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Vissers LET, Sluijs I, Burgess S, Forouhi NG, Freisling H, Imamura F, Nilsson TK, Renström F, Weiderpass E, Aleksandrova K, Dahm CC, Perez-Cornago A, Schulze MB, Tong TYN, Aune D, Bonet C, Boer JMA, Boeing H, Chirlaque MD, Conchi MI, Imaz L, Jäger S, Krogh V, Kyrø C, Masala G, Melander O, Overvad K, Panico S, Sánches MJ, Sonestedt E, Tjønneland A, Tzoulaki I, Verschuren WMM, Riboli E, Wareham NJ, Danesh J, Butterworth AS, van der Schouw YT. Milk intake and incident stroke and CHD in populations of European descent: a Mendelian randomisation study. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:1789-1797. [PMID: 34670632 PMCID: PMC9592953 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521004244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Higher milk intake has been associated with a lower stroke risk, but not with risk of CHD. Residual confounding or reverse causation cannot be excluded. Therefore, we estimated the causal association of milk consumption with stroke and CHD risk through instrumental variable (IV) and gene-outcome analyses. IV analysis included 29 328 participants (4611 stroke; 9828 CHD) of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-CVD (eight European countries) and European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Netherlands (EPIC-NL) case-cohort studies. rs4988235, a lactase persistence (LP) SNP which enables digestion of lactose in adulthood was used as genetic instrument. Intake of milk was first regressed on rs4988235 in a linear regression model. Next, associations of genetically predicted milk consumption with stroke and CHD were estimated using Prentice-weighted Cox regression. Gene-outcome analysis included 777 024 participants (50 804 cases) from MEGASTROKE (including EPIC-CVD), UK Biobank and EPIC-NL for stroke, and 483 966 participants (61 612 cases) from CARDIoGRAM, UK Biobank, EPIC-CVD and EPIC-NL for CHD. In IV analyses, each additional LP allele was associated with a higher intake of milk in EPIC-CVD (β = 13·7 g/d; 95 % CI 8·4, 19·1) and EPIC-NL (36·8 g/d; 95 % CI 20·0, 53·5). Genetically predicted milk intake was not associated with stroke (HR per 25 g/d 1·05; 95 % CI 0·94, 1·16) or CHD (1·02; 95 % CI 0·96, 1·08). In gene-outcome analyses, there was no association of rs4988235 with risk of stroke (OR 1·02; 95 % CI 0·99, 1·05) or CHD (OR 0·99; 95 % CI 0·95, 1·03). Current Mendelian randomisation analysis does not provide evidence for a causal inverse relationship between milk consumption and stroke or CHD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. E. T. Vissers
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - I. Sluijs
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S. Burgess
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - N. G. Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - H. Freisling
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - F. Imamura
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - T. K. Nilsson
- Department of Medical Biosciences/Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - F. Renström
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - E. Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - K. Aleksandrova
- Germany Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - C. C. Dahm
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - A. Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M. B. Schulze
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Germany Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - T. Y. N. Tong
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - D. Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Nutrition, Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - C. Bonet
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. M. A. Boer
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - H. Boeing
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - M. D. Chirlaque
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia University, Murcia, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - M. I. Conchi
- Navarra Public Health Institute – IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Pamplona, Spain
| | - L. Imaz
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - S. Jäger
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - V. Krogh
- Epidemiology and prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Instituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - C. Kyrø
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - G. Masala
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network – ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - O. Melander
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Sweden
| | - K. Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - S. Panico
- Dipartemento di medicina clinica e chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - M. J. Sánches
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - E. Sonestedt
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Sweden
| | - A. Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - I. Tzoulaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - W. M. M. Verschuren
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - E. Riboli
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
| | - N. J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - J. Danesh
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A. S. Butterworth
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Y. T. van der Schouw
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Cordova R, Knaze V, Viallon V, Rust P, Schalkwijk CG, Weiderpass E, Wagner KH, Mayen-Chacon AL, Aglago EK, Dahm CC, Overvad K, Tjønneland A, Halkjær J, Mancini FR, Boutron-Ruault MC, Fagherazzi G, Katzke V, Kühn T, Schulze MB, Boeing H, Trichopoulou A, Karakatsani A, Thriskos P, Masala G, Krogh V, Panico S, Tumino R, Ricceri F, Spijkerman A, Boer J, Skeie G, Rylander C, Borch KB, Quirós JR, Agudo A, Redondo-Sánchez D, Amiano P, Gómez-Gómez JH, Barricarte A, Ramne S, Sonestedt E, Johansson I, Esberg A, Tong T, Aune D, Tsilidis KK, Gunter MJ, Jenab M, Freisling H. Dietary intake of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and changes in body weight in European adults. Eur J Nutr 2020; 59:2893-2904. [PMID: 31701336 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02129-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) can be formed in foods by the reaction of reducing sugars with proteins, and have been shown to induce insulin resistance and obesity in experimental studies. We examined the association between dietary AGEs intake and changes in body weight in adults over an average of 5 years of follow-up. METHODS A total of 255,170 participants aged 25-70 years were recruited in ten European countries (1992-2000) in the PANACEA study (Physical Activity, Nutrition, Alcohol, Cessation of smoking, Eating out of home in relation to Anthropometry), a sub-cohort of the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition). Body weight was measured at recruitment and self-reported between 2 and 11 years later depending on the study center. A reference database for AGEs was used containing UPLC-MS/MS-measured Nε-(carboxymethyl)-lysine (CML), Nε-(1-carboxyethyl)-lysine (CEL), and Nδ-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl)-ornithine (MG-H1) in 200 common European foods. This reference database was matched to foods and decomposed recipes obtained from country-specific validated dietary questionnaires in EPIC and intake levels of CEL, CML, and MG-H1 were estimated. Associations between dietary AGEs intake and body weight change were estimated separately for each of the three AGEs using multilevel mixed linear regression models with center as random effect and dietary AGEs intake and relevant confounders as fixed effects. RESULTS A one-SD increment in CEL intake was associated with 0.111 kg (95% CI 0.087-0.135) additional weight gain over 5 years. The corresponding additional weight gain for CML and MG-H1 was 0.065 kg (0.041-0.089) and 0.034 kg (0.012, 0.057), respectively. The top six food groups contributing to AGEs intake, with varying proportions across the AGEs, were cereals/cereal products, meat/processed meat, cakes/biscuits, dairy, sugar and confectionary, and fish/shellfish. CONCLUSION In this study of European adults, higher intakes of AGEs were associated with marginally greater weight gain over an average of 5 years of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cordova
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - V Knaze
- Section of Early Detection and Prevention, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - V Viallon
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - P Rust
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C G Schalkwijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Metabolism and Vascular Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - E Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - K-H Wagner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A-L Mayen-Chacon
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - E K Aglago
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - C C Dahm
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - K Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - A Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Halkjær
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F R Mancini
- CESP, Fac. de médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine-UVSQ-INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - M-C Boutron-Ruault
- CESP, Fac. de médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine-UVSQ-INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - G Fagherazzi
- CESP, Fac. de médecine, Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine-UVSQ-INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - V Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutrition Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - H Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | | | - A Karakatsani
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- 2nd Pulmonary Medicine Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ATTIKON University Hospital, Haidari, Greece
| | - P Thriskos
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - G Masala
- Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network-ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - V Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - S Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica E Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - R Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale (ASP) Ragusa, Ragusa, Italy
| | - F Ricceri
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL TO3, Turin, TO, Italy
| | - A Spijkerman
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - J Boer
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - G Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - C Rylander
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - K B Borch
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - J R Quirós
- Public Health Directorate, Asturias, Spain
| | - A Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Redondo-Sánchez
- Andalusian School of Public Health. Biomedical Research Institute ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Amiano
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - J-H Gómez-Gómez
- Department of Epidemiology and Murcia Regional Health Council, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - A Barricarte
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - S Ramne
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - E Sonestedt
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - I Johansson
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - A Esberg
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - T Tong
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - D Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - K K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine University Campus Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - M J Gunter
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - M Jenab
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Heinz Freisling
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 cours Albert Thomas, CEDEX 08, 69372, Lyon, France.
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Schlesinger S, Lieb W, Koch M, Fedirko V, Dahm CC, Pischon T, Nöthlings U, Boeing H, Aleksandrova K. Body weight gain and risk of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Obes Rev 2015; 16:607-19. [PMID: 25925734 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
While the relationship between body mass index as an indicator of excess body weight and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) is well established, the association between body weight gain in adulthood and risk of CRC remains unresolved. We quantified this association in a meta-analysis of 12 observational studies published until November 2014 with a total of 16,151 incident CRC cases. Random effect models were used to obtain summary relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Between-study heterogeneity was assessed using I(2) statistics. Overall, the summary RR (95% CI) was 1.22 (1.14-1.30) for high body weight gain (midpoint: 15.2 kg) compared with stable weight (P for heterogeneity = 0.182; I(2) = 21.2%). In a dose-response analysis, each 5 kg weight gain was associated with a 4% (95% CI: 2%-5%) higher risk of CRC. The association persisted after adjustment for body weight at younger age and was present for both men and women, as well as for colon and rectal cancer. Differences by sex were detected for colon cancer (P for interaction = 0.003, with higher risk for men than women), but not for rectal cancer (P for interaction = 0.613). In conclusion, these data underscore the importance of body weight management from early adulthood onwards for the prevention of CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schlesinger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - W Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - M Koch
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - V Fedirko
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - C C Dahm
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - T Pischon
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - U Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - H Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - K Aleksandrova
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
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Schmidt JA, Gorst-Rasmussen A, Nyström PW, Christensen JH, Schmidt EB, Dethlefsen C, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Dahm CC. Baseline patterns of adipose tissue fatty acids and long-term risk of breast cancer: a case-cohort study in the Danish cohort Diet, Cancer and Health. Eur J Clin Nutr 2014; 68:1088-94. [PMID: 24642780 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The evidence regarding fatty acids and breast cancer risk is inconclusive. Adipose tissue fatty acids can be used as biomarkers of fatty acid intake and of endogenous fatty acid exposure. Fatty acids in adipose tissue are correlated owing to common dietary sources and shared metabolic pathways, which group fatty acids into naturally occurring patterns. We aimed to prospectively investigate associations between adipose tissue fatty acid patterns and long-term risk of total breast cancer and breast cancer subtypes characterised by oestrogen and progesterone receptor status (ER and PR). SUBJECTS/METHODS This case-cohort study was based on data from the Danish cohort Diet, Cancer and Health. At baseline, a fat biopsy and information on lifestyle and reproductive factors were collected. From the 31 original fatty acids measured, patterns of fatty acids were identified using the treelet transform. During a median follow-up of 5.3 years, 474 breast cancer cases were identified. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of risk of total breast cancer and of subtypes according to quintiles of factor score were determined by weighted Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS After adjustment for potential confounders, factor scores for the seven patterns identified by the treelet transform were not associated with risk of total breast cancer, nor with risk of ER+, ER-, PR+ or PR- tumours. CONCLUSIONS No clear associations between the patterns of fatty acids at baseline and long-term risk of total breast cancer or ER+, ER-, PR+ or PR- tumours were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Schmidt
- 1] Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK [2] Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - A Gorst-Rasmussen
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - P W Nyström
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J H Christensen
- Department of Nephrology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - E B Schmidt
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - C Dethlefsen
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - A Tjønneland
- Diet, Genes and Environment Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K Overvad
- 1] Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark [2] Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - C C Dahm
- Section for Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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5
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Bendinelli B, Palli D, Masala G, Sharp SJ, Schulze MB, Guevara M, van der ADL, Sera F, Amiano P, Balkau B, Barricarte A, Boeing H, Crowe FL, Dahm CC, Dalmeijer G, de Lauzon-Guillain B, Egeberg R, Fagherazzi G, Franks PW, Krogh V, Huerta JM, Jakszyn P, Khaw KT, Li K, Mattiello A, Nilsson PM, Overvad K, Ricceri F, Rolandsson O, Sánchez MJ, Slimani N, Sluijs I, Spijkerman AMW, Teucher B, Tjonneland A, Tumino R, van den Berg SW, Forouhi NG, Langeberg C, Feskens EJM, Riboli E, Wareham NJ. Association between dietary meat consumption and incident type 2 diabetes: the EPIC-InterAct study. Diabetologia 2013; 56:47-59. [PMID: 22983636 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2718-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS A diet rich in meat has been reported to contribute to the risk of type 2 diabetes. The present study aims to investigate the association between meat consumption and incident type 2 diabetes in the EPIC-InterAct study, a large prospective case-cohort study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. METHODS During 11.7 years of follow-up, 12,403 incident cases of type 2 diabetes were identified among 340,234 adults from eight European countries. A centre-stratified random subsample of 16,835 individuals was selected in order to perform a case-cohort design. Prentice-weighted Cox regression analyses were used to estimate HR and 95% CI for incident diabetes according to meat consumption. RESULTS Overall, multivariate analyses showed significant positive associations with incident type 2 diabetes for increasing consumption of total meat (50 g increments: HR 1.08; 95% CI 1.05, 1.12), red meat (HR 1.08; 95% CI 1.03, 1.13) and processed meat (HR 1.12; 95% CI 1.05, 1.19), and a borderline positive association with meat iron intake. Effect modifications by sex and class of BMI were observed. In men, the results of the overall analyses were confirmed. In women, the association with total and red meat persisted, although attenuated, while an association with poultry consumption also emerged (HR 1.20; 95% CI 1.07, 1.34). These associations were not evident among obese participants. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION This prospective study confirms a positive association between high consumption of total and red meat and incident type 2 diabetes in a large cohort of European adults.
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Cooper AJ, Forouhi NG, Ye Z, Buijsse B, Arriola L, Balkau B, Barricarte A, Beulens JWJ, Boeing H, Büchner FL, Dahm CC, de Lauzon-Guillain B, Fagherazzi G, Franks PW, Gonzalez C, Grioni S, Kaaks R, Key TJ, Masala G, Navarro C, Nilsson P, Overvad K, Panico S, Ramón Quirós J, Rolandsson O, Roswall N, Sacerdote C, Sánchez MJ, Slimani N, Sluijs I, Spijkerman AMW, Teucher B, Tjonneland A, Tumino R, Sharp SJ, Langenberg C, Feskens EJM, Riboli E, Wareham NJ. Fruit and vegetable intake and type 2 diabetes: EPIC-InterAct prospective study and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Nutr 2012; 66:1082-92. [PMID: 22854878 PMCID: PMC3652306 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2012.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Revised: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Fruit and vegetable intake (FVI) may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the epidemiological evidence is inconclusive. The aim of this study is to examine the prospective association of FVI with T2D and conduct an updated meta-analysis. In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer-InterAct (EPIC-InterAct) prospective case-cohort study nested within eight European countries, a representative sample of 16,154 participants and 12,403 incident cases of T2D were identified from 340,234 individuals with 3.99 million person-years of follow-up. For the meta-analysis we identified prospective studies on FVI and T2D risk by systematic searches of MEDLINE and EMBASE until April 2011. In EPIC-InterAct, estimated FVI by dietary questionnaires varied more than twofold between countries. In adjusted analyses the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) comparing the highest with lowest quartile of reported intake was 0.90 (0.80-1.01) for FVI; 0.89 (0.76-1.04) for fruit and 0.94 (0.84-1.05) for vegetables. Among FV subtypes, only root vegetables were inversely associated with diabetes 0.87 (0.77-0.99). In meta-analysis using pooled data from five studies including EPIC-InterAct, comparing the highest with lowest category for FVI was associated with a lower relative risk of diabetes (0.93 (0.87-1.00)). Fruit or vegetables separately were not associated with diabetes. Among FV subtypes, only green leafy vegetable (GLV) intake (relative risk: 0.84 (0.74-0.94)) was inversely associated with diabetes. Subtypes of vegetables, such as root vegetables or GLVs may be beneficial for the prevention of diabetes, while total FVI may exert a weaker overall effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Cooper
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Jeurnink SM, Büchner FL, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Siersema PD, Boshuizen HC, Numans ME, Dahm CC, Overvad K, Tjønneland A, Roswall N, Clavel-Chapelon F, Boutron-Ruault MC, Morois S, Kaaks R, Teucher B, Boeing H, Buijsse B, Trichopoulou A, Benetou V, Zylis D, Palli D, Sieri S, Vineis P, Tumino R, Panico S, Ocké MC, Peeters PHM, Skeie G, Brustad M, Lund E, Sánchez-Cantalejo E, Navarro C, Amiano P, Ardanaz E, Ramón Quirós J, Hallmans G, Johansson I, Lindkvist B, Regnér S, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Key TJ, Slimani N, Norat T, Vergnaud AC, Romaguera D, Gonzalez CA. Variety in vegetable and fruit consumption and the risk of gastric and esophageal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Int J Cancer 2012; 131:E963-73. [PMID: 22392502 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Diets high in vegetables and fruits have been suggested to be inversely associated with risk of gastric cancer. However, the evidence of the effect of variety of consumption is limited. We therefore investigated whether consumption of a variety of vegetables and fruit is associated with gastric and esophageal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Data on food consumption and follow-up on cancer incidence were available for 452,269 participants from 10 European countries. After a mean follow-up of 8.4 years, 475 cases of gastric and esophageal adenocarcinomas (180 noncardia, 185 cardia, gastric esophageal junction and esophagus, 110 not specified) and 98 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas were observed. Diet Diversity Scores were used to quantify the variety in vegetable and fruit consumption. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazard models to calculate risk ratios. Independent from quantity of consumption, variety in the consumption of vegetables and fruit combined and of fruit consumption alone were statistically significantly inversely associated with the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (continuous hazard ratio per 2 products increment 0.88; 95% CI 0.79-0.97 and 0.76; 95% CI 0.62-0.94, respectively) with the latter particularly seen in ever smokers. Variety in vegetable and/or fruit consumption was not associated with risk of gastric and esophageal adenocarcinomas. Independent from quantity of consumption, more variety in vegetable and fruit consumption combined and in fruit consumption alone may decrease the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. However, residual confounding by lifestyle factors cannot be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Jeurnink
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Dahm CC, Ostergaard JN, Gorst-Rasmussen A, Jakobsen MU, Schmidt EB, Tjonneland A, Overvad K. P1-17 The treelet transform--a novel method for determining patterns in adipose tissue fatty acids. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976c.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Gorst-Rasmussen A, Dahm CC, Dethlefsen C, Scheike T, Overvad K. Gorst-Rasmussen et al. Respond to "Dietary Pattern Analysis". Am J Epidemiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwr059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
A large number of proteins contain free thiols that can be modified by the formation of internal disulphides or by mixed disulphides with low-molecular-mass thiols. The majority of these latter modifications result from the interaction of protein thiols with the endogenous glutathione pool. Protein glutathionylation and disulphide formation are of significance both for defence against oxidative damage and in redox signalling. As mitochondria are central to both oxidative damage and redox signalling within the cell, these modifications of mitochondrial proteins are of particular importance. In the present study, we review the mechanisms and physiological significance of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Hurd
- Medical Research Council Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XY, UK
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