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van der Kemp WJM, Grinde MT, Malvik JO, van Laarhoven HWM, Prompers JJ, Klomp DWJ, Burgering B, Bathen TF, Moestue SA. Metabolic profiling of colorectal cancer organoids: A comparison between high-resolution magic angle spinning magnetic resonance spectroscopy and solution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of polar extracts. NMR Biomed 2023; 36:e4882. [PMID: 36451530 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Patient-derived cancer cells cultured in vitro are a cornerstone of cancer metabolism research. More recently, the introduction of organoids has provided the research community with a more versatile model system. Physiological structure and organization of the cell source tissue are maintained in organoids, representing a closer link to in vivo tumor models. High-resolution magic angle spinning magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HR MAS MRS) is a commonly applied analytical approach for metabolic profiling of intact tissue, but its use has not been reported for organoids. The aim of the current work was to compare the performance of HR MAS MRS and extraction-based nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in metabolic profiling of wild-type and tumor progression organoids (TPOs) from human colon cancer, and further to investigate how the sequentially increased genetic alterations of the TPOs affect the metabolic profile. Sixteen metabolites were reliably identified and quantified both in spectra based on NMR of extracts and HR MAS MRS of intact organoids. The metabolite concentrations from the two approaches were highly correlated (r = 0.94), and both approaches were able to capture the systematic changes in metabolic features introduced by the genetic alterations characteristic of colorectal cancer progression (e.g., increased levels of lactate and decreased levels of myo-inositol and phosphocholine with an increasing number of mutations). The current work highlights that HR MAS MRS is a well-suited method for metabolic profiling of intact organoids, with the additional benefit that the nondestructive nature of HR MAS enables subsequent recovery of the organoids for further analyses based on nucleic acids or proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wybe J M van der Kemp
- Division of Imaging and Oncology, University Medical Centre (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria T Grinde
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jon O Malvik
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hanneke W M van Laarhoven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanine J Prompers
- Division of Imaging and Oncology, University Medical Centre (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis W J Klomp
- Division of Imaging and Oncology, University Medical Centre (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Boudewijn Burgering
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Molecular Cancer Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tone Frost Bathen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Siver Andreas Moestue
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Pharmacy, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
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Wang M, Tang B, Huang H, Wu X, Deng H, Chen H, Mei L, Chen X, Burgering B, Lu C. Deciphering the mechanism of PSORI-CM02 in suppressing keratinocyte proliferation through the mTOR/HK2/glycolysis axis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1152347. [PMID: 37089953 PMCID: PMC10119413 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1152347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperplasia of epidermal keratinocytes that depend on glycolysis is a new hallmark of psoriasis pathogenesis. Our previous studies demonstrated that PSORI-CM02 could halt the pathological progression of psoriasis by targeting inflammatory response and angiogenesis, but its effect(s) and mechanism(s) on proliferating keratinocytes remained unclear. In this study, we aim to identify components of PSORI-CM02 that are absorbed into the blood and to determine the effect(s) of PSORI-CM02 on keratinocyte proliferation and its molecular mechanism(s). We used the immortalized human epidermal keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT, as an in vitro model of proliferating keratinocytes and the imiquimod-induced psoriasis mouse (IMQ) as an in vivo model. Metabolite profiles of vehicle pharmaceutic serum (VPS), PSORI-CM02 pharmaceutic serum (PPS), and water extraction (PWE) were compared, and 23 components of PSORI-CM02 were identified that were absorbed into the blood of mice. Both PPS and PWE inhibited the proliferation of HaCaT cells and consequently reduced the expression of the proliferation marker ki67. Additionally, PPS and PWE reduced phosphorylation levels of mTOR pathway kinases. Seahorse experiments demonstrated that PPS significantly inhibited glycolysis, glycolytic capacity, and mitochondrial respiration, thus reducing ATP production in HaCaT cells. Upon treatments of PPS or PWE, hexokinase 2 (HK2) expression was significantly decreased, as observed from the set of glycolytic genes we screened. Finally, in the IMQ model, we observed that treatment with PSORI-CM02 or BPTES, an inhibitor of mTOR signaling, reduced hyperproliferation of epidermal keratinocytes, inhibited the expression of p-S6 and reduced the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells in lesioned skin. Taken together, we demonstrate that PSORI-CM02 has an anti-proliferative effect on psoriatic keratinocytes, at least in part, by inhibiting the mTOR/HK2/glycolysis axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maojie Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
- Molecular Cancer Research, Center of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and the Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Tang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanjie Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
- Molecular Cancer Research, Center of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and the Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Deng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiming Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Liyan Mei
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiumin Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Boudewijn Burgering
- Molecular Cancer Research, Center of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and the Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Boudewijn Burgering, ; Chuanjian Lu,
| | - Chuanjian Lu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Boudewijn Burgering, ; Chuanjian Lu,
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3
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Putavet D, Baar M, Shi T, Lehmann J, Leyten T, Bouma E, Khalil A, Vos HJ, Burgering B, Dansen T, Derksen P, de Keizer P. Abstract P1-19-02: Repurposing the FOXO4 senolytic against triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p1-19-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related death in women. Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) has tan especially poor prognosis partly due to these tumors lacking relevant molecular targets. The most commonly mutated gene in TNBC is the tumor suppressor TP53. Mostly, p53 mutations give rise to stably expressed proteins with tumor promoting functions. Therefore, there is an urgent need for therapeutics that can target p53-mutated TNBCs. Here we show that an anti-senescence compound can target metastatic cancers. We found that, in TNBCs, mutant p53 attained a distinctive conformation that has novel oncogenic roles through binding to the transcription factor Forkhead box O (FOXO) 4 sequestered within promyelocytic leukemia (PML) foci. Since these nuclear structures are specific to senescent cells, we tested the senolytic FOXO4 peptide. In cytotoxicity experiments, we found this compound to target TNBCs specifically over other breast cancer subtypes. Most importantly, these compounds decrease metastatic burden in the most commonly-used mouse model for human breast cancer metastasis. In summary, our results demonstrate that mutant p53-driven cancers presented senescent cell-specific characteristics that makes them a great candidate for the FOXO4-directed anti-senescence therapy. We expect that creative repurposing of senolytics to translate to other types of cancer that are driven by mutant p53.
Citation Format: Diana Putavet, Marjolein Baar, Tao Shi, Johannes Lehmann, Tim Leyten, Esmee Bouma, Antoine Khalil, Harm-Jan Vos, Boudewijn Burgering, Tobias Dansen, Patrick Derksen, Peter de Keizer. Repurposing the FOXO4 senolytic against triple-negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-19-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Putavet
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Tao Shi
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Tim Leyten
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Esmee Bouma
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Harm-Jan Vos
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Tobias Dansen
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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4
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Wölfl B, te Rietmole H, Salvioli M, Kaznatcheev A, Thuijsman F, Brown JS, Burgering B, Staňková K. The Contribution of Evolutionary Game Theory to Understanding and Treating Cancer. Dyn Games Appl 2021; 12:313-342. [PMID: 35601872 PMCID: PMC9117378 DOI: 10.1007/s13235-021-00397-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Evolutionary game theory mathematically conceptualizes and analyzes biological interactions where one's fitness not only depends on one's own traits, but also on the traits of others. Typically, the individuals are not overtly rational and do not select, but rather inherit their traits. Cancer can be framed as such an evolutionary game, as it is composed of cells of heterogeneous types undergoing frequency-dependent selection. In this article, we first summarize existing works where evolutionary game theory has been employed in modeling cancer and improving its treatment. Some of these game-theoretic models suggest how one could anticipate and steer cancer's eco-evolutionary dynamics into states more desirable for the patient via evolutionary therapies. Such therapies offer great promise for increasing patient survival and decreasing drug toxicity, as demonstrated by some recent studies and clinical trials. We discuss clinical relevance of the existing game-theoretic models of cancer and its treatment, and opportunities for future applications. Moreover, we discuss the developments in cancer biology that are needed to better utilize the full potential of game-theoretic models. Ultimately, we demonstrate that viewing tumors with evolutionary game theory has medically useful implications that can inform and create a lockstep between empirical findings and mathematical modeling. We suggest that cancer progression is an evolutionary competition between different cell types and therefore needs to be viewed as an evolutionary game.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Wölfl
- Department of Mathematics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Graduate School of Population Genetics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hedy te Rietmole
- Department of Molecular Cancer Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Monica Salvioli
- Department of Mathematics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- Department of Data Science and Knowledge Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Artem Kaznatcheev
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
- Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Frank Thuijsman
- Department of Data Science and Knowledge Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joel S. Brown
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Boudewijn Burgering
- Department of Molecular Cancer Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- The Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kateřina Staňková
- Department of Data Science and Knowledge Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Engineering Systems and Services, Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
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5
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Tavares S, Liv N, Pasolli M, Opdam M, Ratze M, Saornil M, Sluimer L, Hengeveld R, van Es R, van Werkhoven E, Vos H, Rehmann H, Burgering B, Oosterkamp H, Lens S, Klumperman J, Linn S, Derksen P. Abstract LB203: FER regulates endosomal recycling and is a candidate predictor for taxane benefit in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2021-lb203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
To this day, targeted treatment options for patients with triple negative metastatic breast cancer (TNBC) are still virtually absent. Previously, we showed that elevated expression of the tyrosine kinase FER is an independent prognosticator that correlates with poor survival of high-grade and basal/TNBC patients. Here, we show that high FER levels are also associated with improved outcome after adjuvant taxane-based combination chemotherapy, in high-risk, HER2-negative patients. In TNBC cells, we observed a causal relation between high FER levels and sensitivity to taxanes. Our proteomics and mechanistic studies demonstrated that FER regulates endosomal recycling, a microtubule-dependent process that underpins breast cancer cell invasion. Using chemical genetics, we identified DCTN2 as a novel FER substrate. Our work indicates that the DCTN2 tyrosine 6 is essential for tubular recycling domains development in early endosomes and subsequent propagation of TNBC cell invasion in 3D. In conclusion, we show that high FER expression promotes endosomal recycling and represents a candidate predictive marker for benefit of adjuvant taxane-containing chemotherapy in high-risk patients, including TNBC patients.
Citation Format: Sandra Tavares, Nalan Liv, Milena Pasolli, Mark Opdam, Max Ratze, Manuel Saornil, Lilian Sluimer, Rutger Hengeveld, Robert van Es, Erik van Werkhoven, Harmjan Vos, Holger Rehmann, Boudewijn Burgering, Hendrika Oosterkamp, Susanne Lens, Judith Klumperman, Sabine Linn, Patrick Derksen. FER regulates endosomal recycling and is a candidate predictor for taxane benefit in breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr LB203.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mark Opdam
- 4Netherlands Cancer institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Holger Rehmann
- 6Flensburg University of Applied Sciences, Flensburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Sabine Linn
- 4Netherlands Cancer institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Zhang F, Kerbl-Knapp J, Rodriguez Colman MJ, Meinitzer A, Macher T, Vujić N, Fasching S, Jany-Luig E, Korbelius M, Kuentzel KB, Mack M, Akhmetshina A, Pirchheim A, Paar M, Rinner B, Hörl G, Steyrer E, Stelzl U, Burgering B, Eisenberg T, Pertschy B, Kratky D, Madl T. Global analysis of protein arginine methylation. Cell Rep Methods 2021; 1:100016. [PMID: 35475236 PMCID: PMC9017121 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2021.100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative information about the levels and dynamics of post-translational modifications (PTMs) is critical for an understanding of cellular functions. Protein arginine methylation (ArgMet) is an important subclass of PTMs and is involved in a plethora of (patho)physiological processes. However, because of the lack of methods for global analysis of ArgMet, the link between ArgMet levels, dynamics, and (patho)physiology remains largely unknown. We utilized the high sensitivity and robustness of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to develop a general method for the quantification of global protein ArgMet. Our NMR-based approach enables the detection of protein ArgMet in purified proteins, cells, organoids, and mouse tissues. We demonstrate that the process of ArgMet is a highly prevalent PTM and can be modulated by small-molecule inhibitors and metabolites and changes in cancer and during aging. Thus, our approach enables us to address a wide range of biological questions related to ArgMet in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangrong Zhang
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Jakob Kerbl-Knapp
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Maria J. Rodriguez Colman
- Oncode Institute and Department of Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Andreas Meinitzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Therese Macher
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Nemanja Vujić
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sandra Fasching
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Evelyne Jany-Luig
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Melanie Korbelius
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Katharina B. Kuentzel
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Maximilian Mack
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Alena Akhmetshina
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Anita Pirchheim
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Margret Paar
- Otto-Loewi Research Center, Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Beate Rinner
- Division of Biomedical Research, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Gerd Hörl
- Otto-Loewi Research Center, Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ernst Steyrer
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ulrich Stelzl
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Boudewijn Burgering
- Oncode Institute and Department of Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Tobias Eisenberg
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth – University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Brigitte Pertschy
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth – University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tobias Madl
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Wolthuis JC, Magnusdottir S, Pras-Raves M, Moshiri M, Jans JJM, Burgering B, van Mil S, de Ridder J. MetaboShiny: interactive analysis and metabolite annotation of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics data. Metabolomics 2020; 16:99. [PMID: 32915321 PMCID: PMC7497297 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01717-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Direct infusion untargeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics allows for rapid insight into a sample's metabolic activity. However, analysis is often complicated by the large array of detected m/z values and the difficulty to prioritize important m/z and simultaneously annotate their putative identities. To address this challenge, we developed MetaboShiny, a novel R/RShiny-based metabolomics package featuring data analysis, database- and formula-prediction-based annotation and visualization. To demonstrate this, we reproduce and further explore a MetaboLights metabolomics bioinformatics study on lung cancer patient urine samples. MetaboShiny enables rapid and rigorous analysis and interpretation of direct infusion untargeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna C. Wolthuis
- grid.7692.a0000000090126352Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, STR3.217, PO Box 85060, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
- grid.499559.dOncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefania Magnusdottir
- grid.7692.a0000000090126352Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, STR3.217, PO Box 85060, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mia Pras-Raves
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maryam Moshiri
- grid.7692.a0000000090126352Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, STR3.217, PO Box 85060, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Judith J. M. Jans
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Boudewijn Burgering
- grid.7692.a0000000090126352Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, STR3.217, PO Box 85060, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
- grid.499559.dOncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia van Mil
- grid.7692.a0000000090126352Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, STR3.217, PO Box 85060, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen de Ridder
- grid.7692.a0000000090126352Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, STR3.217, PO Box 85060, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
- grid.499559.dOncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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8
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Driehuis E, van Hoeck A, Moore K, Kolders S, Francies HE, Gulersonmez MC, Stigter ECA, Burgering B, Geurts V, Gracanin A, Bounova G, Morsink FH, Vries R, Boj S, van Es J, Offerhaus GJA, Kranenburg O, Garnett MJ, Wessels L, Cuppen E, Brosens LAA, Clevers H. Pancreatic cancer organoids recapitulate disease and allow personalized drug screening. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:26580-26590. [PMID: 31818951 PMCID: PMC6936689 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1911273116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the derivation of 30 patient-derived organoid lines (PDOs) from tumors arising in the pancreas and distal bile duct. PDOs recapitulate tumor histology and contain genetic alterations typical of pancreatic cancer. In vitro testing of a panel of 76 therapeutic agents revealed sensitivities currently not exploited in the clinic, and underscores the importance of personalized approaches for effective cancer treatment. The PRMT5 inhibitor EZP015556, shown to target MTAP (a gene commonly lost in pancreatic cancer)-negative tumors, was validated as such, but also appeared to constitute an effective therapy for a subset of MTAP-positive tumors. Taken together, the work presented here provides a platform to identify novel therapeutics to target pancreatic tumor cells using PDOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Else Driehuis
- Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Arne van Hoeck
- Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kat Moore
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sigrid Kolders
- Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - M. Can Gulersonmez
- Department of Molecular Cancer Research, Center Molecular Medicine, Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CM, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin C. A. Stigter
- Department of Molecular Cancer Research, Center Molecular Medicine, Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CM, The Netherlands
| | - Boudewijn Burgering
- Department of Molecular Cancer Research, Center Molecular Medicine, Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CM, The Netherlands
| | - Veerle Geurts
- Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Gracanin
- Hubrecht Organoid Technology, Utrecht 3584 CM, The Netherlands
| | - Gergana Bounova
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert H. Morsink
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CM, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Vries
- Hubrecht Organoid Technology, Utrecht 3584 CM, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia Boj
- Hubrecht Organoid Technology, Utrecht 3584 CM, The Netherlands
| | - Johan van Es
- Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - G. Johan A. Offerhaus
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CM, The Netherlands
| | - Onno Kranenburg
- Utrecht Platform for Organoid Technology, Utrecht Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CM, The Netherlands
| | | | - Lodewyk Wessels
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Cuppen
- Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Hartwig Medical Foundation, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Personalized Cancer Treatment,University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CM, The Netherlands
| | - Lodewijk A. A. Brosens
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CM, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Clevers
- Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Princess Maxima Center, Utrecht 3584 CS, The Netherlands
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9
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Coffer P, Russo L, Vastert B, Mokry M, Burgering B, Mocholi E. Aerobic glycolysis is essential to remodel the epigenetic landscape and initiate transcription during T cell activation. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.802.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bas Vastert
- Department of Pediatric ImmunologyUMC UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Michal Mokry
- Center for Molecular MedicineUMC UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
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10
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Robin MJD, Appelman MD, Vos HR, van Es RM, Paton JC, Paton AW, Burgering B, Fickert P, Heijmans J, van de Graaf SFJ. Calnexin Depletion by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress During Cholestasis Inhibits the Na +-Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide. Hepatol Commun 2018; 2:1550-1566. [PMID: 30556041 PMCID: PMC6287483 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholestasis‐induced accumulation of bile acids in the liver leads to farnesoid X receptor (FXR)‐mediated transcriptional down‐regulation of the bile acid importer Na+‐taurocholate cotransporting protein (NTCP) and to induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, whether ER stress affects bile acid uptake is largely unknown. Here, we investigated the role of ER stress on the regulation and function of the bile acid transporter NTCP. ER stress was induced using thapsigargin or subtilase cytotoxin in human osteosarcoma (U2OS) and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells stably expressing NTCP. Cellular bile acid uptake was determined using radiolabeled taurocholate (TCA). NTCP plasma membrane expression was determined by cell surface biotinylation. Mice received a single injection of thapsigargin, and effects of ER stress on NTCP messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein were measured by reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and western blot analysis. Effects of cholestasis on NTCP and ER stress were assessed in response to 3, 5‐diethoxycarbonyl‐1, 4‐dihydrocollidine (DDC) feeding or bile duct ligation in FXR–/– mice after 7 or 3 days, respectively. Novel NTCP‐interacting proteins were identified by mass spectrometry (MS), interaction verified, and assessed by co‐immunoprecipitation and TCA uptake for functional relevance in relation to ER stress. ER stress induction strongly reduced NTCP protein expression, plasma membrane abundance, and NTCP‐mediated bile acid uptake. This was not controlled by FXR or through a single unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway but mainly depended on the interaction of NTCP with calnexin, an ER chaperone. In mice, expression of both NTCP and calnexin was reduced by thapsigargin or cholestasis‐induced ER stress. Calnexin down‐regulation in vitro recapitulated the effect of ER stress on NTCP. Conclusion: ER stress‐induced down‐regulation of calnexin provides an additional mechanism to dampen NTCP‐mediated bile acid uptake and protect hepatocytes against bile acid overload during cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion J D Robin
- Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Monique D Appelman
- Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Harmjan R Vos
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Molecular Cancer Research Section University Medical Center Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Robert M van Es
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Molecular Cancer Research Section University Medical Center Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - James C Paton
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia
| | - Adrienne W Paton
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia
| | - Boudewijn Burgering
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Molecular Cancer Research Section University Medical Center Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Peter Fickert
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine Medical University of Graz Graz Austria
| | - Jarom Heijmans
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Stan F J van de Graaf
- Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism Amsterdam the Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism Amsterdam the Netherlands
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11
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van Ooijen H, Hornsveld M, Dam-de Veen C, Velter R, Dou M, Verhaegh W, Burgering B, van de Stolpe A. Assessment of Functional Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Pathway Activity in Cancer Tissue Using Forkhead Box-O Target Gene Expression in a Knowledge-Based Computational Model. Am J Pathol 2018; 188:1956-1972. [PMID: 30030980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is commonly activated in cancer. Tumors are potentially sensitive to PI3K pathway inhibitors, but reliable diagnostic tests that assess functional PI3K activity are lacking. Because PI3K pathway activity negatively regulates forkhead box-O (FOXO) transcription factor activity, FOXO target gene expression is inversely correlated with PI3K activity. A knowledge-based Bayesian computational model was developed to infer PI3K activity in cancer tissue samples from FOXO target gene mRNA levels and validated in cancer cell lines treated with PI3K inhibitors. However, applied to patient tissue samples, FOXO was often active in cancer types with expected active PI3K. SOD2 was differentially expressed between FOXO-active healthy and cancer tissue samples, indicating that cancer-associated cellular oxidative stress alternatively activated FOXO. To enable correct interpretation of active FOXO in cancer tissue, threshold levels for normal SOD2 expression in healthy tissue were defined above which FOXO activity is oxidative stress induced and below which PI3K regulated. In slow-growing luminal A breast cancer and low Gleason score prostate cancer, FOXO was active in a PI3K-regulated manner, indicating inactive PI3K. In aggressive luminal B, HER2, and basal breast cancer, FOXO was increasingly inactive or actively induced by oxidative stress, indicating PI3K activity. We provide a decision tree that facilitates functional PI3K pathway activity assessment in tissue samples from patients with cancer for therapy response prediction and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rick Velter
- Philips Research, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Meng Dou
- Philips Research, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
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12
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Hubers LM, Vos H, Schuurman AR, Erken R, Oude Elferink RP, Burgering B, van de Graaf SFJ, Beuers U. Annexin A11 is targeted by IgG4 and IgG1 autoantibodies in IgG4-related disease. Gut 2018; 67:728-735. [PMID: 28765476 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a multiorgan immune-mediated disease that predominantly affects the biliary tract (IgG4-associated cholangitis, IAC) and pancreas (autoimmune pancreatitis, AIP). We recently identified highly expanded IgG4+ B-cell receptor clones in blood and affected tissues of patients with IAC/AIP suggestive of specific (auto)antigenic stimuli involved in initiating and/or maintaining the inflammatory response. This study aimed to identify (auto)antigen(s) that are responsible for the clonal expansion of IgG4+ B cells in IgG4-RD. DESIGN We screened sera of patients with IAC/AIP (n=50), in comparison to control sera of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and pancreatobiliary malignancies (n=47), for reactivity against human H69 cholangiocyte lysates on immunoblot. Subsequently, target antigens were immunoprecipitated and analysed by mass spectrometry. RESULTS Prominent reactivity against a 56 kDa protein was detected in human H69 cholangiocyte lysates exposed to sera of nine patients with IAC/AIP. Affinity purification and mass spectrometry analysis identified annexin A11, a calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein. Annexin A11-specific IgG4 and IgG1 antibodies were only detected in serum of patients with IgG4-RD of the biliary tract/pancreas/salivary glands and not in disease mimickers with PSC and pancreatobiliary malignancies. Epitope analysis showed that two annexin A11 epitopes targeted by IgG1 and IgG4 autoantibodies were shared between patients with IAC/AIP and IgG4 antibodies blocked binding of IgG1 antibodies to the shared annexin A11 epitopes. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that IgG1-mediated pro-inflammatory autoreactivity against annexin A11 in patients with IgG4-RD may be attenuated by formation of annexin A11-specific IgG4 antibodies supporting an anti-inflammatory role of IgG4 in IgG4-RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lowiek M Hubers
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harmjan Vos
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Molecular Cancer Research Section, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alex R Schuurman
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robin Erken
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald P Oude Elferink
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Boudewijn Burgering
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Molecular Cancer Research Section, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stan F J van de Graaf
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich Beuers
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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13
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Verhaegh W, van Ooijen H, Hornsveld M, Dam C, Eijkelenboom A, Dou M, Velter R, Burgering B, van de Stolpe A. Abstract P2-09-34: An mRNA-based method to measure PI3K activity in cancer tissue using a computational pathway model to assess FOXO transcriptional activity. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p2-09-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The PI3K signaling pathway is frequently active in breast cancer, and therapeutic inhibitors have been developed. However, it has proven difficult to correctly predict treatment response. We developed a method that measures functional activity of the PI3K pathway using a computational model that infers transcriptional FOXO activity (downstream of PI3K) from expression levels of its target genes. In principle, PI3K pathway activity inhibits transcriptional FOXO activity, hence inactive FOXO is indicative of active PI3K.
Method
We developed a knowledge-based computational model to infer transcriptional FOXO activity from cancer tissue mRNA expression levels, using a Bayesian network approach (Verhaegh et al., Cancer Res 2014). Model calibration was done on microarray data from HUVEC cells with inducible FOXO3.A3-ER (GSE16573).
Results
The FOXO model was biologically validated with in-house microarray data from independent breast cancer cell lines. ER positive, PIK3CAE545K mutant MCF7 and triple negative MDA-MB-231 cells were stably transduced with a doxycycline inducible FOXO3.A3 expression vector, allowing controlled induction of FOXO3 protein activity. FOXO activity was determined to be low in untreated and 20% FBS treated MCF7 cells, and high after doxycycline, LY294002, and combination treatment.
Next, we tested our FOXO model on independent MCF7, BT-20 and MDA-MB-453 cell line data treated with EGFR inhibitor erlotinib (GSE30516), showing an increase of FOXO activity upon treatment, due to reduced PI3K pathway activity (combined Wilcox rank sum test p = 7.8x10−5).
We further analyzed independent publicly available data from breast cancer patients. FOXO was generally active in healthy breast tissue. Compared to healthy breast tissue, FOXO activity was higher in normal-like and luminal A breast cancer samples (p = 1.9x10−6 and 0.025, resp.), and lower in luminal B samples (p = 4.2x10−7).
In addition to the above mechanism for regulating FOXO activity, literature suggests that FOXO can also be activated by cellular oxidative stress, which is often associated with PI3K signaling. This may be assessed using expression levels of the FOXO target gene SOD2, which is differentially expressed between the two FOXO activity modes, and whose function is to reduce oxidative stress. Public data shows an increasing percentage of elevated SOD2 levels among FOXO-active samples with increasing breast cancer aggressiveness: 7% in normal-like, 5% in luminal A, 18% in luminal B, 31% in HER2-enriched and 74% in basal like breast cancer.
Conclusion
Our computational model to measure PI3K activity using FOXO target gene mRNA levels was able to measure increased FOXO activity in multiple cancer cell lines after PI3K inhibition. FOXO activity was measured high in healthy breast tissue and in normal-like and luminal A breast cancer, and lower in luminal B, indicating PI3K activity in the latter group. In more aggressive subtypes, FOXO activity was increasingly accompanied by high SOD2 expression, suggesting oxidative stress with associated PI3K activity as the FOXO activating mechanism.
Clinical utility for improved response prediction and monitoring of PI3K pathway inhibitors is being investigated with clinical partners.
Citation Format: Verhaegh W, van Ooijen H, Hornsveld M, Dam C, Eijkelenboom A, Dou M, Velter R, Burgering B, van de Stolpe A. An mRNA-based method to measure PI3K activity in cancer tissue using a computational pathway model to assess FOXO transcriptional activity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-09-34.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Verhaegh
- Philips Research, Eindhoven, Netherlands; UMCU, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - H van Ooijen
- Philips Research, Eindhoven, Netherlands; UMCU, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - M Hornsveld
- Philips Research, Eindhoven, Netherlands; UMCU, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - C Dam
- Philips Research, Eindhoven, Netherlands; UMCU, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - A Eijkelenboom
- Philips Research, Eindhoven, Netherlands; UMCU, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - M Dou
- Philips Research, Eindhoven, Netherlands; UMCU, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - R Velter
- Philips Research, Eindhoven, Netherlands; UMCU, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - B Burgering
- Philips Research, Eindhoven, Netherlands; UMCU, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - A van de Stolpe
- Philips Research, Eindhoven, Netherlands; UMCU, Utrecht, Netherlands
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14
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Ramos RJ, Pras-Raves ML, Gerrits J, van der Ham M, Willemsen M, Prinsen H, Burgering B, Jans JJ, Verhoeven-Duif NM. Vitamin B6 is essential for serine de novo biosynthesis. J Inherit Metab Dis 2017; 40:883-891. [PMID: 28801717 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-017-0061-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), the metabolically active form of vitamin B6, plays an essential role in brain metabolism as a cofactor in numerous enzyme reactions. PLP deficiency in brain, either genetic or acquired, results in severe drug-resistant seizures that respond to vitamin B6 supplementation. The pathogenesis of vitamin B6 deficiency is largely unknown. To shed more light on the metabolic consequences of vitamin B6 deficiency in brain, we performed untargeted metabolomics in vitamin B6-deprived Neuro-2a cells. Significant alterations were observed in a range of metabolites. The most surprising observation was a decrease of serine and glycine, two amino acids that are known to be elevated in the plasma of vitamin B6 deficient patients. To investigate the cause of the low concentrations of serine and glycine, a metabolic flux analysis on serine biosynthesis was performed. The metabolic flux results showed that the de novo synthesis of serine was significantly reduced in vitamin B6-deprived cells. In addition, formation of glycine and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate was decreased. Thus, vitamin B6 is essential for serine de novo biosynthesis in neuronal cells, and serine de novo synthesis is critical to maintain intracellular serine and glycine. These findings suggest that serine and glycine concentrations in brain may be deficient in patients with vitamin B6 responsive epilepsy. The low intracellular 5-mTHF concentrations observed in vitro may explain the favourable but so far unexplained response of some patients with pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy to folinic acid supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rúben J Ramos
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, KC02.069.1, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mia L Pras-Raves
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, KC02.069.1, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Gerrits
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, KC02.069.1, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria van der Ham
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, KC02.069.1, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Willemsen
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, KC02.069.1, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hubertus Prinsen
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, KC02.069.1, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Boudewijn Burgering
- Department of Molecular Cancer Research and Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 EA, The Netherlands
| | - Judith J Jans
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, KC02.069.1, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Nanda M Verhoeven-Duif
- Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, KC02.069.1, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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15
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Charitou P, Rodriguez-Colman M, Gerrits J, Verhoeven-Duif N, Burgering B. Abstract B32: FOXOs support the metabolic requirements of normal and tumor cells by regulating IDH1 expression. Mol Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3125.metca15-b32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
FOXO transcription factors are considered bona fide tumor suppressors, however recent studies showed FOXOs are also required for tumor survival. Here we identify FOXOs as transcriptional regulators of IDH1. FOXOs regulate IDH1 expression and thereby maintain the cytosolic levels of α-ketoglutarate and NADPH. In cancer cells carrying mutant IDH1, FOXOs likewise regulate mutant IDH1 expression and maintain the levels of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate, which stimulates cancer cell proliferation likely by repressing differentiation. Combined, our data provide a new paradigm for the paradoxical role of FOXOs in both tumor suppression and promotion. Furthermore these data suggest a role for FOXOs in maintaining the de-differentiated state by regulating α-ketoglutarate and/or 2-hydroxyglutarate levels. Indeed, in models of differentiation (e.g. 3T3-L1 differentiation towards adipocytes) loss of FOXO, as well as loss of IDH1 expression repress differentiation and we are currently further exploring the molecular underpinnings.
Note: This abstract was not presented at the conference.
Citation Format: Paraskevi Charitou, Maria Rodriguez-Colman, Johan Gerrits, Nanda Verhoeven-Duif, Boudewijn Burgering. FOXOs support the metabolic requirements of normal and tumor cells by regulating IDH1 expression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Metabolism and Cancer; Jun 7-10, 2015; Bellevue, WA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2016;14(1_Suppl):Abstract nr B32.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Johan Gerrits
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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16
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Rodriguez-Colman MJ, Meerlo M, Verhoeven-Duif N, Burgering B. Abstract A42: Exploring differential metabolic plasticity for treatment of cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3125.metca15-a42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The metabolic properties of cancer cells diverge significantly from those of normal cells. Energy production in cancer cells is abnormally dependent on aerobic glycolysis even in the presence of sufficient oxygen concentration to perform OXPHOS in mitochondria. In the last years the understanding of cancer metabolism has increased, revealing its high complexity. In addition to the dependency on glycolysis, cancer cells have other atypical metabolic characteristics such as increased fatty acid synthesis and increased rates of glutamine metabolism. Emerging evidence shows that many features characteristic to cancer cells, such as deregulated Warburg-like glucose metabolism, fatty acid synthesis and glutaminolysis are linked to therapeutic resistance in cancer treatment. Therefore recently, there is a renewed interest in targeting metabolism as a resource for cancer treatment options. However, cancer heterogeneity and the variable mutational spectrum of cancer will likely hamper targeting metabolism in a manner similar to targeting deregulated signal transduction. Our work aims to analyze and correlate common cancer mutations with metabolic changes and thereby to rationalize metabolic personalized cancer treatment. For this purpose we combine metabolic measurements from genetically defined colon organoids (tumor progression organoid model and organoids derived from various genetically modified mice) and patient derived colon tumor organoids (biobank) from which the genome has been fully sequenced. Metabolism is profiled by various methods including Seahorse technology for the determination of bioenergetics, and untargeted metabolomics. This enables us to profile these organoids based on their metabolic program and to use this information for specific cancer treatment.
Citation Format: Maria J. Rodriguez-Colman, Maaike Meerlo, Nanda Verhoeven-Duif, Boudewijn Burgering. Exploring differential metabolic plasticity for treatment of cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Metabolism and Cancer; Jun 7-10, 2015; Bellevue, WA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2016;14(1_Suppl):Abstract nr A42.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maaike Meerlo
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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17
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Runtuwene V, van Eekelen M, Overvoorde J, Rehmann H, Yntema HG, Nillesen WM, van Haeringen A, van der Burgt I, Burgering B, den Hertog J. Noonan syndrome gain-of-function mutations in NRAS cause zebrafish gastrulation defects. Dis Model Mech 2011; 4:393-9. [PMID: 21263000 PMCID: PMC3097460 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.007112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Noonan syndrome is a relatively common developmental disorder that is characterized by reduced growth, wide-set eyes and congenital heart defects. Noonan syndrome is associated with dysregulation of the Ras–mitogen-activated-protein-kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Recently, two mutations in NRAS were reported to be associated with Noonan syndrome, T50I and G60E. Here, we report a mutation in NRAS, resulting in an I24N amino acid substitution, that we identified in an individual bearing typical Noonan syndrome features. The I24N mutation activates N-Ras, resulting in enhanced downstream signaling. Expression of N-Ras-I24N, N-Ras-G60E or the strongly activating mutant N-Ras-G12V, which we included as a positive control, results in developmental defects in zebrafish embryos, demonstrating that these activating N-Ras mutants are sufficient to induce developmental disorders. The defects in zebrafish embryos are reminiscent of symptoms in individuals with Noonan syndrome and phenocopy the defects that other Noonan-syndrome-associated genes induce in zebrafish embryos. MEK inhibition completely rescued the activated N-Ras-induced phenotypes, demonstrating that these defects are mediated exclusively by Ras-MAPK signaling. In conclusion, mutations in NRAS from individuals with Noonan syndrome activated N-Ras signaling and induced developmental defects in zebrafish embryos, indicating that activating mutations in NRAS cause Noonan syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Runtuwene
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Delpuech O, Griffiths B, East P, Essafi A, Lam EWF, Burgering B, Downward J, Schulze A. Induction of Mxi1-SR alpha by FOXO3a contributes to repression of Myc-dependent gene expression. Mol Cell Biol 2007; 27:4917-30. [PMID: 17452451 PMCID: PMC1951505 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01789-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead transcription factors of the O class (FOXOs) are important targets of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase)/Akt pathway. FOXOs have been implicated in the regulation of cell cycle progression, oxidative stress resistance, and apoptosis. Using DNA microarrays, we analyzed the transcriptional response to FOXO3a activation by gene expression analysis in DLD-1 colon cancer cells stably expressing a FOXO3a.A3-ER fusion protein. We found that activation of FOXO3a resulted in repression of a number of previously identified Myc target genes. Furthermore, FOXO3a activation induced expression of several members of the Mad/Mxd family of transcriptional repressors, most notably Mxi1. The induction of Mxi1 by FOXO3a was specific to the Mxi1-SR alpha isoform and was mediated by three highly conserved FOXO binding sites within the first intron of the gene. Activation of FOXO3a in response to inhibition of Akt also resulted in activation of Mxi1-SR alpha expression. Silencing of Mxi1 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) reduced FOXO3a-mediated repression of a number of Myc target genes. We also observed that FOXO3a activation induced a switch in promoter occupancy from Myc to Mxi1 on the E-box containing promoter regions of two Myc target genes, APEX and FOXM1. siRNA-mediated transient silencing of Mxi1 or all Mad/Mxd proteins reduced exit from S phase in response to FOXO3a activation, and stable silencing of Mxi1 or Mad1 reduced the growth inhibitory effect of FOXO3a. We conclude that induction of Mad/Mxd proteins contributes to the inhibition of proliferation in response to FOXO3a activation. Our results provide evidence of direct regulation of Mxi1 by FOXO3a and imply an additional mechanism through which the PI3-kinase/Akt/FOXO pathway can modulate Myc function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oona Delpuech
- Gene Expression Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, United Kingdom
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Staal FJT, van der Luijt RB, Baert MRM, van Drunen J, van Bakel H, Peters E, de Valk I, van Amstel HKP, Taphoorn MJB, Jansen GH, van Veelen CWM, Burgering B, Staal GEJ. A novel germline mutation of PTEN associated with brain tumours of multiple lineages. Br J Cancer 2002; 86:1586-91. [PMID: 12085208 PMCID: PMC2746590 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2001] [Revised: 01/07/2002] [Accepted: 01/24/2002] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We have identified a novel germline mutation in the PTEN tumour suppressor gene. The mutation was identified in a patient with a glioma, and turned out to be a heterozygous germline mutation of PTEN (Arg234Gln), without loss of heterozygosity in tumour DNA. The biological consequences of this germline mutation were investigated by means of transfection studies of the mutant PTEN molecule compared to wild-type PTEN. In contrast to the wild-type molecule, the mutant PTEN protein is not capable of inducing apoptosis, induces increased cell proliferation and leads to high constitutive PKB/Akt activation, which cannot be increased anymore by stimulation with insulin. The reported patient, in addition to glioma, had suffered from benign meningioma in the past but did not show any clinical signs of Cowden disease or other hereditary diseases typically associated with PTEN germline mutations. The functional consequences of the mutation in transfection studies are consistent with high proliferative activity. Together, these findings suggest that the Arg234Gln missense mutation in PTEN has oncogenic properties and predisposes to brain tumours of multiple lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J T Staal
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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