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Straus D, Eddelman DB, Byrne N, Tchalukov K, Wewel J, Munich SA, Kocak M, Byrne R. Anatomical Predictors of Transcranial Surgical Access to the Suprasellar Space. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2021; 82:365-369. [PMID: 34026414 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3400298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The suprasellar space is a common location for intracranial lesions. The position of the optic chiasm (prefixed vs. postfixed) results in variable sizes of operative corridors and is thus important to identify when choosing a surgical approach to this region. In this study, we aim to identify relationships between suprasellar anatomy and external cranial metrics to guide in preoperative planning. Methods T2-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRIs) from 50 patients (25 males and 25 females) were analyzed. Various intracranial and extracranial metrics were measured. Statistical analysis was performed to determine any associations between metrics. Results Interoptic space (IOS) size correlated with interpupillary distance (IPD; a = 7.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.5-10.0, R 2 = 0.3708, p = 0.0009). IOS size also correlated with fixation of the optic chiasm, for prefixed chiasms ( n = 7), the mean IOS is 205.14 mm 2 , for normal chiasm position ( n = 33) the mean IOS is 216.94 mm 2 and for postfixed chiasms ( n = 10) the mean IOS is 236.20 mm 2 ( p = 0.002). IPD correlates with optic nerve distance (OND; p = 0.1534). Cranial index does not predict OND, IPD, or IOS. Conclusion This study provides insight into relationships between intracranial structures and extracranial metrics. This is the first study to describe a statistically significant correlation between IPD and IOS. Surgical approach can be guided in part by the size of the IOS and its correlates. Particularly small intraoptic space may guide the surgeon away from a subfrontal approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Straus
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Daniel B Eddelman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Nika Byrne
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Konstantin Tchalukov
- Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Josh Wewel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Stephan A Munich
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Mehmet Kocak
- Department of Radiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Richard Byrne
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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Wong AK, Eddelman DB, Kramer DE, Munich SA, Byrne RW. Surgical Resection of Clinoidal Meningiomas without Routine Use of Clinoidectomy. World Neurosurg 2020; 146:e467-e472. [PMID: 33130137 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.10.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Meningiomas of the anterior clinoid process (ACP) present significant surgical challenges given their anatomic relation to critical neurovascular structures. Routine anterior clinoidectomy is often described as a critical step in the resection of these tumors to reduce recurrence and improve visual outcomes. Anterior clinoidectomy, however, is not without risk and its benefits have not been clearly delineated. We present the outcomes of our series of surgically managed ACP meningiomas in which an anterior clinoidectomy was not routinely employed. METHODS A retrospective review of all ACP meningiomas operated on between August 1997 and March 2019 was conducted. Patients with a recurrent tumor or with <6 months of follow-up were excluded. Resection was typically carried out via a frontotemporal craniotomy followed by intradural removal of the tumor. Anterior clinoidectomy was only performed if hyperostosis of the ACP caused mass effect on the optic nerve. RESULTS Twenty-nine patients were included in this study. Anterior clinoidectomy was performed in 3 patients (10.3%). Gross total resection was achieved in 22 patients (75.9%). Of the 21 patients (72.4%) who presented with visual deficits, vision improved in 18 patients (85.7%) and worsened in 2 (9.5%). Tumor recurrence occurred in 5 patients (17.2%) at a mean follow-up of 64.9 months. Perioperative morbidity was 10.3%. Permanent morbidity and mortality were 6.9% (vision deterioration) and 0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Resection of ACP meningiomas without routine anterior clinoidectomy minimizes potential risk while achieving gross total resection, recurrence, and visual improvement rates comparable with those in previously reported series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K Wong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Dallas E Kramer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Stephan A Munich
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Richard W Byrne
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Eggerstedt M, Hong S, Eddelman DB, Smith RM, Munoz L, Byrne RW, Wiet RM. Spontaneous Otogenic Pneumocephalus: Case Series and Update on Management. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2018; 80:424-430. [PMID: 31316888 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1676036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study is aimed to report the largest independent case series of spontaneous otogenic pneumocephalus (SOP) and review its pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and treatment. Design Four patients underwent a middle cranial fossa approach for repair of the tegmen tympani and tegmen mastoideum. A comprehensive review of the literature regarding this disease entity was performed. Setting U.S. tertiary academic medical center. Participants: Patients presenting to the lead author's clinic or to the emergency department with radiographic evidence of SOP. Symptoms included headache, otalgia, and neurologic deficits. Main Outcome Measures Patients were assessed for length of stay, postoperative length of stay, and neurologic outcome. Three of four patients returned to their neurologic baseline following repair. Results Four patients were successfully managed via a middle cranial fossa approach to repairing the tegmen mastoideum. Conclusion The middle cranial fossa approach is an effective strategy to repair defects of the tegmen mastoideum. SOP remains a clinically rare disease, with little published information on its diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Eggerstedt
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Scott Hong
- Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Daniel B Eddelman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Ryan M Smith
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Lorenzo Munoz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Rich W Byrne
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - R Mark Wiet
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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Eddelman DB, Munich S, Kochanski RB, Eggerstedt M, Kazan RP, Moftakhar R, Munoz L, Byrne RW, Wiet RM. Repair of Temporal Bone Defects via the Middle Cranial Fossa Approach: Treatment of 2 Pathologies With 1 Operation. Neurosurgery 2018; 84:1290-1295. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyy198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B Eddelman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Stephan Munich
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ryan B Kochanski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael Eggerstedt
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Robert P Kazan
- West Suburban Neurosurgical Associates Westmont, Illinois
| | - Roham Moftakhar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Palmetto Health – USC, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Lorenzo Munoz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rich W Byrne
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - R Mark Wiet
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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Wu X, Walker CL, Lu Q, Wu W, Eddelman DB, Parish JM, Xu XM. RhoA/Rho Kinase Mediates Neuronal Death Through Regulating cPLA 2 Activation. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:6885-6895. [PMID: 27771900 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0187-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Activation of RhoA/Rho kinase leads to growth cone collapse and neurite retraction. Although RhoA/Rho kinase inhibition has been shown to improve axon regeneration, remyelination and functional recovery, its role in neuronal cell death remains unclear. To determine whether RhoA/Rho kinase played a role in neuronal death after injury, we investigated the relationship between RhoA/Rho kinase and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), a lipase that mediates inflammation and cell death, using an in vitro neuronal death model and an in vivo contusive spinal cord injury model performed at the 10th thoracic (T10) vertebral level. We found that co-administration of TNF-α and glutamate induced spinal neuron death, and activation of RhoA, Rho kinase and cPLA2. Inhibition of RhoA, Rho kinase and cPLA2 significantly reduced TNF-α/glutamate-induced cell death by 33, 52 and 43 %, respectively (p < 0.001). Inhibition of RhoA and Rho kinase also significantly downregulated cPLA2 activation by 66 and 60 %, respectively (p < 0.01). Furthermore, inhibition of RhoA and Rho kinase reduced the release of arachidonic acid, a downstream substrate of cPLA2. The immunofluorescence staining showed that ROCK1 or ROCK2, two isoforms of Rho kinase, was co-localized with cPLA2 in neuronal cytoplasm. Interestingly, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay showed that ROCK1 or ROCK2 bonded directly with cPLA2 and phospho-cPLA2. When the Rho kinase inhibitor Y27632 was applied in mice with T10 contusion injury, it significantly decreased cPLA2 activation and expression and reduced injury-induced apoptosis at and close to the lesion site. Taken together, our results reveal a novel mechanism of RhoA/Rho kinase-mediated neuronal death through regulating cPLA2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbing Wu
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, 320 W. 15th Street, NB 500E, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Chandler L Walker
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, 320 W. 15th Street, NB 500E, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Qingbo Lu
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, 320 W. 15th Street, NB 500E, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Wei Wu
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, 320 W. 15th Street, NB 500E, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Daniel B Eddelman
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jonathan M Parish
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Xiao-Ming Xu
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, 320 W. 15th Street, NB 500E, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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