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Manso J, Pedron MC, Mondin A, Censi S, Pennelli G, Galuppini F, Barollo S, Bertazza L, Radu CM, Ghini F, Simioni P, Sabbadin C, Ceccato F, Armanini D, Mian C. First Evidence of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Gene and Protein Expression in Rat and Human Thyroid Tissues and Cell Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:754. [PMID: 38255827 PMCID: PMC10815259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Aldosterone (Aldo) exerts its action through binding with the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). Clinically, a link between primary aldosteronism (PA) and thyroid diseases has been hypothesised. However, the presence and activity of MR on the thyroid have not yet been demonstrated. We investigated the gene/protein expression and activation of MR in primary thyroid cell cultures (normal rat thyroid [FRTL-5] and human papillary thyroid cancer [PTC] cell lines, BCPAP and K1) through qRT-PCR analysis, immunofluorescence, and confocal microscopy. We also studied the effects of Aldo on thyroid-specific and inflammation genes in vitro. Paired human normal and neoplastic thyroid tissues were also studied. We demonstrated both gene and protein expression and activation of MR in normal rat thyroid and human PTC lines. Incubation with Aldo induced an acute increase in IL-6 expression in both the FRTL-5 and BCPAP lines, which was antagonised by spironolactone, and an acute and late upregulation of thyroid-specific genes in FRTL-5. MR was also expressed at both gene and protein levels in normal human thyroid tissues and in PTC, with a progressive decline during neoplastic tumourigenesis, particularly in more aggressive histotypes. We present the first evidence of MR gene and protein expression in both normal and pathological thyroid cells and tissues. We have shown that MR is present and functionally activated in thyroid tissue. Binding of Aldo to MR induces the expression of inflammatory and thyroid-specific genes, and the thyroid may thus be considered a novel mineralocorticoid target tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Manso
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padua, Italy; (J.M.)
| | - Maria Chiara Pedron
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padua, Italy; (J.M.)
| | - Alberto Mondin
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padua, Italy; (J.M.)
| | - Simona Censi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padua, Italy; (J.M.)
| | - Gianmaria Pennelli
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Galuppini
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Susi Barollo
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padua, Italy; (J.M.)
| | - Loris Bertazza
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padua, Italy; (J.M.)
| | - Claudia Maria Radu
- General Internal Medicine and Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Ghini
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padua, Italy; (J.M.)
| | - Paolo Simioni
- General Internal Medicine and Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Sabbadin
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padua, Italy; (J.M.)
| | - Filippo Ceccato
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padua, Italy; (J.M.)
| | - Decio Armanini
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padua, Italy; (J.M.)
| | - Caterina Mian
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Via Ospedale Civile 105, 35128 Padua, Italy; (J.M.)
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Bazzan E, Casara A, Radu CM, Tinè M, Biondini D, Faccioli E, Pezzuto F, Bernardinello N, Conti M, Balestro E, Calabrese F, Simioni P, Rea F, Turato G, Spagnolo P, Cosio MG, Saetta M. Macrophages-derived Factor XIII links coagulation to inflammation in COPD. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1131292. [PMID: 37180121 PMCID: PMC10166842 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1131292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The local, extravascular, activation of the coagulation system in response to injury is a key factor mediating the resulting inflammatory response. Coagulation Factor XIIIA (FXIIIA) found in alveolar macrophages (AM) and dendritic cells (DC), by influencing fibrin stability, might be an inflammatory modifier in COPD. Aims To study the expression of FXIIIA in AM and Langerin+DC (DC-1) and their relation to the inflammatory response and disease progression in COPD. Methods In 47 surgical lungs, 36 from smokers (22 COPD and 14 no-COPD) and 11 from non-smokers we quantified by immunohistochemistry FXIIIA expression in AM and DC-1 along with numbers of CD8+Tcells and CXCR3 expression in lung parenchyma and airways. Lung function was measured prior to surgery. Results The percentage of AM expressing FXIII (%FXIII+AM) was higher in COPD than no-COPD and non-smokers. DC-1 expressed FXIIIA and their numbers were higher in COPD than no-COPD and non-smokers. DC-1 positively correlated with %FXIII+AM (r=0.43; p<0.018). CD8+Tcells, which were higher in COPD than in no-COPD, were correlated with DC-1 (p<0.01) and %FXIII+AM. CXCR3+ cells were increased in COPD and correlated with %FXIII+AM (p<0.05). Both %FXIII+AM (r=-0.6; p=0.001) and DC-1 (r=-0.7; p=0.001) correlated inversely with FEV1. Conclusion FXIIIA, an important link between the extravascular coagulation cascade and inflammatory response, is significantly expressed in alveolar macrophages and dendritic cells of smokers with COPD, suggesting that it could play an important role in the adaptive inflammatory reaction characteristic of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Bazzan
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alvise Casara
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Mariaenrica Tinè
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Davide Biondini
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Eleonora Faccioli
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Federica Pezzuto
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Nicol Bernardinello
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Conti
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Balestro
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Fiorella Calabrese
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Simioni
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Federico Rea
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Graziella Turato
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Spagnolo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Manuel G. Cosio
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Respiratory Division, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marina Saetta
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Castellani C, Radu CM, Morillas-Becerril L, Barison I, Menato F, Do Nascimento TM, Fedrigo M, Giarraputo A, Virzì GM, Simioni P, Basso C, Papini E, Tavano R, Mancin F, Vescovo G, Angelini A. Poly(lipoic acid)-based nanoparticles as a new therapeutic tool for delivering active molecules. Nanomedicine 2022; 45:102593. [PMID: 35907619 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2022.102593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pluronic-coated polylipoic acid-based nanoparticles (F127@PLA-NPs) have great potential as biodegradable nanovectors for delivering active molecules to different organs in complex diseases. In this study we describe the in vivo biodistribution, safety and ability to deliver molecules of F127@PLA-NPs in healthy rats following intravenous administration. Adult rats were injected with 10 mg/kg of rhodamine B-labeled F127@PLA-NPs, and NPs fluorescence and MFI rate were measured by confocal microscopy in whole collected organs. The NPs accumulation rate was maximal in the heart, compared to the other organs. At the cellular level, myocytes and kidney tubular cells showed the highest NPs uptake. Neither histopathological lesion nor thrombogenicity were observed after NPs injection. Finally, F127@PLA-NPs were tested in vitro as miRNAs delivery nanosystem, and they showed good ability in targeting cardiomyocytes. These results demonstrated that our F127@PLA-NPs constitute a biological, minimally invasive and safe delivery tool targeting organs and cells, such as heart and kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Castellani
- Dept. of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Claudia Maria Radu
- Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Dept. of Medicine, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Barison
- Dept. of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Federica Menato
- Dept. of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Marny Fedrigo
- Dept. of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessia Giarraputo
- Dept. of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Grazia Maria Virzì
- Dept. of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy; IRRIV-International Renal Research Institute Vicenza, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Paolo Simioni
- Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Dept. of Medicine, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Cristina Basso
- Dept. of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Emanuele Papini
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences and Centre for Innovative Biotechnological Research-CRIBI, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Regina Tavano
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences and Centre for Innovative Biotechnological Research-CRIBI, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Mancin
- Dept. of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Annalisa Angelini
- Dept. of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
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Acquasaliente L, Pontarollo G, Radu CM, Peterle D, Artusi I, Pagotto A, Uliana F, Negro A, Simioni P, De Filippis V. Exogenous human α-Synuclein acts in vitro as a mild platelet antiaggregant inhibiting α-thrombin-induced platelet activation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9880. [PMID: 35701444 PMCID: PMC9198058 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12886-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein (αSyn) is a small disordered protein, highly conserved in vertebrates and involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Indeed, αSyn amyloid aggregates are present in the brain of patients with PD. Although the pathogenic role of αSyn is widely accepted, the physiological function of this protein remains elusive. Beyond the central nervous system, αSyn is expressed in hematopoietic tissue and blood, where platelets are a major cellular host of αSyn. Platelets play a key role in hemostasis and are potently activated by thrombin (αT) through the cleavage of protease-activated receptors. Furthermore, both αT and αSyn could be found in the same spatial environment, i.e. the platelet membrane, as αT binds to and activates platelets that can release αSyn from α-granules and microvesicles. Here, we investigated the possibility that exogenous αSyn could interfere with platelet activation induced by different agonists in vitro. Data obtained from distinct experimental techniques (i.e. multiple electrode aggregometry, rotational thromboelastometry, immunofluorescence microscopy, surface plasmon resonance, and steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy) on whole blood and platelet-rich plasma indicate that exogenous αSyn has mild platelet antiaggregating properties in vitro, acting as a negative regulator of αT-mediated platelet activation by preferentially inhibiting P-selectin expression on platelet surface. We have also shown that both exogenous and endogenous (i.e. cytoplasmic) αSyn preferentially bind to the outer surface of activated platelets. Starting from these findings, a coherent model of the antiplatelet function of αSyn is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Acquasaliente
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Molecular Hematology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Padua, via Marzolo, 5, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Giulia Pontarollo
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Molecular Hematology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Padua, via Marzolo, 5, 35131, Padua, Italy.,Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH) University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Claudia Maria Radu
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Daniele Peterle
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Molecular Hematology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Padua, via Marzolo, 5, 35131, Padua, Italy.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave. 02115, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ilaria Artusi
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Molecular Hematology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Padua, via Marzolo, 5, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Pagotto
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Molecular Hematology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Padua, via Marzolo, 5, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Federico Uliana
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Molecular Hematology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Padua, via Marzolo, 5, 35131, Padua, Italy.,Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Negro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, viale G. Colombo 3, 35100, Padua, Italy.
| | - Paolo Simioni
- Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo De Filippis
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Molecular Hematology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Padua, via Marzolo, 5, 35131, Padua, Italy. .,Biotechnology Center, CRIBI, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
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5
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Regazzo D, Bertazza L, Galletta E, Barollo S, Mondin A, Zovato S, Iacobone M, Zilio E, Scaroni C, Radu CM, di Benedetto G, Mian C, Lefkimmiatis K, Occhi G. The GIP/GIPR axis in medullary thyroid cancer: clinical and molecular findings. Endocr Relat Cancer 2022; 29:273-284. [PMID: 35298396 DOI: 10.1530/erc-21-0258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The improper expression of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR) and the GIP/GIPR axis activation has been increasingly recognized in endocrine tumors, with a potential diagnostic and prognostic value. A high tumor-to-normal tissue ratio (T/N ratio) of GIPR was reported both in humans' and in rats' medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), suggesting a direct link between the neoplastic transformation and the mechanism of receptor overexpression. In this study, we evaluated the potential diagnostic and prognostic significance of GIPR expression in a large cohort of MTC patients by correlating GIPR mRNA steady-state levels to clinical phenotypes. The molecular effect of GIP/GIPR axis stimulation in MTC-derived cells was also determined. We detected GIPR expression in ~80% of tumor specimens, especially in sporadic, larger, advanced-stage cancers with higher Ki-67 values. GIPR stimulation induced cAMP elevation in MTC-derived cells and a small but significant fluctuation in Ca2+, both likely associated with increased calcitonin secretion. On the contrary, the effects on PI3K-Akt and MAPK-ERK1/2 signaling pathways were marginal. To conclude, our data confirm the high T/N GIPR ratio in MTC tumors and suggest that it may represent an index for the degree of advancement of the malignant process. We have also observed a functional coupling between GIP/GIPR axis and calcitonin secretion in MTC models. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process and the possible implication of GIP/GIPR axis activation in MTC diagnosis and prognosis need further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Regazzo
- Department of Medicine - Endocrinology Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Loris Bertazza
- Department of Medicine - Endocrinology Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Eva Galletta
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Susi Barollo
- Department of Medicine - Endocrinology Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Mondin
- Department of Medicine - Endocrinology Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefania Zovato
- Hereditary Tumors Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology-IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Maurizio Iacobone
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology - Endocrine Surgery Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Eleonora Zilio
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Carla Scaroni
- Department of Medicine - Endocrinology Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudia Maria Radu
- Department of Medicine - General Medicine and Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulietta di Benedetto
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council, Padova Section, Padova, Italy
- Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research, Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Caterina Mian
- Department of Medicine - Endocrinology Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Konstantinos Lefkimmiatis
- Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research, Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gianluca Occhi
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Nicolè L, Sanavia T, Cappellesso R, Maffeis V, Akiba J, Kawahara A, Naito Y, Radu CM, Simioni P, Serafin D, Cortese G, Guido M, Zanus G, Yano H, Fassina A. Necroptosis-driving genes RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL-p are associated with intratumoral CD3 + and CD8 + T cell density and predict prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-004031. [PMID: 35264437 PMCID: PMC8915343 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly lethal cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. As demonstrated in other solid neoplasms and HCC, infiltrating CD8+ T cells seem to be related to a better prognosis, but the mechanisms affecting the immune landscape in HCC are still mostly unknown. Necroptosis is a programmed, caspase-independent cell death that, unlike apoptosis, evokes immune response by releasing damage-associated molecular factors. However, in HCC, the relationship between the necroptotic machinery and the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes has not been fully investigated so far. Methods We investigated the association between the main necroptosis-related genes, that is, RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL-p, and CD3+/CD8+ tumor-infiltrating T cell by RNA-seq data analysis in 371 patients with primary HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas and then by immunohistochemistry in two independent cohorts of HCC patients from Italy (82) and Japan (86). Results Our findings highlighted the immunogenetic role of necroptosis and its potential prognostic role in HCC: RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL-p were found significantly associated with intratumoral CD3+ and CD8+ T cells. In addition, multivariate survival analysis showed that the expression of RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL-p was associated with better overall survival in the two independent cohorts. Conclusions Our results confirmed the immunogenetic properties of necroptosis (NCP) in human HCC, showing that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and, specifically, CD8+ T cells accumulate in tumors with higher expression of the necroptosis-related genes. These results suggest the importance of further studies to better assess the specific composition, as well as the functional features of the immune environment associated with a necroptotic signature in order to explore new possible diagnostic and immunotherapeutic scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Nicolè
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Department of Pathology, Angelo Hospital, Mestre, Italy
| | - Tiziana Sanavia
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Maffeis
- Department of Pathology, Azienda ULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Treviso, Italy
| | - Jun Akiba
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kawahara
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Naito
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Claudia Maria Radu
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Simioni
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Davide Serafin
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giuliana Cortese
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Guido
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Department of Pathology, Azienda ULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Treviso, Italy
| | - Giacomo Zanus
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,II Surgery Unit, Regional Hospital Treviso, Treviso, Italy
| | - Hirohisa Yano
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Ambrogio Fassina
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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7
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Campello E, Bulato C, Simion C, Spiezia L, Radu CM, Gavasso S, Sartorello F, Saggiorato G, Zerbinati P, Fadin M, tormene D, Simioni P. Assessing clinically meaningful hypercoagulability after COVID-19 Vaccination: a longitudinal study. Thromb Haemost 2022; 122:1352-1360. [PMID: 35253140 PMCID: PMC9393084 DOI: 10.1055/a-1788-5206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A large number of daily requests to exclude possible prothrombotic risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines were received. Our aim was to longitudinally evaluate coagulation profiles in a series of healthy subjects who received COVID-19 vaccination and assess hypercoagulability thereafter. Volunteers awaiting a first or second dose of either the ChAdOx1 or BNT162b2 vaccine were enrolled. Venous samples were obtained at baseline (before the vaccine) and longitudinally 3 ± 2 days (T1) and 10 ± 2 days after the vaccine (T2). Global coagulation monitoring was assessed via platelet count, whole blood thromboelastometry and impedance aggregometry, plasma thrombin generation, and anti-platelet factor 4 (PF4)/heparin immunoglobulin G antibodies. One hundred and twenty-two subjects were enrolled (61 [50%] ChAdOx1 and 61 BNT162b2). The ChAdOx1 cohort showed a slight but transient increase in thrombin generation (mainly endogenous thrombin potential [ETP] with thrombomodulin and ETP ratio) at T1, which promptly decreased at T2. In addition, the second dose of either vaccine was associated with increased thrombin peak, ETP with thrombomodulin, and ETP ratio. At baseline, 3.2% of the ChAdOx1 cohort and 1.6% BNT162b2 cohort were positive for PF4/heparin antibodies with a stable titer through T1 and T2. No relevant differences were detected in platelet count and aggregation, or thromboelastometry parameters. No thrombotic or hemorrhagic events occurred. We can confirm that no clinically meaningful hypercoagulability occurred after either vaccine, albeit keeping in mind that thrombin generation may increase in the first days after the second dose of either vaccine and after the first dose of the ChAdOx1 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Campello
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua School of Medicine and Surgery, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Simion
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Spiezia
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesca Sartorello
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua School of Medicine and Surgery, Padova, Italy
| | - Graziella Saggiorato
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua School of Medicine and Surgery, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Mariangela Fadin
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua School of Medicine and Surgery, Padova, Italy
| | - daniela tormene
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua School of Medicine and Surgery, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Simioni
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua School of Medicine and Surgery, Padova, Italy
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Campello E, Radu CM, Simion C, Spiezia L, Bulato C, Gavasso S, Tormene D, Perin N, Turatti G, Simioni P. Longitudinal Trend of Plasma Concentrations of Extracellular Vesicles in Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:770463. [PMID: 35111751 PMCID: PMC8801799 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.770463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma concentrations of extracellular vesicles (EVs) originating from cells involved in COVID-19-associated coagulopathy (CAC), their longitudinal trend and association with clinical outcomes were evaluated. Blood samples of consecutive COVID-19 patients admitted to a medical Unit were longitudinally collected within 48 h of admission, at discharge and 30 days post-discharge. EVs were analyzed using high sensitivity flow cytometry and phospholipid-dependent clotting time (PPL). The following EVs were measured: endothelium-, platelet-, leukocyte-derived, bearing tissue factor (TF)+, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2)+, platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGF-β)+ and SARS-CoV-2-nucleoprotein (NP)+. 91 patients were recruited for baseline EV analysis (mean age 67 ± 14 years, 50.5% male) and 48 underwent the longitudinal evaluation. From baseline to 30-days post-discharge, we observed significantly decreased plasma concentrations of endothelium-derived EVs (E-Selectin+), endothelium-derived bearing TF (E-Selectin+ TF+), endothelium-derived bearing ACE2 (E-Selectin+ACE2+) and leukocyte-EVs bearing TF (CD45+TF+), p < 0.001, p = 0.03, p = 0.001, p = 0.001, respectively. Conversely, platelet-derived (P-Selectin+) and leukocyte-derived EVs (CD45+) increased from baseline to 30-days post-discharge (p = 0.038 and 0.032, respectively). EVs TF+, ACE2+, PDGF-β+, and SARS-CoV-2-NP+ did not significantly change during the monitoring. PPL increased from baseline to 30-days post-discharge (+ 6.3 s, p = 0.006). P-Selectin + EVs >1,054/µL were associated with thrombosis (p = 0.024), E-Selectin + EVs ≤531/µL with worsening/death (p 0.026) and 30-days P-Selectin+ and CD45 + EVs with persistent symptoms (p < 0.0001). We confirmed increased EVs originating from cells involved in CAC at admission and discharge. EVs derived from activated pericytes and expressing SARS-CoV-2-NP were also detected. 30-days post-discharge, endothelium-EVs decreased, while platelet- and leukocyte-EVs further increased, indicating that cellular activation persists long after the acute phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Campello
- General Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudia Maria Radu
- General Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Simion
- General Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Spiezia
- General Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Cristiana Bulato
- General Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Sabrina Gavasso
- General Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Daniela Tormene
- General Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Perin
- General Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Giacomo Turatti
- General Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Simioni
- General Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
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Bazzan E, Tinè M, Casara A, Biondini D, Semenzato U, Cocconcelli E, Balestro E, Damin M, Radu CM, Turato G, Baraldo S, Simioni P, Spagnolo P, Saetta M, Cosio MG. Critical Review of the Evolution of Extracellular Vesicles' Knowledge: From 1946 to Today. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126417. [PMID: 34203956 PMCID: PMC8232679 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a family of particles/vesicles present in blood and body fluids, composed of phospholipid bilayers that carry a variety of molecules that can mediate cell communication, modulating crucial cell processes such as homeostasis, induction/dampening of inflammation, and promotion of repair. Their existence, initially suspected in 1946 and confirmed in 1967, spurred a sharp increase in the number of scientific publications. Paradoxically, the increasing interest for EV content and function progressively reduced the relevance for a precise nomenclature in classifying EVs, therefore leading to a confusing scientific production. The aim of this review was to analyze the evolution of the progress in the knowledge and definition of EVs over the years, with an overview of the methodologies used for the identification of the vesicles, their cell of origin, and the detection of their cargo. The MISEV 2018 guidelines for the proper recognition nomenclature and ways to study EVs are summarized. The review finishes with a “more questions than answers” chapter, in which some of the problems we still face to fully understand the EV function and potential as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Bazzan
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.T.); (A.C.); (D.B.); (U.S.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (S.B.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0498213449
| | - Mariaenrica Tinè
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.T.); (A.C.); (D.B.); (U.S.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (S.B.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.C.)
| | - Alvise Casara
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.T.); (A.C.); (D.B.); (U.S.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (S.B.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.C.)
| | - Davide Biondini
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.T.); (A.C.); (D.B.); (U.S.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (S.B.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.C.)
| | - Umberto Semenzato
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.T.); (A.C.); (D.B.); (U.S.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (S.B.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.C.)
| | - Elisabetta Cocconcelli
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.T.); (A.C.); (D.B.); (U.S.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (S.B.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.C.)
| | - Elisabetta Balestro
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.T.); (A.C.); (D.B.); (U.S.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (S.B.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.C.)
| | - Marco Damin
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.T.); (A.C.); (D.B.); (U.S.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (S.B.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.C.)
| | - Claudia Maria Radu
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy;
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy;
| | - Graziella Turato
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.T.); (A.C.); (D.B.); (U.S.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (S.B.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.C.)
| | - Simonetta Baraldo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.T.); (A.C.); (D.B.); (U.S.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (S.B.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.C.)
| | - Paolo Simioni
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy;
| | - Paolo Spagnolo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.T.); (A.C.); (D.B.); (U.S.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (S.B.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.C.)
| | - Marina Saetta
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.T.); (A.C.); (D.B.); (U.S.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (S.B.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.C.)
| | - Manuel G. Cosio
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (M.T.); (A.C.); (D.B.); (U.S.); (E.C.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (S.B.); (P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.C.)
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Respiratory Division, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
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10
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Giannella A, Ceolotto G, Radu CM, Cattelan A, Iori E, Benetti A, Fabris F, Simioni P, Avogaro A, Vigili de Kreutzenberg S. PAR-4/Ca 2+-calpain pathway activation stimulates platelet-derived microparticles in hyperglycemic type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2021; 20:77. [PMID: 33812377 PMCID: PMC8019350 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-021-01267-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have a prothrombotic state that needs to be fully clarified; microparticles (MPs) have emerged as mediators and markers of this condition. Thus, we investigate, in vivo, in T2DM either with good (HbA1c ≤ 7.0%; GGC) or poor (HbA1c > 7.0%; PGC) glycemic control, the circulating levels of MPs, and in vitro, the molecular pathways involved in the release of MPs from platelets (PMP) and tested their pro-inflammatory effects on THP-1 transformed macrophages. Methods In 59 T2DM, and 23 control subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), circulating levels of CD62E+, CD62P+, CD142+, CD45+ MPs were determined by flow cytometry, while plasma levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, IL-6 by ELISA. In vitro, PMP release and activation of isolated platelets from GGC and PGC were investigated, along with their effect on IL-6 secretion in THP-1 transformed macrophages. Results We found that MPs CD62P+ (PMP) and CD142+ (tissue factor-bearing MP) were significantly higher in PGC T2DM than GGC T2DM and NGT. Among MPs, PMP were also correlated with HbA1c and IL-6. In vitro, we showed that acute thrombin exposure stimulated a significantly higher PMP release in PGC T2DM than GGC T2DM through a more robust activation of PAR-4 receptor than PAR-1 receptor. Treatment with PAR-4 agonist induced an increased release of PMP in PGC with a Ca2+-calpain dependent mechanism since this effect was blunted by calpain inhibitor. Finally, the uptake of PMP derived from PAR-4 treated PGC platelets into THP-1 transformed macrophages promoted a marked increase of IL-6 release compared to PMP derived from GGC through the activation of the NF-kB pathway. Conclusions These results identify PAR-4 as a mediator of platelet activation, microparticle release, and inflammation, in poorly controlled T2DM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12933-021-01267-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Giannella
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulio Ceolotto
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudia Maria Radu
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Arianna Cattelan
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Iori
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Benetti
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fabris
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Simioni
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Angelo Avogaro
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
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11
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Campello E, Bulato C, Spiezia L, Boscolo A, Poletto F, Cola M, Gavasso S, Simion C, Radu CM, Cattelan A, Tiberio I, Vettor R, Navalesi P, Simioni P. Thrombin generation in patients with COVID-19 with and without thromboprophylaxis. Clin Chem Lab Med 2021; 59:1323-1330. [PMID: 33544518 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2021-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Thrombin generation (TG) with and without thrombomodulin (TM) was evaluated in COVID-19 patients with different disease severity and thromboprophylaxis regimen, in order to understand the prothrombotic profile. METHODS We enrolled consecutive patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 admitted to Medical Departments (MD) or Intensive Care Units (ICU), and 54 healthy controls. RESULTS Eighty-nine patients were included (mean age 60.4±16.1 years, 68.5% male); 33.7% admitted to ICU. Twenty-four patients (26.9%) were enrolled before thromboprophylaxis administration; 45 patients (50.6%) received standard and 20 (22.5%) intermediate sub-therapeutic dose thromboprophylaxis. Overall, patients with COVID-19 showed a TG profile comparable to that of healthy subjects (i.e. comparable peak height, endogenous thrombin potential [ETP] with and without TM). The only exception was lag time and time to peak, prolonged in COVID-19 patients vs. controls. MD patients showed a similar TG profile to healthy controls, and ICU patients showed significantly decrease ETP (p=0.030) compared to MD. As for thromboprophylaxis, TG profile was significantly increased in COVID-19 patients without thromboprophylaxis vs. controls and vs. those with thromboprophylaxis. In this latter group, ETP inhibition was significantly decreased (p=0.0003) and positively correlated with anti-Xa activity (r=0.49, p=0.0017). However, patients with thromboprophylaxis had similar TG profile vs. controls. Intermediate dose thromboprophylaxis more effectively inhibited TG in severe COVID-19 patients by increasing ETP inhibition via ETP with TM reduction vs. standard dose. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 patients showed increased TG at diagnosis. Standard thromboprophylaxis reduced TG to levels of healthy controls. Intermediate sub-therapeutic thromboprophylaxis more effectively inhibited TG by decreasing ETP with TM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Campello
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine and Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Cristiana Bulato
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine and Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Spiezia
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine and Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Annalisa Boscolo
- Department of Medicine, Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Poletto
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine and Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Cola
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine and Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Sabrina Gavasso
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine and Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Simion
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine and Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudia Maria Radu
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine and Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Annamaria Cattelan
- Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Ivo Tiberio
- Intensive Care Central Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Vettor
- Department of Medicine, Third Chair of Internal Medicine, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Navalesi
- Department of Medicine, Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Simioni
- Department of Medicine, General Medicine and Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
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12
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Dal Lin C, Radu CM, Vitiello G, Romano P, Polcari A, Iliceto S, Simioni P, Tona F. Sounds Stimulation on In Vitro HL1 Cells: A Pilot Study and a Theoretical Physical Model. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010156. [PMID: 33375749 PMCID: PMC7796405 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical vibrations seem to affect the behaviour of different cell types and the functions of different organs. Pressure waves, including acoustic waves (sounds), could affect cytoskeletal molecules via coherent changes in their spatial organization and mechano-transduction signalling. We analyzed the sounds spectra and their fractal features. Cardiac muscle HL1 cells were exposed to different sounds, were stained for cytoskeletal markers (phalloidin, beta-actin, alpha-tubulin, alpha-actinin-1), and studied with multifractal analysis (using FracLac for ImageJ). A single cell was live-imaged and its dynamic contractility changes in response to each different sound were analysed (using Musclemotion for ImageJ). Different sound stimuli seem to influence the contractility and the spatial organization of HL1 cells, resulting in a different localization and fluorescence emission of cytoskeletal proteins. Since the cellular behaviour seems to correlate with the fractal structure of the sound used, we speculate that it can influence the cells by virtue of the different sound waves’ geometric properties that we have photographed and filmed. A theoretical physical model is proposed to explain our results, based on the coherent molecular dynamics. We stress the role of the systemic view in the understanding of the biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Dal Lin
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Padua University Medical School, 35100 Padua, Italy; (S.I.); (F.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-049-8218642; Fax: +39-049-8211802
| | - Claudia Maria Radu
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padua, 35100 Padua, Italy;
- Department of Medicine, Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Veneto Region Haemophilia and Thrombophilia Centre, University of Padua Medical School, 35100 Padua, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Vitiello
- Department of Physics “E.R. Caianiello”, Salerno University, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy;
| | - Paola Romano
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, Sannio University, 82100 Benevento, Italy;
- CNR-SPIN Salerno, Baronissi, 84084 Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Sabino Iliceto
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Padua University Medical School, 35100 Padua, Italy; (S.I.); (F.T.)
| | - Paolo Simioni
- Department of Medicine, Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Veneto Region Haemophilia and Thrombophilia Centre, University of Padua Medical School, 35100 Padua, Italy;
| | - Francesco Tona
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Padua University Medical School, 35100 Padua, Italy; (S.I.); (F.T.)
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13
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Campello E, Spiezia L, Simion C, Tormene D, Camporese G, Dalla Valle F, Poretto A, Bulato C, Gavasso S, Radu CM, Simioni P. Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Patients With Inherited Thrombophilia and Venous Thromboembolism: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e018917. [PMID: 33222589 PMCID: PMC7763770 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.018917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background In this prospective cohort study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) versus heparin/vitamin K antagonists for the treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with inherited thrombophilia. Methods and Results We enrolled consecutive patients with acute VTE and inherited thrombophilia treated with DOACs (cases) or heparin/vitamin K antagonists (controls), matched for age, sex, ethnicity, and thrombophilia type. End points were VTE recurrence and bleeding complications; residual vein thrombosis and post‐thrombotic syndrome; VTE recurrence after anticoagulant discontinuation. Two hundred fifty‐five cases (age 52.4±17.3 years, Female 44.3%, severe thrombophilia 33.1%) and 322 controls (age 49.7±18.1 years, Female 50.3%, severe thrombophilia 35.1%) were included. The cumulative incidence of VTE recurrence during anticoagulation was 1.09% in cases versus 1.83%, adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.67 (95% CI, 0.16–2.77). The cumulative incidence of bleeding was 10.2% in cases versus 4.97%, HR 2.24 (95% CI 1.10–4.58). No major bleedings occurred in cases (versus 3 in controls). No significant differences regarding residual vein thrombosis and post‐thrombotic syndrome. After anticoagulant discontinuation, DOACs yielded a significantly lower 2‐year VTE recurrence risk versus traditional anticoagulants (HR, 0.61 [95% CI, 0.47–0.82]). Conclusions DOACs and heparin/vitamin K antagonists showed a similar efficacy in treating VTE in patients with thrombophilia. Although major bleeding episodes were recorded solely with heparin/vitamin K antagonists, we noted an overall increased bleeding rate with DOACs. The use of DOACs was associated with a lower 2‐year risk of VTE recurrence after anticoagulant discontinuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Campello
- Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit Department of Medicine Padova University Hospital Padova Italy
| | - Luca Spiezia
- Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit Department of Medicine Padova University Hospital Padova Italy
| | - Chiara Simion
- Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit Department of Medicine Padova University Hospital Padova Italy
| | - Daniela Tormene
- Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit Department of Medicine Padova University Hospital Padova Italy
| | | | - Fabio Dalla Valle
- Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit Department of Medicine Padova University Hospital Padova Italy
| | - Anna Poretto
- Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit Department of Medicine Padova University Hospital Padova Italy
| | - Cristiana Bulato
- Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit Department of Medicine Padova University Hospital Padova Italy
| | - Sabrina Gavasso
- Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit Department of Medicine Padova University Hospital Padova Italy
| | - Claudia Maria Radu
- Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit Department of Medicine Padova University Hospital Padova Italy
| | - Paolo Simioni
- Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit Department of Medicine Padova University Hospital Padova Italy
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Bazzan E, Radu CM, Tinè M, Neri T, Biondini D, Semenzato U, Casara A, Balestro E, Simioni P, Celi A, Cosio MG, Saetta M. Microvesicles in bronchoalveolar lavage as a potential biomarker of COPD. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 320:L241-L245. [PMID: 33146565 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00362.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvesicles (MVs) released from almost all cells are recognized as cell communication tools. MVs have been investigated in several inflammatory diseases but poorly in biological fluids like bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of smokers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence and source of MVs in BAL of smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compared with nonsmoking controls. Using flow cytometry in BAL, we detected endothelial and alveolar macrophage (AM)-derived MVs and found a higher number of AM-MVs in the BAL of smokers with COPD than in smokers without COPD and nonsmokers, which correlated with the pack-years (r = 0.46; P = 0.05) and with the degree of airway obstruction measured by the forced expiratory volume in 1 s percent predicted (r = -0.56; P = 0.01). Endothelial and alveolar macrophage-derived MVs are present and measurable in human BAL fluid. In response to smoking and to the development of COPD, inflammatory signals in AM-derived MVs can be quantified, and their numbers are related to the pack-years and the decrease in lung function. These results open the opportunity for future investigation of these microvesicles as biomarkers and possible mechanistic guides in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Bazzan
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Claudia Maria Radu
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.,Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Mariaenrica Tinè
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Tommaso Neri
- Respiratory Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Molecular Biology, and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Davide Biondini
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Umberto Semenzato
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Alvise Casara
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Balestro
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Paolo Simioni
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Celi
- Respiratory Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Molecular Biology, and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Manuel G Cosio
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.,Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Respiratory Division, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marina Saetta
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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Sartori MT, Zurlo C, Bon M, Bertomoro A, Bendo R, Bertozzi I, Radu CM, Campello E, Simioni P, Fabris F. Platelet-Derived Microparticles Bearing PF4 and Anti-GAGS Immunoglobulins in Patients with Sepsis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10090627. [PMID: 32846949 PMCID: PMC7555115 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10090627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PF4 is a megakaryocyte-derived cationic chemokine that plays a part in innate immunity through its activity on the macrophages. In bacterial sepsis, PF4 binds to glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) on the surface of aerobic bacteria, giving rise to an antigenic complex that induces the early formation of anti-PF4 IgG-IgA-IgM. This triggers the immune response in patients receiving heparin therapy who develop heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). These antibodies have also been identified in patients with chronic Gram-negative infections. Given the complexity of this innate immune response network, our study on 45 patients with sepsis focused on the immune response mediated by platelet PF4. We analyzed the role of IgG-IgA-IgM against PF4-GAGs, and the presence of specific PF4-bearing platelet microparticles (PMPs). Anti-GAGs/PF4 IgG-IgA-IgM levels were significantly higher in septic patients than in control groups (healthy controls or acute patients without sepsis, p < 0.001). PF4-bearing PMP levels were only significantly higher in septic patients (p < 0.001). The occurrence of IgG-IgA-IgM against PF4-GAGs and PF4+ PMPs correlated with an improvement in patients’ sepsis. In conclusion, we demonstrated that, in the course of bacterial sepsis, platelet activation leads to the formation of specific PF4-bearing PMPs. These specific microparticles bind to polyanionic sequences on the surface of aerobic bacteria, giving rise to an antigenic complex that induces the early formation of IgG-IgA-IgM against PF4-GAGs as an innate immune response to infection.
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Campello E, Marobin M, Barbot M, Radu CM, Voltan G, Spiezia L, Gavasso S, Ceccato F, Scaroni C, Simioni P. The haemostatic system in acromegaly: a single-centre case-control study. J Endocrinol Invest 2020; 43:1009-1018. [PMID: 31994012 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01186-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although the mortality from acromegaly is due in most cases to an increased cardiovascular risk, no study has globally evaluated the haemostatic balance in acromegaly to ascertain the presence of hypercoagulability. We endeavoured to assess the overall coagulation profile in patients with acromegaly using both traditional and global coagulation assays. METHODS Consecutive outpatients with a diagnosis of acromegaly were enrolled and matched with healthy subjects. Whole blood thromboelastometry and impedance aggregometry, procoagulant, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic factors, as well as thrombin-generation assay and circulating endothelium-derived microvesicles were measured. RESULTS Forty patients (M/F 14/26, median age 59 years) with either new diagnosis (naïve, 14 cases) or treated acromegaly (26 cases) were enrolled in this study. Median time from diagnosis was 11 years. Levels of factor VIII and fibrinogen were significantly higher in acromegalic patients vs. controls (p = 0.029 and < 0.003, respectively). Overall, thromboelastometry parameters showed a faster coagulation formation with a more stable clot. Acromegaly patients showed significantly higher endogenous thrombin potential [ETP] and thrombin peak compared to controls (p = 0.016 and p < 0.001, respectively). ETP remained significantly higher (p < 0.001) when thrombomodulin was added. Endothelial-derived microvesicles were significantly higher in acromegaly patients than controls (52 [40.5-67] MVs/µL and 30 [18-80] MVs/µL, p = 0.03). Patients with untreated (naïve) acromegaly showed significantly reduced ETP with and without thrombomodulin vs. patients with treated acromegaly (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Hypercoagulability in acromegaly is mainly due to higher levels of fibrinogen, factor VIII and thrombin generation, and appears to be more linked to the chronic phase of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Campello
- Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, via Giustiniani 2, Padua, Italy
| | - M Marobin
- Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, via Giustiniani 2, Padua, Italy
| | - M Barbot
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - C M Radu
- Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, via Giustiniani 2, Padua, Italy
| | - G Voltan
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - L Spiezia
- Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, via Giustiniani 2, Padua, Italy
| | - S Gavasso
- Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, via Giustiniani 2, Padua, Italy
| | - F Ceccato
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - C Scaroni
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - P Simioni
- Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, via Giustiniani 2, Padua, Italy.
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Bulato C, Radu CM, Spiezia L, Campello E, Barillari G, Pradella P, Simioni P. Thromboelastometry profiles after "in vitro" addition of a new plasma-derived factor V concentrate to whole blood from parahaemophilia patients. Haemophilia 2018; 25:e38-e42. [PMID: 30468289 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Bulato
- Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, Regional Centre for Haemophilia and Thrombophilia Centre, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Claudia Maria Radu
- Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, Regional Centre for Haemophilia and Thrombophilia Centre, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Luca Spiezia
- Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, Regional Centre for Haemophilia and Thrombophilia Centre, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Elena Campello
- Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, Regional Centre for Haemophilia and Thrombophilia Centre, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Giovanni Barillari
- Centre for Haemorrhagic and Thrombotic Diseases, Udine General and University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Paola Pradella
- Transfusion Medicine Department, Trieste University Hospital, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Simioni
- Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, Regional Centre for Haemophilia and Thrombophilia Centre, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
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Campello E, Radu CM, Tonello M, Kuzenko A, Bulato C, Hoxha A, Mattia E, Spiezia L, Ruffatti A, Simioni P. Circulating microparticles in pregnant patients with primary anti-phospholipid syndrome: an exploratory study. Scand J Rheumatol 2018; 47:501-504. [PMID: 29308695 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2017.1372518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Campello
- a Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine , University of Padua , Padua , Italy
| | - C M Radu
- a Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine , University of Padua , Padua , Italy
| | - M Tonello
- b Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine , University of Padua , Padua , Italy
| | - A Kuzenko
- b Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine , University of Padua , Padua , Italy
| | - C Bulato
- a Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine , University of Padua , Padua , Italy
| | - A Hoxha
- b Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine , University of Padua , Padua , Italy
| | - E Mattia
- b Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine , University of Padua , Padua , Italy
| | - L Spiezia
- a Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine , University of Padua , Padua , Italy
| | - A Ruffatti
- b Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine , University of Padua , Padua , Italy
| | - P Simioni
- a Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine , University of Padua , Padua , Italy
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Giannella A, Radu CM, Franco L, Campello E, Simioni P, Avogaro A, de Kreutzenberg SV, Ceolotto G. Circulating levels and characterization of microparticles in patients with different degrees of glucose tolerance. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2017; 16:118. [PMID: 28927403 PMCID: PMC5606070 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-017-0600-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microparticles (MPs) are vesicular structures shed from endothelial or circulating blood cells, after activation or apoptosis, and can be considered markers of vascular damage. We aimed to determine the levels of circulating MPs, their content of miRNA-126-3p and 5p, and their relationship with early endothelial activation/damage, in patients with different degree of glucose tolerance. Methods CD62E+, CD62P+, CD142+, CD45+ circulating MPs, their apoptotic (AnnexinV+) fractions, and miRNA-126 expression were determined in 39 prediabetic (PreDM), 68 type 2 diabetic (T2DM), and 53 control (NGT) subjects, along with main anthropometric and biochemical measurements. MPs were analysed by flow cytometry. miRNA-126 was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Plasma antioxidant capacity was determined by electronic spin resonance; ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 by ELISA. Results Activated endothelial cell-derived MPs (CD62E+) were significantly increased in PreDM and T2DM in comparison to NGT (p < 0.0001). AnnexinV+/CD62E+ MPs and Annexin V+ MPs were significantly increased in T2DM compared to PreDM and NGT (p < 0.001); other MPs were not significantly different among groups. Plasma antioxidant capacity was significantly decreased in PreDM and T2DM compared to NGT (p = 0.001); VCAM-1 significantly increased in PreDM and T2DM in comparison to NGT (p = 0.001). miR-126-3p expression, but not miR-126-5p, in MPs, decreased significantly and progressively from NGT, to PreDM, and T2DM (p < 0.001). In PreDM and T2DM, CD62E+ MPs level was significantly and negatively associated with plasma glucose (p = 0.004). Conclusion We show for the first time that circulating CD62E+ MPs level and miR-126-3p content in MPs are abnormal in subjects with pre-diabetes; the content of miR-126-3p correlates with markers of endothelial inflammation, such as VCAM-1, plasma antioxidant capacity, and microparticles, well-accepted markers of endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lorenzo Franco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Elena Campello
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Paolo Simioni
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Angelo Avogaro
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Giulio Ceolotto
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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Bulato C, Radu CM, Campello E, Gavasso S, Spiezia L, Tormene D, Simioni P. New Prothrombin Mutation (Arg596Trp, Prothrombin Padua 2) Associated With Venous Thromboembolism. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:1022-9. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.306914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
Two different prothrombin variants, p.Arg596Leu and p.Arg596Gln, conferring antithrombin resistance to patients with venous thromboembolism have been recently reported. Here, we describe a novel substitution affecting Arg596 of prothrombin molecule (Arginine596 to Tryptophan or p.Arg596Trp or Arg221aTrp in the chymotrypsinogen numbering system or prothrombin Padua 2) in 2 Italian families with venous thromboembolism.
Approach and Results—
Prothrombin Padua 2 has been characterized either in plasma of carriers or using Arg596Trp recombinant prothrombin. Routine coagulation tests, thrombin generation, and antithrombin resistance tests were performed, as well as measurement of the levels of thrombin–antithrombin complexes. All carriers were heterozygotes and presented with a mild reduction of the prothrombin activity. Thrombin generation in carriers showed only a markedly prolonged decay. This finding was confirmed in plasma reconstituted with Arg596Trp recombinant prothrombin mimicking a homozygous condition, which showed longer decay and higher endogenous thrombin potential in thrombin generation than wild-type recombinant prothrombin reconstituted plasma. Patient’s plasma as well as Arg596Trp recombinant prothrombin showed a clear thrombin resistance to antithrombin inactivation. These findings were supported by the assessment of thrombin–antithrombin complexes formation, which was strongly reduced for Arg596Trp recombinant prothrombin as compared with wild-type recombinant prothrombin. In a series of 400 unrelated consecutive patients with venous thromboembolism, 2 carriers of prothrombin Padua 2 were found (estimated prevalence of 0.5%).
Conclusions—
Our study showed that prothrombin Padua 2 induces antithrombin resistance and is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism. Codon 596 (CGG) of prothrombin is a hot spot for mutations, which constitute a new and relatively frequent cause of inherited thrombophilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Bulato
- From the Department of Medicine, Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Veneto Region Hemophilia and Thrombophilia Center, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Claudia Maria Radu
- From the Department of Medicine, Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Veneto Region Hemophilia and Thrombophilia Center, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Elena Campello
- From the Department of Medicine, Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Veneto Region Hemophilia and Thrombophilia Center, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Sabrina Gavasso
- From the Department of Medicine, Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Veneto Region Hemophilia and Thrombophilia Center, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Luca Spiezia
- From the Department of Medicine, Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Veneto Region Hemophilia and Thrombophilia Center, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Daniela Tormene
- From the Department of Medicine, Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Veneto Region Hemophilia and Thrombophilia Center, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - Paolo Simioni
- From the Department of Medicine, Thrombotic and Haemorrhagic Diseases Unit, Veneto Region Hemophilia and Thrombophilia Center, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
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Bertazza L, Barollo S, Radu CM, Cavedon E, Simioni P, Faggian D, Plebani M, Pelizzo MR, Rubin B, Boscaro M, Pezzani R, Mian C. Synergistic antitumour activity of RAF265 and ZSTK474 on human TT medullary thyroid cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:2244-52. [PMID: 26081844 PMCID: PMC4568928 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is an aggressive malignancy responsible for up to 14% of all thyroid cancer-related deaths. It is characterized by point mutations in the rearranged during transfection (RET) proto-oncogene. The activated RET kinase is known to signal via extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), leading to enhanced proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. In the present work, we have investigated the effect of two serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf (BRAF) inhibitors (RAF265 and SB590885), and a PI3K inhibitor (ZSTK474), on RET-mediated signalling and proliferation in a MTC cell line (TT cells) harbouring the RETC634W activating mutation. The effects of the inhibitors on VEGFR2, PI3K/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinases signalling pathways, cell cycle, apoptosis and calcitonin production were also investigated. Only the RAF265+ ZSTK474 combination synergistically reduced the viability of treated cells. We observed a strong decrease in phosphorylated VEGFR2 for RAF265+ ZSTK474 and a signal reduction in activated Akt for ZSTK474. The activated ERK signal also decreased after RAF265 and RAF265+ ZSTK474 treatments. Alone and in combination with ZSTK474, RAF265 induced a sustained increase in necrosis. Only RAF265, alone and combined with ZSTK474, prompted a significant drop in calcitonin production. Combination therapy using RAF265 and ZSTK47 proved effective in MTC, demonstrating a cytotoxic effect. As the two inhibitors have been successfully tested individually in clinical trials on other human cancers, our preclinical data support the feasibility of their combined use in aggressive MTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loris Bertazza
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Susi Barollo
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Claudia Maria Radu
- 5th Chair of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Cavedon
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Paolo Simioni
- 5th Chair of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Diego Faggian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Mario Plebani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Pelizzo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences (DiSCOG), Surgery Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Beatrice Rubin
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Boscaro
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Raffaele Pezzani
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Caterina Mian
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Sartori MT, Della Puppa A, Ballin A, Campello E, Radu CM, Saggiorato G, d'Avella D, Scienza R, Cella G, Simioni P. Circulating microparticles of glial origin and tissue factor bearing in high-grade glioma: a potential prothrombotic role. Thromb Haemost 2013; 110:378-85. [PMID: 23803674 DOI: 10.1160/th12-12-0957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) may complicate the clinical course of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Circulating microparticles (MPs) have been associated with cancer-related VTE. Sixty-one consecutive patients with GBM undergoing gross-total (41) or subtotal (20) surgical resection followed by radio-chemotherapy were prospectively evaluated. MPs numbers according to cellular origin and the procoagulant activity of annexin V positive (AV+) MPs (MP-activity) were measured before surgery and then 1 week and 1, 4, and 7 months after surgery. Glial (GFAP+) and endothelial (CD62E+) derived MPs, AV+ and tissue factor-bearing (TF+) MPs were measured using flow cytometry. Baseline levels of GFAP+/TF-, TF+/GFAP-, and GFAP+/TF+ MPs were significantly higher in GBM patients than in healthy controls, and significantly increased at each time point after surgery; at 7 months, a further significant increase over the level found a week after surgery was only seen in the subtotally resected patients. The number AV+/CD62E- MPs increased in GBM patients and correlated with MP activity. TF+/GFAP- MPs numbers were significantly higher in 11 GBM patients who developed VTE than in those who did not (p 0.04). TF+/GFAP- MPs levels above the 90th percentile (calculated in GBM patients without VTE) were associated with a higher risk of VTE (RR 4.17, 95% CI 1.57-11.03). In conclusion, the numbers of glial-derived and/or TF-bearing MPs were high in GBM patients both before and even more after the neoplasm was treated, especially in patients with subtotal resection likely according to disease progression. A contribution of TF+/GFAP- MPs to the risk of VTE is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Sartori
- Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, via Giustiniani 2, Padua, Italy.
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