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Meidani C, Savvidis A, Lampropoulou E, Sagia A, Katsifas E, Monokrousos N, Hatzinikolaou DG, Karagouni AD, Giannoutsou E, Adamakis IDS, Ntalli NG. Τhe Nematicidal Potential of Bioactive Streptomyces Strains Isolated from Greek Rhizosphere Soils Tested on Arabidopsis Plants of Varying Susceptibility to Meloidogyne spp. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:E699. [PMID: 32486213 PMCID: PMC7355556 DOI: 10.3390/plants9060699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A total of 461 indigenous Streptomycetes strains recovered from various Greek rhizosphere habitats were tested for their bioactivity. All isolates were examined for their ability to suppress the growth of 12 specific target microorganisms. Twenty-six were found to exert antimicrobial activity and were screened for potential nematicidal action. S. monomycini ATHUBA 220, S. colombiensis ATHUBA 438, S. colombiensis ATHUBA 431, and S. youssoufensis ATHUBA 546 were proved to have a nematicidal effect and thus were further sequenced. Batch culture supernatants and solvent extracts were assessed for paralysis on Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles (J2). The solvent extracts of S. monomycini ATHUBA 220 and S. colombiensis ATHUBA 438 had the highest paralysis rates, so these Streptomycetes strains were further on tested for nematodes' biological cycle arrest on two Arabidopsis thaliana plants; the wild type (Col-0) and the katanin mutant fra2, which is susceptible to M. incognita. Interestingly, S. monomycini ATHUBA 220 and S. colombiensis ATHUBA 438 were able to negatively affect the M. incognita biological cycle in Col-0 and fra2 respectively, and increased growth in Col-0 upon M. incognita infection. However, they were ineffective against M. javanica. Fra2 plants were also proved susceptible to M. javanica infestation, with a reduced growth upon treatments with the Streptomyces strains. The nematicidal action and the plant-growth modulating abilities of the selected Streptomycetes strains are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christianna Meidani
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 84 Athens, Greece; (C.M.); (A.S.); (E.L.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (D.G.H.); (E.G.); (I.-D.S.A.)
| | - Alexandros Savvidis
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 84 Athens, Greece; (C.M.); (A.S.); (E.L.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (D.G.H.); (E.G.); (I.-D.S.A.)
| | - Evaggelia Lampropoulou
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 84 Athens, Greece; (C.M.); (A.S.); (E.L.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (D.G.H.); (E.G.); (I.-D.S.A.)
| | - Aggeliki Sagia
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 84 Athens, Greece; (C.M.); (A.S.); (E.L.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (D.G.H.); (E.G.); (I.-D.S.A.)
| | - Efstathios Katsifas
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 84 Athens, Greece; (C.M.); (A.S.); (E.L.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (D.G.H.); (E.G.); (I.-D.S.A.)
| | - Nikolaos Monokrousos
- Department of Science and Technology, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Dimitris G. Hatzinikolaou
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 84 Athens, Greece; (C.M.); (A.S.); (E.L.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (D.G.H.); (E.G.); (I.-D.S.A.)
| | - Amalia D. Karagouni
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 84 Athens, Greece; (C.M.); (A.S.); (E.L.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (D.G.H.); (E.G.); (I.-D.S.A.)
| | - Eleni Giannoutsou
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 84 Athens, Greece; (C.M.); (A.S.); (E.L.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (D.G.H.); (E.G.); (I.-D.S.A.)
| | - Ioannis-Dimosthenis S. Adamakis
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 84 Athens, Greece; (C.M.); (A.S.); (E.L.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (D.G.H.); (E.G.); (I.-D.S.A.)
| | - Nikoletta G. Ntalli
- Department of Pesticides Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Athens, Greece
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Meidani C, Ntalli NG, Giannoutsou E, Adamakis IDS. Cell Wall Modifications in Giant Cells Induced by the Plant Parasitic Nematode Meloidogyne incognita in Wild-Type (Col-0) and the fra2 Arabidopsis thaliana Katanin Mutant. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5465. [PMID: 31684028 PMCID: PMC6862268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Meloidogyne incognita is a root knot nematode (RKN) species which is among the most notoriously unmanageable crop pests with a wide host range. It inhabits plants and induces unique feeding site structures within host roots, known as giant cells (GCs). The cell walls of the GCs undergo the process of both thickening and loosening to allow expansion and finally support nutrient uptake by the nematode. In this study, a comparative in situ analysis of cell wall polysaccharides in the GCs of wild-type Col-0 and the microtubule-defective fra2 katanin mutant, both infected with M. incognita has been carried out. The fra2 mutant had an increased infection rate. Moreover, fra2 roots exhibited a differential pectin and hemicellulose distribution when compared to Col-0 probably mirroring the fra2 root developmental defects. Features of fra2 GC walls include the presence of high-esterified pectic homogalacturonan and pectic arabinan, possibly to compensate for the reduced levels of callose, which was omnipresent in GCs of Col-0. Katanin severing of microtubules seems important in plant defense against M. incognita, with the nematode, however, to be nonchalant about this "katanin deficiency" and eventually induce the necessary GC cell wall modifications to establish a feeding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christianna Meidani
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 84 Athens, Greece.
| | - Nikoletta G Ntalli
- Department of Pesticides Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 14561 Athens, Greece.
| | - Eleni Giannoutsou
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 84 Athens, Greece.
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