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Deng C, Xiong C, Huo J, Liu Y, Man Y, Qu Y. Posterior open wound healing in immediate implant placement using reactive soft tissue versus absorbable collagen sponge: a retrospective cohort study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024; 53:436-443. [PMID: 38103945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The soft and hard tissue healing of open wounds in immediate implant placement are yet to be explored. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of open wound healing using reactive soft tissue (RST) and absorbable collagen sponge (ACS). Forty implants placed immediately in posterior sockets were included; autologous RST was used in 20 and ACS substitute was used in 20. Soft tissue healing was primarily assessed through a novel scoring system and the evaluation of gingival recession. The horizontal bone width (HBW) and interproximal marginal bone level (MBL) were measured on radiographs to observe the hard tissue healing. No significant difference in total soft tissue healing score was observed at 2 weeks postoperatively. Notably, the ACS group showed better tissue colour (P = 0.016) but worse fibrous repair (P = 0.043) scores than the RST group. Gingival recession levels were comparable in the two groups, both before tooth extraction and after placement of the restoration. Regarding hard tissue, HBW and MBL changes showed no intergroup differences. Within the limitations of this study, both RST and ACS seemed effective for open wound closure, achieving ideal soft and hard tissue healing in immediate implant placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - C Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - J Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y Man
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Xiong C, Chen P, Jiang ML, Chang BW, Niu CS. [Early brain imaging changes and its influence on electrode impedance after implantation of 3.0 T MRI-compatible deep brain stimulation system in Parkinson's disease subthalamic nucleus]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:3809-3815. [PMID: 38123221 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20231009-00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the imaging changes of in the early period after subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery for Parkinson's disease (PD) and its impact on electrode impedance by the application of 3.0T MRI-compatible devices. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the data of 43 PD patients who underwent 3.0T MRI-compatible STN-DBS surgery from October 2022 to April 2023 at the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC(Anhui Provincial Hospital), including 27 males and 16 females, aged 43-68 (56±5) years. All patients underwent postoperative 3.0T MRI, CT scans,and impedance measurements 1 week postoperatively.Fifteen patients underwent 3.0T MRI and impedance measurements 1 month postoperatively. The differences in impedance of electrode contacts before and after the 3.0T MRI scans were compared. The occurrence of peri-lead cerebral edema (PLE) in patients was analyzed, as well as the differences in PLE detection rates between the two imaging methods, and the differences in the incidence and volume of PLE at different microelectrode recordings, the occurrence and detection of postoperative PLE, and different microelectrode recording (MER) times and different time nodes were compared. The correlation between electrode impedance and the volume of edema around the nucleus was analyzed. Results: All 43 patients successfully underwent surgery, with a total of 86 electrodes implanted. There was no significant difference in electrode impedance values before and after the 3.0T MRI examinations at 1 week and 1 month postoperatively. The PLE detection rate with 3.0T MRI was 95.12%(39/43), which is significantly higher than that of CT imaging 17.07% (7/43)(χ2=50.705, P<0.001). One week after surgery, the incidence and volume of PLE were higher in the multiple MER group compared with the single MER group, but the difference was not statistically significant. The volume of PLE [M(Q1, Q3) 0 (0, 1.211) cm3] at 1 month was significantly smaller than that at 1 week [0.243 (0, 2.914) cm3] (Z=-3.408, P=0.001). The impedance of electrode contacts within 1 month postoperatively showed a trend of initial decrease followed by an increase, which was negatively correlated with SE volume(r=-0.317, P=0.014). Conclusions: The application of 3.0T MRI-compatible DBS devices in the surgical treatment of PD patients improves the accuracy of early postoperative imaging assessment. The electrode impedance is more stable as the edema around the nucleus subsided at 1 month after surgery, which is suitable for the first program control.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Hefei 230001, China
| | - P Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Hefei 230001, China
| | - M L Jiang
- Department of Neuroelectrophysiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230036, China
| | - B W Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Hefei 230001, China
| | - C S Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Hefei 230001, China
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Chen P, Xiong C, Jiang ML, Zhuang HX, Mei JM, Niu CS. [Analysis of complications and learning curve effects related to deep brain stimulation surgery in 822 Parkinson's disesase patients with the same surgeon]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:3822-3827. [PMID: 38123223 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20231030-00945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the complications related to deep brain stimulation(DBS) surgery in Parkinson's disease(PD) patients and to determine whether there is a learning curve effect in terms of complications. Methods: Retrospective analysis of the DBS surgical data of 822 PD patients performed by the same surgeon at the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital) from December 2012 to December 2022. The complications related to DBS were evaluated and analyzed the complications of every 100 DBS surgery were further analyzed. Results: A total of 822 PD patients, 453 males and 369 females, aged 31-80 years old, were included. The minimum follow-up period after DBS surgery is 6 months. Surgical related complications occurred in 55 patients (6.69%), including 5 patients (0.61%) with slight bleeding around the electrode, 1 patient (0.12%) with cerebral infarction, 4 patients (0.49%) with postoperative epilepsy, 42 patients (5.11%) with postoperative delirium, 2 patients (0.24%) with respiratory distress, and 1 patient (0.12%) with acute cardiac insufficiency. There were 16 cases (1.94%) of hardware related complications in DBS, of which 4 cases (0.48%) had infection, 1 case (0.12%) had a broken angle at the connection between the pulse generator and the extension wire, 8 cases (0.97%) had an excessively tight extension wire, and 3 cases (0.36%) had an IPG bag hematoma. In the infected cases, 2 patients removed IPG and extension wires. There were 7 cases (0.85%) of stimulus related complications, including 4 cases (0.61%) with programmed sensory abnormalities, 1 case (0.12%) with postoperative abnormal movements and dance like movements, and 2 cases (0.24%) with psychiatric symptoms. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the above complications, among which 8 cases (0.97%) were relatively serious complications. After active treatment, satisfactory results were achieved, and none of them affected the patient's DBS treatment effect and no patients died. For every 100 cases of DBS surgery complications were analyzed, the percentage of complications decreased significantly from 14.50% (58 cases) in the first 400 cases to 4.73% (20 cases) in the last 400 cases (P<0.001). Conclusion: DBS surgery is safe and has an acceptable low incidence of complications. The incidence of complications also decreases with the accumulation of experience, showing a learning curve effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Hefei 230001, China
| | - C Xiong
- Department of Neuroelectrophysiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230036, China
| | - M L Jiang
- Department of Neuroelectrophysiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230036, China
| | - H X Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Hefei 230001, China
| | - J M Mei
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Hefei 230001, China
| | - C S Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Hefei 230001, China
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Vermunt L, Sutphen C, Dicks E, de Leeuw DM, Allegri R, Berman SB, Cash DM, Chhatwal JP, Cruchaga C, Day G, Ewers M, Farlow M, Fox NC, Ghetti B, Graff-Radford N, Hassenstab J, Jucker M, Karch CM, Kuhle J, Laske C, Levin J, Masters CL, McDade E, Mori H, Morris JC, Perrin RJ, Preische O, Schofield PR, Suárez-Calvet M, Xiong C, Scheltens P, Teunissen CE, Visser PJ, Bateman RJ, Benzinger TLS, Fagan AM, Gordon BA, Tijms BM. Axonal damage and astrocytosis are biological correlates of grey matter network integrity loss: a cohort study in autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease. medRxiv 2023:2023.03.21.23287468. [PMID: 37016671 PMCID: PMC10071836 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.21.23287468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Brain development and maturation leads to grey matter networks that can be measured using magnetic resonance imaging. Network integrity is an indicator of information processing capacity which declines in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer disease (AD). The biological mechanisms causing this loss of network integrity remain unknown. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein biomarkers are available for studying diverse pathological mechanisms in humans and can provide insight into decline. We investigated the relationships between 10 CSF proteins and network integrity in mutation carriers (N=219) and noncarriers (N=136) of the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network Observational study. Abnormalities in Aβ, Tau, synaptic (SNAP-25, neurogranin) and neuronal calcium-sensor protein (VILIP-1) preceded grey matter network disruptions by several years, while inflammation related (YKL-40) and axonal injury (NfL) abnormalities co-occurred and correlated with network integrity. This suggests that axonal loss and inflammation play a role in structural grey matter network changes. Key points Abnormal levels of fluid markers for neuronal damage and inflammatory processes in CSF are associated with grey matter network disruptions.The strongest association was with NfL, suggesting that axonal loss may contribute to disrupted network organization as observed in AD.Tracking biomarker trajectories over the disease course, changes in CSF biomarkers generally precede changes in brain networks by several years.
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Li QF, Song LJ, Yang YY, Dong PP, Mei CJ, Li YX, Zhang JF, Xiong C, Yu CX, Yang K. [Recombinant Schistosoma japonicum egg ribonuclease SjCP1412 inhibits the activation of LX-2 hepatic stellate cells in vitro]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2023; 34:566-579. [PMID: 36642896 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2022163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of recombinant Schistosoma japonicum egg ribonuclease SjCP1412 (rSjCP1412) on proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and activation of human hepatic stellate cells LX-2 in vitro, and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS The rSjCP1412 protein was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 by prokaryotic expression, and the highly purified soluble rSjCP1412 protein was prepared by Ni NTA affinity chromatography and urea gradient refolding dialysis. Yeast RNA was digested using 12.5, 25.0, 50.0 µg rSjCP1412 proteins at 37 °C for 2, 3, 4 h, and the enzymatic products were electrophoresed on 1.5% agarose gel to observe the RNAase activity of rSjCP1412 protein. The proliferation of LX-2 cells stimulated by different doses of rSjCP1412 protein for 48 hours was measured using CCK-8 assay, and the apoptosis of LX-2 cells stimulated by different doses of rSjCP1412 protein for 48 hours was detected using the Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining, while the percentage of LX-2 cells at G0/G1, S and G2/M phases of cell cycle following stimulation with different doses of rSjCP1412 protein for 48 h was detected by DAPI staining. The type I collagen, type III collagen and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) mRNA expression was quantified using quantitative florescent real-time PCR (qPCR) assay and Western blotting at transcriptional and translational levels in LX-2 cells following stimulation with different doses of rSjCP1412 protein for 48 h, while soluble egg antigen (SEA) served a positive control and PBS without rSjCP1412 protein as a normal control in the above experiments. The expression of collagen I, α-SMA and Smad4 protein was determined using Western blotting in LX-2 cells following stimulation with rSjCP1412 protein, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) alone or in combination, to examine the signaling for the effect of rSjCP1412 protein on LX-2 cells. RESULTS The rSjCP1412 protein was successfully expressed and the highly purified soluble rSjCP1412 protein was prepared, which had a RNase activity. Compared with the normal group, the survival rates of LX-2 cells significantly decreased post-treatment with 12.5, 25.0, 50.0 µg/mL rSjCP1412 protein and SEA for 48 h (F = 22.417 and 20.448, both P values < 0.05). The apoptotic rates of LX-2 cells significantly increased post-treatment with 12.5, 25.0, 50.0 µg/mL rSjCP1412 protein for 48 h (F = 11.350, P < 0.05), and treatment with 12.5, 25.0, 50.0 µg/mL rSjCP1412 protein for 48 h resulted in arrest of LX-2 cells in G0/G1 phase (F = 20.710, P < 0.05). Treatment with 12.5, 25.0, 50.0 µg/mL rSjCP1412 protein for 48 h caused a significant reduction in relative expression levels of collagen I (F = 11.340, P < 0.05), collagen III (F = 456.600, P < 0.05) and α-SMA mRNA (F = 23.100, P < 0.05) in LX-2 cells, and both rSjCP1412 protein and SEA treatment caused a significant reduction in collagen I (F = 1 302.000, P < 0.05), α-SMA (F = 49.750, P < 0.05) and Smad4 protein expression (F = 52.420, P < 0.05) in LX-2 cells. In addition, rSjCP1412 protein treatment inhibited collagen I (F = 66.290, P < 0.05), α-SMA (F = 31.300, P < 0.05) and Smad4 protein expression (F = 27.010, P < 0.05) in LX-2 cells activated by TGF-β1. CONCLUSIONS rSjCP1412 protein may induce apoptosis of LX-2 cells and inhibit proliferation, cell cycle and activation of LX-2 cells through down-regulating Smad4 signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q F Li
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.,Co-first authors
| | - L J Song
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China.,Co-first authors
| | - Y Y Yang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - P P Dong
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - C J Mei
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - Y X Li
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - J F Zhang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - C Xiong
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - C X Yu
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - K Yang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
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Piccirella S, Van Neste L, Fowler C, Masters CL, Fripp J, Doecke JD, Xiong C, Uberti D, Kinnon P. A Conformational Variant of p53 (U-p53AZ) as Blood-Based Biomarker for the Prediction of the Onset of Symptomatic Alzheimer's Disease. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2022; 9:469-479. [PMID: 35841248 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2022.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ongoing research seeks to identify blood-based biomarkers able to predict onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). OBJECTIVE The unfolded conformational variant of p53 (U-p53AZ), previously observed in AD individuals, was evaluated in plasma samples from individuals participating in the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) cohort for diagnostic and prognostic assessment, validated on a neuropsychological-based diagnosis, over the course of six years. DESIGN Retrospective Longitudinal Prognostic biomarker study. SETTING Single-center study based on the AIBL cohort. PARTICIPANTS 482 participants of the AIBL cohort, aged 60-85 years, without uncontrolled diabetes, vascular disease, severe depression or psychiatric illnesses. MEASUREMENTS The AlzoSure® Predict test, consisting of immunoprecipitation (IP) followed by liquid chromatography (LC) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), was performed to quantify the AZ 284® peptide as readout of U-p53AZ and compared with an independent neuropsychological diagnosis. The amyloid load via amyloid β-positron emission tomography (Aβ-PET) and supporting clinical information were included where possible. RESULTS U-p53AZ diagnostic and prognostic performance was assessed in both time-independent and time-dependent (36, 72 and 90 months following initial sampling) analyses. Prognostic performance of Aβ-PET and survival analyses with different risk factors (gender, Aβ-PET and APOE ε4 allele status) were also performed. U-p53AZ differentiated neuropsychologically graded AD from non-AD samples, and its detection at intermediate/high levels precisely identified present and future symptomatic AD. In both time-independent and time-dependent prognostic analyses U-p53AZ achieved area under the curve (AUC) >98%, significantly higher than Aβ-PET AUCs (between 84% and 93%, P respectively <0.0001 and <0.001). As single factor, U-p53AZ could clearly determine the risk of AD neuropsychological diagnosis over time (low versus intermediate/high U-p53AZ hazard ratio=2.99). Proportional hazards regression analysis identified U-p53AZ levels as a major independent predictor of AD onset. CONCLUSIONS These findings support use of U-p53AZ as blood-based biomarker predicting whether individuals would reach neuropsychologically-defined AD within six years prior to AD diagnosis. Integration of U-p53AZ in screening processes could support refined participant stratification for interventional studies.
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Fan Y, Wang J, Yu K, Zhang W, Cai Z, Sun M, Hu Y, Zhao X, Xiong C, Niu Q, Chen D, Guo R. Comparative Transcriptome Investigation of Nosema ceranae Infecting Eastern Honey Bee Workers. Insects 2022; 13:insects13030241. [PMID: 35323539 PMCID: PMC8952433 DOI: 10.3390/insects13030241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary At present, interaction between Nosema ceranae and Apis cerana is poorly understood, though A. cerana is the original host for N. ceranae. Here, comparative investigation was conducted using transcriptome data from N. ceranae infecting Apis cerana cerana workers at seven days post inoculation (dpi) and 10 dpi (NcT1 and NcT2 groups) as well as N. ceranae spores (NcCK group). There were 1411, 604, and 38 DEGs identified in NcCK vs. NcT1, NcCK vs. NcT2, and NcT1 vs. NcT2 comparison groups. Additionally, 10 upregulated genes and nine downregulated ones were shared by above-mentioned comparison groups. GO classification and KEGG pathway analysis suggested that these DEGs were engaged in a number of key functional terms and pathways such as cell part and glycolysis. Further analysis indicated that most of virulence factor-encoding genes were upregulated, while a few were downregulated during the fungal infection. Findings in this current work provide a basis for clarifying the molecular mechanism udnerlying N. ceranae infection and host-microsporidian interaction during bee nosemosis. Abstract Apis cerana is the original host for Nosema ceranae, a widespread fungal parasite resulting in honey bee nosemosis, which leads to severe losses to the apiculture industry throughout the world. However, knowledge of N. ceranae infecting eastern honey bees is extremely limited. Currently, the mechanism underlying N. ceranae infection is still largely unknown. Based on our previously gained high-quality transcriptome datasets derived from N. ceranae spores (NcCK group), N. ceranae infecting Apis cerana cerana workers at seven days post inoculation (dpi) and 10 dpi (NcT1 and NcT2 groups), comparative transcriptomic investigation was conducted in this work, with a focus on virulence factor-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Microscopic observation showed that the midguts of A. c. cerana workers were effectively infected after inoculation with clean spores of N. ceranae. In total, 1411, 604, and 38 DEGs were identified from NcCK vs. NcT1, NcCK vs. NcT2, and NcT1 vs. NcT2 comparison groups. Venn analysis showed that 10 upregulated genes and nine downregulated ones were shared by the aforementioned comparison groups. The GO category indicated that these DEGs were involved in a series of functional terms relevant to biological process, cellular component, and molecular function such as metabolic process, cell part, and catalytic activity. Additionally, KEGG pathway analysis suggested that the DEGs were engaged in an array of pathways of great importance such as metabolic pathway, glycolysis, and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Furthermore, expression clustering analysis demonstrated that the majority of genes encoding virulence factors such as ricin B lectins and polar tube proteins displayed apparent upregulation, whereas a few virulence factor-associated genes such as hexokinase gene and 6-phosphofructokinase gene presented downregulation during the fungal infection. Finally, the expression trend of 14 DEGs was confirmed by RT-qPCR, validating the reliability of our transcriptome datasets. These results together demonstrated that an overall alteration of the transcriptome of N. ceranae occurred during the infection of A. c. cerana workers, and most of the virulence factor-related genes were induced to activation to promote the fungal invasion. Our findings not only lay a foundation for clarifying the molecular mechanism underlying N. ceranae infection of eastern honey bee workers and microsporidian–host interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchan Fan
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (K.Y.); (W.Z.); (Z.C.); (M.S.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.); (C.X.)
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (K.Y.); (W.Z.); (Z.C.); (M.S.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.); (C.X.)
| | - Kejun Yu
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (K.Y.); (W.Z.); (Z.C.); (M.S.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.); (C.X.)
| | - Wende Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (K.Y.); (W.Z.); (Z.C.); (M.S.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.); (C.X.)
| | - Zongbing Cai
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (K.Y.); (W.Z.); (Z.C.); (M.S.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.); (C.X.)
| | - Minghui Sun
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (K.Y.); (W.Z.); (Z.C.); (M.S.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.); (C.X.)
| | - Ying Hu
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (K.Y.); (W.Z.); (Z.C.); (M.S.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.); (C.X.)
| | - Xiao Zhao
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (K.Y.); (W.Z.); (Z.C.); (M.S.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.); (C.X.)
| | - Cuiling Xiong
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (K.Y.); (W.Z.); (Z.C.); (M.S.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.); (C.X.)
| | - Qingsheng Niu
- Jilin Province Institute of Apicultural Science, Jilin 132000, China;
| | - Dafu Chen
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (K.Y.); (W.Z.); (Z.C.); (M.S.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.); (C.X.)
- Apitherapy Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (R.G.); Tel./Fax: +86-0591-87640197 (R.G.)
| | - Rui Guo
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Y.F.); (J.W.); (K.Y.); (W.Z.); (Z.C.); (M.S.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.); (C.X.)
- Apitherapy Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (R.G.); Tel./Fax: +86-0591-87640197 (R.G.)
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Wen Y, Xiang G, Xiong C, Yang Y, Zhang J. Isolated left subclavian artery with right aortic arch and bilateral ductus arteriosus: a challenging fetal diagnosis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 57:500-501. [PMID: 32250490 DOI: 10.1002/uog.22039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Wen
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - G Xiang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - C Xiong
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Women and Children's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Chen D, Du Y, Fan X, Zhu Z, Jiang H, Wang J, Fan Y, Chen H, Zhou D, Xiong C, Zheng Y, Xu X, Luo Q, Guo R. Reconstruction and functional annotation of Ascosphaera apis full-length transcriptome utilizing PacBio long reads combined with Illumina short reads. J Invertebr Pathol 2020; 176:107475. [PMID: 32976816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2020.107475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Ascosphaera apis is a widespread fungal pathogen of honeybee larvae that results in chalkbrood disease, leading to heavy losses for the beekeeping industry in China and many other countries. This work was aimed at generating a full-length transcriptome of A. apis using PacBio single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing. Here, more than 23.97 Gb of clean reads was generated from long-read sequencing of A. apis mycelia, including 464,043 circular consensus sequences (CCS) and 394,142 full-length non-chimeric (FLNC) reads. In total, we identified 174,095 high-confidence transcripts covering 5141 known genes with an average length of 2728 bp. We also discovered 2405 genic loci and 11,623 isoforms that have not been annotated yet within the current reference genome. Additionally, 16,049, 10,682, 4520 and 7253 of the discovered transcripts have annotations in the Non-redundant protein (Nr), Clusters of Eukaryotic Orthologous Groups (KOG), Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. Moreover, 1205 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were identified, which have less exons, shorter exon and intron lengths, shorter transcript lengths, lower GC percent, lower expression levels, and fewer alternative splicing (AS) evens, compared with protein-coding transcripts. A total of 253 members from 17 transcription factor (TF) families were identified from our transcript datasets. Finally, the expression of A. apis isoforms was validated using a molecular approach. Overall, this is the first report of a full-length transcriptome of entomogenous fungi including A. apis. Our data offer a comprehensive set of reference transcripts and hence contributes to improving the genome annotation and transcriptomic study of A. apis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafu Chen
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yu Du
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoxue Fan
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhu
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Haibin Jiang
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuanchan Fan
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Huazhi Chen
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Dingding Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Cuiling Xiong
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yanzhen Zheng
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xijian Xu
- Jiangxi Province Institute of Apiculture, 330201 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qun Luo
- Jiangxi Province Institute of Apiculture, 330201 Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Rui Guo
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Engineering Research Center of Processing and Application of Bee Products of Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian Province, China.
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10
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Chen H, Du Y, Zhu Z, Xiong C, Zheng Y, Chen D, Guo R. Transcriptome data of control and Ascosphaera apis infected Apis mellifera ligustica larval guts. Data Brief 2020; 29:105264. [PMID: 32099884 PMCID: PMC7029161 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascosphaera apis is an obligate fungal pathogen of honeybee larvae that leads to chalkbrood, which causes heavy losses for the apiculture in China and many other countries. In this article, guts of 4-, 5-, 6-day-old Apis mellifera ligustica larvae challenged by A. apis (AmT1, AmT2, AmT3) and normal 4-day-old larval guts (AmCK) were sequenced using next-generation sequencing technology. On average, 29,196,197, 28,690,943, 29,779,715 and 30,496,725 raw reads were yielded from these four groups; an average of 29,540,895 clean reads were obtained after quality control. In addition, the mapping ratio of clean reads in treatment and control groups to the Apis mellifera genome were over 97.16%. For more insight please see “Uncovering the immune responses of Apis mellifera ligustica larval gut to Ascosphaera apis infection utilizing transcriptome sequencing” [1]. The raw data were submitted to the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database under accession numbers: SRR4084091, SRR4084092, SRR4084095, SRR4084096, SRR4084097, SRR4084098, SRR4084099, SRR4084100, SRR4084101, SRR4084102, SRR4084093, SRR4084094.
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11
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Chen D, Chen H, Du Y, Zhu Z, Wang J, Geng S, Xiong C, Zheng Y, Hou C, Diao Q, Guo R. Systematic identification of circular RNAs and corresponding regulatory networks unveil their potential roles in the midguts of eastern honeybee workers. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 104:257-276. [PMID: 31754765 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10159-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Currently, knowledge of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in insects including honeybee is extremely limited. Here, differential expression profiles and regulatory networks of circRNAs in the midguts of Apis cerana cerana workers were comprehensively investigated using transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics. In total, 9589 circRNAs (201-800 nt in length) were identified from 8-day-old and 11-day-old workers' midguts (Ac1 and Ac2); among them, 5916 (61.70%) A. cerana cerana circRNAs showed conservation with our previously indentified circRNAs in Apis mellifera ligucstica workers' midguts (Xiong et al., Acta Entomologica Sinica 61:1363-1375, 2018). Five circRNAs were confirmed by RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. Interestingly, novel_circ_003723, novel_circ_002714, novel_circ_002451, and novel_circ_001980 were highly expressed in both Ac1 and Ac2. In addition, the source genes of circRNAs were involved in 34 GO terms including organelle and cellular process and 141 pathways such as endocytosis and Wnt signaling pathway. Moreover, 55 DEcircRNAs including 34 upregulated and 21 downregulated circRNAs were identified in Ac2 compared with Ac1. circRNA-miRNA regulatory networks indicated that 1060 circRNAs can target 74 miRNAs; additionally, the DEcircRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks suggested that 13 downregulated circRNAs can bind to eight miRNAs and 29 miRNA-targeted mRNAs, while 16 upregulated circRNAs can link to 9 miRNAs and 29 miRNA-targeted mRNAs. These results indicated that DEcircRNAs as ceRNAs may play a comprehensive role in the growth, development, and metabolism of the worker's midgut via regulating source genes and interacting with miRNAs. Notably, eight DEcircRNAs targeting miR-6001-y were likely to be key participants in the midgut development. Our findings not only offer a valuable resource for further studies on A. cerana cerana circRNA and novel insights into understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the midgut development of eastern honeybee but also provide putative circRNA candidates for functional research in the near future and novel biomarkers for identification of eastern honeybee species including A. cerana cerana and honeybee diseases such as chalkbrood and microsporidiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafu Chen
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Huazhi Chen
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yu Du
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhu
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Sihai Geng
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Cuiling Xiong
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yanzhen Zheng
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chunsheng Hou
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Qingyun Diao
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Rui Guo
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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12
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Silbernagel KM, Jechorek RP, Carver CN, Horter BL, Lindberg KG, Aleo V, Anderson G, Bannach B, Bulthaus M, Cha K, Dixon K, Hemming B, Horter B, Iannucci; M, Johnson A, Johnson K, Kaufer A, Kemp S, King J, Kupski B, Kusch S, Luebbert B, Lyke H, Makepeace; C, Otten N, Schomogy T, Strand S, Xiong C. 3M™ Petrifilm™ Staph Express Count Plate Method for the Enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus in Selected Dairy Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/86.5.963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The 3M™ Petrifilm™ Staph Express Count plate method was compared with AOAC Official Method 975.55 for the enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus in selected foods. Five foods—ice cream, raw milk, yogurt, whey powder, and cheese—were analyzed for S. aureus by 12 collaborating laboratories. For each food tested, the collaborators received 8 blind test samples consisting of a control sample, a low inoculation level, a medium inoculation level, and a medium inoculation level with background flora, each in duplicate. The mean log10 counts for the methods were comparable for all 5 foods. The repeatability and reproducibility variances of the 24 h Petrifilm Staph Express Count plate method were similar to those of the 72 h standard method.
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13
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Xiong C. The impact of newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus on cancer-free survival in patients without colorectal polyps: A secondary analysis of Korean multicenter cancer cohort. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz421.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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14
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Du Y, Zhou D, Chen H, Xiong C, Zheng Y, Chen D, Guo R. MicroRNA dataset of normal and Nosema ceranae-infected midguts of Apis cerana cerana workers. Data Brief 2019; 26:104518. [PMID: 31667281 PMCID: PMC6811963 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Nosema ceranae is a widespread fungal pathogen of honeybees, which is infective to all castes in the colony, including queens, drones and workers. Nosemosis caused by N. ceranae poses a big challenge for apiculture all over the world. Here, midguts of normal and N. ceranae-infected Apis cerana cerana workers at 7 and 10 days post infection were sequenced utilizing small RNA sequencing (sRNA-seq) technology. Totally, more than 150.54 Mb raw reads were produced in this article, and over 144.26 Mb high-quality clean reads with a mean ratio of 95.83% were obtained after strict filtering and quality control. For more insight please see “Comparative identification of microRNAs in Apis cerana cerana workers' midguts responding to Nosema ceranae invasion” (Chen et al., 2019). Raw data are available in NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database under the BioProject number PRJNA487111. Our data can be used for investigating differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) and piRNAs and their regulatory roles engaged in A. c. cerana response to N. ceranae infection, and for offering potential candidates for uncovering the molecular mechanisms regulating eastern honeybee-microsporidian interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Du
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Dingding Zhou
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Huazhi Chen
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Cuiling Xiong
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yanzhen Zheng
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Dafu Chen
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Rui Guo
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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15
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Liu B, Wu W, Liu Z, Wang H, He J, Xiong C. P4363The predictive capacity of two- and three-dimensional echocardiography detected right ventricular strain in disease severity of pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients have poor prognosis due to progressive right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. As a low-cost and non-invasive tool, echocardiography is by far the most widely used technique to investigate the RV structure and function in PH patients. Recent studies showed that RV longitudinal strain (RVLS) measured by two- or three-dimensional echocardiography (2DE, 3DE) was correlated with RV function parameters and have the potential to predict the prognosis of PH patients. However, few studies have compared the value of 2DE- and 3DE- RVLS to predict disease severity of pre-capillary PH patients. Therefore, our study aims to compare the capacity of RVLS assessed by 3DE and 2DE in predicting disease severity of pre-capillary PH patients.
Methods
We consecutively enrolled 57 patients (18 males and 39 females, 35±13 years) with pre-capillary PH diagnosed by right heart catheterization in our center. Standard transthoracic echocardiography was performed in all participants. 2DE- RVLS were obtained from speckle-tracking analyses using GE EchoPAC version 201; while 3DE- RVLS were analyzed by TomTec 4D RV-Function 2.0. On the basis of the risk assessment strategy of 2015 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension, all the participants were classified into low risk or intermediate-high risk groups. Linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the correlations between RVLS and peak oxygen consumption (PVO2). In addition, receive operating characteristic curves (ROC) were used to compare the predictive values of 2DE- and 3DE-RVLS and identify the optimal cut points for the detection of low risk based on the risk assessment strategy of 2015 ESC Guidelines.
Results
Linear regression analyses showed a significant correlation between PVO2 and 2DE- RVLS (r=−0.484, P<0.001), while a relatively weaker correlation was observed between PVO2 and 3DE- RVLS (r=−0.299, P=0.024). ROC curve showed 2DE-RVEF had a better capacity to classify pre-capillary PH patients into low or intermediate-high risk groups (2DE- vs 3DE-: AUC=0.78, P=0.003 vs AUC=0.69, P=0.044). Optimal cut-offs found 2DE-RVEF <−13.85% had a 73.3% sensibility and 75.0% specificity to predict low risk.
Conclusions
Both two- and three-dimensional echocardiography detected RVLS had the potential to evaluate disease severity of pre-capillary PH patients, but the former may have a better predictive capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Liu
- Fuwai Hospital- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - W Wu
- Fuwai Hospital- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Z Liu
- Fuwai Hospital- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - H Wang
- Fuwai Hospital- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - J He
- Fuwai Hospital- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - C Xiong
- Fuwai Hospital- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Chen H, Du Y, Xiong C, Zheng Y, Chen D, Guo R. A comprehensive transcriptome data of normal and Nosema ceranae-stressed midguts of Apis mellifera ligustica workers. Data Brief 2019; 26:104349. [PMID: 31516938 PMCID: PMC6727036 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Honeybees are pivotal pollinators of crops and wild flora, and of great importance in supporting critical ecosystem balance. Nosema ceranae, a unicellular fungal parasite that infects midgut epithelial cells of honeybees, can dramatically reduce honeybee population and productivity. Here, midguts of Apis mellifera ligustica workers at 7 d and 10 d post inoculation (dpi) with sucrose solution (Ac7CK and Ac10CK) and midguts at 7 dpi and 10 dpi with sucrose solution containing N. ceranae spores (Ac7T and Ac10T) were sequenced using strand-specific cDNA library construction and next-generation sequencing. A total of 1956129858 raw reads were gained in this article, and after quality control, 1946489304 high-quality clean reads with a mean Q30 of 93.82% were obtained. The rRNA-removed clean reads were then aligned to the reference genome of Apis mellifera with TopHat2. For more insight please see “Genome-wide identification of long non-coding RNAs and their regulatory networks involved in Apis mellifera ligustica response to Nosema ceranae infection” [1]. Raw data were deposited in NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database under the BioProject number PRJNA406998. These data can be used for comparative analysis to identify differentially expressed coding RNAs and non-coding RNAs involved in A. m. ligustica responses to N. ceranae stress, and for investigation of molecular mechanisms regulating host N. ceranae -response.
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Chen D, Du Y, Chen H, Fan Y, Fan X, Zhu Z, Wang J, Xiong C, Zheng Y, Hou C, Diao Q, Guo R. Comparative Identification of MicroRNAs in Apis cerana cerana Workers' Midguts in Responseto Nosema ceranae Invasion. Insects 2019; 10:E258. [PMID: 31438582 PMCID: PMC6780218 DOI: 10.3390/insects10090258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Here, the expression profiles and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) in the midguts of Apis cerana cerana workers at 7 d and 10 d post-inoculation (dpi) with N. ceranae were investigated via small RNA sequencing and bioinformatics. Five hundred and twenty nine (529) known miRNAs and 25 novel miRNAs were identified in this study, and the expression of 16 predicted miRNAs was confirmed by Stem-loop RT-PCR. A total of 14 DEmiRNAs were detected in the midgut at 7 dpi, including eight up-regulated and six down-regulated miRNAs, while 12 DEmiRNAs were observed in the midgut at 10 dpi, including nine up-regulated and three down-regulated ones. Additionally, five DEmiRNAs were shared, while nine and seven DEmiRNAs were specifically expressed in midguts at 7 dpi and 10 dpi. Gene ontology analysis suggested some DEmiRNAs and corresponding target mRNAs were involved in various functions including immune system processes and response to stimulus. KEGG pathway analysis shed light on the potential functions of some DEmiRNAs in regulating target mRNAs engaged in material and energy metabolisms, cellular immunity and the humoral immune system. Further investigation demonstrated a complex regulation network between DEmiRNAs and their target mRNAs, with miR-598-y, miR-252-y, miR-92-x and miR-3654-y at the center. Our results can facilitate future exploration of the regulatory roles of miRNAs in host responses to N. ceranae, and provide potential candidates for further investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying eastern honeybee-microsporidian interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafu Chen
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yu Du
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Huazhi Chen
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuanchan Fan
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaoxue Fan
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhu
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Cuiling Xiong
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yanzhen Zheng
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chunsheng Hou
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Qingyun Diao
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Rui Guo
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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Chen D, Chen H, Du Y, Zhou D, Geng S, Wang H, Wan J, Xiong C, Zheng Y, Guo R. Genome-Wide Identification of Long Non-Coding RNAs and Their Regulatory Networks Involved in Apis mellifera ligustica Response to Nosema ceranae Infection. Insects 2019; 10:insects10080245. [PMID: 31405016 PMCID: PMC6723323 DOI: 10.3390/insects10080245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a diverse class of transcripts that structurally resemble mRNAs but do not encode proteins, and lncRNAs have been proven to play pivotal roles in a wide range of biological processes in animals and plants. However, knowledge of expression patterns and potential roles of honeybee lncRNA response to Nosema ceranae infection is completely unknown. Here, we performed whole transcriptome strand-specific RNA sequencing of normal midguts of Apis mellifera ligustica workers (Am7CK, Am10CK) and N. ceranae-inoculated midguts (Am7T, Am10T), followed by comprehensive analyses using bioinformatic and molecular approaches. A total of 6353 A. m. ligustica lncRNAs were identified, including 4749 conserved lncRNAs and 1604 novel lncRNAs. These lncRNAs had minimal sequence similarities with other known lncRNAs in other species; however, their structural features were similar to counterparts in mammals and plants, including shorter exon and intron length, lower exon number, and lower expression level, compared with protein-coding transcripts. Further, 111 and 146 N. ceranae-responsive lncRNAs were identified from midguts at 7-days post-inoculation (dpi) and 10 dpi compared with control midguts. Twelve differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) were shared by Am7CK vs. Am7T and Am10CK vs. Am10T comparison groups, while the numbers of unique DElncRNAs were 99 and 134, respectively. Functional annotation and pathway analysis showed that the DElncRNAs may regulate the expression of neighboring genes by acting in cis and trans fashion. Moreover, we discovered 27 lncRNAs harboring eight known miRNA precursors and 513 lncRNAs harboring 2257 novel miRNA precursors. Additionally, hundreds of DElncRNAs and their target miRNAs were found to form complex competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks, suggesting that these DElncRNAs may act as miRNA sponges. Furthermore, DElncRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks were constructed and investigated, the results demonstrated that a portion of the DElncRNAs were likely to participate in regulating the host material and energy metabolism as well as cellular and humoral immune host responses to N. ceranae invasion. Our findings revealed here offer not only a rich genetic resource for further investigation of the functional roles of lncRNAs involved in the A. m. ligustica response to N. ceranae infection, but also a novel insight into understanding the host-pathogen interaction during honeybee microsporidiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafu Chen
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Huazhi Chen
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yu Du
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Dingding Zhou
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Sihai Geng
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Haipeng Wang
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jieqi Wan
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Cuiling Xiong
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yanzhen Zheng
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Rui Guo
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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Guo R, Chen D, Diao Q, Xiong C, Zheng Y, Hou C. Transcriptomic investigation of immune responses of the Apis cerana cerana larval gut infected by Ascosphaera apis. J Invertebr Pathol 2019; 166:107210. [PMID: 31211962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2019.107210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chalkbrood is the most common fungal disease in honeybees. The objective of this study was to reveal immune responses in the Apis cerana cerana larval gut following Ascosphaera apis invasion. Combining a previously assembled transcriptome of A. c. cerana larval gut and the high-throughput sequencing data obtained in this study, 6152 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were clustered into eight profiles. Trend analysis showed three significant up-regulated profiles (p ≤ 0.05) and three down-regulated profiles. Gene Ontology (GO) term analysis suggested that DEGs within significant up-regulated and down-regulated clusters were enriched in 46 and 38 functional groups, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis indicated a majority of DEGs were involved in ribosome structure or function, carbon metabolism, biosynthesis of amino acids, and oxidative phosphorylation. In addition, 142 and 14 DEGs were annotated in the cellular immune- and humoral immune-related pathways, respectively. Further investigation indicated that DEGs up-regulated in cellular immune and humoral immune pathways outnumbered those that were down-regulated. Moreover, immune responses of A. c. cerana and Apis mellifera ligustica larvae were compared and studied to decipher resistance of eastern honeybee larvae to A. apis. These results demonstrated that a large number of genes involved in immunity-related pathways were activated by A. apis. Our findings provided valuable information for elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying immune responses of A. c. cerana larvae to A. apis infection and pathogen-host interactions during chalkbrood infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Dafu Chen
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qingyun Diao
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Cuiling Xiong
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yanzhen Zheng
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chunsheng Hou
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
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20
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Xiao W, Gong C, Liu X, Liu Y, Peng S, Luo D, Wang R, Li T, Zhao J, Xiong C, Liang S, Xu H. Association of P2X7R gene with serum lipid profiles in Chinese postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Climacteric 2019; 22:498-506. [DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2019.1604654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Jiangxi Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - C. Gong
- Department of Science and Education, Chest Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - X. Liu
- Clinical Medical College, JiangXi Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Y. Liu
- Department of Physiology, JiangXi Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - S. Peng
- Basic Medical College, JiangXi Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - D. Luo
- Basic Medical College, JiangXi Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - R. Wang
- Department of Physiology, JiangXi Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - T. Li
- Clinical Medical College, JiangXi Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - J. Zhao
- Clinical Medical College, JiangXi Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - C. Xiong
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - S. Liang
- Department of Physiology, JiangXi Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - H. Xu
- Department of Physiology, JiangXi Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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21
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Xiong C, Zhao T, Ren Y, Jiang H, Zhou X. Mathematical modeling of the charging process of Li-S batteries by incorporating the size-dependent Li2S dissolution. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.11.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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22
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Chen S, Meng Y, Shen Y, Ning X, Xiong C, Lin Z, Zheng Q, Zheng Z, Yin P, Huang H, Yao M. Chemotherapy May Not be Necessary in Stage II Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Treated with Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.06.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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23
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Guo R, Chen D, Chen H, Xiong C, Zheng Y, Hou C, Du Y, Geng S, Wang H, Dingding Z, Yilong G. Genome-Wide Identification of Circular RNAs in Fungal Parasite Nosema ceranae. Curr Microbiol 2018; 75:1655-1660. [PMID: 30269253 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-018-1576-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are newly discovered endogenous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that play key roles in microRNA function and transcriptional regulation. Though a large number of circRNAs had been identified in animals and plants, however, little is known regarding circRNAs in Nosema ceranae, a widespread fungal parasite of honeybee. In this study, using deep sequencing technology and bioinformatic analysis, we predicted 204 circRNAs from N. ceranae spore samples, including 174 exonic circRNAs and 30 intergenic circRNAs. In addition, the expression of seven N. ceranae circRNAs was confirmed by RT-PCR assay. Furthermore, regulation networks of circRNAs were constructed, and 15 circRNAs were found to act as sponges of the corresponding three miRNAs. GO categorization and pathway enrichment analysis suggested that the circRNAs are likely to play significant roles in N. ceranae spore. This is the first report of circRNAs generated by a microsporidia species. Our results provide novel insights into understanding the basic biology of N. ceranae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Dafu Chen
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Huazhi Chen
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Cuiling Xiong
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yanzhen Zheng
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chunsheng Hou
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Yu Du
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Sihai Geng
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Haipeng Wang
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhou Dingding
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Guo Yilong
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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Guo R, Chen D, Xiong C, Hou C, Zheng Y, Fu Z, Diao Q, Zhang L, Wang H, Hou Z, Li W, Kumar D, Liang Q. Identification of long non-coding RNAs in the chalkbrood disease pathogen Ascospheara apis. J Invertebr Pathol 2018; 156:1-5. [PMID: 29894727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Ascospheara apis is a widespread fungal pathogen that exclusively invades honeybee larvae. Thus far, non-coding RNA in A. apis has not yet been documented. In this study, we sequenced A. apis using strand specific cDNA library construction and Illumina RNA sequencing methods, and identified 379 lncRNAs, including antisense lncRNAs, lincRNAs, intronic lncRNAs and sense lncRNAs. Additionally, these lncRNAs were found to be shorter in length and have fewer exons and transcript isoforms than protein-coding genes, similar to those identified in mammals and plants. Furthermore, the existence of 15 predicted lncRNAs of A. apis was confirmed using RT-PCR and expression levels of 11 were lower than those of adjacent protein-coding genes. Our findings not only enlarge the lncRNA database for fungi, but also lay a foundation for further investigation of potential lncRNA-mediated regulation of genes in A. apis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Dafu Chen
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Cuiling Xiong
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chunsheng Hou
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yanzhen Zheng
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhongmin Fu
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qingyun Diao
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hongquan Wang
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhixian Hou
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wendong Li
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qin Liang
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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25
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Luo J, Weng H, Morris JC, Xiong C. Minimizing the Sample Sizes of Clinical Trials on Preclinical and Early Symptomatic Stage of Alzheimer Disease. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2018; 5:110-119. [PMID: 29616704 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2018.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical trials of investigational drugs for Alzheimer disease (AD) increasingly focus on the prodromal (symptomatic) stage of the illness and now its preclinical (asymptomatic) stage. Sensitive and specific cognitive and functional endpoints are needed to track subtle cognitive and functional changes in the early and preclinical stages to minimize sample sizes in these trials. OBJECTIVES To identify informative items in a standard clinical assessment protocol and a psychometric battery that are predictive of onset of dementia symptom. DESIGN Longitudinal retrospective study. SETTING Washington University (WU) Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (ADRC). PARTICIPANTS A total of 735 individuals at least 65 years old and cognitively normal at baseline from a longitudinal clinical cohort at the WU Knight ADRC. MEASUREMENTS The annual clinical assessment included a wide spectrum of functional and cognitive domains; a comprehensive psychometric battery was completed about 2 weeks after the clinical evaluation. Psychometricians are blinded to the results of the clinical evaluation and to the prior performance of the participants on the psychometric tests. RESULTS The mean age at baseline of the 735 participants was 74.30 and 62.31% were female. 240 individuals developed prodromal dementia symptoms (consistent with mild cognitive impairment due to AD and with very mild AD dementia) during longitudinal follow-up (mean follow-up=6.79 years). Among a total of 562 items in the clinical and cognitive assessments under analysis, 292 (52%) were identified as informative because their longitudinal changes were predictive of symptomatic onset. When these items were used to form the functional and cognitive composites, the longitudinal rates of changes were free of a learning effect and captured subtle longitudinal progression prior to symptomatic onset. The rates of change were much greater right after the symptomatic onset than those from the functional and cognitive composites formed using non-informative items. Although the sample sizes for prevention trials (prior to symptomatic onset) using the informative items still yield large numbers, the sample sizes for early treatment trial (after symptomatic onset) was much smaller than those derived from all the items or from the non-informative items alone. CONCLUSIONS The antecedent longitudinal changes in nearly half of the items in a clinical assessment protocol and a comprehensive cognitive battery did not show statistically significant ability to predict the dementia symptom onset, and hence may be non-informative to track the preclinical functional and cognitive progression of AD. The remaining items, on the other hand, captured some of the preclinical changes prior to the symptom onset, but performed much better right after the symptom onset. Currently ongoing prevention trials on preclinical AD of elderly individuals may need to re-assess the sample sizes and statistical power.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Luo
- Chengjie Xiong, Division of Biostatistics, Campus Box 8067, 4523 Clayton Ave., St. Louis, MO, 63110-1093, Phone: 314-362-3635; Fax: 314-362-2693,
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26
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Xiong C, Zhang X. [Progress of clinical correlation research on migraine and glaucoma]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2018. [PMID: 29518882 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Migraine is a common primary headache disorder. The estimated annual prevalence rate of migraine in China is 9.3%. Migraine is typically involved with a series of ocular symptoms including glaucoma, visual performance tests relevant to glaucoma exhibited correlation between glaucoma and migraine. Even though migraine patients exhibit no glaucoma-related signs during intermissions of migraine attacks, the results of visual function tests (visual field, electrophysiology, ocular imaging) relevant to glaucoma still indicate abnormalities. It is fairly typical that most of the patients may neglect their ocular problems when migraine breaks out. Epidemiological data suggests an increasing prevalence of migraine patients with glaucoma, particularly normal tension glaucoma. This paper reviews and discusses the effect of migraine on the clinical assessment and diagnosis of glaucoma. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2018, 54: 224-228).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Xiong
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, Nanchang 330006, China
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27
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Zhang X, Lee YH, Bell BA, Leong PHW, Rudolph T, Eggleton BJ, Xiong C. Indistinguishable heralded single photon generation via relative temporal multiplexing of two sources. Opt Express 2017; 25:26067-26075. [PMID: 29041268 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.026067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Generating N single photons simultaneously is a formidable challenge due to the lack of deterministic single photon sources. Recent work [New J. Phys. 19, 063013 (2017] has proposed a relative multiplexing scheme that can enhance the N single photons probability with a minimum of active switching resources. We experimentally demonstrate relative temporal multiplexing on two photon sources with a 90% additional enhancement over the standard temporal multiplexing scheme demonstrated previously. 88 ± 11% visibility of Hong-Ou-Mandel quantum interference verifies the indistinguishability of the heralded single photons after the synchronization. This proof-of-principle demonstration points out the potential significance of the relative multiplexing scheme for large-scale photonic quantum information processing.
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28
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Gill DM, Xiong C, Rosenberg JC, Pepeljugoski P, Orcutt JS, Green WMJ. Modulator figure of merit for short reach data links. Opt Express 2017; 25:24326-24339. [PMID: 29041377 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.024326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The traditional Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) figure of merit (FOM) has been defined as (Vπ2)/υ3dBe, and works effectively for LiNbO3 long haul modulators. However, for plasma dispersion based electro-optic modulators, or any modulator that has an inherent relationship between its bandwidth, required drive voltage, and optical insertion loss/gain, this FOM is inappropriate. This is particularly true for short reach links with no optical amplification. In the following, we propose a new modulator FOM (M-FOM) based on device metrics that are essential for short-reach links, such as the peak-to-peak drive voltage, modulator rise-fall time, and relative optical modulation amplitude. Link sensitivity measurements from two MZMs that have different bandwidths and optical losses are compared using our M-FOM to demonstrate its utility. Furthermore, we present a novel application protocol of our M-FOM to provide deeper insight into the relative system impact that modulator performance has on data links with no optical amplification, by taking the ratio of M-FOMs from two modulators driven with the same radio frequency drive power.
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29
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Chen D, Guo R, Xu X, Xiong C, Liang Q, Zheng Y, Luo Q, Zhang Z, Huang Z, Kumar D, Xi W, Zou X, Liu M. Uncovering the immune responses of Apis mellifera ligustica larval gut to Ascosphaera apis infection utilizing transcriptome sequencing. Gene 2017; 621:40-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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30
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Gill DM, Green WMJ, Xiong C, Rylyakov A, Schow C, Proesel J, Rosenberg JC, Barwicz T, Khater M, Assefa S, Shank SM, Reinholm C, Kiewra E, Kamlapurkar S, Vlasov YA. Distributed electrode Mach-Zehnder modulator with double-pass phase shifters and integrated inductors. Opt Express 2015; 23:16857-16865. [PMID: 26191697 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.016857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel high-speed Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) fully integrated into a 90 nm CMOS process is presented. The MZM features 'double-pass' optical phase shifter segments, and the first use of integrated inductors in a 'velocity-matched' distributed-electrode configuration.
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31
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Zhang X, Jizan I, He J, Clark AS, Choi DY, Chae CJ, Eggleton BJ, Xiong C. Enhancing the heralded single-photon rate from a silicon nanowire by time and wavelength division multiplexing pump pulses. Opt Lett 2015; 40:2489-2492. [PMID: 26030539 DOI: 10.1364/ol.40.002489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Heralded single photons produced on a silicon chip represent an integrated photon source solution for scalable photonic quantum technologies. The key limitation of such sources is their non-deterministic nature introduced by the stochastic spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) process. Active spatial and temporal multiplexing can improve this by enhancing the single-photon rate without degrading the quantum signal-to-noise ratio. Here, taking advantage of the broad bandwidth of SFWM in a silicon nanowire, we experimentally demonstrate heralded single-photon generation from a silicon nanowire pumped by time and wavelength division multiplexed pulses. We show a 90±5% enhancement on the heralded photon rate at the cost of only 14±2% reduction to the signal-to-noise ratio, close to the performance found using only time division multiplexed pulses. As single-photon events are distributed to multiple wavelength channels, this new scheme overcomes the saturation limit of avalanche single-photon detectors and will improve the ultimate performance of such photon sources.
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32
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Cai Y, Liu T, Fang F, Shen S, Xiong C. Involvement of ICAM-1 in impaired spermatogenesis after busulfan treatment in mice. Andrologia 2015; 48:37-44. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Cai
- Family Planning Research Institute; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - T. Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery; Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - F. Fang
- Family Planning Research Institute; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - S. Shen
- Zhong Shen Bioscience Inc.; Wuhan China
| | - C. Xiong
- Family Planning Research Institute; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
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Abner EL, Schmitt FA, Nelson PT, Lou W, Wan L, Gauriglia R, Dodge HH, Woltjer RL, Yu L, Bennett DA, Schneider JA, Chen R, Masaki K, Katz MJ, Lipton RB, Dickson DW, Lim KO, Hemmy LS, Cairns NJ, Grant E, Tyas SL, Xiong C, Fardo DW, Kryscio RJ. The Statistical Modeling of Aging and Risk of Transition Project: Data Collection and Harmonization Across 11 Longitudinal Cohort Studies of Aging, Cognition, and Dementia. Obs Stud 2015; 1:56-73. [PMID: 25984574 PMCID: PMC4431579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal cognitive trajectories and other factors associated with mixed neuropathologies (such as Alzheimer's disease with co-occurring cerebrovascular disease) remain incompletely understood, despite being the rule and not the exception in older populations. The Statistical Modeling of Aging and Risk of Transition study (SMART) is a consortium of 11 different high-quality longitudinal studies of aging and cognition (N=11,541 participants) established for the purpose of characterizing risk and protective factors associated with subtypes of age-associated mixed neuropathologies (N=3,001 autopsies). While brain donation was not required for participation in all SMART cohorts, most achieved substantial autopsy rates (i.e., > 50%). Moreover, the studies comprising SMART have large numbers of participants who were followed from intact cognition and transitioned to cognitive impairment and dementia, as well as participants who remained cognitively intact until death. These data provide an exciting opportunity to apply sophisticated statistical methods, like Markov processes, that require large, well-characterized samples. Thus, SMART will serve as an important resource for the field of mixed dementia epidemiology and neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Abner
- Snders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky
| | - F A Schmitt
- Oregon Center for Aging & Technology, Oregon Health & Science University
| | - P T Nelson
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center
| | | | - L Wan
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
| | - R Gauriglia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville
| | - H H Dodge
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota
| | - R L Woltjer
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University
| | - L Yu
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo
| | - D A Bennett
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky
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Ponce DP, Salech F, Martin C, Silva M, Xiong C, Roe C, Henriquez M, Quest F, Behrens I. Increased Susceptibility to Oxidative Death of Lymphocytes from Alzheimer Patients Correlates with Dementia Severity. Curr Alzheimer Res 2014. [DOI: 10.2174/1567205011666141001113135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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35
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Affiliation(s)
- R. R. Sagar
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE)School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Center for Electron MicroscopyBeijing 100084, China
| | - X. Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE)School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Center for Electron MicroscopyBeijing 100084, China
| | - C. Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE)School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Center for Electron MicroscopyBeijing 100084, China
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36
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Zhang Z, Xiong C, Jiang QW. Survey on rabies virus carried by domestic dogs in Henan and Shaanxi Province, China. Int J Infect Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.03.809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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37
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Cai Y, Liu T, Li H, Xiong C. Meta-analysis of the association of oestrogen receptor-beta gene RsaI (G/A) and AluI (A/G) polymorphisms with male infertility. Andrologia 2014; 47:257-65. [PMID: 24655068 DOI: 10.1111/and.12254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A more precise assessment of association of oestrogen receptor-beta genes RsaI(G/A) and AluI(A/G) polymorphisms with male infertility from current contradictory results is the aim of this meta-analysis including five RsaI and six AluI studies respectively. No association was observed between infertility and RsaI or AluI. In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, increased risk was found among Caucasians with GA versus GG (OR = 2.263, 95% CI = 1.073-4.776, I(2) = 57.1%) and dominant model (OR = 2.117, 95% CI = 1.018-4.403, I(2) = 49.0%) of RsaI. It was not observed for AluI. In the stratified analysis by infertility subtypes, a reduced risk in GA of AluI was observed among azoospermia or severe oligospermia (GA versus AA: OR = 0.686, 95% CI = 0.498-0.945, I(2) = 21.2%; recessive model: OR = 1.403, 95% CI = 1.056-1.864, I(2) = 31.7%), and reduced risk was in recessive model (OR = 0.650, 95% CI = 0.446-0.948, I(2) = 0.0%) of subtypes, except for azoospermia or severe oligospermia. However, this finding was not observed in RsaI. The meta-analysis showed GA and GG of AluI are possibly resistant factors for spermatogenesis dysfunction and deteriorated sperm quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Cai
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Xiong C, Vo TD, Collins MJ, Li J, Krauss TF, Steel MJ, Clark AS, Eggleton BJ. Bidirectional multiplexing of heralded single photons from a silicon chip. Opt Lett 2013; 38:5176-5179. [PMID: 24281539 DOI: 10.1364/ol.38.005176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate integrated spatial multiplexing of heralded single photons generated from a single 96 μm long silicon photonic crystal waveguide in a bidirectional pump configuration. By using a low-loss fiber-coupled opto-ceramic switch, the multiplexing technique enhances the brightness of the single photon source by 51.2±4.0% while maintaining the coincidence-to-accidental ratio. Compared with the demonstration of multiplexing two individual sources, the bidirectional pump scheme represents a twofold reduction in the footprint of nonlinear devices for future large-scale integration of on-chip single photon sources. The 51.2±4.0% gain will make any quantum operation requiring n photons 1.5(n) times faster.
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Mills SM, Mallmann J, Santacruz AM, Fuqua A, Carril M, Aisen PS, Althage MC, Belyew S, Benzinger TL, Brooks WS, Buckles VD, Cairns NJ, Clifford D, Danek A, Fagan AM, Farlow M, Fox N, Ghetti B, Goate AM, Heinrichs D, Hornbeck R, Jack C, Jucker M, Klunk WE, Marcus DS, Martins RN, Masters CM, Mayeux R, McDade E, Morris JC, Oliver A, Ringman JM, Rossor MN, Salloway S, Schofield PR, Snider J, Snyder P, Sperling RA, Stewart C, Thomas RG, Xiong C, Bateman RJ. Preclinical trials in autosomal dominant AD: implementation of the DIAN-TU trial. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2013; 169:737-43. [PMID: 24016464 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2013.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer's Network Trials Unit (DIAN-TU) was formed to direct the design and management of interventional therapeutic trials of international DIAN and autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD) participants. The goal of the DIAN-TU is to implement safe trials that have the highest likelihood of success while advancing scientific understanding of these diseases and clinical effects of proposed therapies. The DIAN-TU has launched a trial design that leverages the existing infrastructure of the ongoing DIAN observational study, takes advantage of a variety of drug targets, incorporates the latest results of biomarker and cognitive data collected during the observational study, and implements biomarkers measuring Alzheimer's disease (AD) biological processes to improve the efficiency of trial design. The DIAN-TU trial design is unique due to the sophisticated design of multiple drugs, multiple pharmaceutical partners, academics servings as sponsor, geographic distribution of a rare population and intensive safety and biomarker assessments. The implementation of the operational aspects such as home health research delivery, safety magnetic resonance imagings (MRIs) at remote locations, monitoring clinical and cognitive measures, and regulatory management involving multiple pharmaceutical sponsors of the complex DIAN-TU trial are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Mills
- DIAN-TU, Washington University, 660, S. Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8111, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
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Collins M, Xiong C, Rey I, Vo T, He J, Shahnia S, Reardon C, Krauss T, Steel M, Clark A, Eggleton B. Integrated spatial multiplexing of heralded single-photon sources. Nat Commun 2013; 4:2582. [PMID: 24107840 PMCID: PMC3826656 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-deterministic nature of photon sources is a key limitation for single-photon quantum processors. Spatial multiplexing overcomes this by enhancing the heralded single-photon yield without enhancing the output noise. Here the intrinsic statistical limit of an individual source is surpassed by spatially multiplexing two monolithic silicon-based correlated photon pair sources in the telecommunications band, demonstrating a 62.4% increase in the heralded single-photon output without an increase in unwanted multipair generation. We further demonstrate the scalability of this scheme by multiplexing photons generated in two waveguides pumped via an integrated coupler with a 63.1% increase in the heralded photon rate. This demonstration paves the way for a scalable architecture for multiplexing many photon sources in a compact integrated platform and achieving efficient two-photon interference, required at the core of optical quantum computing and quantum communication protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.J. Collins
- Centre for Ultrahigh bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (CUDOS), Institute of Photonics and Optical Science (IPOS), School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - C. Xiong
- Centre for Ultrahigh bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (CUDOS), Institute of Photonics and Optical Science (IPOS), School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - I.H. Rey
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
| | - T.D. Vo
- Centre for Ultrahigh bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (CUDOS), Institute of Photonics and Optical Science (IPOS), School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Maritime Division, Department of Defence, Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO), P.O. Box 44, Pyrmont, New South Wales 2009, Australia
| | - J. He
- Centre for Ultrahigh bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (CUDOS), Institute of Photonics and Optical Science (IPOS), School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - S. Shahnia
- Centre for Ultrahigh bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (CUDOS), Institute of Photonics and Optical Science (IPOS), School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - C. Reardon
- Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - T.F. Krauss
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
- Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - M.J. Steel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, CUDOS, MQ Photonics Research Centre, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2019, Australia
| | - A.S. Clark
- Centre for Ultrahigh bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (CUDOS), Institute of Photonics and Optical Science (IPOS), School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - B.J. Eggleton
- Centre for Ultrahigh bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (CUDOS), Institute of Photonics and Optical Science (IPOS), School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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Cheng D, Xiong C, Li J, Sui C, Wang S, Li H, Jiang X. The effect of mahogunin gene mutant on reproduction in male mice: a new sight for infertility? Andrologia 2012; 46:98-105. [PMID: 23210986 DOI: 10.1111/and.12050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mahogunin is an important mediator of chromogenesis and neurodegeneration. Mahoganoid is a mutation of the mahogunin gene, which causes a pleiotropic phenotype that includes suppression of obesity, spongiform neurodegeneration and improvement of insulin sensitivity. Our previous research found that mahoganoid widely expressed in the male rat reproductive system, and mahoganoid-deficient mice have reduced embryonic viability. But the reproductive change in mahogunin knockout (md(nc) ) male mice has not been reported previously. Here, we report that the mahogunin mRNA also widely exists in reproductive system of male mice, and its mRNA expression in the testis was in accordance with the first spermatogenesis wave cycle. Moreover, we find that md(nc) male mice were able to mate with females but no pups are delivered. Besides, the sperms' active progressive motility and hormone secretion (E2, FSH, LH, PRL) were obviously decreased while abnormal sperm rate showed no significant difference in md(nc) compared to wild-type (WT) male mice. This study indicates the mahogunin deficiency results in the infertility of male mice, disruption of hormones secretion and impaired active progressive motility, which may additionally illuminate the aetiology of male infertility in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cheng
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Reproductive medical center, Renmin hospital of WuHan University, Wuhan, China
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Lu J, Zou L, Xiong C, Wang Z, Ma H, Yang W, Cui T, Zhang L, Huang S, Sun Q, Gao J, Meng Q. Development of a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay of CFP-10 for rapid diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion. Clin Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zhang X, Zhou Y, Xia W, Wu H, Yao K, Liu H, Xiong C. Effect of pre-freezing conditions on the progressive motility recovery rate of human frozen spermatozoa. Andrologia 2012; 44:343-8. [PMID: 22404132 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2012.01289.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of sperm concentration, progressive motility, sperm morphology, duration of abstinence and collection season on the progressive motility recovery rate of human frozen spermatozoa to identify characteristics that predict the progressive motility recovery rate of human frozen spermatozoa and improve the protocol for sperm collecting in sperm banks. A total of 14 190 semen samples donated at Zhejiang human sperm bank of China between September 2006 and June 2011 were collected from 1624 donors. Semen was evaluated according to WHO standard procedures for sperm concentration. Progressive motility, sperm morphology, ejaculate collection season and abstinence time were recorded. After freezing and thawing, the progressive motility was assessed. Results showed that sperm concentration, progressive motility and normal morphology were significantly associated with the progressive motility recovery rate of human frozen spermatozoa. In addition, the abstinence time and collection season also significantly affected progressive motility recovery rate. Our results indicated that sperm concentration, progressive motility and normal morphology could be valuable in predicting the progressive motility recovery rate of human frozen spermatozoa. As such, progressive motility recovery may be improved by donating semen when abstinent for 3-5 days and during seasons other than summer.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhang
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Gai X, Wang RP, Xiong C, Steel MJ, Eggleton BJ, Luther-Davies B. Near-zero anomalous dispersion Ge11.5As24Se64.5 glass nanowires for correlated photon pair generation: design and analysis. Opt Express 2012; 20:776-786. [PMID: 22274423 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.000776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We show that highly nonlinear chalcogenide glass nanowire waveguides with near-zero anomalous dispersion should be capable of generating correlated photon-pairs by spontaneous four-wave mixing at frequencies detuned by over 17 THz from the pump where Raman noise is absent. In this region we predict a photon pair correlation of >100, a figure of merit >10 and brightness of ~8×10(8) pairs/s over a bandwidth of >15 THz in nanowires with group velocity dispersion of <5 ps∙km(-1) nm(-1). We present designs for double-clad Ge(11.5)As(24)Se(64.5) glass nanowires with realistic tolerance to fabrication errors that achieve near-zero anomalous dispersion at a 1420 nm pump wavelength. This structure has a fabrication tolerance of 80-170 nm in the waveguide width and utilizes a SiO(2)/Al(2)O(3) layer deposited by atomic layer deposition to compensate the fabrication errors in the film thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Gai
- Centre for Ultrahigh-bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (CUDOS), Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT, Australia.
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Xiong C, Monat C, Clark AS, Grillet C, Marshall GD, Steel MJ, Li J, O'Faolain L, Krauss TF, Rarity JG, Eggleton BJ. Slow-light enhanced correlated photon pair generation in a silicon photonic crystal waveguide. Opt Lett 2011; 36:3413-3415. [PMID: 21886228 DOI: 10.1364/ol.36.003413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report the generation of correlated photon pairs in the telecom C-band at room temperature from a dispersion-engineered silicon photonic crystal waveguide. The spontaneous four-wave mixing process producing the photon pairs is enhanced by slow-light propagation enabling an active device length of less than 100 μm. With a coincidence to accidental ratio of 12.8 at a pair generation rate of 0.006 per pulse, this ultracompact photon pair source paves the way toward scalable quantum information processing realized on-chip.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Xiong
- Centre for Ultrahigh-bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (CUDOS), Institute of Photonics and Optical Science (IPOS), School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Xiong C, Helt LG, Judge AC, Marshall GD, Steel MJ, Sipe JE, Eggleton BJ. Quantum-correlated photon pair generation in chalcogenide As2S3 waveguides. Opt Express 2010; 18:16206-16216. [PMID: 20721006 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.016206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically investigate the generation of quantum-correlated photon pairs through spontaneous four-wave mixing in chalcogenide As(2)S(3) waveguides. For reasonable pump power levels, we show that such photonic-chip-based photon-pair sources can exhibit high brightness (approximately 1 x 10(9) pairs/s) and high correlation (approximately 100) if the waveguide length is chosen properly or the waveguide dispersion is engineered. Such a high correlation is possible in the presence of Raman scattering because the Raman profile exhibits a low gain window at a Stokes shift of 7.4 THz, though it is constrained due to multi-pair generation. As the proposed scheme is based on photonic chip technologies, it has the potential to become an integrated platform for the implementation of on-chip quantum technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Xiong
- Centre for Ultrahigh-bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (CUDOS), Institute for Photonics and Optical Science (IPOS), School of Physics, University of Sydney, Australia.
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Abstract
Cauliflower mosaic virus DNA contains six major open reading frames (ORFs). As only the mRNA corresponding to the transcription of gene VI and its translation product have been isolated, the identification in infected plants of products corresponding to the five other putative genes remains to be established. The present paper reports the detection of an ORF III product by means of antibodies raised against an NH(2)-terminal synthetic peptide of 19 amino acids corresponding to a sequence predicted from the nucleotide sequence of ORF III. The detection of this gene product raises the question of the mechanism of its expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Xiong
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 15 rue Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg Cédex, France
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Ances BM, Christensen JJ, Teshome M, Taylor J, Xiong C, Aldea P, Fagan AM, Holtzman DM, Morris JC, Mintun MA, Clifford DB. Cognitively unimpaired HIV-positive subjects do not have increased 11C-PiB: a case-control study. Neurology 2010; 75:111-5. [PMID: 20534887 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181e7b66e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diagnostic challenges exist for differentiating HIV dementia from Alzheimer disease (AD) in older HIV-infected (HIV+) individuals. Similar abnormalities in brain amyloid-beta42 (Alphabeta42) metabolism may be involved in HIV-associated neuropathology and AD. We evaluated the amyloid-binding agent (11)C-Pittsburgh compound B ((11)C-PiB), a biomarker for Alphabeta42 deposition, in cognitively unimpaired HIV+ (n = 10) participants and matched community controls without dementia (n = 20). METHODS In this case-control study, all participants had an (11)C-PiB scan within 2 years of concomitant CSF studies and neuropsychometric testing. Statistical differences between HIV+ and community controls for demographic and clinical values were assessed by chi(2) tests. Participants were further divided into either low (<500 pg/mL) or normal (>or=500 pg/mL) CSF Alphabeta42 groups with Student t tests performed to determine if regional differences in fibrillar amyloid plaque deposition varied with CSF Alphabeta42. RESULTS Regardless of CSF Alphabeta42 level, none of the HIV+ participants had fibrillar amyloid plaques as assessed by increased (11)C-PiB mean cortical binding potential (MCBP) or binding potential within 4 cortical regions. In contrast, some community controls with low CSF Alphabeta42 (<500 pg/mL) had high (11)C-PiB MCBP with elevated binding potentials (>0.18 arbitrary units) within cortical regions. CONCLUSIONS Cognitively unimpaired HIV+ participants, even with low CSF Alphabeta42 (<500 pg/mL), do not have (11)C-PiB parameters suggesting brain fibrillar amyloid deposition. The dissimilarity between unimpaired HIV+ and preclinical AD may reflect differences in Abeta42 production and/or formation of diffuse plaques. Future longitudinal studies of HIV+ participants with low CSF Abeta42 and normal (11)C-PiB are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Ances
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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