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Basu M, Fucile C, Piepenbrink MS, Bunce CA, Man LX, Liesveld J, Rosenberg AF, Keefer MC, Kobie JJ. Mixed Origins: HIV gp120-Specific Memory Develops from Pre-Existing Memory and Naive B Cells Following Vaccination in Humans. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2023. [PMID: 36762930 PMCID: PMC10398743 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2022.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The most potent and broad HIV envelope (Env)-specific antibodies often when reverted to their inferred germline versions representing the naive B cell receptor, fail to bind Env, suggesting that the initial responding B cell population not only exclusively comprises a naive population, but also a pre-existing cross-reactive antigen-experienced B cell pool that expands following Env exposure. Previously we isolated gp120-reactive monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from participants in HVTN 105, an HIV vaccine trial. Using deep sequencing, focused on immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA, and IgM, VH-lineage tracking, we identified four of these mAb lineages in pre-immune peripheral blood. We also looked through the ∼7 month postvaccination bone marrow, and interestingly, several of these lineages that were found in prevaccination blood were still persistent in the postvaccination bone marrow, including the CD138+ long-lived plasma cell compartment. The majority of the pre-immune lineage members included IgM, however, IgG and IgA members were also prevalent and exhibited somatic hypermutation. These results suggest that vaccine-induced gp120-specific antibody lineages originate from both naive and cross-reactive memory B cells. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02207920.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhubanti Basu
- Infectious Diseases Division, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Christopher Fucile
- Informatics Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Michael S Piepenbrink
- Infectious Diseases Division, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Catherine A Bunce
- Infectious Diseases Division, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Li-Xing Man
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Jane Liesveld
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Alexander F Rosenberg
- Informatics Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Michael C Keefer
- Infectious Diseases Division, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - James J Kobie
- Infectious Diseases Division, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Basu M, Piepenbrink MS, Francois C, Roche F, Zheng B, Spencer DA, Hessell AJ, Fucile CF, Rosenberg AF, Bunce CA, Liesveld J, Keefer MC, Kobie JJ. Persistence of HIV-1 Env-Specific Plasmablast Lineages in Plasma Cells after Vaccination in Humans. Cell Rep Med 2020; 1:100015. [PMID: 32577626 PMCID: PMC7311075 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Induction of persistent HIV-1 Envelope (Env) specific antibody (Ab) is a primary goal of HIV vaccine strategies; however, it is unclear whether HIV Env immunization in humans induces bone marrow plasma cells, the presumed source of long-lived systemic Ab. To define the features of Env-specific plasma cells after vaccination, samples were obtained from HVTN 105, a phase I trial testing the same gp120 protein immunogen, AIDSVAX B/E, used in RV144, along with a DNA immunogen in various prime and boost strategies. Boosting regimens that included AIDSVAX B/E induced robust peripheral blood plasmablast responses. The Env-specific immunoglobulin repertoire of the plasmablasts is dominated by VH1 gene usage and targeting of the V3 region. Numerous plasmablast-derived immunoglobulin lineages persisted in the bone marrow >8 months after immunization, including in the CD138+ long-lived plasma cell compartment. These findings identify a cellular linkage for the development of sustained Env-specific Abs following vaccination in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhubanti Basu
- Infectious Diseases Division, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Bo Zheng
- Infectious Diseases Division, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - David A. Spencer
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Ann J. Hessell
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | | | | | - Catherine A. Bunce
- Infectious Diseases Division, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jane Liesveld
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Michael C. Keefer
- Infectious Diseases Division, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - James J. Kobie
- Infectious Diseases Division, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Stephenson KE, Keefer MC, Bunce CA, Frances D, Abbink P, Maxfield LF, Neubauer GH, Nkolola J, Peter L, Lane C, Park H, Verlinde C, Lombardo A, Yallop C, Havenga M, Fast P, Treanor J, Barouch DH. First-in-human randomized controlled trial of an oral, replicating adenovirus 26 vector vaccine for HIV-1. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205139. [PMID: 30427829 PMCID: PMC6235250 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Live, attenuated viral vectors that express HIV-1 antigens are being investigated as an approach to generating durable immune responses against HIV-1 in humans. We recently developed a replication-competent, highly attenuated Ad26 vector that expresses mosaic HIV-1 Env (rcAd26.MOS1.HIV-Env, "rcAd26"). Here we present the results of a first-in-human, placebo-controlled clinical trial to test the safety, immunogenicity and mucosal shedding of rcAd26 given orally. METHODS Healthy adults were randomly assigned to receive a single oral dose of vaccine or placebo at 5:1 ratio in a dosage escalation of 10^8 to 10^11 rcAd26 VP (nominal doses) at University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA. Participants were isolated and monitored for reactogenicity for 10 days post-vaccination, and adverse events were recorded up to day 112. Rectal and oropharyngeal secretions were evaluated for shedding of the vaccine. Humoral and cellular immune responses were measured. Household contacts were monitored for secondary vaccine transmission. RESULTS We enrolled 22 participants and 11 household contacts between February 7 and June 24, 2015. 18 participants received one dose of HIV-1 vaccine and 4 participants received placebo. The vaccine caused only mild to moderate adverse events. No vaccine-related SAEs were observed. No infectious rcAd26 viral particles were detected in rectal or oropharyngeal secretions from any participant. Env-specific ELISA and ELISPOT responses were undetectable. No household contacts developed vaccine-induced HIV-1 seropositivity or vaccine-associated illness. CONCLUSIONS The highly attenuated rcAd26.MOS1.HIV-Env vaccine was well tolerated up to 10^11 VP in healthy, HIV-1-uninfected adults, though the single dose was poorly immunogenic suggesting the replicative capacity of the vector was too attenuated. There was no evidence of shedding of infectious virus or secondary vaccine transmission following the isolation period. These data suggest the use of less attenuated viral vectors in future studies of live, oral HIV-1 vaccines. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02366013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E. Stephenson
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Michael C. Keefer
- University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Catherine A. Bunce
- University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Doreen Frances
- University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Peter Abbink
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lori F. Maxfield
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - George H. Neubauer
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Joseph Nkolola
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lauren Peter
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Christopher Lane
- University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Harriet Park
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Carl Verlinde
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Angela Lombardo
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New York, New York, United States of America
| | | | | | - Patricia Fast
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - John Treanor
- University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Dan H. Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Alio AP, Lewis CA, Bunce CA, Wakefield S, Thomas WG, Sanders E, Keefer MC. Capacity building among african american faith leaders to promote HIV prevention and vaccine research. Prog Community Health Partnersh 2015; 8:305-16. [PMID: 25435557 DOI: 10.1353/cpr.2014.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In light of the increasing rates of HIV infection in African Americans, it is essential that black faith leaders become more proactive in the fight against the epidemic. The study aim was to engage faith leaders in a sustainable partnership to increase community participation in preventive HIV vaccine clinical research while improving their access to and utilization of HIV/AIDS prevention services. METHOD Leadership Development Seminars were adapted for faith leaders in Rochester, NY, with topics ranging from the importance of preventive HIV vaccine research to social issues surrounding HIV/AIDs within a theological framework. Seminars were taught by field-specific experts from the black community and included the development of action plans to institute HIV preventive ministries. To assess the outcome of the Seminars, baseline and post-training surveys were administered and analyzed through paired sample t Tests and informal interviews. RESULTS 19 faith leaders completed the intervention. In general, the majority of clergy felt that their understanding of HIV vaccine research and its goals had increased postintervention. A critical outcome was the subsequent formation of the Rochester Faith Collaborative by participating clergy seeking to sustain the collaborative and address the implementation of community action plans. CONCLUSION Providing scientific HIV/AIDS knowledge within the context of clergy members' belief structure was an effective method for engaging black Church leaders in Rochester, NY. Collaborative efforts with various local institutions and community-based organizations were essential in building trust with the faith leaders, thereby building bridges for better understanding of HIV/AIDS prevention efforts, including HIV vaccine research.
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Alio AP, Fields SD, Humes DL, Bunce CA, Wallace SE, Lewis C, Elder H, Wakefield S, Keefer MC. Project VOGUE: A partnership for increasing HIV knowledge and HIV vaccine trial awareness among House Ball leaders in Western New York. J Gay Lesbian Soc Serv 2014; 26:336-354. [PMID: 25642120 PMCID: PMC4308092 DOI: 10.1080/10538720.2014.924892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Men who sleep with men (MSM) and transgender individuals of color, the largest demographic in the House Ball community (HBC) are amongst the group at highest risk for HIV infection in the United States. The HBC have limited access to culturally appropriate HIV education. This study aimed to develop a partnership with HBC leaders to uncover strategies for increasing HIV prevention knowledge, including participation in HIV vaccine trials. To this end a research institution-community-HBC partnership was established. In-depth qualitative and quantitative data were collected from the 14 HBC leaders in western New York, revealing that knowledge of HIV and related vaccine trials was limited. Barriers to increasing HIV knowledge included fear of peer judgment, having inaccurate information about HIV, and lack of education. Among the HBC, community partnerships will further aid in the development of future HIV prevention programs and increase individuals' willingness to participate in future HIV vaccine trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina P Alio
- University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Department of Public Health Sciences
| | - Sheldon D Fields
- Florida International University, College of Nursing and Health Sciences
| | | | - Catherine A Bunce
- University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases
| | | | - Cindi Lewis
- University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Department of Public Health Sciences
| | - Heather Elder
- University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Department of Public Health Sciences
| | | | - Michael C Keefer
- University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases
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Lewis CA, Dewhurst S, McMahon JM, Bunce CA, Keefer MC, Alio AP. Theoretical model of critical issues in informed consent in HIV vaccine trials. AIDS Care 2014; 26:1452-60. [PMID: 24865892 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2014.920074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The informed consent process (ICP) for HIV vaccine trials poses unique challenges and would benefit from improvements to its historically based structure and format. Here, we propose a theoretical framework that provides a basis for systematically evaluating and addressing these challenges. The proposed framework follows a linear pathway, starting with the precondition of voluntariness, three main variables of valid decision-making (competency, provision of information and understanding) and then the consequential outcome of either refusal or consent to participate. The existing literature reveals that culturally appropriate provision of information and resultant understanding by the vaccine trial participant are among the most significant factors influencing the authenticity of valid decision-making, though they may be overridden by other considerations, such as individual altruism, mistrust, and HIV-related stigma. Community collaborations to foster bidirectional transmission of information and more culturally tailored consenting materials, therefore, represent a key opportunity to enhance the ICP. By providing a visual synopsis of the issues most critical to IC effectiveness in a categorical and relational manner, the framework provided here presents HIV vaccine researchers a tool by which the ICP can be more systematically evaluated and consequently improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindi A Lewis
- a Department of Public Health Sciences , University of Rochester Medical Center , Rochester , NY , USA
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Alio AP, Lewis CA, Bunce CA, Wakefield S, Thomas WG, Sanders E, Keefer MC. Capacity Building Among African American Faith Leaders to Promote HIV Prevention and Vaccine Research. Prog Community Health Partnersh 2014. [DOI: 10.1353/cpr.2014.0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Keefer MC, Gilmour J, Hayes P, Gill D, Kopycinski J, Cheeseman H, Cashin-Cox M, Naarding M, Clark L, Fernandez N, Bunce CA, Hay CM, Welsh S, Komaroff W, Hachaambwa L, Tarragona-Fiol T, Sayeed E, Zachariah D, Ackland J, Loughran K, Barin B, Cormier E, Cox JH, Fast P, Excler JL. A phase I double blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study of a multigenic HIV-1 adenovirus subtype 35 vector vaccine in healthy uninfected adults. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41936. [PMID: 22870265 PMCID: PMC3411704 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We conducted a phase I, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess the safety and immunogenicity of escalating doses of two recombinant replication defective adenovirus serotype 35 (Ad35) vectors containing gag, reverse transcriptase, integrase and nef (Ad35-GRIN) and env (Ad35-ENV), both derived from HIV-1 subtype A isolates. The trial enrolled 56 healthy HIV-uninfected adults. Methods Ad35-GRIN/ENV (Ad35-GRIN and Ad35-ENV mixed in the same vial in equal proportions) or Ad35-GRIN was administered intramuscularly at 0 and 6 months. Participants were randomized to receive either vaccine or placebo (10/4 per group, respectively) within one of four dosage groups: Ad35-GRIN/ENV 2×109 (A), 2×1010 (B), 2×1011 (C), or Ad35-GRIN 1×1010 (D) viral particles. Results No vaccine-related serious adverse event was reported. Reactogenicity events reported were dose-dependent, mostly mild or moderate, some severe in Group C volunteers, all transient and resolving spontaneously. IFN-γ ELISPOT responses to any vaccine antigen were detected in 50, 56, 70 and 90% after the first vaccination, and in 75, 100, 88 and 86% of Groups A–D vaccine recipients after the second vaccination, respectively. The median spot forming cells (SFC) per 106 PBMC to any antigen was 78–139 across Groups A–C and 158–174 in Group D, after each of the vaccinations with a maximum of 2991 SFC. Four to five HIV proteins were commonly recognized across all the groups and over multiple timepoints. CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses were polyfunctional. Env antibodies were detected in all Group A–C vaccinees and Gag antibodies in most vaccinees after the second immunization. Ad35 neutralizing titers remained low after the second vaccination. Conclusion/Significance Ad35-GRIN/ENV reactogenicity was dose-related. HIV-specific cellular and humoral responses were seen in the majority of volunteers immunized with Ad35-GRIN/ENV or Ad35-GRIN and increased after the second vaccination. T-cell responses were broad and polyfunctional. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00851383
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Keefer
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America.
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Alexander SB, Bunce CA, Lanier M, Maynard J, Morrow-Hall G. P15-28. Attitudes and awareness of HIV vaccine research in HIV uninfected MSM in four US cities: Rochester, Boston, San Francisco and Philadelphia. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767725 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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