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Gous RM, Fisher C, Tumová E, Machander V, Chodová D, Tyl J. The response of turkeys to dietary balanced protein during two periods of growth. Br Poult Sci 2024; 65:203-212. [PMID: 38353945 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2309289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
1. Two experiments were conducted to measure the response of growing turkeys to dietary protein content. In the first, 960 sexed British United Turkey (BUT 6) poults were used to measure the response to balanced protein from 3 to 6 weeks of age. In the second, 1440 sexed BUT and Hybrid Converter poults were raised from 14 to 17 weeks.2. In both experiments, six levels of dietary protein were fed, with feed intake, body and feather weight gain and changes in body composition measured. The levels of protein chosen ranged from 0.53 to 1.2 of the Aviagen requirements for growing turkeys.3. In the first experiment, six poults were sampled from each sex at the start of the experiment for carcass analysis, and four were sampled from each strain and sex in the second. At the end of each experiment, eight poults from each treatment were sampled. Body composition analyses were made on individual defeathered birds.4. Weight gain increased linearly with protein intake in the early period and exponentially in the later period. In both periods, feed intake decreased as protein content reduced.5. In the early period, body lipid content increased from 20.2 to 41.5 g/kg body weight, as dietary protein content decreased, but there was no change in the later period. Efficiency of utilisation of dietary protein declined linearly with an increase in dietary protein content, from 0.87 to 0.46 g/g in the first, and from 0.43 to 0.27 g/g in the later period.6. The inability of the growing turkey to increase feed intake on marginally limiting feeds may have been due to a genetic constraints to store excess energy consumed as body lipid, resulting in the observed decrease in feed intake as dietary protein content is reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Gous
- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - C Fisher
- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - E Tumová
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - V Machander
- International Poultry Testing Station Ústrašice, Tabor, Czech Republic
| | - D Chodová
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Tyl
- International Poultry Testing Station Ústrašice, Tabor, Czech Republic
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2
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Fisher C, Seferidis N, Zilli J, Roberts T, Harcourt-Brown T. Insights into the clinical presentation, diagnostics and outcome in dogs presenting with neurological signs secondary to infection with Neospora caninum: 41 cases (2014-2023). J Small Anim Pract 2024. [PMID: 38355919 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the clinical signs and outcome of a large cohort of dogs presenting with neurological signs secondary to Neospora caninum infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective review of cases presenting to two UK referral centres with neurological signs secondary to N. caninum infection between 2014 and 2023. Presenting signs, diagnostic test results, treatment, short- and long-term outcome analysed. RESULTS A total of 1690 cases were assessed for eligibility. Forty-four cases with a diagnosis of neosporosis were obtained. Three cases were then excluded due to non-neurological presentations (two hepatitis and one myocarditis). A total of 41 cases were included in the study. Cerebello-vestibular signs predominated; however, presenting clinical signs were varied and the neurolocalisation was often multifocal in nature (46.3%), making neosporosis an important differential diagnosis for meningoencephalitis of unknown origin. Complete clinical improvement was rare (5.6%), and relapses were common (27.8% cases with follow-up). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Neosporosis remains an important differential diagnosis for dogs at any age presenting with multifocal neurological signs. The outcome is considered poor and relapse rate is high.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fisher
- Langford Veterinary Services, Stock Lane, Bristol, BS40 5DU, UK
| | - N Seferidis
- Langford Veterinary Services, Stock Lane, Bristol, BS40 5DU, UK
| | - J Zilli
- Anderson Moores, Poles Lane, Winchester, SO21 2LL, UK
| | | | - T Harcourt-Brown
- Langford Veterinary Services, Stock Lane, Bristol, BS40 5DU, UK
- University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Gous RM, Fisher C, Tůmová E, Machander V, Chodova D. Dietary energy:protein ratio influences the efficiency of utilisation of dietary protein by growing turkeys. Br Poult Sci 2023; 64:116-121. [PMID: 36043347 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2022.2116696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
1. The following experiment was designed to confirm that the efficiency of dietary protein utilisation (ep) can be reduced when the AMEn to digestible crude protein (DCP) ratio of the feed falls below a critical level. In addition, whether the efficiency would be improved at high DCP contents through the addition of oil or starch was determined.2. A 14d trial (starting at 21 d of age), using BUT 6 turkeys, was designed to measure the effects on ep of four feeds (12.1 MJ AMEn/kg) with AMEn:DCP ratios ranging from 45 to 72 MJ AMEn/kg, and two additional feeds with the same DCP as the highest protein feed, one with an AMEn:DCP ratio of 59, through the addition of canola oil, and the other with a ratio of 51 MJ/kg supplemented with both starch and oil. Twenty birds constituted each experimental unit, with two replications of each sex being used per dietary treatment.3. Ten birds per sex were sampled at the start of the trial and a further five per pen at the end for carcass analysis. Each carcass including feathers was ground and subsampled for water, protein and lipid determination.4. A split-line regression described ep on the four feeds unsupplemented with additional energy (R2 = 0.81) with breakpoint at 60.6 MJ AME/kg DCP, maximum ep at 0.736 g/g, and a slope of 0.017. No improvement in ep resulted from supplementing the high protein feed with oil or a mixture of oil and starch, but feed intake and protein and lipid retention increased significantly (P < 0.05).5. The argument that insufficient energy is available to enable high protein feeds to be utilised efficiently was not corroborated by the evidence from this trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Gous
- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - C Fisher
- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - E Tůmová
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Natural and Food Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - V Machander
- International Testing Station Ústrašice, Malá Strana, Czech Republic
| | - D Chodova
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Natural and Food Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague Suchdol, Czech Republic
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Finkel R, Farrar M, Vlodavets D, Zanoteli E, Al-Muhaizea M, Nelson L, Prufer A, Servais L, Wang Y, Fisher C, Gerber M, Gorni K, Kletzl H, Palfreeman L, Scalco R, Bertini E. FP.24 RAINBOWFISH: Preliminary efficacy and safety data in risdiplam-treated infants with presymptomatic spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Neuromuscul Disord 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2022.07.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Zobl W, Wehr M, Drake C, Schimming J, Pellegrino-Coppola D, Blum J, Capinha LS, Davilo E, Walker P, Islam B, Tolosa L, Jennings P, van Vugt-Lussenburg B, Boei J, Leist M, van de Water B, Fisher C, Escher S. P20-09 Which scope of NAM testing is sufficient for hazard characterisation? – An investigation based on transcriptomics data. Toxicol Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.07.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bouraoui A, Newman P, Fisher C, Mavrommatis S, Mcdowell A, Sen D. AB1566-HPR SHIFTING THE MINDSET: USING A HEALTH COACHING APPROACH FOR HEALTH PROMOTING CONSULTATION IN ADOLESCENT RHEUMATOLOGY. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundJuvenile rheumatic diseases have a significant negative impact on health early in life which may affect later health outcomes. The Adolescent and Young Adult Rheumatology Department (AYAD) at University College London Hospitals (UCLH) looks after over 2,000 young people with a variety of rheumatological conditions and provides developmentally appropriate interdisciplinary (ID) approach to healthcare.Health coaching (HC) is “a behavioural intervention that facilitates participants in establishing and attaining health promoting goals in order to change lifestyle-related behaviour, with the intent of reducing health risks, improving self-management of chronic conditions, and increasing health related quality of life”.[1] Evidence shows that health coaching can improve health related behaviours including medication adherence, patient activation, and use of healthcare resources. [2-4]ObjectivesThe aim of this project is to enable young people attending the AYAD to establish and achieve their own health-promoting goals and thereby change behaviour and increase confidence in self-management. As a first stage the aim was to develop health coaching capabilities within our ID Team by March 2022.MethodsThe strategy to deliver this project included commissioning a recognised core skills health coaching course for multidisciplinary team (MDT) members. Pre and post course surveys were completed by participants.ResultsAll the AYA team members comprising 3 physiotherapists, 2 nurse specialists, a transition pathway coordinator, 4 consultants and 2 senior registrars took part in the health coaching workshops.A pre course survey (10/ 12 responded) revealed that 70% of MDT members felt their consultations focused solely on young people’s medical/clinical care. 80% reported they discuss lifestyle choices such as sleep, and weight management. 40 % felt that their consultation times were long enough to discuss resources that would support long-term management. 30% reported they felt effective in facilitating Young people and their families to self-manage and/or had sufficient health coaching awareness to facilitate behaviour change.The course was delivered over 2 separate days, one week apart, and included educational material, presentations, group discussion and skills development delivered in a coaching style.A post course survey (11/12 responses) demonstrated 100% of participants were satisfied with the course content, delivery, facilitation and opportunities to work and learn with colleagues, and felt that the skills were applicable to their work. They reported that the skills learned could be applied beyond healthcare, for example, with colleagues or in leadership roles, the course helped to raise self-awareness of behaviours that can negatively and positively impact patient and family engagement in their care, and that using some techniques and small changes to practice could potentially have a big impact on quality of care and outcomes as well as patient and staff experience.ConclusionHealth coaching skills were considered as a useful tool by all AYAD team members.Skills gained on the course were considered useful in managing young people and applicable in settings beyond clinical care.The next stage of this project will include embedding the techniques learned into clinical practice and measuring qualitative and quantitative outcomes over timeReferences[1]van Ryn, M., & Heaney, C. A. (1997). Developing effective helping relationships in health education practice. Health Education & Behavior, 24(6), 683–702[2]https://www.health.org.uk/publications/reducing-emergency-admissions-unlocking-the-potential-of-people-to-better-manage-their-long-term-conditions[3]Newman P, McDowell A, Life changing conversations: clinicians experience of health coaching in the east of England, 3-2-147 Future Hosp J June 1, 2016[4]https://www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/health-coaching-implementation-and-quality-summary-guide.pdfDisclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Morrell E, Loginov G, Brager C, Ramos K, Lease E, Kapnadak S, Wurfel M, Goss C, Limaye A, Mikacenic C, Fisher C. The Relationship Between Soluble PD-L1 and Viral Infection, ACR, and CLAD. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Lau RWK, Fisher C, Phan TK, Ozkocak DC, Selby J, Saini S, Mukundan S, Wise AF, Savige J, Ho Poon IK, Haynes J, Ricardo SD. Modelling X-linked Alport Syndrome With Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Podocytes. Kidney Int Rep 2021; 6:2912-2917. [PMID: 34805641 PMCID: PMC8589688 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ricky Wai Kiu Lau
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Craig Fisher
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thanh Kha Phan
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dilara Ceyda Ozkocak
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia
| | - James Selby
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sheetal Saini
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarvatha Mukundan
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrea F Wise
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Judith Savige
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ivan Ka Ho Poon
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia
| | - John Haynes
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sharon D Ricardo
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Rodrigues D, Coyle L, Ferreira S, Fisher C, Kleinjans J, Jennen D, de Kok T. Transcriptomic approach to improve the understanding of doxorubicin induced intestinal toxicity in 3D intestinal organoid models. Toxicol Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(21)00523-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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10
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Cushnie D, Fisher C, Hall H, Johnson M, Christie S, Bailey C, Phan P, Abraham E, Glennie A, Jacobs B, Paquet J, Thomas K. Mental health improvements after elective spine surgery: a Canadian Spine Outcome Research Network (CSORN) study. Spine J 2021; 21:1332-1339. [PMID: 33831545 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2021.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Spine patients have a higher rate of depression then the general population which may be caused in part by levels of pain and disability from their spinal disease. PURPOSE Determination whether improvements in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) resulting from successful spine surgery leads to improvements in mental health. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING The Canadian Spine Outcome Research Network prospective surgical outcome registry. OUTCOME MEASURES Change between preoperative and postoperative SF12 Mental Component Score (MCS). Secondary outcomes include European Quality of Life (EuroQoL) Healthstate, SF-12 Physical Component Score (PCS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Patient Health Questionaire-9 (PHQ9), and pain scales. METHODS The Canadian Spine Outcome Research Network registry was queried for all patients receiving surgery for degenerative thoracolumbar spine disease. Exclusion criteria were trauma, tumor, infection, and previous spine surgery. SF12 Mental Component Scores (MCS) were compared between those with and without significant improvement in postoperative disability (ODI) and secondary measures. Multivariate analysis examined factors predictive of MCS improvement. RESULTS Eighteen hospitals contributed 3222 eligible patients. Worse ODI, EuroQoL, PCS, back pain and leg pain correlated with worse MCS at all time points. Overall, patients had an improvement in MCS that occurred within 3 months of surgery and was still present 24 months after surgery. Patients exceeding Minimally Clinically Important Differences in ODI had the greatest improvements in MCS. Major depression prevalence decreased up to 48% following surgery, depending on spine diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Large scale, real world, registry data suggests that successful surgery for degenerative lumbar disease is associated with reduction in the prevalence of major depression regardless of the specific underlaying diagnosis. Worse baseline MCS was associated with worse baseline HRQOL and improved postoperatively with coincident improvement in disability, emphasizing that mental wellness is not a static state but may improve with well-planned spine surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cushnie
- McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8S 4L8.
| | - C Fisher
- University of British Columbia, 6th floor, 818 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V5Z 1M9
| | - H Hall
- University of Toronto, 494851 Traverston Road, Markdale, Ontario, Canada, N0C 1H0
| | - M Johnson
- University of Manitoba, AD401 - 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3A 1R9
| | - S Christie
- Dalhousie University, Department of Surgery (Neurosurgery), Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 4R2
| | - C Bailey
- Western University, 800 Commissioners Rd. E., E1-317London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5W9
| | - P Phan
- University of Ottawa, 1053 Carling Ave, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1Y 4E9
| | - E Abraham
- Dalhousie University, 555 Somerset St, Suite 200, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada, E2K 4X2
| | - A Glennie
- Dalhousie University, Department of Surgery (Neurosurgery), Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 4R2
| | - B Jacobs
- University of Calgary, Foothills Medical Centre, 1403 - 29th Street NW Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 2T9
| | - J Paquet
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec City, Quebec, Canada, G1J 1Z4
| | - K Thomas
- University of Calgary, Foothills Medical Centre, 1403 - 29th Street NW Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 2T9
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Shiao J, Patton T, Holt D, Robin T, Fisher C. PO-0196 Dosimetric Analysis of Combined Intracavitary and Interstitial Needles Placement for Cervical Cancer. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)06355-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Shiao J, Holt D, Robin T, Fisher C. PO-0182 Excellent Outcomes with CT-Based HDR Brachytherapy for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)06341-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Saturno G, Lopes F, Niculescu-Duvaz I, Niculescu-Duvaz D, Zambon A, Davies L, Johnson L, Preece N, Lee R, Viros A, Holovanchuk D, Pedersen M, McLeary R, Lorigan P, Dhomen N, Fisher C, Banerji U, Dean E, Krebs MG, Gore M, Larkin J, Marais R, Springer C. The paradox-breaking panRAF plus SRC family kinase inhibitor, CCT3833, is effective in mutant KRAS-driven cancers. Ann Oncol 2021; 32:269-278. [PMID: 33130216 PMCID: PMC7839839 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND KRAS is mutated in ∼90% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, ∼35% of colorectal cancers and ∼20% of non-small-cell lung cancers. There has been recent progress in targeting G12CKRAS specifically, but therapeutic options for other mutant forms of KRAS are limited, largely because the complexity of downstream signaling and feedback mechanisms mean that targeting individual pathway components is ineffective. DESIGN The protein kinases RAF and SRC are validated therapeutic targets in KRAS-mutant pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, colorectal cancers and non-small-cell lung cancers and we show that both must be inhibited to block growth of these cancers. We describe CCT3833, a new drug that inhibits both RAF and SRC, which may be effective in KRAS-mutant cancers. RESULTS We show that CCT3833 inhibits RAF and SRC in KRAS-mutant tumors in vitro and in vivo, and that it inhibits tumor growth at well-tolerated doses in mice. CCT3833 has been evaluated in a phase I clinical trial (NCT02437227) and we report here that it significantly prolongs progression-free survival of a patient with a G12VKRAS spindle cell sarcoma who did not respond to a multikinase inhibitor and therefore had limited treatment options. CONCLUSIONS New drug CCT3833 elicits significant preclinical therapeutic efficacy in KRAS-mutant colorectal, lung and pancreatic tumor xenografts, demonstrating a treatment option for several areas of unmet clinical need. Based on these preclinical data and the phase I clinical unconfirmed response in a patient with KRAS-mutant spindle cell sarcoma, CCT3833 requires further evaluation in patients with other KRAS-mutant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Saturno
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, the University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Manchester, UK
| | - F Lopes
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, the University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Manchester, UK; Gene and Oncogene Targeting Team, CR-UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, the Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - I Niculescu-Duvaz
- Gene and Oncogene Targeting Team, CR-UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, the Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - D Niculescu-Duvaz
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, the University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Manchester, UK; Gene and Oncogene Targeting Team, CR-UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, the Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - A Zambon
- Gene and Oncogene Targeting Team, CR-UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, the Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - L Davies
- Gene and Oncogene Targeting Team, CR-UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, the Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - L Johnson
- Gene and Oncogene Targeting Team, CR-UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, the Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - N Preece
- Gene and Oncogene Targeting Team, CR-UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, the Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - R Lee
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, the University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Manchester, UK
| | - A Viros
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, the University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Manchester, UK
| | - D Holovanchuk
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, the University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Manchester, UK
| | - M Pedersen
- Targeted Therapy Team, the Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - R McLeary
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, the University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Manchester, UK; Gene and Oncogene Targeting Team, CR-UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, the Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - P Lorigan
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - N Dhomen
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, the University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Manchester, UK
| | - C Fisher
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - U Banerji
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - E Dean
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - M G Krebs
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - M Gore
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J Larkin
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - R Marais
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, the University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Manchester, UK.
| | - C Springer
- Drug Discovery Unit, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, the University of Manchester, Alderley Park, Manchester, UK; Gene and Oncogene Targeting Team, CR-UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, the Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
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Singer L, Damast S, Chino J, Taunk N, Lin L, Lee L, Mohindra P, Bradley K, Fisher C, Fields E, Joyner M. OC-1048: Use of Ultrasound-Compatible Models for Simulation-Based Gynecological Education. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01985-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Vargas L, Sakomura NK, Leme BB, Antayhua FAP, Campos D, Gous RM, Fisher C. A description of the growth and moulting of feathers in commercial broilers. Br Poult Sci 2020; 61:454-464. [PMID: 32233666 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1747597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
1. Changes in feather length and weight and daily losses of down, contour feathers, remiges and retrices were studied in two commercial broiler strains to determine feather growth and moult in broilers up to 112 d of age. 2. Ten pens of 20 chicks for each sex x strain were fed adequate amounts of dietary protein in a four-phase feeding programme. Ten birds were sampled per genotype at 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 98 and 112 d. Feather loss was determined for individual birds caged within a nylon net. 3. All feathers were dry-plucked from each of seven tracts, with representative feathers from the capital-cervical, dorsopelvic and interscapular, pectoral and femoral tracts being randomly selected. Three rectrices of the dorsocaudal tract and three primaries and secondaries of the humeral-alar tract of the right wing were evaluated. 4. The length of the selected feathers was measured, and the feathers from each tract and from the whole bird were weighed. 5. A wide range of rates of maturing (0.0250-0.0907/d) and mature weights (9.62-52.9 g) were evident between sampled tracts. 6. Feather weight failed to predict some moults which were detected by the measurement of feather losses. From the weight data, moulting was evident only in the humeral-alar and dorsocaudal tracts, whereas, when daily losses were measured, contour feathers accounted for over 0.7 proportion of feather losses. Logistic equations adequately described the cumulative losses of down, contour feathers and remiges. 7. Feather loss needs to be considered when feather growth is determined from feather weight at different ages. 8. The rate of maturing (B) of feathers was numerically higher in Ross males and females than in the Cobb strain. In females, B was higher than in males (0.0483 vs. 0335/d) but the mature weight was lower (162 vs. 230 g).
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vargas
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Departamento de Zootecnia da FCAV-UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio De Mesquita Filho , Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - N K Sakomura
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Departamento de Zootecnia da FCAV-UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio De Mesquita Filho , Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - B B Leme
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Departamento de Zootecnia da FCAV-UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio De Mesquita Filho , Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - F A P Antayhua
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Departamento de Zootecnia da FCAV-UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio De Mesquita Filho , Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - D Campos
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Departamento de Zootecnia da FCAV-UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio De Mesquita Filho , Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - R M Gous
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Earth Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - C Fisher
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Earth Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
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Tørnqvist-Johnsen C, Schnabel T, Gow AG, Del-Pozo J, Milne E, Macklin V, Fisher C, Handel I, Mellanby RJ. Investigation of the relationship between ionised and total calcium in dogs with ionised hypercalcaemia. J Small Anim Pract 2020; 61:247-252. [PMID: 32043601 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the relationship between total and ionised calcium concentrations in dogs with ionised hypercalcaemia and to evaluate how albumin influences this relationship. METHODS Initially, a reference interval for ionised and total calcium was established using a large population of healthy adult dogs. Our teaching hospital clinical database was searched to identify adult dogs with ionised hypercalcaemia between 2012 and 2017, a time frame when the same sample handling and analysis protocols were in place as for the healthy reference interval population. The relationship between ionised and total calcium concentrations was then examined in the ionised hypercalcaemia population. RESULTS Based on biochemical analysis of 351 healthy adult dogs, a reference interval of 1.18 to 1.53 mmol/L for ionised calcium and 2.24 to 2.85 mmol/L for total calcium was established. Using these reference intervals, 63 dogs with ionised hypercalcaemia were identified, of which 23 did not have total hypercalcaemia. Only seven of the 23 dogs with ionised hypercalcaemia and total calcium below the upper limit of the reference interval had hypoalbuminemia. The majority of dogs with ionised hypercalcemia and normal total calcium had a modest increase in ionised calcium. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE If relying on total calcium alone, more than one third of dogs with ionised hypercalcaemia will be classified as normocalcaemic and the majority of these dogs had normal serum albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tørnqvist-Johnsen
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Hospital for Small Animals, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Midlothian, UK
| | - T Schnabel
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Hospital for Small Animals, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Midlothian, UK
| | - A G Gow
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Hospital for Small Animals, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Midlothian, UK
| | - J Del-Pozo
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Hospital for Small Animals, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Midlothian, UK
| | - E Milne
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Hospital for Small Animals, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Midlothian, UK
| | - V Macklin
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Hospital for Small Animals, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Midlothian, UK
| | - C Fisher
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Hospital for Small Animals, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Midlothian, UK
| | - I Handel
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Hospital for Small Animals, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Midlothian, UK
| | - R J Mellanby
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Hospital for Small Animals, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Midlothian, UK
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Vargas L, Sakomura NK, Leme BB, Antayhua F, Reis M, Gous R, Fisher C. A description of the potential growth and body composition of two commercial broiler strains. Br Poult Sci 2020; 61:266-273. [PMID: 31986911 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1716300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
1. The potential growth of feathers and feather-free body and their chemical components was measured in two commercial broiler strains. 2. A total of 200 chicks of each sex x strain were fed adequate amounts of dietary protein using a four-phase feeding programme. Ten birds per genotype were sampled at 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 98 and 112 d of age. They were weighed before and after being dry-plucked to determine the weight of feathers, and the feather-free body was then minced and analysed for water, protein and lipid. 3. Body weights and chemical composition of males of the two strains were similar throughout the trial. Females of the two strains differed only in their body lipid contents, with mature Cobb females being higher than Ross (1371 vs. 1210 g). 4. Mature body weights of males and females from both strains averaged 8420 g and 6650 g; mature body protein weights averaged 1555 g and 1030 g; and mature body lipid contents averaged 908 and 1290 g, respectively. 5. Rates of maturing per day of body weights of males and females of both strains averaged 0.0385 and 0.0368; feather-free body protein was 0.0316 and 0.0348 and body lipid was 0.0503 and 0.0375, respectively. The rates for body lipid differed between Cobb and Ross females (0.0352 vs. 0.0397/d). Separate equations were required for males and females to describe the allometric relationship between lipid and protein in the feather-free body. 6. The rate of maturing of feathers in females was higher than in males (0.0526 vs. 0398/d) and the mature weight was lower (205 vs. 266 g), respectively. Mature body weights of broilers in this trial were considerably higher than those measured using the same protocol 24 years ago, whereas rates of maturing remained the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vargas
- Departamento de Zootecnia da FCAV-UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho , Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - N K Sakomura
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Departamento de Zootecnia da FCAV-UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista , Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - B B Leme
- Departamento de Zootecnia da FCAV-UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho , Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - F Antayhua
- Departamento de Zootecnia da FCAV-UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho , Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Reis
- Faculdade de Ciencias Agrarias e Veterinarias Campus de Jaboticabal, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho , Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - R Gous
- Animal and Poultry Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - C Fisher
- Animal and Poultry Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
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Chamberlain F, Cojocaru E, Scaranti M, Noujaim J, Thway K, Fisher C, Messiou C, Strauss D, Miah A, Zaidi S, Benson C, Gennatas S, Jones R. Adult soft tissue myoepithelial carcinoma: Treatment outcomes and efficacy of chemotherapy. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz433.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lee ATJ, Chew W, Wilding CP, Guljar N, Smith MJ, Strauss DC, Fisher C, Hayes AJ, Judson I, Thway K, Jones RL, Huang PH. The adequacy of tissue microarrays in the assessment of inter- and intra-tumoural heterogeneity of infiltrating lymphocyte burden in leiomyosarcoma. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14602. [PMID: 31601875 PMCID: PMC6787212 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50888-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The characterisation and clinical relevance of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in leiomyosarcoma (LMS), a subtype of soft tissue sarcoma that exhibits histological heterogeneity, is not established. The use of tissue microarrays (TMA) in studies that profile TIL burden is attractive but given the potential for intra-tumoural heterogeneity to introduce sampling errors, the adequacy of this approach is undetermined. In this study, we assessed the histological inter- and intra-tumoural heterogeneity in TIL burden within a retrospective cohort of primary LMS specimens. Using a virtual TMA approach, we also analysed the optimal number of TMA cores required to provide an accurate representation of TIL burden in a full tissue section. We establish that LMS have generally low and spatially homogenous TIL burdens, although a small proportion exhibit higher levels and more heterogeneous distribution of TILs. We show that a conventional and practical number (e.g. ≤3) of TMA cores is adequate for correct ordinal categorisation of tumours with high or low TIL burden, but that many more cores (≥11) are required to accurately estimate absolute TIL numbers. Our findings provide a benchmark for the design of future studies aiming to define the clinical relevance of the immune microenvironments of LMS and other sarcoma subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T J Lee
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, UK.,Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - W Chew
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - C P Wilding
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - N Guljar
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - M J Smith
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - D C Strauss
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - C Fisher
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - A J Hayes
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - I Judson
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - K Thway
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - R L Jones
- Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, UK.,Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - P H Huang
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB, UK.
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20
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Chong T, Palma-Diaz MF, Fisher C, Gui D, Ostrzega NL, Sempa G, Sisk AE, Valasek M, Wang BY, Zuckerman J, Khacherian C, Binder S, Wallace WD. The California Telepathology Service: UCLA's Experience in Deploying a Regional Digital Pathology Subspecialty Consultation Network. J Pathol Inform 2019; 10:31. [PMID: 31620310 PMCID: PMC6788184 DOI: 10.4103/jpi.jpi_22_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The need for extending pathology diagnostic expertise to more areas is now being met by the maturation of technology that can effectively deliver this level of care. The experience and lessons learned from our successfully deployed International Telepathology Service (ITS) to a hospital system in China guided us in starting a domestic telepathology network, the California Telepathology Service (CTS). Many of the lessons learned from the ITS project informed our decision-making for the CTS. New challenges were recognized and overcome, such as addressing the complexity and cost–benefit tradeoffs involved in setting up a digital consultation system that competes with an established conventional glass slide delivery system. Methods: The CTS is based on a hub-and-spoke telepathology network using Leica Biosystems whole-slide image scanners and the eSlide Manager (eSM Version 12.3.3.7055, Leica Biosystems) digital image management software solution. The service currently comprises six spoke sites (UC San Diego [UCSD], UC Irvine [UCI], UC Davis, Northridge Hospital Medical Center [NHMC], Olive View Medical Center [OVMC], and Children's Hospital Los Angeles) and one central hub site (UCLA Medical Center). So far, five sites have been validated for telepathology case consultations following established practice guidelines, and four sites (UCI, UCSD, NHMC, and OVMC) have activated the service. Results: For the active spoke sites, we reviewed the volume, turnaround time (TAT), and case types and evaluated for utility and value. From May 2017 to July 2018, a total of 165 cases were submitted. Of note, digital consultations were particularly advantageous for preliminary kidney biopsy diagnoses (avg TAT 0.7 day). Conclusion: For spoke sites, telepathology provided shortened TAT and significant financial savings over hiring faculty with expertise to support a potentially low-volume service. For the hub site, the value includes exposure to educationally valuable cases, additional caseload volume to support specialized services, and improved communication with referring facilities over traditional carrier mail. The creation of a hub-and-spoke telepathology network is an expensive undertaking, and careful consideration needs to be given to support the needs of the clinical services, acquisition and effective deployment of the appropriate equipment, network requirements, and laboratory workflows to ensure a successful and cost-effective system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Chong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M Fernando Palma-Diaz
- Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Craig Fisher
- UCSD Medical Center Pathology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Dorina Gui
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Nora L Ostrzega
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Geoffrey Sempa
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Anthony E Sisk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mark Valasek
- UCSD Medical Center Pathology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Beverly Y Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan Zuckerman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chris Khacherian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Scott Binder
- Affiliated Pathologists Medical Group, Inc., Rancho Dominguez, CA, USA
| | - W Dean Wallace
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Morris T, Gous R, Fisher C. An analysis of the hypothesis that amino acid requirements for chicks should be stated as a proportion of dietary protein. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2019. [DOI: 10.1079/wps19990002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T.R. Morris
- Department of Agriculture, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Reading RG6 6AT, UK
| | - R.M. Gous
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - C. Fisher
- Leyden Old House, Kirknewton, Midlothian EH27 8DO, UK
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Fisher
- Department of Agriculture, University of Reading
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23
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Drabbe C, Benson C, Younger E, Zaidi S, Jones RL, Judson I, Chisholm J, Mandeville H, Fisher C, Thway K, Al Muderis O, Messiou C, Strauss D, Husson O, Miah A, Van der Graaf WTA. Embryonal and Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma in Adults: Real-Life Data From a Tertiary Sarcoma Centre. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2019; 32:e27-e35. [PMID: 31350181 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Embryonal and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS, ARMS) are subtypes of RMS that mainly occur in children, with relatively good outcomes. The incidence in adults is extremely low and survival is significantly worse compared with children. Data are scarce and literature generally combines all RMS subtypes, including pleomorphic RMS, which primarily occurs in adults and behaves more like undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate patient and tumour characteristics, outcome and prognostic factors in adult patients with ERMS and ARMS. MATERIALS AND METHODS All adult (18 years or older) ERMS and ARMS patients (presenting 1990-2016) were identified from a prospectively maintained database and were included in this analysis. RESULTS Overall, 66 patients were included (42 men, 24 women). The median age at presentation was 28 years (range 18-71). The median overall survival for all ARMS (n = 42) and ERMS (n = 24) patients was 18 months, with a 5-year overall survival rate of 27%. Patients presenting with localised disease (n = 38, 58%) and metastatic disease (n = 25, 42%), had a 5-year overall survival rate of 36% and 11%, respectively. In univariate analysis we found alveolar subtype, fusion gene positivity, infiltrative tumour and metastatic presentation to be negative prognostic factors. CONCLUSION Survival in adult ERMS and ARMS patients is poor and the current data may be useful in the design of trials with novel agents. Ideally, paediatric and adult oncologists should set up trials together to get a better understanding of biological, genetic and clinically relevant factors in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Drabbe
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK; Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - C Benson
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - S Zaidi
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - R L Jones
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK; The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - I Judson
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - J Chisholm
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK; The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - H Mandeville
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK; The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - C Fisher
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - K Thway
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - C Messiou
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK; The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - O Husson
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK; The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - A Miah
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - W T A Van der Graaf
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK; Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
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Gous RM, Fisher C, Tůmová E, Machander V, Chodová D, Vlčková J, Uhlířová L, Ketta M. The growth of turkeys 1. Growth of the body and feathers and the chemical composition of growth. Br Poult Sci 2019; 60:539-547. [PMID: 31157554 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2019.1622076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
1. The potential growth of modern turkey genotypes was measured using male and female BUT 6 (BUT) and Hybrid Converter (HYB) strains. At one-day-old, 720 male and 960 female poults were randomly allocated to 48 littered pens in two houses with 30 males or 40 females of each strain per pen. Five feeds of decreasing protein content were fed to both sexes during the growing period. 2. Birds were weighed at 1, 7, 14, 21, 35, 56, 77, 119 d (males only), 126 d (females only) and 140 d (males only) and, on each occasion, six birds were selected and removed for carcass analysis. 3. Growth was similar in both strains, but the growth rate of females appeared to decline relative to the earlier trajectory after 70 d, and this tendency being greater in HYB females. 4. HYB birds of both sexes had more feathers than BUT to 77 d, but thereafter these differences were non-significant. A single allometry between feather and body protein weight was observed over all genotypes with no differences apparent between sexes within strains. The Gompertz curve adequately described the growth of body protein, water and ash. 5. Body lipid (g/100g bodyweight) declined in the early stages of growth. This might reflect an energy deficiency in the diet or might indicate that the present description of lipid growth does not apply in turkeys as it does in other species. 6. Whereas the description of body growth, feather growth and the chemical components of growth given in this paper may not fully reflect the true potential of the genotypes used, nevertheless they provide useful information regarding the latest genotypes available in the turkey industry. Some of the observations suggested that current performance might be improved if further research is conducted regarding dietary energy transactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Gous
- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Pietermaritzburg , South Africa
| | - C Fisher
- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Pietermaritzburg , South Africa
| | - E Tůmová
- University of Life Sciences, Prague , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - V Machander
- International Testing Station , Ústrašice , Czech Republic
| | - D Chodová
- University of Life Sciences, Prague , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - J Vlčková
- University of Life Sciences, Prague , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - L Uhlířová
- University of Life Sciences, Prague , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - M Ketta
- University of Life Sciences, Prague , Prague , Czech Republic
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Gous RM, Fisher C, Tůmová E, Machander V, Chodová D, Vlčková J, Uhlířová L, Ketta M. The growth of turkeys 2. Body components and allometric relationships. Br Poult Sci 2019; 60:548-553. [PMID: 31157551 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2019.1622077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
1. The relationships between the main components of the body and body protein among males and females of BUT 6 (BUT) and Hybrid Converter (HYB) turkey strains were examined. 2. The weights of breast meat, breast skin, drumstick meat, drumstick skin, thigh meat, thigh skin and wing-plus-skin as well as the head, neck, feet, blood, heart, liver and gizzard were measured at different stages of growth after which all components of each bird were minced together in order to determine the feather-free body protein weight of each bird sampled. Using the weights of the components and the protein content of each bird the allometric relationships between the components and body protein were determined and then compared for each strain x sex combination. 3. By excluding the breast weights at day-old and at 7 d, the remaining points produced an acceptable allometric relationship (R2 = 0.992). Thigh weight could be predicted for all strain x sex combinations using one allometric equation, as could drumstick skin weight. Breast and thigh skin weights differed between males and females. Females of the HYB strain exhibited heavier drumstick and wing-plus-skin weights at a given body protein weight than the other three strain x sex combinations. These differences in both the constant term and regression coefficient in the allometric equations between genotypes are probably due to differences in the amount of lipid that is deposited in these tissues. 4. Sexes differed in the allometric relationships for head, feet, heart and liver, while breeds differed in gizzard weight. A common relationship between the four genotypes could be used to predict the weight of blood in the carcass. 5. The allometric equations fitted to the data in this trial enable the accurate prediction of the weights of the different physical components given the weight of body protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Gous
- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Scottsville , South Africa
| | - C Fisher
- School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Scottsville , South Africa
| | - E Tůmová
- University of Life Sciences Prague , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - V Machander
- International Testing Station , Ústrašice , Czech Republic
| | - D Chodová
- University of Life Sciences Prague , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - J Vlčková
- University of Life Sciences Prague , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - L Uhlířová
- University of Life Sciences Prague , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - M Ketta
- University of Life Sciences Prague , Prague , Czech Republic
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Graepel R, Ter Braak B, Escher S, Fisher C, Gardner I, Kamp H, Kroese D, Leist M, Moné M, Pastor M, van de Water B. Paradigm shift in safety assessment using new approach methods: The EU-ToxRisk strategy. Current Opinion in Toxicology 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Multari RA, Cremers DA, Nelson A, Karimi Z, Young S, Fisher C, Duncan R. The use of laser-based diagnostics for the rapid identification of infectious agents in human blood. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 126:1606-1617. [PMID: 30767345 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the use of a laser-based method of detection as a potential diagnostic test for the rapid identification of infectious agents in human blood. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, the successful differentiation of blood spiked with viruses, bacteria or protozoan parasites to clinically relevant levels is demonstrated using six blood types (O+, O-, AB+, A+, A-, B+) using blood from different individuals with blood samples prepared in two different laboratories. Experiments were performed using various compositions of filters, experimental set-ups and experimental parameters for spectral capture. CONCLUSIONS The potential for developing a laser-based diagnostic instrument to detect the presence of parasites, bacteria and viruses in human blood capable of providing analysis results within minutes was demonstrated. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY There is an ongoing need for clinical diagnostics to adapt to newly emerging agents and to screen simultaneously for multiple infectious agents. A laser-based approach can achieve sensitive, multiplex detection with minimal sample preparation and provide rapid results (within minutes). These properties along with the flexibility to add new agent detection by simply adjusting the detection programming make it a promising tool for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Multari
- Creative LIBS Solutions, Bernalillo, NM, USA
| | - D A Cremers
- Creative LIBS Solutions, Bernalillo, NM, USA
| | - A Nelson
- Creative LIBS Solutions, Bernalillo, NM, USA
| | - Z Karimi
- TriCore Reference Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - S Young
- TriCore Reference Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico HSC, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - C Fisher
- Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - R Duncan
- Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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Fisher C, Mo A, Warrillow S, Smith C, Jones D. Utility of Thromboelastography in Managing Acquired Factor VIII Inhibitor Associated Massive Haemorrhage. Anaesth Intensive Care 2019; 41:799-803. [DOI: 10.1177/0310057x1304100617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Fisher
- Department of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Intensive Care
| | - A. Mo
- Department of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Haematology
| | - S. Warrillow
- Department of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Intensive Care
| | - C. Smith
- Department of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Haematology
| | - D. Jones
- Department of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine; Adjunct Associate Professor, Department of Surgery
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Fisher C, Siméon S, Jamei M, Gardner I, Bois YF. VIVD: Virtual in vitro distribution model for the mechanistic prediction of intracellular concentrations of chemicals in in vitro toxicity assays. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 58:42-50. [PMID: 30599189 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In vitro toxicity testing routinely uses nominal treatment concentrations as the driver for measured toxicity endpoints. However, test compounds can bind to the plastic of culture vessels or interact with culture media components, such as lipids and albumin. Additionally, volatile compounds may partition into the air above culture media. These processes reduce the free concentrations of compound to which cells are exposed. Models predicting the freely dissolved concentrations by accounting for these interactions have been published. However, these have only been applied to neutral compounds or assume no differential ionisation of test compounds between the media and cell cytoplasm. Herein, we describe an in vitro distribution model, based on the Fick-Nernst Planck equation accounting for differential compound ionisation in culture medium and intracellular water. The model considers permeability of ionised and unionised species and accounts for membrane potential in the partitioning of ionised moieties. By accounting for lipid and protein binding in culture medium, binding to cell culture plastic, air-partitioning, and lipid binding in the cell, the model can predict chemical concentrations (free and total) in medium and cells. The model can improve in vitro in vivo extrapolation of toxicity endpoint by determining intracellular concentrations for translation to in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fisher
- Certara UK Limited, Simcyp Division, Acero, 1 Concourse Way, Sheffield S1 2BJ, UK.
| | - S Siméon
- INERIS, METO Unit, Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - M Jamei
- Certara UK Limited, Simcyp Division, Acero, 1 Concourse Way, Sheffield S1 2BJ, UK
| | - I Gardner
- Certara UK Limited, Simcyp Division, Acero, 1 Concourse Way, Sheffield S1 2BJ, UK
| | - Y F Bois
- INERIS, METO Unit, Verneuil en Halatte, France
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Oosthuyzen W, Ten Berg P, Francis B, Campbell S, Macklin V, Milne E, Gow AG, Fisher C, Mellanby R, Dear J. Sensitivity and specificity of microRNA-122 for liver disease in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2018; 32:1637-1644. [PMID: 30070004 PMCID: PMC6189383 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current tests for diagnosing liver disease in dogs are sub-optimal. MicroRNA-122 (miR-122) is a sensitive and specific biomarker of liver injury in humans and rodents. Circulating miR-122 could have utility in identifying dogs with liver disease. OBJECTIVE Establish the reference interval for miR-122 in healthy dogs and determine performance in a range of dog breeds with liver disease and control animals with non-liver disease. ANIMALS Stored serum from 120 healthy dogs, 100 dogs with non-liver diseases, and 30 dogs with histologically confirmed liver disease was analyzed. METHODS Retrospective study. Medical records of dogs with liver disease, non-liver disease and healthy dogs were reviewed. Serum miR-122 concentrations were measured by PCR and compared with the characteristics of the dogs and their conventional clinical measurements. RESULTS In healthy dogs the 2.5th, 50th, and 97.5th quartiles of miR-122 were 110 (90% CI 80-114), 594 (505-682), and 3312 (2925-5144) copies/μL, respectively. There was no difference between healthy dogs and dogs with non-liver disease (median ± IQR: healthy dogs 609 [327-1014] copies/μL; non-liver disease 607 [300-1351] copies/μL). miR-122 was higher in dogs with liver disease (11 332 [4418-20 520] copies/μL, P < .001 compared to healthy dogs). miR-122 identified dogs with liver disease with high accuracy (receiver operating characteristic area under curve for comparison with healthy dogs: 0.93 [95% CI 0.86-0.99]). The upper limit of normal for healthy dogs (3312 copies/μL) had a sensitivity of 77% and specificity of 97% for identifying liver disease. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Liver disease can be sensitively and specifically diagnosed in dogs by measurement of miR-122.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Oosthuyzen
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghThe United Kingdom
| | - P.W.L. Ten Berg
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghThe United Kingdom
| | - B. Francis
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Translational MedicineUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolThe United Kingdom
| | - S. Campbell
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, The Hospital for Small AnimalsUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghThe United Kingdom
| | - V. Macklin
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, The Hospital for Small AnimalsUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghThe United Kingdom
| | - E. Milne
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, The Hospital for Small AnimalsUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghThe United Kingdom
| | - A. G. Gow
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, The Hospital for Small AnimalsUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghThe United Kingdom
| | - C. Fisher
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, The Hospital for Small AnimalsUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghThe United Kingdom
| | - R.J. Mellanby
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, The Hospital for Small AnimalsUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghThe United Kingdom
| | - J.W. Dear
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghThe United Kingdom
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Patel A, Ludwinski F, Kapoor P, Kerr A, Cho J, Fisher C, Hope A, Livieratos L, Saha P, Lyons O, Smith A, Modarai B. CD16+ monocytes stimulate arteriogenesis to salvage the ischemic Limb—a bench to bedside study. Cytotherapy 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.02.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Dosani M, Lucas S, Wong J, Weir L, Lomas S, Cumayas C, Fisher C, Tyldesley S. Impact of the Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score on Surgical Referral Patterns and Outcomes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 25:53-58. [PMID: 29507484 DOI: 10.3747/co.25.3835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background The Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (sins) was developed to identify patients with spinal metastases who may benefit from surgical consultation. We aimed to assess the distribution of sins in a population-based cohort of patients undergoing palliative spine radiotherapy (rt) and referral rates to spinal surgery pre-rt. Secondary outcomes included referral to a spine surgeon post-rt, overall survival, maintenance of ambulation, need for re-intervention, and presence of spinal adverse events. Methods We retrospectively reviewed ct simulation scans and charts of consecutive patients receiving palliative spine rt between 2012 and 2013. Data were analyzed using Student's t-test, Chi-squared, Fisher's exact, and Kaplan-Meier log-rank tests. Patients were stratified into low (<7) and high (≥7) sins groups. Results We included 195 patients with a follow-up of 6.1 months. The median sins was 7. The score was 0 to 6 (low, no referral recommended), 7 to 12 (intermediate, consider referral), and 13 to 18 (high, referral suggested) in 34%, 59%, and 7% of patients, respectively. Eleven patients had pre-rt referral to spine surgery, with a surgery performed in 0 of 1 patient with sins 0 to 6, 1 of 7 with sins 7 to 12, and 1 of 3 with sins 13 to 18. Seven patients were referred to a surgeon post-rt with salvage surgery performed in two of those patients. Primary and secondary outcomes did not differ between low and high sins groups. Conclusion Higher sins was associated with pre-rt referral to a spine surgeon, but most patients with high sins were not referred. Higher sins was not associated with shorter survival or worse outcome following rt.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dosani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Vancouver Centre, 600 W 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC
| | - S Lucas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Centre for the Southern Interior, 399 Royal Ave, Kelowna, BC; and
| | - J Wong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Vancouver Centre, 600 W 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC
| | - L Weir
- Department of Radiation Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Vancouver Centre, 600 W 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC
| | - S Lomas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Vancouver Centre, 600 W 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC
| | - C Cumayas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Vancouver Centre, 600 W 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC
| | - C Fisher
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, University of British Columbia and Vancouver General Hospital, 899 W 12th Ave, Vancouver, BC
| | - S Tyldesley
- Department of Radiation Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Vancouver Centre, 600 W 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Popert
- Department of Urology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London
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Bray TJP, Fisher C, Sen D, Ioannou Y, Hall-Craggs MA. 4. The Natural History of Enthesitis-related Arthritis on Biologic Therapy. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex390.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Chew W, van der Graaf W, Miah A, Benson C, Zaidi S, Messiou C, Thway K, Fisher C, Jones R. Efficacy of chemotherapy in sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx675.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Thway K, Noujaim J, Jones R, Fisher C. Advances in the Pathology and Molecular Biology of Sarcomas and the Impact on Treatment. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2017; 29:471-480. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Ali S, Muhammad S, Khurshid A, Ikram M, Fisher C, Cathcart J, Lilge L. Doxorubicin or methotrexate exposure followed by aluminum phthalocyanine mediated photodynamic therapy provides for effective co-therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.01.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Castaneda CH, Scuderi MJ, Edwards TG, Harris GD, Dupureur CM, Koeller KJ, Fisher C, Bashkin JK. Improved Antiviral Activity of a Polyamide Against High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Via N-Terminal Guanidinium Substitution. Medchemcomm 2016; 7:2076-2082. [PMID: 27840672 DOI: 10.1039/c6md00371k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of two novel pyrrole-imidazole polyamides with N-terminal guanidinium or tetramethylguanidinium groups and evaluate their antiviral activity against three cancer-causing human papillomavirus strains. Introduction of guanidinium improves antiviral activity when compared to an unsubstituted analog, especially in IC90 values. These substitutions change DNA-binding preferences, while binding affinity remains unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Castaneda
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - M J Scuderi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - T G Edwards
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - G D Harris
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - C M Dupureur
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - K J Koeller
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - C Fisher
- NanoVir, LLC, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 (USA)
| | - J K Bashkin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA; NanoVir, LLC, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 (USA)
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Russo J, Snow A, Terrell A, Vishal S, Laszewski M, Fisher C, Liu B, Mott S, Hellekson C, Kaelberer J, Furqan M, Anderson C, Buatti J, Watkins J. Resected p16+ Oropharyngeal Cancer (OPC) With Nodal Extracapsular Extension (ECE): Is Adjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy (CRT) Superior to Radiation Therapy (RT) Alone? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.1572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Li Y, Freedman G, Steel L, Carrigan E, Lin L, Fisher C, Czerniecki B, Tchou J. Outcomes With or Without Postmastectomy Radiation (PMRT) For 1 to 3 Positive Nodes. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Smith A, Calley J, Mathur S, Qian HR, Wu H, Farmen M, Caiment F, Bushel PR, Li J, Fisher C, Kirby P, Koenig E, Hall DG, Watson DE. The Rat microRNA body atlas; Evaluation of the microRNA content of rat organs through deep sequencing and characterization of pancreas enriched miRNAs as biomarkers of pancreatic toxicity in the rat and dog. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:694. [PMID: 27576563 PMCID: PMC5006322 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2956-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNA) are ~19–25 nucleotide long RNA molecules that fine tune gene expression through the inhibition of translation or degradation of the mRNA through incorporation into the RNA induced silencing complex (RISC). MicroRNAs are stable in the serum and plasma, are detectable in a wide variety of body fluids, are conserved across veterinary species and humans and are expressed in a tissue specific manner. They can be detected at low concentrations in circulation in animals and humans, generating interest in the utilization of miRNAs as serum and/or plasma based biomarkers of tissue injury. MicroRNA tissue profiling in rodents has been published, but sample an insufficient number of organs of toxicologic interest using microarray or qPCR technologies for miRNA detection. Here we impart an improved rat microRNA body atlas consisting of 21 and 23 tissues of toxicologic interest from male and female Sprague Dawley rats respectively, using Illumina miRNA sequencing. Several of the authors created a dog miRNA body atlas and we collaborated to test miRNAs conserved in rat and dog pancreas in caerulein toxicity studies utilizing both species. Results A rich data set is presented that more robustly defines the tissue specificity and enrichment profiles of previously published and undiscovered rat miRNAs. We generated 1,927 sequences that mapped to mature miRNAs in rat, mouse and human from miRBase and discovered an additional 1,162 rat miRNAs as compared to the current number of rat miRNAs in miRBase version 21. Tissue specific and enriched miRNAs were identified and a subset of these miRNAs were validated by qPCR for tissue specificity or enrichment. As an example of the power of this approach, we have conducted rat and dog pancreas toxicity studies and examined the levels of some tissue specific and enriched miRNAs conserved between rat and dog in the serum of each species. The studies demonstrate that conserved tissue specific/enriched miRs-216a-5p, 375-3p, 148a-3p, 216b-5p and 141-3p are candidate biomarkers of pancreatic injury in the rat and dog. Conclusions A microRNA body atlas for rat and dog was useful in identifying new candidate miRNA biomarkers of organ toxicity in 2 toxicologically relevant species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2956-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Smith
- Department of Investigative Toxicology, Non Clinical Safety Assessment and Pathology, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, 46285, IN, USA.
| | - John Calley
- Department of TTX Bioinformatics, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, 46285, IN, USA
| | - Sachin Mathur
- Department of TTX Bioinformatics, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, 46285, IN, USA
| | - Hui-Rong Qian
- Department of Discovery and Development Statistics, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, 46285, IN, USA
| | - Han Wu
- Department of Discovery and Development Statistics, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, 46285, IN, USA
| | - Mark Farmen
- Department of Discovery and Development Statistics, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, 46285, IN, USA
| | - Florian Caiment
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, Universiteitsingel, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pierre R Bushel
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Biostatistics Branch, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jianying Li
- Kelly Government Solutions, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Craig Fisher
- Drug Safety Evaluation, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Company, Deerfield, USA
| | - Patrick Kirby
- Drug Safety Evaluation, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Company, Deerfield, USA
| | - Erik Koenig
- Molecular Pathology, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Company, Deerfield, USA
| | - David G Hall
- Department of Investigative Pathology, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, 46285, IN, USA
| | - David E Watson
- Department of Investigative Toxicology, Non Clinical Safety Assessment and Pathology, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, 46285, IN, USA
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Abstract
Skin blood flux and the venoarteriolar response have been studied by laser- Doppler flowmetry (LDF) in 20 postphlebitic limbs and in 20 normal limbs. Histology was also studied with punch biopsy specimens in postphlebitic limbs and in 4 randomly selected, normal volunteers. Skin flux was increased and the venoarteriolar response decreased in all postphlebitic limbs. Also in all patients an apparent increase in the number of capillaries was observed. They appeared dilated and tortuous, and the thick ened capillary wall was surrounded by a pericapillary halo composed of pro tein, neutral polysaccharides, hemosiderin, and fibrin. In conclusion, measurements with LDF differentiate between normal and postphlebitic limbs, corresponding to the histologic finding of an altered capil lary system. Therefore, LDF is useful for defining the degree of microan giopathy due to venous hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Laurora
- Microcirculation Laboratory, Cardiovascular Institute, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pizzicannella
- Microcirculation Laboratory, Cardiovascular Institute, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Cesarone
- Microcirculation Laboratory, Cardiovascular Institute, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - C. Fisher
- Irvine Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research and Investigation, St. Mary's Hospital, London, England
| | - Giovanni Belcaro
- Microcirculation Laboratory, Cardiovascular Institute, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy, Irvine Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research and Investigation, St. Mary's Hospital, London, England
| | - A.N. Nicolaides
- Irvine Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research and Investigation, St. Mary's Hospital, London, England
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Koenig EM, Fisher C, Bernard H, Wolenski FS, Gerrein J, Carsillo M, Gallacher M, Tse A, Peters R, Smith A, Meehan A, Tirrell S, Kirby P. The beagle dog MicroRNA tissue atlas: identifying translatable biomarkers of organ toxicity. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:649. [PMID: 27535741 PMCID: PMC4989286 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2958-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNA) are varied in length, under 25 nucleotides, single-stranded noncoding RNA that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression via translational repression or mRNA degradation. Elevated levels of miRNAs can be detected in systemic circulation after tissue injury, suggesting that miRNAs are released following cellular damage. Because of their remarkable stability, ease of detection in biofluids, and tissue specific expression patterns, miRNAs have the potential to be specific biomarkers of organ injury. The identification of miRNA biomarkers requires a systematic approach: 1) determine the miRNA tissue expression profiles within a mammalian species via next generation sequencing; 2) identify enriched and/or specific miRNA expression within organs of toxicologic interest, and 3) in vivo validation with tissue-specific toxicants. While miRNA tissue expression has been reported in rodents and humans, little data exists on miRNA tissue expression in the dog, a relevant toxicology species. The generation and evaluation of the first dog miRNA tissue atlas is described here. Results Analysis of 16 tissues from five male beagle dogs identified 106 tissue enriched miRNAs, 60 of which were highly enriched in a single organ, and thus may serve as biomarkers of organ injury. A proof of concept study in dogs dosed with hepatotoxicants evaluated a qPCR panel of 15 tissue enriched miRNAs specific to liver, heart, skeletal muscle, pancreas, testes, and brain. Dogs with elevated serum levels of miR-122 and miR-885 had a correlative increase of alanine aminotransferase, and microscopic analysis confirmed liver damage. Other non-liver enriched miRNAs included in the screening panel were unaffected. Eli Lilly authors created a complimentary Sprague Dawely rat miRNA tissue atlas and demonstrated increased pancreas enriched miRNA levels in circulation, following caerulein administration in rat and dog. Conclusion The dog miRNA tissue atlas provides a resource for biomarker discovery and can be further mined with refinement of dog genome annotation. The 60 highly enriched tissue miRNAs identified within the dog miRNA tissue atlas could serve as diagnostic biomarkers and will require further validation by in vivo correlation to histopathology. Once validated, these tissue enriched miRNAs could be combined into a powerful qPCR screening panel to identify organ toxicity during early drug development. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2958-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik M Koenig
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Craig Fisher
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Hugues Bernard
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Francis S Wolenski
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Joseph Gerrein
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Mary Carsillo
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Matt Gallacher
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Aimy Tse
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Rachel Peters
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Aaron Smith
- Eli Lilly and Company, 893 S. Delaware, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Alexa Meehan
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Stephen Tirrell
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Patrick Kirby
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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Abstract
A case of collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney, with bone marrow metastases, in which there was production of alpha-fetoprotein is described. The tumor showed the typical light microscopic and immunohistochemical characteristics of collecting duct carcinoma. Alpha-fetoprotein was demonstrated immunohistochemically within tumor cells in both the primary and metastatic lesions. The clinical course was aggres sive ; the patient died within a few months of diagnosis. Int J Surg Pathol 1(4):239-244, 1994
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Affiliation(s)
- J.H. Davies
- Department of Histopathology, The Royal Marsden Hospital, Ful ham Road, London SW3 6JJ, U.K
| | - C. Fisher
- Department of Histopathology, The Royal Marsden Hospital, Ful ham Road, London SW3 6JJ, U.K
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46
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Schubert L, Westerly D, Vinogradskiy Y, Aldridge J, Fisher C, Liu A. SU-F-T-247: Collision Risks in a Modern Radiation Oncology Department: An Efficient Approach to Failure Modes and Effects Analysis. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4956470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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47
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Fisher C, Bourke L, Radziszewska A, Jadon D, Sengupta R, Bray T, Hall-Craggs M, Sen D, Ioannou Y. THU0217 DKK-1 Levels Are Elevated in Patients with Enthesitis Related Arthritis without Sacroiliac Joint Fusion. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.6050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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48
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Hague C, Fisher C, O'Hara C, Elliott P, Wylie J, Choudhury A, Tran A, Coyle C, Livsey J, Logue J. Early Real Life Experience of Radium 223 (Ra223) in Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC). Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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49
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Fisher C, Rabinovitch R, Jagar J, Amini A, Kabos P. EP-1160: What drives post-mastectomy radiation therapy receipt in T2N0 patients? Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)32410-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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50
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Rieu R, Benson C, Dunlop A, Khabra K, Al-Muderis O, Jones R, Van der Graaf W, Fisher C, Thway K, Messiou C, Judson I, Miah A, Zaidi S. PO-0765: Management of primary cardiac and great vessel sarcomas, The RMH experience 2000-2015. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)32015-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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