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Koczo A, Rao A, Starling RC, Cooper LT, Dec GW, Alexis JD, Gorcsan J, McTiernan C, McNamara DM. Sex Differences in Myocardial Histology, Gene Expression, and Myocardial Recovery in Recent-Onset Cardiomyopathy. JACC Heart Fail 2023; 11:1757-1759. [PMID: 37737762 PMCID: PMC10926183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Koczo
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Anjali Rao
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - G William Dec
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - John Gorcsan
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Charles McTiernan
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dennis M McNamara
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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2
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Rajaratnam A, El‐Swais A, McTiernan C, Thoma FW, Baghal MO, Raffensperger K, Chang CH, Hickey GW, Shah FA, Al Ghouleh I. Persistence of pulmonary hypertension in patients undergoing ventricular assist devices and orthotopic heart transplantation. Pulm Circ 2023; 13:e12296. [PMID: 37908845 PMCID: PMC10614205 DOI: 10.1002/pul2.12296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is common in advanced heart failure and often improves quickly after left ventricular assist device (VAD) implantation or orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT), but long-term effects and outcomes are not well-described. This study evaluated PH persistence after VAD as destination therapy (VAD-DT), bridge to transplant (VAD-OHT), or OHT-alone. The study constituted a retrospective review of patients who underwent VAD-DT (n = 164), VAD-OHT (n = 111), or OHT-alone (n = 138) at a single tertiary-care center. Right heart catheterization (RHC) data was collected pre-, post-intervention (VAD and/or OHT), and 1-year from final intervention (latest-RHC) to evaluate the longitudinal hemodynamic course of right ventricular function and pulmonary vasculature. PH (Group II and Group I) definitions were adapted from expert guidelines. All groups showed significant improvements in mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP), pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP), cardiac output, and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) at each RHC with greatest improvement at post-intervention RHC (post-VAD or post-OHT). PH was reduced from 98% to 26% in VAD-OHT, 92%-49% in VAD-DT, and 76%-28% in OHT-alone from preintervention to latest-RHC. At latest-RHC mPAP remained elevated in all groups despite normalization of PAWP and PVR. VAD-supported patients exhibited suppressed pulmonary artery pulsatility index (PaPi < 3.7) with improvement only posttransplant at latest-RHC. Posttransplant patients with PH at latest-RHC (n = 60) exhibited lower survival (HR: 2.1 [95% CI: 1.3-3.4], p < 0.001). Despite an overall significant improvement in pulmonary pressures and PH proportion, a notable subset of patients exhibited PH post-intervention. Post-intervention PH was associated with lower posttransplant survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Rajaratnam
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Charles McTiernan
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Medicine, Division of CardiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Floyd W. Thoma
- Department of Medicine, Division of CardiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Moaaz O. Baghal
- Department of CardiologyMercy Health St. Vincent's Medical CenterToledoOhioUSA
| | - Kristen Raffensperger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Chung‐Chou H. Chang
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Gavin W. Hickey
- Department of Medicine, Division of CardiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Faraaz A. Shah
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Imad Al Ghouleh
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Medicine, Division of CardiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical BiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
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Henpita C, Vyas R, Healy CL, Kieu TL, Gurkar AU, Yousefzadeh MJ, Cui Y, Lu A, Angelini LA, O'Kelly RD, McGowan SJ, Chandrasekhar S, Vanderpool RR, Hennessy‐Wack D, Ross MA, Bachman TN, McTiernan C, Pillai SPS, Ladiges W, Lavasani M, Huard J, Beer‐Stolz D, St. Croix CM, Watkins SC, Robbins PD, Mora AL, Kelley EE, Wang Y, O'Connell TD, Niedernhofer LJ. Loss of DNA repair mechanisms in cardiac myocytes induce dilated cardiomyopathy. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13782. [PMID: 36734200 PMCID: PMC10086531 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy is a progressive disease of the myocardium leading to impaired contractility. Genotoxic cancer therapies are known to be potent drivers of cardiomyopathy, whereas causes of spontaneous disease remain unclear. To test the hypothesis that endogenous genotoxic stress contributes to cardiomyopathy, we deleted the DNA repair gene Ercc1 specifically in striated muscle using a floxed allele of Ercc1 and mice expressing Cre under control of the muscle-specific creatinine kinase (Ckmm) promoter or depleted systemically (Ercc1-/D mice). Ckmm-Cre+/- ;Ercc1-/fl mice expired suddenly of heart disease by 7 months of age. As young adults, the hearts of Ckmm-Cre+/- ;Ercc1-/fl mice were structurally and functionally normal, but by 6-months-of-age, there was significant ventricular dilation, wall thinning, interstitial fibrosis, and systolic dysfunction indicative of dilated cardiomyopathy. Cardiac tissue from the tissue-specific or systemic model showed increased apoptosis and cardiac myocytes from Ckmm-Cre+/- ;Ercc1-/fl mice were hypersensitive to genotoxins, resulting in apoptosis. p53 levels and target gene expression, including several antioxidants, were increased in cardiac tissue from Ckmm-Cre+/- ;Ercc1-/fl and Ercc1-/D mice. Despite this, cardiac tissue from older mutant mice showed evidence of increased oxidative stress. Genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of p53 attenuated apoptosis and improved disease markers. Similarly, overexpression of mitochondrial-targeted catalase improved disease markers. Together, these data support the conclusion that DNA damage produced endogenously can drive cardiac disease and does so mechanistically via chronic activation of p53 and increased oxidative stress, driving cardiac myocyte apoptosis, dilated cardiomyopathy, and sudden death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chathurika Henpita
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Rajesh Vyas
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
- Department of Molecular MedicineScripps Research InstituteJupiterFloridaUSA
| | - Chastity L. Healy
- Department of Integrative Biology and PhysiologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Tra L. Kieu
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Aditi U. Gurkar
- Department of Molecular MedicineScripps Research InstituteJupiterFloridaUSA
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Aging InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Matthew J. Yousefzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
- Department of Molecular MedicineScripps Research InstituteJupiterFloridaUSA
| | - Yuxiang Cui
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California, RiversideRiversideCaliforniaUSA
| | - Aiping Lu
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Steadman Philippon Research InstituteVailColoradoUSA
| | - Luise A. Angelini
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
- Department of Molecular MedicineScripps Research InstituteJupiterFloridaUSA
| | - Ryan D. O'Kelly
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
- Department of Molecular MedicineScripps Research InstituteJupiterFloridaUSA
| | - Sara J. McGowan
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
- Department of Molecular MedicineScripps Research InstituteJupiterFloridaUSA
| | - Sanjay Chandrasekhar
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Rebecca R. Vanderpool
- Division of Cardiology, Heart and Vascular InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Danielle Hennessy‐Wack
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Mark A. Ross
- Center for Biologic ImagingUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Timothy N. Bachman
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Charles McTiernan
- Division of Cardiology, Heart and Vascular InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Warren Ladiges
- Department of Comparative MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Mitra Lavasani
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationNorthwestern University and Shirley Ryan Ability LabChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Johnny Huard
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Steadman Philippon Research InstituteVailColoradoUSA
| | - Donna Beer‐Stolz
- Center for Biologic ImagingUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Cell BiologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Claudette M. St. Croix
- Center for Biologic ImagingUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Cell BiologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Simon C. Watkins
- Center for Biologic ImagingUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Cell BiologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Paul D. Robbins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
- Department of Molecular MedicineScripps Research InstituteJupiterFloridaUSA
| | - Ana L. Mora
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, College of MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Eric E. Kelley
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWest VirginiaUSA
| | - Yinsheng Wang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California, RiversideRiversideCaliforniaUSA
| | - Timothy D. O'Connell
- Department of Integrative Biology and PhysiologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Laura J. Niedernhofer
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Institute on the Biology of Aging and MetabolismUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
- Department of Molecular MedicineScripps Research InstituteJupiterFloridaUSA
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Rajaratnam A, El-Swais A, McTiernan C, Al Ghouleh I. PERSISTENCE OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION IN PATIENTS WITH VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICES. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(21)02118-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Koczo A, Marino A, Jeyabalan A, Elkayam U, Cooper LT, Fett J, Briller J, Hsich E, Blauwet L, McTiernan C, Morel PA, Hanley-Yanez K, McNamara DM. Breastfeeding, Cellular Immune Activation, and Myocardial Recovery in Peripartum Cardiomyopathy. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2019; 4:291-300. [PMID: 31312753 PMCID: PMC6609998 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The etiology of peripartum cardiomyopathy remains unknown. One hypothesis is that an increase in the 16-kDa form of prolactin is pathogenic and suggests that breastfeeding may worsen peripartum cardiomyopathy by increasing prolactin, while bromocriptine, which blocks prolactin release, may be therapeutic. An autoimmune etiology has also been proposed. The authors investigated the impact of breastfeeding on cellular immunity and myocardial recovery for women with peripartum cardiomyopathy in the IPAC (Investigations in Pregnancy Associated Cardiomyopathy) study. Women who breastfed had elevated prolactin, and prolactin levels correlated with elevations in CD8+ T cells. However, despite elevated prolactin and cytotoxic T cell subsets, myocardial recovery was not impaired in breastfeeding women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Koczo
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Amy Marino
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Arun Jeyabalan
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Uri Elkayam
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - James Fett
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | | | - Penelope A Morel
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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6
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Nayak A, Neill C, Kormos R, Lagazzi L, Halder I, McTiernan C, Larsen J, Teuteberg J, Bachman T, Hanley-Yanez K, McNamara D, Simon M. Chemokine Receptor Regulation in Mechanical Circulatory Support to Predict RV Failure and Mortality is Dependent on Etiology. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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7
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Nayak A, Neill C, Kormos R, Lagazzi L, Halder I, McTiernan C, Larsen J, Inashvili A, Teuteberg J, Bachman T, Hanley-Yanez K, McNamara D, Simon M. Pre-Implant Under-Expression of CCR3 and Its Ligands Predicts One-Year Mortality in Left Ventricular Assist Device Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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8
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Lander M, Mercurio M, Hanley-Yanez K, Sharbaugh M, Althouse A, Simon M, Teuteberg J, Lagazzi L, Sciortino C, McTiernan C, Kormos R, McNamara D. Neopterin Elevation and Survival Following Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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9
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Nayak A, Neill C, Kormos RL, Lagazzi L, Halder I, McTiernan C, Larsen J, Inashvili A, Teuteberg J, Bachman TN, Hanley-Yanez K, McNamara DM, Simon MA. Chemokine receptor patterns and right heart failure in mechanical circulatory support. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016; 36:657-665. [PMID: 28209402 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Right ventricular failure (RVF) complicates 9% to 44% of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implants post-operatively. Current prediction scores perform only modestly in validation studies, and do not include immune markers. Chemokines are inflammatory signaling molecules with a fundamental role in cardiac physiology and stress adaptation. In this study we investigated chemokine receptor regulation in LVAD recipients who develop RVF. METHODS Expression of chemokine receptor (CCR) genes 3 to 8 were examined in the peripheral blood of 111 LVAD patients, collected 24 hours before implant. RNA was isolated using a PAXgene protocol. Gene expression was assessed using a targeted microarray (RT2 Profiler PCR Array; Qiagen). Results were expressed as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) cycles to threshold and normalized to the average of 3 control genes, glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1 (HPRT1) and β2-microglobulin (B2M). Secondary outcomes studied were 1-year mortality and long-term RV failure (RVF-LT). RESULTS CCR3, CCR4, CCR6, CCR7 and CCR8 were downregulated in LVAD recipients with RVF. Within this cohort of patients, CCR4, CCR7 and CCR8 were further downregulated in those who required RV mechanical support. In addition, under-expression of CCR3 to CCR8 was independently associated with an increased risk of mortality at 1 year, even after adjusting for RVF. CCR expression did not predict RVF-LT in our patient cohort. CONCLUSIONS Pre-LVAD CCR downregulation is associated with RVF and increased mortality after implant. Inflammatory signatures may play a major role in prognostication in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Nayak
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Colin Neill
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert L Kormos
- Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Luigi Lagazzi
- Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Indrani Halder
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Charles McTiernan
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jennifer Larsen
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ana Inashvili
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeffrey Teuteberg
- Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Timothy N Bachman
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Karen Hanley-Yanez
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dennis M McNamara
- Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marc A Simon
- Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Nayak A, Bachman T, Hanley-Yanez K, McTiernan C, McNamara D, Kormos R, Hunter O, Inashvili A, Lagazzi L, Teuteberg J, Simon M. Chemokine Receptor Down Regulation in Mechanical Circulatory Support Patients with Right Ventricular Failure. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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McNamara DM, Cooper L, Sheppard R, Alexis J, Pauly D, Hanley-Yanez K, Halder I, McTiernan C. SOLUBLE IL2 RECEPTOR AND SURVIVAL IN RECENT ONSET CARDIOMYOPATHY: RESULTS OF IMAC2. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(16)31541-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bachman T, Vanderpool R, Jacus M, Nayak A, Hunter O, Inashvili A, Lagazzi L, Teuteberg J, McTiernan C, Hanley-Yanez K, McNamara D, Kormos R, Simon M. Right Ventricular Failure in Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Devices Is Associated with Downregulated Chemokine Receptors and Altered Right Ventricular Pressure Waveforms. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Abstract
Biomedical advances over the last decade have identified the central role of proliferative pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) in the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Furthermore, promoters of proliferation and apoptosis resistance in PASMCs and endothelial cells, such as aberrant signal pathways involving growth factors, G protein-coupled receptors, kinases, and microRNAs, have also been described. As a result of these discoveries, PH is currently divided into subgroups based on the underlying pathology, which allows focused and targeted treatment of the condition. The defining features of PH, which subsequently lead to vascular wall remodeling, are dysregulated proliferation of PASMCs, local inflammation, and apoptosis-resistant endothelial cells. Efforts to assess the relative contributions of these factors have generated several promising targets. This review discusses recent novel targets of therapies for PH that have been developed as a result of these advances, which are now in pre-clinical and clinical trials (e.g., imatinib [phase III]; nilotinib, AT-877ER, rituximab, tacrolimus, paroxetine, sertraline, fluoxetine, bardoxolone methyl [phase II]; and sorafenib, FK506, aviptadil, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) [phase I]). While substantial progress has been made in recent years in targeting key molecular pathways, PH still remains without a cure, and these novel therapies provide an important conceptual framework of categorizing patients on the basis of molecular phenotype(s) for effective treatment of the disease.
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Boehmer JP, Starling RC, Cooper LT, Torre-Amione G, Wittstein I, Dec GW, Markham DW, Zucker MJ, Gorcsan J, McTiernan C, Kip K, McNamara DM. Left Ventricular Assist Device Support and Myocardial Recovery in Recent Onset Cardiomyopathy. J Card Fail 2012; 18:755-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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McNamara DM, Elkayam U, Cooper LT, Pisarcik J, Gorcsan J, Schelbert EB, McTiernan C, Fett JD. Design of the Investigations in Pregnancy Associated Cardiomyopathy (IPAC) Trial: A Multicenter Investigation of Immune Pathogenesis and Myocardial Recovery in Peripartum Cardiomyopathy. J Card Fail 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2011.06.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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16
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Moore AG, Simon M, Lemster B, Gorcsan J, McTiernan C, Ramani R. Right Ventricular Failure in Patients Requiring Mechanical Circulatory Assistance Is Associated with Elevated miR-15b Expression. J Card Fail 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2011.06.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Liu J, McTiernan C, Lemster B, London B, Ramani R. MYOCARDIAL MICRORNAS AND ION CHANNELS ARE DOWNREGULATED IN HEART FAILURE PATIENTS WITH SEVERE VENTRICULAR TACHYARRHYTHMIAS. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(11)60076-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Saba SF, Mehdi H, Islam Z, Termanini S, Mahjoub R, Aleong R, McTiernan C, London B. NOS1AP POLYMORPHISMS AFFECT NOS1AP RNA LEVELS IN CARDIAC TISSUE RECOVERED FROM EXTRACTED PACEMAKER AND DEFIBRILLATOR LEADS. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(11)60004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Teuteberg J, Lockard K, Hanley-Yanez K, Janosko K, Bermudez C, Bhama J, Ramani R, Simon M, Kormos R, McTiernan C. 562: Peripheral Transcriptomes after Continuous Flow LVAD Support: Improved Inflammatory Signature after One Month. J Heart Lung Transplant 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2009.11.580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Teuteberg JJ, Lockard K, Hanley-Yanez K, Janosko K, DeGore L, Bermudez C, Bhama J, Ramani R, Simon M, Ishizawar D, McTiernan C, Kormos RL, McNamara D. Peripheral Transcriptomes in End-Stage Heart Failure: Inflammatory Signature Pre LVAD. J Card Fail 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2009.06.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ramani R, Nakao A, McNamara D, Lemster B, Kormos R, McTiernan C. 335: Mechanical Unloading Induces Differential Changes in Cardiac MicroRNA Expression. J Heart Lung Transplant 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2008.11.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Ramani R, Lemster B, Samarendra V, McNamara D, Kormos R, Gorcsan J, McTiernan C. Alterations in MicroRNAs Are Associated with Myocardial Recovery in Severe Heart Failure Patients on Mechanical Circulatory Support. J Card Fail 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2008.06.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Teuteberg J, Janosko KM, Starling R, Torre-Amione G, Dec GW, McTiernan C, McNamara DM. Gender Differences in Myocardial Histology and Gene Expression in Recent Onset Cardiomyopathy: Implications for Recovery. J Card Fail 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2006.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- O O Meyer
- Medical Laboratories of the Collis P. Huntington Memorial Hospital of Harvard University, Boston
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Abstract
Over the past decade, a large number of studies have demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) plays an important role in the development of heart failure. Indeed, administration of TNFalpha to experimental animals and transgenic over-expression of TNFalpha replicate the heart failure phenotype. Furthermore, attenuation of the biologic activity of TNFalpha abrogates the development of heart failure in model systems. These pre-clinical studies, suggested that anti-cytokine therapy could prove beneficial in the treatment of patients with heart failure. While early studies supported this hypothesis, anti-TNF strategies have not demonstrated salutary benefits in large, multicenter randomized and placebo-controlled clinical trials in patients with symptomatic heart failure. This finding was disappointing. However, recent studies might provide clarification of this conundrum. For example, the failure to elicit beneficial effects with anti-cytokine therapy might be explained by novel pharmacogenomic or pharmacodynamic effects, the design of the Phase III clinical trials, or discordance between animal models and the human condition. Thus, appropriately designed clinical trials and newer anticytokine agents may demonstrate benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur M Feldman
- Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Room 822, 1025 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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Bedi MS, Sheppard R, Kubota T, Rosenblum WD, Shears L, Kormos R, Mathier M, MacGowan GA, Murali S, McTiernan C, McNamara D. Myocardial apoptosis gene expression in end-stage heart failure: effect of left ventricular assist device support. J Card Fail 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1071-9164(03)00139-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Combes A, McTiernan C, Brooks SS, Feldman AM. UV light synergistically enhances the cardiotoxic effects of interleukin 1beta through peroxynitrite formation. J Card Fail 2001; 7:165-75. [PMID: 11420769 DOI: 10.1054/jcaf.2001.25226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proinflammatory cytokines play an important role in chronic cardiac diseases. METHODS AND RESULTS Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were exposed to interleukin (IL)-1beta (2 ng/mL) for 4 days. We assessed contractility through videomicroscopy and calcium transients with the Ca(2+)-sensitive dye fura-2. In IL-1beta-treated cells, the UV excitation (380 nm) necessary to induce dye fluorescence effected a rapid cessation of Ca(2+) transients and contraction, accompanied by calcium overload originating from an intracellular compartment. This occurred in the absence of fura-2 but required UV illumination. Incubation with 10 mmol/L N-acetylcysteine prevented this response, suggesting a free radical-mediated event. However, exposure to IL-1beta either increased or did not change the activity of the free radical scavengers superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. In contrast, lipid peroxidation increased by 600% (P < or =.0001) in the IL-1beta plus UV-treated cells, an effect eliminated by L-NMMA. L-NMMA also completely abolished the UV-mediated cytotoxicity. We used immunohistochemistry to localize nitrotyrosine accumulation in the myocytes cotreated with IL-1beta and UV, an effect that was also blocked by L-NMMA. CONCLUSIONS We hypothesize that the toxic radical peroxynitrite, arising from nitric oxide and superoxide anion, may be responsible for tetany and acute cardiomyocyte death. These results demonstrate the potential role of peroxynitrite in cardiotoxicity, which may be important in cardiac diseases associated with proinflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Combes
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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Abstract
Recent studies have focused their attention on the role of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the development of heart failure. First recognized as an endotoxin-induced serum factor that caused necrosis of tumors and cachexia, it is now recognized that TNF participates in the pathophysiology of a group of inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease. The normal heart does not express TNF; however, the failing heart produces robust quantities. Furthermore, there is a direct relationship between the level of TNF expression and the severity of disease. In addition, both in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrate that TNF effects cellular and biochemical changes that mirror those seen in patients with congestive heart failure. Furthermore, in animal models, the development of the heart failure phenotype can be abrogated at least in part by anticytokine therapy. Based on information from experimental studies, investigators are now evaluating the clinical efficacy of novel anticytokine and anti-TNF strategies in patients with heart failure; one such strategy is the use of a recombinantly produced chimeric TNF alpha soluble receptor. Thus, in view of the emerging importance of proinflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of heart disease, we review the biology of TNF, its role in inflammatory diseases, the effects of TNF on the physiology of the heart and the development of clinical strategies that target the cytokine pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Feldman
- Cardiovascular Institute of the UPMC Health System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
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Abstract
PURPOSE The anesthetic management of a parturient with Strumpell's disease (hereditary or familial spastic paraparesis) who presented for Cesarean section is described. This neurological disorder is briefly reviewed and anesthetic implications of the condition are discussed. CLINICAL FEATURES A 30-yr-old woman in premature labour presented for Cesarean section. She had bilateral lower limb spastic paresis which had resulted in her being confined to a wheelchair from the age of 13 yr. A diagnosis of Strumpell's disease had been made in childhood. She was currently receiving thromboprophylaxis, having suffered a deep venous thrombosis four weeks after a previous Cesarean section. The patient was in mild respiratory distress. Despite a history of uneventful general anesthesia and the aforementioned complicating factors, epidural anesthesia was considered the most appropriate technique in these circumstances. An epidural catheter was sited at the L3-L4 interspace. Adequate anesthesia for the procedure was obtained after administration of 20 ml lidocaine 2% with 100 microg epinephrine and 100 microg fentanyl in saline. Postoperatively and at six month follow-up there were no neurological complications related to the use of epidural anesthesia. CONCLUSION Strumpell's disease is an inherited progressive spastic paresis predominantly affecting the lower extremities. Epidural anesthesia appears to be an appropriate technique when administering anesthesia for Cesarean section under similar circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- C McTiernan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Haugesund General Hospital, Norway.
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Sjøen GH, McTiernan C. [A 70-year old male with prolonged paralysis after spinal anesthesia]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1999; 119:2204-6. [PMID: 10402917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Anesthesia, Epidural/adverse effects
- Anesthesia, Epidural/instrumentation
- Anesthesia, Spinal/adverse effects
- Anesthesia, Spinal/instrumentation
- Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage
- Anesthetics, Local/adverse effects
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial/chemically induced
- Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial/diagnosis
- Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial/etiology
- Humans
- Male
- Needles/adverse effects
- Paralysis/chemically induced
- Paralysis/diagnosis
- Paralysis/etiology
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Affiliation(s)
- G H Sjøen
- Avdeling for anestesiologi og operasjon Fylkessjukehuset i Haugesund
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Feldman AM, Kubota T, Li YY, Wagner D, Combes A, McTiernan C. Evidence of phenotypic alteration as a cause of systolic dysfunction in the failing heart. Cardiol Clin 1998; 16:677-89, ix. [PMID: 9891597 DOI: 10.1016/s0733-8651(05)70044-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This article describes the phenotype of dilated cardiomyopathy in humans and describes parallel studies in experimental models that support or refute the relevance of these changes to the development of the heart failure phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Feldman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA
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Wagner DR, McTiernan C, Feldman AM. Differential effects of exogenous and endogenous adenosine on myocardial proinflammatory cytokine gene expression. J Card Fail 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1071-9164(98)90063-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of congestive heart failure. Recent studies have shown that adenosine inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of TNF-alpha in macrophages and rat cardiomyocytes. The aim of this study was to determine whether adenosine has a similar effect in the failing human heart. METHODS AND RESULTS Left ventricular muscle strips were obtained from seven patients with end-stage congestive heart failure undergoing heart transplantation or insertion of a left ventricular assist device. The muscle strips were incubated at 37 degrees C in 95% O2/5% CO2 and stimulated with LPS (10 microg/mL). TNF-alpha release in the supernatant was measured with ELISA, and muscle sections were stained for TNF-alpha. Muscle strips released TNF-alpha in the absence of LPS (0.22+/-0.05 pg x mL(-1) x mg wet wt[-1]). TNF-alpha was immunolocalized to the cardiac myocyte, suggesting that the myocyte is a source for TNF-alpha production. Adenosine (10 micromol/L) decreased TNF-alpha by 40% (P<.05). The selective adenosine A2 receptor agonist DPMA (10 micromol/L) decreased TNF-alpha release by 87% (P<.001), whereas ITu (10 micromol/L), an adenosine-regulating agent that increases endogenous adenosine concentration, inhibited TNF-alpha release by 93% (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Adenosine can significantly diminish TNF levels in the failing human heart and may represent a new pharmacological intervention in congestive heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Wagner
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Division of Cardiology, Pa 15213, USA
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Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is elevated in the failing heart. Very little is known about regulation of TNF-alpha in cardiomyocytes. TNF-alpha expression by macrophages is diminished by adenosine. Therefore, we hypothesized that a similar mechanism might occur in the heart. Neonatal rat myocytes were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and TNF-alpha was measured by ELISA. In the absence of LPS, myocytes did not release TNF-alpha in the medium. After exposure to LPS, TNF-alpha increased to 70.1+/-3.5 pg/mL at 6 hours. Immunofluorescent staining confirmed that TNF-alpha was expressed in myocytes. Adenosine decreased TNF-alpha in a dose-dependent manner (1 to 100 micromol/L, 37% to 65% decrease, P<.01). Adenosine also decreased TNF-alpha in cell homogenates by 78% (P<.0001). The effect of adenosine could be replicated by the A2 agonist PD-125944 (DPMA), by cAMP agonists 8-bromo-cAMP, forskolin, and Ro 20-1724, but not by A1 and A3 agonists. Conversely, the effect of adenosine could be suppressed by the adenylate cyclase inhibitor MDL-12,330. Adenosine also inhibited TNF-alpha in adult rat ventricular myocytes (-60%, P<.005) and rat papillary muscles (-55%, P<.05). In neonatal myocytes, adenosine normalized LPS-induced calcium changes and improved LPS-induced negative inotropic (P<.01) and negative lusitropic (P<.01) effects. Our results demonstrate that adenosine can significantly diminish TNF-alpha levels in the heart. The effect appears to be mediated by the A2 receptor and transduced through a G protein-adenylyl cyclase pathway. These results may explain some cardioprotective effects of adenosine and provide a novel pharmacological intervention in congestive heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Wagner
- Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA 15213, USA
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Ganapathi MK, Kwon M, Haney PM, McTiernan C, Javed AA, Pepin RA, Samols D, Patel MS. Cloning of rat brain succinyl-CoA:3-oxoacid CoA-transferase cDNA. Regulation of the mRNA in different rat tissues and during brain development. Biochem J 1987; 248:853-7. [PMID: 2893604 PMCID: PMC1148627 DOI: 10.1042/bj2480853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
3-Oxoacid CoA-transferase, which catalyses the first committed step in the oxidation of ketone bodies, is uniquely regulated in developing rat brain. Changes in 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase activity in rat brain during the postnatal period are due to changes in the relative rate of synthesis of the enzyme. To study the regulation of this enzyme, we identified, with a specific polyclonal rabbit anti-(rat 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase), two positive cDNA clones (approx. 800 bp) in a lambda gtll expression library, constructed from poly(A)+ RNA from brains of 12-day-old rats. One of these clones (lambda CoA3) was subcloned into M13mp18 and subjected to further characterization. Labelled single-stranded probes prepared by primer extension of the M13mp18 recombinant hybridized to a 3.6 kb mRNA. Rat brain mRNA enriched by polysome immunoadsorption for a single protein of size 60 kDa which corresponds to the precursor form of 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase was also found to be similarly enriched for the hybridizable 3.6 kb mRNA complementary to lambda CoA3. Affinity-selected antibody to the lambda CoA3 fusion protein inhibited 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase activity present in rat brain mitochondrial extracts. The 3.6 kb mRNA for 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase was present in relative abundance in rat kidney and heart, to a lesser extent in suckling brain and mammary gland and negligible in the liver. The specific mRNA was also found to be 3-fold more abundant in the brain from 12-day-old rats as compared with 18-day-old foetuses and adult rats, corresponding to the enzyme activity and relative rate of synthesis profile during development. These data suggest that 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase enzyme activity is regulated at a pretranslational level.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Ganapathi
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106
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McTiernan C, Adkins S, Chatonnet A, Vaughan TA, Bartels CF, Kott M, Rosenberry TL, La Du BN, Lockridge O. Brain cDNA clone for human cholinesterase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1987; 84:6682-6. [PMID: 3477799 PMCID: PMC299147 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.84.19.6682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A cDNA library from human basal ganglia was screened with oligonucleotide probes corresponding to portions of the amino acid sequence of human serum cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8). Five overlapping clones, representing 2.4 kilobases, were isolated. The sequenced cDNA contained 207 base pairs of coding sequence 5' to the amino terminus of the mature protein in which there were four ATG translation start sites in the same reading frame as the protein. Only the ATG coding for Met-(-28) lay within a favorable consensus sequence for functional initiators. There were 1722 base pairs of coding sequence corresponding to the protein found circulating in human serum. The amino acid sequence deduced from the cDNA exactly matched the 574 amino acid sequence of human serum cholinesterase, as previously determined by Edman degradation. Therefore, our clones represented cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8) rather than acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7). It was concluded that the amino acid sequences of cholinesterase from two different tissues, human brain and human serum, were identical. Hybridization of genomic DNA blots suggested that a single gene, or very few genes, coded for cholinesterase.
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Affiliation(s)
- C McTiernan
- Pharmacology Department, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106
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Meyer OO, McTiernan C. A Study of the Relationship of Internal Secretions to the Metabolism of Malignant Tumor Tissue. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1934. [DOI: 10.1158/ajc.1934.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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