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Ramesh Kumar R, Karthik K, Elumalai PV, Elumalai R, Chandran D, Prakash E, Hassin N. Author Correction: Enhancing automotive cooling systems: composite fins and nanoparticles analysis in radiators. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5467. [PMID: 38443484 PMCID: PMC10914774 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56013-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Ramesh Kumar
- Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, 400 Feet Outer Ring Road Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - K Karthik
- Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, 400 Feet Outer Ring Road Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P V Elumalai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - R Elumalai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Davannendran Chandran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
| | - E Prakash
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, India
| | - Nasim Hassin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mettu University, Metu, Ethiopia.
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Ramesh Kumar R, Karthik K, Elumalai PV, Elumalai R, Chandran D, Prakash E, Hassin N. Enhancing automotive cooling systems: composite fins and nanoparticles analysis in radiators. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3650. [PMID: 38351203 PMCID: PMC10864283 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52141-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Composites are driving positive developments in the automobile sector. In this study investigated the use of composite fins in radiators using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to analyze the fluid-flow phenomenon of nanoparticles and hydrogen gas. Our world is rapidly transforming, and new technologies are leading to positive revolutions in today's society. In this study successfully analyzed the entire thermal simulation processes of the radiator, as well as the composite fin arrangements with stress efficiency rates. The study examined the velocity path, pressure variations, and temperature distribution in the radiator setup. As found that nanoparticles and composite fins provide superior thermal heat rates and results. The combination of an aluminum radiator and composite fins in future models will support the control of cooling systems in automotive applications. The final investigation statement showed a 12% improvement with nanoparticles, where the velocity was 1.61 m/s and the radiator system's pressure volume was 2.44 MPa. In the fin condition, the stress rate was 3.60 N/mm2.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ramesh Kumar
- Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, 400 Feet Outer Ring Road Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - K Karthik
- Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, 400 Feet Outer Ring Road Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P V Elumalai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - R Elumalai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Davannendran Chandran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
| | - E Prakash
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, India
| | - Nasim Hassin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mettu University, Metu, Ethiopia.
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Saied AA, Metwally AA, Dhawan M, Chandran D, Chakraborty C, Dhama K. Wastewater surveillance strategy as an early warning system for detecting cryptic spread of pandemic viruses. QJM 2023; 116:741-744. [PMID: 37307065 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A A Saied
- National Food Safety Authority (NFSA), Aswan Branch, Aswan 81511, Egypt
- Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities, Aswan Office, Aswan 81511, Egypt
| | - A A Metwally
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt
| | - M Dhawan
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
- Trafford College, Altrincham, Manchester WA14 5PQ, UK
| | - D Chandran
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita VishwaVidyapeetham University, Coimbatore 642109, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C Chakraborty
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata 700126, West Bengal, India
| | - K Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Izatnagar 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Rajendran S, Chandran D, Abraham PM, Mufsil PP. Pulsatile bleeding varicose veins due to tricuspid regurgitation successfully treated with foam sclerotherapy. J Postgrad Med 2022; 69:120-121. [PMID: 36537397 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_433_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Singh S, Moreland R, Shaikh P, Krc R, Chandran D, Holbein M. Compassion Inequities and Opioid Dependence: A Matched Case-Control Analysis of Inpatient Pain Management for Patients With a History of Opioid Use Disorder Hospitalized for Cancer-Related Pain. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.1354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Walvekar R, Chen YY, Saputra R, Khalid M, Panchal H, Chandran D, Mubarak NM, Sadasivuni KK. Deep eutectic solvents-based CNT nanofluid – A potential alternative to conventional heat transfer fluids. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Raviadaran R, Ng MH, Chandran D, Ooi KK, Manickam S. Stable W/O/W multiple nanoemulsion encapsulating natural tocotrienols and caffeic acid with cisplatin synergistically treated cancer cell lines (A549 and HEP G2) and reduced toxicity on normal cell line (HEK 293). Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2020; 121:111808. [PMID: 33579452 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the effects of encapsulated tocotrienols (TRF) and caffeic acid (CA) in water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) multiple nanoemulsion with cisplatin towards cancer cells. This work is important considering the limited efficacy of cisplatin due to tumour resistance, as well as its severe side effects. A549 and HEP G2 cancer cell lines were utilised for evaluating the efficacy of the encapsulated W/O/W while HEK 293 normal cell line was used for evaluating the toxicity. TRF, CA and CIS synergistically improved apoptosis in the late apoptotic phase in A549 and HEP G2 by 23.1% and 24.9%, respectively. The generation of ROS was enhanced using TRF:CA:CIS by 16.9% and 30.2% for A549 and HEP G2, respectively. Cell cycle analysis showed an enhanced cell arrest in the G0/G1 phase for both A549 and HEP G2. TRF, CA and CIS led to cell death in A549 and HEP G2. For HEK 293, ~33% cell viability was found when only CIS was used while >95% cell viability was observed when TRF, CA and CIS were used. This study demonstrates that the encapsulated TRF and CA in W/O/W with CIS synergistically improved therapeutic efficacy towards cancer cells, as well as lowered the toxicity effects towards normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathi Raviadaran
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), 6 Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mei Han Ng
- Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), 6 Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Davannendran Chandran
- Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kah Kooi Ooi
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials (RCCM), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.
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Raviadaran R, Ng MH, Manickam S, Chandran D. Ultrasound-assisted production of palm oil-based isotonic W/O/W multiple nanoemulsion encapsulating both hydrophobic tocotrienols and hydrophilic caffeic acid with enhanced stability using oil-based Sucragel. Ultrason Sonochem 2020; 64:104995. [PMID: 32106064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.104995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the effects of thickeners and tonicity towards producing stable palm oil-based water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) multiple nanoemulsion using ultrasound and microfluidizer were investigated. Palm oil, Sucragel, polyglycerol polyricinoleate, Tween 80, Xanthan gum, and NaCl were used. W/O/W was formed under the optimized conditions of ultrasound at 40% amplitude and for 180 s of irradiation time, whereas for the microfluidizer, the optimized conditions were 350 bar and 8 cycles. This is the first work that successfully utilized Sucragel (oil-based thickener) in imparting enhanced stability in W/O/W. W/O/W with isotonic stabilization produced the lowest change in the mean droplet diameter (MDD), NaCl concentration, and water content by 1.5%, 2.6%, and 0.4%, respectively, due to reduced water movement. The final optimized W/O/W possessed MDD and dispersity index of 175.5 ± 9.8 and 0.232 ± 0.012, respectively. The future direction of formulating stable W/O/W would be by employing oil phase thickeners and isotonicity. The observed ~12 times lesser energy consumed by ultrasound than microfluidizer to generate a comparable droplet size of ~235 nm, further confirms its potential in generating the droplets energy-efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathi Raviadaran
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Malaysian Palm Oil Board, No. 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mei Han Ng
- Malaysian Palm Oil Board, No. 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Davannendran Chandran
- Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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Raviadaran R, Ng MH, Manickam S, Chandran D. Ultrasound-assisted water-in-palm oil nano-emulsion: Influence of polyglycerol polyricinoleate and NaCl on its stability. Ultrason Sonochem 2019; 52:353-363. [PMID: 30555038 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to formulate a stable palm oil-based water-in-oil (W/O) nano-emulsion. Emphasis was placed on the effects of polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR), medium chain triglyceride (MCT), lecithin and sodium chloride (NaCl) addition towards the stability of nano-emulsion. Among the performed analyses were mean droplet diameter (MDD), dispersity index (DI), critical micelle concentration (CMC), lipid peroxidation, viscosity, sedimentation index (SI) and surface morphology. The most stable optimized palm oil-based W/O nano-emulsion was produced using 61.25 wt% of palm oil, 26.25 wt% of MCT, 2.5 wt% of PGPR and 10 wt% of water (0.5 M of NaCl). The MDD and DI of the obtained W/O nano-emulsion were 143.1 ± 8.8 and 0.131 ± 0.094, respectively. After 2 weeks, no sedimentation was observed in W/O nano-emulsion with MDD and DI were 151.2 ± 6.5 nm and 0.156 ± 0.025 respectively. This study clearly found that polyricinoleate non-polar fatty acids of PGPR bound to non-polar fatty acids of palm oil through van der Waals intermolecular forces. While, polyglycerol polar head of PGPR interacts with water molecules through hydrogen bonding, as well as by the bound glyceride units of palm oil. The addition of NaCl further reduced MDD by 70 nm and improved the stability of nano-emulsion through electrostatic and steric repulsions attributed to the dissociation of Na+ and Cl- ions. This study aids to widen the knowledge and interest on the utilization of palm oil for the generation of W/O nano-emulsion, as well as to better understand the interaction between palm oil and PGPR/NaCl in producing nano-emulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathi Raviadaran
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), 6 Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mei Han Ng
- Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), 6 Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Davannendran Chandran
- Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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Chandran D, Khalid M, Walvekar R, Mubarak NM, Dharaskar S, Wong WY, Gupta TCSM. Deep eutectic solvents for extraction-desulphurization: A review. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Raviadaran R, Chandran D, Shin LH, Manickam S. Optimization of palm oil in water nano-emulsion with curcumin using microfluidizer and response surface methodology. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Kolliakou A, Ball M, Derczynski L, Chandran D, Gkotsis G, Deluca P, Jackson R, Shetty H, Stewart R. Novel psychoactive substances: An investigation of temporal trends in social media and electronic health records. Eur Psychiatry 2016; 38:15-21. [PMID: 27611330 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Public health monitoring is commonly undertaken in social media but has never been combined with data analysis from electronic health records. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the emergence of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) in social media and their appearance in a large mental health database. METHODS Insufficient numbers of mentions of other NPS in case records meant that the study focused on mephedrone. Data were extracted on the number of mephedrone (i) references in the clinical record at the South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, UK, (ii) mentions in Twitter, (iii) related searches in Google and (iv) visits in Wikipedia. The characteristics of current mephedrone users in the clinical record were also established. RESULTS Increased activity related to mephedrone searches in Google and visits in Wikipedia preceded a peak in mephedrone-related references in the clinical record followed by a spike in the other 3 data sources in early 2010, when mephedrone was assigned a 'class B' status. Features of current mephedrone users widely matched those from community studies. CONCLUSIONS Combined analysis of information from social media and data from mental health records may assist public health and clinical surveillance for certain substance-related events of interest. There exists potential for early warning systems for health-care practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kolliakou
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - M Ball
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - L Derczynski
- Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - D Chandran
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - G Gkotsis
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P Deluca
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - R Jackson
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - H Shetty
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - R Stewart
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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Chandran D, Wildermuth M. Modulation of Host Endocycle During Plant–Biotroph Interactions. Developmental Signaling in Plants 2016; 40:65-103. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.enz.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Abstract
Synthetic biology is an engineering discipline that builds on our mechanistic understanding of molecular biology to program microbes to carry out new functions. Such predictable manipulation of a cell requires modeling and experimental techniques to work together. The modeling component of synthetic biology allows one to design biological circuits and analyze its expected behavior. The experimental component merges models with real systems by providing quantitative data and sets of available biological 'parts' that can be used to construct circuits. Sufficient progress has been made in the combined use of modeling and experimental methods, which reinforces the idea of being able to use engineered microbes as a technological platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Chandran
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, William H. Foege Building, Box 355061, Room N210E, Seattle, WA 98195-5061, USA
| | - W.B. Copeland
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, William H. Foege Building, Box 355061, Room N210E, Seattle, WA 98195-5061, USA
| | - S.C. Sleight
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, William H. Foege Building, Box 355061, Room N210E, Seattle, WA 98195-5061, USA
| | - H.M. Sauro
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, William H. Foege Building, Box 355061, Room N210E, Seattle, WA 98195-5061, USA
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