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Dupuis JP, Bioulac BH, Baufreton J. Long-term depression at distinct glutamatergic synapses in the basal ganglia. Rev Neurosci 2015; 25:741-54. [PMID: 25046307 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2014-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Long-term adaptations of synaptic transmission are believed to be the cellular basis of information storage in the brain. In particular, long-term depression of excitatory neurotransmission has been under intense investigation since convergent lines of evidence support a crucial role for this process in learning and memory. Within the basal ganglia, a network of subcortical nuclei forming a key part of the extrapyramidal motor system, plasticity at excitatory synapses is essential to the regulation of motor, cognitive, and reward functions. The striatum, the main gateway of the basal ganglia, receives convergent excitatory inputs from cortical areas and transmits information to the network output structures and is a major site of activity-dependent plasticity. Indeed, long-term depression at cortico-striatal synapses modulates the transfer of information to basal ganglia output structures and affects voluntary movement execution. Cortico-striatal plasticity is thus considered as a cellular substrate for adaptive motor control. Downstream in this network, the subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra nuclei also receive glutamatergic innervation from the cortex and the subthalamic nucleus, respectively. Although these connections have been less investigated, recent studies have started to unravel the molecular mechanisms that contribute to adjustments in the strength of cortico-subthalamic and subthalamo-nigral transmissions, revealing that adaptations at these synapses governing the output of the network could also contribute to motor planning and execution. Here, we review our current understanding of long-term depression mechanisms at basal ganglia glutamatergic synapses and emphasize the common and unique plastic features observed at successive levels of the network in healthy and pathological conditions.
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Ahmed MR, Berthet A, Bychkov E, Porras G, Li Q, Bioulac BH, Carl YT, Bloch B, Kook S, Aubert I, Dovero S, Doudnikoff E, Gurevich VV, Gurevich EV, Bezard E. Lentiviral overexpression of GRK6 alleviates L-dopa-induced dyskinesia in experimental Parkinson's disease. Sci Transl Med 2010; 2:28ra28. [PMID: 20410529 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3000664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is caused primarily by degeneration of brain dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the consequent deficit of dopamine in the striatum. Dopamine replacement therapy with the dopamine precursor l-dopa is the mainstay of current treatment. After several years, however, the patients develop l-dopa-induced dyskinesia, or abnormal involuntary movements, thought to be due to excessive signaling via dopamine receptors. G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) control desensitization of dopamine receptors. We found that dyskinesia is attenuated by lentivirus-mediated overexpression of GRK6 in the striatum in rodent and primate models of Parkinson's disease. Conversely, reduction of GRK6 concentration by microRNA delivered with lentiviral vector exacerbated dyskinesia in parkinsonian rats. GRK6 suppressed dyskinesia in monkeys without compromising the antiparkinsonian effects of l-dopa and even prolonged the antiparkinsonian effect of a lower dose of l-dopa. Our finding that increased availability of GRK6 ameliorates dyskinesia and increases duration of the antiparkinsonian action of l-dopa suggests a promising approach for controlling both dyskinesia and motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed R Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, 2200 Pierce Avenue, PRB422, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Berton O, Guigoni C, Li Q, Bioulac BH, Aubert I, Gross CE, DiLeone RJ, Nestler EJ, Bezard E. Striatal overexpression of DeltaJunD resets L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in a primate model of Parkinson disease. Biol Psychiatry 2009; 66:554-61. [PMID: 19481198 PMCID: PMC2825375 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2009] [Revised: 03/24/2009] [Accepted: 04/01/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Involuntary movements, or dyskinesia, represent a debilitating complication of dopamine replacement therapy for Parkinson disease (PD). The transcription factor DeltaFosB accumulates in the denervated striatum and dimerizes primarily with JunD upon repeated L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) administration. Previous studies in rodents have shown that striatal DeltaFosB levels accurately predict dyskinesia severity and indicate that this transcription factor may play a causal role in the dyskinesia sensitization process. METHODS We asked whether the correlation previously established in rodents extends to the best nonhuman primate model of PD, the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-lesioned macaque. We used western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to compare DeltaFosB protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels across two subpopulations of macaques with differential dyskinesia severity. Second, we tested the causal implication of DeltaFosB in this primate model. Serotype 2 adeno-associated virus (AAV2) vectors were used to overexpress, within the motor striatum, either DeltaFosB or DeltaJunD, a truncated variant of JunD lacking a transactivation domain and therefore acting as a dominant negative inhibitor of DeltaFosB. RESULTS A linear relationship was observed between endogenous striatal levels of DeltaFosB and the severity of dyskinesia in Parkinsonian macaques treated with L-DOPA. Viral overexpression of DeltaFosB did not alter dyskinesia severity in animals previously rendered dyskinetic, whereas the overexpression of DeltaJunD dramatically dropped the severity of this side effect of L-DOPA without altering the antiparkinsonian activity of the treatment. CONCLUSIONS These results establish a mechanism of dyskinesia induction and maintenance by L-DOPA and validate a strategy, with strong translational potential, to deprime the L-DOPA-treated brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Berton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Medical School, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-3403, USA.
| | - Céline Guigoni
- Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bordeaux Institute of Neuroscience, UMR 5227, Bordeaux, France
| | - Qin Li
- Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bordeaux Institute of Neuroscience, UMR 5227, Bordeaux, France
| | - Bernard H. Bioulac
- Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bordeaux Institute of Neuroscience, UMR 5227, Bordeaux, France
| | - Incarnation Aubert
- Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bordeaux Institute of Neuroscience, UMR 5227, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christian E. Gross
- Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bordeaux Institute of Neuroscience, UMR 5227, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ralph J. DiLeone
- Dept. Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA, Dept. Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Eric J. Nestler
- Dept. Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA, Fishberg Dept of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erwan Bezard
- Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Bordeaux Institute of Neuroscience, UMR 5227, Bordeaux, France, Institute of Lab Animal Sciences, China Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Gold SJ, Hoang CV, Potts BW, Porras G, Pioli E, Kim KW, Nadjar A, Qin C, LaHoste GJ, Li Q, Bioulac BH, Waugh JL, Gurevich E, Neve RL, Bezard E. RGS9-2 negatively modulates L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine-induced dyskinesia in experimental Parkinson's disease. J Neurosci 2007; 27:14338-48. [PMID: 18160641 PMCID: PMC6673430 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4223-07.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2007] [Accepted: 11/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic L-dopa treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) often leads to debilitating involuntary movements, termed L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID), mediated by dopamine (DA) receptors. RGS9-2 is a GTPase accelerating protein that inhibits DA D2 receptor-activated G proteins. Herein, we assess the functional role of RGS9-2 on LID. In monkeys, Western blot analysis of striatal extracts shows that RGS9-2 levels are not altered by MPTP-induced DA denervation and/or chronic L-dopa administration. In MPTP monkeys with LID, striatal RGS9-2 overexpression--achieved by viral vector injection into the striatum--diminishes the involuntary movement intensity without lessening the anti-parkinsonian effects of the D1/D2 receptor agonist L-dopa. In contrasts, in these animals, striatal RGS9-2 overexpression diminishes both the involuntary movement intensity and the anti-parkinsonian effects of the D2/D3 receptor agonist ropinirole. In unilaterally 6-OHDA-lesioned rats with LID, we show that the time course of viral vector-mediated striatal RGS9-2 overexpression parallels the time course of improvement of L-dopa-induced involuntary movements. We also find that unilateral 6-OHDA-lesioned RGS9-/- mice are more susceptible to L-dopa-induced involuntary movements than unilateral 6-OHDA-lesioned RGS9+/+ mice, albeit the rotational behavior--taken as an index of the anti-parkinsonian response--is similar between the two groups of mice. Together, these findings suggest that RGS9-2 plays a pivotal role in LID pathophysiology. However, the findings also suggest that increasing RGS9-2 expression and/or function in PD patients may only be a suitable therapeutic strategy to control involuntary movements induced by nonselective DA agonist such as L-dopa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Gold
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Chau V. Hoang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Bryan W. Potts
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Gregory Porras
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5227, Universite Victor Segalen-Bordeaux 2, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Elsa Pioli
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5227, Universite Victor Segalen-Bordeaux 2, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Ki Woo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Agnes Nadjar
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5227, Universite Victor Segalen-Bordeaux 2, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Chuan Qin
- Institute of Lab Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100021 Beijing, China
| | - Gerald J. LaHoste
- Department of Psychology, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana 70148
| | - Qin Li
- Institute of Lab Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100021 Beijing, China
| | - Bernard H. Bioulac
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5227, Universite Victor Segalen-Bordeaux 2, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jeffrey L. Waugh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Eugenia Gurevich
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, and
| | - Rachael L. Neve
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts 02478
| | - Erwan Bezard
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5227, Universite Victor Segalen-Bordeaux 2, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- Institute of Lab Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100021 Beijing, China
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Meissner W, Guigoni C, Cirilli L, Garret M, Bioulac BH, Gross CE, Bezard E, Benazzouz A. Impact of chronic subthalamic high-frequency stimulation on metabolic basal ganglia activity: a 2-deoxyglucose uptake and cytochrome oxidase mRNA study in a macaque model of Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurosci 2007; 25:1492-500. [PMID: 17425575 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05406.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms of action of high-frequency stimulation (HFS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) remain only partially understood. Hitherto, experimental studies have suggested that STN-HFS reduces the activity of STN neurons. However, some recent reports have challenged this view, showing that STN-HFS might also increase the activity of globus pallidus internalis (GPi) neurons that are under strong excitatory drive of the STN. In addition, most results emanate from studies applying acute STN-HFS, while parkinsonian patients receive chronic stimulation. Thus, the present study was designed to assess the effect of chronic (10 days) STN-HFS in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated nonhuman primate. For this purpose, 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) uptake, a measure of global synaptic activity, was assessed in the basal ganglia and the motor thalamus after chronic unilateral STN-HFS. Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) mRNA expression, a marker of efferent metabolic activity, was additionally assessed in the globus pallidus. Chronic STN-HFS (i) reversed abnormally decreased 2-DG uptake in the STN of parkinsonian nonhuman primates, (ii) reversed abnormally increased 2-DG accumulation in the GPi while COI mRNA expression was increased, suggesting global activation of GPi neurons, and (iii) reversed abnormally increased 2-DG uptake in the ventrolateral motor thalamus nucleus. The simultaneous decrease in 2-DG uptake and increase in COI mRNA expression are difficult to reconcile with the current model of basal ganglia function and suggest that the mechanisms by which STN-HFS exerts its clinical benefits are more complex than a simple reversal of abnormal activity in the STN and its targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassilios Meissner
- CNRS UMR 5227, Université Victor Segalen, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France.
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Aubert I, Guigoni C, Li Q, Dovero S, Bioulac BH, Gross CE, Crossman AR, Bloch B, Bezard E. Enhanced preproenkephalin-B-derived opioid transmission in striatum and subthalamic nucleus converges upon globus pallidus internalis in L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine-induced dyskinesia. Biol Psychiatry 2007; 61:836-44. [PMID: 16950226 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2005] [Revised: 05/24/2006] [Accepted: 06/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A role for enhanced opioid peptide transmission has been suggested in the genesis of levodopa-induced dyskinesia. However, basal ganglia nuclei other than the striatum have not been regarded as potential sources, and the opioid precursors have never been quantified simultaneously with the levels of opioid receptors at the peak of dyskinesia severity. METHODS The levels of messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding the opioid precursors preproenkephalin-A and preproenkephalin-B in the striatum and the subthalamic nucleus and the levels of mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors were measured within the basal ganglia of four groups of nonhuman primates killed at the peak of effect: normal, parkinsonian, parkinsonian chronically-treated with levodopa without exhibiting dyskinesia, and parkinsonian chronically-treated with levodopa showing overt dyskinesia. RESULTS Dyskinesia are associated with reduction in opioid receptor binding and specifically of kappa and mu receptor binding in the globus pallidus internalis (GPi), the main output structure of the basal ganglia. This decrease was correlated with enhancement of the expression of preproenkephalin-B mRNA but not that of preproenkephalin-A in the striatum and the subthalamic nucleus. CONCLUSIONS Abnormal transmission of preproenkephalin-B-derived opioid coming from the striatum and the subthalamic nucleus converges upon GPi at the peak of dose to induce levodopa-induced dyskinesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Incarnation Aubert
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5541, Bordeaux Cedex, France
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Abstract
Stereological counting of tyrosine-hydroxylase immunoreactive (TH-IR) neurons in the mesencephalon is a pivotal parameter in assessing the extent of lesioning in animal models of Parkinson's disease. We here show that the number of TH-IR neurons often appears abnormally decreased in healthy--commercially available--mice and rats, although both the number of Nissl-stained cells and the striatal dopaminergic innervation are unaffected. This potential bias in assessing extent of neurotoxin-induced lesion and subsequent protection by pharmacological manipulation prompts us to call for caution in setting up experimental designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Y Pioli
- Basal Gang, Laboratoire de Physiologie et Physiopathologie de la Signalisation Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 5543, Université Victor Segalen, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
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8
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Guigoni C, Li Q, Aubert I, Dovero S, Bioulac BH, Bloch B, Crossman AR, Gross CE, Bezard E. Involvement of sensorimotor, limbic, and associative basal ganglia domains in L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine-induced dyskinesia. J Neurosci 2005; 25:2102-7. [PMID: 15728850 PMCID: PMC6726068 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.5059-04.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyskinesia represents a debilitating complication of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) therapy for Parkinson's disease. Such motor manifestations are attributed to pathological activity in the motor parts of basal ganglia. However, because consistent funneling of information takes place between the sensorimotor, limbic, and associative basal ganglia domains, we hypothesized that nonmotor domains play a role in these manifestations. Here we report the changes in 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) accumulation in the sensorimotor, limbic, and associative domains of basal ganglia and thalamic nuclei of four groups of nonhuman primates: normal, parkinsonian, parkinsonian chronically treated with L-dopa without exhibiting dyskinesia, and parkinsonian chronically treated with L-dopa and exhibiting overt dyskinesia. Although nondyskinetic animals display a rather normalized metabolic activity, dyskinetic animals are distinguished by significant changes in 2-DG accumulation in limbic- and associative-related structures and not simply in sensorimotor-related ones, suggesting that dyskinesia is linked to a pathological processing of limbic and cognitive information. We propose that these metabolic changes reflect the underlying neural mechanisms of not simply motor dyskinesias but also affective, motivational, and cognitive disorders associated with long-term exposure to L-dopa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Guigoni
- Basal Gang, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5543, Université Victor Segalen-Bordeaux 2, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
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Guigoni C, Dovero S, Aubert I, Li Q, Bioulac BH, Bloch B, Gurevich EV, Gross CE, Bezard E. Levodopa-induced dyskinesia in MPTP-treated macaques is not dependent on the extent and pattern of nigrostrial lesioning. Eur J Neurosci 2005; 22:283-7. [PMID: 16029219 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04196.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The extent of nigrostriatal denervation is presumed to play a role in the genesis of levodopa-induced dyskinesia. Yet some parkinsonian patients who have been treated over a long period do not develop dyskinesia, raising the possibility that the pattern of denervation is as important as the extent of lesioning as a risk factor. Here we study the extent and pattern of nigrostriatal denervation in a homogeneous population of parkinsonian macaque monkeys chronically treated with levodopa. Based on the characteristics of the lesioning, non-dyskinetic animals could not be differentiated from those with dyskinesia. Indeed, the number of tyrosine-hydroxylase (TH)-immunopositive neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) binding and TH immunostaining, as well as the overall TH striatal content measured by Western blotting were identical. Moreover, the patterns of lesioning assessed by a detailed analysis of the TH- and DAT-immunopositive striatal fibers were comparable in all functional quadrants and at all rostro-caudal levels considered. These data indicate that neither the extent nor the pattern of nigrostriatal lesioning are sufficient to explain the occurrence of levodopa-induced dyskinesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Guigoni
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et Physiopathologie de la Signalization Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 5543, Universite victor Segalen-Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
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Guigoni C, Aubert I, Li Q, Gurevich VV, Benovic JL, Ferry S, Mach U, Stark H, Leriche L, Håkansson K, Bioulac BH, Gross CE, Sokoloff P, Fisone G, Gurevich EV, Bloch B, Bezard E. Pathogenesis of levodopa-induced dyskinesia: focus on D1 and D3 dopamine receptors. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2005; 11 Suppl 1:S25-9. [PMID: 15885624 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2004.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2004] [Revised: 11/20/2004] [Accepted: 11/20/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Involuntary movements, or dyskinesia, represent a debilitating complication of levodopa therapy for Parkinson's disease. Taking advantage of a monkey brain bank constituted to study the pathophysiology of levodopa-induced dyskinesia, we here report the changes affecting D1, D2 and D3 dopamine receptors within the striatum of four experimental groups of non-human primates: normal, parkinsonian, parkinsonian treated with levodopa without or with dyskinesia. We also report the possible role of arrestin and G protein-coupled receptor kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Guigoni
- Basal Gang, Laboratoire de Physiologie et Physiopathologie de la Signalisation Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 5543, Université Victor Segalen-Bordeaux 2, France
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Aubert I, Guigoni C, Håkansson K, Li Q, Dovero S, Barthe N, Bioulac BH, Gross CE, Fisone G, Bloch B, Bezard E. Increased D1 dopamine receptor signaling in levodopa-induced dyskinesia. Ann Neurol 2005; 57:17-26. [PMID: 15514976 DOI: 10.1002/ana.20296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Involuntary movements, or dyskinesia, represent a debilitating complication of levodopa therapy for Parkinson's disease. Although changes affecting D(1) and D(2) dopamine receptors have been studied in association with this condition, no causal relationship has yet been established. Taking advantage of a monkey brain bank constituted to study levodopa-induced dyskinesia, we report changes affecting D(1) and D(2) dopamine receptors within the striatum of normal, parkinsonian, nondyskinetic levodopa-treated parkinsonian, and dyskinetic levodopa-treated parkinsonian animals. Whereas D(1) receptor expression itself is not related to dyskinesia, D(1) sensitivity per D(1) receptor measured by D(1) agonist-induced [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding is linearly related to dyskinesia. Moreover, the striata of dyskinetic animals show higher levels of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) and of the dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of 32kDa (DARPP-32). Our data suggest that levodopa-induced dyskinesia results from increased dopamine D(1) receptor-mediated transmission at the level of the direct pathway.
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MESH Headings
- 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine/pharmacology
- 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine/pharmacology
- Analysis of Variance
- Animals
- Antiparkinson Agents/adverse effects
- Autoradiography/methods
- Behavior, Animal
- Blotting, Western/methods
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinases
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
- Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Interactions
- Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/etiology
- Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/metabolism
- Female
- Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/pharmacokinetics
- Immunohistochemistry/methods
- In Situ Hybridization/methods
- Isotopes/pharmacokinetics
- Levodopa/adverse effects
- Macaca fascicularis
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism
- Motor Activity/drug effects
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
- Nortropanes/pharmacokinetics
- Parkinsonian Disorders/drug therapy
- Parkinsonian Disorders/metabolism
- Parkinsonian Disorders/physiopathology
- Phosphoproteins/metabolism
- Radioligand Assay/methods
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/agonists
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Substantia Nigra/drug effects
- Substantia Nigra/metabolism
- Time Factors
- Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Incarnation Aubert
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unite Mixte de Recherche 5541, Bordeaux Cedex, France
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Pioli E, Sohr R, Meissner W, Barthe N, Gross CE, Bezard E, Bioulac BH. Partial bilateral mesencephalic lesions affect D1 but not D2 binding in both the striatum and cortex. Neurochem Int 2004; 45:995-1004. [PMID: 15337298 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2004.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2004] [Revised: 06/01/2004] [Accepted: 06/01/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are the two major mesencephalic dopaminergic systems. Mesencephalic dopamine denervation is followed by long-term modifications in striatum and cortex that preserve dopamine functions. Here, we have studied the impact of isolated bilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesioning of the SNc or the VTA on D(1) and D(2) dopamine receptor binding in striatal and cortical areas of rat. Neither SNc nor VTA bilateral partial lesioning changed D(2) binding at the striatal or cortical level. Intriguingly, only VTA lesioning increased D(1) binding in the cortex, whereas both bilateral partial lesioning of the SNc or the VTA increased striatal D(1) binding. This suggests that increased cortical D(1) binding could be an indicator of VTA lesioning. Further behavioural experiments may explain the pathophysiological meaning of increased cortical D(1) binding, and determine whether this observation is involved in compensatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Pioli
- Basal Gang, Laboratoire de Physiologie et Physiopathologie de la Signalisation Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 5543, Université Victor Segalen, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France.
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Abstract
Before extending the application of motor cortex stimulation it is important to investigate the intimate mechanisms by which it alleviates intractable pain and to consider possible side effects. Self-mutilation in animals following extensive neurectomy or posterior rhizotomy of a limb is thought to reveal severe dysesthesias in the deafferented zone suggesting its usefulness as an animal model of chronic pain in humans. We here show in deafferented nonhuman primates that the autotomy behavior immediately follows the surgery and disappears after 28 days. In keeping with the experience of Y. Lamarre, the simple but careful care of all wounds is sufficient to abolish this behavior. Our results do not exclude the possibility that the deafferentiation is still painful for the monkeys, but they definitely rule out that autotomy is a consistent response to deafferentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Y Pioli
- Basal Gang, Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, CNRS UMR, 5543, Université Victor Segalen, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
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