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Lafontaine S, Caffrey A, Dailey J, Varnum S, Hale A, Eichler B, Dennenlöhr J, Schubert C, Knoke L, Lerno L, Dagan L, Schönberger C, Rettberg N, Heymann H, Ebeler SE. Evaluation of Variety, Maturity, and Farm on the Concentrations of Monoterpene Diglycosides and Hop Volatile/Nonvolatile Composition in Five Humulus lupulus Cultivars. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:4356-4370. [PMID: 33750127 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pentose-hexose monoterpene alcohol glycosides were isolated and semiquantitatively measured in dried Humulus lupulus cones using UHPLC-qTOF-MS/MS and HPLC fractionation followed by GC-MS. The samples evaluated included hop cones from five important dual-purpose cultivars (varieties) in the United States, from two locations (farms) per variety and from three distinct harvest time points (maturities) per location, as dictated by dry-matter (% w/w) at the time of harvest. Hop variety accounted for the biggest variation among the concentrations of pentose-hexose monoterpene alcohol glycosides as well as other volatile and nonvolatile chemical factors measured in the samples. This indicates that genetics plays a major role in hop flavor production. Interestingly, "maturity", or ripeness at the time of harvest, was the next most significant factor impacting the concentrations of pentose-hexose monoterpene alcohol glycosides along with most of the other volatile and nonvolatile factors (such as total oil concentration and composition). However, maturity notably had a bigger impact on some cultivars such as Sabro, Mosaic, Simcoe, and Citra. Surprisingly, farm (i.e., location, farming practices, etc.) accounted for the least amount of variation among the concentrations of the different analytical factors. These results highlight the importance of breeding/genetics as well as considering hop maturity/ripeness at the time of harvest on the production and subsequent development of analytical chemical factors associated with driving hoppy beer flavor. It is essential for future studies assessing the impact of different farming practices and locations (i.e., regionality, terroir, etc.) on the constituents in hops important for hoppy beer flavor to consider and account for the impact of hop maturity as well as genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Lafontaine
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California Davis, 595 Hilgard Lane, Davis, California, United States 95616
| | - Andrew Caffrey
- Department of Viticulture and Enology and Food Safety and Measurement Facility, University of California Davis, 595 Hilgard Lane, Davis, California, United States 95616
| | - Jeff Dailey
- John I. Haas, Inc., HAAS Innovations Center, 1600 River Road, Yakima, Washington, United States 98902
| | - Scott Varnum
- John I. Haas, Inc., HAAS Innovations Center, 1600 River Road, Yakima, Washington, United States 98902
| | - Ashley Hale
- Yakima Chief Ranches, 11051 Lateral A Road, Toppenish, Washington, United States 98948
| | - Brent Eichler
- Versuchs- und Lehranstalt für Brauerei in Berlin (VLB) e.V., Seestrasse 13, Berlin, Germany 13353
| | - Johanna Dennenlöhr
- Versuchs- und Lehranstalt für Brauerei in Berlin (VLB) e.V., Seestrasse 13, Berlin, Germany 13353
| | - Christian Schubert
- Versuchs- und Lehranstalt für Brauerei in Berlin (VLB) e.V., Seestrasse 13, Berlin, Germany 13353
| | - Laura Knoke
- Versuchs- und Lehranstalt für Brauerei in Berlin (VLB) e.V., Seestrasse 13, Berlin, Germany 13353
| | - Larry Lerno
- Department of Viticulture and Enology and Food Safety and Measurement Facility, University of California Davis, 595 Hilgard Lane, Davis, California, United States 95616
| | - Laurent Dagan
- Nyseos, 53 rue Claude François, Parc 2000, Montpellier, France 34080
| | | | - Nils Rettberg
- Versuchs- und Lehranstalt für Brauerei in Berlin (VLB) e.V., Seestrasse 13, Berlin, Germany 13353
| | - Hildegarde Heymann
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California Davis, 595 Hilgard Lane, Davis, California, United States 95616
| | - Susan E Ebeler
- Department of Viticulture and Enology and Food Safety and Measurement Facility, University of California Davis, 595 Hilgard Lane, Davis, California, United States 95616
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Mahli A, Koch A, Fresse K, Schiergens T, Thasler WE, Schönberger C, Bergheim I, Bosserhoff A, Hellerbrand C. Iso-alpha acids from hops (Humulus lupulus) inhibit hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. J Transl Med 2018; 98:1614-1626. [PMID: 30089858 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0112-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered to be the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. Iso-alpha acids (IAAs), hop-derived bitter compounds in beer, have been shown to beneficially affect different components of the metabolic syndrome such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. However, IAAs have not yet been studied in the context of chronic liver disease. Here we analyzed the effect of IAA on the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Once, we applied IAA to mice in combination with a NAFLD-inducing Western-type diet (WTD), and observed that IAA significantly inhibited WTD-induced body weight gain, glucose intolerance, and hepatic steatosis. Fitting to this, IAA dose-dependently inhibited cellular lipid accumulation in primary human hepatocytes (PHH) in vitro. Reduced expression of PPAR-gamma and key enzymes of lipid synthesis as well as increased expression of PPAR-alpha, indicative for increased lipid combustion, were identified as underlying mechanisms of reduced hepatocellular steatosis in vitro and in vivo. Analysis of hepatic HMOX1 expression indicated reduced oxidative stress in IAA-treated mice, which was paralleled by reduced activation of the JNK pathway and pro-inflammatory gene expression and immune cell infiltration. Furthermore, IAA reduced hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and pro-fibrogenic gene expression. Similarly, IAA also dose-dependently reduced oxidative stress and JNK activation in steatotic PHH, inhibited HSC activation, and reduced proliferation and pro-fibrogenic gene expression in already activated HSC in vitro. In conclusion, IAAs inhibit different pathophysiological steps of disease progression in NAFLD. Together with previous studies, which demonstrated the safety of even long-term application of IAA in humans, our data suggest IAA as promising therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of (non)alcoholic (fatty) liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdo Mahli
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Koch
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kim Fresse
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Schiergens
- Biobank o.b. HTCR, Department of General Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Erwin Thasler
- Biobank o.b. HTCR, Department of General Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Ina Bergheim
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anja Bosserhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claus Hellerbrand
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany. .,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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Deckers SM, Venken T, Khalesi M, Gebruers K, Baggerman G, Lorgouilloux Y, Shokribousjein Z, Ilberg V, Schönberger C, Titze J, Verachtert H, Michiels C, Neven H, Delcour J, Martens J, Derdelinckx G, De Maeyer M. Combined Modeling and Biophysical Characterisation of CO2 Interaction with Class II Hydrophobins: New Insight into the Mechanism Underpinning Primary Gushing. Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemists 2018. [DOI: 10.1094/asbcj-2012-0905-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie M. Deckers
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), BE-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Tom Venken
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemistry, Division of Chemistry, section: Molecular and Structural Biology, Laboratory for Biomolecular Modelling and BioMacS, BE-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Mohammadreza Khalesi
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), BE-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Kurt Gebruers
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), BE-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Geert Baggerman
- KU Leuven, Facility for Systems Biology based Mass Spectrometry (SyBioMa), BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yannick Lorgouilloux
- KU Leuven, Facility for Systems Biology based Mass Spectrometry (SyBioMa), BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zahra Shokribousjein
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), BE-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Vladimir Ilberg
- Hochschule Weihenstephan-Triesdorf, Fakultät Gartenbau und Lebensmitteltechnologie, D-85350 Freisinig, Germany
| | - Christina Schönberger
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), BE-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Jean Titze
- Barth-Haas Group, Barth Innovations, D-90482 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Hubert Verachtert
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), BE-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Chris Michiels
- National University of Ireland, University College Cork, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Cork, Ireland
| | - Hedwig Neven
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), BE-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Jan Delcour
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), BE-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Johan Martens
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), BE-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Guy Derdelinckx
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), BE-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Marc De Maeyer
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), BE-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemistry, Division of Chemistry, section: Molecular and Structural Biology, Laboratory for Biomolecular Modelling and BioMacS, BE-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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Deckers S, Vissers L, Gebruers K, Shokribousjein Z, Khalesi M, Riveros-Galan D, Schönberger C, Verachtert H, Neven H, Delcour J, Michiels C, Ilberg V, Derdelinckx G, Titze J, Martens J. Doubly Modified Carlsberg Test combined with Dynamic Light Scattering allows prediction of the primary gushing potential of harvested barley and malt. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cervis.2012.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Brinkmann A, Seeling W, Wolf CF, Kneitinger E, Schönberger C, Vogt N, Orend KH, Büchler M, Radermacher P, Georgieff M. Vasopressor hormone response following mesenteric traction during major abdominal surgery. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1998; 42:948-56. [PMID: 9773140 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1998.tb05355.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the vasopressor hormone response following mesenteric traction (MT) with hypotension due to prostacyclin (PGI2) release in patients undergoing abdominal surgery with a combined general and epidural anesthesia. METHODS In a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study we administered 400 mg ibuprofen (i.v.) in 42 patients scheduled for abdominal surgery. General anesthesia was combined with epidural anesthesia (T4-L1). Before as well as 5, 15, 30, 45, and 90 min after MT we recorded plasma osmolality, hemodynamics and measured 6-keto-PGF1 alpha (stabile metabolite of PGI2), TXB2 (stabile metabolite of thromboxane A2) active renin, and arginine vasopressin (AVP) plasma concentrations by radioimmunoassay. Catecholamine levels were assessed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection. RESULTS Following MT, arterial hypotension occurred along with a substantial PGI2 release. This was completely abolished by ibuprofen administration. Although plasma levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha (1133 (708) vs. 60 (3) ng/L, median (median absolute deviation), P = 0.0001, placebo vs. ibuprofen) remained significantly elevated, blood pressure was restored within 30 min after MT in the placebo group. At the same point in time plasma concentrations of TXB2 (164 (87) vs. 58 (1) ng/L, P = 0.0001), epinephrine (46 (33) vs. 14 (6) ng/L, P = 0.001), AVP (41 +/- (18) vs. 12 (7) ng/L, P = 0.0004), and active renin (27 (12) vs. 12 (4) ng/L, P = 0.001) were significantly higher in placebo-treated patients. CONCLUSION Under combined general and epidural anesthesia arterial hypotension following MT due to endogenous PGI2 release is associated with enhanced release of AVP, active renin, epinephrine and thromboxane A2, presumably contributing to hemodynamic stability within 30 min after MT.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Brinkmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Ulm, Germany
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