1
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Herrero-Labrador R, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Vecino R, González-Arias C, Ausín K, Crespo I, Fernández Acosta FJ, Nieto-Estévez V, Román MJ, Perea G, Torres-Alemán I, Santamaría E, Vicario C. Brain IGF-I regulates LTP, spatial memory, and sexual dimorphic behavior. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201691. [PMID: 37463753 PMCID: PMC10355288 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) exerts multiple actions, yet the role of IGF-I from different sources is poorly understood. Here, we explored the functional and behavioral consequences of the conditional deletion of Igf-I in the nervous system (Igf-I Δ/Δ), and demonstrated that long-term potentiation was impaired in hippocampal slices. Moreover, Igf-I Δ/Δ mice showed spatial memory deficits in the Morris water maze, and the significant sex-dependent differences displayed by Igf-I Ctrl/Ctrl mice disappeared in Igf-I Δ/Δ mice in the open field and rota-rod tests. Brain Igf-I deletion disorganized the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus (DG), and it modified the relative expressions of GAD and VGLUT1, which are preferentially localized to inhibitory and excitatory presynaptic terminals. Furthermore, Igf-I deletion altered protein modules involved in receptor trafficking, synaptic proteins, and proteins that functionally interact with estrogen and androgen metabolism. Our findings indicate that brain IGF-I is crucial for long-term potentiation, and that it is involved in the regulation of spatial memory and sexual dimorphic behaviors, possibly by maintaining the granule cell layer structure and the stability of synaptic-related protein modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Herrero-Labrador
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen
- Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Platform, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rebeca Vecino
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Karina Ausín
- Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Platform, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Crespo
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- CES Cardenal Cisneros, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Vanesa Nieto-Estévez
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - M José Román
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gertrudis Perea
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Torres-Alemán
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, and Ikerbasque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Enrique Santamaría
- Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Platform, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos Vicario
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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2
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Costa-Laparra I, Juárez-Escoto E, Vicario C, Moratalla R, García-Sanz P. APOE ε4 allele, along with G206D- PSEN1 mutation, alters mitochondrial networks and their degradation in Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1087072. [PMID: 37455931 PMCID: PMC10340123 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1087072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alzheimer's disease remains the most common neurodegenerative disorder, depicted mainly by memory loss and the presence in the brain of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. This disease is related to several cellular alterations like the loss of synapses, neuronal death, disruption of lipid homeostasis, mitochondrial fragmentation, or raised oxidative stress. Notably, changes in the autophagic pathway have turned out to be a key factor in the early development of the disease. The aim of this research is to determine the impact of the APOE allele ε4 and G206D-PSEN1 on the underlying mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease. Methods Fibroblasts from Alzheimer's patients with APOE 3/4 + G206D-PSEN1 mutation and homozygous APOE ε4 were used to study the effects of APOE polymorphism and PSEN1 mutation on the autophagy pathway, mitochondrial network fragmentation, superoxide anion levels, lysosome clustering, and p62/SQSTM1 levels. Results We observed that the APOE allele ε4 in homozygosis induces mitochondrial network fragmentation that correlates with an increased colocalization with p62/SQSTM1, probably due to an inefficient autophagy. Moreover, G206D-PSEN1 mutation causes an impairment of the integrity of mitochondrial networks, triggering high superoxide anion levels and thus making APOE 3/4 + PSEN1 fibroblasts more vulnerable to cell death induced by oxidative stress. Of note, PSEN1 mutation induces accumulation and clustering of lysosomes that, along with an increase of global p62/SQSTM1, could compromise lysosomal function and, ultimately, its degradation. Conclusion The findings suggest that all these modifications could eventually contribute to the neuronal degeneration that underlies the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Further research in this area may help to develop targeted therapies for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Costa-Laparra
- Neurobiology of the Basal Ganglia Laboratory, Department of Functional Systems and Neurobiology, Instituto Cajal, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Juárez-Escoto
- Neurobiology of the Basal Ganglia Laboratory, Department of Functional Systems and Neurobiology, Instituto Cajal, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Vicario
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Stem Cells, Neurogenesis and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Moratalla
- Neurobiology of the Basal Ganglia Laboratory, Department of Functional Systems and Neurobiology, Instituto Cajal, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia García-Sanz
- Neurobiology of the Basal Ganglia Laboratory, Department of Functional Systems and Neurobiology, Instituto Cajal, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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3
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Carinci F, Vicario C, Zamperini N, La Valle F, Rocchi L, Veltro G, Siccardi G, Mantoan D. A novel stream of collaborative National portals to enhance preparedness and informed choices. Eur J Public Health 2022. [PMCID: PMC9593811 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac129.642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Issue/problem AGENAS supports the implementation of health policies in direct collaboration with Italian Regions and Autonomous Provinces. To improve public reporting, we aimed to complement the production of technical reports with new forms of timely communication, using National Portals. Description of the problem Between October-December 2020, we designed and implemented the Covid-19 National Portal, including a suite of targeted indicators, fully automated via ad hoc scripts written in php and R on top of a relational database using internal and external data sources. Targeted information was widely communicated and continuously updated. Dedicated sections on forecasting and resilience were delivered in collaboration with specialised academic institutions. In 2021, we deployed the Portal for the Transparency of Health Services, broadly oriented towards health issues, the location of services and performance indicators. Results Pre-post comparisons of web analytics for Jan-Apr 2020-2022 showed clear advantages of Covid-19 Portal. By Apr 2020, Italy had introduced national lockdown, while AGENAS covered the topic traditionally, recording 48,122 users overall, with daily peaks below 5,000 sessions. In 2021-2022, the number of users skyrocketed at 436,280, with daily peaks of 100,000 sessions, and 421,123 respectively, with daily peaks of 150,000 sessions. Visits to the Transparency Portal were considerably more limited. Lessons To be widely used, public health information needs to be relevant (responding to personal need close to home), understandable, accurate and timely. National Portals can gain efficiency through the mediation of search engines, enhanced by: targeted naming (url), coherent semantic perimeter (third level domain in a highly referenced institutional website), continuous updating, and impact factor (linked by authoritative websites). The Transparency Portal will take stock of these lessons to succeed in a new funded program of NextGenerationEU. Key messages • Relevant, understandable, accurate and timely dissemination for different types of audience may be effectively organised through National Portals. • Productive collaboration between health specialists and communication experts can enhance usability and actionability of National Portals for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Carinci
- Information and Communication Technologies, Italian National Agency for Regional Health Services , Rome, Italy
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Bologna , Bologna, Italy
| | - C Vicario
- Information and Communication Technologies, Italian National Agency for Regional Health Services , Rome, Italy
| | | | - F La Valle
- Information and Communication Technologies, Italian National Agency for Regional Health Services , Rome, Italy
| | - L Rocchi
- Information and Communication Technologies, Italian National Agency for Regional Health Services , Rome, Italy
| | - G Veltro
- Information and Communication Technologies, Italian National Agency for Regional Health Services , Rome, Italy
| | - G Siccardi
- Information and Communication Technologies, Italian National Agency for Regional Health Services , Rome, Italy
| | - D Mantoan
- Information and Communication Technologies, Italian National Agency for Regional Health Services , Rome, Italy
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4
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Crespo I, Pignatelli J, Kinare V, Méndez-Gómez HR, Esgleas M, Román MJ, Canals JM, Tole S, Vicario C. Tbr1 Misexpression Alters Neuronal Development in the Cerebral Cortex. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:5750-5765. [PMID: 35781633 PMCID: PMC9395452 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02936-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Changes in the transcription factor (TF) expression are critical for brain development, and they may also underlie neurodevelopmental disorders. Indeed, T-box brain1 (Tbr1) is a TF crucial for the formation of neocortical layer VI, and mutations and microdeletions in that gene are associated with malformations in the human cerebral cortex, alterations that accompany autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Interestingly, Tbr1 upregulation has also been related to the occurrence of ASD-like symptoms, although limited studies have addressed the effect of increased Tbr1 levels during neocortical development. Here, we analysed the impact of Tbr1 misexpression in mouse neural progenitor cells (NPCs) at embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5), when they mainly generate neuronal layers II–IV. By E18.5, cells accumulated in the intermediate zone and in the deep cortical layers, whereas they became less abundant in the upper cortical layers. In accordance with this, the proportion of Sox5+ cells in layers V–VI increased, while that of Cux1+ cells in layers II–IV decreased. On postnatal day 7, fewer defects in migration were evident, although a higher proportion of Sox5+ cells were seen in the upper and deep layers. The abnormal neuronal migration could be partially due to the altered multipolar-bipolar neuron morphologies induced by Tbr1 misexpression, which also reduced dendrite growth and branching, and disrupted the corpus callosum. Our results indicate that Tbr1 misexpression in cortical NPCs delays or disrupts neuronal migration, neuronal specification, dendrite development and the formation of the callosal tract. Hence, genetic changes that provoke ectopic Tbr1 upregulation during development could provoke cortical brain malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Crespo
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Doctor Arce 37, 28002, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,CES Cardenal Cisneros, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Pignatelli
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Doctor Arce 37, 28002, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Veena Kinare
- Department of Life Sciences, Sophia College for Women, Mumbai, 400026, India
| | - Héctor R Méndez-Gómez
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Doctor Arce 37, 28002, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miriam Esgleas
- CIBERNED-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creatio, Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - María José Román
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Doctor Arce 37, 28002, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep M Canals
- CIBERNED-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creatio, Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shubha Tole
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400005, India
| | - Carlos Vicario
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Doctor Arce 37, 28002, Madrid, Spain. .,CIBERNED-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
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5
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Fernández Acosta FJ, Luque-Molina I, Vecino R, Díaz-Guerra E, Defterali Ç, Pignatelli J, Vicario C. Morphological Diversity of Calretinin Interneurons Generated From Adult Mouse Olfactory Bulb Core Neural Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:932297. [PMID: 35846352 PMCID: PMC9277347 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.932297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) in the olfactory bulb (OB) core can generate mature interneurons in the adult mice brain. The vast majority of these adult generated cells express the calcium-binding protein Calretinin (CalR), and they migrate towards different OB layers. However, these cells have yet to be fully characterized and hence, to achieve this we injected retroviral particles expressing GFP into the OB core of adult animals and found that the CalR+ neurons generated from NSCs mainly migrate to the granule cell layer (GCL) and glomerular layer (GL) in similar proportions. In addition, since morphology and function are closely related, we used three-dimensional imaging techniques to analyze the morphology of these adult born cells, describing new subtypes of CalR+ interneurons based on their dendritic arborizations and projections, as well as their localization in the GCL or GL. We also show that the migration and morphology of these newly generated neurons can be altered by misexpressing the transcription factor Tbr1 in the OB core. Therefore, the morphology acquired by neurons located in a specific OB layer is the result of a combination of both extrinsic (e.g., layer allocation) and intrinsic mechanisms (e.g., transcription factors). Defining the cellular processes and molecular mechanisms that govern adult neurogenesis might help better understand brain circuit formation and plasticity, as well as eventually opening the way to develop strategies for brain repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inma Luque-Molina
- Instituto Cajal (IC), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Vecino
- Instituto Cajal (IC), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Díaz-Guerra
- Instituto Cajal (IC), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Çagla Defterali
- Instituto Cajal (IC), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Pignatelli
- Instituto Cajal (IC), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Vicario
- Instituto Cajal (IC), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Carlos Vicario,
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6
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Li L, Medina-Menéndez C, García-Corzo L, Córdoba-Beldad CM, Quiroga AC, Calleja Barca E, Zinchuk V, Muñoz-López S, Rodríguez-Martín P, Ciorraga M, Colmena I, Fernández S, Vicario C, Nicolis SK, Lefebvre V, Mira H, Morales AV. SoxD genes are required for adult neural stem cell activation. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110313. [PMID: 35108528 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The adult neurogenic niche in the hippocampus is maintained through activation of reversibly quiescent neural stem cells (NSCs) with radial glia-like morphology (RGLs). Here, we show that the expression of SoxD transcription factors Sox5 and Sox6 is enriched in activated RGLs. Using inducible deletion of Sox5 or Sox6 in the adult mouse brain, we show that both genes are required for RGL activation and the generation of new neurons. Conversely, Sox5 overexpression in cultured NSCs interferes with entry in quiescence. Mechanistically, expression of the proneural protein Ascl1 (a key RGL regulator) is severely downregulated in SoxD-deficient RGLs, and Ascl1 transcription relies on conserved Sox motifs. Additionally, loss of Sox5 hinders the RGL activation driven by neurogenic stimuli such as environmental enrichment. Altogether, our data suggest that SoxD genes are key mediators in the transition of adult RGLs from quiescence to an activated mitotic state under physiological situations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlos Vicario
- Instituto Cajal, CSIC, 28002 Madrid, Spain; CIBERNED-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Helena Mira
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, CSIC, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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7
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Defteralı Ç, Moreno-Estellés M, Crespo C, Díaz-Guerra E, Díaz-Moreno M, Vergaño-Vera E, Nieto-Estévez V, Hurtado-Chong A, Consiglio A, Mira H, Vicario C. Neural stem cells in the adult olfactory bulb core generate mature neurons in vivo. Stem Cells 2021; 39:1253-1269. [PMID: 33963799 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Although previous studies suggest that neural stem cells (NSCs) exist in the adult olfactory bulb (OB), their location, identity, and capacity to generate mature neurons in vivo has been little explored. Here, we injected enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-expressing retroviral particles into the OB core of adult mice to label dividing cells and to track the differentiation/maturation of any neurons they might generate. EGFP-labeled cells initially expressed adult NSC markers on days 1 to 3 postinjection (dpi), including Nestin, GLAST, Sox2, Prominin-1, and GFAP. EGFP+ -doublecortin (DCX) cells with a migratory morphology were also detected and their abundance increased over a 7-day period. Furthermore, EGFP-labeled cells progressively became NeuN+ neurons, they acquired neuronal morphologies, and they became immunoreactive for OB neuron subtype markers, the most abundant representing calretinin expressing interneurons. OB-NSCs also generated glial cells, suggesting they could be multipotent in vivo. Significantly, the newly generated neurons established and received synaptic contacts, and they expressed presynaptic proteins and the transcription factor pCREB. By contrast, when the retroviral particles were injected into the subventricular zone (SVZ), nearly all (98%) EGFP+ -cells were postmitotic when they reached the OB core, implying that the vast majority of proliferating cells present in the OB are not derived from the SVZ. Furthermore, we detected slowly dividing label-retaining cells in this region that could correspond to the population of resident NSCs. This is the first time NSCs located in the adult OB core have been shown to generate neurons that incorporate into OB circuits in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çağla Defteralı
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mireia Moreno-Estellés
- Unidad de Neurobiología Molecular, Área de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, CNM-ISCIII, Majadahonda, Spain.,Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia-CSIC (IBV-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Crespo
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Estructura de Investigación Interdisciplinar en Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva Díaz-Guerra
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Díaz-Moreno
- Unidad de Neurobiología Molecular, Área de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, CNM-ISCIII, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Eva Vergaño-Vera
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Nieto-Estévez
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anahí Hurtado-Chong
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonella Consiglio
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Helena Mira
- Unidad de Neurobiología Molecular, Área de Biología Celular y del Desarrollo, CNM-ISCIII, Majadahonda, Spain.,Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia-CSIC (IBV-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Vicario
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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8
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Schmid B, Holst B, Clausen C, Bahnassawy L, Reinhardt P, Bakker MHM, Díaz-Guerra E, Vicario C, Martino-Adami PV, Thoenes M, Ramirez A, Fliessbach K, Grezella C, Brüstle O, Peitz M, Ebneth A, Cabrera-Socorro A. Generation of a set of isogenic iPSC lines carrying all APOE genetic variants (Ɛ2/Ɛ3/Ɛ4) and knock-out for the study of APOE biology in health and disease. Stem Cell Res 2021; 52:102180. [PMID: 33556820 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
APOE genotype is the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The low degree of homology between mouse and human APOE is a concerning issue in preclinical models currently used to study the role of this gene in AD pathophysiology. A key objective of ADAPTED (Alzheimer's Disease Apolipoprotein Pathology for Treatment Elucidation and Development) project was to generate in vitro models that better recapitulate human APOE biology. We describe a new set of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) lines carrying common APOE variants (Ɛ2, Ɛ3, and Ɛ3/Ɛ4) and a knock-out isogenic to the parental APOE Ɛ4/Ɛ4 line (UKBi011-A).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bjørn Holst
- Bioneer A/S, Kogle Allé 2, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | | | - Lamiaa Bahnassawy
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co.KG, Neuroscience Discovery, Knollstrasse, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Peter Reinhardt
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co.KG, Neuroscience Discovery, Knollstrasse, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Margot H M Bakker
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co.KG, Neuroscience Discovery, Knollstrasse, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | | | | | - Pamela V Martino-Adami
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Michaela Thoenes
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurodegeneration and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Clara Grezella
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Oliver Brüstle
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Michael Peitz
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany; Cell Programming Core Facility, University of Bonn Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Ebneth
- Janssen Research & Development, Neuroscience Therapeutic Area (Johnson & Johnson), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Alfredo Cabrera-Socorro
- Janssen Research & Development, Neuroscience Therapeutic Area (Johnson & Johnson), Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium.
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9
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Socorro AC, Schmid B, Clausen C, Holst B, Peitz M, Grezella C, Brustle O, Bahnassawy L, Bennett K, Ried JS, Sáez ME, Ramaswamy G, Ruiz A, Bakker MH, Vicario C, Lourenco TS, Reinhardt P. Modelling AD‐relevant pathophysiology in neurons, astrocytes and microglia from two complete sets of isogenic iPSC lines generated by the ADAPTED project. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.040278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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10
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Rodríguez-Traver E, Díaz-Guerra E, Rodríguez C, Arenas F, Orera M, Kulisevsky J, Moratalla R, Vicario C. A collection of three integration-free iPSCs derived from old male and female healthy subjects. Stem Cell Res 2019; 42:101663. [PMID: 31794941 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present the characterization of three iPSC lines derived from dermal fibroblasts of old healthy subjects. Fibroblasts were reprogrammed using Sendai viral vectors encoding OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and c-MYC. The iPSCs expressed endogenous pluripotency markers, could generate the three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm), maintained a stable karyotype, and were free from Sendai vectors and reprogramming factors. These integration-free iPSCs can serve for establishing control cell cultures in studies searching for phenotypes and mechanisms that could potentially be dysregulated in degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Rodríguez-Traver
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Díaz-Guerra
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - César Rodríguez
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabián Arenas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Dept., Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Orera
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Kulisevsky
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Dept., Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosario Moratalla
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Vicario
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
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11
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Díaz-Guerra E, Rodríguez-Traver E, Moreno-Jiménez EP, de Rojas I, Rodríguez C, Orera M, Hernández I, Ruiz A, Vicario C. An integration-free iPSC line, ICCSICi007-A, derived from a female Alzheimer's disease patient with the APOE-ε4/ε4 alleles. Stem Cell Res 2019; 41:101588. [PMID: 31698192 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The epsilon4 (ε4) allele of the APOE gene, which encodes the apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4), is the strongest genetic risk factor known for late-onset Alzheimer´s disease (LOAD). Here, we present the characterization of an iPSC line generated from dermal fibroblasts of a female AD patient using Sendai viral vectors encoding the transcription factors OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and c-MYC. The iPSCs maintained the original genotype, a normal karyotype, were free from Sendai viral vectors and reprogramming factors, presented a normal morphology, expressed endogenous pluripotency markers, and could be differentiated into ectodermal, mesodermal and endodermal cells, confirming its pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Díaz-Guerra
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Rodríguez-Traver
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena P Moreno-Jiménez
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Itziar de Rojas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Fundació ACE-Barcelona Alzheimer Treatment and Research Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - César Rodríguez
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Orera
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Hernández
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Fundació ACE-Barcelona Alzheimer Treatment and Research Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agustín Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Fundació ACE-Barcelona Alzheimer Treatment and Research Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Vicario
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
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12
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Díaz-Guerra E, Oria-Muriel MA, Moreno-Jiménez EP, de Rojasb I, Rodríguez C, Rodríguez-Traver E, Orera M, Hernándezb I, Ruizb A, Vicario C. Generation of an integration-free iPSC line, ICCSICi006-A, derived from a male Alzheimer's disease patient carrying the PSEN1-G206D mutation. Stem Cell Res 2019; 40:101574. [PMID: 31627126 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The familial form of Alzheimer's disease (FAD), which is caused by mutations in PRESENILIN 1 (PSEN1) and amyloid precursor protein (APP) genes, represents less than 5% of all AD cases and has an early-onset. We report the generation and characterization of an iPSC line derived from a FAD patient carrying the PSEN1-G206D mutation. The iPSC line maintained the original genotype, a normal karyotype, was free from Sendai viral vectors and reprogramming factors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and c-MYC), presented a typical morphology, expressed endogenous pluripotency markers, and could be differentiated into ectodermal, mesodermal and endodermal cells, confirming its pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Díaz-Guerra
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel A Oria-Muriel
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena P Moreno-Jiménez
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Itziar de Rojasb
- Fundació ACE, Barcelona Alzheimer Treatment and Research Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - César Rodríguez
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Rodríguez-Traver
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Orera
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Hernándezb
- Fundació ACE, Barcelona Alzheimer Treatment and Research Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agustín Ruizb
- Fundació ACE, Barcelona Alzheimer Treatment and Research Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Vicario
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
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13
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Díaz-Guerra E, Moreno-Jiménez EP, de Rojas I, Rodríguez C, Rodríguez-Traver E, Arribas-González E, Orera M, Hernández I, Ruiz A, Vicario C. A collection of four integration-free iPSC lines derived from diagnosed sporadic Alzheimer's disease patients with different APOE alleles. Stem Cell Res 2019; 39:101522. [PMID: 31401456 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic polymorphism of apolipoprotein E (APOE) confers differential susceptibility to late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). The ε3 allele of APOE, the most common isoform, does not represent a risk factor for LOAD. In contrast, the ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for this disease. Here, we present the characterization of four iPSC lines generated from dermal fibroblasts of diagnosed sporadic AD patients using Sendai viral vectors encoding OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and c-MYC. The iPSCs expressed endogenous pluripotency markers, could be differentiated into the three germ layers, maintained the original genotypes, and were free from Sendai vectors and reprogramming factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Díaz-Guerra
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena P Moreno-Jiménez
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Itziar de Rojas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Fundació ACE-Barcelona Alzheimer Treatment and Research Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - César Rodríguez
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Rodríguez-Traver
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Arribas-González
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Orera
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Hernández
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Fundació ACE-Barcelona Alzheimer Treatment and Research Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agustín Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Fundació ACE-Barcelona Alzheimer Treatment and Research Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Vicario
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
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14
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Rodríguez-Traver E, Díaz-Guerra E, Rodríguez C, Fernández P, Arenas F, Araúzo-Bravo M, Orera M, Kulisevsky J, Moratalla R, Vicario C. A collection of integration-free iPSCs derived from Parkinson's disease patients carrying mutations in the GBA1 gene. Stem Cell Res 2019; 38:101482. [PMID: 31203165 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the GBA1 gene, which encodes the lysosomal enzyme Glucocerebrosidase1 are major risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). We have generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from fibroblasts of four PD patients carrying the N370S/wt or the L444P/wt heterozygous mutations in GBA1. The iPSCs presented a normal morphology, expressed endogenous pluripotency markers and could be differentiated into endodermal, mesodermal and ectodermal cells. These iPSCs were free from Sendai viral vectors and reprogramming factors, had a normal karyotype and maintained the original GBA1 genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Rodríguez-Traver
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Díaz-Guerra
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - César Rodríguez
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Fernández
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabián Arenas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Dept., Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - María Orera
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Kulisevsky
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Dept., Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosario Moratalla
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Vicario
- Instituto Cajal-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Abstract
Lipid and cholesterol metabolism might play a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD). However, the association between cholesterol and PD is not clearly established. Cholesterol accumulation is closely related to the expression of multilamellar bodies (MLBs). Also, cholesterol controls autophagosome transport. Thus, impaired cholesterol and autophagosome trafficking might lead to robust autophagic vacuole accumulation. Our recent work provides the first evidence that the presence of the N370S GBA mutation produces an accumulation of cholesterol, which alters autophagy-lysosome function with the appearance of MLBs, rendering the cell more vulnerable and sensitive to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia García-Sanz
- a Instituto Cajal , CSIC , Madrid, Spain.,b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Lorena Orgaz
- a Instituto Cajal , CSIC , Madrid, Spain.,b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - José M Fuentes
- b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain.,c Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética ; E. Enfermería y T.O.; Universidad de Extremadura ; Cáceres , Spain
| | - Carlos Vicario
- a Instituto Cajal , CSIC , Madrid, Spain.,b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Rosario Moratalla
- a Instituto Cajal , CSIC , Madrid, Spain.,b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain
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16
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García-Sanz P, Orgaz L, Bueno-Gil G, Espadas I, Rodríguez-Traver E, Kulisevsky J, Gutierrez A, Dávila JC, González-Polo RA, Fuentes JM, Mir P, Vicario C, Moratalla R. N370S-GBA1 mutation causes lysosomal cholesterol accumulation in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2017; 32:1409-1422. [PMID: 28779532 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterozygous mutations in the GBA1 gene, which encodes the lysosomal enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase-1, increase the risk of developing Parkinson's disease, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of the N370S-GBA1 mutation on cellular homeostasis and vulnerability in a patient-specific cellular model of PD. METHODS We isolated fibroblasts from 4 PD patients carrying the N370S/wild type GBA1 mutation and 6 controls to study the autophagy-lysosome pathway, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and Golgi apparatus structure by Western blot, immunofluorescence, LysoTracker and Filipin stainings, mRNA analysis, and electron microscopy. We evaluated cell vulnerability by apoptosis, reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial membrane potential with flow cytometry. RESULTS The N370S mutation produced a significant reduction in β-glucocerebrosidase-1 protein and enzyme activity and β-glucocerebrosidase-1 retention within the endoplasmic reticulum, which interrupted its traffic to the lysosome. This led to endoplasmic reticulum stress activation and triggered unfolded protein response and Golgi apparatus fragmentation. Furthermore, these alterations resulted in autophagosome and p62/SQSTM1 accumulation. This impaired autophagy was a result of dysfunctional lysosomes, indicated by multilamellar body accumulation probably caused by increased cholesterol, enlarged lysosomal mass, and reduced enzyme activity. This phenotype impaired the removal of damaged mitochondria and reactive oxygen species production and enhanced cell death. CONCLUSIONS Our results support a connection between the loss of β-glucocerebrosidase-1 function, cholesterol accumulation, and the disruption of cellular homeostasis in GBA1-PD. Our work reveals new insights into the cellular pathways underlying PD pathogenesis, providing evidence that GBA1-PD shares common features with lipid-storage diseases. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorena Orgaz
- Instituto Cajal, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Isabel Espadas
- Instituto Cajal, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jaime Kulisevsky
- CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain.,Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Dpt, Hospital Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonia Gutierrez
- CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain.,Dpto. de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, IBIMA, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - José C Dávila
- CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain.,Dpto. de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, IBIMA, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rosa A González-Polo
- CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain.,Dpto. de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Genética F. Enfermería y T.O., Univ. de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - José M Fuentes
- CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain.,Dpto. de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Genética F. Enfermería y T.O., Univ. de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Pablo Mir
- CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain.,Neurology Dpt, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Carlos Vicario
- Instituto Cajal, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
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17
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Vicario C, Monoszlai B, Jazbinsek M, Lee SH, Kwon OP, Hauri CP. Intense, carrier frequency and bandwidth tunable quasi single-cycle pulses from an organic emitter covering the Terahertz frequency gap. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14394. [PMID: 26400005 PMCID: PMC4585874 DOI: 10.1038/srep14394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In Terahertz (THz) science, one of the long-standing challenges has been the formation of spectrally dense, single-cycle pulses with tunable duration and spectrum across the frequency range of 0.1–15 THz (THz gap). This frequency band, lying between the electronically and optically accessible spectra hosts important molecular fingerprints and collective modes which cannot be fully controlled by present strong-field THz sources. We present a method that provides powerful single-cycle THz pulses in the THz gap with a stable absolute phase whose duration can be continuously selected between 68 fs and 1100 fs. The loss-free and chirp-free technique is based on optical rectification of a wavelength-tunable pump pulse in the organic emitter HMQ-TMS that allows for tuning of the spectral bandwidth from 1 to more than 7 octaves over the entire THz gap. The presented source tunability of the temporal carrier frequency and spectrum expands the scope of spectrally dense THz sources to time-resolved nonlinear THz spectroscopy in the entire THz gap. This opens new opportunities towards ultrafast coherent control over matter and light.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vicario
- Paul Scherrer Institute, SwissFEL, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - B Monoszlai
- Paul Scherrer Institute, SwissFEL, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - M Jazbinsek
- Rainbow Photonics AG, 8048 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S-H Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Korea
| | - O-P Kwon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Korea
| | - C P Hauri
- Paul Scherrer Institute, SwissFEL, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.,Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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18
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Vicario C, Jazbinsek M, Ovchinnikov AV, Chefonov OV, Ashitkov SI, Agranat MB, Hauri CP. High efficiency THz generation in DSTMS, DAST and OH1 pumped by Cr:forsterite laser. Opt Express 2015; 23:4573-80. [PMID: 25836494 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.004573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We investigated Terahertz generation in organic crystals DSTMS, DAST and OH1 directly pumped by a Cr:forsterite laser at central wavelength of 1.25 μm. This pump laser technology provides a laser-to-THz energy conversion efficiency higher than 3 percent. Phase-matching is demonstrated over a broad 0.1-8 THz frequency range. In our simple setup we achieved hundred μJ pulses in tight focus resulting in electric and magnetic field larger than 10 MV/cm and 3 Tesla.
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19
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Vicario C, Ovchinnikov AV, Ashitkov SI, Agranat MB, Fortov VE, Hauri CP. Generation of 0.9-mJ THz pulses in DSTMS pumped by a Cr:Mg₂SiO₄ laser. Opt Lett 2014; 39:6632-5. [PMID: 25490639 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.006632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We report on high-field terahertz transients with 0.9-mJ pulse energy produced in a 400 mm² partitioned organic crystal by optical rectification of a 30-mJ laser pulse centered at 1.25 μm wavelength. The phase-locked single-cycle terahertz pulses cover the hard-to-access low-frequency range between 0.1 and 5 THz and carry peak fields of more than 42 MV/cm and 14 Tesla with the potential to reach over 80 MV/cm by choosing appropriate focusing optics. The scheme based on a Cr:Mg₂SiO₄ laser offers a high conversion efficiency of 3% using uncooled organic crystal. The collimated pump laser configuration provides excellent terahertz focusing conditions.
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Trisorio A, Divall M, Monoszlai B, Vicario C, Hauri CP. Intense sub-two-cycle infrared pulse generation via phase-mismatched cascaded nonlinear interaction in DAST crystal. Opt Lett 2014; 39:2660-2663. [PMID: 24784071 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.002660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Octave-spanning, 12.5 fs, (1.9 cycle) pulses with 115 μJ energy in the short-wavelength mid-infrared spectral range (1-2.5 μm) have been generated via phase-mismatched cascaded nonlinear frequency conversion using organic DAST (4-N, N-dimethylamino-4'-N'-methylstilbazolium tosylate) crystal. Such ultrafast cascading effect is ensured by the interaction of a pump pulse with the exceptionally large effective nonlinearity of the DAST crystal and experiencing nonresonant, strongly phase-mismatched, Kerr-like negative nonlinearity.
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Kubacka T, Johnson JA, Hoffmann MC, Vicario C, de Jong S, Beaud P, Grubel S, Huang SW, Huber L, Patthey L, Chuang YD, Turner JJ, Dakovski GL, Lee WS, Minitti MP, Schlotter W, Moore RG, Hauri CP, Koohpayeh SM, Scagnoli V, Ingold G, Johnson SL, Staub U. Large-Amplitude Spin Dynamics Driven by a THz Pulse in Resonance with an Electromagnon. Science 2014; 343:1333-6. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1242862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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22
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Vicario C, Monoszlai B, Lombosi C, Mareczko A, Courjaud A, Fülöp JA, Hauri CP. Pump pulse width and temperature effects in lithium niobate for efficient THz generation. Opt Lett 2013; 38:5373-5376. [PMID: 24322261 DOI: 10.1364/ol.38.005373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present a study on THz generation in lithium niobate pumped by a powerful and versatile Yb:CaF(2) laser. The unique laser system delivers transform-limited pulses of variable duration (0.38-0.65 ps) with pulse energies up to 15 mJ and center wavelength of 1030 nm. From previous theoretical investigations, it is expected that such laser parameters are ideally suited for efficient THz generation. Here, we present experimental results on both the conversion efficiency and the THz spectral shape for variable pump pulse durations and for different crystal temperatures, down to 25 K. We experimentally verify the optimum pump parameters for the most efficient and broadband THz generation.
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Monoszlai B, Vicario C, Jazbinsek M, Hauri CP. High-energy terahertz pulses from organic crystals: DAST and DSTMS pumped at Ti:sapphire wavelength. Opt Lett 2013; 38:5106-5109. [PMID: 24281521 DOI: 10.1364/ol.38.005106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
High-energy terahertz pulses are produced by optical rectification (OR) in organic crystals 4-dimethylamino-N-methyl-4-stilbazolium tosylate (DAST) and 4-N, N-dimethylamino-4'-N'-methyl-stilbazolium 2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonate (DSTMS) by a Ti:sapphire amplifier system with 0.8 μm central wavelength. The simple scheme provides broadband spectra between 1 and 5 THz, when pumped by a collimated 60 fs near-IR pump pulse, and it is scalable in energy. Fluence-dependent conversion efficiency and damage threshold are reported, as well as optimized OR at visible wavelengths.
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Vicario C, Trisorio A, Arisholm G, Hauri CP. Deep-ultraviolet picosecond flat-top pulses by chirp-matched sum frequency generation. Opt Lett 2012; 37:1619-1621. [PMID: 22627515 DOI: 10.1364/ol.37.001619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Picosecond, flat-top, deep-UV pulses are needed to generate high-brightness electron beams to efficiently drive x-ray free electron lasers. Current metal photocathodes have low efficiency and therefore require high-energy pulses, and the generation of high-energy, flat-top pulses in the deep UV is still challenging. The low efficiencies of both the harmonic generation and deep-UV pulse shapers restrict the accessible pulse energy. Moreover, the acceptance bandwidth of the harmonic generation limits the minimum rise time of the flat-top profile. We present the generation of few-hundred microjoule, picosecond, deep-UV pulses using chirp-matched sum frequency generation. This scheme combined with IR spectral manipulation is a novel approach for deep-UV pulse shaping. It permits flat-top pulses with high energy and fast rise time, highly suited for high-brightness photoelectron beam production.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vicario
- Paul Scherrer Institute SwissFEL, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
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Labat M, Bellaveglia M, Bougeard M, Carré B, Ciocci F, Chiadroni E, Cianchi A, Couprie ME, Cultrera L, Del Franco M, Di Pirro G, Drago A, Ferrario M, Filippetto D, Frassetto F, Gallo A, Garzella D, Gatti G, Giannessi L, Lambert G, Mostacci A, Petralia A, Petrillo V, Poletto L, Quattromini M, Rau JV, Ronsivalle C, Sabia E, Serluca M, Spassovsky I, Surrenti V, Vaccarezza C, Vicario C. High-gain harmonic-generation free-electron laser seeded by harmonics generated in gas. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:224801. [PMID: 22182029 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.224801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The injection of a seed in a free-electron laser (FEL) amplifier reduces the saturation length and improves the longitudinal coherence. A cascaded FEL, operating in the high-gain harmonic-generation regime, allows us to extend the beneficial effects of the seed to shorter wavelengths. We report on the first operation of a high-gain harmonic-generation free-electron laser, seeded with harmonics generated in gas. The third harmonics of a Ti:sapphire laser, generated in a gas cell, has been amplified and up-converted to its second harmonic (λ(rad)=133 nm) in a FEL cascaded configuration based on a variable number of modulators and radiators. We studied the transition between coherent harmonic generation and superradiant regime, optimizing the laser performances with respect to the number of modulators and radiators.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Labat
- ENEA C.R. Frascati, Via E. Fermi, 45 00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy
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26
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Giannessi L, Bacci A, Bellaveglia M, Briquez F, Castellano M, Chiadroni E, Cianchi A, Ciocci F, Couprie ME, Cultrera L, Dattoli G, Filippetto D, Del Franco M, Di Pirro G, Ferrario M, Ficcadenti L, Frassetto F, Gallo A, Gatti G, Labat M, Marcus G, Moreno M, Mostacci A, Pace E, Petralia A, Petrillo V, Poletto L, Quattromini M, Rau JV, Ronsivalle C, Rosenzweig J, Rossi AR, Rossi Albertini V, Sabia E, Serluca M, Spampinati S, Spassovsky I, Spataro B, Surrenti V, Vaccarezza C, Vicario C. Self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron laser with an energy-chirped electron beam and undulator tapering. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 106:144801. [PMID: 21561195 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.144801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report the first experimental implementation of a method based on simultaneous use of an energy chirp in the electron beam and a tapered undulator, for the generation of ultrashort pulses in a self-amplified spontaneous emission mode free-electron laser (SASE FEL). The experiment, performed at the SPARC FEL test facility, demonstrates the possibility of compensating the nominally detrimental effect of the chirp by a proper taper of the undulator gaps. An increase of more than 1 order of magnitude in the pulse energy is observed in comparison to the untapered case, accompanied by FEL spectra where the typical SASE spiking is suppressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Giannessi
- ENEA C.R. Frascati, Via E. Fermi,45 00044 Frascati (RM), Italy.
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27
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Musumeci P, Cultrera L, Ferrario M, Filippetto D, Gatti G, Gutierrez MS, Moody JT, Moore N, Rosenzweig JB, Scoby CM, Travish G, Vicario C. Multiphoton photoemission from a copper cathode illuminated by ultrashort laser pulses in an RF photoinjector. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 104:084801. [PMID: 20366937 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.084801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter we report on the use of ultrashort infrared laser pulses to generate a copious amount of electrons by a copper cathode in an rf photoinjector. The charge yield verifies the generalized Fowler-Dubridge theory for multiphoton photoemission. The emission is verified to be prompt using a two pulse autocorrelation technique. The thermal emittance associated with the excess kinetic energy from the emission process is comparable with the one measured using frequency tripled uv laser pulses. In the high field of the rf gun, up to 50 pC of charge can be extracted from the cathode using a 80 fs long, 2 microJ, 800 nm pulse focused to a 140 mum rms spot size. Taking into account the efficiency of harmonic conversion, illuminating a cathode directly with ir laser pulses can be the most efficient way to employ the available laser power.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Musumeci
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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Ferrario M, Alesini D, Bacci A, Bellaveglia M, Boni R, Boscolo M, Castellano M, Chiadroni E, Cianchi A, Cultrera L, Di Pirro G, Ficcadenti L, Filippetto D, Fusco V, Gallo A, Gatti G, Giannessi L, Labat M, Marchetti B, Marrelli C, Migliorati M, Mostacci A, Pace E, Palumbo L, Quattromini M, Ronsivalle C, Rossi AR, Rosenzweig J, Serafini L, Serluca M, Spataro B, Vaccarezza C, Vicario C. Experimental demonstration of emittance compensation with velocity bunching. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 104:054801. [PMID: 20366769 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.054801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter we report the first experiments aimed at the simultaneous demonstration of the emittance compensation process and velocity bunching in a high brightness electron source, the SPARC photoinjector in INFN-LNF. While a maximum compression ratio up to a factor 14 has been observed, in a particular case of interest a compression factor of 3, yielding a slice current of 120 A with less than 2 microm slice emittance, has been measured. This technique may be crucial in achieving high brightness beams in photoinjectors aiming at optimized performance of short wavelength single-pass free electron lasers or other advanced applications in laser-plasma accelerators.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ferrario
- INFN-LNF, Via Enrico Fermi, 40-00044 Frascati, Rome, Italy
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de la Piedra C, Vicario C, de Acuña LR, García-Moreno C, Traba ML, Arlandis S, Marco F, López-Durán L. Osteoinductive effect of bone bank allografts on human osteoblasts in culture. J Orthop Res 2008; 26:200-7. [PMID: 17853479 DOI: 10.1002/jor.20466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Incorporation of a human bone allograft requires osteoclast activity and growth of recipient osteoblasts. The aim of this work was to study the effects produced by autoclavated and -80 degrees C frozen bone allografts on osteoblast proliferation and synthesis of interleukin 6 (IL6), activator of bone resorption, aminoterminal propeptide of procollagen I (PINP), marker of bone matrix formation, and osteoprotegerin (OPG), inhibitor of osteoclast activity and differentiation. Allografts were obtained from human femoral heads. Human osteoblasts were cultured in the presence (problem group) or in the absence (control group) of allografts during 15 days. Allografts produced a decrease in osteoblast proliferation in the first week of the experiment, and an increase in IL6 mRNA, both at 3 h and 2 days, and an increase in the IL6 released to the culture medium the second day of the experiment. We found a decrease in OPG released to the culture on the 2nd and fourth days. These results suggest an increase in bone resorption and a decrease in bone formation in the first week of the experiment. In the second week, allografts produced an increase in osteoblast proliferation and PINP release to the culture medium, indicating an increase in bone formation; an increase in OPG released to the culture medium, which would indicate a decrease in bone resorption; and a decrease in IL6, indicating a decrease in bone resorption stimulation. These results demonstrate that autoclavated and -80 degrees C frozen bone allografts produce in bone environment changes that regulate their own incorporation to the recipient bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepción de la Piedra
- Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Osea, Avenida Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Ferrario M, Alesini D, Bacci A, Bellaveglia M, Boni R, Boscolo M, Castellano M, Catani L, Chiadroni E, Cialdi S, Cianchi A, Clozza A, Cultrera L, Di Pirro G, Drago A, Esposito A, Ficcadenti L, Filippetto D, Fusco V, Gallo A, Gatti G, Ghigo A, Giannessi L, Ligi C, Mattioli M, Migliorati M, Mostacci A, Musumeci P, Pace E, Palumbo L, Pellegrino L, Petrarca M, Quattromini M, Ricci R, Ronsivalle C, Rosenzweig J, Rossi AR, Sanelli C, Serafini L, Serio M, Sgamma F, Spataro B, Tazzioli F, Tomassini S, Vaccarezza C, Vescovi M, Vicario C. Direct measurement of the double emittance minimum in the beam dynamics of the sparc high-brightness photoinjector. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:234801. [PMID: 18233375 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.234801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter we report the first experimental observation of the double emittance minimum effect in the beam dynamics of high-brightness electron beam generation by photoinjectors; this effect, as predicted by the theory, is crucial in achieving minimum emittance in photoinjectors aiming at producing electron beams for short wavelength single-pass free electron lasers. The experiment described in this Letter was performed at the SPARC photoinjector site, during the first stage of commissioning of the SPARC project. The experiment was made possible by a newly conceived device, called an emittance meter, which allows a detailed and unprecedented study of the emittance compensation process as the beam propagates along the beam pipe.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ferrario
- INFN-LNF, Via E. Fermi, 40-00044 Frascati, Rome, Italy
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Cialdi S, Vicario C, Petrarca M, Musumeci P. Simple scheme for ultraviolet time-pulse shaping. Appl Opt 2007; 46:4959-62. [PMID: 17676101 DOI: 10.1364/ao.46.004959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We present a method to generate high-energy flat-top UV laser pulses such as the ones needed to optimally drive high-brightness radio-frequency photoinjectors. In this scheme we believe to be novel, the longitudinal profile of a laser pulse from a Ti:sapphire master oscillator power amplifier system is controlled using a mechanical mask in the Fourier plane of a 4f stretcher located after the harmonic conversion crystals. Such a scheme allows us to overcome many of the difficulties faced by current state-of-the-art pulse-shaping designs. These are in fact based on various versions of preamplifier infrared shapers and hence suffer from the limitations set by the nonlinearities of chirped-pulse amplification and harmonic conversion. Beyond the clear advantages of simplicity and robustness, the proposed solution offers the possibility to deliver a pulse with very short rise and fall times and to freely change the output pulse length. We also note that, after proper calibration between spectral and temporal profiles, the shaper optical setup offers the possibility to retrieve the longitudinal profile of the laser pulse on a shot-to-shot basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cialdi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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Vicario C, de Juan J, Esclarin A, Alcobendas M. Treatment of deep wound infections after spinal fusion with a vacuum-assisted device in patients with spinal cord injury. Acta Orthop Belg 2007; 73:102-6. [PMID: 17441666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative wound infection is a severe complication after spinal instrumentation, especially in a patient with spinal injury. We used vacuum-assisted wound closure (VAC) in two patients with spinal cord injury, who presented deep wound infection after spinal instrumentation and were treated with an aggressive irrigation and debridement procedure. Three and four weeks after VAC application, the hardware was completely covered by granulation tissue and a secondary closure was undertaken. No significant complications were observed. Six months after secondary closure, the wounds remained healed, no signs of instrumentation loosening, haloing or lysis around the instrumentation were observed, and patients had completed their rehabilitation program and were discharged from hospital. Vacuum assisted wound closure appears as an excellent option in the treatment of deep wound infections after spinal instrumentation in patients with spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Vicario
- Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Hospital Nuestra Señora del Prado, Talavera de la Reina, Toledo, Spain.
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Cialdi S, Petrarca M, Vicario C. High-power third-harmonic flat pulse laser generation. Opt Lett 2006; 31:2885-7. [PMID: 16969411 DOI: 10.1364/ol.31.002885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The generation of a high-power laser pulse at 266 nm that is longitudinally shaped according to a prefixed intensity profile is reported. The main features of the pulse shape modifications due to second- and third-harmonic conversions are measured, and the results are in good agreement with the theory. The UV temporal shape depends on the chirp of the fundamental pulse and on the crystal phase-matching angle. Exploiting the large stretching imposed on the third-harmonic signal, we show that the pulse intensity profile can be obtained by spectral single-shot measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cialdi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Milan, Italy
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Vicario C, Lopez-Oliva F, Sánchez-Lorente T, Zimmermann M, Asenjo-Siguero J, Ladero F, Ibarzábal A. Artrodesis cervical anterior mediante implante de tantalio: Resultados clínicos y radiológicos. Neurocirugia (Astur) 2006. [DOI: 10.4321/s1130-14732006000200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Vicario C, Lopez-Oliva F, Sánchez-Lorente T, Zimmermann M, Asenjo-Siguero JJ, Ladero F, Ibarzábal A. [Anterior cervical fusion with tantalum interbody implants. Clinical and radiological results in a prospective study]. Neurocirugia (Astur) 2006; 17:132-9; discussion 139. [PMID: 16721480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Anterior cervical discectomy and interbody fusion (ACDF) is a widely accepted surgical technique in the treatment of cervical disc disease. Tantalum cages have been recently introduced in spine surgery for interbody fusion because of the advantages of their mechanical properties. We present the results of a prospective clinical and radiological study on 24 consecutive patients who underwent an ACDF with tantalum cages. Clinical evaluation was assessed preoperatively and after surgery by a questionnaire that included a Visual Analogic Scale (VAS) of neck and arm pain, the Oswestry Disability Index and the Zung Depression Scale. Results were classified by Odom's criteria. Radiological evaluation included flexion-extension X-rays, and changes in distance between spinous processes and Cobb angle were measured. Postoperatively patients were reviewed 3 and 12 months after surgery. A statistical significative improvement in all clinical data was reported. According to Odom's criteria in 75% of patients the results were considered like excellent or good. Only one case of radiological and clinical pseudoarthrosis was confirmed. No significative differences were reported 3 and 12 months after surgery. Tantalum cages are a very promising and usefull alternative among implants available for ACDF. Compatibility with MRI postoperative studies and the unnecessariness of autograft are some of their advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vicario
- Unidad de columna, Centro de Rehabilitación FREMAP, Majadahonda, Madrid
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Vicario C. Re: Necrosis of the femoral head after fixation of trochanteric fractures with Gamma Locking Nail. A cause of late mechanical failure. Injury 2006; 37:91-2; author reply 92-3. [PMID: 16310194 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2005.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2005] [Accepted: 08/25/2005] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Vicario C, Lopez-Oliva F, Sánchez-Lorente T, Asenjo-Siguero J, Ladero F, Ibarzábal A, Zimmermann M. Artrodesis cervical anterior mediante implante de tantalio. Resultados clínicos y radiológicos. Neurocirugia (Astur) 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1130-1473(06)70354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Andonian G, Murokh A, Rosenzweig JB, Agustsson R, Babzien M, Ben-Zvi I, Frigola P, Huang JY, Palumbo L, Pellegrini C, Reiche S, Travish G, Vicario C, Yakimenko V. Observation of anomalously large spectral bandwidth in a high-gain self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron laser. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 95:054801. [PMID: 16090882 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.054801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Observation of ultrawide bandwidth, up to 15% full-width, high-gain operation of a self-amplified spontaneous emission free-election laser (SASE FEL) is reported. This type of lasing is obtained with a strongly chirped beam (deltaE/E approximately 1.7%) emitted from the accelerator. Because of nonlinear pulse compression during transport, a short, high current bunch with strong mismatch errors is injected into the undulator, giving high FEL gain. Start-to-end simulations reproduce key features of the measurements and provide insight into mechanisms, such as angular spread in emitted photon and electron trajectory distributions, which yield novel features in the radiation spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Andonian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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Vicario C, Marco F, Ortega L, Alcobendas M, Dominguez I, López-Durán L. Necrosis of the femoral head after fixation of trochanteric fractures with Gamma Locking Nail. A cause of late mechanical failure. Injury 2003; 34:129-34. [PMID: 12565020 DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1383(02)00171-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cut-out of the lag screw after fixation of trochanteric fractures with intramedullary devices like the Gamma Locking Nail is a well documented cause of late mechanical failure. Avascular necrosis of the femoral head after trochanteric fractures is an uncommon complication and several causes have been described. As far as we know, the relation of the mechanical failure of fracture fixation and avascular necrosis of the femoral head in trochanteric fractures has never been described. We present a study of six consecutive patients who underwent arthroplasty after cut-out of the lag screw fixation of a trochanteric fracture with Gamma Locking Nail. All six femoral heads were studied histologically and a clinical retrospective study was also performed. In all cases, we found homogeneous avascular necrosis of the femoral head; in all but one, revascularisation was present in every area examined. We suggest that after fixation of these trochanteric fractures with the Gamma Locking Nail, there is a transitory ischaemia, if the revascularisation is not enough to provide a strong support for the lag screw, it may result in late mechanical failure in these fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vicario
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
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Abstract
The effect of lactate on glucose metabolism in neurons and astrocytes from primary culture has been studied. The rates of glucose metabolism through the pentose-phosphate shunt, the pyruvate dehydrogenase-catalyzed reaction, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, the total lipogenesis and the synthesis of glycerol-borne lipids in astrocytes were 2-3 fold higher than in neurons. However, the rate of glucose incorporation into sterols and esterified fatty acids was similar in both types of cells. Total glucose utilization was inhibited by lactate to the same extend in both neurons and astrocytes. Lactate strongly inhibited glucose oxidation through the pyruvate dehydrogenase-catalyzed reaction and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, in both neurons (60 and 44%, respectively) and astrocytes (64 and 62%, respectively). Glucose incorporation into sterols and fatty acids was also inhibited by lactate in both neurons and astrocytes (57 and 76%, respectively) while the oxidation of glucose in the pentose-phosphate shunt and the synthesis of glycerol-borne lipids was not significantly affected. These results suggest that in the presence of lactate both neurons and astrocytes can utilize lactate as the major metabolic substrate, sparing glucose for the synthesis of NADPH(H+), ribose-5-phosphate and/or glycerol-borne lipids. An interaction between glucose and lactate metabolism at the level of the pyruvate dehydrogenase-catalyzed reaction is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tabernero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain
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Coppola L, Giunta R, Verrazzo G, Luongo C, Sammartino A, Vicario C, Giugliano D. Influence of ozone on haemoglobin oxygen affinity in type-2 diabetic patients with peripheral vascular disease: in vitro studies. Diabete Metab 1995; 21:252-5. [PMID: 8529759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The use of ozone in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is increasing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of ozone on haemoglobin oxygen affinity in Type-2 diabetic patients with PVD. Twenty diabetic patients presenting with PVD (Clinical stage II-IV according to Fontaine) and 20 non-diabetic healthy matched subjects were studied. In both groups, aliquots of blood were ozonised with mixtures of oxygen-ozone (O2-O3) to reach end-concentrations of 6.5, 13, 26 and 78 micrograms O3 per ml of substrate. At baseline, diabetic patients presented significantly lower haemoglobin oxygen affinity values but higher plasma levels of free haemoglobin and malonyldialdehyde (MDA) than controls. In both diabetic patients and controls, exposure of blood to ozone reduced haemoglobin oxygen affinity in an "all-or-none" fashion, without changing 2-3, diphosphoglycerate concentrations in erythrocytes. Both free haemoglobin and MDA concentrations showed significant, dose-dependent increases after blood ozonisation. Thus, ozone caused a significant increase in oxygen unloading of haemoglobin in both normal subjects and Type-2 diabetic patients with PVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Coppola
- Department of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, Second University of Naples, Italy
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Abstract
The possible role played by albumin in regulating brain metabolism during development has been studied. The effects of fatty acid-free BSA on lactate, glucose, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and glutamine oxidation and lipogenesis by rat neurons and astrocytes from primary culture were studied. The rate of lactate oxidation and lipogenesis by neurons and astrocytes in the presence of BSA greatly exceeded that observed for glucose, 3-hydroxybutyrate, or glutamine, suggesting that lactate may be a key substrate for brain development. BSA strongly stimulated the rate of lactate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and glutamine incorporation into lipids in both neurons (677%, 726%, and 250%, respectively) and astrocytes (415%, 393%, and 215%, respectively), possibly by binding long-chain acyl-CoA excesses, potent inhibitors of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. However, BSA decreased the rate of lipogenesis from glucose in both neurons (34%) and astrocytes (55%), probably by inhibiting glycerol-borne phospholipid synthesis. BSA significantly increased the rates of lactate (61%) and glucose (32%) oxidation by astrocytes but not those of 3-hydroxybutyrate and glutamine, suggesting that BSA may stimulate pyruvate oxidation. However, in neurons BSA did not affect the rate of oxidation of any of the substrates tested, which suggests that pyruvate oxidation is regulated differently in neurons and astrocytes. The results suggest that lactate is the most important substrate for both neurons and astrocytes, stressing the role played by lactate in brain development. Our results also suggest that serum albumin may control brain development by fostering metabolism for growth and differentiation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vicario
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain
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Luongo C, Vicario C, Sammartino A, Carbone A, Lettieri B, Diana DP. [Hyperbaric emergency: concepts of physiopathology]. Minerva Anestesiol 1992; 58:835-6. [PMID: 1461468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Luongo
- Istituto di Anestesia, Rianimazione, Terapia Intensiva e Terapia Iperbarica, Università degli studi di Napoli
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Abstract
The metabolism of lactate in isolated cells from early neonatal rat brain has been studied. In these circumstances, lactate was mainly oxidized to CO2, although a significant portion was incorporated into lipids (78% sterols, 4% phosphatidylcholine, 2% phosphatidylethanolamine, and 1% phosphatidylserine). The rate of lactate incorporation into CO2 and lipids was higher than those found for glucose and 3-hydroxybutyrate. Lactate strongly inhibited glucose oxidation through the pyruvate dehydrogenase-catalyzed reaction and the tricarboxylic acid cycle while scarcely affecting glucose utilization by the pentose phosphate pathway. Lipogenesis from glucose was strongly inhibited by lactate without relevant changes in the rate of glycerol phosphate synthesis. These results suggest that lactate inhibits glucose utilization at the level of the pyruvate dehydrogenase-catalyzed reaction, which may be a mechanism to spare glucose for glycerol and NADPH synthesis. The effect of 3-hydroxybutyrate inhibiting lactate utilization only at high concentrations of 3-hydroxybutyrate suggests that before ketogenesis becomes active, lactate may be the major fuel for the neonatal brain. (-)-Hydroxycitrate and aminooxyacetate markedly inhibited lipogenesis from lactate, suggesting that the transfer of lactate carbons through the mitochondrial membrane is accomplished by the translocation of both citrate and N-acetylaspartate.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vicario
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain
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Luongo C, Mignini R, Vicario C, Sammartino A. [Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the treatment of benign intracranial hypertension. Follow-up of a preliminary study]. Minerva Anestesiol 1992; 58:97-8. [PMID: 1620473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Preliminary experience of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) in the treatment of benign intracranial hypertension (BIH) is reported. Fifty-three patients with BIH were observed. They were treated with antiedema non steroid drugs plus rachicentesis, with steroid drugs plus rachicentesis, with lumbar peritoneal shunt and only 8 with HBO. Each patient underwent HBO with 100% oxygen at 2 atmospheres absolute a day for 15 days. In all patients a gradual disappearance of signs and symptoms of elevated intracranial pressure was observed. No lasting effect of treatment were seen after concluding therapy. The effect of HBO in the treatment of BIH has not yet been clarified, but the results can encourage further experience and studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Luongo
- Istituto di Neurochirurgia, I Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
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Luongo C, Vicario C, Sequino A, Grella A. [The use of hyperbaric oxygenation in emergencies and disasters]. Minerva Anestesiol 1991; 57:1732. [PMID: 1795833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Luongo
- I. Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Servizio di Terapia Iperbarica, Napoli
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Abstract
The utilization of lactate, glucose, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and glutamine has been studied in isolated brain cells from early newborn rats. Isolated brain cells actively utilized these substrates, showing saturation at concentrations near physiological levels during the perinatal period. The rate of lactate utilization was 2.5-fold greater than that observed for glucose, 3-hydroxybutyrate, or glutamine, suggesting that lactate is the main metabolic substrate for the brain immediately after birth. The apparent Km for glucose utilization suggested that this process is limited by the activity of hexokinase. However, lactate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and glutamine utilization seems to be limited by their transport through the plasma membrane. The presence of fatty acid-free bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the incubation medium significantly increased the rate of lipogenesis from lactate or 3-hydroxybutyrate, although this was balanced by the decrease in their rates of oxidation in the same circumstances. BSA did not affect the rate of glucose utilization. The effect of BSA was due not to the removal of free fatty acid, but possibly to the binding of long-chain acyl-CoA, resulting in the disinhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and citrate carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vicario
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain
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Luongo C, Vicario C, Mignini R, Gianuario L, Sammartino A, Portolano F. [Hyperbaric oxygenation as primary therapeutic choice in benign intracranial hypertension]. Minerva Anestesiol 1991; 57:960-1. [PMID: 1961570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Gianuario L, Luongo C, Vicario C, Chiefari M, Lettieri B, Bimonte D. [The ketamine-propofol combination in the voluntary termination of pregnancy]. Minerva Anestesiol 1991; 57:554-5. [PMID: 1798481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Gianuario
- Istituto di Anestesia e Rianimazione, 1. Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Napoli
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Carbone A, Indiani R, Luongo C, Vicario C, Primerano B. [Criteria for the selection of the spinal needle in young and elderly patients: our experience with the incidence of headache after subarachnoid puncture]. Minerva Anestesiol 1991; 57:499-500. [PMID: 1798456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Carbone
- I Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Istituto di Anestesia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Federico II
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