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Leid J, Gray R, Rakita P, Koenig AL, Tripathy R, Fitzpatrick JAJ, Kaufman C, Solnica-Krezel L, Lavine KJ. Deletion of taf1 and taf5 in zebrafish capitulate cardiac and craniofacial abnormalities associated with TAFopathies through perturbations in metabolism. Biol Open 2023; 12:bio059905. [PMID: 37746814 PMCID: PMC10354717 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Intellectual disability is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects 2-3% of the general population. Syndromic forms of intellectual disability frequently have a genetic basis and are often accompanied by additional developmental anomalies. Pathogenic variants in components of TATA-binding protein associated factors (TAFs) have recently been identified in a subset of patients with intellectual disability, craniofacial hypoplasia, and congenital heart disease. This syndrome has been termed as a TAFopathy and includes mutations in TATA binding protein (TBP), TAF1, TAF2, and TAF6. The underlying mechanism by which TAFopathies give rise to neurodevelopmental, craniofacial, and cardiac abnormalities remains to be defined. Through a forward genetic screen in zebrafish, we have recovered a recessive mutant phenotype characterized by craniofacial hypoplasia, ventricular hypoplasia, heart failure at 96 h post-fertilization and lethality, and show it is caused by a nonsense mutation in taf5. CRISPR/CAS9 mediated gene editing revealed that these defects where phenocopied by mutations in taf1 and taf5. Mechanistically, taf5-/- zebrafish displayed misregulation in metabolic gene expression and metabolism as evidenced by RNA sequencing, respiration assays, and metabolite studies. Collectively, these findings suggest that the TAF complex may contribute to neurologic, craniofacial, and cardiac development through regulation of metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamison Leid
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ryan Gray
- Departments of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatrics Research Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA
| | - Peter Rakita
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Andrew L. Koenig
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Rohan Tripathy
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - James A. J. Fitzpatrick
- Departments of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Washington University Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Charles Kaufman
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Lilianna Solnica-Krezel
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kory J. Lavine
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Williamson J, Kuo K, Smith T, Kaufman C. Abstract No. 315 Computed tomography vs fluoroscopic guided posterior iliac crest bone marrow aspirate and biopsies. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Dubey D, Wilson MR, Clarkson B, Giannini C, Gandhi M, Cheville J, Lennon VA, Eggers S, Devine MF, Mandel-Brehm C, Kryzer T, Hinson SR, Khazaie K, Hales C, Kattah J, Pavelko KD, Andrews P, Eaton JE, Jitprapaikulsan J, Mills JR, Flanagan EP, Zekeridou A, Leibovich B, Fryer J, Torre M, Kaufman C, Thoreson JB, Sagen J, Linnoila JJ, DeRisi JL, Howe CL, McKeon A, Pittock SJ. Expanded Clinical Phenotype, Oncological Associations, and Immunopathologic Insights of Paraneoplastic Kelch-like Protein-11 Encephalitis. JAMA Neurol 2021; 77:1420-1429. [PMID: 32744608 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.2231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Importance Recognizing the presenting and immunopathological features of Kelch-like protein-11 immunoglobulin G seropositive (KLHL11 IgG+) patients may aid in early diagnosis and management. Objective To describe expanding neurologic phenotype, cancer associations, outcomes, and immunopathologic features of KLHL11 encephalitis. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective tertiary care center study, conducted from October 15, 1998, to November 1, 2019, prospectively identified 31 KLHL11 IgG+ cases in the neuroimmunology laboratory. Eight were identified by retrospective testing of patients with rhomboencephalitis (confirmed by tissue-based-immunofluorescence and transfected-cell-based assays). Main Outcomes and Measures Outcome variables included modified Rankin score and gait aid use. Results All 39 KLHL11 IgG+ patients were men (median age, 46 years; range, 28-73 years). Initial clinical presentations were ataxia (n = 32; 82%), diplopia (n = 22; 56%), vertigo (n = 21; 54%), hearing loss (n = 15; 39%), tinnitus (n = 14; 36%), dysarthria (n = 11; 28%), and seizures (n = 9; 23%). Atypical neurologic presentations included neuropsychiatric dysfunction, myeloneuropathy, and cervical amyotrophy. Hearing loss or tinnitus preceded other neurologic deficits by 1 to 8 months in 10 patients (26%). Among patients screened for malignancy (n = 36), testicular germ-cell tumors (n = 23; 64%) or testicular microlithiasis and fibrosis concerning for regressed germ cell tumor (n = 7; 19%) were found in 83% of the patients (n = 30). In 2 patients, lymph node biopsy diagnosed metastatic lung adenocarcinoma in one and chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the other. Initial brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed T2 hyperintensities in the temporal lobe (n = 12), cerebellum (n = 9), brainstem (n = 3), or diencephalon (n = 3). Among KLHL11 IgG+ patients who underwent HLA class I and class II genotyping (n = 10), most were found to have HLA-DQB1*02:01 (n = 7; 70%) and HLA-DRB1*03:01 (n = 6; 60%) associations. A biopsied gadolinium-enhancing temporal lobe lesion demonstrated T cell-predominant inflammation and nonnecrotizing granulomas. Cerebellar biopsy (patient with chronic ataxia) and 2 autopsied brains demonstrated Purkinje neuronal loss and Bergmann gliosis, supporting early active inflammation and later extensive neuronal loss. Compared with nonautoimmune control peripheral blood mononuclear cells, cluster of differentiation (CD) 8+ and CD4+ T cells were significantly activated when patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured with KLHL11 protein. Most patients (58%) benefitted from immunotherapy and/or cancer treatment (neurological disability stabilized [n = 10] or improved [n = 9]). Kaplan-Meier curve demonstrated significantly higher probability of wheelchair dependence among patients without detectable testicular cancer. Long-term outcomes in KLHL11-IgG+ patients were similar to Ma2 encephalitis. Conclusions and Relevance Kelch-like protein-11 IgG is a biomarker of testicular germ-cell tumor and paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome, often refractory to treatment. Described expanded neurologic phenotype and paraclinical findings may aid in its early diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divyanshu Dubey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Michael R Wilson
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Benjamin Clarkson
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Caterina Giannini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Manish Gandhi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - John Cheville
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Vanda A Lennon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Scott Eggers
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Michelle F Devine
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Caleigh Mandel-Brehm
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Thomas Kryzer
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Shannon R Hinson
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Chadwick Hales
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jorge Kattah
- Department of Neurology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria
| | | | - Patrick Andrews
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - James E Eaton
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jiraporn Jitprapaikulsan
- Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Neurology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - John R Mills
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Eoin P Flanagan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anastasia Zekeridou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - James Fryer
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Matthew Torre
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - James B Thoreson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jessica Sagen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Joseph L DeRisi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco.,Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California
| | - Charles L Howe
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew McKeon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sean J Pittock
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Center for MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Minkin J, Warhadpande S, Kaufman C, Khaja M, Bercu Z, Majdalany B, Martin C, Hoffmann J, Minkin J. Abstract No. 478 Assessing the status of mentorship programs in interventional radiology residency training: results of a 2018 survey. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.12.559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Weber L, Quencer K, Kaufman C. 04:21 PM Abstract No. 257 Percutaneous biliary drain complications in the transplanted liver. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.12.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Little N, Kaufman C. Abstract No. 565 Pelvic congestion syndrome: a missed opportunity. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.12.646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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7
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Kaufman C, Arnold R, Frodsham A, Cizman Z, Hardman R. Abstract No. 656 Percutaneous cryoablation of fibro-adipose vascular anomaly: safe and effective therapy. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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8
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Kaufman C, Aryafar H, Minocha J, Kinney T. Transjugular liver biopsy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) or direct intrahepatic portocaval shunt (DIPS): Is it feasible, effective, and safe? Diagn Interv Imaging 2018; 99:331-335. [PMID: 29366793 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate our experience with transjugular liver biopsies (TJLB) in patients with previously placed transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) or direct intrahepatic portocaval shunt (DIPS). MATERIAL AND METHODS A single-institution retrospective review was performed looking at all TJLBs in patients with previously placed TIPS or DIPS over the past seven years. There were six men and one woman (mean age 57.9±8.8 [SD] years; range: 47-71 years). Patient demographics, indications, procedural details, laboratory data, complications, and pathology were recorded. Patients with occluded TIPS were excluded from this study. RESULTS Seven TJLBs were performed, five in patients who had a TIPS and two who had a DIPS. Of the patients with TIPS, biopsies were performed from the same hepatic vein as TIPS in three procedures and from a different hepatic vein in two procedures. In DIPS patients, both biopsies were performed from the right hepatic vein. The reasons for the transjugular rather than the percutaneous approach to liver biopsy included ascites, coagulopathy, or need for concurrent TIPS/DIPS evaluation and/or revision. All procedures were technically successful with adequate samples obtained. There were no immediate or delayed complications. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that if needed a TJLB can safely and effectively be performed in patients with previously placed TIPS or DIPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kaufman
- University of Utah, Department of Radiology, 30N 1900 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA.
| | - H Aryafar
- University of California San Diego, Department of Radiology, 200W Arbor Drive, San Diego, CA 92103 USA
| | - J Minocha
- University of California San Diego, Department of Radiology, 200W Arbor Drive, San Diego, CA 92103 USA
| | - T Kinney
- University of California San Diego, Department of Radiology, 200W Arbor Drive, San Diego, CA 92103 USA
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Behbod F, Limback D, Hong Y, Elsarraj H, Berger J, Heddens E, Valdez K, Smith WP, Inciardi M, Reddick M, Gatewood J, Darrah J, Winblad O, Meierotto R, Ricci L, Wagner J, Amin A, May L, Cusick T, Mammen J, Fields T, Godwin AK, Fabian C, Kaufman C, Tawfik O, Fan F. Abstract P4-06-01: Patient derived DCIS mouse-intraductal (MIND) models recapitulate the full spectrum of human patient pathology and histologic features including progression to invasion in a subset of cases. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p4-06-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: The 20-year breast cancer mortality rate following a DCIS diagnosis is ∼3%. Radiation and anti-hormonal therapy of DCIS has not resulted in improved overall survival, which argues against the non-selective use of such therapies in DCIS management. However, some DCIS cases do progress to invasive cancer, and these patients may benefit from treatment. A study of 80 DCIS patients followed for up to 30 years reported a 43% progression rate. Notably, progression was not predicted by grade, as 39% of even low-grade DCIS ultimately progressed to invasive cancer. Clearly, there is a need to identify which DCIS lesions are likely to progress. We have developed a novel mouse xenograft model (mouse-intraductal; MIND) to study the molecular basis of DCIS progression and enable identification of suitable biomarkers that predict invasive progression.
Methods: MIND involves injection of epithelial cells derived from patient breast lesions into the mammary ducts of immunocompromised mice. Serial sections of mouse mammary glands containing DCIS xenograft lesions were examined at time intervals of 3-14 months post-engraftment by histology using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemistry using anti-human cytokeratin 5/19, smooth muscle actin, ER, PR, p53, Ki67 and HER-2.
Results: Intraductal injection of cells derived from breast lesions of 28 patients into 133 mice resulted in a successful engraftment rate of 60%. Among these, 12 pure DCIS samples were injected into 35 different mice to create MIND xenografts. As early as three months post-engraftment, the DCIS xenograft cells showed multilayered in situ growth consisting of atypical neoplastic cells with prominent and vesicular nuclei. DCIS MIND xenografts exhibited the full spectrum of human DCIS histologic features, including similar biomarker expression (ER, PR, Ki67, HER-2 and p53) at long-term follow-up after engraftment (up to 12 months). Most remarkably, a subset of xenografts representing 5 patients (5/12; 42%) showed progression to invasion 6-12 months post-engraftment in the absence of any external genetic manipulations. This rate is very similar to that reported for human DCIS progression in untreated patients. MIND DCIS xenograft lesions that progressed showed disruption of basement membrane and myoepithelial layer by the invasive cells, retraction of basement membrane, and micro-invasion. MIND DCIS lesions were enriched in small capillaries, and in some cases clusters of invasive cells appeared inside nearby blood vessels.
Conclusion: The MIND xenograft is a viable model for human DCIS progression that recapitulates histologic features of human DCIS, as well as reported rates of progression to invasion. The availability of this innovative model provides a valuable tool for the discovery of new biomarkers to identify DCIS with invasive potential. The identification of high risk DCIS will ultimately help patients and clinicians choose the best course of therapy and avoid the morbidity and costs associated with unnecessary treatment.
Citation Format: Behbod F, Limback D, Hong Y, Elsarraj H, Berger J, Heddens E, Valdez K, Smith WP, Inciardi M, Reddick M, Gatewood J, Darrah J, Winblad O, Meierotto R, Ricci L, Wagner J, Amin A, May L, Cusick T, Mammen J, Fields T, Godwin AK, Fabian C, Kaufman C, Tawfik O, Fan F. Patient derived DCIS mouse-intraductal (MIND) models recapitulate the full spectrum of human patient pathology and histologic features including progression to invasion in a subset of cases [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-06-01.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Behbod
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - D Limback
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - Y Hong
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - H Elsarraj
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - J Berger
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - E Heddens
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - K Valdez
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - WP Smith
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - M Inciardi
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - M Reddick
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - J Gatewood
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - J Darrah
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - O Winblad
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - R Meierotto
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - L Ricci
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - J Wagner
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - A Amin
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - L May
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - T Cusick
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - J Mammen
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - T Fields
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - AK Godwin
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - C Fabian
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - C Kaufman
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - O Tawfik
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - F Fan
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS; Truman Hospital, Kansas City, MO; St. Luke's Hospital, Kansas City, MO; Wichita School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
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Uhl P, Helm F, Hofhaus G, Brings S, Kaufman C, Leotta K, Urban S, Haberkorn U, Mier W, Fricker G. A liposomal formulation for the oral application of the investigational hepatitis B drug Myrcludex B. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 103:159-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Bardi M, Kaufman C, Franssen C, Hyer MM, Rzucidlo A, Brown M, Tschirhart M, Lambert KG. Paper or Plastic? Exploring the Effects of Natural Enrichment on Behavioural and Neuroendocrine Responses in Long-Evans Rats. J Neuroendocrinol 2016; 28. [PMID: 26970429 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Enriched environments are beneficial to neurobiological development; specifically, rodents exposed to complex, rather than standard laboratory, environments exhibit evidence of neuroplasticity and enhanced cognitive performance. In the present study, the nature of elements placed in the complex environment was investigated. Accordingly, rats (n = 8 per group) were housed either in a natural environment characterised by stimuli such as dirt and rocks, an artificial environment characterised by plastic toys and synthetic nesting materials, a natural/artificial environment characterised by a combination of artificial and natural stimuli or a laboratory standard environment characterised by no enrichment stimuli. Following exposure to emotional and cognitive behavioural tasks, including a cricket hunting task, a novel object preference task and a forced swim task, brains were processed for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-, neuronal nuclei (NeuN)- and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) immunoreactivity. Baseline and stress foecal samples were collected to assess corticosterone (CORT) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Natural environment animals exhibited shorter diving latencies and increased diving frequencies in the second forced swimming task, along with higher DHEA/CORT ratios, and higher GFAP immunoreactivity in the hippocampus. The type of environmental enrichment did not influence levels of BDNF immunoreactivity in the CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus; however, natural environment animals exhibited higher levels of NeuN immunoreactivity in the retrosplenial cortex, an area involved in spatial memory and other cognitive functions. These results suggest that, in addition to enhancing behavioural and endocrinological variables associated with resilience, exposure to natural stimuli might alter plasticity in brain areas associated with cortical processing and learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bardi
- Randolph-Macon College, Ashland, VA, USA
| | - C Kaufman
- Randolph-Macon College, Ashland, VA, USA
| | | | - M M Hyer
- Randolph-Macon College, Ashland, VA, USA
| | - A Rzucidlo
- Randolph-Macon College, Ashland, VA, USA
| | - M Brown
- Randolph-Macon College, Ashland, VA, USA
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Rashid S, Kaufman C, Rashid S, Ayyagari R. Increasing medical student awareness and interest in IR via a 1-day symposium. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2015.12.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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13
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Kaufman C, Quencer K, Mojibian H. CTA versus angiography for evaluation of symptomatic peripheral vascular disease. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2015.12.618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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14
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Heilmann S, Ratnakumar K, Langdon E, Kansler E, Kim I, Campbell NR, Perry E, McMahon A, Kaufman C, van Rooijen E, Lee W, Iacobuzio-Donahue C, Hynes R, Zon L, Xavier J, White R. A Quantitative System for Studying Metastasis Using Transparent Zebrafish. Cancer Res 2015; 75:4272-4282. [PMID: 26282170 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-3319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is the defining feature of advanced malignancy, yet remains challenging to study in laboratory environments. Here, we describe a high-throughput zebrafish system for comprehensive, in vivo assessment of metastatic biology. First, we generated several stable cell lines from melanomas of transgenic mitfa-BRAF(V600E);p53(-/-) fish. We then transplanted the melanoma cells into the transparent casper strain to enable highly quantitative measurement of the metastatic process at single-cell resolution. Using computational image analysis of the resulting metastases, we generated a metastasis score, μ, that can be applied to quantitative comparison of metastatic capacity between experimental conditions. Furthermore, image analysis also provided estimates of the frequency of metastasis-initiating cells (∼1/120,000 cells). Finally, we determined that the degree of pigmentation is a key feature defining cells with metastatic capability. The small size and rapid generation of progeny combined with superior imaging tools make zebrafish ideal for unbiased high-throughput investigations of cell-intrinsic or microenvironmental modifiers of metastasis. The approaches described here are readily applicable to other tumor types and thus serve to complement studies also employing murine and human cell culture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silja Heilmann
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Computational Biology
| | - Kajan Ratnakumar
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology & Genetics
| | - Erin Langdon
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology & Genetics
| | - Emily Kansler
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology & Genetics
| | - Isabella Kim
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology & Genetics
| | | | - Elizabeth Perry
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology & Genetics
| | - Amy McMahon
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, David Koch Institute for Integrated Cancer Biology.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Charles Kaufman
- Children's Hospital Boston.,Harvard Medical School.,Dana Farber Cancer Institute.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Ellen van Rooijen
- Children's Hospital Boston.,Harvard Medical School.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - William Lee
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Computational Biology
| | | | - Richard Hynes
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, David Koch Institute for Integrated Cancer Biology.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Leonard Zon
- Children's Hospital Boston.,Harvard Medical School.,Dana Farber Cancer Institute.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Joao Xavier
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Computational Biology
| | - Richard White
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology & Genetics.,Weill Cornell Medical College
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15
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Yen J, White RM, Wedge DC, Van Loo P, de Ridder J, Capper A, Richardson J, Jones D, Raine K, Watson IR, Wu CJ, Cheng J, Martincorena I, Nik-Zainal S, Mudie L, Moreau Y, Marshall J, Ramakrishna M, Tarpey P, Shlien A, Whitmore I, Gamble S, Latimer C, Langdon E, Kaufman C, Dovey M, Taylor A, Menzies A, McLaren S, O'Meara S, Butler A, Teague J, Lister J, Chin L, Campbell P, Adams DJ, Zon LI, Patton EE, Stemple DL, Futreal PA. The genetic heterogeneity and mutational burden of engineered melanomas in zebrafish models. Genome Biol 2014; 14:R113. [PMID: 24148783 PMCID: PMC3983654 DOI: 10.1186/gb-2013-14-10-r113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Melanoma is the most deadly form of skin cancer. Expression of oncogenic BRAF or NRAS, which are frequently mutated in human melanomas, promote the formation of nevi but are not sufficient for tumorigenesis. Even with germline mutated p53, these engineered melanomas present with variable onset and pathology, implicating additional somatic mutations in a multi-hit tumorigenic process. Results To decipher the genetics of these melanomas, we sequence the protein coding exons of 53 primary melanomas generated from several BRAFV600E or NRASQ61K driven transgenic zebrafish lines. We find that engineered zebrafish melanomas show an overall low mutation burden, which has a strong, inverse association with the number of initiating germline drivers. Although tumors reveal distinct mutation spectrums, they show mostly C > T transitions without UV light exposure, and enrichment of mutations in melanogenesis, p53 and MAPK signaling. Importantly, a recurrent amplification occurring with pre-configured drivers BRAFV600E and p53-/- suggests a novel path of BRAF cooperativity through the protein kinase A pathway. Conclusion This is the first analysis of a melanoma mutational landscape in the absence of UV light, where tumors manifest with remarkably low mutation burden and high heterogeneity. Genotype specific amplification of protein kinase A in cooperation with BRAF and p53 mutation suggests the involvement of melanogenesis in these tumors. This work is important for defining the spectrum of events in BRAF or NRAS driven melanoma in the absence of UV light, and for informed exploitation of models such as transgenic zebrafish to better understand mechanisms leading to human melanoma formation.
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Kaufman C, Ouseph R, Kutz J, Tien H, Manon-Matos Y, Marvin M. Observed f Immunosuppression Related Complications in Hand Tx Recipients From 2 to 15 Years Post Tx. Transplantation 2014. [DOI: 10.1097/00007890-201407151-01360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Kong Y, Grimaldi M, Curtin E, Dougherty M, Kaufman C, White RM, Zon LI, Liao EC. Neural crest development and craniofacial morphogenesis is coordinated by nitric oxide and histone acetylation. Chem Biol 2014; 21:488-501. [PMID: 24684905 PMCID: PMC4349424 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cranial neural crest (CNC) cells are patterned and coalesce to facial prominences that undergo convergence and extension to generate the craniofacial form. We applied a chemical genetics approach to identify pathways that regulate craniofacial development during embryogenesis. Treatment with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor 1-(2-[trifluoromethyl] phenyl) imidazole (TRIM) abrogated first pharyngeal arch structures and induced ectopic ceratobranchial formation. TRIM promoted a progenitor CNC fate and inhibited chondrogenic differentiation, which were mediated through impaired nitric oxide (NO) production without appreciable effect on global protein S-nitrosylation. Instead, TRIM perturbed hox gene patterning and caused histone hypoacetylation. Rescue of TRIM phenotype was achieved with overexpression of histone acetyltransferase kat6a, inhibition of histone deacetylase, and complementary NO. These studies demonstrate that NO signaling and histone acetylation are coordinated mechanisms that regulate CNC patterning, differentiation, and convergence during craniofacial morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Kong
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Michael Grimaldi
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Eugene Curtin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Max Dougherty
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Charles Kaufman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Richard M White
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Leonard I Zon
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Eric C Liao
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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Lambert K, Franssen C, Hampton J, Rzucidlo A, Hyer M, True M, Kaufman C, Bardi M. Modeling paternal attentiveness: Distressed pups evoke differential neurobiological and behavioral responses in paternal and nonpaternal mice. Neuroscience 2013; 234:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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19
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Perkins MR, Ryschkewitsch C, Liebner JC, Monaco MCG, Himelfarb D, Ireland S, Roque A, Edward HL, Jensen PN, Remington G, Abraham T, Abraham J, Greenberg B, Kaufman C, LaGanke C, Monson NL, Xu X, Frohman E, Major EO, Douek DC. Changes in JC virus-specific T cell responses during natalizumab treatment and in natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. PLoS Pathog 2012; 8:e1003014. [PMID: 23144619 PMCID: PMC3493478 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) induced by JC virus (JCV) is a risk for natalizumab-treated multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Here we characterize the JCV-specific T cell responses in healthy donors and natalizumab-treated MS patients to reveal functional differences that may account for the development of natalizumab-associated PML. CD4 and CD8 T cell responses specific for all JCV proteins were readily identified in MS patients and healthy volunteers. The magnitude and quality of responses to JCV and cytomegalovirus (CMV) did not change from baseline through several months of natalizumab therapy. However, the frequency of T cells producing IL-10 upon mitogenic stimulation transiently increased after the first dose. In addition, MS patients with natalizumab-associated PML were distinguished from all other subjects in that they either had no detectable JCV-specific T cell response or had JCV-specific CD4 T cell responses uniquely dominated by IL-10 production. Additionally, IL-10 levels were higher in the CSF of individuals with recently diagnosed PML. Thus, natalizumab-treated MS patients with PML have absent or aberrant JCV-specific T cell responses compared with non-PML patients, and changes in T cell-mediated control of JCV replication may be a risk factor for developing PML. Our data suggest further approaches to improved monitoring, treatment and prevention of PML in natalizumab-treated patients. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a complication of treatment with natalizumab in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and Crohn's disease. PML results from a failure of the immune system to control replication of JC virus (JCV) in the brain. We studied the T cell responses of 8 patients with MS who were starting treatment with natalizumab, 10 healthy volunteers, and 4 patients with natalizumab-associated PML. The magnitude and quality of JCV-specific immune responses remained unchanged after starting natalizumab. However, applying the same methods and antigens, we found that immune responses in the individuals who developed PML differed from those in the MS patients and healthy volunteers. In the four patients with PML from whom the laboratory had identified JCV DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), two had no measurable T cell response to JCV and two had T cells that produced IL-10, an anti-inflammatory mediator. Furthermore, we studied the CSF of 10 patients with natalizumab-associated PML and 10 patients on natalizumab who had similar symptoms but did not have PML. We found that IL-10 was detectable in the CSF of half of the individuals with PML but none of the control group. These findings shed light on the mechanisms that lead to PML in a subset of patients treated with natalizumab and have implications for therapeutic and preventative measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly R. Perkins
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Ryschkewitsch
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Julia C. Liebner
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Maria Chiara G. Monaco
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Danielle Himelfarb
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sara Ireland
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Annelys Roque
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Heather L. Edward
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Peter N. Jensen
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Gina Remington
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Thomas Abraham
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jaspreet Abraham
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Greenberg
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Charles Kaufman
- Louisiana Neurologic Consultants. Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Chris LaGanke
- North Central Neurology, Cullman, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Nancy L. Monson
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Xiaoning Xu
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Elliot Frohman
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Eugene O. Major
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (EOM); (DCD)
| | - Daniel C. Douek
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (EOM); (DCD)
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Kaufman C, Kaufman J, Roberts A, Harper C, Khalfi F, Guerbet M. Abstract No. 364: Lipiodol® (ethiodized oil injection) as an intravascular contrast agent: history and current applications. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2011.12.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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21
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Dietz AC, Sivanandam S, Kaufman C, Kelly A, Neglia JP, Gaillard PR, Mulrooney DA. Evaluation of traditional and novel measures of cardiac function to detect anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in survivors of childhood cancer. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.9580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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22
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Ray C, Campsen J, Gupta R, Kondo K, Rochon P, Cook B, Kaufman C, Kaplan M, Zimmerman M, Kam I, Durham J. Abstract No. 332: Stenting of the IVC following liver transplantation: An update. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2011.01.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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23
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Berg K, Narazaki K, Latin R, Vincent W, Meisinger M, Sjoberg C, Kaufman C. Oxygen cost and energy expenditure of racquetball. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2007; 47:395-400. [PMID: 18091677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM Many sports are played intermittently in bursts of high, moderate, and low intensity activity. The pattern of exercise intensity has been assessed from heart rate (HR) and time motion analysis and few data are available based on assessment of exercise intensity by means of direct measurement of oxygen uptake. The aim of this study was to directly assess oxygen uptake (VO(2)) using a portable metabolic measuring device to describe the aerobic demand and to determine the associated energy expenditure (EE). METHODS Fourteen recreational racquetball players (3 females and 11 males; mean age, height, and mass of 23.1+/-2.8 years, 178.1+/-7.1 cm, and 81.1+/-19.6 kg, respectively) played for 40 min while wearing a portable metabolic system to assess VO(2) and a Polar watch to measure HR. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) (Borg 6-20 scale) was assessed at 5 min intervals during breaks in play. RESULTS The mean VO(2), HR, and RPE over 40 min of play were 27.3+/-1.8 mL/kg/min, 155.3+/-2.8 bpm, and 12.9+/-0.6, respectively. The associated EE was a total of 1 844 kj (440 kcal) or 465 kj/min (11.1 kcal/min). These data were examined across 13.3 min time periods of play, in order to determine if they changed during play because of fatigue. VO(2) decreased significantly (P<0.05), while HR increased (P<0.05). RPE rose across periods of play, but not significantly. CONCLUSION Recreational racquetball appears to elicit a VO(2) that would allow aerobic conditioning in many persons. It does so with an RPE that is nearly ''somewhat hard''.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Berg
- University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA.
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24
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Huycke MM, Naguib MT, Stroemmel MM, Blick K, Monti K, Martin-Munley S, Kaufman C. A double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial of intravenous magnesium sulfate for foscarnet-induced ionized hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia in patients with AIDS and cytomegalovirus infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000; 44:2143-8. [PMID: 10898688 PMCID: PMC90026 DOI: 10.1128/aac.44.8.2143-2148.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Foscarnet (trisodium phosphonoformate hexahydrate) is an antiviral agent used to treat cytomegalovirus disease in immunocompromised patients. One common side effect is acute ionized hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia following intravenous administration. Foscarnet-induced ionized hypomagnesemia might contribute to ionized hypocalcemia by impairing excretion of preformed parathyroid hormone (PTH) or by producing target organ resistance. Prevention of ionized hypomagnesemia following foscarnet administration could blunt the development of ionized hypocalcemia. To determine whether intravenous magnesium ameliorates the decline in ionized calcium and/or magnesium following foscarnet infusions, MgSO(4) at doses of 1, 2, and 3 g was administered in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover trial to 12 patients with AIDS and cytomegalovirus disease. Overall, increasing doses of MgSO(4) reduced or eliminated foscarnet-induced acute ionized hypomagnesemia. Supplementation, however, had no discernible effect on foscarnet-induced ionized hypocalcemia despite significant increases in serum PTH levels. No dose-related, clinically significant adverse events were found, suggesting that intravenous supplementation with up to 3 g of MgSO(4) was safe in this chronically ill population. Since parenteral MgSO(4) did not alter foscarnet-induced ionized hypocalcemia or symptoms associated with foscarnet, routine intravenous supplementation for patients with normal serum magnesium levels is not recommended during treatment with foscarnet.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Huycke
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73190, USA.
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25
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Southmayd L, Eaton BG, Kaufman C, Silva FG. A cardiac patient with renal failure: a clinicopathologic correlation conference from the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine. J Okla State Med Assoc 2000; 93:11-9. [PMID: 10680321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
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Abstract
Changes in LCME accreditation for medical colleges fostered the development of Health Information Resources, a required, for-credit course created by the Saint Louis University Health Sciences Center Library Reference Department for the first-year medical school curriculum. Six content areas were developed for inclusion in the syllabus: "Electronic Resources Survival Kit"; "Introduction to Problem Based Resources"; "Introduction to Literature Searching"; "MEDLINE Searching Hands-On/Publishing Pearls & Pitfalls"; "The World Wide Web and Patient Information"; and "Introduction to Electronic Mail." A combination of lectures, hands-on instruction, and active learning techniques were employed in the teaching of this class. Submission of a Health Information Resource Guide and a two-part final exam were required.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kaufman
- Saint Louis University Health Sciences Center Library, MO 63104, USA.
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27
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Foster RD, Fan L, Neipp M, Kaufman C, McCalmont T, Ascher N, Ildstad S, Anthony JP, Niepp M. Donor-specific tolerance induction in composite tissue allografts. Am J Surg 1998; 176:418-21. [PMID: 9874425 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9610(98)00248-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although prolonged composite tissue allograft (CTA) survival is achievable in animals using immunosuppressive drugs, long-term immunosuppression of CTAs in the clinical setting would be unacceptable for most patients. The purpose of this study was to develop a model for reliable CTA tolerance induction in the adult rat across a strongly antigenic MHC mismatch without the need for long-term immunosuppression. METHODS Chimeras were prepared using rat strains with strong MHC incompatibility [WF (RT1Au) + ACI (RT1Aa) --> WF, n = 13]. Syngeneic (WF) and allogeneic (ACI) bone marrow (BM) was harvested and T-cell depleted. Following confirmation of T-cell depletion by flow cytometry, a mixture of T-cell depleted syngeneic and allogeneic BM was injected into the recipient animals (all recipients pretreated with low-dose irradiation, 500 to 700 cGy). In addition, the recipient animals received a single dose of ALS (10 mg) 5 days prior to bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and tacrolimus (1 mg/kg/day) from the day prior to BMT to 10 days postoperatively. Rat chimeras were characterized by flow cytometry at 3 and 12 months after BM reconstitution and following hindlimb transplantation. RESULTS Peripheral blood lymphocyte chimerism (WF/ACI) remained stable >12 months after BM reconstitution in 10 of 13 animals. Multilineage chimerism of both lymphoid and myeloid lineages was present, suggesting that engraftment of the pluripotent rat stem cell had occurred. In animals with donor chimerism >60%, there was no sign of limb rejection for the duration of the study. All animals with chimerism <20% developed moderate signs of rejection clinically and histologically. Gross motor and sensory reinnervation (weight bearing, toe spread) occurred at >60 days in 6 of 9 rats. Postoperative flow cytometry studies demonstrated stable chimerism in all animals studied (n = 7). CONCLUSIONS Stable mixed allogeneic chimerism can be achieved in a rat hindlimb model of composite tissue allotransplantation. Hindlimb allografts to mixed allogeneic chimeras exhibit prolonged, rejection-free survival. This represents the first reliable model demonstrating rejection-free CTA survival in an adult animal without the long-term use of immunosuppressive agents across a strongly antigenic MHC mismatch.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Foster
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, USA
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Asirvatham S, Sebastian C, Sivaram CA, Kaufman C, Chandrasekaran K. Aortic valve involvement in calciphylaxis: uremic small artery disease with medial calcification and intimal hyperplasia. Am J Kidney Dis 1998; 32:499-502. [PMID: 9740169 DOI: 10.1053/ajkd.1998.v32.pm9740169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Calciphylaxis is a rare manifestation of abnormal calcium metabolism seen in some patients with renal disease. We describe the transesophageal echocardiographic (TEE) findings in a patient with calciphylaxis. These findings included calcification of ascending aorta and aortic valve. TEE was normal before the development of calciphylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Asirvatham
- University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City 73190-3948, USA
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Asal NR, Cleveland HL, Kaufman C, Nsa W, Nelson DI, Nelson RY, Lee ET, Kingsley B. Hydrocarbon exposure and chronic renal disease. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1996; 68:229-35. [PMID: 8738352 DOI: 10.1007/bf00381433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The study objective was to investigate further the potential role of long-term exposure to hydrocarbons (HCs) in the development of idiopathic chronic glomerulopathy (ICG) using a more refined measurement of HC exposure. A total of 321 pairs of cases and controls, matched by age, gender, and geographical area, were assembled. A detailed questionnaire was blindly administered to cases and controls to collect information on occupational and medical history and sociodemographic data. By integrating quantified measurements of HC exposure from a variety of sources with each subject's occupational history, a lifetime HC exposure score could be estimated and expressed in parts per million (ppm). Cases had an hydrocarbon exposure mean score of 165 ppm (median 48 ppm) as compared to 162 ppm (median 43 ppm) for controls (P = 0.757). When using hydrocarbon exposure as a dichotomous variable with a cutoff point at 100 ppm, cases had a higher proportion of exposed than controls, but the difference was not statistically significant at the 0.05 level, even after controlling for possible confounders through logistic regression. Subgroup analyses showed mixed results. In most subgroups differences between cases and controls tended to become significant when hydrocarbon was used as a dichotomous variable. Results from this study do not sufficiently support the hypothesized association of HC exposure and ICG in general. Subgroup analyses need further investigations. Efforts to generate accurate estimates of lifetime HC exposure should be emphasized for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Asal
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City 73104, USA
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Laserson I, Kaufman C. A successful outcome. Nurse Midwifery Birthing Services. Midwifery Today Childbirth Educ 1993:12-13. [PMID: 8319028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Kaufman C, Zeevi A, Zerbe TR, Duquesnoy RJ. IL-2-augmented primed-lymphocyte test responses of lymphocytes cultured from endomyocardial biopsies from heart transplant patients. Transplantation 1992; 54:1111-2. [PMID: 1465780 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-199212000-00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Kaufman
- Division of Transplantation Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania 15261
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Abstract
A schedule is described for rating the symptoms of mental illness over a period of time which includes several episodes. The reliability was measured in a study involving six raters. The sources of information required were studied, in 20 patients, by comparing an interview with the patient, a similar interview with an informant and an analysis of the case records. A synopsis of interview and record data are necessary to obtain adequate information about longitudinal psychopathology and 'lifetime' diagnosis.
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Duquesnoy RJ, Kaufman C, Zerbe TR, Woan MC, Zeevi A. Presence of CD4, CD8 double-negative and T-cell receptor-gamma-delta-positive T cells in lymphocyte cultures propagated from coronary arteries from heart transplant patients with graft coronary disease. J Heart Lung Transplant 1992; 11:S83-6. [PMID: 1535793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the interleukin-2-induced propagation of lymphocytes from endomyocardial biopsy specimens, an indicator of cellular rejection, is associated with the development of graft coronary disease in heart transplant patients. To further investigate the concept of cell-mediated immune responses in graft coronary disease, we have applied the methodologies of interleukin-2-induced propagation of lymphocytes from arterial tissues. In a group of 23 patients, which included 6 heart, 6 kidney, and 11 liver transplant recipients, we observed that arterial lymphocyte growth was significantly associated with obliterative vasculopathy (p less than 0.03). T-cell phenotyping analysis of coronary artery-derived lymphocyte cultures from three heart transplant patients with graft coronary disease showed significant numbers of CD4, CD8 double-negative T cells and T-cell receptor-gamma delta cells, especially when the cultures were established with relatively high doses of 400 U/ml of interleukin-2. These data suggest that the subset of CD4-CD8-, T cell receptor-gamma delta+ T cells may play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of graft coronary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Duquesnoy
- Division of Transplantation Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pa
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Chen-Woan M, Zerbe TR, Zeevi A, Kaufman C, Mallick C, Warty VJ, Griffith BP, Kormos RL, Armitage J, Duquesnoy RJ. Diminished lymphocyte growth from endomyocardial biopsies from cardiac transplant patients on FK 506 immunosuppression. Transplant Proc 1991; 23:2941-2. [PMID: 1721320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Chen-Woan
- Division of Transplantation Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania 15261
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35
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Brockington IF, Roper A, Copas J, Buckley M, Andrade CE, Wigg P, Farmer A, Kaufman C, Hawley R. Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression. A discriminant analysis, using 'lifetime' psychopathology ratings. Br J Psychiatry 1991; 159:485-94. [PMID: 1751857 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.159.4.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Discriminant and canonical variate analyses were performed using 302 patients, on whom ratings of lifetime psychopathology and course of illness has been made. DSM-III diagnoses were used to form the criterion groups. Bipolar disorder emerged as a distinct grouping, but there are reasons for dissatisfaction with its definition. The remaining patients formed a 'schizodepressive continuum', but this also had a tendency to bimodality. It is possible that the distinction between schizophrenia and depression was obscured by inadequacies in the data and the inclusion of excessive numbers of patients with schizoaffective depression in this study.
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Chen-Woan M, Kaufman C, Zeevi A, Zerbe T, Griffith B, Kormos R, Armitage J, Fricker J, Duquesnoy R. Comparison of the biopsy growth assay in heart transplant patients on cyclosporine vs. FK506 immunosuppressant. Hum Immunol 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0198-8859(91)90321-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Zeevi A, Eiras G, Kaufman C, Alessiani M, Demetris AJ, Abu-Elmagd K, Jain A, Warty V, Venkataramanan R, Burckart G. Correlation between bioassayed plasma levels of FK 506 and lymphocyte growth from liver transplant biopsies with histological evidence of rejection. Transplant Proc 1991; 23:1406-8. [PMID: 1703341 PMCID: PMC2962597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Zeevi
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pennsylvania
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Keenan R, Kaufman C, Zeevi A, Yousem S, Zerbe T, Armitage J, Kormos R, Duquesnoy R, Griffith B, Starzl T. Phenotypic T-cell changes in thoracic transplant recipients immunosuppressed with FK 506. Transplant Proc 1991; 23:1162-4. [PMID: 1671178 PMCID: PMC3032441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Keenan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
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Kaufman C, Zeevi A, Zerbe T, Keenan R, Kormos R, Griffith B, Hardesty R, Armitage J, Uretsky B, Duquesnoy RJ. In vitro culture of infiltrating lymphocytes from coronary arteries and endomyocardial biopsies: association with graft coronary disease. Transplant Proc 1991; 23:1142-3. [PMID: 1989172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Kaufman
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania
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Kormos RL, Herlan DB, Armitage JM, Stein K, Kaufman C, Zeevi A, Duquesnoy R, Hardesty RL, Griffith BP. Monoclonal versus polyclonal antibody therapy for prophylaxis against rejection after heart transplantation. J Heart Transplant 1990; 9:1-9, discussion 9-10. [PMID: 2107288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Between August 1986 and December 1987, 88 patients received either RATG or OKT3 for immunoprophylaxis before heart transplantation. By the end of the first month after transplantation, 25% of the patients who received RATG had experienced a rejection episode compared with 43% of those receiving OKT3. This difference was persistent as many as 4 months after transplantation. While 50% of the OKT3 patients had a second episode of rejection, only 35% of the RATG patients did so. Randomization of these agents was complicated by severe cardiopulmonary side effects attributed to the first dose of OKT3. Five hours after the first dose of OKT3, a 25% drop in mean arterial pressure, accompanied by significant hypoxia, was seen in a majority of patients. There was no difference in the incidence of infection between the two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Kormos
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15261
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Kaufman C, Zeevi A, Zerbe T, Kormos R, Griffith B, Hardesty R, Duquesnoy RJ. In vitro studies of endomyocardial biopsies from heart transplant recipients on RATG and OKT3 immunoprophylaxis protocols. Transplantation 1989; 48:621-5. [PMID: 2799915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Endomyocardial biopsy histology and the in vitro propagation of biopsy-infiltrating alloreactive T lymphocytes were analyzed in cardiac transplant patients on RATG (n = 24) and OKT3 (n = 9) immunoprophylaxis protocols. During the first three months posttransplant, 27% of the 167 biopsies in the RATG group showed histological grades of 2 or higher, significantly less than the 44% frequency of positive histology for biopsies in the OKT3 group (P = 0.035). For the histologically positive biopsies the frequency of lymphocyte growth, and the primed lymphocyte testing (PLT)* and CML activity of biopsy grown cells were similar in the RATG and OKT3 groups. However, for histologically negative biopsies, there was significantly more lymphocyte growth in the OKT3 than in the RATG groups (68% vs. 30%; P = 0.005). There was also significantly greater donor-specific CML activity of the biopsy-grown cultures in the OKT3 group. These data that suggest less cellular rejection is associated with RATG than with OKT3 immunoprophylaxis. They extend our previously reported clinical experience of a higher rejection-free survival in patients on the RATG protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kaufman
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
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Weber T, Zerbe T, Kaufman C, Zeevi A, Kormos R, Hardesty R, Griffith B, Duquesnoy RJ. Propagation of alloreactive lymphocytes from histologically negative endomyocardial biopsies from heart transplant patients. Association with subsequent histological evidence of allograft rejection. Transplantation 1989; 48:430-5. [PMID: 2675401 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-198909000-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Endomyocardial biopsies from heart transplant patients were cultured in vitro in the presence of Interleukin-2 and irradiated feeder cells to propagate graft-infiltrating lymphocytes. A correlation was seen between the frequency of lymphocyte growth and the degree of cellular infiltration of the biopsies. In this study, 43 of 113 (38%) histologically negative biopsies obtained from 55 patients during the first month post-transplant yielded lymphocyte cultures. The cumulative incidence of subsequent histological rejection was considerably higher in patients with such "grower" biopsies than in patients with "nongrower" biopsies. In the grower group, we were able to obtain data on alloreactivity of 32 lymphocyte cultures assayed by primed lymphocyte testing (PLT). The presence of donor-specific PLT reactivity in the cultured lymphocytes was associated with an additional risk for subsequent histological rejection. These findings suggest that the in vitro culturing of histologically negative endomyocardial biopsies will identify patients at increased risk for developing heart transplant rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Weber
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
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Bianchini HN, Sarachian B, Fernandez A, Paolasso R, Kaufman C, Notario R, Porven G, Ingaramo RA, Perez S, Ferrero SM. A ten-laboratory study of lomefloxacin (NY-198 or SC 47111) antimicrobial activity in Argentina. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 1989; 12:45S-50S. [PMID: 2676328 DOI: 10.1016/0732-8893(89)90065-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The antimicrobial activity of a new fluoro-quinolone, lomefloxacin (NY-198, SC47111), was evaluated by standardized susceptibility testing methods at ten laboratories in Argentina. Lomefloxacin was found to be the most active drug against 1,316 recent clinical isolates compared directly to norfloxacin, co-trimoxazole, and gentamicin. Only 1.4% of Enterobacteriaceae were lomefloxacin-resistant (MIC greater than 4 micrograms/ml), and the lomefloxacin MIC90 for all staphylococci was 2 micrograms/ml, including methicillin-resistant isolates. Streptococci, enterococci, and some Pseudomonads (9% resistance) were less susceptible to lomefloxacin. Lomefloxacin was the most active against Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains compared to penicillin, cefuroxime, and spectinomycin. Among the tested Mycobacteria, only the nontuberculosis, slow growers had lomefloxacin MICs of greater than 4 micrograms/ml.
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Weber T, Kaufman C, Zeevi A, Zerbe TR, Hardesty RJ, Kormos RH, Griffith BP, Duquesnoy RJ. Lymphocyte growth from cardiac allograft biopsy specimens with no or minimal cellular infiltrates: association with subsequent rejection episode. J Heart Transplant 1989; 8:233-40. [PMID: 2661773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Histologic features of endomyocardial biopsy specimens are essential in the monitoring of heart transplant patients. Significant cellular infiltrates accompanied by myocyte damage are diagnostic of transplant rejection, whereas no or minimal infiltrates (grades 0 and 1) suggest absence of rejection. Biopsy specimens were cultured on the basis of the principle that the allograft is infiltrated by activated lymphocytes, which can be expanded in the presence of interleukin-2, a lymphokine that induces proliferation of activated T cells. Although frequency of cell cultures was proportional to histologic rejection grade, 39% of biopsy specimens with grades 0 and 1 cultured during the first month posttransplantation yielded lymphocyte growth. Cell growth was observed in 28% of biopsy specimens with grades 0 and 1 obtained during the first 10 days posttransplantation. In this group (growers) 73% showed clinical rejection after 9.8 +/- 5.0 days. In contrast, 55% of nongrowers were treated for rejection after 19.1 +/- 13.8 days. For biopsy specimens obtained 11 to 20 days posttransplantation, subsequent rejection episodes were observed in 61% of growers, but in only 33% of nongrowers. For biopsy specimens obtained 21 to 30 days posttransplantation the incidence of clinical rejection was 60% versus 14%, respectively. A sequential analysis of biopsy specimens obtained during the first month posttransplantation enabled us to identify 16 persistent nongrowers; only 6 (37%) experienced clinical rejection during the first 3 months posttransplantation. Most of the persistent nongrowers were found among patients on the immunoprophylactic rabbit antithymocyte globulin protocol. These data suggest that in vitro cultures of biopsy specimens with no detectable or minimal cellular infiltration may be useful in identifying patients at risk of developing rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Weber
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213-2583
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48
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Weber T, Kaufman C, Zeevi A, Zerbe TR, Hardesty RJ, Kormos RH, Griffith BP, Duquesnoy RJ. Propagation of lymphocytes from human heart transplant biopsies: methodologic considerations. Transplant Proc 1988; 20:176-80. [PMID: 3284036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Weber
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3417
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Abstract
The expression of the proto-oncogene c-myc was studied at the protein level in cells obtained from patients with AML and CML. In florid AML and during the blastic phase of CML the majority of cells contain c-myc protein with the amount of protein differing widely among the cells of individual patients. In contrast, during complete remission in AML and during the chronic phase of CML cells containing c-myc protein are rare. Several studies demonstrated a discordance in the amount of c-myc transcript and the amount of c-myc protein present in cell populations thereby suggesting the presence of translational or post-translational regulation of c-myc expression. Further, the data suggest that high levels of c-myc protein in the leukemic cells of AML patients are associated with a poor response to therapy and that high levels in AML patients in CR or in the peripheral blood of chronic phase CML patients may be indicative of impending acute leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H D Preisler
- Department of Hematologic Oncology, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
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DeJesus EX, Kaufman C. Routh-Hurwitz criterion in the examination of eigenvalues of a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Phys Rev A Gen Phys 1987; 35:5288-5290. [PMID: 9898166 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.35.5288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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