1
|
Farronato M, Tadakamadla SK, Ali Quadri MF, Acharya S, Tadakamadla J, Love RM, Jamal M, Mulder R, Maspero C, Farronato D, Ivanov A, Neefs D, Cagetti MG, de Vito D, Gupta RJ, Connelly ST, Tartaglia GM. A Call for Action to Safely Deliver Oral Health Care during and Post COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E6704. [PMID: 32942560 PMCID: PMC7558658 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak started just a couple of months ago and it grew rapidly causing several deaths and morbidities. The mechanism behind the transmission of the virus is still not completely understood despite a multitude of new specific manuscripts being published daily. This article highlights the oral cavity as a possible viral transmission route into the body via the Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptor. It also provides guidelines for routine protective measures in the dental office while delivering oral health care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Farronato
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Santosh K Tadakamadla
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia; (S.K.T.); (J.T.); (R.M.L.)
| | - Mir Faeq Ali Quadri
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shashidhar Acharya
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India;
| | - Jyothi Tadakamadla
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia; (S.K.T.); (J.T.); (R.M.L.)
| | - Robert M. Love
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia; (S.K.T.); (J.T.); (R.M.L.)
| | - Mohamed Jamal
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai 505055, UAE;
| | - Riaan Mulder
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa;
| | - Cinzia Maspero
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Davide Farronato
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy;
| | - Alexander Ivanov
- Pediatric Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Department—Central Research Institute of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow 119021, Russia;
| | - Dirk Neefs
- Dierick Dental Care & B-dent Dental Clinic, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Maria Grazia Cagetti
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Epidemiology and Community Dentistry of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy;
| | - Danila de Vito
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Rishi J. Gupta
- San Francisco Veteran’s Affairs Health Care, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (R.J.G.); (S.T.C.)
| | - Stephen Thaddeus Connelly
- San Francisco Veteran’s Affairs Health Care, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (R.J.G.); (S.T.C.)
| | - Gianluca M. Tartaglia
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Coscia MF, Monno R, Ballini A, Mirgaldi R, Dipalma G, Pettini F, Cristallo V, Inchingolo F, Foti C, de Vito D. Human papilloma virus (HPV) genotypes prevalence in a region of South Italy (Apulia). Ann Ist Super Sanita 2015; 51:248-251. [PMID: 26428051 DOI: 10.4415/ann_15_03_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since human papillomavirus (HPV) is the central casual factor in cervical cancer, understanding the epidemiology and geographical area distribution of the most prevalent HPV genotypes constitutes an important step towards development of strategies of prevention. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of HPV infection and to determine HPV types distribution among 822 HPV positive women and some sexual male partners in Apulia (Italy). METHODS HPV DNA detection and genotyping was performed by nested-PCR for the L1 region and reverse line blot hybridization allowing the specific detection of 24 HPV genotyping both high risk (HR) and low risk (LR). RESULTS The most prevalent HPV genotypes were HPV 16 (35%), HPV 31 (16%) HPV 6 (9%), HPV 58 and 66 (7%), followed by HPV 33 (6%), HPV 18 and 56 (4%), HPV 70 and 45 (3%), HPV 53 and 11 (2%). Currently 1.5% of tested specimens remained unclassified. Multiple infections with at last two different high- risk HPV genotypes were observed in 10% of specimens. CONCLUSIONS This finding adds knowledge to HPV epidemiological investigation, and addresses further studies aimed to consider public health for identifying groups at risk for cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Franca Coscia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche di Base, Neuroscienze e Organi di Senso, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Monno
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche di Base, Neuroscienze e Organi di Senso, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche di Base, Neuroscienze e Organi di Senso, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Rosanna Mirgaldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche di Base, Neuroscienze e Organi di Senso, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Gianna Dipalma
- Dipartimento Interdisciplinare di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Pettini
- Dipartimento Interdisciplinare di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cristallo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche di Base, Neuroscienze e Organi di Senso, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Dipartimento Interdisciplinare di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Caterina Foti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Oncologia Umana, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Danila de Vito
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche di Base, Neuroscienze e Organi di Senso, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cinquepalmi V, Monno R, Fumarola L, Ventrella G, Calia C, Greco MF, de Vito D, Soleo L. Environmental contamination by dog’s faeces: a public health problem? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2012; 10:72-84. [PMID: 23263659 PMCID: PMC3564131 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph10010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The risk to public health from the large number of dog stools present on streets of urban areas is cause for concern. Dog faeces may be a serious hazard because they may contain microorganisms that are both pathogenic to humans and resistant to several classes of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential for zoonotic infections and for the presence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in canine faeces which contaminates the urban environment. A total of 418 canine faecal samples were collected from streets in seven areas of Bari, Southern Italy. We have isolated multi-drug resistant Enterococci and meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from these dog faecal samples. The presence of the resistant bacteria in an urban environment may represent a public health hazard which requires control measures by competent authorities. No Salmonella, Yersinia or Campylobacter species were isolated. Giardia cysts were detected in 1.9% of the samples. The predominant Enterococcus species were E. faecium (61.6%), E. gallinarum (23.3%) and E. casseliflavus (5.5%). Other species, including E. faecalis were also isolated. These strains were resistant to clindamycin (86.3%), tetracycline (65.7%), erythromycin (60.27%) and ampicillin (47.9%). High-level aminoglycoside resistance (HLAR) was found in 65.7% of enterococci. Resistance to three or more antibiotics and six or more antibiotics were observed in 67.12% and 38.4% of Enterococcus spp., respectively. Resistance to vancomycin and teicoplanin was not detected in any of the Enterococcus spp. isolated. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 0.7% of the faecal samples. Canine faeces left on the streets may represent a risk factor for transmission of microorganisms and a reservoir of multidrug- resistant bacteria thus contributing to the spread of resistance genes into an urban area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Cinquepalmi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Occupational Medicine Section , University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; E-Mails: (V.C.); (L.S.)
| | - Rosa Monno
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; E-Mails: (L.F.); (C.C.); (D.V.)
| | - Luciana Fumarola
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; E-Mails: (L.F.); (C.C.); (D.V.)
| | - Gianpiero Ventrella
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, University of Bari, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy; E-Mails: (G.V.); (M.F.G.)
| | - Carla Calia
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; E-Mails: (L.F.); (C.C.); (D.V.)
| | - Maria Fiorella Greco
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, University of Bari, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy; E-Mails: (G.V.); (M.F.G.)
| | - Danila de Vito
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; E-Mails: (L.F.); (C.C.); (D.V.)
| | - Leonardo Soleo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Occupational Medicine Section , University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; E-Mails: (V.C.); (L.S.)
| |
Collapse
|