2
|
Jo CS, Myung CH, Yoon YC, Ahn BH, Min JW, Seo WS, Lee DH, Kang HC, Heo YH, Choi H, Hong IK, Hwang JS. The Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum Extracellular Vesicles from Korean Women in Their 20s on Skin Aging. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:526-540. [PMID: 35723322 PMCID: PMC8928950 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44020036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles, which are highly conserved in most cells, contain biologically active substances. The vesicles and substances interact with cells and impact physiological mechanisms. The skin is the most external organ and is in direct contact with the external environment. Photoaging and skin damage are caused by extrinsic factors. The formation of wrinkles is a major indicator of skin aging and is caused by a decrease in collagen and hyaluronic acid. MMP-1 expression is also increased. Due to accruing damage, skin aging reduces the ability of the skin barrier, thereby lowering the skin’s ability to contain water and increasing the amount of water loss. L. plantarum suppresses various harmful bacteria by secreting an antimicrobial substance. L. plantarum is also found in the skin, and research on the interactions between the bacteria and the skin is in progress. Although several studies have investigated L. plantarum, there are only a limited number of studies on extracellular vesicles (EV) derived from L. plantarum, especially in relation to skin aging. Herein, we isolated EVs that were secreted from L. plantarum of women in their 20s (LpEVs). We then investigated the effect of LpEVs on skin aging in CCD986sk. We showed that LpEVs modulated the mRNA expression of ECM related genes in vitro. Furthermore, LpEVs suppressed wrinkle formation and pigmentation in clinical trials. These results demonstrated that LpEVs have a great effect on skin aging by regulating ECM related genes. In addition, our study offers important evidence on the depigmentation effect of LpEVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chan Song Jo
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (C.S.J.); (C.H.M.)
| | - Cheol Hwan Myung
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (C.S.J.); (C.H.M.)
| | - Yeo Cho Yoon
- Human & Microbiome Communicating Laboratory, GFC Co., Ltd., Hwasung 18471, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (Y.C.Y.); (B.H.A.); (W.S.S.); (H.C.K.)
| | - Beom Hee Ahn
- Human & Microbiome Communicating Laboratory, GFC Co., Ltd., Hwasung 18471, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (Y.C.Y.); (B.H.A.); (W.S.S.); (H.C.K.)
| | - Jin Woo Min
- Green & Biome Customizing Laboratory, GFC Co., Ltd., Hwasung 18471, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;
| | - Won Sang Seo
- Human & Microbiome Communicating Laboratory, GFC Co., Ltd., Hwasung 18471, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (Y.C.Y.); (B.H.A.); (W.S.S.); (H.C.K.)
- Green & Biome Customizing Laboratory, GFC Co., Ltd., Hwasung 18471, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;
| | - Dong Hwan Lee
- Clinical Business Division, Korea Dermatology Research Institute, GFC Co., Ltd., Sungnam 13517, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;
| | - Hee Cheol Kang
- Human & Microbiome Communicating Laboratory, GFC Co., Ltd., Hwasung 18471, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (Y.C.Y.); (B.H.A.); (W.S.S.); (H.C.K.)
- Green & Biome Customizing Laboratory, GFC Co., Ltd., Hwasung 18471, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;
| | - Yun Hoe Heo
- R&D Complex, HK Kolmar Co., Ltd., Seoul 30004, Korea; (Y.H.H.); (H.C.); (I.K.H.)
| | - Hyeong Choi
- R&D Complex, HK Kolmar Co., Ltd., Seoul 30004, Korea; (Y.H.H.); (H.C.); (I.K.H.)
| | - In Ki Hong
- R&D Complex, HK Kolmar Co., Ltd., Seoul 30004, Korea; (Y.H.H.); (H.C.); (I.K.H.)
| | - Jae Sung Hwang
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (C.S.J.); (C.H.M.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Myung CH, Lee JE, Jo CS, Park JI, Hwang JS. Regulation of Melanophilin (Mlph) gene expression by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Sci Rep 2021; 11:16813. [PMID: 34413386 PMCID: PMC8376885 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96276-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mlph plays a crucial role in regulating skin pigmentation through the melanosome transport process. Although Mlph is a major component involved in melanosome transport, the mechanism that regulates the expression of the Mlph gene has not been identified. In this study, we demonstrate that Mlph expression is regulated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Alteration of GR activity using a specific GR agonist or antagonist only regulated the expression of Mlph among the 3 key melanosome transport proteins. Translocation of GR from the cytosol into the nucleus following Dex treatment was confirmed by separating the cytosol and nuclear fractions and by immunofluorescence staining. In ChIP assays, Dex induced GR binding to the Mlph promoter and we determined that Dex induced the GR binding motif on the Mlph promoter. Our findings contribute to understanding the regulation of Mlph expression and to the novel role of GR in Mlph gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Hwan Myung
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Song Jo
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Il Park
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sung Hwang
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jo CS, Park HI, Jung HJ, Park JI, Lee JE, Myung CH, Hwang JS. A novel function of Prohibitin on melanosome transport in melanocytes. Theranostics 2020; 10:3880-3891. [PMID: 32226526 PMCID: PMC7086355 DOI: 10.7150/thno.41383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Prohibitin (PHB, also known as PHB1 or BAP32), is a highly conserved 31kDa protein that expressed in many cellular compartments, such as mitochondria, nucleus, cytosol, and plasma membrane, and plays roles in regulating the transcription of genes, apoptosis, and mitochondrial biogenesis. There is a report that Prohibitin expression is required for the stimulation of pigmentation by melanogenin. However, no studies have been published on the function of PHB in melanocytes, especially in melanosome transport. Methods: Immunofluorescence was performed to confirm the localization of PHB. siRNA transfections, Co-immunoprecipitation, western blotting and proximity ligation assay were performed to find binding state between proteins and demonstrate functions of PHB on melanosome transport. Results: PHB is located in the melanosome and perinuclear aggregation of melanosome is induced when expression of PHB is reduced with no influence on melanin contents. PHB binds directly to Rab27a and Mlph but not Myosin-Va. Rab27a and Mlph bind to specific domains of PHB. Reduced expression of PHB led to the impaired binding affinity between Rab27a and Mlph. Conclusion: PHB regulates melanosome transport by linking to Rab27a and Mlph in melanocytes. Targeting and regulating PHB not only manages pigmentation in melanocytes, but also controls hyperpigmentation in melanoma
Collapse
|
5
|
Kang SY, Kang H, Lee JE, Jo CS, Moon CB, Ha J, Hwang JS, Choi J. Antiaging Potential of Fucoxanthin Concentrate Derived from Phaeodactylum tricornutum. J Cosmet Sci 2020; 71:53-64. [PMID: 32271708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the potential of a fucoxanthin concentrate prepared from Phaeodactylum tricornutum as a wrinkle care cosmetic agent. The concentrate (up to 25 µg/ml) did not affect the proliferation of human fibroblasts. In addition, the concentrate significantly increased procollagen synthesis in the fibroblasts at 12.5 and 25 µg/ml; however, it significantly decreased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 at 25 µg/ml. In a follow-up study, a wrinkle care cream containing 0.03% of fucoxanthin concentrate was prepared and tested in women (aged 35-50 years, n = 21) for 8 weeks. The cream was applied twice daily. Safety assessment of the cream was carried out visually. In addition, interviews were conducted to investigate if adverse events such as erythema, edema, scaling, itching, stinging, burning, tightness, or prickling had occurred. No symptoms that threaten skin safety were reported. Evaluation of wrinkles around the eyes using the replica method showed a statistically significant decrease in wrinkles at week 8. Moreover, skin moisture and elasticity increased significantly from week 4. These results suggest that the fucoxanthin concentrate has no adverse effects on the skin and can be used as an active ingredient in wrinkle care cosmetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungwoon University, Incheon 22110, Korea (S.Y.K., H.K., J.C.), Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea (J.E.L., C.S.J., J.S.H.), R&D Center, Outin Futures Co. Ltd., Seoul 06178, Korea (C.B.M.), Skin Research Center, IEC Korea, Suwon 16690, Korea (J.H.)
| | - Huiji Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungwoon University, Incheon 22110, Korea (S.Y.K., H.K., J.C.), Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea (J.E.L., C.S.J., J.S.H.), R&D Center, Outin Futures Co. Ltd., Seoul 06178, Korea (C.B.M.), Skin Research Center, IEC Korea, Suwon 16690, Korea (J.H.)
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungwoon University, Incheon 22110, Korea (S.Y.K., H.K., J.C.), Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea (J.E.L., C.S.J., J.S.H.), R&D Center, Outin Futures Co. Ltd., Seoul 06178, Korea (C.B.M.), Skin Research Center, IEC Korea, Suwon 16690, Korea (J.H.)
| | - Chan Song Jo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungwoon University, Incheon 22110, Korea (S.Y.K., H.K., J.C.), Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea (J.E.L., C.S.J., J.S.H.), R&D Center, Outin Futures Co. Ltd., Seoul 06178, Korea (C.B.M.), Skin Research Center, IEC Korea, Suwon 16690, Korea (J.H.)
| | - Chang Bae Moon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungwoon University, Incheon 22110, Korea (S.Y.K., H.K., J.C.), Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea (J.E.L., C.S.J., J.S.H.), R&D Center, Outin Futures Co. Ltd., Seoul 06178, Korea (C.B.M.), Skin Research Center, IEC Korea, Suwon 16690, Korea (J.H.)
| | - Jaehyoun Ha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungwoon University, Incheon 22110, Korea (S.Y.K., H.K., J.C.), Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea (J.E.L., C.S.J., J.S.H.), R&D Center, Outin Futures Co. Ltd., Seoul 06178, Korea (C.B.M.), Skin Research Center, IEC Korea, Suwon 16690, Korea (J.H.)
| | - Jae Sung Hwang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungwoon University, Incheon 22110, Korea (S.Y.K., H.K., J.C.), Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea (J.E.L., C.S.J., J.S.H.), R&D Center, Outin Futures Co. Ltd., Seoul 06178, Korea (C.B.M.), Skin Research Center, IEC Korea, Suwon 16690, Korea (J.H.)
| | - Jongkeun Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungwoon University, Incheon 22110, Korea (S.Y.K., H.K., J.C.), Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea (J.E.L., C.S.J., J.S.H.), R&D Center, Outin Futures Co. Ltd., Seoul 06178, Korea (C.B.M.), Skin Research Center, IEC Korea, Suwon 16690, Korea (J.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jang HS, Lee JE, Myung CH, Park JI, Jo CS, Hwang JS. Particulate Matter-Induced Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Regulates Autophagy in Keratinocytes. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2019; 27:570-576. [PMID: 30971064 PMCID: PMC6824630 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2019.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM), which refers to the mixture of particles present in the air, can have harmful effects. Damage to cells by PM, including disruption of organelles and proteins, can trigger autophagy, and the relationship between autophagy and PM has been well studied. However, the cellular regulators of PM-induced autophagy have not been well characterized, especially in keratinocytes. The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) is expressed in the epidermis and is activated by PM. In this study, we investigated the role of the AhR in PM-induced autophagy in HaCaT cells. Our results showed that PM led to AhR activation in keratinocytes. Activation of the AhR-target gene CYP1A1 by PM was reduced by co-treatment with α-naphthoflavone (α-NF), an AhR inhibitor. We also evaluated activation of the autophagy pathway in PM-treated keratinocytes. In HaCaT cells, treatment with PM treatment led to the induction of microtubules-associated proteins light chain 3 (LC3) and p62/SQSTM1, which are essential components of the autophagy pathway. To study the role of the AhR in mediating PM-induced autophagy, we treated cells with α-NF or used an siRNA against AhR. Expression of LC3-ІІ induced by PM was decreased in a dose dependent manner by α-NF. Furthermore, knockdown of AhR with siAhR diminished PM-induced expression of LC3-ІІ and p62. Together, these results suggest that inhibition of the AhR decreases PM-induced autophagy. We confirmed these results using the autophagy-inhibitors BAF and 3-MA. Taken together, our results indicate that exposure to PM induces autophagy via the AhR in HaCaT keratinocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Sung Jang
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Hwan Myung
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Il Park
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Song Jo
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sung Hwang
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|