets within CD25+CD127low/negTreg in matched bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) of MGUS and NDMM patients. Both mass cytometry and flow cytometry confirmed a trend toward prevalence of CD39-Treg within the Treg compartment in BM and PB of NDMM patients compared to CD39-Treg in MGUS patients. FlowSOM clustering displayed a phenotypic organization of Treg into 25 metaclusters that confirmed Treg heterogeneity. It identified two subsets which emerged within CD39-Treg of NDMM patients that were negligible or absent in CD39-Treg of MGUS patients. One subset was found in both BM and PB which phenotypically resembled activated Treg based on CD45RO, CD49d, and CD62L expression; another subset resembled BM-resident Treg based on its tissue-resident CD69+CD62L-CD49d- phenotype and restricted location within the BM. Both subsets co-expressed PD-1 and TIGIT, but PD-1 was expressed at higher levels on BM-resident Treg than on activated Treg. Within BM, both subsets had limited Perforin and Granzyme B production, whilst activated Treg in PB acquired high Perforin and Granzyme B production. In conclusion, the use of mass cytometry and FlowSOM clustering discovered two discrete subsets of CD39-Treg which are discordant in MGUS and NDMM patients and may be permissive of myeloma growth which warrants further study. Understanding the regulatory properties of these subsets may also advance MGUS and MM diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic implications for MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Marsh-Wakefield
- Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Annabel Kruzins
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Helen M McGuire
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shihong Yang
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Institute of Haematology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christian Bryant
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Institute of Haematology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Najah Nassif
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Scott N Byrne
- Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John Gibson
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Institute of Haematology, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christina Brown
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Institute of Haematology, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen Larsen
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Institute of Haematology, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Derek McCulloch
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Institute of Haematology, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard Boyle
- Orthopaedics Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Georgina Clark
- Concord Repatriation General Hospital, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Douglas Joshua
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Institute of Haematology, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Phoebe Joy Ho
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Institute of Haematology, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Slavica Vuckovic
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Institute of Haematology, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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21
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Cañete PF, Sweet RA, Gonzalez-Figueroa P, Papa I, Ohkura N, Bolton H, Roco JA, Cuenca M, Bassett KJ, Sayin I, Barry E, Lopez A, Canaday DH, Meyer-Hermann M, Doglioni C, Fazekas de St Groth B, Sakaguchi S, Cook MC, Vinuesa CG. Regulatory roles of IL-10-producing human follicular T cells. J Exp Med 2019; 216:1843-1856. [PMID: 31209070 PMCID: PMC6683995 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20190493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled IgE responses drive allergies and anaphylaxis. Here, Cañete et al. describe a human follicular regulatory T cell population that does not express FOXP3 and produces abundant IL-10, which limits IgE switching. These cells appear to be key regulators of atopy. Mucosal lymphoid tissues such as human tonsil are colonized by bacteria and exposed to ingested and inhaled antigens, requiring tight regulation of immune responses. Antibody responses are regulated by follicular helper T (TFH) cells and FOXP3+ follicular regulatory T (TFR) cells. Here we describe a subset of human tonsillar follicular T cells identified by expression of TFH markers and CD25 that are the main source of follicular T (TF) cell–derived IL-10. Despite lack of FOXP3 expression, CD25+ TF cells resemble T reg cells in high CTLA4 expression, low IL-2 production, and their ability to repress T cell proliferation. CD25+ TF cell–derived IL-10 dampens induction of B cell class-switching to IgE. In children, circulating total IgE titers were inversely correlated with the frequencies of tonsil CD25+ TF cells and IL-10–producing TF cells but not with total T reg cells, TFR, or IL-10–producing T cells. Thus, CD25+ TF cells emerge as a subset with unique T and B cell regulatory activities that may help prevent atopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo F Cañete
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease and Centre for Personalised Immunology, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Rebecca A Sweet
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease and Centre for Personalised Immunology, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Paula Gonzalez-Figueroa
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease and Centre for Personalised Immunology, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Ilenia Papa
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease and Centre for Personalised Immunology, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Naganari Ohkura
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, World Premier International Research Center Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Holly Bolton
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jonathan A Roco
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease and Centre for Personalised Immunology, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Marta Cuenca
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease and Centre for Personalised Immunology, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Katharine J Bassett
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease and Centre for Personalised Immunology, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Ismail Sayin
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Emma Barry
- Cytokine Receptor Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Angel Lopez
- Cytokine Receptor Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - David H Canaday
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Michael Meyer-Hermann
- Department of Systems Immunology and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Claudio Doglioni
- Department Pathology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shimon Sakaguchi
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, World Premier International Research Center Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Matthew C Cook
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease and Centre for Personalised Immunology, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia
| | - Carola G Vinuesa
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease and Centre for Personalised Immunology, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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22
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Russo MA, Fiore NT, van Vreden C, Bailey D, Santarelli DM, McGuire HM, Fazekas de St Groth B, Austin PJ. Correction to: Expansion and activation of distinct central memory T lymphocyte subsets in complex regional pain syndrome. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:70. [PMID: 30943989 PMCID: PMC6446317 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1470-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marc A Russo
- Hunter Pain Clinic, 91 Chatham Street, Broadmeadow, NSW, 2292, Australia.,Genesis Research Services, 220 Denison St, Broadmeadow, NSW, 2292, Australia
| | - Nathan T Fiore
- Discipline of Anatomy & Histology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Room E513, Anderson Stuart Building, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Caryn van Vreden
- Ramaciotti Centre for Human Systems Biology, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Sydney Cytometry, Centenary Institute and the Charles Perkins Centre, John Hopkins Drive, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Dominic Bailey
- Genesis Research Services, 220 Denison St, Broadmeadow, NSW, 2292, Australia
| | | | - Helen M McGuire
- Ramaciotti Centre for Human Systems Biology, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Ramaciotti Centre for Human Systems Biology, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Paul J Austin
- Discipline of Anatomy & Histology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Room E513, Anderson Stuart Building, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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23
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Russo MA, Fiore NT, van Vreden C, Bailey D, Santarelli DM, McGuire HM, Fazekas de St Groth B, Austin PJ. Expansion and activation of distinct central memory T lymphocyte subsets in complex regional pain syndrome. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:63. [PMID: 30885223 PMCID: PMC6423749 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1449-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a debilitating condition where trauma to a limb results in devastating persistent pain that is disproportionate to the initial injury. The pathophysiology of CRPS remains unknown; however, accumulating evidence suggests it is an immunoneurological disorder, especially in light of evidence of auto-antibodies in ~ 30% of patients. Despite this, a systematic assessment of all circulating leukocyte populations in CRPS has never been performed. Methods We characterised 14 participants as meeting the Budapest clinical criteria for CRPS and assessed their pain ratings and psychological state using a series of questionnaires. Next, we performed immunophenotyping on blood samples from the 14 CRPS participants as well as 14 healthy pain-free controls using mass cytometry. Using a panel of 38 phenotypic and activation markers, we characterised the numbers and intracellular activation status of all major leukocyte populations using manual gating strategies and unsupervised cluster analysis. Results We have shown expansion and activation of several distinct populations of central memory T lymphocytes in CRPS. The number of central memory CD8+ T cells was increased 2.15-fold; furthermore, this cell group had increased phosphorylation of NFkB and STAT1 compared to controls. Regarding central memory CD4+ T lymphocytes, the number of Th1 and Treg cells was increased 4.98-fold and 2.18-fold respectively, with increased phosphorylation of NFkB in both populations. We also found decreased numbers of CD1c+ myeloid dendritic cells, although with increased p38 phosphorylation. These changes could indicate dendritic cell tissue trafficking, as well as their involvement in lymphocyte activation. Conclusions These findings represent the first mass cytometry immunophenotyping study in any chronic pain state and provide preliminary evidence of an antigen-mediated T lymphocyte response in CRPS. In particular, the presence of increased numbers of long-lived central memory CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes with increased activation of pro-inflammatory signalling pathways may indicate ongoing inflammation and cellular damage in CRPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc A Russo
- Hunter Pain Clinic, 91 Chatham Street, Broadmeadow, NSW, 2292, Australia.,Genesis Research Services, 220 Denison St, Broadmeadow, NSW, 2292, Australia
| | - Nathan T Fiore
- Discipline of Anatomy & Histology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Room E513, Anderson Stuart Building, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Caryn van Vreden
- Ramaciotti Centre for Human Systems Biology, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Sydney Cytometry, Centenary Institute and the Charles Perkins Centre, John Hopkins Drive, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Dominic Bailey
- Genesis Research Services, 220 Denison St, Broadmeadow, NSW, 2292, Australia
| | | | - Helen M McGuire
- Ramaciotti Centre for Human Systems Biology, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Ramaciotti Centre for Human Systems Biology, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Paul J Austin
- Discipline of Anatomy & Histology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Room E513, Anderson Stuart Building, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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24
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Mulcahy EM, Cooley MA, McGuire H, Asad S, Fazekas de St Groth B, Beggs SA, Roddam LF. Widespread alterations in the peripheral blood innate immune cell profile in cystic fibrosis reflect lung pathology. Immunol Cell Biol 2019; 97:416-426. [PMID: 30633378 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations to the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. CFTR is known to be expressed on multiple immune cell subtypes, dendritic cells, monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes. We hypothesized that the lack of CFTR expression on peripheral blood innate immune cells would result in an altered cell profile in the periphery and that this profile would reflect lung pathology. We performed a flow cytometric phenotypic investigation of innate immune cell proportions in peripheral blood collected from 17 CF patients and 15 age-matched healthy controls. We observed significant differences between CF patients and controls in the relative proportions of natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes and their subsets, with significant correlations observed between proportions of NK and monocyte cell subsets and lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 sec, % predicted; FEV1% predicted) in CF patients. This study demonstrates the widespread nature of immune dysregulation in CF and provides a basis for identification of potential therapeutic targets. Modulation of the distinct CF-related immune cell phenotype identified could also be an important biomarker for evaluating CFTR-targeted drug efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Mulcahy
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.,Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | | | - Helen McGuire
- Centenary Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Pathology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Centenary Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Pathology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sean A Beggs
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.,Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Louise F Roddam
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
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25
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Fazekas de St Groth B, McGuire H, Choi C. Bringing Mass Cytometry Into The Clinic. Pathology 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2018.12.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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26
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Stern L, McGuire H, Avdic S, Rizzetto S, Fazekas de St Groth B, Luciani F, Slobedman B, Blyth E. Mass Cytometry for the Assessment of Immune Reconstitution After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1672. [PMID: 30093901 PMCID: PMC6070614 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass cytometry, or Cytometry by Time-Of-Flight, is a powerful new platform for high-dimensional single-cell analysis of the immune system. It enables the simultaneous measurement of over 40 markers on individual cells through the use of monoclonal antibodies conjugated to rare-earth heavy-metal isotopes. In contrast to the fluorochromes used in conventional flow cytometry, metal isotopes display minimal signal overlap when resolved by single-cell mass spectrometry. This review focuses on the potential of mass cytometry as a novel technology for studying immune reconstitution in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. Reconstitution of a healthy donor-derived immune system after HSCT involves the coordinated regeneration of innate and adaptive immune cell subsets in the recipient. Mass cytometry presents an opportunity to investigate immune reconstitution post-HSCT from a systems-level perspective, by allowing the phenotypic and functional features of multiple cell populations to be assessed simultaneously. This review explores the current knowledge of immune reconstitution in HSCT recipients and highlights recent mass cytometry studies contributing to the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Stern
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Helen McGuire
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Selmir Avdic
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fabio Luciani
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Barry Slobedman
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Emily Blyth
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Blood and Marrow Transplant Unit, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Cellular Therapies Laboratory, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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27
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Hsu JL, Bryant CE, Papadimitrious MS, Kong B, Gasiorowski RE, Orellana D, McGuire HM, Groth BFDS, Joshua DE, Ho PJ, Larsen S, Iland HJ, Gibson J, Clark GJ, Fromm PD, Hart DN. A blood dendritic cell vaccine for acute myeloid leukemia expands anti-tumor T cell responses at remission. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1419114. [PMID: 29632738 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1419114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Only modest advances in AML therapy have occurred in the past decade and relapse due to residual disease remains the major challenge. The potential of the immune system to address this is evident in the success of allogeneic transplantation, however this leads to considerable morbidity. Dendritic cell (DC) vaccination can generate leukemia-specific autologous immunity with little toxicity. Promising results have been achieved with vaccines developed in vitro from purified monocytes (Mo-DC). We now demonstrate that blood DC (BDC) have superior function to Mo-DC. Whilst BDC are reduced at diagnosis in AML, they recover following chemotherapy and allogeneic transplantation, can be purified using CMRF-56 antibody technology, and can stimulate functional T cell responses. While most AML patients in remission had a relatively normal T cell landscape, those who had received fludarabine as salvage therapy have persistent T cell abnormalities including reduced number, altered subset distribution, failure to expand, and increased activation-induced cell death. Furthermore, PD-1 and TIM-3 are increased on CD4T cells in AML patients in remission and their blockade enhances the expansion of leukemia-specific T cells. This confirms the feasibility of a BDC vaccine to consolidate remission in AML and suggests it should be tested in conjunction with checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Hsu
- Dendritic Cell Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christian E Bryant
- Dendritic Cell Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael S Papadimitrious
- Dendritic Cell Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Internal Medicine, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Benjamin Kong
- Dendritic Cell Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Internal Medicine, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robin E Gasiorowski
- Dendritic Cell Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel Orellana
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Helen M McGuire
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Melanoma Immunology and Oncology Unit, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Douglas E Joshua
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Internal Medicine, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - P Joy Ho
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Internal Medicine, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen Larsen
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Harry J Iland
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John Gibson
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Internal Medicine, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Georgina J Clark
- Dendritic Cell Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Internal Medicine, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Phillip D Fromm
- Dendritic Cell Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Internal Medicine, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Derek Nj Hart
- Dendritic Cell Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Internal Medicine, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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28
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Lomax AJ, McGuire HM, McNeil C, Choi CJ, Hersey P, Karikios D, Shannon K, van Hal S, Carr U, Crotty A, Gupta SK, Hollingsworth J, Kim H, Fazekas de St Groth B, McGill N. Immunotherapy-induced sarcoidosis in patients with melanoma treated with PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors: Case series and immunophenotypic analysis. Int J Rheum Dis 2017; 20:1277-1285. [PMID: 28480561 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease. This condition has a documented association with the diagnosis of melanoma and can be induced in melanoma patients receiving anti-neoplastic therapy. We evaluated a case series of melanoma patients who developed immunotherapy-induced sarcoidosis. METHODS Three patients with melanoma (n = 1 resected Stage III, n = 2 metastatic) treated with anti-programmed cell death (PD)-1 antibody therapy at two institutions developed biopsy-proven sarcoidosis. We used mass cytometry to determine expression of the relevant chemokine receptors (CR) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells for two of the three patients who developed sarcoidosis and 13 melanoma patients who did not. Blood samples were collected before receiving PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor therapy. RESULTS Immunophenotypic analysis demonstrated abnormally high numbers of circulating Th17.1 (CCR6+ CCR4- CXCR3+ CCR10- ) cells prior to commencing PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor therapy in five of 15 melanoma patients, including both the patients who developed sarcoidosis during the course of therapy. CONCLUSION Our findings support prior literature implicating Th17.1 cells in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. However, we demonstrate these findings in patients with melanoma prior to administration of checkpoint therapy and before the onset of clinically symptomatic sarcoidosis. The identification of elevated Th17.1 cells in melanoma patients who have not developed sarcoidosis may reflect the established association between melanoma and sarcoidosis. With some patients receiving these agents over a prolonged period, the clinical course of immunotherapy-induced sarcoidosis is uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna J Lomax
- Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Helen M McGuire
- University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Centenary Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Catriona McNeil
- Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Clara J Choi
- University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Centenary Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Hersey
- Centenary Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Deme Karikios
- Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Nepean Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kerwin Shannon
- Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sebastian van Hal
- University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Urszula Carr
- Kossard Dermatopathologists, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anne Crotty
- Pathology North - Hunter, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sandeep K Gupta
- John Hunter and Calvary Mater Hospitals, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jane Hollingsworth
- University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Haewon Kim
- University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Centenary Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Neil McGill
- University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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29
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Ju X, Silveira PA, Hsu WH, Elgundi Z, Alingcastre R, Verma ND, Fromm PD, Hsu JL, Bryant C, Li Z, Kupresanin F, Lo TH, Clarke C, Lee K, McGuire H, Fazekas de St Groth B, Larsen SR, Gibson J, Bradstock KF, Clark GJ, Hart DNJ. The Analysis of CD83 Expression on Human Immune Cells Identifies a Unique CD83+-Activated T Cell Population. J Immunol 2016; 197:4613-4625. [PMID: 27837105 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
CD83 is a member of the Ig gene superfamily, first identified in activated lymphocytes. Since then, CD83 has become an important marker for defining activated human dendritic cells (DC). Several potential CD83 mRNA isoforms have been described, including a soluble form detected in human serum, which may have an immunosuppressive function. To further understand the biology of CD83, we examined its expression in different human immune cell types before and after activation using a panel of mouse and human anti-human CD83 mAb. The mouse anti-human CD83 mAbs, HB15a and HB15e, and the human anti-human CD83 mAb, 3C12C, were selected to examine cytoplasmic and surface CD83 expression, based on their different binding characteristics. Glycosylation of CD83, the CD83 mRNA isoforms, and soluble CD83 released differed among blood DC, monocytes, and monocyte-derived DC, and other immune cell types. A small T cell population expressing surface CD83 was identified upon T cell stimulation and during allogeneic MLR. This subpopulation appeared specifically during viral Ag challenge. We did not observe human CD83 on unstimulated human natural regulatory T cells (Treg), in contrast to reports describing expression of CD83 on mouse Treg. CD83 expression was increased on CD4+, CD8+ T, and Treg cells in association with clinical acute graft-versus-host disease in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients. The differential expression and function of CD83 on human immune cells reveal potential new roles for this molecule as a target of therapeutic manipulation in transplantation, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinsheng Ju
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
| | - Pablo A Silveira
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Wei-Hsun Hsu
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Zehra Elgundi
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
| | - Renz Alingcastre
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
| | - Nirupama D Verma
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
| | - Phillip D Fromm
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Hsu
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
| | - Christian Bryant
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
| | - Ziduo Li
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Fiona Kupresanin
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
| | - Tsun-Ho Lo
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Candice Clarke
- Anatomical Pathology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia; and
| | - Kenneth Lee
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Anatomical Pathology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia; and
| | - Helen McGuire
- Centenary Institute, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
| | | | - Stephen R Larsen
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
| | - John Gibson
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
| | - Kenneth F Bradstock
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Georgina J Clark
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Derek N J Hart
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia;
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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Tong PL, West NP, Cox AJ, Gebski VJ, Watts AM, Dodds A, de St Groth BF, Cripps AW, Shumack S. Oral supplementation with bovine whey-derived Ig-rich fraction and lactoferrin improves SCORAD and DLQI in atopic dermatitis. J Dermatol Sci 2016; 85:143-146. [PMID: 28012820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip L Tong
- Centenary Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Dermatology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicholas P West
- Menzies Health Institute QLD and School of Medical Science, Griffith University, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Amanda J Cox
- Menzies Health Institute QLD and School of Medical Science, Griffith University, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Val J Gebski
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, NSW, 1450, Australia
| | - Annabelle M Watts
- Menzies Health Institute QLD and School of Medical Science, Griffith University, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Annabel Dodds
- Department of Dermatology, Northern Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Centenary Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Dermatology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Allan W Cripps
- Menzies Health Institute QLD and School of Medical Science, Griffith University, QLD 4215, Australia.
| | - Stephen Shumack
- Department of Dermatology, Northern Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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West NP, Horn PL, Pyne DB, Warren HS, Asad S, Cox AJ, Lahtinen SJ, Lehtinen MJ, Fricker PA, Cripps AW, Fazekas de St Groth B. Probiotic supplementation has little effect on peripheral blood regulatory T cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:1749-1752.e7. [PMID: 27554813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas P West
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
| | - Peggy L Horn
- Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, Australia
| | - David B Pyne
- Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, Australia
| | - Hilary S Warren
- Cancer Immunology Research Unit, the Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia
| | - Suzanne Asad
- Centenary Institute and the Discipline of Dermatology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Amanda J Cox
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Allan W Cripps
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
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Bolton HA, Zhu E, Terry AM, Guy TV, Koh WP, Tan SY, Power CA, Bertolino P, Lahl K, Sparwasser T, Shklovskaya E, Fazekas de St Groth B. Selective Treg reconstitution during lymphopenia normalizes DC costimulation and prevents graft-versus-host disease. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:3627-41. [PMID: 26301814 DOI: 10.1172/jci76031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been shown to enhance immune reconstitution and prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; however, it is unclear how Tregs mediate these effects. Here, we developed a model to examine the mechanism of Treg-dependent regulation of immune reconstitution. Lymphopenic mice were selectively reconstituted with Tregs prior to transfer of conventional CD4+ T cells. Full Treg reconstitution prevented the rapid oligoclonal proliferation that gives rise to pathogenic CD4 effector T cells, while preserving the slow homeostatic form of lymphopenia-induced peripheral expansion that repopulates a diverse peripheral T cell pool. Treg-mediated CTLA-4-dependent downregulation of CD80/CD86 on DCs was critical for inhibition of rapid proliferation and was a function of the Treg/DC ratio achieved by reconstitution. In an allogeneic BM transplant model, selective Treg reconstitution before T cell transfer also normalized DC costimulation and provided complete protection against GVHD. In contrast, cotransfer of Tregs was not protective. Our results indicate that achieving optimal recovery from lymphopenia should aim to improve early Treg reconstitution in order to increase the relative number of Tregs to DCs and thereby inhibit spontaneous oligoclonal T cell proliferation.
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Roediger B, Kyle R, Tay SS, Mitchell AJ, Bolton HA, Guy TV, Tan SY, Forbes-Blom E, Tong PL, Köller Y, Shklovskaya E, Iwashima M, McCoy KD, Le Gros G, Fazekas de St Groth B, Weninger W. IL-2 is a critical regulator of group 2 innate lymphoid cell function during pulmonary inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136:1653-1663.e7. [PMID: 26025126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of allergic lung diseases. However, the upstream signals that regulate ILC2 function during pulmonary inflammation remain poorly understood. ILC2s have been shown to respond to exogenous IL-2, but the importance of endogenous IL-2 in ILC2 function in vivo remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We sought to understand the role of IL-2 in the regulation of ILC2 function in the lung. METHODS We used histology, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, ELISA, and quantitative PCR with knockout and reporter mice to dissect pulmonary ILC2 function in vivo. We examined the role of ILC2s in eosinophilic crystalline pneumonia, an idiopathic type 2 inflammatory lung condition of mice, and the effect of IL-2 deficiency on this disease. We determined the effect of IL-2 administration on pulmonary ILC2 numbers and function in mice in the steady state and after challenge with IL-33. RESULTS We discovered an unexpected role for innate cell-derived IL-2 as a major cofactor of ILC2 function during pulmonary inflammation. Specifically, we found that IL-2 was essential for the development of eosinophilic crystalline pneumonia, a type 2 disease characterized by increased numbers of activated ILC2s. We show that IL-2 signaling serves 2 distinct functions in lung ILC2s, namely promoting cell survival/proliferation and serving as a cofactor for the production of type 2 cytokines. We further demonstrate that group 3 innate lymphoid cells are an innate immune source of IL-2 in the lung. CONCLUSION Innate cell-derived IL-2 is a critical cofactor in regulating ILC2 function in pulmonary type 2 pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Roediger
- Centenary Institute, Newtown, Australia; Discipline of Dermatology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Ryan Kyle
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Szun S Tay
- Centenary Institute, Newtown, Australia; Discipline of Dermatology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew J Mitchell
- Centenary Institute, Newtown, Australia; Discipline of Dermatology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Holly A Bolton
- Centenary Institute, Newtown, Australia; Discipline of Dermatology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Thomas V Guy
- Centenary Institute, Newtown, Australia; Discipline of Dermatology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sioh-Yang Tan
- Centenary Institute, Newtown, Australia; Discipline of Dermatology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Philip L Tong
- Centenary Institute, Newtown, Australia; Discipline of Dermatology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Dermatology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Yasmin Köller
- Maurice Müller Laboratories, Universitätsklinik für Viszerale Chirurgie und Medizin (UVCM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Elena Shklovskaya
- Centenary Institute, Newtown, Australia; Discipline of Dermatology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Makio Iwashima
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Ill; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Ill
| | - Kathy D McCoy
- Maurice Müller Laboratories, Universitätsklinik für Viszerale Chirurgie und Medizin (UVCM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Graham Le Gros
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand; Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Centenary Institute, Newtown, Australia; Discipline of Dermatology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Wolfgang Weninger
- Centenary Institute, Newtown, Australia; Discipline of Dermatology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Dermatology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia.
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Bolton HA, Roediger B, Groth BFDS. The effects of IL-2 and Treg cells on dendritic cell homeostasis are mediated indirectly via activation of conventional T cells. Eur J Immunol 2015; 45:1141-7. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201445229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Holly A. Bolton
- T Cell Biology Laboratory; Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology; Camperdown NSW Australia
- Discipline of Dermatology; Sydney Medical School; University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Ben Roediger
- Discipline of Dermatology; Sydney Medical School; University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
- Immune Imaging Laboratory; Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology; Camperdown NSW Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- T Cell Biology Laboratory; Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology; Camperdown NSW Australia
- Discipline of Dermatology; Sydney Medical School; University of Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
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35
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Roediger B, Kyle R, Yip KH, Sumaria N, Guy TV, Kim BS, Mitchell AJ, Tay SS, Jain R, Forbes-Blom E, Chen X, Tong PL, Bolton HA, Artis D, Paul WE, Fazekas de St Groth B, Grimbaldeston MA, Le Gros G, Weninger W. Cutaneous immunosurveillance and regulation of inflammation by group 2 innate lymphoid cells. Nat Immunol 2013; 14:564-73. [PMID: 23603794 DOI: 10.1038/ni.2584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 immunity is critical for defense against cutaneous infections but also underlies the development of allergic skin diseases. We report the identification in normal mouse dermis of an abundant, phenotypically unique group 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) subset that depended on interleukin 7 (IL-7) and constitutively produced IL-13. Intravital multiphoton microscopy showed that dermal ILC2 cells specifically interacted with mast cells, whose function was suppressed by IL-13. Treatment of mice deficient in recombination-activating gene 1 (Rag1(-/-)) with IL-2 resulted in the population expansion of activated, IL-5-producing dermal ILC2 cells, which led to spontaneous dermatitis characterized by eosinophil infiltrates and activated mast cells. Our data show that ILC2 cells have both pro- and anti-inflammatory properties and identify a previously unknown interactive pathway between two innate populations of cells of the immune system linked to type 2 immunity and allergic diseases.
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Abstract
The incidence of autoimmune, allergic and inflammatory disease is increasing due to as yet unidentified environmental factors related to western living conditions. Here, I propose that alterations in the gut microbiome, acting via regulatory T cells (Tregs), may be responsible for this epidemic. Tregs control the threshold for peripheral antigen recognition via tonic downregulation of dendritic cell (DC) costimulation, and are also implicated in maintaining the tolerogenic function of DCs. In this model, minor perturbations in Treg number or function are predicted to lower the activation threshold, allowing proliferation and differentiation of self-reactive CD4T cells of too low an affinity to have undergone negative selection in the thymus. Failure to maintain the tolerogenic commitment of DCs exposed to commensal microbes and allergens could result in potentially pathogenic, allergic and inflammatory responses at epithelial surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Discipline of Dermatology, University of Sydney, Newtown, New South Wales, Australia.
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37
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Tan SY, Cavanagh LL, d'Advigor W, Shackel N, Fazekas de St Groth B, Weninger W. Phenotype and functions of conventional dendritic cells are not compromised in aged mice. Immunol Cell Biol 2012; 90:722-32. [PMID: 22231652 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2011.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Aging has profound effects on the immune system, including thymic involution, reduced diversity of the T cell receptor repertoire, reduced effector T cell and B cell function and chronic increase of proinflammatory cytokine production by innate immune cells. The precise effects of aging on conventional dendritic cells (cDC), the main antigen presenting cells of the immune system, however, are not well understood. We found that in aged mice the number of cDC in the spleen and lymph nodes remained stable, whereas the number of cDC in the lungs increased with age. Whereas cDC in mice showed similar cycling kinetics in all organs tested, cDC reconstitution by aged bone marrow precursors was relatively higher than that of their young counterparts. With the exception of CD86, young and aged cDC did not differ in their expression of co-stimulatory molecules at steady state. Most toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands induced comparable upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules CD40, CD86 and B7H1 on young and aged cDC, whereas TLR2 and TLR5 stimulation resulted in reduced upregulation of CD80 and CD86 on aged cDC in vitro. In vivo, influenza infection-induced upregulation of CD86, but not other co-stimulatory molecules, was lower in aged DC. Young and aged DC were equally capable of direct and cross presentation of antigens in vitro. Transcriptome analysis did not reveal any significant difference between young and aged cDC. These data show that unlike T and B cells, the maintenance of cDC throughout the life of a healthy animal is relatively robust during the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sioh-Yang Tan
- Immune Imaging Program, The Centenary Institute for Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Newtown, New South Wales, Australia
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38
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Sumaria N, Roediger B, Ng LG, Qin J, Pinto R, Cavanagh LL, Shklovskaya E, Fazekas de St Groth B, Triccas JA, Weninger W. Cutaneous immunosurveillance by self-renewing dermal gammadelta T cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 208:505-18. [PMID: 21339323 PMCID: PMC3058585 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20101824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The dermis contains a novel population of γδT cells that are distinct from epidermal γδT cells and produce IL-17 in response to mycobacterial infection. The presence of γδ T cell receptor (TCR)–expressing cells in the epidermis of mice, termed dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs), is well established. Because of their strict epidermal localization, it is likely that DETCs primarily respond to epithelial stress, such as infections or the presence of transformed cells, whereas they may not participate directly in dermal immune responses. In this study, we describe a prominent population of resident dermal γδ T cells, which differ from DETCs in TCR usage, phenotype, and migratory behavior. Dermal γδ T cells are radioresistant, cycle in situ, and are partially depend on interleukin (IL)-7, but not IL-15, for their development and survival. During mycobacterial infection, dermal γδ T cells are the predominant dermal cells that produce IL-17. Absence of dermal γδ T cells is associated with decreased expansion in skin draining lymph nodes of CD4+ T cells specific for an immunodominant Mycobacterium tuberculosis epitope. Decreased CD4+ T cell expansion is related to a reduction in neutrophil recruitment to the skin and decreased BCG shuttling to draining lymph nodes. Thus, dermal γδ T cells are an important part of the resident cutaneous immunosurveillance program. Our data demonstrate functional specialization of T cells in distinct microcompartments of the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nital Sumaria
- The Centenary Institute, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia
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Abstract
Tregs are absolutely required for the maintenance of self tolerance in mouse and man. Major abnormalities in Treg number or function cause rare but fatal syndromes with autoimmune, allergic and inflammatory features. Whether subtle Treg abnormalities contribute to the pathogenesis of sporadic autoimmune, allergic and immunoinflammatory diseases in man remains controversial. Robust methods for identifying and isolating human Tregs in patients and healthy controls are essential if we are to understand their role in these increasingly common diseases. We have outlined below a flow cytometric technique to detect and isolate the entire human Treg population based on expression of CD4, CD25, and CD127. Use of a number of additional antibodies for defining subsets within the Treg compartment is described. For analysis, anti-Foxp3 can be added to the cocktail, but the necessity for fixation and permeabilisation may reduce the signal from other antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- T Cell Biology Research Program, Centenary Institute and Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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40
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Szea DMY, Brown RD, Yang S, Gibson J, Ho J, Fazekas de St Groth B, Basten A, Joshua DE. Prediction of High Affinity Class I-restricted Multiple Myeloma Idiotype Peptide Epitopes. Leuk Lymphoma 2010; 44:1557-68. [PMID: 14565660 DOI: 10.3109/10428190309178780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Idiotypic determinants are potential patient-specific tumor antigens in multiple myeloma (MM). In this study, we have determined the DNA sequence of the variable region of the tumor immunoglobulin (Ig) in 6 patients with MM. We then selected high affinity class I-restricted T-cell peptide epitopes in tumor Ig using two different internet-based epitope prediction programs. High affinity binding peptides were identified by at least one program in 4 out of 6 patients. Of these 35 peptides, only 3 scored high by both analyses. Given that all 6 patients had expanded T-cell clones with a cytotoxic (CD57+CD8+CD28-perforin+) phenotype, known to be associated with a longer survival and postulated to recognise tumor epitopes, this analysis indicates that such clones are unlikely to be exclusively directed towards tumor immuoglobulin, and suggests the need to expand the scope of the search for tumor epitopes with the ability to stimulate cytotoxic T cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Y Szea
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.
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41
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Santner-Nanan B, Peek MJ, Khanam R, Richarts L, Zhu E, Fazekas de St Groth B, Nanan R. Systemic increase in the ratio between Foxp3+ and IL-17-producing CD4+ T cells in healthy pregnancy but not in preeclampsia. J Immunol 2009; 183:7023-30. [PMID: 19915051 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 338] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in pregnancy. Although the etiology of preeclampsia is still unclear, it is believed to involve rejection of the fetus, possibly due to an imbalance between regulatory (Treg) and effector T cells. To test this, we compared the frequencies of circulating CD4(+) T cells expressing Foxp3, IFN-gamma, IL-10, or IL-17 at the end of the third trimester of healthy and preeclamptic pregnancies. The size of the Treg cell compartment, defined by the frequency of CD4(+)CD25(high), CD4(+)CD127(low)CD25(+), and CD4(+)Foxp3(+) cells was significantly higher in normal compared with preeclamptic pregnancies. CD4(+)CD25(high) and CD4(+)CD127(low)CD25(+) populations in preeclampsia were not significantly different from those in nonpregnant controls, whereas CD4(+)Foxp3(+) cells numbersre slightly lower in preeclampsia. The suppressive activity of ex vivo-sorted CD4(+)CD127(low)CD25(+) Treg cells was not significantly different between the three study groups. The percentage of CD4(+)IL-17-producing T cells decreased significantly in healthy compared with preeclamptic pregnancies and nonpregnant controls, whereas CD4(+)IL-10- and CD4(+)IFN-gamma-producing cells remained unchanged. Consequently, the ratio of Foxp3(+) Treg to IL-17-expressing CD4(+) T cells was significantly increased in healthy but not in preeclamptic pregnancies. Thus, preeclampsia is associated with the absence of normal systemic skewing away from IL-17 production toward Foxp3(+) expression. Finally, preeclamptic women had significantly higher levels of soluble endoglin, an inhibitor of TGF-beta receptor signaling, which may bias toward IL-17 production. These results suggest that homeostasis between regulatory and proinflammatory CD4(+) T cells might be pivotal for the semiallogeneic fetus to be tolerated within the maternal environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Santner-Nanan
- Discipline of , Nepean Clinical School, University of Sydney, Kingswood, New South Wales 2751, Australia
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Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant disease characterized by accumulation of morphologically recognizable plasma cells producing immunoglobulin (Ig) in the bone marrow. The occurrence of clonal T cells in MM, as defined by the presence of rearrangements in the T-cell receptor (TCR)-beta chains detected on Southern blotting, is associated with an improved prognosis. This review aims to describe the various ways in which we have demonstrated the presence of such T cell clones, and to describe the phenotype of these cells. Finally, the specificities of these clinically important CD8+ T cell populations will be discussed in the context of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Y Sze
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
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43
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Roediger B, Ng LG, Smith AL, Fazekas de St Groth B, Weninger W. Visualizing dendritic cell migration within the skin. Histochem Cell Biol 2008; 130:1131-46. [PMID: 18987873 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-008-0531-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2008] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) within the skin are a heterogeneous population of cells, including Langerhans cells of the epidermis and at least three subsets of dermal DCs. Collectively, these DCs play important roles in the initiation of adaptive immune responses following antigen challenge of the skin as well as being mediators of tolerance to self-antigen. A key functional aspect of cutaneous DCs is their migration both within the skin and into lymphatic vessels, resulting in their emigration to draining lymph nodes. Here, we discuss our current understanding of the requirements for successful DC migration in and from the skin, and introduce some of the microscopic techniques developed in our laboratory to facilitate a better understanding of this process. In particular, we detail our current use of multi-photon excitation (MPE) microscopy of murine skin to dissect the migratory behavior of DCs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Roediger
- The Centenary Institute for Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Newtown, NSW, Australia.
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44
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Shklovskaya E, Roediger B, Fazekas de St Groth B. Epidermal and dermal dendritic cells display differential activation and migratory behavior while sharing the ability to stimulate CD4+ T cell proliferation in vivo. J Immunol 2008; 181:418-30. [PMID: 18566408 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.1.418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Migrated Langerhans cells (m-LCs) have recently been shown to comprise only a minority of skin-derived dendritic cells (DCs) expressing Langerin in cutaneous lymph nodes. We have used BM chimeric mice that differ in CD45 and MHC class II alleles to unequivocally distinguish between radioresistant m-LCs and radiosensitive migrated dermal DCs (m-dDCs), to determine their phenotype, response to contact sensitization, and ability to activate naive CD4+ T cells in vivo. We have also characterized three subsets of dDCs and their migratory counterparts, as distinguished by expression of CD11b and Langerin. Each of the four subsets of skin DCs showed differential migration to draining LN in response to contact sensitizing agents. Migration of Langerin-CD11b+ and Langerin+CD11blow dDCs peaked after 1 day, followed by Langerin-CD11blow dDCs at 2 days and Langerin+ LCs at 4 days. Moreover, while m-LCs and m-dDCs had similar surface phenotypes in the steady state, they displayed unexpectedly different activation responses to contact sensitization: m-dDCs markedly up-regulated CD80 and CD86 at day 1, whereas only m-LCs up-regulated CD40, with delayed kinetics. Thus, m-dDCs are likely to be responsible for the initial response to skin immunization. However, when expression of cognate MHC class II was restricted to LCs and m-LCs, they were also capable of processing and presenting protein Ag to drive naive CD4 T cell proliferation in vivo. Thus, m-dDCs and m-LCs display distinct behavior in cutaneous lymph nodes while sharing the ability to interact specifically with T cells to control the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Shklovskaya
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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45
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Harris NL, Holloway J, Fitzharris P, McDonald M, Camberis M, Fazekas de St Groth B, Ronchese F, Le Gros G. Tissue localization and frequency of antigen-specific effector CD4 T cells determines the development of allergic airway inflammation. Immunol Cell Biol 2008; 83:490-7. [PMID: 16174098 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1711.2005.01357.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Previous activation of effector Th2 cells is central to the development of allergic inflammatory responses. We have observed that priming of allergen-specific Th2 cells in C57BL/6 or B10.A mice with allergen delivered via the i.p. or s.c. routes results in very different outcomes following subsequent airway exposure to the same allergen. Systemic allergen immunization (via the i.p. route) resulted in the formation of a lung-resident population of allergen-specific T cells, and mice developed severe allergic airway inflammation in response to inhaled allergen. The localization of cells to the lung did not require the presence of antigen at this site, but reflected a large pool of circulating activated allergen-specific T cells. In contrast, localized immunization (via the s.c. route) resulted in a small T-cell response restricted to the draining lymph node, and mice were not responsive to inhaled allergen. These data indicate that prior sensitization to an allergen alone was not sufficient for the induction of allergic inflammation; rather, responsiveness was largely determined by precursor frequency and tissue localization of the allergen-specific effector Th2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola L Harris
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington School of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.
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Basten A, Fazekas de St Groth B. Special regulatory T-cell review: T-cell dependent suppression revisited. Immunology 2008; 123:33-9. [PMID: 18154617 PMCID: PMC2433282 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2007.02772.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2007] [Revised: 10/31/2007] [Accepted: 11/01/2007] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of T-cell dependent regulation of immune responses has been a central tenet of immunological thinking since the delineation of the two cell system in the 1960s. Indeed T-cell dependent suppression was discovered before MHC restriction. When reviewing the data from the original wave of suppression, it is intriguing to reflect not just on the decline and fall of suppressor T cells in the 1980s, but on their equally dramatic return to respectability over the past decade. Hopefully their resurgence will be supported by solid mechanistic data that will underpin their central place in our current and future understanding of the immune system. Cannon to right of them, Cannon to left of them, Cannon in front of them Volley'd and thunder'd Storm'd at with shot and shell, Boldly they rode and well, Into the jaws of Death, Into the mouth of Hell, Rode the six hundred (suppressionists). (Adapted from The Charge of the Light Brigade, Alfred, Lord Tennyson)
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony Basten
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Triccas JA, Shklovskaya E, Spratt J, Ryan AA, Palendira U, Fazekas de St Groth B, Britton WJ. Effects of DNA- and Mycobacterium bovis BCG-based delivery of the Flt3 ligand on protective immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infect Immun 2007; 75:5368-75. [PMID: 17724075 PMCID: PMC2168302 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00322-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The control of intracellular pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis is dependent on the activation and maintenance of pathogen-reactive T cells. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the major antigen-presenting cells initiating antimycobacterial T-cell responses in vivo. To investigate if immunization strategies that aim to optimize DC function can improve protective immunity against virulent mycobacterial infection, we exploited the ability of the hematopoietic growth factor Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L) to expand the number of DCs in vivo. A DNA fusion of the genes encoding murine Flt3L and M. tuberculosis antigen 85B stimulated enhanced gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) release by T cells and provided better protection against virulent M. tuberculosis than DNA encoding the single components. Vaccination of mice with a recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG strain secreting Flt3L (BCG:Flt3L) led to early expansion of DCs compared to immunization with BCG alone, and this effect was associated with increased stimulation of BCG-reactive IFN-gamma-secreting T cells. BCG and BCG:Flt3L provided similar protective efficacies against low-dose aerosol M. tuberculosis; however, immunization of immunodeficient mice revealed that BCG:Flt3L was markedly less virulent than conventional BCG. These results demonstrate the potential of in vivo targeting of DCs to improve antimycobacterial vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Triccas
- Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunity Group, Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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Abstract
The interaction between dendritic cells and T cells is crucial for the regulation of immunological tolerance and immunity. Although our understanding of the mechanisms responsible for these phenomena has advanced significantly in recent years, we are still lacking a fully integrated model of how dendritic cell phenotype correlates with function, and how complex interactions with multiple dendritic and T cell subpopulations shape the course of the immune response in vivo. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge in the field, highlighting the areas where further investigation is likely to advance our understanding of this fundamental immunological interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Shklovskaya
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, University of Sydney, Australia
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Shklovskaya E, Fazekas de St Groth B. Severely Impaired Clonal Deletion of CD4+T Cells in Low-Dose Irradiated Mice: Role of T Cell Antigen Receptor and IL-7 Receptor Signals. J Immunol 2006; 177:8320-30. [PMID: 17142728 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.12.8320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Systemic administration of high doses of soluble Ag induces peripheral CD4+ T cell tolerance in unmanipulated hosts. To test whether tolerance is modified under conditions of transient lymphopenia, we tracked the response of 5C.C7 TCR-transgenic CD4+ T cells to i.v. moth cytochrome c peptide in mice that received low-dose gamma irradiation 10 days previously. This model was chosen because it does not support spontaneous lymphopenia-induced proliferation of 5C.C7 cells, allowing the study of Ag-specific responses without interference from simultaneous spontaneous proliferation. Clonal expansion in response to i.v. peptide was increased in irradiated mice, while clonal deletion was severely impaired in comparison with untreated animals. Amplified TCR triggering was observed in irradiated hosts, consistent with dendritic cell activation leading to enhanced Ag presentation. Failure of deletion was accompanied by persistent T cell activation and accumulation of Th1 effector cells. Up-regulated expression of IL-7R and the prosurvival protein Bcl-x(L) was associated with clonal persistence. Cells with memory and naive phenotypes were both represented within persistent clones, but no Th1 function could be demonstrated within the long-term memory population. Failure of clonal deletion in irradiated hosts represents a novel mechanism limiting TCR diversity in a lymphopenic environment and may contribute to subsequent autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Shklovskaya
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Newtown, New South Wales 2042, Australia
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