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Tseng WH, Chang CK, Wu PC, Hu NJ, Lee GH, Tzeng CC, Neidle S, Hou MH. Induced-Fit Recognition of CCG Trinucleotide Repeats by a Nickel-Chromomycin Complex Resulting in Large-Scale DNA Deformation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201703989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hsuan Tseng
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics; National Chung Hsing University; 250 Kuo-kuang Rd. Taichung Taiwan
| | - Chung-ke Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences; Academia Sinica; 128 Sec. 2, Academia Rd. Nankang Taipei Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ching Wu
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics; National Chung Hsing University; 250 Kuo-kuang Rd. Taichung Taiwan
| | - Nien-Jen Hu
- Institute of Biochemistry; National Chung Hsing University; 250 Kuo-kuang Rd. Taichung Taiwan
| | - Gene-Hsiang Lee
- Instrumentation Center; College of Science; National Taiwan University; No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd. Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ching-Cherng Tzeng
- Department of Pathology; Chi Mei Medical Center; No.901, Zhonghua Rd. Tainan Taiwan
| | - Stephen Neidle
- The School of Pharmacy; University College London; London WC1N 1AX UK
| | - Ming-Hon Hou
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics; National Chung Hsing University; 250 Kuo-kuang Rd. Taichung Taiwan
- Institute of Biotechnology; National Chung Hsing University; 250 Kuo-kuang Rd. Taichung Taiwan
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Tseng WH, Chang CK, Wu PC, Hu NJ, Lee GH, Tzeng CC, Neidle S, Hou MH. Induced-Fit Recognition of CCG Trinucleotide Repeats by a Nickel-Chromomycin Complex Resulting in Large-Scale DNA Deformation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:8761-8765. [PMID: 28544401 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201703989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Small-molecule compounds targeting trinucleotide repeats in DNA have considerable potential as therapeutic or diagnostic agents against many neurological diseases. NiII (Chro)2 (Chro=chromomycin A3) binds specifically to the minor groove of (CCG)n repeats in duplex DNA, with unique fluorescence features that may serve as a probe for disease detection. Crystallographic studies revealed that the specificity originates from the large-scale spatial rearrangement of the DNA structure, including extrusion of consecutive bases and backbone distortions, with a sharp bending of the duplex accompanied by conformational changes in the NiII chelate itself. The DNA deformation of CCG repeats upon binding forms a GGCC tetranucleotide tract, which is recognized by NiII (Chro)2 . The extruded cytosine and last guanine nucleotides form water-mediated hydrogen bonds, which aid in ligand recognition. The recognition can be accounted for by the classic induced-fit paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hsuan Tseng
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-kuang Rd., Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ke Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec. 2, Academia Rd. Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ching Wu
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-kuang Rd., Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Nien-Jen Hu
- Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-kuang Rd., Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Gene-Hsiang Lee
- Instrumentation Center, College of Science, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Cherng Tzeng
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, No.901, Zhonghua Rd., Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Stephen Neidle
- The School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Ming-Hon Hou
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-kuang Rd., Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-kuang Rd., Taichung, Taiwan
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Li CF, Fang FM, Wang JM, Tzeng CC, Tai HC, Wei YC, Li SH, Lee YT, Wang YH, Yu SC, Shiue YL, Chu PYW, Wang WL, Chen LT, Huang HY. EGFR Nuclear Import in Gallbladder Carcinoma: Nuclear Phosphorylated EGFR Upregulates iNOS Expression and Confers Independent Prognostic Impact. Ann Surg Oncol 2011; 19:443-54. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-011-1942-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Chen TH, Tzeng CC, Wang CC, Wu SM, Chang JG, Yang SN, Hung CH, Jong YJ. Identification of bidirectional gene conversion between SMN1 and SMN2 by simultaneous analysis of SMN dosage and hybrid genes in a Chinese population. J Neurol Sci 2011; 308:83-7. [PMID: 21705024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2011.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by programmed motoneuron death. The survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene is an SMA-determining gene and SMN2 represents an SMA-modifying gene. Here, we applied capillary electrophoresis to quantify the SMN gene dosage in 163 normal individuals, 94 SMA patients and 138 of their parents. We further quantified exons 7 and 8 in SMN1 and SMN2. We found that the SMA patients carried the highest SMN2 copies, which was inversely correlated with disease severity among its three subtypes. Increased SMN1 was significantly associated with decreased SMN2 in the normal group. We also observed that parents of type I SMA patients had significantly fewer SMN2 copies than those of types II and III patients. The hybrid SMN genes were detected in two normal individuals and one patient and her mother. These results imply that increased SMN2 copies in SMA patient group might be derived from SMN1-to-SMN2 conversion, whereas the trend that normal individuals with higher SMN1 copies simultaneously carry fewer SMN2 copies suggested a reverse conversion, SMN2-to-SMN1. Together with the identification of hybrid SMN genes, our data provided additional evidence to support that SMN1 and SMN2 gene loci are interchangeable between population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Heng Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Fong Y, Lin YS, Liou CP, Li CF, Tzeng CC. Chromosomal imbalances in lung adenocarcinomas with or without mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor gene. Respirology 2010; 15:700-5. [PMID: 20409020 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2010.01746.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are common in lung adenocarcinomas of Asian patients, implying a good response to treatment with the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, gefitinib and erlotinib. However, the distinct chromosomal imbalances between lung adenocarcinomas with and those without EGFR mutations have not been fully elucidated. METHODS Seventy-seven patients of surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma were analysed for the EGFR exon 19 deletion and the L858R mutation, using mutant-enriched PCR, and for chromosomal imbalance alterations using comparative genomic hybridization. RESULTS EGFR mutations were detected in 42 (54.5%) patients, including 22 with the exon 19 deletion and 20 with the L858R mutation. The mean number of chromosomal arms with imbalance alterations was significantly higher in tumours with EGFR mutations than in those lacking these two mutations. The minimal regions with gain on 1q23-q31, 6p12-p21.1 and 7q11.2, and loss on 3p21, 8p22-p23, 9q33, 10q25 and 13q13, differed significantly between lung adenocarcinomas with or without EGFR mutations. However, neither EGFR mutations, nor any of the common chromosomal imbalance alterations alone, exhibited significant associations with tumour stage or disease-specific survival of the patients. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that imbalance alterations at several chromosomal regions occur significantly more frequently in lung adenocarcinomas with EGFR mutations than in those without such mutations. Tumour growth-related genes in these chromosomal regions should be further investigated to improve our understanding of the common genetic alterations in lung adenocarcinomas with EGFR mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Fong
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
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Huang HY, Li SH, Yu SC, Chou FF, Tzeng CC, Hu TH, Uen YH, Tian YF, Wang YH, Fang FM, Huang WW, Wei YC, Wu JM, Li CF. Homozygous deletion of MTAP gene as a poor prognosticator in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:6963-72. [PMID: 19887491 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-1511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chromosome 9 is frequently deleted in high-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), whereas its specific tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) are less understood. We did an integrative study of MTAP gene at 9p21 to analyze its implication in GISTs. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To search TSGs on chromosome 9, we used ultrahigh-resolution array comparative genomic hybridization to profile DNA copy number alterations of 22 GISTs, with special attention to MTAP gene. MTAP immunoexpression was assessable for 306 independent GISTs on tissue microarrays, with 146 cases analyzed for MTAP homozygous deletion, 181 for mutations of KIT and PDGFRA receptor tyrosine kinase genes, and 7 for MTAP hypermethylation. RESULTS Array comparative genomic hybridization identified 11 candidate TSGs on 9p and six on 9q. MTAP and/or CDKN2A/CDKN2B at 9p21.3 were deleted in one intermediate-risk (11%) and seven high-risk (70%) GISTs with two cases homozygously codeleted at both loci. MTAP homozygous deletion, present in 25 of 146 cases, was highly associated with larger size and higher mitotic rate, Ki-67 index, and risk level (all P < 0.01) but not with receptor tyrosine kinase genotypes. Whereas MTAP homozygous deletion correlated with MTAP protein loss (P < 0.001), 7 of 30 GISTs without MTAP expression did not show homozygous deletion, including three MTAP-hypermethylated cases. MTAP homozygous deletion was univariately predictive of decreased disease-free survival (P < 0.0001) and remained multivariately independent (P = 0.0369, hazard ratio = 2.166), together with high-risk category (P < 0.0001), Ki-67 index >5% (P = 0.0106), and nongastric location (P = 0.0416). CONCLUSIONS MTAP homozygous deletion, the predominant mechanism to deplete protein expression, is present in 17% of GISTs. It correlates with important prognosticators and independently predicts worse outcomes, highlighting the role in disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Ying Huang
- Departments of Pathology, Surgery, and Radiation Oncology, and Divisions of Oncology and Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Hsieh YC, Lin CL, Tsao CJ, Hsieh PP, Tzeng CC, Chuang SS. Aberrant expression of CD19 and CD43 in a patient with therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia and a history of mantle cell lymphoma. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2009; 25:389-94. [PMID: 19605331 DOI: 10.1016/s1607-551x(09)70532-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive B cell lymphoma with frequent involvement of the gastrointestinal tract and peripheral blood (PB). In addition to the B cell markers, the neoplastic cells express CD5 and CD43. In patients with a prior history of MCL with PB involvement, the appearance of leukemic cells after chemotherapy usually heralds a relapse, particularly if the leukemic cells express B cell markers and CD43. We report a patient with MCL who presented with multiple lymphomatous polyposis of the intestine. The staging procedures revealed the involvement of lymph nodes, bone marrow and PB. Three years after chemotherapy, thrombocytopenia with the appearance of rare leukemic cells in the PB was noted. Leukemic cells obtained from bone marrow aspirate expressed CD19 and CD43, suggesting a relapse. Detailed cytomorphological and immunophenotypic studies unveiled the myeloid nature of these leukemic cells, and a diagnosis of therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia was made. This case illustrates the importance of morphologic examination and performing a complete antibody panel in the diagnosis of a suspected relapse in patients with a prior history of lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chuan Hsieh
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
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Lee HH, Uen YH, Tian YF, Sun CS, Sheu MJ, Kuo HT, Koay LB, Lin CY, Tzeng CC, Cheng CJ, Tang LY, Tsai SL, Wang AHJ. Wnt-1 protein as a prognostic biomarker for hepatitis B-related and hepatitis C-related hepatocellular carcinoma after surgery. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009; 18:1562-9. [PMID: 19423534 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-09-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up-regulation of Wnt-1 protein has been reported in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and cell lines. It is known to play a fundamental role in signaling cancer progression, whereas its prognostic role in HCC remains unexplored. METHODS As a prognostic biomarker, this study analyzed Wnt-1 protein expression in 63 histology-verified HCC patients receiving curative resection. In each paired tumor and nontumor specimen, Wnt-1 levels were semiquantitatively measured by Western blotting and expressed by tumor/nontumor ratio. The data were further correlated with quantitative real-time PCR as well as with beta-catenin and E-cadherin expression by immunohistochemistry. Cumulative tumor recurrence-free survival curves were constructed using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. RESULTS The results showed that 26 (group I) and 37 (group II) HCC patients had an expression ratio of Wnt-1 > or =1.5 and <1.5, respectively. The amount of Wnt-1 estimated by tumor/nontumor ratio correlated with the results by quantitative real-time PCR. High tumor Wnt-1 expression correlated with enhanced nuclear beta-catenin accumulation, diminished membranous E-cadherin expression, and increased tumor recurrence after curative tumor resection. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that Wnt-1 may be used as a predisposing risk factor for HCC recurrence. The use of tumor Wnt-1 as prognostic biomarker may identify patients with HBV- and/or HCV-related HCC patients with a high risk of tumor recurrence who may then benefit from further intensive therapy after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Hsien Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic ectopic pregnancy is an enigma. The clinical presentation can be mild, with absent or subtle symptoms. Ovarian pregnancy usually ends with rupture. We report the first case of unruptured chronic ovarian pregnancy that was initially diagnosed by peritoneal washing cytology. CASE A 35-year-old woman suffered from low abdominal pain during the presumed menstrual period for 6 months. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a huge cystic mass with intralesional hematoma and soft tissue components located in the pelvic cavity. Mild right hydronephrosis caused by tumor obstruction of the right ureter were noted. Right ovarian cancer was suspected. Peritoneal washing cytology revealed both cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts. Patient received enucleation of the right ovary. Microscopically, the ovarian mass exhibited extensive hemorrhage and necrosis, embedding degenerated chorionic villi. CONCLUSION When a patient experiences low abdominal pain during a menstrual period, the possibility of ectopic pregnancy should be considered in addition to possible endometriosis. Ovarian or other abdominal pregnancies, even untruptured, may be discriminated from other lesions in cases of abdominal pain by peritoneal washing cytology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chuan Su
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Buddhist Dalin Tzu Chi General Hospital, 2, Minsheng Road, Dalin Town, Chiayi County 622, Taiwan.
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Yen JH, Chen WC, Tzeng CC, Fang JS, Chu SY. Molecular Screening of Fragile X Syndrome in Children with Mental Retardation in Hualien. Tzu Chi Med J 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1016-3190(08)60056-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Huang HY, West RB, Tzeng CC, van de Rijn M, Wang JW, Chou SC, Huang WW, Eng HL, Lin CN, Yu SC, Wu JM, Lu CC, Li CF. Immunohistochemical and Biogenetic Features of Diffuse-Type Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumors: The Potential Roles of Cyclin A, P53, and Deletion of 15q in Sarcomatous Transformation. Clin Cancer Res 2008; 14:6023-32. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wu MP, Young MJ, Tzeng CC, Tzeng CR, Huang KF, Wu LW, Chou CY. A novel role of thrombospondin-1 in cervical carcinogenesis: inhibit stroma reaction by inhibiting activated fibroblasts from invading cancer. Carcinogenesis 2008; 29:1115-23. [PMID: 18413367 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgn077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombospondin (TSP)-1, a potent angiogenesis inhibitor, has been shown to exert different biological functions on various cell types. Here, we investigate the role of TSP-1 in tumor-stroma reaction, which is mainly characterized by fibroblast activation to create a permissive microenvironment for tumor progression. Immunohistochemistry examinations in the human surgical specimens have shown that a downregulation of TSP-1 during the progression of cervical carcinogenesis was accompanied by an emergence in the upregulation of stroma markers, alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) and desmin. Transfection of SiHa cervical cancer cells with a plasmid expressing the TSP-1 protein exhibited antiangiogenic activity in vitro and resulted in reduced tumor growth in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice, which was accompanied by a decrease in tumor vascularization and lower expressions of alpha-SMA and desmin than those in the vector controls. Transfection with TSP-1 and purified TSP-1 added to NIH3T3 cells did not alter the protein levels of alpha-SMA and desmin but significantly inhibited matrix metalloprotease-2 activity. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), a major factor in the activation of fibroblasts, increased alpha-SMA and desmin expression and the ability of cell migration and invasion in NIH3T3 cells. The increased migration ability and the invasive ability into tumor cluster of TGF-beta-treated NIH3T3 cells were dose dependently inhibited by TSP-1. In contrast, ectopic TSP-1 expression in SiHa cells has little effect on the invasive ability of the NIH3T3 cells. Together, our findings demonstrate a novel role of TSP-1 to inhibit tumor-stroma reaction that could be attributed to the blockage of activated fibroblasts from invading cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ping Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chi Mei Foundation Hospital, Tainan 710, Taiwan
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Huang KF, Lee WY, Huang SC, Lin YS, Kang CY, Liou CP, Tzeng CC. Chromosomal gain of 3q and loss of 11q often associated with nodal metastasis in early stage cervical squamous cell carcinoma. J Formos Med Assoc 2008; 106:894-902. [PMID: 18063510 DOI: 10.1016/s0929-6646(08)60059-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Cervical cancer remains a health problem among women worldwide. Delineation of genetic changes is critical to understanding the molecular basis of tumor progression, as well as for identifying genetic markers for early identification of patients at high risk for a poor outcome. METHODS To provide comparative genomic hybridization data for cervical squamous cell carcinoma in Taiwan, and to gain further insight into genetic markers associated with lymph node metastasis of this disease, we performed comparative genomic hybridization analysis of 30 consecutive cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (24 stage IB and 6 stage IIB). RESULTS The results disclosed that higher staged tumors or those with lymph node metastasis had more chromosomal imbalances. The commonly recurrent chromosomal imbalances were gains of 3q (46.7%), 1q (36.7%) and 8q (20.0%) and losses of 11q (36.7%), 3p (33.3%), 6q (23.3%), and 2q (20.0%). The frequencies of these chromosomal imbalances in stage IB and IIB tumors did not differ significantly. However, when compared with tumors without lymph node metastasis, the loss of 11q14-q22 (5/9 vs. 3/21, p = 0.019) and gains of 3q11-q22 and 3q26-qter (6/9 vs. 5/21, p = 0.026) were significantly more prevalent in tumors with lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSION The results suggest that certain tumor-associated genes residing on 3q and 11q warrant further investigation to elucidate their role in the progression of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Feng Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
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14
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Lee WY, Huang SC, Hsu KF, Tzeng CC, Shen WL. Roles for hypoxia-regulated genes during cervical carcinogenesis: somatic evolution during the hypoxia-glycolysis-acidosis sequence. Gynecol Oncol 2007; 108:377-84. [PMID: 18055005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2007.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2007] [Revised: 10/22/2007] [Accepted: 10/24/2007] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Malignant phenotypic traits are caused by microenvironmental selection pressures during carcinogenesis. Hypoxia can drive a tumor toward a more aggressive malignant phenotype. The objective was to better understand the role of the hypoxia-regulated genes in cervical carcinogenesis. METHODS We analyzed the expression of the hypoxia-regulated genes, including hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha), erythropoietin (Epo), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), and MET, in cervical cell lines and human tissue samples of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN I-III) and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (ISCC). RESULTS CAIX and MET were expressed in cervical carcinoma cell lines, but not in normal or human papillomavirus-immortalized cervical cells. In clinical tissue samples, Epo, VEGF, GLUT1, and CAIX were not detected in normal squamous epithelia. GLUT1 was expressed in nearly all cases of CIN and ISCC, however, CAIX was expressed only in CIN III and ISCC. HIF-1alpha and MET expression was confined to the basal cells in normal squamous epithelia and was detected in the dysplastic cells of CIN and ISCC. CONCLUSIONS The role of HIF-1alpha and MET changes from response to proliferation to tumor progression during cervical carcinogenesis. GLUT1 expression, a glycolytic phenotype adaptive to glycolysis, occurs early during cervical carcinogenesis and is a specific marker for dysplasia or carcinoma. MET and CAIX may contribute tumor progression in later stage. CAIX expression, an acid-resistant phenotype, may be a powerful adaptive advantage during carcinogenesis. Successful adaptation to the hypoxia-glycolysis-acidosis sequence in a microenvironment is crucial during carcinogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Blotting, Western
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/virology
- Cell Hypoxia/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Erythropoietin/biosynthesis
- Erythropoietin/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Glucose Transporter Type 1/biosynthesis
- Glucose Transporter Type 1/genetics
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/biosynthesis
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Immunohistochemistry
- Middle Aged
- Papillomaviridae/physiology
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/genetics
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/metabolism
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/virology
- Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/genetics
- Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/metabolism
- Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/pathology
- Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/virology
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ying Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Chang ST, Hsieh YC, Lu YH, Tzeng CC, Lin CN, Chuang SS. Floral leukemic cells transformed from marginal zone lymphoma. Pathol Res Pract 2007; 204:23-6. [PMID: 17913385 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2007] [Revised: 08/28/2007] [Accepted: 08/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
There are three clinicopathological entities of marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), including extranodal or mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and MZL of nodal (NMZL) or splenic (SMZL) type. Of these, leukemic presentation, usually as small or villous lymphocytes, is more common in SMZL, while leukemic change in NMZL is rare, and the morphology has not been characterized. We present a stage 4 MZL involving lymph node, spleen, and bone marrow with two relapses after chemotherapy. The leukemic cells at the second relapse revealed irregular nuclear contours with multilobated nuclei (so-called flower cells or floral cells) mimicking the neoplastic cells in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). The absence of leukemic change and splenic hilar lymphadenopathy at initial presentation, expression of IgD by tumor cells, and cytogenetic changes of +7 suggested that this tumor might be a NMZL. Although the cytomorphologic features of floral leukemic cells might suggest ATLL, thorough clinical and laboratory workup helped to reach a correct diagnosis. Our findings broaden the cytological spectra of leukemic cells in MZL and illustrate the importance of immunophenotyping.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Bone Marrow Cells/pathology
- Cell Nucleus/pathology
- Cytogenetics
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Fatal Outcome
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin D/analysis
- Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/diagnosis
- Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/pathology
- Lymph Nodes/pathology
- Lymphocytes/immunology
- Lymphocytes/pathology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/genetics
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/immunology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/pathology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/therapy
- Male
- Radiotherapy
- Recurrence
- Spleen/pathology
- Treatment Failure
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Cheng TW, Huang MZ, Tzeng CC, Cheng KB, Ueng TH. Production of coloured glass-ceramics from incinerator ash using thermal plasma technology. Chemosphere 2007; 68:1937-45. [PMID: 17412393 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2006] [Revised: 02/20/2007] [Accepted: 02/20/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Incineration is a major treatment process for municipal solid waste in Taiwan. It is estimated that over 1.5 Mt of incinerator ash are produced annually. This study proposes using thermal plasma technology to treat incinerator ash. Sintered glass-ceramics were produced using quenched vitrified slag with colouring agents added. The experimental results showed that the major crystalline phases developed in the sintered glass-ceramics were gehlenite and wollastonite, but many other secondary phases also appeared depending on the colouring agents added. The physical/mechanical properties, chemical resistance and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure of the coloured glass-ceramics were satisfactory. The glass-ceramic products obtained from incinerator ash treated with thermal plasma technology have great potential for building applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Cheng
- Institute of Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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17
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Lee WY, Huang SC, Tzeng CC, Chang TL, Hsu KF. Alterations of Metastasis-Related Genes Identified Using an Oligonucleotide Microarray of Genistein-Treated HCC1395 Breast Cancer Cells. Nutr Cancer 2007; 58:239-46. [PMID: 17640171 DOI: 10.1080/01635580701328636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Genistein, one of the major isoflavones, potently inhibits the growth and metastasis of breast cancer. However, the precise molecular mechanism in metastasis inhibition is not clear. We investigated the effect of genistein in HCC1395 cells, a cell line derived from an early-stage primary breast cancer. Genistein dose dependently both decreased cell viability and inhibited the invasion potential. We used human oligonucleotide microarrays to determine the gene expression profile altered by genistein treatment. TFPI-2, ATF3, DNMT1, and MTCBP-1, which inhibit invasion and metastasis, were upregulated, and MMP-2, MMP-7, and CXCL12, which promote invasion and metastasis, were downregulated. We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to verify the microarray data at the mRNA level. We conclude that genistein-induced alternations of gene expression involving metastasis may be exploited for devising chemopreventive and therapeutic strategies, particularly for early-stage breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ying Lee
- Department of Pathology, Yung Kung Campus, Chi MeiMedical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan.
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18
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Chu JP, Chen YT, Mahalingam T, Tzeng CC, Cheng TW. Plasma vitrification and re-use of non-combustible fiber reinforced plastic, gill net and waste glass. J Hazard Mater 2006; 138:628-32. [PMID: 16839685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.05.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2005] [Revised: 05/24/2006] [Accepted: 05/31/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) composite material has widespread use in general tank, special chemical tank and body of yacht, etc. The purpose of this study is directed towards the volume reduction of non-combustible FRP by thermal plasma and recycling of vitrified slag with specific procedures. In this study, we have employed three main wastes such as, FRP, gill net and waste glass. The thermal molten process was applied to treat vitrified slag at high temperatures whereas in the post-heat treatment vitrified slags were mixed with specific additive and ground into powder form and then heat treated at high temperatures. With a two-stage heat treatment, the treated sample was generated into four crystalline phases, cristobalite, albite, anorthite and wollastonite. Fine and relatively high dense structures with desirable properties were obtained for samples treated by the two-stage heating treatment. Good physical and mechanical properties were achieved after heat treatment, and this study reveals that our results could be comparable with the commercial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Chu
- Institute of Materials Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
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19
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Chang ST, Hsieh YC, Lee LP, Tzeng CC, Chuang SS. Acute myelomonocytic leukemia with abnormal eosinophils: a case report with multi-modality diagnostic work-up. Chang Gung Med J 2006; 29:532-7. [PMID: 17214400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with recurrent genetic abnormalities often carries a favorable prognosis. AML with inv(16)(p13q22) occurs predominantly in younger patients and usually shows granulocytic and monocytic differentiation with abnormal eosinophils. It is referred to as acute myelomonocytic leukemia with abnormal eosinophils (AMML Eo). We report a case in a 27-year-old man with leukocytosis (10.6 x 10(3)/microL with 34% blasts), thrombocytopenia and splenomegaly. Marrow aspiration showed 47% blasts and 33% eosinophils, of which 19% were morphologically abnormal with both eosinophilic and basophilic cytoplasmic granules. Cytochemically, the blasts were positive for myeloperoxidase while the granules of abnormal eosinophils were positive for naphthol ASD chloroacetate esterase. With flow cytometric immunophenotyping the blasts expressed CD13, CD33, CD117, myeloperoxidase and CD34. Marrow trephine showed 90% cellularity with 40% blasts expressing CD34, CD117, and myeloperoxidase on immunohistochemistry. Chromosomal analysis reveled a karyotype of 46, XY, inv(16)(p13q22). This case illustrates a typical AMML Eo confirmed by a multi-modality diagnostic approach including morphology, cytochemistry, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and conventional cytogenetic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Tsung Chang
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Foundational Medical Center. 901, Chung-Hwa Rd, Yung-Kang City, Tainan, Taiwan 710, ROC.
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Li YC, Tzeng CC, Song JH, Tsia FJ, Hsieh LJ, Liao SJ, Tsai CH, Van Meir EG, Hao C, Lin CC. Genomic alterations in human malignant glioma cells associate with the cell resistance to the combination treatment with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand and chemotherapy. Clin Cancer Res 2006; 12:2716-29. [PMID: 16675563 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-05-1980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is currently under clinical development as a cancer therapeutic agent. Many human malignant glioma cells, however, are resistant to TRAIL treatment. We, therefore, investigated the genomic alterations in TRAIL-resistant malignant glioma cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Seven glioma cell lines and two primary cultures were first analyzed for their sensitivity to TRAIL and chemotherapy and then examined for the genomic alterations in key TRAIL apoptotic genes by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), G-banding/spectral karyotyping, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). RESULTS CGH detected loss of the chromosomal regions that contain the following genes: 8p12-p23 (DR4 and DR5), 2q33-34 (caspase-8), 11q13.3 (FADD), 22q11.2 (Bid), and 12q24.1-q24.3 (Smac/DIABLO) in TRAIL-resistant cell lines. Spectral karyotyping showed numerical and structural aberrations involving the chromosomal regions harboring these genes. A combination of G-banding/spectral karyotyping and FISH further defined the loss or gain of gene copy of these genes and further showed the simultaneous loss of one copy of DR4/DR5, caspase-8, Bid, and Smac in two near-triploid cell lines that were resistant to the combination treatment with TRAIL and chemotherapy. Loss of the caspase-8 locus was also detected in a primary culture in correlation with the culture resistance to the combined TRAIL and chemotherapy treatment. CONCLUSIONS The study identifies chromosomal alterations in TRAIL apoptotic genes in the glioma cells that are resistant to the treatment with TRAIL and chemotherapy. These genetic alterations could be used to predict the responsiveness of malignant gliomas to TRAIL-based therapies in clinical treatment of the tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Chun Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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21
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Tseng YS, Tzeng CC, Huang CYF, Chen PH, Chiu AWH, Hsu PY, Huang GC, Wang YC, Liu HS. Aurora-A overexpression associates with Ha-ras codon-12 mutation and blackfoot disease endemic area in bladder cancer. Cancer Lett 2005; 241:93-101. [PMID: 16338065 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2005.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2005] [Revised: 09/27/2005] [Accepted: 10/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Our data revealed that 59.4% of the bladder cancer specimens showed Aurora-A overexpression, of which 31.8% also had Ha-ras codon-12 mutation; 45.5% were from blackfoot-disease endemic areas in which arsenic exposure is a major environment factor associated with various cancer formation. We further demonstrated that arsenic treatment of the immortalized bladder cell line, E7, increased Aurora-A expression. All together, co-existence of Aurora-A overexpression and Ha-ras mutation suggests a possible additively effect on the tumorigenesis of bladder cancer. In addition, Aurora-A overexpression and up-regulated by arsenic exposure opens a new direction for exploring the occurrence of bladder cancer occurrence in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Shih Tseng
- College of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
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Lo CA, Huang SC, Ho CL, Tzeng CC, Chou CY, Hsu KF. Discordant responses to progestin in a patient with uterine low-grade smooth-muscle tumors metastatic to the lung. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2005; 31:394-8. [PMID: 16176506 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2005.00308.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A 58-year-old woman presented with pelvic, para-aortic masses and two isolated nodules in the right lung 6 years after hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for uterine leiomyoma. Laparotomy was carried out and all the intra-abdominal tumors were excised; pathology showed metastatic low-grade leiomyosarcomas. Immunohistochemical staining revealed a high expression level of estrogen and progesterone receptors in these tumors. The pulmonary nodules were left and the patient was given oral medroxyprogesterone acetate 200 mg daily after the operation. One of the pulmonary masses regressed progressively and had disappeared 7 months later on chest X-ray examination. However, the other was persistent. She then received wedge resection to excise the pulmonary nodule, which showed the same histologic pattern as the abdomen masses. However, the immunohistochemical staining on this nodule showed positive estrogen receptor expression but was negative for progesterone receptor expression. After the operation, she maintained progestin treatment and was tumor free for the following 12 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ai Lo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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23
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Lin YS, Eng HL, Jan YJ, Lee HS, Ho WL, Liou CP, Lee WY, Tzeng CC. Molecular cytogenetics of ovarian granulosa cell tumors by comparative genomic hybridization. Gynecol Oncol 2005; 97:68-73. [PMID: 15790439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2004.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with stage I granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) may occasionally develop metastasis, which is hard to predict using pathologic criteria. It is interesting to elucidate whether certain chromosomal imbalances (CIs), detected by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), could be useful prognostic markers. METHODS CGH was used to identify CI(s) in 37 adult-type GCTs from 36 women. Nonrandom CIs were compared with clinical and pathological features to evaluate their significance as a prognostic marker. RESULTS Twenty-two (61%) of the 36 primary tumors had CIs. One woman's tumor showed identical CIs to another tumor that occurred in contralateral ovary 2 years later, supporting a metastatic nature. The nonrandom CIs included losses of 22q (31%), 1p33-p36 (6%), 16p13.1 (6%), and 16q (6%) and gains of 14 (25%), 12 (14%), and 7p15-p21 (6%). No tumor exhibited high-level amplification. The associations between each CI and pathological features, including the growth pattern, tumor size, and mitotic activity, were not evident. The only CI repeatedly detected in tumors with metastasis was monosomy 22, which presented in 2 of the 4 cases with metastasis but also in 2 of the 5 cases without recurrence for more than 5 years. CONCLUSIONS Monosomy 22 was the most common CI in GCTs, which often coexisted with trisomy 14 (in 55% cases). Deletion of 22q seems to be, albeit not very specific, associated with the risk of early metastases of stage I disease. The role of loss-of-function mutation(s) of certain putative tumor suppressor gene(s) on 22q is worthy of further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Shan Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, and Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Lin YS, Tzeng CC, Huang KF, Kang CY, Chia CC, Hsieh JF. Sentinel node detection with radiocolloid lymphatic mapping in early invasive cervical cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2005; 15:273-7. [PMID: 15823111 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2005.15215.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the feasibility of sentinel lymph node detection using technicium-99 radiocolloid lymphatic mapping for predicting lymph node metastases in early invasive cervical cancer. Thirty patients with cervical cancer (stages IA2-IIA) underwent preoperative lymphoscintigraphy using technicium-99 intracervical injection and intraoperative lymphatic mapping with a handheld gamma probe. After dissection of the sentinel nodes, the standard procedure of pelvic lymph node dissection and radical hysterectomy was performed as usual. The sentinel node detection rate was 100% (30/30). There were seven (23.3%) cases of microscopic lymph node metastases on pathologic analysis. All of them had sentinel node involvement. Therefore, the sensitivity of sentinel node identification for prediction of lymph node metastases was 100%, and no false negative was found. Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy, coupled with intraoperative lymphatic mapping, located the sentinel nodes accurately in our study patients. This sentinel node detection method appears to be feasible for predicting lymph node metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Yung Kang City, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Tzeng CC, Tsai LP, Hwu WL, Lin SJ, Chao MC, Jong YJ, Chu SY, Chao WC, Lu CL. Prevalence of theFMR1 mutation in Taiwan assessed by large-scale screening of newborn boys and analysis of DXS548-FRAXAC1 haplotype. Am J Med Genet A 2005; 133A:37-43. [PMID: 15637705 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.30528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
If carrier women could be identified in time and take appropriate measures, fragile X syndrome (FXS) can be prevented. Wide screening of women to be or in their early pregnancy was considered a good approach to identify carriers without misdetection. Nevertheless, we argued against the cost-effectiveness of implementing such a screening program in Taiwan, due to the lower carrier rate found in our pilot study. To reliably estimate the prevalence of mutant FMR1 gene in Taiwan, we anonymously screened 10,046 newborn boys using bloodspot polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Among them, the sample from one boy, who was most likely had FXS, failed repeatedly in PCR amplification. The estimated prevalence of premutation (55-200 CGG repeats) and intermediate alleles (45-54 CGG repeats) was 1:1,674 (n = 6) and 1:143 (n = 70), respectively. All these estimates were constantly lower than that reported in Caucasian populations, with variable statistic significance. Furthermore, when comparing analyses of the distribution of alleles at the two most often investigated microsatellite loci, DXS548 and FRAXAC1, between 100 control and 28 unrelated fragile X chromosomes, we found no apparent founder haplotype prevalent among the fragile X patients. Because a few founder haplotypes were reportedly prevalent in two thirds of fragile X alleles in Caucasians and in Chinese from Central China, we thus suggested that lack of founder fragile X chromosomes might result in a relatively low prevalence of mutant FMR1 gene in a population, as observed in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Cherng Tzeng
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Wu MP, Cheng YJ, Lin YS, Kang CY, Huang KF, Tzeng CC. Tumor/Normal Counterpart Microvessel Density Ratio has a Better Correlation with Clinicopathologic Parameters in Endometrial Carcinoma than Tumor Microvessel Density Alone. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1028-4559(09)60086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Mak CW, Tzeng WS, Chou CK, Chen CY, Chang JM, Tzeng CC. Leiomyoma arising from the tunica albuginea of the testis: sonographic findings. J Clin Ultrasound 2004; 32:309-311. [PMID: 15211679 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.20039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Leiomyomas are benign neoplasms that may arise from any structure or organ containing smooth muscle. The majority of genitourinary leimyomas are found in the renal capsule, but this tumor has also been reported in the epididymis, spermatic cord, and tunica albuginea. Sonography is the imaging modality of choice for evaluating intrascrotal pathology, but the sonographic appearance of leiomyomas arising from the tunica albuginea have rarely been reported. We report a case of such a leiomyoma that was diagnosed sonographically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee-Wai Mak
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chi-Mei Foundation Medical Center, 901, Chung Hwa Road, Yung Kang, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Wang HC, Tzeng CC, Tseng HH, Luo JS, Yin CS, Lee WH, Tu YC. Immature nasopharyngeal teratoma in the newborn - a case report and review of the literature. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-7292(93)90541-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Huang YT, Chiang SC, Tzeng CC, Liu CH, Chien YH, Hwu WL. A step-wise diagnosis of fragile X syndrome in Taiwan. Acta Paediatr Taiwan 2004; 45:69-72. [PMID: 15335113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS), an X-linked dominant disorder, is one of the common forms of inherited mental retardation. This project aimed at identifying fragile X syndrome patients in schools by a two-step diagnosis with questionnaire and photography followed by molecular analysis. A total of 734 children with mental retardation were enrolled from kindergartens, primary schools, junior high schools, and schools for the mentally retarded. School teachers or nurses administered the questionnaires and took pictures of the faces and hands for of the patients. After viewing of the questionnaire and photos by a geneticist, 145 cases were selected for molecular study and 11 cases were identified as having full mutations in the FMRI gene. The detection rate was 1.5% (11 in 734) in all enrolled cases, and was 7.6% (11 in 145) in those who underwent molecular test. Those affected by FXS were more likely to have simian crease (p<0.001) and a head circumference larger than the 50th percentile (p=0.0295), and those who were not affected by FXS were lower in gestational age (p=0.0243). This screening method is useful for the detection of fragile X syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Te Huang
- Departments of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen Y, Tzeng CC, Liou CP, Chang MY, Li CF, Lin CN. Biological significance of chromosomal imbalance aberrations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Biomed Sci 2004; 11:65-71. [PMID: 14730211 DOI: 10.1007/bf02256550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2003] [Accepted: 09/09/2003] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Current criteria for the diagnosis of malignant GISTs do not always reliably predict patient outcomes. In order to search for genetic markers with prognostic potential, chromosomal imbalance aberrations (CIAs) were analyzed in 28 subjects with GIST using comparative genomic hybridization and correlated with clinicopathological features. Except for a small rectal tumor, CIAs were identified in all GISTs, including 14 from the stomach, 11 from the small intestine, 1 from the esophagus, and 1 from the rectum. Losses were more common than gains. The median number of CIAs in high-risk GISTs was significantly higher than that in low-risk GISTs (5.60 +/- 2.59 vs. 3.38 +/- 2.55; p < 0.05), especially for losses (4.60 +/- 1.84 vs. 2.63 +/- 2.13; p < 0.01). Loss of 14q was the most common CIA in both low-risk and high-risk GISTs, and can be regarded as an early event of GIST development. Losses of 1p and 15q were also very common, often coexisting, and were slightly more frequent in high-risk GISTs than in low-risk GISTs. Other recurrent CIAs, including losses of 10q, 13q, 15q, 18q, and 22q and gains of 5p, 12q, 17q, and 20q were relatively less common in this series. Among these CIAs, losses of 13q, 10q (with minimal overlapping on q11-q22), and 22q were most likely the chromosomal loci potentially harboring the tumor suppressor gene(s) which may be related to early recurrence and/or metastasis during malignant transformation of GISTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Department of Surgery, Chi-Mei Foundation Hospital, 901 Chung-Hwa Road, Yungkang, Tainan 710, Taiwan, ROC
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Abstract
PURPOSE The acquisition of an angiogenic phenotype (angiogenic switch) is essential for cervical carcinogenesis. This study was aimed to examine the spatial and temporal relationship of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) expression in patients with precursor lesions and squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix and to correlate its expression with tumor angiogenesis. PATIENTS AND METHODS TSP-1 expression and microvessel density were assessed by immunohistochemistry in samples obtained from patients with pathological diagnoses of cervical intraepithelial neoplasm I, carcinoma in situ, invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and benign disease (N = 12 from each group). Two representative blocks that contained serial changes of cervical lesions from these 48 subjects were examined, and the pathological findings were categorized into the four groups of (1) normal cervical epithelia, (2) low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs), (3) high-grade SILs (HSILs), and (4) SCC. RESULTS A total of 120 foci with various cervical lesions from 98 slides were examined and classified into normal (48), LSIL (36), HSIL (24), and SCC epithelium (12). Immunohistochemical studies showed that TSP-1 was mainly localized at the basal epithelial cells, and we named it as the "TSP-1 fence." The mean microvessel density counts and TSP-1 scores for normal, LSIL, HSIL, and SCC epithelium were 7.3 +/- 2.9, 9.9 +/- 3.4, 17.7 +/- 5.1, and 22.8 +/- 8.6, and 3.8 +/- 0.4, 3.8 +/- 0.4, 1.8 +/- 0.4, and 1.5 +/- 0.5, respectively. The TSP-1 intensities were significantly higher and the MVD counts lower in the groups of normal and LSIL epithelium than in those with HSIL and SCC epithelium. In addition, microvessel density count was negatively associated with the intensity of TSP-1. DISCUSSION Our results indicate that the disruption of TSP-1 fence and the switch to angiogenic phenotype occurred during the transition from LSIL into HSIL. This concordance suggests that TSP-1 plays a role in the regulation of angiogenic switch. We conclude thatthe onset of angiogenesis is an early event in cervical carcinogenesis due, in part, to the down-regulation of TSP-1 by the dysplastic epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ping Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chi Mei Foundation Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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Abstract
By using a mouse NIH3T3 derivate designed 7-4 harboring the inducible Ha-ras oncogene, we demonstrated the close relationship between Ha-ras expression level and sensitization of 5-flurouracil (5-FU)-treated cells. Further studies revealed that the cells susceptible to 5-FU treatment died of apoptosis, which was demonstrated by caspase-3 activation, loss of mitochondria membrane potential (MMP), and DNA fragmentation. The 7-4 cells coexpressing dominant negative Ras (Ras(Asn17)), dominant negative Raf-1 (Raf-1(CB4)), Bcl-2, or active form of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) became resistant to 5-FU, and apoptosis was prevented. In contrast, the cells coexpressing dominant negative Rac 1 (Rac1(Asn17)) or dominant negative Rho A (RhoA(Asn19)) showed no change of sensitivity to 5-FU. These results indicate that Ras, Bcl-2, as well as Raf-1 and PI3K pathways play pivotal roles in 5-FU-induced apoptosis under Ha-ras-overexpressed condition. Aberrant levels of cyclin E and p21(Cip/WAF-1) expression as well as Cdc 2 phosphorylation at Tyrosine 15 suggest that perturbation of G1/S and G2/M transitions in cell cycle might be responsible for 5-FU triggered apoptosis. Sensitization of Ha-ras-related cells to 5-FU was also demonstrated in human bladder cancer cells. Through understanding the mechanism of 5-FU induced apoptosis in tumor cells, a new direction toward the treatment of Ha-ras oncogene-related cancers with 5-FU at more optimal dosages is possible and combinational therapy with other drugs that suppress PI3K and Bcl-2 activities can also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Shih Tseng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
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Chen CH, Tzeng CC, Cheng TC, Chiu AW. Angiomyolipoma of kidney as a part of tuberous sclerosis complex. J Postgrad Med 2003; 49:278-9. [PMID: 14597797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C H Chen
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
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Huang KF, Chen WY, Tsai YC, Lin CC, Chen SH, Tseng CY, Tzeng CC. Original article pilot screening for fragile X carrier in pregnant women of southern Taiwan. J Chin Med Assoc 2003; 66:204-9. [PMID: 12854871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carrier detection before or at early pregnancy through a wide screening program may be a practical approach to prevent the fragile X syndrome. However, prior to implementation of such a program, the carrier prevalence in a population and availability of effective screening tests should be evaluated. METHODS One thousand and two pregnant women were randomly selected from our obstetric clinic and screened for FMRI mutation. Each woman was examined individually using a simple non-radioactive PCR, as well as in pool with two other women using high-resolution Southern blot hybridization. RESULTS One third of women could be excluded from carrier status by PCR alone, while the rest had to be screened using Southern-blot hybridization in pool with two other women. This screening strategy was reliable and efficient, and suitable for large-scale screening. Among the 1002 women, no carrier of either premutation or full mutation was found. Allele with intermediate CGG-repeat between 40 and 52 was found in only 22 women (2.2%). CONCLUSIONS Estimation of female fragile X carrier rate in Taiwan could not be made in the present study, due to insufficient sample size. However, the results indicated clearly that the rate in Taiwan was significantly lower than that of Israel (0/1002 vs. 1/113, p = 0.003), and also lower than those from other western counties (1/186-259, p = 0.020-0.049). We doubt that the cost-efficiency of such a wide screening program in Taiwan is acceptable. However, the effective screening strategy proposed in this study would be very helpful for women with family history of mental deficiency of undetermined etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Feng Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chi-Mei Foundation Hospital, Tainan 710, Taiwan, ROC
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Chen WY, Lin CN, Chao CS, Yan-Sheng Lin M, Mak CW, Chuang SS, Tzeng CC, Huang KF. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital mesoblastic nephroma in mid-second trimester by sonography and magnetic resonance imaging. Prenat Diagn 2003; 23:927-31. [PMID: 14634980 DOI: 10.1002/pd.727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Although congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) is a rare benign congenital renal tumor, it is the most common solid renal tumor in the newborn period. The most common presentation of congenital mesoblastic nephroma is polyhydramnios, and only one case with prenatal fetal hydrops has been previously reported. Prenatal diagnosis of CMN has previously been made on the basis of the findings of sonography in the third trimester, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based diagnosis has been reported recently. Here we report a case of prenatally diagnosed classical type CMN diagnosed at 22 + 3 weeks of gestation based on the findings of sonography and magnetic resonance imaging. The characteristic imaging findings in this case were fetal hydrops and polyhydramnios. To our knowledge, this is the youngest reported gestational age for prenatal diagnosis of CMN and it is the second case of CMN associated with fetal hydrops detected prenatally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yin Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chow JC, Chen DJ, Lin CN, Chiu CY, Huang CB, Chiu PC, Lin CH, Lin SJ, Tzeng CC. Feasibility of blood spot PCR in large-scale screening of fragile X syndrome in southern Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc 2003; 102:12-6. [PMID: 12684606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common form of hereditary mental retardation. Early diagnosis of the disease may lead to better prognosis for children who participate in early intervention programs. This study attempted to evaluate whether screening newborn boys with simple polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay could be an effective approach for detection of mutation carriers and FXS, a process that may also facilitate detection of young carrier mothers. METHODS Filter paper blood spot samples of 4843 newborn boys were collected from five hospitals in southern Taiwan. They were tested with a simple non-radioactive PCR for the presence of FMR1 gene mutation by determining the number of FMR1 CGG repeats. By this method, the examined sample can be reliably classified as normal (<40), intermediate (40-54), and mutant group (> 54), according to the number of CGG repeats. RESULTS The FMR1 CGC repeat number of all but four samples was below 54, with 90 samples (1.8%) between 40 and 54 (the intermediate range). Two of the four abnormal samples were carriers of the premutation. The other two failed repeatedly in PCR amplification for the FMR1 gene, but not for the control K-ras gene. Hence, these samples seemed to be candidate carriers of large premutation or even full mutation, indicating the need for confirmation with standard Southern blot analysis. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that a simple PCR combined with blood spot sampling is effective and feasible for large-scale screening of newborn boys for fragile X carrier status. The relatively low carrier rate in this population suggests that the cost-effectiveness of implementation of such screening on a population-wide basis would be lower than in the Jewish and Caucasian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Chi Chow
- Department of Pediatrics, Chi-Mei Foundation Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
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Horng CJ, Horng PH, Lin SC, Tsai JL, Lin SR, Tzeng CC. Determination of urinary beryllium, arsenic, and selenium in steel production workers. Biol Trace Elem Res 2002; 88:235-46. [PMID: 12350133 DOI: 10.1385/bter:88:3:235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2001] [Revised: 12/04/2001] [Accepted: 01/10/2002] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Some of the most pernicious dangers of pollution arise from the presence of traces of toxic elements in the environment. In this work, we report on the determination of beryllium, arsenic, and selenium in the urine of steel production and steel quality control (QC) workers, in comparison to healthy control subjects. The urine samples were digested by a microwave system. Graphite furnace and hydride atomic absorption was used for the quantitative measurements of Be and As and Se, respectively. A quality control method for these procedures was established with concurrent analysis of Standard Trace Metals 7879 Level II and NIST SRM 2670 (Toxic Elements in Freeze Dried Urine). The results show that the urinary levels of these elements in steel production (As, 38.1 +/- 28.7 microg/L; Be, 1.58 +/- 0.46 microg/L, and Se, 69.2 +/- 28.8 +/- g/L) and in quality control workers (As, 23.9 +/- 18.1 microg/L; Be, 1.58 +/- 0.46 microg/L, and Se, 54.8 +/- 25.1 microg/L) are significantly higher than in the controls (As, 10.3 +/- 8.7 microg/L; Be, 0.83 +/- 0.46 microg/L; and Se, 32.3 +/- 13.5 microg/L). The possible connection of these elements with the etiology of disease and the possible role of selenium as a protective agent against the oncogenic and teratogenic action of other substances is discussed. We suggest the need for improvement of environmental conditions in the workplace through better ventilation and industrial hygiene practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Horng
- School of Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Zheng H, Tzeng CC, Butt C, Randell E, Xie YG. An extremely low prevalence of factor V Leiden, FIIG20210A and FXIIIV34L in Taiwan Chinese population. Thromb Haemost 2002; 87:1081-2. [PMID: 12083493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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Dai YC, Wu HM, Chang CW, Liou CP, Tzeng CC. A rare synovial sarcoma of the kidney exhibiting translocation (X;18) and SYT-SSX2 fusion gene. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 2002; 65:293-7. [PMID: 12201571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Malignant spindle cell neoplasms are often a diagnostic challenge in histopathology, especially those arising from unusual locations. The authors report a primary synovial sarcoma of the kidney in a 19-year-old female. Initially, the tumor was considered adult Wilms' tumor exhibiting predominantly blastemal component. It was then revised to monophasic synovial sarcoma due to discovery of the characteristic chromosomal translocation (X;18)(p11.2;q11.2). This is the tenth reported case of renal synovial sarcoma with genetic confirmation. In addition to emphasizing the usefulness of genetic study in diagnostic pathology, the clinical implication of SYT/SSX subtypes and other additional chromosomal changes were also discussed by reviewing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Chang Dai
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
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Li C, Chen CC, Yang TH, Tzai TS, Huang CH, Liou JT, Su IJ, Tzeng CC, Chiu AW, Shieh B. Establishment of a mini-gene expression database for bladder tumor. J Formos Med Assoc 2002; 101:104-9. [PMID: 12099200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transitional cell carcinoma has been diagnosed mostly in urinary bladder in southern Taiwan and has an exceptionally high mortality rate. To identify the genes associated with bladder cancer, we investigated differential gene expression. Six bladder tumor cDNA libraries were constructed and their sequences were compared and analyzed. METHODS mRNA from bladder tumor cell lines or tissue samples were used to construct two regular cDNA libraries and four subtractive cDNA libraries after subtractive hybridization with cDNA derived from normal bladder epithelial cells. Subsequently, more than 100 cDNA inserts from each library were randomly isolated and sequenced, followed by sequence comparisons with nucleotide and protein sequence databases. RESULTS After searching the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (Blast) databases, the cDNA nucleotide sequences were grouped into novel, known, and common gene categories. Since tumor nucleotide sequences are informative and valuable for research, they were organized as a mini-gene expression database (http://bladder.nhri.org.tw/). Interestingly, in one subtractive cDNA library, the ATPase 6 gene was found to be highly expressed in normal bladder epithelial cells and elevated levels of ATPase 6 mRNA were later confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. However, the role of ATPase 6 in bladder tumorigenesis remains to be investigated. CONCLUSIONS The establishment of this database is an important step to enable systematic screening for bladder tumor-associated genes and may also be useful in developing diagnostic and/or therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan
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Abstract
To treat incinerated ash is an important issue in Taiwan. Incinerated ashes contain a considerable amount of hazardous materials such as dioxins and heavy metals. If these hazardous materials are improperly treated or disposed of, they shall cause detrimental secondary contamination. Thermal plasma vitrification is a robust technology to treat and recycle the ash residues. Under the high temperature plasma environment, incinerated ashes are vitrified into benign slag with large volume reduction and extreme detoxification. Several one-step heat treatment processes are carried out at four temperatures (i.e. 850, 950, 1,050 and 1,150 degrees C) to obtain various "microstructure materials". The major phase to form these materials is a solid solution of gehlenite (Ca2Al2SiO7) and åkermanite (Ca2MgSi2O7) belonging to the melilite group. The physical and mechanical properties of the microstructure materials are improved by using one-step post-heat treatment process after plasma vitrification. These microstructure materials with good quality have great potential to serve as a viable alternative for construction applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Cheng
- Department of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Abstract
A number of 7-substituted quinolone derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for antibacterial and cytotoxic activities. Preliminary results indicated that most compounds tested in this study demonstrated better activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus than norfloxacin. Among them, 1-(4-amino-2-fluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-7-[4-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyiminoethyl]-1-piperazinyl]-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid (11d) and its ketone precursor 10d exhibited significant activities against Klebsiella pneumoniae, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, erythromycin- and ampicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis. Due to strong cytotoxicities of 11d (a mean log GI(50) of -5.40), compound 10d, with good antibacterial activities and low cytotoxicities (a mean log GI(50) of -4.67), is a more potential drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Chen
- School of Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Abstract
Primary ovarian fibrosarcoma is an exceedingly rare malignant ovarian stromal tumor which has a poor prognosis. We report here a 46-year-old woman who suffered from irregular vaginal bleeding for 2 months. She received hysterectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy due to a provisional diagnosis of uterine and ovarian tumors. At surgery, an 8-cm ovarian solid multilobular tumor was found. Frozen section examination revealed an ovarian fibrosarcoma. She then underwent staging procedures including intraperitoneal washing, cytology, and pelvic and para-aortic lymph node sampling. Final pathologic examination revealed that the tumor exhibited densely packed spindle cells in storiform configuration with obvious increased mitotic activity. In addition, the flow cytometric study showed marked elevated percentage of tumor cells in the S phase (13.1%). After surgery, the patient received six courses of combination chemotherapy with epirubicin, ifosfamide, and dacarbazine (DTIC). The patient stood the treatment well and is free from disease 6 years later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and the Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Huang YC, Guh JH, Cheng ZJ, Chang YL, Hwang TL, Liao CH, Tzeng CC, Teng CM. Inhibition of the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in macrophages by 7HQ derivatives: involvement of IkappaB-alpha stabilization. Eur J Pharmacol 2001; 418:133-9. [PMID: 11334875 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(01)00922-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide is an important biological mediator associated with multiple pathophysiological phenomena, such as platelet aggregation, vasodilation, septic shock, and autoimmune diseases. Prostaglandins, derived from cyclooxygenases, play prominent roles in homeostasis and inflammation. In this study, we characterized the effects of 7HQ derivatives (7-[(4-methylene-5-oxo-2-R-2-tetrahydrofuranyl) methoxy]-3,4-dihydrocarbostyril, where R is methyl, phenyl, p-fluorophenyl and p-phenylphenyl; 7HQ-1,-2,-3 and-4, respectively) in murine RAW 264.7 cells, a macrophage-like cell line. Lipopolysaccharide, the active component of endotoxin, significantly induced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, leading to the accumulation of nitrite and prostaglandin E(2), respectively. These actions of lipopolysaccharide were inhibited by 7HQ derivatives; additionally, the inhibition of the expression, rather than the activity, of inducible nitric oxide synthase correlated well with that of nitric oxide formation. Western blotting and electrophoretic mobility shift assay results demonstrated that the 7HQ derivatives could effectively inhibit IkappaB-alpha degradation and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) translocation. At higher concentrations, 7HQ derivatives also inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme activity. These results suggest that 7HQ derivatives exhibit inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 through inhibition of IkappaB-alpha degradation and NF-kappaB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Huang
- Pharmacological Institute, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1, Jen-Ai Road, Sec. 1, Taipei, Taiwan
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Sung WC, Lee GB, Tzeng CC, Chen SH. Plastic microchip electrophoresis for genetic screening: The analysis of polymerase chain reactions products of fragile X (CGG)n alleles. Electrophoresis 2001; 22:1188-93. [PMID: 11358146 DOI: 10.1002/1522-2683()22:6<1188::aid-elps1188>3.0.co;2-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Clinical screening of abnormal chromosomes associated with fragile X syndrome (FXS) demands a high-throughput method including DNA sizing and detection of the amplified products. This study is to explore the use of polymer microchip electrophoresis for the analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products of fragile X (CGG)n alleles to facilitate a fast exclusion test of FXS. The sequences flanking the CGG-repeat of FMR1 gene was amplified by betaine-PCR and the amplified products were desalted and then analyzed by microchips which were fabricated on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) substrate. The PCR bands with more than six CGG-repeats in difference could be clearly distinguished in less than 3 min by microchip electrophoresis with a separation length of 6 cm. It was found that the signal was greatly enhanced with the use of both covalent (Cy5) and intercalating dye (TORRO-3), which has never been demonstrated before. We tested the method by reanalysis of twelve samples from males and six samples from females. For female samples with less than six repeat differences, Southern blotting method was performed to confirm or exclude the findings from microchips. It was found that the test results from all male and female samples show a 100% correlation between the microchip electrophoresis and the existing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Sung
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Tzeng CC, Lin SJ, Chen YJ, Kuo PL, Jong YJ, Tsai LP, Chen RM. An effective strategy of using molecular testing to screen mentally retarded individuals for fragile X syndrome. Diagn Mol Pathol 2001; 10:34-40. [PMID: 11277393 DOI: 10.1097/00019606-200103000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common form of familial mental retardation (MR). It is caused by the expansion of the CGG repeat in the FMR1 gene on the X chromosome. To date, FXS is not treatable, but can be prevented by prenatal genetic examination. Identifying women who carry a full mutation or premutation FMR1 gene is thus very important, and can be done by tracing family members of FXS subjects. However, most of the FXS subjects in Taiwan as well as those in many other countries have not been identified. In this study the authors attempt to develop reliable and inexpensive tests suitable for a large-scale screen of subjects with MR for FXS. Together with their previous study, a total of 311 male and 160 female subjects with MR were screened with nonradioactive Southern blot assay using mixed deoxyribonucleic acid from three subjects of the same sex. From these subjects, nine male subjects and one female FXS subject were diagnosed. All male subjects were also screened with nonradioactive polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These nine male FXS subjects were also detected on the basis of PCR amplification failure. No false-negative results were discerned. The PCR procedure was simplified further by combining it with an analysis of a blood spot on filter paper, which is a much simpler and cheaper method for sample collection and DNA preparation. This method was then used to screen 104 boys with MR. Two of them were suspected, and later confirmed with Southern blot assay, as subjects with FXS. This study suggests that simple PCR combined with blood spot analysis could be a reliable, inexpensive test that is feasible for a large-scale screening of male subjects with MR for FXS. However, Southern blot assay with mixed deoxyribonucleic acid is appropriate for screening female subjects. Based on this strategy, most FXS subjects could be identified easily for further management.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Tzeng
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Fang KC, Chen YL, Sheu JY, Wang TC, Tzeng CC. Synthesis, antibacterial, and cytotoxic evaluation of certain 7-substituted norfloxacin derivatives. J Med Chem 2000; 43:3809-12. [PMID: 11020298 DOI: 10.1021/jm000153x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report herein the synthesis and biological evaluation of two series of 7-substituted norfloxacin derivatives. Most compounds tested in this study demonstrated better activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus than norfloxacin. Preliminary in vitro evaluation indicated that the 7-[4-(2-hydroxyiminoethyl)piperazin-1-yl] derivatives 3b-e possess distinct cytotoxicity profiles as compared with their alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone counterparts, 4b,e: i.e., excellent activities against the renal cancer subpanel. Among them, 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-7-¿4-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyiminoethyl]-1-p ipe razinyl¿-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid (3d) demonstrated the most significant activities against renal cancer cell lines, with log GI(50) values of -6.40 against CAK-1, -6.14 against RXF 393, and -7.54 against UO-31, compared with a mean log GI(50) value of -5.03.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Fang
- School of Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Tzeng CC, Lee KH, Wang TC, Han CH, Chen YL. Synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of a series of gamma-substituted gamma-aryloxymethyl-alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactones against cancer cells. Pharm Res 2000; 17:715-9. [PMID: 10955846 DOI: 10.1023/a:1007534416561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The main objective of this investigation was to explore the cytotoxic structure-activity relationships of gamma-substituted gamma-aryloxymethyl-alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactones against cancer cells. METHODS The target compounds were synthesized in two steps commencing with aryl-OH which was treated with a bromomethyl ketone followed by the Reformatsky-type condensation. RESULTS Seven types of alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactones were evaluated in vitro against 60 human cancer cell lines derived from nine cancer cell types. The average values of log GI50 indicated that for the aryl portion, potencies of these alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactones are in a decreasing order of quinolin-2(1H)-one (or 2-hydroxyquinoline, 21, -5.89) > quinoline (19, -5.79) > 2-methylquinoline (20, -5.69) >8-hydroxyquinoline (17,-5.64) > 2-naphthalene (16, -5.59) > benzene (15, -4.90). The same order was obtained for both log TGI and log LC50. However, for the gamma-substituent, the potencies are in a decreasing order of biphenyl (16f-21f) > phenyl and 4-substituted phenyl (16b-e-21b-e) > methyl (16a-21a). CONCLUSIONS Unlike cardiovascular activities of alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactones in which a gamma-methyl substituent is necessary for vasorelaxing effect while a phenyl or a halogen-substituted phenyl is prefer for the antiplatelet activities, a gamma-biphenyl substituent proved to be the best for their cytotoxicities against various cancer cell lines tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Tzeng
- School of Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Tzeng CC, Tzeng PY, Sun HS, Chen RM, Lin SJ. Implication of screening for FMR1 and FMR2 gene mutation in individuals with nonspecific mental retardation in Taiwan. Diagn Mol Pathol 2000; 9:75-80. [PMID: 10850542 DOI: 10.1097/00019606-200006000-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common form of familial mental retardation (MR), attributable to (CGG)n expansion in the FMR1 gene. FRAXE is less frequent, associated with a similar mutation of the FMR2 gene. This study attempted to ascertain the prevalence of both disorders in Taiwan, as well as to develop a method to effectively find carriers. A total of 321 patients with nonspecific MR were screened for the FMR1 and FMR2 mutation. Four of 206 boys and men (1.9%) and 1 in 115 girls and women (0.9%) were identified as having FXS. All four FXS boys or men could be identified by Southern blot analysis, as well as by a simple nonradioactive polymerase chain reaction analysis. None of the 206 boys or men had FMR2 full mutation. This confirmed the low incidence of FRAXE in Chinese. FXS appears to be more prevalent among patients with mild MR, because 4 of the 5 patients with FXS were from the 115 with mild MR (3.48%) and only 1 was from the other 206 with severe MR (0.49%). All five FXS cases were maternally inherited. Other family members were resistant to further searching for carriers. It is worth noting that none of these mothers had a discernible premarital family history of MR. Thus the negative family history could not preclude the possibility that a woman was a carrier. To identify female carriers of childbearing age, beyond the scope of family history, is thus worthy of further exploration. Screening men for carriers using this inexpensive method is probably feasible, even though normal transmitting men have no immediate risk of producing a child with the disease. Female carriers can then be effectively identified from these normal transmitting men and can take all preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Tzeng
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract
With PCR products as probes, we have cloned two new cry-type genes from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. wuhanensis. The deduced amino acid sequence of the first clone is 77.3% identical to Cry1Ga1. The deduced protein sequence of the second clone is 69.8-78.7% identical to that of Cry1B group. The nomenclature assignment of these two clones is, therefore, named Cry1Gb1 and Cry1Bd1, respectively. The Cry1Bd1 is toxic to Plutella xylostella larvae, and the Cry1Gb1 is toxic to Pieris rapae larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Kuo
- Institute of Biochemistry, National Yang Ming University, Shih-Pai, Taipei, Taiwan 11221, Republic of China
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