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Fang H, Hovad E, Zhang Y, Clemmensen LKH, Ersbøll BK, Juul Jensen D. Deep learning for improving non-destructive grain mapping in 3D. IUCrJ 2021; 8:719-731. [PMID: 34584734 PMCID: PMC8420763 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252521005480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory X-ray diffraction contrast tomography (LabDCT) is a novel imaging technique for non-destructive 3D characterization of grain structures. An accurate grain reconstruction critically relies on precise segmentation of diffraction spots in the LabDCT images. The conventional method utilizing various filters generally satisfies segmentation of sharp spots in the images, thereby serving as a standard routine, but it also very often leads to over or under segmentation of spots, especially those with low signal-to-noise ratios and/or small sizes. The standard routine also requires a fine tuning of the filtering parameters. To overcome these challenges, a deep learning neural network is presented to efficiently and accurately clean the background noise, thereby easing the spot segmentation. The deep learning network is first trained with input images, synthesized using a forward simulation model for LabDCT in combination with a generic approach to extract features of experimental backgrounds. Then, the network is applied to remove the background noise from experimental images measured under different geometrical conditions for different samples. Comparisons of both processed images and grain reconstructions show that the deep learning method outperforms the standard routine, demonstrating significantly better grain mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Fang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - E. Hovad
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Y. Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - L. K. H. Clemmensen
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - B. Kjaer Ersbøll
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - D. Juul Jensen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
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Fang H, Juul Jensen D, Zhang Y. Improved grain mapping by laboratory X-ray diffraction contrast tomography. IUCrJ 2021; 8:559-573. [PMID: 34258005 PMCID: PMC8256707 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252521003730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory diffraction contrast tomography (LabDCT) is a novel technique for non-destructive imaging of the grain structure within polycrystalline samples. To further broaden the use of this technique to a wider range of materials, both the spatial resolution and detection limit achieved in the commonly used Laue focusing geometry have to be improved. In this work, the possibility of improving both grain indexing and shape reconstruction was investigated by increasing the sample-to-detector distance to facilitate geometrical magnification of diffraction spots in the LabDCT projections. LabDCT grain reconstructions of a fully recrystallized iron sample, obtained in the conventional Laue focusing geometry and in a magnified geometry, are compared to one characterized by synchrotron X-ray diffraction contrast tomography, with the latter serving as the ground truth. It is shown that grain indexing can be significantly improved in the magnified geometry. It is also found that the magnified geometry improves the spatial resolution and the accuracy of the reconstructed grain shapes. The improvement is shown to be more evident for grains smaller than 40 µm than for larger grains. The underlying reasons are clarified by comparing spot features for different LabDCT datasets using a forward simulation tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Fang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - D. Juul Jensen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Y. Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
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Fang H, Juul Jensen D, Zhang Y. A flexible and standalone forward simulation model for laboratory X-ray diffraction contrast tomography. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2020; 76:652-663. [PMID: 33125349 PMCID: PMC7598096 DOI: 10.1107/s2053273320010852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Laboratory X-ray diffraction contrast tomography (LabDCT) has recently been developed as a powerful technique for non-destructive mapping of grain microstructures in bulk materials. As the grain reconstruction relies on segmentation of diffraction spots, it is essential to understand the physics of the diffraction process and resolve all the spot features in detail. To this aim, a flexible and standalone forward simulation model has been developed to compute the diffraction projections from polycrystalline samples with any crystal structure. The accuracy of the forward simulation model is demonstrated by good agreements in grain orientations, boundary positions and shapes between a virtual input structure and that reconstructed based on the forward simulated diffraction projections of the input structure. Further experimental verification is made by comparisons of diffraction spots between simulations and experiments for a partially recrystallized Al sample, where a satisfactory agreement is found for the spot positions, sizes and intensities. Finally, applications of this model to analyze specific spot features are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Fang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - D. Juul Jensen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Y. Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
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Karr JJ, Antles HD, Audino JB, Bontoyan WR, Carlstrom AA, Conner D, DiPilla EJ, Ellis ND, Gentry GM, Gilmore PK, Hayes E, Helfant LJ, Jensen DJ, MacEachern GM, Bontoyan WR, Minyard JP, Topping A, Ullrich L, VandeLinde DC, Wargacki RE, Whitaker R. Gas-Liquid Chromatographic Method for the Analysis of Microencapsulated Ethyl Parathion and Methyl Parathion Insecticides: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/63.5.999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The determination of ethyl parathion in Penncap-E insecticide was studied collaboratively by 14 laboratories. The assay of methyl parathion in Penncap-M insecticide was studied by 8 laboratories. The original method which was adopted official first action for methyl parathion specified dimethoate, which is currently classified as a suspected carcinogen, as the internal standard. The current collaborative efforts were conducted as a supplemental study to evaluate the performance of the new internal standard, bis-2-methoxyethyl phthalate, and to test the gas-liquid chromatographic method for microencapsulated ethyl parathion (internal standard, dibutyl phthalate). The method uses essentially the same grinding and extraction with acetonitrile as the original study. At the 20% methyl parathion level, the standard deviation within laboratories was 0.186%, and among laboratories, 0.737%. Two formulations of ethyl parathion at approximately 16 and 24% were analyzed in replicate on 2 days by the same analyst, and provided excellent agreement within laboratories as well as among laboratories. The standard deviation (pooled) within laboratories was 0.284% and among laboratories, 0.518%. The method has been adopted as official first action.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Karr
- Pennwalt Corp., 900 First Ave, King of Prussia, PA 1940
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Zhang YB, Budai JD, Tischler JZ, Liu W, Xu R, Homer ER, Godfrey A, Juul Jensen D. Boundary migration in a 3D deformed microstructure inside an opaque sample. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4423. [PMID: 28667251 PMCID: PMC5493684 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04087-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
How boundaries surrounding recrystallization grains migrate through the 3D network of dislocation boundaries in deformed crystalline materials is unknown and critical for the resulting recrystallized crystalline materials. Using X-ray Laue diffraction microscopy, we show for the first time the migration pattern of a typical recrystallization boundary through a well-characterized deformation matrix. The data provide a unique possibility to investigate effects of both boundary misorientation and plane normal on the migration, information which cannot be accessed with any other techniques. The results show that neither of these two parameters can explain the observed migration behavior. Instead we suggest that the subdivision of the deformed microstructure ahead of the boundary plays the dominant role. The present experimental observations challenge the assumptions of existing recrystallization theories, and set the stage for determination of mobilities of recrystallization boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Zhang
- Section for Materials Science and Advanced Characterization, Department of Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark, Risø Campus, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark.
| | - J D Budai
- Materials Science & Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831-6064, USA
| | - J Z Tischler
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, 60439, USA
| | - W Liu
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, 60439, USA
| | - R Xu
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, 60439, USA
| | - E R Homer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brigham Young University, 435 CTB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - A Godfrey
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - D Juul Jensen
- Section for Materials Science and Advanced Characterization, Department of Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark, Risø Campus, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark
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Sun J, Zhang YB, Dahl AB, Conradsen K, Juul Jensen D. A method to characterize the roughness of 2-D line features: recrystallization boundaries. J Microsc 2016; 265:313-321. [PMID: 27896802 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A method is presented, which allows quantification of the roughness of nonplanar boundaries of objects for which the neutral plane is not known. The method provides quantitative descriptions of both the local and global characteristics. How the method can be used to estimate the sizes of rough features and local curvatures is also presented. The potential of the method is illustrated by quantification of the roughness of two recrystallization boundaries in a pure Al specimen characterized by scanning electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sun
- Section for Materials Science and Advanced Characterization, Department of Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark, Risø Campus, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Y B Zhang
- Section for Materials Science and Advanced Characterization, Department of Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark, Risø Campus, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - A B Dahl
- Section for Image Analysis and Computer Graphics, Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - K Conradsen
- Section for Image Analysis and Computer Graphics, Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - D Juul Jensen
- Section for Materials Science and Advanced Characterization, Department of Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark, Risø Campus, Roskilde, Denmark
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Alfonso A, Juul Jensen D, Luo GN, Pantleon W. Thermal stability of a highly-deformed warm-rolled tungsten plate in the temperature range 1100–1250 °C. Fusion Engineering and Design 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Jensen DJ, Kvick Å, Lauridsen E, Lienert U, Margulies L, Nielsen S, Poulsen H. Plastic Deformation and Recrystallization Studied by the 3-D x-ray Microscope. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-590-227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTA newly developed synchrotron instrument – the so-called 3D X-ray microscope – is presented. The instrument is placed at the Materials Science beamline at ESRF and dedicated to local μm scale structural characterization within bulk materials. In this paper, emphasis is on in situ studies of thermomechanical processing. The potential of the instrument for characterization of single nuclei and grains is described and discussed based on both first results and planned experiments.
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Schmidt S, Nielsen SF, Gundlach C, Margulies L, Huang X, Jensen DJ. Watching the growth of bulk grains during recrystallization of deformed metals. Science 2004; 305:229-32. [PMID: 15247474 DOI: 10.1126/science.1098627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
We observed the in situ growth of a grain during recrystallization in the bulk of a deformed sample. We used the three-dimensional x-ray diffraction microscope located at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in Grenoble, France. The results showed a very heterogeneous growth pattern, contradicting the classical assumption of smooth and spherical growth of new grains during recrystallization. This type of in situ bulk measurement opens up the possibility of obtaining experimental data on scientific topics that before could only be analyzed theoretically on the basis of the statistical characterization of microstructures. For recrystallization, the in situ method includes direct measurements of nucleation and boundary migration through a deformed matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schmidt
- Center for Fundamental Research, Metal Structures in Four Dimensions, Risø National Laboratory, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
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Poulsen HF, Nielsen SF, Lauridsen EM, Schmidt S, Suter RM, Lienert U, Margulies L, Lorentzen T, Juul Jensen D. Three-dimensional maps of grain boundaries and the stress state of individual grains in polycrystals and powders. J Appl Crystallogr 2001. [DOI: 10.1107/s0021889801014273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A fast and non-destructive method for generating three-dimensional maps of the grain boundaries in undeformed polycrystals is presented. The method relies on tracking of micro-focused high-energy X-rays. It is verified by comparing an electron microscopy map of the orientations on the 2.5 × 2.5 mm surface of an aluminium polycrystal with tracking data produced at the 3DXRD microscope at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. The average difference in grain boundary position between the two techniques is 26 µm, comparable with the spatial resolution of the 3DXRD microscope. As another extension of the tracking concept, algorithms for determining the stress state of the individual grains are derived. As a case study, 3DXRD results are presented for the tensile deformation of a copper specimen. The strain tensor for one embedded grain is determined as a function of load. The accuracy on the strain is Δ∊ ≃ 10−4.
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Lauren DR, Jensen DJ, Douglas JA, Follett JM. Efficient method for determining the glycyrrhizin content of fresh and dried roots, and root extracts, of Glycyrrhiza species. Phytochem Anal 2001; 12:332-335. [PMID: 11705261 DOI: 10.1002/pca.597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A reliable and efficient method suitable for the selective analysis of the glycyrrhizin content of fresh and dried roots of Glycyrrhiza species and of root extracts is described. The method was optimised for recovery and analysis of glycyrrhizin after conversion to its aglycone, 18 beta-glycyrrhetinic acid. The reversed-phase HPLC system was developed using a sterically protected C8 column that allowed UV detection of the aglycone at 254 mm without interference from co-occurring components. The average recovery through the method was determined at 83%, with a range of 65-99%. Analysis of 150 dried root samples gave levels of glycyrrhizin consistent with earlier reported values. A comparison of post-harvest treatment conditions. showed that the drying of root samples at up to 65 degrees C did not result in any measurable reduction in glycyrrhizin.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Lauren
- Horticulture and Food Research Institute of New Zealand, Ruakura Research Centre, Private Bag 3123, Hamilton, New Zealand.
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Lienert U, Poulsen HF, Juul Jensen D, Lauridsen EM, Nielsen SF, Margulies L. Local Structural Characterization within Polycrystalline Bulk Materials by High Energy Synchrotron Radiation. Acta Crystallogr A 2000. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767300021899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Mishin OV, Lauridsen EM, Krieger Lassen NC, Brückner G, Tschentscher T, Bay B, Juul Jensen D, Poulsen HF. Application of high-energy synchrotron radiation for texture studies. J Appl Crystallogr 2000. [DOI: 10.1107/s0021889899016684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel experimental technique that employs high-energy synchrotron radiation is used for the investigation of through-thickness texture gradients in two aluminium plates, cold-rolled 40% with either intermediate or small draughts. In these two plates, crystallographic textures are inspected in a large number of layers. Texture maps of pole densities throughout the sample thickness are presented. A texture of the rolling type is developed through the plate thickness after intermediate draught rolling. Pronounced inhomogeneities associated with the shear texture are observed in the sample rolled with small draughts. For selected layers, direct pole figures are compared with those obtained by traditional low-energy X-ray diffraction and by the electron backscattering pattern technique using a scanning electron microscope. A good qualitative agreement between textures measured using the three different techniques is obtained. Experimental aspects and potentials of the new technique are discussed.
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Poulsen HF, Garbe S, Lorentzen T, Juul Jensen D, Poulsen FW, Andersen NH, Frello T, Feidenhans'l R, Graafsma H. Applications of high-energy synchrotron radiation for structural studies of polycrystalline materials. J Synchrotron Radiat 1997; 4:147-54. [PMID: 16699221 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049597002021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The large penetration power of high-energy X-rays (>60 keV) raises interesting prospects for new types of structural characterizations of polycrystalline materials. It becomes possible in a non-destructive manner to perform local studies, within the bulk of the material, of the fundamental materials physics properties: grain orientations, strain, dislocation densities etc. In favourable cases these properties may be mapped in three dimensions with a spatial resolution that matches the dimensions of the individual grains. Imbedded volumes and interfaces become accessible. Moreover, the high energies allow better in-situ studies of samples in complicated environments (industrial process optimization). General techniques for research in this energy range have been developed using broad-band angle-dispersive methods, on-line two-dimensional detectors and conical slits. Characterizations have been made at the level of the individual grains and grain boundaries as well as on ensembles of grains. The spatial resolution is presently of the order of 10-100 micom. Four examples of applications are presented along with an outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Poulsen
- Materials Department, Ris~ National Laboratory, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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Stokes WS, Jensen DJ. Guidelines for Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees: consideration of alternatives. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci 1995; 34:51-5, 58-60. [PMID: 16457554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W S Stokes
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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Sertl GO, Jensen DJ. Comments on biocompatible osteoconductive polymer. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1992; 201:1489-90. [PMID: 1289316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Abstract
The BOP/Sertl shelf arthroplasty procedure is not difficult or lengthy. It uses minimal metallic fixation. It is quite physiological with minimal morbidity because there is no change in the bony anatomic pelvis except to create an extension of the lateral rim of the acetabulum. The animal is able to walk the day after surgery. The procedure can be performed bilaterally the same day, thus creating good bony stability and decreasing stretching of the joint capsule, which in turn prevents further subluxation and pain in the hip joint. The aim of this procedure is to return the animal to a satisfactory lifestyle through an effective but less complicated surgical procedure as compared to other available options. This procedure is straightforward and can be done by a surgeon who is familiar with orthopedic surgical techniques and has been trained in this procedure. To date, more than 150 veterinarians have had hands-on training to perform this operation. We are not claiming that this procedure is a cure for CHD; rather, it is a procedure that dramatically slows down the progress of this malady and allows the dog to lead a more normal lifestyle and avoids euthanasia. After 51 months, our study of 200 hips has had a success rate of 99% on the animals available for follow-up as evidenced by returning those animals to a satisfactory lifestyle with stable hips.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Jensen
- Page Animal Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri
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Jensen DJ. The applicability of nursing diagnoses in the neonatal intensive care unit. Neonatal Netw 1990; 9:23-9. [PMID: 2392113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Liu YL, Hansen N, Jensen DJ. Recrystallization microstructure in cold-rolled aluminum composites reinforced by silicon carbide whiskers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02663206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Jensen DJ, Brey WW, Delayre JL, Narayana PA. Reduction of pulsed gradient settling time in the superconducting magnet of a magnetic resonance instrument. Med Phys 1987; 14:859-62. [PMID: 3683316 DOI: 10.1118/1.596012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The implementation of electronic compensation for eddy currents to reduce the gradient settling times on a superconducting magnet is described. Field plots inside the magnet indicate the importance of assessing the field changes at several positions in the magnet. The effect of an asymmetry between the gradient coil system and the cryostat is demonstrated. A modified compensation circuit is described to overcome this mechanical asymmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Jensen
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Medical School, Houston 77030
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Abstract
Mumps virus-infected and normal newborn hamster brains were imaged with magnetic resonance (MR) within 24 h after birth and serially scanned. Hydrocephalus developed explosively on Day 6 postinfection and progressed until death occurred soon after Day 10. This study demonstrates the utility of MR in the investigation of experimental viral encephalitis in very small laboratory animals.
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Jensen DJ, Delayre JL, Narayana PA. An incremental phase shifter and frequency modulator for magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1987; 34:310-3. [PMID: 3504205 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.1987.326047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Abstract
The design of a pulse sequence for volume localization in magnetic resonance spectroscopy is described in detail. The sequence is based on the volume selective excitation technique (VSE) proposed by Aue et al. [J. Magn. Reson. 56, 350 (1984)] and overcomes the high rf power requirements of VSE. The implications of various design stages are demonstrated experimentally and by computer simulations.
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Jensen DJ, Getzendaner ME, Hummel RA, Turley J. Residue studies for (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in grass and rice. J Agric Food Chem 1983; 31:118-122. [PMID: 6826908 DOI: 10.1021/jf00115a029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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Jensen DJ, Hummel RA. Secretion of TCDD in milk and cream following the feeding of TCDD to lactating dairy cows. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 1982; 29:440-446. [PMID: 6890865 DOI: 10.1007/bf01605609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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Jensen DJ, Hummel RA, Mahle NH, Kocher CW, Higgins HS. A residue study on beef cattle consuming 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. J Agric Food Chem 1981; 29:265-268. [PMID: 7229210 DOI: 10.1021/jf00104a014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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