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Ku E, Harada G, Chiao E, Rao P, Hosseinian S, Seyedin S, Healy E, Maxim P, Chow W, Stitzlein R, Limoli C, Harris J. The Correlation Between Lymphocyte Nadir and Radiation Therapy for Soft Tissue Sarcoma: Defining Key Dosimetric Parameters and Outlining Clinical Significance. Adv Radiat Oncol 2024; 9:101309. [PMID: 38260229 PMCID: PMC10801664 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2023.101309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The objectives of this study were to identify key dosimetric parameters associated with postradiation therapy lymphopenia and uncover any effect on clinical outcomes. Methods and Materials This was a retrospective review of 69 patients (between April 2010 and January 2023) who underwent radiation therapy (RT) as a part of curative intent for soft tissue sarcoma (STS) at a single academic institution. All patients with treatment plans available to review and measurable absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) nadir within a year after completion of RT were included. Results Median follow-up was 22 months after the start of RT. A decrease in lymphocyte count was noted as early as during treatment and persisted at least 3 months after the completion of RT. On multivariable linear regression, the strongest correlations with ALC nadir were mean body dose, body V10 Gy, mean bone dose, bone V10 Gy, and bone V20 Gy. Five-year overall survival was 60% and 5-year disease-free survival was 44%. Advanced T-stage, chemotherapy use, use of intensity-modulated RT, lower ALC nadir, and the development of grade ≥2 lymphopenia at nadir were associated with worse overall survival and disease-free survival. Conclusions Post-RT lymphopenia was associated with worse outcomes in STS. There were associations between higher body V10 Gy and bone V10 Gy and lower post-RT ALC nadir, despite the varying sites of STS presentation, which aligns with the well-known radiosensitivity of lymphocyte cell lines. These findings support efforts to reduce treatment-related hematopoietic toxicity as a way to improve oncologic outcomes. Additionally, this study supports the idea that the effect of radiation on lymphocyte progenitors in the bone marrow is more significant than that on circulating lymphocytes in treatments with limited involvement of the heart and lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Ku
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Garrett Harada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Elaine Chiao
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Pranathi Rao
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Sina Hosseinian
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Steven Seyedin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Erin Healy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Peter Maxim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Warren Chow
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Russell Stitzlein
- Orthopedic Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Charles Limoli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California
| | - Jeremy Harris
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California
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Sun L, Gonzalez G, Pandey PK, Wang S, Kim K, Limoli C, Chen Y, Xiang L. Towards quantitative in vivo dosimetry using x-ray acoustic computed tomography. Med Phys 2023; 50:6894-6907. [PMID: 37203253 PMCID: PMC10656364 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation dosimetry is essential for radiation therapy (RT) to ensure that radiation dose is accurately delivered to the tumor. Despite its wide use in clinical intervention, the delivered radiation dose can only be planned and verified via simulation. This makes precision radiotherapy challenging while in-line verification of the delivered dose is still absent in the clinic. X-ray-induced acoustic computed tomography (XACT) has recently been proposed as an imaging tool for in vivo dosimetry. PURPOSE Most of the XACT studies focus on localizing the radiation beam. However, it has not been studied for its potential for quantitative dosimetry. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using XACT for quantitative in vivo dose reconstruction during radiotherapy. METHODS Varian Eclipse system was used to generate simulated uniform and wedged 3D radiation field with a size of 4 cm× $ \times \ $ 4 cm. In order to use XACT for quantitative dosimetry measurements, we have deconvoluted the effects of both the x-ray pulse shape and the finite frequency response of the ultrasound detector. We developed a model-based image reconstruction algorithm to quantify radiation dose in vivo using XACT imaging, and universal back-projection (UBP) reconstruction is used as comparison. The reconstructed dose was calibrated before comparing it to the percent depth dose (PDD) profile. Structural similarity index matrix (SSIM) and root mean squared error (RMSE) are used for numeric evaluation. Experimental signals were acquired from 4 cm× $ \times \ $ 4 cm radiation field created by Linear Accelerator (LINAC) at depths of 6, 8, and 10 cm beneath the water surface. The acquired signals were processed before reconstruction to achieve accurate results. RESULTS Applying model-based reconstruction algorithm with non-negative constraints successfully reconstructed accurate radiation dose in 3D simulation study. The reconstructed dose matches well with the PDD profile after calibration in experiments. The SSIMs between the model-based reconstructions and initial doses are over 85%, and the RMSEs of model-based reconstructions are eight times lower than the UBP reconstructions. We have also shown that XACT images can be displayed as pseudo-color maps of acoustic intensity, which correspond to different radiation doses in the clinic. CONCLUSION Our results show that the XACT imaging by model-based reconstruction algorithm is considerably more accurate than the dose reconstructed by UBP algorithm. With proper calibration, XACT is potentially applicable to the clinic for quantitative in vivo dosimetry across a wide range of radiation modalities. In addition, XACT's capability of real-time, volumetric dose imaging seems well-suited for the emerging field of ultrahigh dose rate "FLASH" radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leshan Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Gilberto Gonzalez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Prabodh Kumar Pandey
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Siqi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Charles Limoli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Irvine, Medical Sciences I, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Liangzhong Xiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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Jorge PG, Melemenidis S, Grilj V, Buchillier T, Manjappa R, Viswanathan V, Gondré M, Vozenin MC, Germond JF, Bochud F, Moeckli R, Limoli C, Skinner L, No HJ, Wu YF, Surucu M, Yu AS, Lau B, Wang J, Schüler E, Bush K, Graves EE, Maxim PG, Loo BW, Bailat C. Design and validation of a dosimetric comparison scheme tailored for ultra-high dose-rate electron beams to support multicenter FLASH preclinical studies. Radiother Oncol 2022; 175:203-209. [PMID: 36030934 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2022.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We describe a multicenter cross validation of ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) (>= 40 Gy/s) irradiation in order to bring a dosimetric consensus in absorbed dose to water. UHDR refers to dose rates over 100-1000 times those of conventional clinical beams. UHDR irradiations have been a topic of intense investigation as they have been reported to induce the FLASH effect in which normal tissues exhibit reduced toxicity relative to conventional dose rates. The need to establish optimal beam parameters capable of achieving the in vivo FLASH effect has become paramount. It is therefore necessary to validate and replicate dosimetry across multiple sites conducting UHDR studies with distinct beam configurations and experimental set-ups. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using a custom cuboid phantom with a cylindrical cavity (5 mm diameter by 10.4 mm length) designed to contain three type of dosimeters (thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs), alanine pellets, and Gafchromic films), irradiations were conducted at expected doses of 7.5 to 16 Gy delivered at UHDR or conventional dose rates using various electron beams at the Radiation Oncology Departments of the CHUV in Lausanne, Switzerland and Stanford University, CA. RESULTS Data obtained between replicate experiments for all dosimeters were in excellent agreement (±3%). In general, films and TLDs were in closer agreement with each other, while alanine provided the closest match between the expected and measured dose, with certain caveats related to absolute reference dose. CONCLUSION In conclusion, successful cross-validation of different electron beams operating under different energies and configurations lays the foundation for establishing dosimetric consensus for UHDR irradiation studies, and, if widely implemented, decrease uncertainty between different sites investigating the mechanistic basis of the FLASH effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Gonçalves Jorge
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stavros Melemenidis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Veljko Grilj
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Buchillier
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rakesh Manjappa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Vignesh Viswanathan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Maude Gondré
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Catherine Vozenin
- CHUV - Radiation-oncology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-François Germond
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - François Bochud
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raphaël Moeckli
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Charles Limoli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Lawrie Skinner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hyunsoo Joshua No
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yufan Fred Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Murat Surucu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Amy S Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Brianna Lau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jinghui Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Emil Schüler
- Department of Radiation Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Karl Bush
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Edward E Graves
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Peter G Maxim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Billy W Loo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Claude Bailat
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Rohrer Bley C, Wolf F, Gonçalves Jorge P, Grilj V, Petridis I, Petit B, Böhlen TT, Moeckli R, Limoli C, Bourhis J, Meier V, Vozenin MC. Dose- and Volume-Limiting Late Toxicity of FLASH Radiotherapy in Cats with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Nasal Planum and in Mini Pigs. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:3814-3823. [PMID: 35421221 PMCID: PMC9433962 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The FLASH effect is characterized by normal tissue sparing without compromising tumor control. Although demonstrated in various preclinical models, safe translation of FLASH-radiotherapy stands to benefit from larger vertebrate animal models. Based on prior results, we designed a randomized phase III trial to investigate the FLASH effect in cat patients with spontaneous tumors. In parallel, the sparing capacity of FLASH-radiotherapy was studied on mini pigs by using large field irradiation. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Cats with T1-T2, N0 carcinomas of the nasal planum were randomly assigned to two arms of electron irradiation: arm 1 was the standard of care (SoC) and used 10 × 4.8 Gy (90% isodose); arm 2 used 1 × 30 Gy (90% isodose) FLASH. Mini pigs were irradiated using applicators of increasing size and a single surface dose of 31 Gy FLASH. RESULTS In cats, acute side effects were mild and similar in both arms. The trial was prematurely interrupted due to maxillary bone necrosis, which occurred 9 to 15 months after radiotherapy in 3 of 7 cats treated with FLASH-radiotherapy (43%), as compared with 0 of 9 cats treated with SoC. All cats were tumor-free at 1 year in both arms, with one cat progressing later in each arm. In pigs, no acute toxicity was recorded, but severe late skin necrosis occurred in a volume-dependent manner (7-9 months), which later resolved. CONCLUSIONS The reported outcomes point to the caveats of translating single-high-dose FLASH-radiotherapy and emphasizes the need for caution and further investigations. See related commentary by Maity and Koumenis, p. 3636.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Rohrer Bley
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Friederike Wolf
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrik Gonçalves Jorge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Radiation Oncology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Lausanne, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Veljko Grilj
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Radiation Oncology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Lausanne, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Petridis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Radiation Oncology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Lausanne, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benoit Petit
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Radiation Oncology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Lausanne, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Till T Böhlen
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Moeckli
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Charles Limoli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Jean Bourhis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Valeria Meier
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Catherine Vozenin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Radiation Oncology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Lausanne, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Limoli C. TOWARD SINGLE DOSE RADIOTHERAPY: DREAM OR REALITY? Phys Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)01579-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Chen A, Maxim P, Limoli C. PATTERNS OF FAILURE FOR HPV-NEGATIVE SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE OROPHARYNX: POTENTIAL UTILITY OF ELECTRON FLASH. Phys Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)01653-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Favaudon V, Labarbe R, Limoli C. FLASH Mechanisms Track (Oral Presentations) MODEL STUDIES OF THE ROLE OF OXYGEN IN THE FLASH EFFECT. Phys Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)01498-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Limoli C, Alaghband Y, Allen B, Vozenin MC. FLASH Mechanisms Track NEW HORIZONS RELATED TO THE BIOLOGY OF FLASH-RT. Phys Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)01449-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Chmielewski-Stivers N, Petit B, Ollivier J, Monceau V, Tsoutsou P, Quintela Pousa A, Lin X, Limoli C, Vozenin MC. Sex-Specific Differences in Toxicity Following Systemic Paclitaxel Treatment and Localized Cardiac Radiotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13163973. [PMID: 34439129 PMCID: PMC8394799 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13163973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The objective of the present study was to investigate the impact of sex in the development of long-term toxicities affecting quality of life in cancer survivors after systemic paclitaxel treatment and cardiac irradiation. Sex-specific differences may affect tumor biology, drug pharmacokinetics and dynamics, and response to local treatment such as radiation therapy (RT). However, sex is rarely taken into consideration when administering cancer therapies. Interestingly, female mice are protected from paclitaxel-induced neurotoxicity as well as from radiotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity, and deficiency in the small GTPase RhoB reversed the protection in females but not in males. In conclusion, our results are the first to identify sex- and organ-specific responses to systemic paclitaxel administration and localized RT. These results may have important implications for the management of cancer patients and implementation of personalized medicine in oncology. Abstract The impact of sex in the development of long-term toxicities affecting the quality of life of cancer survivors has not been investigated experimentally. To address this issue, a series of neurologic and cardiologic endpoints were used to investigate sex-based differences triggered by paclitaxel treatment and radiotherapy exposure. Male and female wild-type (WT) mice were treated with paclitaxel (150 and 300 mg/kg) administered weekly over 6 weeks or exposed to 19 Gy cardiac irradiation. Cohorts were analyzed for behavioral and neurobiologic endpoints to assess systemic toxicity of paclitaxel or cardiovascular endpoints to assess radiotherapy toxicity. Interestingly, female WT mice exhibited enhanced tolerance compared to male WT mice regardless of the treatment regimen. To provide insight into the possible sex-specific protective mechanisms, rhoB-deficient animals and elderly mice (22 months) were used with a focus on the possible contribution of sex hormones, including estrogen. In females, RhoB deficiency and advanced age had no impact on neurocognitive impairment induced by paclitaxel but enhanced cardiac sensitivity to radiotherapy. Conversely, rhoB-deficiency protected males from radiation toxicity. In sum, RhoB was identified as a molecular determinant driving estrogen-dependent cardioprotection in female mice, whereas neuroprotection was not sex hormone dependent. To our knowledge, this study revealed for the first time sex- and organ-specific responses to paclitaxel and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Chmielewski-Stivers
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (N.C.-S.); (X.L.)
| | - Benoit Petit
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology Service, Department of Oncology, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (B.P.); (J.O.); (P.T.); (A.Q.P.)
| | - Jonathan Ollivier
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology Service, Department of Oncology, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (B.P.); (J.O.); (P.T.); (A.Q.P.)
| | - Virginie Monceau
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire (IRSN), 92260 Fontenay aux Roses, France;
| | - Pelagia Tsoutsou
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology Service, Department of Oncology, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (B.P.); (J.O.); (P.T.); (A.Q.P.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hôpitaux Universitaires Genèvehug (HUG), 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ana Quintela Pousa
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology Service, Department of Oncology, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (B.P.); (J.O.); (P.T.); (A.Q.P.)
| | - Xiaomeng Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (N.C.-S.); (X.L.)
| | - Charles Limoli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (N.C.-S.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (M.-C.V.)
| | - Marie-Catherine Vozenin
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology Service, Department of Oncology, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (B.P.); (J.O.); (P.T.); (A.Q.P.)
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (M.-C.V.)
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Limoli C. SP-0227 The radiobiology of the normal brain. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)08521-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Barghouth P, Ollivier J, Montay-Gruel P, Loo BW, Vozenin MC, Limoli C, Frock R. Abstract PO-012: Ultra-high dose rate (FLASH) irradiation does not alter microhomology mediated recombination under varying oxygen tension when compared to standard clinical dose rates. Clin Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3265.radsci21-po-012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The mechanism(s) driving the enhanced therapeutic ratio of ultra-high dose-rate radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) over slower conventional (CONV) ionizing radiation (IR) dose-rate are not known. However, attenuated DNA damage and transient oxygen depletion are among a number of proposed models. In this study, we employ high-throughput genome-wide translocation sequencing (LAM-HTGTS), a highly-sensitive assay used to identify “prey” DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) via their translocation to a single CRISPR-Cas9 “bait” DSB break, to investigate the potential differences in DSBs and repair generated by 10 Gy delivered at CONV (0.13 Gy/s) or FLASH (5.106 Gy/s) dose rates with the eRT6 (PMB-Alcen, CHUV). Investigations were conducted under different oxygen tensions. IR exposure in HEK293T cells at normoxic (21% O2) conditions increased both the proportion and total number of translocations from the junctions recovered, as expected, but were indistinguishable between CONV-RT and FLASH-RT dose-rates. Although, increased proportions of translocations were observed as cells were acutely transitioned to either physioxic (4%) or hypoxic (<2%) conditions alone, the combined decrease in oxygen tension with IR dose-rate modulation did not reveal overt differences in the level of increased translocations nor in junction structures, which were predominantly increased in microhomology utilization. We discuss these findings with other related LAM-HTGTS studies.
Citation Format: Paul Barghouth, Jonathan Ollivier, Pierre Montay-Gruel, Billy W. Loo Jr., Marie-Catherine Vozenin, Charles Limoli, Richard Frock. Ultra-high dose rate (FLASH) irradiation does not alter microhomology mediated recombination under varying oxygen tension when compared to standard clinical dose rates [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Radiation Science and Medicine; 2021 Mar 2-3. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(8_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-012.
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Allen BD, Acharya MM, Montay-Gruel P, Jorge PG, Bailat C, Petit B, Vozenin MC, Limoli C. Maintenance of Tight Junction Integrity in the Absence of Vascular Dilation in the Brain of Mice Exposed to Ultra-High-Dose-Rate FLASH Irradiation. Radiat Res 2021; 194:625-635. [PMID: 33348373 DOI: 10.1667/rade-20-00060.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Persistent vasculature abnormalities contribute to an altered CNS microenvironment that further compromises the integrity of the blood-brain barrier and exposes the brain to a host of neurotoxic conditions. Standard radiation therapy at conventional (CONV) dose rate elicits short-term damage to the blood-brain barrier by disrupting supportive cells, vasculature volume and tight junction proteins. While current clinical applications of cranial radiotherapy use dose fractionation to reduce normal tissue damage, these treatments still cause significant complications. While dose escalation enhances treatment of radiation-resistant tumors, methods to subvert normal tissue damage are clearly needed. In this regard, we have recently developed a new modality of irradiation based on the use of ultra-high-dose-rate FLASH that does not induce the classical pathogenic patterns caused by CONV irradiation. In previous work, we optimized the physical parameters required to minimize normal brain toxicity (i.e., FLASH, instantaneous intra-pulse dose rate, 6.9 · 106 Gy/s, at a mean dose rate of 2,500 Gy/s), which we then used in the current study to determine the effect of FLASH on the integrity of the vasculature and the blood-brain barrier. Both early (24 h, one week) and late (one month) timepoints postirradiation were investigated using C57Bl/6J female mice exposed to whole-brain irradiation delivered in single doses of 25 Gy and 10 Gy, respectively, using CONV (0.09 Gy/s) or FLASH (>106 Gy/s). While the majority of changes found one day postirradiation were minimal, FLASH was found to reduce levels of apoptosis in the neurogenic regions of the brain at this time. At one week and one month postirradiation, CONV was found to induce vascular dilation, a well described sign of vascular alteration, while FLASH minimized these effects. These results were positively correlated with and temporally coincident to changes in the immunostaining of the vasodilator eNOS colocalized to the vasculature, suggestive of possible dysregulation in blood flow at these latter times. Overall expression of the tight junction proteins, occludin and claudin-5, which was significantly reduced after CONV irradiation, remained unchanged in the FLASH-irradiated brains at one and four weeks postirradiation. Our data further confirm that, compared to isodoses of CONV irradiation known to elicit detrimental effects, FLASH does not damage the normal vasculature. These data now provide the first evidence that FLASH preserves microvasculature integrity in the brain, which may prove beneficial to cognition while allowing for better tumor control in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barrett D Allen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2695
| | - Munjal M Acharya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2695
| | - Pierre Montay-Gruel
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrik Goncalves Jorge
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Radiation Physics/CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claude Bailat
- Institute of Radiation Physics/CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benoît Petit
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Catherine Vozenin
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Charles Limoli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2695
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Vozenin MC, Montay-Gruel P, Limoli C, Germond JF. All Irradiations that are Ultra-High Dose Rate may not be FLASH: The Critical Importance of Beam Parameter Characterization and In Vivo Validation of the FLASH Effect. Radiat Res 2021; 194:571-572. [PMID: 32853355 DOI: 10.1667/rade-20-00141.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Catherine Vozenin
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Montay-Gruel
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Charles Limoli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Jean-François Germond
- Institute of Radiation Physics/CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Montay-Gruel P, Markarian M, Allen BD, Baddour JD, Giedzinski E, Jorge PG, Petit B, Bailat C, Vozenin MC, Limoli C, Acharya MM. Ultra-High-Dose-Rate FLASH Irradiation Limits Reactive Gliosis in the Brain. Radiat Res 2021; 194:636-645. [PMID: 32853387 DOI: 10.1667/rade-20-00067.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Encephalic radiation therapy delivered at a conventional dose rate (CONV, 0.1-2.0 Gy/min) elicits a variety of temporally distinct damage signatures that invariably involve persistent indications of neuroinflammation. Past work has shown an involvement of both the innate and adaptive immune systems in modulating the central nervous system (CNS) radiation injury response, where elevations in astrogliosis, microgliosis and cytokine signaling define a complex pattern of normal tissue toxicities that never completely resolve. These side effects constitute a major limitation in the management of CNS malignancies in both adult and pediatric patients. The advent of a novel ultra-high dose-rate irradiation modality termed FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT, instantaneous dose rates ≥106 Gy/s; 10 Gy delivered in 1-10 pulses of 1.8 µs) has been reported to minimize a range of normal tissue toxicities typically concurrent with CONV exposures, an effect that has been coined the "FLASH effect." Since the FLASH effect has now been found to significantly limit persistent inflammatory signatures in the brain, we sought to further elucidate whether changes in astrogliosis might account for the differential dose-rate response of the irradiated brain. Here we report that markers selected for activated astrogliosis and immune signaling in the brain (glial fibrillary acidic protein, GFAP; toll-like receptor 4, TLR4) are expressed at reduced levels after FLASH irradiation compared to CONV-irradiated animals. Interestingly, while FLASH-RT did not induce astrogliosis and TLR4, the expression level of complement C1q and C3 were found to be elevated in both FLASH and CONV irradiation modalities compared to the control. Although functional outcomes in the CNS remain to be cross-validated in response to the specific changes in protein expression reported, the data provide compelling evidence that distinguishes the dose-rate response of normal tissue injury in the irradiated brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Montay-Gruel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2695
| | - Mineh Markarian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2695
| | - Barrett D Allen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2695
| | - Jabra D Baddour
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2695
| | - Erich Giedzinski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2695
| | - Patrik Goncalves Jorge
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology. Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benoît Petit
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology. Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claude Bailat
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology. Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Catherine Vozenin
- Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology. Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Charles Limoli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2695
| | - Munjal M Acharya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2695
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Abstract
Not surprisingly, our knowledge of the impact of radiation on the brain has evolved considerably. Decades of work have struggled with identifying the critical cellular targets in the brain, the latency of functional change and understanding how irradiation alters the balance between excitatory and inhibitory circuits. Radiation-induced cell kill following clinical fractionation paradigms pointed to both stromal and parenchymal targets but also defined an exquisite sensitivity of neurogenic populations of newly born cells in the brain. It became more and more apparent too, that acute (days) events transpiring after exposure were poorly prognostic of the late (months-years) waves of radiation injury believed to underlie neurocognitive deficits. Much of these gaps in knowledge persisted as NASA became interested in how exposure to much different radiation types, doses and dose rates that characterize the space radiation environment might impair central nervous system functionality, with possibly negative implications for deep space travel. Now emerging evidence from researchers engaged in clinical, translational and environmental radiation sciences have begun to fill these gaps and have uncovered some surprising similarities in the response of the brain to seemingly disparate exposure scenarios. This article highlights many of the commonalities between the vastly different irradiation paradigms that distinguish clinical treatments from occupational exposures in deep space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Limoli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States
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Ioannides P, Limoli C, Benoit P, Warn M, Kramar E, Wood M, Leavitt R, Ollivier J, Smith S, Allen B, Acharya M, Baulch J, Vozenin M. Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles For The Treatment Of Radiation-Induced Normal Tissue Toxicity In The Brain And Lung. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Limoli C, Vozenin M, Acharya M. OC-0056 Multiple strategies for resolving radiation- induced neurocognitive dysfunction. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)30476-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Schmidt MA, Bailey SM, Goodwin TJ, Jones JA, Killian JP, Legato MJ, Limoli C, Moussa S, Ploutz-Snyder L. Men, Women, and Space Travel: Gene-Linked Molecular Networks, Human Countermeasures, and Legal and Ethical Considerations. Gender and the Genome 2018. [DOI: 10.1089/gg.2017.29004.rtl] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Schmidt
- Advanced Pattern Analysis and Countermeasures Group, Research Innovation Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
- Sovaris Aerospace, LLC, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Susan M. Bailey
- Sovaris Aerospace, LLC, Boulder, Colorado
- Radiation Cancer Biology and Oncology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Thomas J. Goodwin
- NASA Johnson Space Center, Retired (2016)
- NASA, Biomedical Research and Operations Branch, Advanced Pattern Analysis Countermeasures Group, Sovaris Aerospace (consultant), Boulder, Colorado
| | - Jeffrey A. Jones
- Baylor College of Medicine–Urology and Center for Space Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Urology, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Operative Care Line–Urology Section, Houston, Texas
- Flight Surgeon, US Navy Reserves, Wing Surgeon–Fleet Logistics Support, Naval Air Station JRB, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Justin P. Killian
- Consultant, Foundation for Gender-Specific Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Marianne J. Legato
- Emerita Professor of Clinical Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Editor-in-Chief, Gender and the Genome
| | - Charles Limoli
- Radiation Oncology, University of California Irvine
- Research and Academic Affairs, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Sherif Moussa
- Foundation for Gender-Specific Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Lori Ploutz-Snyder
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Lead Scientist for Exercise Physiology and Countermeasures at NASA Johnson Space Center
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Zhou YH, Chen Y, Hu Y, Yu L, Tran K, Giedzinski E, Ru N, Gau A, Pan F, Qiao J, Atkin N, Ly KC, Lee N, Siegel ER, Linskey ME, Wang P, Limoli C. The role of EGFR double minutes in modulating the response of malignant gliomas to radiotherapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:80853-80868. [PMID: 29113349 PMCID: PMC5655244 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
EGFR amplification in cells having double minute chromosomes (DM) is commonly found in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM); however, how much it contributes to the current failure to treat GBM successfully is unknown. We studied two syngeneic primary cultures derived from a GBM with and without cells carrying DM, for their differential molecular and metabolic profiles, in vivo growth patterns, and responses to irradiation (IR). Each cell line has a distinct molecular profile consistent with an invasive “go” (with DM) or angiogenic “grow” phenotype (without DM) demonstrated in vitro and in intracranial xenograft models. Cells with DM were relatively radio-resistant and used higher glycolytic respiration and lower oxidative phosphorylation in comparison to cells without them. The DM-containing cell was able to restore tumor heterogeneity by mis-segregation of the DM-chromosomes, giving rise to cell subpopulations without them. As a response to IR, DM-containing cells switched their respiration from glycolic metabolism to oxidative phosphorylation and shifted molecular profiles towards that of cells without DM. Irradiated cells with DM showed the capacity to alter their extracellular microenvironment to not only promote invasiveness of the surrounding cells, regardless of DM status, but also to create a pro-angiogenic tumor microenvironment. IR of cells without DM was found primarily to increase extracellular MMP2 activity. Overall, our data suggest that the DM-containing cells of GBM are responsible for tumor recurrence due to their high invasiveness and radio-resistance and the mis-segregation of their DM chromosomes, to give rise to fast-growing cells lacking DM chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hong Zhou
- UC Irvine Brain Tumor Laboratory and Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Yumay Chen
- UC Irvine Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Yuanjie Hu
- UC Irvine Brain Tumor Laboratory and Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Liping Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Katherine Tran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Erich Giedzinski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ning Ru
- UC Irvine Brain Tumor Laboratory and Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alex Gau
- UC Irvine Brain Tumor Laboratory and Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Francine Pan
- UC Irvine Brain Tumor Laboratory and Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jiao Qiao
- UC Irvine Brain Tumor Laboratory and Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Naomi Atkin
- UC Irvine Brain Tumor Laboratory and Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Khang Chi Ly
- UC Irvine Brain Tumor Laboratory and Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Nathan Lee
- UC Irvine Brain Tumor Laboratory and Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Eric R Siegel
- Departments of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Mark E Linskey
- UC Irvine Brain Tumor Laboratory and Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- UC Irvine Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Charles Limoli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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Zhou YH, Chen Y, Tran K, Yu L, Linskey M, Wang P, Limoli C. RTRB-24SYMBIOSIS BETWEEN GBM CELL SUBPOPULATIONS, WITH OR WITHOUT EGFR AMPLIFICATION, IS A NEW MECHANISM OF TUMOR RESISTANCE TO RADIATION THERAPY. Neuro Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov231.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hanna N, Acharya M, Limoli C. Radiation Therapy Versus Chemotherapy Impact on Mature and Immature Neural Spine Density, In Addition to Neuronal Architecture, in the Hippocampus. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.1911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Limoli
- University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2695
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Cotter J, Baker M, Akers L, Acharya M, Limoli C, Caiozzo V. Mitochondria‐Targeted Catalase Does Not Enhance Myogenesis following Cardiotoxin Muscle Injury and Radiation Exposure. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.947.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Cotter
- KinesiologyCalifornia State UniversityLong BeachCaUnited States
- Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUnited States
- Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUnited States
| | - Michael Baker
- Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUnited States
| | - Lewis Akers
- BiologyIrvine Valley CollegeIrvineCAUnited States
| | - Munjal Acharya
- Radiation OncologyUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUnited States
| | - Charles Limoli
- Radiation OncologyUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUnited States
| | - Vincent Caiozzo
- Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUnited States
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Cotter J, Baker M, Acharya M, Limoli C, Caiozzo V. Radiation induced inhibition of myogenesis following muscle damage from cardiotoxin injection (1102.37). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.1102.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Cotter
- Physiology and Biophysics University of CaliforniaIrvine IrvineCAUnited States
| | - Michael Baker
- Orthopaedics University of CaliforniaIrvine IrvineCAUnited States
| | - Munjal Acharya
- Radiation Oncology University of CaliforniaIrvine IrvineCAUnited States
| | - Charles Limoli
- Radiation Oncology University of CaliforniaIrvine IrvineCAUnited States
| | - Vincent Caiozzo
- Orthopaedics University of CaliforniaIrvine IrvineCAUnited States
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Nelson G, Fike J, Limoli C, Obenaus A, Raber J, Soltesz I, Vlkolinský R. Responses of the central nervous system to high linear energy transfer radiation: NSCOR project highlights. J Radiat Res 2014; 55:i22-i23. [PMCID: PMC3941509 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrt214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Overview: The five-university NSCOR project investigates the responses of the central nervous system to space-like charged particle exposure by evaluating: synaptic function, in vitro and in vivo neurogenesis, behavior and behaviorally induced gene expression, and oxidative stress of the mouse hippocampus and cultured neural precursor cells. To test the role of reactive oxygen species in mediating the effects of radiation exposure, we compare responses in a catalase overexpressing transgenic mouse strain to wild type. We also use computational models of the hippocampus in three dimensions, informed by experimental measurements, to provide insight into network behavior. Radiation exposure protocols include single, acute whole-body exposures to 1H, 28Si and 56Fe ions and mixed field exposures using 1H + 56Fe ions (24 h later). The animal models are 10-week-old C57BL/6J and MCATtg males which are evaluated at 30 and 90 days postirradiation. In vitro models are cultured murine and human neural stem cells irradiated with 1H, 16O, 28Si and 56Fe ions at multiple energies and are evaluated at times from days to weeks. Highlights: Neural stem cells organized into neurospheres were irradiated with several ions at doses as low as 0.75 cGy. Data show that significant oxidative stress occurs that alters survival, proliferation and differentiation. Overall trends indicate that changes in oxidative stress (persisting for weeks) correlate with particle linear energy transfer (LET). 56Fe ions elicited the largest and most persistent changes in stress markers, including antioxidant enzyme expression levels. The hippocampus-dependent contextual fear conditioning (CFC) and novel object recognition (NOR) paradigms were used to assess cognition and showed cognitive deficits after irradiation with the NOR paradigm more sensitive than CFC. Analysis of neurogenesis indicates that overall neurogenesis is inhibited at doses ≥1 Gy, but newly born activated microglia are significantly elevated at ≥0.1 Gy. High LET radiation affects all lineages of neural precursor cells and elicits a U-shaped dose–response for cells exhibiting the astrocyte marker GFAP. In a mixed field irradiation regimen (0.1 Gy 1H, then 0.5 Gy 56Fe 24 h later), NOR was impaired with 0.1 Gy 1H or 0.1 Gy 1H + 0.5 Gy 56Fe but not with 0.5 Gy 56Fe alone. A negative correlation between newly born activated microglia and NOR or behaviorally activated Arc gene expression was observed for exposures using protons and iron ions, suggesting that neuroinflammation contributes to the cognitive injury. A set of monocyte chemoattractant chemokines was reduced after the mixed beam exposure but not after the individual exposures suggesting compensatory or adaptive responses are elicited by the proton exposure. Patch clamp recordings on principal neurons of the CA1 and DG hippocampus fields were conducted on mice irradiated with 1H, 28Si and 56Fe iron ions. Input resistance and resting membrane potential were modified by irradiation in CA1 and protons were found to be the most effective ion species. These parameters suggest that more miniature excitatory post synaptic potentials must be elicited simultaneously to initiate action potentials and therefore the neurons are less responsive post irradiation. Si- and Fe-irradiated animals showed only minor alterations in mEPSCs and mIPSCs. Granule neurons of the DG field showed no differences after 28Si irradiation, but with 56Fe significant increases in AMPA receptor-mediated mEPSC frequency were observed without affecting amplitude. This focuses attention on presynaptic glutamate release mechanisms. Functional changes in the CA1 network triggered by whole-body irradiation with protons, iron and silicon radiation were assessed with microelectrode array field recordings. Deficits in input–output curves and long-term potentiation (LTP) are observed in proton irradiated mice. In the dentate gyrus field, radiation enhanced input–output curves and LTP which is opposite of the inhibition observed for the CA1 field. This suggests that in the DG the most sensitive targets may be GABA-ergic inhibitory neurons that regulate granular cell excitability. 28Si ion effects appear to be associated with dendro-somatic coupling expected to affect signaling of the hippocampal neurons to other brain structures and vary between rostral and ventral hippocampal regions. Observations on MCATtg mice show attenuation of radiation-elicited responses, which implicates reactive oxygen species as mediators of the biological responses. Modeling activities using a high-fidelity three-dimensional model of the hippocampus have begun and allow simulation of network activities incorporating neuron structural and functional parameters measured experimentally to probe their individual and combined contributions to network behavior. Changes in firing statistics are observed after incorporating measured electrophysiological parameters into the model. Clinical trial registration number: not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Fike
- University of California San Francisco
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Artesi M, Kroonen J, Deprez M, Bredel M, Chakravarti A, Poulet C, Seute T, Rogister B, Bours V, Robe P, Liu SC, Chernikova S, Merchant M, Jang T, Zollner S, Kruschinski A, Ahn GO, Recht L, Brown M, Moyal ECJ, Delmas C, Taurand M, Mazoyer S, Farge M, Toulas C, Rao S, Thompson C, Cheng J, Haimovitz-Friedman A, Fuks Z, Kolesnick R, Wen Q, Jalilian L, Essock-Burns E, Li Y, Cha S, Chang S, Prados M, Butowski N, Nelson S, Ke C, Tran K, Di Donato AT, Ru N, Linskey ME, Limoli C, Zhou YH. RADIOBIOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Lin Y, Limoli C, Acharya M, Christie L, Bosch O, Kumar V, Hamamura M, Roa D. SU-E-T-271: Irradiating a Single Hippocampus in a Small Rodent Using VMAT- RapidArc SRS: Preliminary Data. Med Phys 2012; 39:3765-3766. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4735338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Lin
- University Of California, Irvine, Orange, CA
| | - C Limoli
- University Of California, Irvine, Orange, CA
| | - M Acharya
- University Of California, Irvine, Orange, CA
| | - L Christie
- University Of California, Irvine, Orange, CA
| | - O Bosch
- University Of California, Irvine, Orange, CA
| | - V Kumar
- University Of California, Irvine, Orange, CA
| | - M Hamamura
- University Of California, Irvine, Orange, CA
| | - D Roa
- University Of California, Irvine, Orange, CA
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Roa D, Acharya M, Bosch O, Christie L, Hamamura M, Lan M, Limoli C. Targeted Hippocampal Irradiation in a Small Rodent Using IMRS and RapidArc SRS: Preliminary Data. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.1600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Limoli C. BRAIN STEM CELL REPLACEMENT AS AN APPROACH TO REDUCING COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AFTER RADIOTHERAPY. Radiother Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(11)71741-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Elmore E, Lao XY, Kapadia R, Giedzinski E, Limoli C, Redpath JL. Low Doses of Very Low-Dose-Rate Low-LET Radiation Suppress Radiation-Induced Neoplastic TransformationIn Vitroand Induce an Adaptive Response. Radiat Res 2008; 169:311-8. [DOI: 10.1667/rr1199.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2007] [Accepted: 11/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kondo H, Limoli C, Searby ND, Almeida EAC, Loftus DJ, Vercoutere W, Morey-Holton E, Giedzinski E, Mojarrab R, Hilton D, Globus RK. Shared oxidative pathways in response to gravity-dependent loading and gamma-irradiation of bone marrow-derived skeletal cell progenitors. Radiats Biol Radioecol 2007; 47:281-5. [PMID: 17867495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Astronauts are exposed to radiation during space travel under conditions of dramatically reduced weightbearing activity. However, we know little about how gravity-dependent loading affects tissue sensitivity to radiation. We hypothesize gravity-dependent loading and irradiation share common molecular signaling pathways in bone cell progenitors that are sensitive to stress-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), species capable of impacting skeletal health. To address this, progenitor cells with potential to differentiate into bone-forming osteoblasts were extracted from bone marrow, then cells were centrifuged (from 5-gravity (g) to 50-g for 5-180 min) on day 2 in culture, or were exposed to a single dose (1-5 Gy) of irradiation (137Cs 1 Gy/min) on day 3 or 4. Production of ROS was measured via fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) using an oxidation-sensitive dye. Cell numbers were assessed by measurement of DNA content (CyQUANT). Osteoblastogenesis was estimated by measurement of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and production of mineralized matrix (Alizarin Red staining). Transient centrifugation was a potent stimulus to bone marrow stromal cells, increasing production of ROS (1.2-fold), cell number (1.5-fold to 2.2-fold), and ALP activity (2.7-fold). Radiation also caused dose- and time-dependent increases in ROS production (1.1-fold to 1.4-fold) by bone marrow stromal cells, but inhibited subsequent osteoblast differentiation. In summary, gravity-dependent loading by centrifugation stimulated ROS production and increased numbers of osteoblasts. Although radiation increased production of ROS by bone marrow stromal cells, cell number and differentiation of osteoprogenitors appeared reduced. We conclude gravity-dependent loading and radiation both stimulate production of ROS and affect critical bone cell functions including growth and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kondo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
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