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Brandeis BO, Siegle GJ, Franzen P, Soehner A, Hasler B, McMakin D, Young K, Buysse DJ. Correction to: Subjective and neural reactivity during savoring and rumination. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci 2024; 24:615. [PMID: 38379093 PMCID: PMC11078819 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-023-01145-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Greg J Siegle
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, WPH, 3811 O'Hara St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Peter Franzen
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, WPH, 3811 O'Hara St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Adriane Soehner
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, WPH, 3811 O'Hara St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Brant Hasler
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, WPH, 3811 O'Hara St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Dana McMakin
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kym Young
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, WPH, 3811 O'Hara St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Daniel J Buysse
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, WPH, 3811 O'Hara St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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Brandeis BO, Siegle GJ, Franzen P, Soehner A, Hasler B, McMakin D, Young K, Buysse DJ. Subjective and neural reactivity during savoring and rumination. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci 2023; 23:1568-1580. [PMID: 37726588 PMCID: PMC10684651 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-023-01123-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Repetitive thinking about negative emotions or events is strongly associated with worse mental health, whereas repetitive positive thought is generally believed to be beneficial. This observation is at odds with the idea that all forms of repetitive thinking share underlying neural mechanisms. To resolve this apparent discrepancy, the present study examined relationships between subjective affect and neural mechanisms during periods of sustained processing of positive (savoring) and negative (rumination) emotion. We also examined potential common moderators of savoring and rumination including memory specificity and sleep quality. Results indicated that individuals who experience high positive affect during savoring also are likely to experience more intense negative affect during rumination. fMRI-derived brain activity revealed common mechanisms of rumination and savoring. Memory specificity had common effects on neural correlates of rumination and savoring; sleep quality was not associated with mechanisms of savoring or rumination. These results suggest that repetitive engagement with positive and negative affect is similar both subjectively and mechanistically. Clinical interventions for rumination may benefit from capitalizing on preserved capacity for savoring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Greg J Siegle
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, WPH, 3811 O'Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Peter Franzen
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, WPH, 3811 O'Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Adriane Soehner
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, WPH, 3811 O'Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Brant Hasler
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, WPH, 3811 O'Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Dana McMakin
- Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kym Young
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, WPH, 3811 O'Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Daniel J Buysse
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, WPH, 3811 O'Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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Rivera Núñez MV, McMakin D, Mattfeld AT. Nucleus Reuniens: Modulating Negative Overgeneralization in Periadolescents with Anxiety. bioRxiv 2023:2023.11.14.567068. [PMID: 38014058 PMCID: PMC10680726 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.14.567068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Anxiety affects 4.4-million children in the United States with an onset between childhood and adolescence, a period marked by neural changes that impact emotions and memory. Negative overgeneralization - or responding similarly to innocuous events that share features with past aversive experiences - is common in anxiety but remains mechanistically underspecified. The nucleus reuniens (RE) has been considered a crucial candidate in the modulation of memory specificity. Our study investigated its activation and functional connectivity with the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus (HPC) as neurobiological mechanisms of negative overgeneralization in anxious youth. Methods As part of a secondary data analysis, we examined data from 34 participants between 9-14 years (mean age ± SD, 11.4 ± 2.0 years, 16 females) with varying degrees of anxiety severity. During the Study session participants rated images as negative, neutral, and positive. After 12-hours, participants returned for a Test session, where they performed a memory recognition test with repeated (targets) and similar (lures) images. Labeling negative relative to neutral lures as "old" (false alarms) was our operational definition of negative overgeneralization. Results Negative relative to neutral false alarmed stimuli displayed elevated RE activation (at Study and Test) and increased functional connectivity with the CA1 (at Test only). Elevated anxiety severity was associated with reductions in the RE-mPFC functional coupling for neutral relative to negative stimuli. Exploratory analyses revealed similar patterns in activation and functional connectivity with positive stimuli. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate the importance of the RE in the overgeneralization of memories in anxious youth.
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Freitag GF, Salem H, Conroy K, Busto C, Adrian M, Borba CPC, Brandt A, Chu PV, Dantowitz A, Farley AM, Fortuna L, Furr JM, Lejeune J, Miller L, Platt R, Porche M, Read KL, Rivero-Conil S, Hernandez RDS, Shumway P, Sikov J, Spencer A, Syeda H, McLellan LF, Rapee RM, McMakin D, Pincus DB, Comer JS. The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) pediatric and parent-proxy short forms for anxiety: Psychometric properties in the Kids FACE FEARS sample. J Anxiety Disord 2023; 94:102677. [PMID: 36773484 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
There is tremendous need for brief and supported, non-commercial youth- and caregiver-report questionnaires of youth anxiety. The pediatric and parent proxy short forms of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Anxiety scale (8a v2.0) are free, brief, publicly accessible measures of youth- and caregiver-reported anxiety in children and adolescents. Despite increased use of the PROMIS, no study has evaluated performance of its anxiety scales in a sample of treatment-engaged anxious youth. Analyses were conducted on baseline data from the first 265 families (child MAge=11.14 years, 70% racial/ethnic minoritized youth) to enroll in the Kids FACE FEARS trial, a multisite comparative effectiveness trial of therapist-led vs. self-administered treatment for elevated youth anxiety. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) examined factor structure; omega coefficients and regression models examined internal consistency, convergent validity, and cross-informant reliability. CFA supported adjusted single-factor solutions across youth and caregiver reports, and internal consistency was high. Convergent validity was supported by medium-to-large associations with anxiety-related impairment and severity. Moderate cross-informant reliability between reports was found. Results showcase the first psychometric study of the PROMIS Anxiety scale short forms among treatment-engaged youth with elevated anxiety. Findings highlight the PROMIS Anxiety scale's utility in typical care settings for youth anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle F Freitag
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Hanan Salem
- University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Kristina Conroy
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Carolina Busto
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Molly Adrian
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christina P C Borba
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amelia Brandt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Annie Dantowitz
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Center for Anxiety and Related Disorders (CARD), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alyssa M Farley
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Center for Anxiety and Related Disorders (CARD), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lisa Fortuna
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jami M Furr
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Julia Lejeune
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Leslie Miller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rheanna Platt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michelle Porche
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kendra L Read
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jennifer Sikov
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrea Spencer
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Haniya Syeda
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lauren F McLellan
- School of Psychological Sciences, Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ronald M Rapee
- School of Psychological Sciences, Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dana McMakin
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA; Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Donna B Pincus
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Center for Anxiety and Related Disorders (CARD), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan S Comer
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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Carper MM, Silk JS, Ladouceur CD, Forbes EE, McMakin D, Ryan N, Kendall PC. Changes in Affective Network Variability Among Youth Treated for Anxiety Disorders. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2022; 53:526-537. [PMID: 33656632 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-021-01141-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been shown to be an efficacious treatment for youth anxiety, but we need to know more about the process of change. Affective network variability, or the "spread" of positive and negative emotions activated across a given time period, has been found to be positively associated with anxiety disorder symptomatology, but it is not yet known how this construct changes in response to intervention or its association with anxiety-focused treatment outcomes. The present study used a dynamical systems framework to model ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data collected via a cellular telephone from 114 youth aged 9-14 years (Mage = 10.94, SD = 1.46) who were seeking treatment for a primary anxiety disorder. We examined patterns of affective network variability over time and across (a) CBT and (b) client-centered therapy (CCT) to determine whether affective network changes were specific to CBT or due to nonspecific factors. Associations between treatment outcomes and patterns of affect at pretreatment and over the course of the treatments were also examined. Results revealed significant decreases in affective network variability over the course of treatment for youth who received CBT, but not for youth who received CCT. Changes in affective network variability over the course of treatment did not predict treatment outcomes. Findings provide initial support for the dynamical systems approach to examining changes that occur during treatment. Implications and future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M Carper
- Child and Adolescent Anxiety Disorders Clinic, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Quantitative Sciences Program, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Box G-BH, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
| | - Jennifer S Silk
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Cecile D Ladouceur
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Erika E Forbes
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dana McMakin
- Department of Psychology, Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Neal Ryan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Philip C Kendall
- Child and Adolescent Anxiety Disorders Clinic, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Wallace M, Kissel N, Hall M, Germain A, Matthews K, Troxel W, Franzen P, Buysse D, Roecklein K, Gunn H, Hasler B, Goldstein T, McMakin D, Szigethy E, Soehner A. 540 Age Trends in Sleep Across the Lifespan: Findings from the Pittsburgh Lifespan Sleep Databank. Sleep 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsab072.538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Sleep continuously changes over the human lifespan and it does so across multiple dimensions, including duration, timing, efficiency, and variability. Although studies focused on specific developmental periods have shown age-related changes in sleep, methodological differences make it difficult to synthesize information across studies to fully understand precisely when these sleep changes occur. Our goal was to use individual-level actigraphy and self-report sleep data from a single site to characterize age trends and sex differences in actigraphy and self-report sleep dimensions across the healthy human lifespan. To accomplish this goal, we developed the Pittsburgh Lifespan Sleep Databank (PLSD), a large aggregate databank of participants from sleep research studies conducted at the University of Pittsburgh.
Methods
In the present analysis, we included N=1,070 PLSD participants from 21 studies without a major psychiatric, sleep, or medical condition. We used Generalized Additive Models to examine flexible, potentially non-linear relationships between age and sleep dimensions (actigraphy and self-report duration, efficiency, and timing; actigraphy variability) from ages 10 to 87. We also examined whether these sleep characteristics differed by sex across the lifespan.
Results
The most dramatic age-related trends were observed in sleep timing. Actigraphy and self-report sleep onset time shifted later between ages 10–18 and then shifted earlier again during the 20s. Actigraphy and self-report wake-up time also shifted earlier during the mid-20s through late 30s. Self-report duration became shorter from approximately ages 10–20. Self-report sleep efficiency and actigraphy variability both decreased over the entire lifespan. Relative to males, females tended to have earlier self-report sleep onset, higher actigraphy sleep efficiency, and longer actigraphy duration.
Conclusion
By focusing on lifespan sleep rather than specific age segments of the samples, we can provide a unified assessment of age-related changes and sex differences from childhood through older adulthood. An understanding of age trends and sex differences in sleep in healthy individuals – and explicating the timing and nature of these difference – can be used to identify periods of sleep-related risk or resilience and guide intervention efforts.
Support (if any)
University of Pittsburgh Clinical and Translational Science Institute (UL1TR001857).
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Kennard BD, Biernesser C, Wolfe KL, Foxwell AA, Craddock Lee SJ, Rial KV, Patel S, Cheng C, Goldstein T, McMakin D, Blastos B, Douaihy A, Zelazny J, Brent DA. Developing a Brief Suicide Prevention Intervention and Mobile Phone Application: a Qualitative Report. J Technol Hum Serv 2015; 33:345-357. [PMID: 26977137 PMCID: PMC4788636 DOI: 10.1080/15228835.2015.1106384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Suicide is the second leading cause of death among youth and has become a serious public health problem. There has been limited research on strategies to decrease the likelihood of reattempt in adolescents. As phase one of a treatment development study, clinicians, parents and adolescents participated in qualitative interviews in order to gain new perspectives on developing a targeted intervention and a safety plan phone application for suicide prevention. Participants indicated that transition of care, specific treatment targets and safety planning were important parts of treatment. In addition, all participants endorsed the use of a smartphone application for these purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth D Kennard
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Children's Health
| | | | - Kristin L Wolfe
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Children's Health
| | | | | | - Katie V Rial
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Children's Health
| | - Sarita Patel
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Children's Health
| | | | - Tina Goldstein
- University of Pittsburgh; Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic
| | - Dana McMakin
- University of Pittsburgh; Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic
| | | | - Antoine Douaihy
- University of Pittsburgh; Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic
| | - Jamie Zelazny
- University of Pittsburgh; Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic
| | - David A Brent
- University of Pittsburgh; Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic
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