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Padane A, Mbow M, Mboup A, Diedhiou C, Gueye K, Lo C, Ndiour S, Leye N, Ndoye A, Selbé Ndiaye A, Diagne N, Ndiaye S, Beye M, Sarr M, Lo G, Wade D, Ahouidi A, Diaw P, Camara M, Touré Kane N, Mboup S. Rapidly rising cases with omicron In Senegal. New Microbes New Infect 2022; 45:100959. [PMID: 35242337 PMCID: PMC8866144 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2022.100959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Omicron variant continues to progress in Senegal with the appearance of new contaminations. IRESSEF detected the first positive case of the Omicron variant on Friday, December 3, 2021. Since this date, the number of Omicron variant infections has increased over the weeks. Molecular surveillance of the Omicron variant is carried out in real time to inform the medical authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Padane
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Corresponding author: A. Padane, Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal. Tel.: +221 775080727; fax: +221 338502017.
| | - M. Mbow
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
- Service d'Immunologie FMPO, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - A. Mboup
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
| | - C.K. Diedhiou
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
| | - K. Gueye
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
| | - C.I. Lo
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - S. Ndiour
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
| | - N. Leye
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
| | - A.S. Ndoye
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
| | - A.J. Selbé Ndiaye
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
| | - N.D. Diagne
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
| | - S. Ndiaye
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
| | - M. Beye
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - M. Sarr
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - G. Lo
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
| | - D. Wade
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
| | - A. Ahouidi
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
| | - P.A. Diaw
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
| | - M. Camara
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
| | - N.C. Touré Kane
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
| | - S. Mboup
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
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Huang HT, Adelman E, Wade D, Gaidosh G, Shiekhattar R, Figueroa M. 2035 – AGE-RELATED DOWNREGULATION OF LMNA IMPACTS HUMAN HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL FUNCTION. Exp Hematol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Stevens B, Wade D. A response to a Letter to the Editor re: Improving Continuing Professional Development opportunities for radiographers: A single centre evaluation. Radiography (Lond) 2017; 23:269. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Dow-Edwards D, Frank A, Wade D, Weedon J, Izenwasser S. Sexually-dimorphic alterations in cannabinoid receptor density depend upon prenatal/early postnatal history. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2016; 58:31-39. [PMID: 27634313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent research has demonstrated that the endogenous cannabinoid system is central to the brain's response to stress. As part of an ongoing collaboration, we sought to examine the effects of prenatal and early postnatal rearing and housing conditions on developing endocannabinoid systems. We compare brain cannabinoid receptors (CBR) in offspring of either prenatal vehicle intubated or non-treated dams (Experiment 1) or in rats derived from a vendor and shipped at weaning to a collaborating lab (Experiment 2). From postnatal day (PND) 23, all rats were either housed in isolated conditions or enriched conditions with 3 rats/cage and a variety of stimulus objects changed twice a week. All rats underwent 5days of handling as controls for a behavior study and all rats were sacrificed at approximately PND48-50 within 2hours of the last behavioral test. All brains were processed together for CB1 receptor binding using 3H CP55,940 in prefrontal cortex, striatum, amygdala and hippocampus. Conditions in the two labs were as similar as possible since the two studies were intentionally designed to be comparable and contemporary. Results show that 1) comparing offspring of non-treated dams to offspring of dams receiving daily vehicle intubations, males show decreased CB1 binding in most brain regions while females only showed alterations in the hippocampus and these were increases in the offspring of the vehicle-intubated dams. 2) When comparing offspring of non-treated dams in NY with those derived from a vendor, shipped and maintained in the collaborating lab, this latter group showed reduced CB1 binding in prefrontal cortex in males and increased binding in all four brain regions in females. Therefore, overall, both prenatal handling (intubations) and being vendor-derived, shipped and maintained in a collaborating facility reduced CB1 receptors in males and increased them in females in key limbic brain regions. Effects of environmental enrichment or isolation were minor with only the prefrontal cortex showing an increase in binding in the isolated animals that were offspring of the vehicle-intubated dams. These results support the ideas that prenatal/early postnatal conditions produce different effects in males and females and override the effects of enrichment/isolation on cannabinoid receptors. Behavioral responses to cannabinoid challenges would therefore be expected to vary depending on sex, prenatal/early postnatal history and postweaning conditions of the rats. Since exogenous cannabinoids act through the CBR, the present data may provide a molecular basis for discrepant behavioral effects reported across various labs in the literature as well as sex differences seen following stress and/or manipulation of the cannabinoid system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Dow-Edwards
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, M S 29, 450 Clarkson Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
| | - Ashley Frank
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Room 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Dean Wade
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Room 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jeremy Weedon
- Scientific Computing Center, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Sari Izenwasser
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Room 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Wade
- Rivermead Rehabilitation Centre, Oxford
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Silva L, Harte-Hargrove L, Izenwasser S, Frank A, Wade D, Dow-Edwards D. Sex-specific alterations in hippocampal cannabinoid 1 receptor expression following adolescent delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol treatment in the rat. Neurosci Lett 2015; 602:89-94. [PMID: 26118897 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Marijuana use by adolescents has been on the rise since the early 1990s. With recent legalization and decriminalization acts passed, cannabinoid exposure in adolescents will undoubtedly increase. Human studies are limited in their ability to examine underlying changes in brain biochemistry making rodent models valuable. Studies in adult and adolescent animals show region and sex specific downregulation of the cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptor following chronic cannabinoid treatment. However, although sex-dependent changes in behavior have been observed during the drug abstinence period following adolescent cannabinoid exposure, little is known about CB1 receptor expression during this critical time. In order to characterize CB1 receptor expression following chronic adolescent Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) exposure, we used [(3)H] CP55,940 binding to assess CB1 receptor expression in the dentate gyrus and areas CA1, CA2, and CA3 of the hippocampus in both male and female adolescent rats at both 24h and 2 weeks post chronic THC treatment. Consistent with other reported findings, we found downregulation of the CB1 receptor in the hippocampal formation at 24h post treatment. While this downregulation persisted in both sexes following two weeks of abstinence in the CA2 region, in females, this downregulation also persisted in areas CA1 and CA3. Expression in the dentate gyrus returned to the normal range by two weeks. These data suggest that selective regions of the hippocampus show persistent reductions in CB1 receptor expression and that these reductions are more widespread in female compared to male adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Silva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 450Clarkson Ave, Mail Stop 29, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Lauren Harte-Hargrove
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 450Clarkson Ave, Mail Stop 29, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Sari Izenwasser
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Room 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Ashley Frank
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Room 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Dean Wade
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Room 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Diana Dow-Edwards
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 450Clarkson Ave, Mail Stop 29, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
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Lenoir M, Starosciak AK, Ledon J, Booth C, Zakharova E, Wade D, Vignoli B, Izenwasser S. Sex differences in conditioned nicotine reward are age-specific. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015; 132:56-62. [PMID: 25735492 PMCID: PMC4552616 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Women constitute half of all smokers and many studies suggest that adult males and females differ in factors that maintain tobacco smoking, yet there is limited information about sex differences in nicotine reward during adolescence. Limited studies suggest that adolescent male rats self-administer more nicotine than adults, suggesting that drug administration during adolescence leads to different behavioral effects than during adulthood. In the present study, male rats developed a significant conditioned place preference (CPP) to lower doses of nicotine than females, regardless of age. In addition, adolescents were more sensitive than adults. In female rats, adolescents exhibited a CPP of greater magnitude than adult females. In males, the magnitude of the CPP did not differ as a function of age, but adolescents exhibited CPP to lower doses than adults. There also were differences in nicotinic acetylcholinergic receptor binding in nucleus accumbens and caudate putamen in response to nicotine across age and sex. These findings suggest that it is necessary to consider sex- and age-specific effects of drugs such as nicotine when developing strategies for improving smoking cessation treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magalie Lenoir
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Rm 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Amy K Starosciak
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Rm 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jennifer Ledon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Rm 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Caitlin Booth
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Rm 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Elena Zakharova
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Rm 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Dean Wade
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Rm 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Beatrice Vignoli
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Rm 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sari Izenwasser
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Rm 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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Wade D, Moon Z, Windgassen S, Weinman J. Nonpharmacological interventions to reduce short-term or long-term psychological stress in ICU patients: a systematic review. Crit Care 2015. [PMCID: PMC4471242 DOI: 10.1186/cc14636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Marquez Rodriguez P, Troisgros O, Bejotb Y, Shoaib R, Ellis H, Wade D. A new scale measuring complexity in neurologic rehabilitation patients: Oxford Case Complexity Assessment Measure (OCCAM). Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Brands I, Köhler S, Stapert S, Wade D, Heugten C. How flexible is coping after acquired brain injury? A 1-year prospective study investigating coping patterns and influence of self-efficacy, executive functioning and self-awareness. J Rehabil Med 2014; 46:869-75. [DOI: 10.2340/16501977-1849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Nikolic M, Lok L, Mattishent K, Barth S, Yung B, Cummings N, Shulgina L, Wade D, Shittu M, Vali Y, Chong K, Wilkinson A, Mikolasch T, Brij S, Jenkins S, Kamath A, Pasteur M, Wason J, Marciniak SJ. S82 Multi-centre prospective comparison of the BTS and ACCP guidelines to determine size in primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Thorax 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204457.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Troisgros O, Bejot Y, Marquez Rodriguez P, Shoaib R, Ellis H, Wade D. Validation d’une échelle évaluant la complexité de la maladie à l’échelon du patient : The Oxford Case Complexity Assessment Measure (OCCAM). Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2013.07.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gage H, Grainger L, Ting S, Williams P, Chorley C, Carey G, Borg N, Bryan K, Castleton B, Trend P, Kaye J, Khan S, Wade D. Care assistant support following specialist rehabilitation for people with Parkinson's and carers in the community: Findings from the SPIRIT RCT. J Neurol Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.1953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Thaxton A, Izenwasser S, Wade D, Stevens ED, Mobley DL, Jaber V, Lomenzo SA, Trudell ML. 3-Aryl-3-arylmethoxyazetidines. A new class of high affinity ligands for monoamine transporters. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:4404-7. [PMID: 23806554 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of 3-aryl-3-arylmethoxy-azetidines were synthesized and evaluated for binding affinities at dopamine and serotonin transporters. The 3-aryl-3-arylmethoxyazetidines were generally SERT selective with the dichloro substituted congener 7c (Ki=1.0 nM) and the tetrachloro substituted derivative 7i (Ki=1.3 nM) possessing low nanomolar affinity for the SERT. The 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl-3-phenylmethoxyazetidine (7g) exhibited moderate affinity at both DAT and SERT transporters and suggests that substitution of the aryl rings can be used to tune the mononamine transporter affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Thaxton
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
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Wade D, Hardy R, Howell D, Mythen M. Identifying clinical and acute psychological risk factors for PTSD after critical care: a systematic review. Minerva Anestesiol 2013; 79:944-963. [PMID: 23558761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients may suffer extreme psychological reactions in intensive care units (ICU), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after leaving hospital. Previous systematic reviews of studies up to 2007 found that the true prevalence of and consistent risk factors for PTSD after ICU were not established, due to methodological shortcomings of studies. Therefore we aimed to conduct a systematic review of observational studies of post-ICU PTSD from 2008-2012, and to compare them to 1997-2007 studies, with regard to quality, prevalence estimates and risk factors. METHODS We used a pre-specified protocol, and systematic, explicit methods to identify, select and critically appraise studies. Studies in general ICU settings with mixed-diagnosis patients (N.>30) were included. Risk of bias was assessed, with lower-risk studies given greater weight. No quantitative synthesis was possible due to heterogeneity, therefore ranges of estimates and frequencies of risk factors were examined. RESULTS The review included 26 papers, 13 from 1997-2007 and 13 from 2008-2012. There were more high quality studies in the latter period. The range of prevalence estimates from high-quality studies was similar; 8% to 27% (1997-2007) and 9% to 27% (2008-2012). Clinical risk factors consistently identified over the two periods were use of benzodiazepines, duration of sedation and mechanical ventilation. Psychological risk factors include stress and fear experienced acutely in ICU, and frightening memories of the admission. CONCLUSION The quality and number of post-ICU PTSD studies has increased over time, and we can be more confident in the accumulated findings. Evidence from both periods suggests that up to 27% of ICU survivors suffer from PTSD. There is also increasing evidence that use of benzodiazepines and duration of sedation, along with fear, stress and delirium in the ICU are likely risk factors for subsequent PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Wade
- The Critical Care Unit, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust UCLH, London NW1 2BU, UK.
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Dow-Edwards D, Frank A, Wade D, Izenwasser S. Prenatal/early postnatal history affects cannabinoid receptors in adolescent rats. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2013.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Caring for a patient with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with poor quality of life and deteriorating health for the caregiver. METHODS This comprehensive review was performed to investigate the current literature on caregiver burden, factors affecting caregiver burden and the effectiveness of different types of intervention. RESULTS Successful psychoeducational interventions for caregivers have included provision of information about AD, care planning, advice about patient management and the importance of self-care, skills training to aid patient management, stress management training, and problem-solving and decision-making guidance. CONCLUSION Interventions that are individually tailored to the caregiver are particularly effective at reducing caregiver burden and should be further investigated. The use of effective pharmacological treatment for the improvement and/or stabilisation of AD symptoms in the patient is also likely to improve caregiver burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Beinart
- Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, UK
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Papudippu M, Shu H, Izenwasser S, Wade D, Gulasey G, Fournet S, Stevens ED, Lomenzo SA, Trudell ML. Regioselective synthesis and cannabinoid receptor binding affinity of N-alkylated 4,5-diaryl-1,2,3-triazoles. Med Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-012-9991-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zakharova E, Starosciak A, Wade D, Izenwasser S. Sex differences in the effects of social and physical environment on novelty-induced exploratory behavior and cocaine-stimulated locomotor activity in adolescent rats. Behav Brain Res 2012; 230:92-9. [PMID: 22327184 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Revised: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Many factors influence the rewarding effects of drugs such as cocaine. The present study was done to determine whether social and environmental factors alter behavior in adolescent male and female rats. On postnatal day (PND) 23, rats were housed in one of several same-sex conditions. Both social (number of rats per cage) and environmental (availability of toys) factors were manipulated. Socially isolated rats were housed alone (1 rat/cage) in an environment that either was impoverished (with no toys; II) or enriched (with toys; IE). Standard housing for these studies was social and impoverished, which was 2 rats/cage with no toys (SI2). Other rats were housed 2/cage with toys (SE2), or 3/cage with (SE3) or without (SI3) toys. On PND 37, novelty-induced locomotor activity was measured for 30min. On PND 44-46, locomotor activity in response to an injection of 5mg/kg cocaine was measured for 60min each day. For male rats, only social conditions altered novelty-induced activity. Males housed in groups of three had the most activity, compared to pair-housed and isolated rats. For females, social and environmental enrichment interacted to alter novelty-induced activity. In contrast to males, isolated females had increased activity, compared to group-housed females. Further, isolated females in impoverished environments had more activity than isolated females in enriched environments and group-housed females in impoverished environments. The effect of environmental enrichment on cocaine-stimulated locomotor activity was altered depending upon the number of rats living in a cage for males. For females, only social conditions altered cocaine-stimulated behavior, with activity increasing with the number of rats in the cage, regardless of environmental enrichment. These data show that social and environmental enrichment differentially alter novelty-induced and cocaine-stimulated locomotor activity in adolescent male and female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Zakharova
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Rm 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Cararas SA, Izenwasser S, Wade D, Housman A, Verma A, Lomenzo SA, Trudell ML. Further structure-activity relationship studies on 8-substituted-3-[2-(diarylmethoxyethylidenyl)]-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane derivatives at monoamine transporters. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:7551-8. [PMID: 22055716 PMCID: PMC3230044 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 10/05/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 8-substituted-3-[2-(diarylmethoxyethylidenyl)]-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane derivatives were investigated at the dopamine transporter (DAT), the serotonin transporter (SERT) and norepinephrine transporter (NET). The rigid ethylidenyl-8-azabicyclic[3.2.1]octane skeleton imparted modestly stereoselective binding and uptake inhibition at the DAT. Additional structure-activity studies provided a transporter affinity profile that was reminiscent of the structure-activity of GBR 12909. From these studies, the 8-cyclopropylmethyl group has been identified as a unique moiety that imparts high SERT/DAT selectivity. In this study the 8-cyclopropylmethyl derivative 22e (DAT K(i) of 4.0 nM) was among the most potent compounds of the series at the DAT and was the most DAT selective ligand of the series (SERT/DAT: 1060). Similarly, the 8-chlorobenzyl derivative 22g (DAT K(i) of 3.9 nM) was found to be highly selective for the DAT over the NET (NET/DAT: 1358).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaine A. Cararas
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148
| | - Sari Izenwasser
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
| | - Dean Wade
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
| | - Amy Housman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
| | - Abha Verma
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148
| | - Stacey A. Lomenzo
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148
| | - Mark L. Trudell
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148
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Edwards J, Cocks J, Burnett P, Maud D, Wong L, Yuen HP, Harrigan SM, Herrman-Doig T, Murphy B, Wade D, McGorry PD. Randomized Controlled Trial of Clozapine and CBT for First-Episode Psychosis with Enduring Positive Symptoms: A Pilot Study. Schizophr Res Treatment 2011; 2011:394896. [PMID: 22937265 PMCID: PMC3420683 DOI: 10.1155/2011/394896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2010] [Accepted: 01/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Here we report the results of a pilot study investigating the relative and combined effects of a 12 week course of clozapine and CBT in first-episode psychosis patients with prominent ongoing positive symptoms following their initial treatment. Patients from our early psychosis service who met the inclusion criteria (n = 48) were randomized to one of four treatment groups: clozapine, clozapine plus CBT, thioridazine, or thioridazine plus CBT. The degree of psychopathology and functionality of all participants was measured at baseline then again at 6, 12 and 24 weeks, and the treatment outcomes for each group determined by statistical analysis. A substantial proportion (52%) of those treated with clozapine achieved symptomatic remission, as compared to 35% of those who were treated with thioridazine. Overall, those who received clozapine responded more rapidly to treatment than those receiving the alternative treatments. Interestingly, during the early treatment phase CBT appeared to reduce the intensity of both positive and negative symptoms and thus the time taken to respond to treatment, as well having as a stabilizing effect over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Edwards
- OrygenYouth Health Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - J. Cocks
- OrygenYouth Health Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - P. Burnett
- OrygenYouth Health Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - D. Maud
- OrygenYouth Health Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - L. Wong
- OrygenYouth Health Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - H. P. Yuen
- OrygenYouth Health Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - S. M. Harrigan
- OrygenYouth Health Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - T. Herrman-Doig
- OrygenYouth Health Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - B. Murphy
- OrygenYouth Health Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - D. Wade
- OrygenYouth Health Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - P. D. McGorry
- OrygenYouth Health Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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22
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Gu X, Izenwasser S, Wade D, Housman A, Gulasey G, Rhoden JB, Savoie CD, Mobley DL, Lomenzo SA, Trudell ML. Synthesis and structure-activity studies of benzyl ester meperidine and normeperidine derivatives as selective serotonin transporter ligands. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:8356-64. [PMID: 20980153 PMCID: PMC3713777 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Revised: 09/21/2010] [Accepted: 09/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of benzyl esters of meperidine and normeperidine were synthesized and evaluated for binding affinity at serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine transporters. The 4-methoxybenzyl ester 8b and 4-nitrobenzyl ester 8c in the meperidine series and 4-methoxybenzyl ester 14a in the normeperidine series exhibited low nanomolar binding affinities at the SERT (K(i) values <2nM) and high SERT selectivity (DAT/SERT >1500 and NET/SERT >1500).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Gu
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
| | - Sari Izenwasser
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami FL 33136, USA
| | - Dean Wade
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami FL 33136, USA
| | - Amy Housman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami FL 33136, USA
| | - Gerard Gulasey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami FL 33136, USA
| | - Jill B. Rhoden
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
| | | | - David L. Mobley
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
| | - Stacey A. Lomenzo
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
| | - Mark L. Trudell
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
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Alvarez-Jiménez M, Gleeson JF, Cotton SM, Wade D, Crisp K, Yap MBH, McGorry PD. Differential predictors of critical comments and emotional over-involvement in first-episode psychosis. Psychol Med 2010; 40:63-72. [PMID: 19079825 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291708004765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little research has focused on delineating the specific predictors of emotional over-involvement (EOI) and critical comments (CC) in the early course of psychosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differential relationships of EOI and CC with relevant predictors in relatives of first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients. METHOD Baseline patient-related factors including psychotic symptoms, depression and duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) and carer attributes comprising CC, EOI, burden of care and carers' stress and depression were assessed in a cohort of 63 remitted FEP patients and their relatives. Carers were reassessed at 7 months follow-up. RESULTS Baseline analysis showed that EOI was more strongly correlated with family stress compared with CC, whereas CC yielded a stronger association with DUP than EOI. Carers' CC at follow-up was not significantly predicted by either baseline family stress, burden of care or patient-related variables. Conversely, baseline EOI predicted both family stress and burden of care at 7 months follow-up. Finally, family burden of care at follow-up was a function of baseline EOI and patients' depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS This study provides preliminary support to the postulate that EOI and CC may be influenced by separate factors early in the course of psychosis and warrant future research and therapeutic interventions as separate constructs. Implications for family interventions in the early phase of psychosis and the prevention of CC and EOI are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alvarez-Jiménez
- ORYGEN Youth Health Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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24
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Kaur H, Izenwasser S, Verma A, Wade D, Housman A, Stevens ED, Mobley DL, Trudell ML. Synthesis and monoamine transporter affinity of 3alpha-arylmethoxy-3beta-arylnortropanes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:6865-8. [PMID: 19896846 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.10.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2009] [Revised: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 10/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of 3-arylnortrop-2-enes and 3alpha-arylmethoxy-3beta-arylnortropanes were synthesized and evaluated for binding affinity at monoamine transporters. The 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)nortrop-2-ene (6e) exhibited high affinity for the SERT (K(i)=0.3 nM). The 3alpha-arylmethoxy-3beta-arylnortropanes were generally SERT selective with the 3alpha-(3.4-dichlorophenylmethoxy)-3betaphenylnortrop-2-ene (7c) possessing subnanomolar potency (K(i)=0.061 nM). However, 3alpha-(3,4-dichlorophenylmethoxy)-3beta-phenylnortrop-2-ene (7b) exhibited high affinity at all three transporters [(DAT K(i)=22 nM), (SERT K(i)=6 nM) and (NET K(i)=101 nM)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Harneet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
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25
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Zakharova E, Miller J, Unterwald E, Wade D, Izenwasser S. Social and physical environment alter cocaine conditioned place preference and dopaminergic markers in adolescent male rats. Neuroscience 2009; 163:890-7. [PMID: 19580849 PMCID: PMC2746859 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2009] [Revised: 06/28/2009] [Accepted: 06/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study was done to determine whether social and environmental factors alter cocaine reward and proteins implicated in mediating drug reward in rats during early adolescence. On postnatal day (PND) 23, rats were housed under conditions where both social (number of rats per cage) and environmental (availability of toys) factors were manipulated. Socially isolated rats were housed alone impoverished with no toys (II) or enriched with toys (IE). Social rats were housed two rats/cage with no toys (SI2) or with toys (SE2), or three/cage with (SE3) or without (SI3) toys. On PND 43, cocaine conditioned place preference (CPP) sessions began with the post-test done on PND 47. Cocaine CPP was established in response to 5 or 10 mg/kg cocaine in II rats, and CPP was decreased with the addition of cage mates or toys. No CPP was seen to any dose in SI3 or SE3 rats. Enriched housing (SE3) increased dopamine transporter (DAT) protein in the nucleus accumbens compared to II. There also were differential effects of cocaine on tyrosine hydroxylase and DAT depending on housing, with both increased by cocaine in II but not SE3 rats. DARPP-32 was unchanged by housing or cocaine, while phospho-Thr(34)-DARPP-32 was increased by cocaine treatment across conditions. Thus, both social and environmental enrichment decrease cocaine CPP during adolescence and different housing alters proteins that regulate dopaminergic neurotransmission in a manner that may account for the observed differences in cocaine-induced reward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Zakharova
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10 Avenue, Rm 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jonathan Miller
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University School of Medicine, 3420 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Ellen Unterwald
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Substance Abuse Research, Temple University School of Medicine, 3420 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Dean Wade
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10 Avenue, Rm 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sari Izenwasser
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10 Avenue, Rm 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136, USA
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26
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Werling LL, Reed SC, Wade D, Izenwasser S. Chronic nicotine alters cannabinoid-mediated locomotor activity and receptor density in periadolescent but not adult male rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2009; 27:263-9. [PMID: 19167478 PMCID: PMC2652510 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2008.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2008] [Revised: 12/23/2008] [Accepted: 12/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant number of youths use cigarettes, and more than half of the youths who smoke daily also use illicit drugs. The focus of these studies is on how exposure to nicotine affects subsequent responses to both nicotine and cannabinoids in adolescents compared with adults. We have shown previously that chronic treatment with nicotine produces sensitization to its locomotor-activating effects in female and adult rats but not male adolescent rats. To better understand the effects of nicotine on adolescent and adult rats, rats were injected with nicotine or saline for 7 days and, on day 8, either challenged with delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta 9-THC) or the cannabinoid agonist CP 55,940 and tested for locomotor activity, or the brains were removed for quantitative autoradiography studies of the cannabinoid(1) receptor. A separate group of rats was treated with nicotine plus the cannabinoid antagonist AM 251 and then challenged with CP 55,940. In adolescent male rats, nicotine administration led to sensitization to the locomotor-decreasing effects of both Delta 9-THC and CP 55,940, but in adult male rats, the response to either drug was unchanged compared to controls. The effect of nicotine on CP 55,940-mediated locomotor activity was blocked by co-administration of AM 251 with the nicotine. Further, cannabinoid receptor density was increased in the prelimbic prefrontal cortex, ventral tegmental area, and select regions of the hippocampus in adolescent male rats pretreated with nicotine compared to vehicle-treated controls. There were no significant changes in cannabinoid receptor binding, however, in any of the brain regions examined in adult males pretreated with nicotine. The prelimbic prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus have been shown previously to be involved in stimulant reinforcement; thus it is possible that these changes contribute to the unique behavioral effects of chronic nicotine and subsequent drug administration in adolescents compared with adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda L. Werling
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2300 Eye Street NW, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Stephanie Collins Reed
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10 Avenue, Room 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Dean Wade
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10 Avenue, Room 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sari Izenwasser
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10 Avenue, Room 4113A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136, USA
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27
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Zhang S, Cheng J, Liu Y, Xu L, Trudell ML, Izenwasser S, Wade D. Synthesis and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor affinity of bivalent tropane-3-carboxylates. J Heterocycl Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570440629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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28
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Cheng J, Xu L, Stevens ED, Trudell ML, Izenwasser S, Wade D. Stereoselective synthesis of conformationally constrained tropane analogues: 6-Chloro-2,5-diazatetracyclo[8.5.0.02,13.04,9]pentadeca-4,6,8-triene-11-one and 6-chloro-2,7-diazatetracyclo-[8.5.0.02,13.04,9]pentadeca-4,6,8-triene-11-one. J Heterocycl Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570410414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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29
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Shu H, Izenwasser S, Wade D, Stevens ED, Trudell ML. Synthesis and CB1 cannabinoid receptor affinity of 4-alkoxycarbonyl-1,5-diaryl-1,2,3-triazoles. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:891-3. [PMID: 19097888 PMCID: PMC2631625 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.11.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2008] [Revised: 11/24/2008] [Accepted: 11/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of 4-alkoxycarbonyl-1,5-diaryl-1,2,3-triazoles were synthesized regioselectively using click chemistry and evaluated at CB1 cannabinoid receptors. The n-propyl ester 11 (K(i)=4.6 nM) and phenyl ester 14 (K(i)=11 nM) exhibited the most potent affinity of the series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Shu
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, 2000 Lakeshore Drive, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
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30
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Zakharova E, Wade D, Izenwasser S. Sensitivity to cocaine conditioned reward depends on sex and age. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2008; 92:131-4. [PMID: 19032962 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2008.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2008] [Revised: 10/27/2008] [Accepted: 11/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Human and animal laboratory studies show that females and males respond differently to drugs and that drug administration during adolescence leads to different behavioral effects than during adulthood. Adult female rats are more sensitive to the behavioral effects of cocaine than adult males, but it is not known if the same effect of sex exists during adolescence. In the present study, sensitivity to the conditioned reward of cocaine was evaluated using a conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm where adolescent (PND 34) and adult (PND 66) male and female rats were trained and tested for the development of CPP to multiple doses of cocaine. Female rats developed CPP at lower doses than males, regardless of age. In addition, adolescent male and female rats established a CPP at lower doses of cocaine than adult male and female rats, respectively. Thus, both age and sex altered cocaine conditioned reward with the order of sensitivity being adolescent females > adult females > adolescent males > adult males. These data show that adolescents are more sensitive to the conditioned rewarding properties of cocaine than adults and that females respond to lower doses of cocaine compared to males regardless of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Zakharova
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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32
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Baker M, Axelrod L, Bryan K, Gage H, Kaye J, Trend P, Wade D. 3.407 Provision of community services for people with Parkinson's disease: A qualitative study of patient and carer perceptions. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(08)70909-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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33
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Romualdi P, Di Benedetto M, D'Addario C, Collins SL, Wade D, Candeletti S, Izenwasser S. Chronic cocaine produces decreases in N/OFQ peptide levels in select rat brain regions. J Mol Neurosci 2007; 31:159-64. [PMID: 17478889 DOI: 10.1385/jmn/31:02:159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2006] [Revised: 08/30/2006] [Accepted: 08/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of opioids and stimulants is well established; however, the mechanisms that underlie the role that opioid receptors play in psychostimulant action are not. Nociceptin/orphaninFQ (N/OFQ), the endogenous agonist at NOP receptors, attenuates the behavioral effects of cocaine. The effects of cocaine on N/OFQ were examined in rats using immunoautoradiographic and RIA techniques. Chronic administration of cocaine decreased N/OFQ in medial regions of the caudate putamen, the nucleus accumbens shell, and the substantia nigra. These studies show that N/OFQ levels are altered by treatment with cocaine. Furthermore, the changes in N/OFQ parallel those seen for kappa-opioid receptors, suggesting that the interactions between cocaine and these systems might be similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Romualdi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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34
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Åberg M, Wade D, Wall E, Izenwasser S. Effect of MDMA (ecstasy) on activity and cocaine conditioned place preference in adult and adolescent rats. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2006; 29:37-46. [PMID: 17049207 PMCID: PMC1817672 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2006.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2006] [Revised: 08/08/2006] [Accepted: 09/04/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
MDMA (ecstasy) is a drug commonly used in adolescence, and many users of MDMA also use other illicit drugs. It is not known whether MDMA during adolescence alters subsequent responses to cocaine differently than in adults. This study examined the effects of MDMA in adolescent and adult rats on cocaine conditioned reward. At the start of these experiments, adolescent rats were at postnatal day (PND) 33 and adult rats at PND 60. Each rat was treated for 7 days with MDMA (2 or 5 mg/kg/day or vehicle) and locomotor activity was measured. Five days later cocaine conditioned place preference (CPP) was begun. Rats were trained for 3 days, in the morning with saline and in the afternoon with 10 mg/kg cocaine in 30 min sessions, and tested on the fourth day. MDMA stimulated activity in both age groups, but with a greater effect in the adult rats. Sensitization to the locomotor-stimulant effects of the lower dose of MDMA occurred in adult rats and in both groups to the higher dose. Cocaine did not produce a CPP in vehicle-treated adolescent rats, but a significant CPP was observed subsequent to treatment with MDMA. In contrast, cocaine-induced CPP was diminished after MDMA in adult rats. These effects were still evident 2 weeks later upon retest. Thus, under the present conditions, MDMA increased cocaine conditioned reward in adolescent and decreased it in adult rats. These findings suggest that exposure to MDMA during this critical developmental period may carry a greater risk than during adulthood and that male adolescents may be particularly vulnerable to the risk of stimulant abuse after use of MDMA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sari Izenwasser
- *Correspondence to: Sari Izenwasser, Ph.D., E-mail: , Tel: +1-305-243-2032, Fax:+1-305-243-5475
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Well-designed prospective studies of substance misuse in first-episode psychosis can improve our understanding of the risks associated with comorbid substance misuse and psychosis. AIMS To examine the potential effects of substance misuse on in-patient admission and remission and relapse of positive symptoms in first-episode psychosis. METHOD The study was a prospective 15-month follow-up investigation of 103 patients with first-episode psychosis recruited from three mental health services. RESULTS Substance misuse was independently associated with increased risk of in-patient admission, relapse of positive symptoms and shorter time to relapse of positive symptoms after controlling for potential confounding factors. Substance misuse was not associated with remission or time to remission of positive symptoms. Heavy substance misuse was associated with increased risk of in-patient admission, relapse and shorter time to relapse. CONCLUSIONS Substance misuse is an independent risk factor for a problematic recovery from first-episode psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Wade
- ORYGEN Youth Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, and Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne at St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.
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Zhang S, Izenwasser S, Wade D, Xu L, Trudell ML. Synthesis of dopamine transporter selective 3-diarylmethoxymethyl-8-arylalkyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:7943-52. [PMID: 16905323 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2006] [Revised: 07/19/2006] [Accepted: 07/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of diarylmethoxymethyltropane-GBR hybrid analogues with all three possible stereochemical orientations at C3 were synthesized and evaluated at dopamine and serotonin transporters. The 3alpha derivatives were found to be the most potent compounds with the 3alpha-di(4-fluorophenyl)methoxymethyl-8-(3-phenylpropyl)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane 15b (Ki = 5 nM) being the most potent compound of the series. The corresponding 3-di(4-fluorophenyl)-methoxymethyl-8-(3-phenylpropyl)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-2-ene 12b (Ki = 12 nM) was slightly less potent than the 3alpha-analogue, while the 3beta-di(4-fluorophenyl)methoxymethyl-8-(3-phenylpropyl)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane 23b (Ki = 78 nM) exhibited only modest affinity for the dopamine transporter. Only the 3alpha-analogue 15b (SERT/DAT = 48) exhibited higher SERT/DAT selectivity than GBR 12909. These results indicate that the dopamine transporter can tolerate some variability in proximity of the benzhydryl ether to the basic nitrogen atom of the tropane without loss in potency. In addition, the structure-activity data for these tropane-GBR 12909 hybrid analogues support previous findings that the stereochemical and conformational effects imparted by unsaturation at C3 are important for dopamine transporter selectivity over the serotonin transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, USA
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Karavitaki N, Wass J, Henderson Slater JD, Wade D. A case of post-traumatic isolated ACTH deficiency with spontaneous recovery 9 months after the event. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006; 77:276-7. [PMID: 16421141 PMCID: PMC2077606 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2005.070482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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38
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Rhoden JB, Bouvet M, Izenwasser S, Wade D, Lomenzo SA, Trudell ML. Structure-activity studies of 3'-4'-dichloro-meperidine analogues at dopamine and serotonin transporters. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:5623-34. [PMID: 15993612 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2005] [Revised: 05/18/2005] [Accepted: 05/18/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The structure-activity relationships of 3',4'-dichloro-meperidine were investigated at dopamine (DAT) and serotonin transporters (SERT). Large ester substituents and lipophilic groups at the 4-position favored molecular recognition at the SERT. The benzyl ester of 3',4'-dichloro-meperidine exhibited high potency and high selectivity for the SERT (DAT/SERT=760). Chemical modification of the ester group and N-substitution generally led to compounds with decreased DAT affinity. Only small esters and alkyl groups were tolerated at the 4-position of the meperidine ring system by the DAT. Overall, the meperidine analogues were generally more selective for the SERT than for the DAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill B Rhoden
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
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39
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Lambert M, Conus P, Lubman DI, Wade D, Yuen H, Moritz S, Naber D, McGorry PD, Schimmelmann BG. The impact of substance use disorders on clinical outcome in 643 patients with first-episode psychosis. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2005; 112:141-8. [PMID: 15992396 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2005.00554.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies investigating the impact of comorbid substance use disorders (SUD) in psychosis have tended to focus on cross-sectional data, with few studies examining the effects of substance use course on clinical outcome. The main aim of the present study was to assess the impact of baseline SUD and course of SUD on remission of positive symptoms. METHOD The Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre admitted 786 first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients between 1998 and 2000. Data on SUD and clinical outcome were collected from patients' medical records (MR) of 643 patients who met inclusion criteria. RESULTS Lifetime prevalence of SUD was 74%, with 62% having a SUD at baseline. This reduced to 36% in those patients who completed 18 months of treatment at the EPPIC program. A Cox regression analysis indicated that a decrease or cessation of substance use significantly increased the probability of remission, whilst persistent SUD substantially reduced the likelihood. In addition, patients who reduced use appeared to have better outcomes at 18 months than those patients who had never used substances. Baseline SUD was not found to have any significant influence on symptom remission. CONCLUSION Patients presenting with FEP have high rates of SUD. Effective management of psychosis within a specialized service is associated with reductions in SUD over the course of treatment, although persistent substance use is associated with non-compliance, treatment drop-out and poor remission rates. As such, young people with FEP and comorbid substance use should be offered integrated treatment that addresses both disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lambert
- Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychosis Early Detection and Intervention Centre (PEDIC), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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Lomenzo SA, Rhoden JB, Izenwasser S, Wade D, Kopajtic T, Katz JL, Trudell ML. Synthesis and biological evaluation of meperidine analogues at monoamine transporters. J Med Chem 2005; 48:1336-43. [PMID: 15743177 DOI: 10.1021/jm0401614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of aryl-substituted meperidine analogues was synthesized, and the binding affinities were determined at the DAT, SERT, and NET as well as at mu-opioid receptors. Generally the analogues exhibited increased affinity for the DAT and SERT relative to meperidine but exhibited low binding affinity for the NET. The 2-naphthyl derivative 7f was the most potent ligand at the SERT (K(i) = 0.0072 muM) and was the most selective ligand for the SERT over the DAT (DAT/SERT = 158) and mu-opioid receptors (mu/SERT = 281). The 3,4-dichlorophenyl derivative 7e was the most potent ligand at the DAT (K(i) = 0.125 muM) and was the most selective ligand for the DAT over mu-opioid receptors (mu/DAT = 16.3) but remained slightly more selective for the SERT over the DAT(DAT/SERT = 6.68). Three compounds, the 3,4-dichlorophenyl derivative 7e and the 2-naphthyl analogues 6f and 7f, were identified that were more potent at the DAT than meperidine and that exhibited well-defined biphasic dopamine uptake inhibition similar to meperidine. However, none of the analogues tested produced locomotor effects or substituted for cocaine in drug discrimination studies, suggesting that the mu-opioid effects of these analogues may contribute to the poor efficacy observed in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey A Lomenzo
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
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Collins SL, Wade D, Ledon J, Izenwasser S. Neurochemical alterations produced by daily nicotine exposure in periadolescent vs. adult male rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2005; 502:75-85. [PMID: 15464092 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2004] [Revised: 08/17/2004] [Accepted: 08/20/2004] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Chronic treatment with nicotine differentially alters behavior in adolescent rats compared to adult rats. It is not known, however, whether the effects of nicotine on the neurochemical pathways with which it interacts differ in adolescents vs. adults. In the current study, the effects of a 7-day treatment with nicotine on nicotinic, dopaminergic, and serotonergic neurochemistry were examined in the caudate putamen and nucleus accumbens in periadolescent vs. adult male rats. Nicotine treatment increased dopamine transporter densities and decreased serotonin transporter densities in periadolescent rats. There was no change in nicotinic acetylcholine receptor densities or dopamine D1 or D2 receptor densities in nicotine-pretreated periadolescent rats. In adult rats pretreated with nicotine, there was an increase in nicotinic acetylcholine densities, but no change in dopamine transporter, dopamine D1 or D2 receptor, or serotonin transporter densities. Overall, these findings show that periadolescent rats have neurochemical adaptations to nicotine different from adult rats. These alterations may explain, at least in part, the differential behavioral effects of chronic nicotine in adult and adolescent male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Collins
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1400 NW 10th Avenue, Suite 704A (D-80), Miami, FL 33136, USA
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42
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Wade D. Community rehabilitation in neurology. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 2004. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2004.047969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Cheng J, Izenwasser S, Zhang C, Zhang S, Wade D, Trudell ML. Synthesis and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor binding affinities of 2- and 3-isoxazolyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:1775-8. [PMID: 15026069 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2003] [Revised: 01/14/2004] [Accepted: 01/14/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of epiboxidine homologues, 2- and 3-isoxazole substituted 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane derivatives was synthesized and evaluated as potential ligands for neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in [(3)H]cytisine labeled rat brain. The 2beta-isoxazolyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane 9b (K(i)=3 nM) was the most potent compound of the series with a binding affinity twice that of nicotine. The 3beta-isoxazolyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane 15b (K(i)=148 nM) exhibited moderate affinity while the corresponding 2alpha- and 3alpha-isomers exhibited micromolar binding affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
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Chinchar VG, Bryan L, Silphadaung U, Noga E, Wade D, Rollins-Smith L. Inactivation of viruses infecting ectothermic animals by amphibian and piscine antimicrobial peptides. Virology 2004; 323:268-75. [PMID: 15193922 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2004.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2003] [Accepted: 02/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The ability of five purified amphibian antimicrobial peptides (dermaseptin-1, temporin A, magainin I, and II, PGLa), crude peptide fractions isolated from the skin of Rana pipiens and R. catesbeiana, and four antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from hybrid striped bass (piscidin-1N, -1H, -2, and -3) were examined for their ability to reduce the infectivity of channel catfish virus (CCV) and frog virus 3 (FV3). All compounds, with the exception of magainin I, markedly reduced the infectivity of CCV. In contrast to CCV, FV3 was 2- to 4-fold less sensitive to these agents. Similar to an earlier study employing two other amphibian peptides, the agents used here acted rapidly and over a wide, physiologically relevant, temperature range to reduce virus infectivity. These results extend our previous findings and strongly suggest that various amphibian and piscine AMPs may play important roles in protecting fish and amphibians from pathogenic viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Chinchar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39211, USA.
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45
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Winfield L, Zhang C, Reid CA, Stevens ED, Trudell ML, Izenwasser S, Wade D. Synthesis, lipophilicity and structure of 2,5-disubstituted 1, 3, 5-dithiazine derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570400512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Bradley AL, Izenwasser S, Wade D, Cararas S, Trudell ML. Synthesis of dopamine transporter selective 3-[2-(diarylmethoxyethylidene)]-8-alkylaryl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2003; 13:629-32. [PMID: 12639545 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)01051-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of 3-[2-(diarylmethoxyethylidene)]-8-alkylaryl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes was synthesized and the binding affinities of the compounds were determined at the dopamine and serotonin transporters. The 8-phenylpropyl analogues 8a (K(i)=4.1 nM) and 8b (K(i)=3.7 nM) were the most potent compounds of the series with binding affinities 3 times greater than GBR-12909. In addition, 8a (SERT/DAT=327) was over 300-fold more selective for the dopamine transporter than the serotonin transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Bradley
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
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48
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Disler P, Turner-Stokes L, Wade D, Sackley C. Rehabilitation interventions for foot drop in neuromuscular disease. Hippokratia 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd003908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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49
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Bradley AL, Izenwasser S, Wade D, Klein-Stevens C, Zhu N, Trudell ML. Synthesis and dopamine transporter binding affinities of 3alpha-benzyl-8-(diarylmethoxyethyl)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2002; 12:2387-90. [PMID: 12161139 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)00464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of 3alpha-benzyl-8-(diarylmethoxyethyl)-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes was synthesized and the binding affinities of the compounds were determined at the dopamine transporter. The unsubstituted analogue 7b (K(i)=98nM) was the most potent compound of the series with binding affinity three-times greater than cocaine and only 5-fold less than GBR-12909. The structure-activity data for 7a-f suggests that these compounds may be binding at the dopamine transporter in a similar fashion to GBR 12909.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Bradley
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
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50
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Cheng J, Zhang C, Stevens ED, Izenwasser S, Wade D, Chen S, Paul D, Trudell ML. Synthesis and biological evaluation at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of N-arylalkyl- and N-aryl-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes. J Med Chem 2002; 45:3041-7. [PMID: 12086489 DOI: 10.1021/jm0103561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new series of N-arylalkyl-substituted 7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes and N-aryl-substituted 7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes were synthesized and evaluated as potential ligands for neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. The in vitro binding affinities (K(i)) of the 7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane derivatives were measured by inhibition of [(3)H]cytisine binding to rat brain tissue. The most potent ligand of the series was found to be N-(3-pyridylmethyl)-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane (5b, K(i) = 98 nM). The chloro analogue (5a, K(i) = 245 nM) 5a and epibatidine (1) produced dose-dependent analgesia in both hotplate and tail-flick tests when administered subcutaneously. However, when compounds 1 and 5a,b were administered intrathecally, all produced analgesia in the tail-flick test but only 5a produced analgesia in the hotplate test.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/chemical synthesis
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/chemistry
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/pharmacology
- Animals
- Body Temperature/drug effects
- Brain/metabolism
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/chemical synthesis
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/chemistry
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/pharmacology
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Dopamine/metabolism
- In Vitro Techniques
- Injections, Spinal
- Ligands
- Mice
- Nicotinic Agonists/chemical synthesis
- Nicotinic Agonists/chemistry
- Nicotinic Agonists/pharmacology
- Pain Measurement
- Pyridines/chemistry
- Pyridines/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Nicotinic/metabolism
- Structure-Activity Relationship
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
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