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Ligonniere S, Bantz A, Raymond V, Goven D. Using RNA interference targeting a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit to counteract insecticide accommodation mechanisms: example of the β1 subunit in the imidacloprid-accommodated American cockroach, Periplaneta americana. J Pestic Sci 2024; 49:58-64. [PMID: 38450086 PMCID: PMC10912888 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.d23-027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Insecticide accommodation and resistance are limiting factors to the much-needed increase in agricultural production. Various physiological and cellular modifications, such as the changes of insecticide molecular targets, have been linked to these events. Thus, a previous study demonstrated that the imidacloprid accommodation set up by the cockroach Periplaneta americana after an exposure to a sublethal dose of this insecticide involves functional alterations of two nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtypes. As RNA interference (RNAi) is one of the most promising strategies for controlling pest insects, we evaluated, in this study, the use of RNAi that targets the β1 nAChR subunit to counteract the imidacloprid accommodation phenomenon in cockroaches. Interestingly, we showed that ingestion of dsRNA-β1 increased the sensitivity to imidacloprid of accommodated cockroaches. Thus, we have demonstrated for the first time that RNAi that targets an nAChR subunit can counteract the accommodation mechanism to insecticide targeting nAChRs set up by an insect.
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Ligonniere S, Raymond V, Goven D. Use of double-stranded RNA targeting β2 divergent nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit to control pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum at larval and adult stages. Pest Manag Sci 2024; 80:896-904. [PMID: 37816139 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the use of the RNA interference technology (RNAi) has emerged as one of the new strategies for species-specific control of insect pests. Its specificity depends on the distinctiveness of the target gene sequence for a given species. In this work, we assessed in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (A. pisum) the use of a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) that targets the β2 divergent nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunit (dsRNA-β2), which shares low sequence identity with other subunits, to control populations of this pest at different developmental stages. Because nAChRs are targeted by neonicotinoid insecticides such as imidacloprid, we also assessed the effect of dsRNA-β2 coupled to this insecticide on aphid survival. Finally, because the effect of a control agent on beneficial insect must be considered before any use of new pest management strategies, the acute toxicity of dsRNA-β2 combined with imidacloprid was evaluated on honeybee Apis mellifera. RESULTS In this work, we demonstrated that dsRNA-β2 alone has an insecticidal effect on aphid larvae and adults. Moreover, dsRNA-β2 and imidacloprid effects on aphid larvae and adults were additive, meaning that dsRNA-β2 did not alter the efficacy of imidacloprid on these two developmental stages. Also, no obvious acute toxicity on Apis mellifera was reported. CONCLUSION Using RNAi that targets β2 divergent nAChR subunit is effective alone or combined with imidacloprid to control A. pisum at larval and adult stages. Because no obvious Apis mellifera mortality has been reported, this RNAi-based pest management strategy should be considered to control insect pest. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Pilon A, Goven D, Raymond V. Pharmacological and molecular characterization of the A-type muscarinic acetylcholine receptor from Anopheles gambiae. Insect Mol Biol 2022; 31:497-507. [PMID: 35357052 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) which are G protein-coupled receptors play key roles in insect physiology. Whereas vertebrate mAChRs are important targets for pharmaceutical drugs, insect mAChRs are under-exploited by the agro-chemical industry. Moreover, insect mAChRs have been less well studied than their vertebrate counterparts. Their critical functions mean that a better knowledge of the insect mAChRs is crucial for the effort to develop a new molecular-level strategy for insect pest management. Almost all insects possess three mAChRs named A, B and C which differ according to their coupling effector systems and their pharmacological profile. The aim of this study was to characterize the A-type mAChR (mAChR-A) from Anopheles gambiae which is the major vector of malaria in order to develop new strategies in pest management. In this paper, we reported that mAChR-A is more expressed in adult mosquitoes than in larvae. Furthermore, using calcium imaging recordings, we found that the An. gambiae mAChR-A expressed in Sf9 cells is activated by specific muscarinic agonists acetylcholine, muscarine and oxotremorine M and blocked by several mAChR antagonists. Moreover, using inhibitors of phosphoinositide pathway such as Gαq/11 protein blocker, we have shown that an increased intracellular calcium concentration elicited by the acetylcholine application was mediated by PLC/IP3R pathway. As a rise in intracellular calcium concentration could lead to an increase in the insecticide target sensitivity, these results suggest that An. gambiae mAChR-A should not be only considered as a potential target for new molecules but also as a key element to optimize the efficacy of insecticide in vector control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Pilon
- Univ Angers, INRAE, SiFCIR Laboratory, SFR QUASAV, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Delphine Goven
- Univ Angers, INRAE, SiFCIR Laboratory, SFR QUASAV, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Valerie Raymond
- Univ Angers, INRAE, SiFCIR Laboratory, SFR QUASAV, F-49000 Angers, France
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Bantz A, Goven D, Siegwart M, Maugin S, Raymond V. Exposure to a sublethal dose of imidacloprid induces cellular and physiological changes in Periplaneta americana: Involvement of α2 nicotinic acetylcholine subunit in imidacloprid sensitivity. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2022; 181:105014. [PMID: 35082037 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.105014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids are the most important class of insecticides used as pest management tools during several decades. Exposition of insect to sublethal dose of insecticide induces physiological and cellular changes that could contribute to the adaptation of the insects in order to loss their sensitivity to insecticides. The aim of our study is to demonstrate that a subchronic exposure to a sublethal dose of a neonicotinoid imidacloprid is sufficient to induce molecular changes leading to a loss of imidacloprid sensitivity. We report that in the cockroach, Periplaneta americana, subchronic exposure to a sublethal dose of imidacloprid induced weak changes in detoxification enzyme activity and a significant decrease of the nicotinic acetylcholine α2 mRNA. This molecular effect is correlated to a decrease of imidacloprid sensitivity of cockroaches. Using RNA interference, we shown the key role of nicotinic acetylcholine α2 subunit in imidacloprid sensitivity. Thus, quantitative changes in insecticide targets lead to decreased sensitivity to insecticides. This parameter needs to be considered in order to develop sustainable insect resistance management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Bantz
- Univ Angers, INRAE, SiFCIR, SFR QUASAV, F-49000 Angers, France.
| | - Delphine Goven
- Univ Angers, INRAE, SiFCIR, SFR QUASAV, F-49000 Angers, France.
| | - Myriam Siegwart
- INRAE, UR 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles (PSH), 84914 Avignon, France.
| | - Sandrine Maugin
- INRAE, UR 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles (PSH), 84914 Avignon, France.
| | - Valerie Raymond
- Univ Angers, INRAE, SiFCIR, SFR QUASAV, F-49000 Angers, France.
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Jones AK, Goven D, Froger JA, Bantz A, Raymond V. The cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel gene superfamilies of the cockroaches Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana. Pest Manag Sci 2021; 77:3787-3799. [PMID: 33347700 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cockroaches are serious urban pests that can transfer disease-causing microorganisms as well as trigger allergic reactions and asthma. They are commonly managed by pesticides that act on cys-loop ligand-gated ion channels (cysLGIC). To provide further information that will enhance our understanding of how insecticides act on their molecular targets in cockroaches, we used genome and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) data to characterize the cysLGIC gene superfamilies from Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana. RESULTS The B. germanica and P. americana cysLGIC superfamilies consist of 30 and 32 subunit-encoding genes, respectively, which are the largest insect cysLGIC superfamilies characterized to date. As with other insects, the cockroaches possess ion channels predicted to be gated by acetylcholine, γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamate and histamine, as well as orthologues of the drosophila pH-sensitive chloride channel (pHCl), CG8916 and CG12344. The large cysLGIC superfamilies of cockroaches are a result of an expanded number of divergent nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits, with B. germanica and P. americana, respectively, possessing eight and ten subunit genes. Diversity of the cockroach cysLGICs is also broadened by alternative splicing and RNA A-to-I editing. Unusually, both cockroach species possess a second glutamate-gated chloride channel as well as another CG8916 subunit. CONCLUSION These findings on B. germanica and P. americana enhance our understanding of the evolution of the insect cysLGIC superfamily and provide a useful basis for the study of their function, the detection and management of insecticide resistance, and for the development of improved pesticides with greater specificity towards these major pests. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K Jones
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Delphine Goven
- Laboratoire « Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs » (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA2647 USC INRAE 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Josy-Anne Froger
- Laboratoire « Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs » (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA2647 USC INRAE 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Alexandre Bantz
- Laboratoire « Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs » (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA2647 USC INRAE 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Valerie Raymond
- Laboratoire « Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs » (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA2647 USC INRAE 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
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Perrier S, Moreau E, Deshayes C, El-Adouzi M, Goven D, Chandre F, Lapied B. Compensatory mechanisms in resistant Anopheles gambiae AcerKis and KdrKis neurons modulate insecticide-based mosquito control. Commun Biol 2021; 4:665. [PMID: 34079061 PMCID: PMC8172894 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02192-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae, two point mutations in the acetylcholinesterase (ace-1R) and the sodium channel (kdrR) genes confer resistance to organophosphate/carbamate and pyrethroid insecticides, respectively. The mechanisms of compensation that recover the functional alterations associated with these mutations and their role in the modulation of insecticide efficacy are unknown. Using multidisciplinary approaches adapted to neurons isolated from resistant Anopheles gambiae AcerKis and KdrKis strains together with larval bioassays, we demonstrate that nAChRs, and the intracellular calcium concentration represent the key components of an adaptation strategy ensuring neuronal functions maintenance. In AcerKis neurons, the increased effect of acetylcholine related to the reduced acetylcholinesterase activity is compensated by expressing higher density of nAChRs permeable to calcium. In KdrKis neurons, changes in the biophysical properties of the L1014F mutant sodium channel, leading to enhance overlap between activation and inactivation relationships, diminish the resting membrane potential and reduce the fraction of calcium channels available involved in acetylcholine release. Together with the lower intracellular basal calcium concentration observed, these factors increase nAChRs sensitivity to maintain the effect of low concentration of acetylcholine. These results explain the opposite effects of the insecticide clothianidin observed in AcerKis and KdrKis neurons in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Fabrice Chandre
- MIVEGEC, UMR IRD 224-CNRS 5290-Université de Montpellier, 911 avenue Agropolis, Montpellier, Cedex 05, France
| | - Bruno Lapied
- Univ Angers, INRAE, SIFCIR, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France.
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Bantz A, Camon J, Froger JA, Goven D, Raymond V. Exposure to sublethal doses of insecticide and their effects on insects at cellular and physiological levels. Curr Opin Insect Sci 2018; 30:73-78. [PMID: 30553488 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Insecticides were used as pest management tools for a long time. The appearance of resistant insects has led the scientific community to rethink their use and to study the mechanisms underlying the resistance in order to circumvent it. However, we know now that sublethal doses of insecticide induce many effects which should be taken into account for pest control. In this review, we summarized current knowledge on mechanisms used by insects to deal with exposure to sublethal dose of insecticides. Physiological and cellular changes could contribute to the adaptation of the insect to its environment making the challenge of managing pests difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Bantz
- Laboratoire « Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs » (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA2647 USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 Bld Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - Jérémy Camon
- Laboratoire « Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs » (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA2647 USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 Bld Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - Josy-Anne Froger
- Laboratoire « Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs » (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA2647 USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 Bld Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - Delphine Goven
- Laboratoire « Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs » (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA2647 USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 Bld Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - Valérie Raymond
- Laboratoire « Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Récepteurs » (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA2647 USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université d'Angers, 2 Bld Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex 01, France.
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Raymond V, Goven D, Benzidane Y, List O, Lapied B. Influence of Cellular and Molecular Factors on Membrane Target Sensitivity to Insecticides. Curr Med Chem 2017; 24:2974-2987. [PMID: 28302007 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170316111315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effective control of insect pests is based on the use of insecticides. Most of these compounds act on molecular targets in the insect nervous system. However, the largescale deployment of insecticide treatment has led to the development of resistance, which decreases insecticide efficacy. Although the resistance mechanisms are largely studied today, this review aims to point out new insights on the less-known cellular and molecular factors involved in the modulation of the sensitivity of the targets to insecticides. This review will focus on the phosphorylation/dephosphorylation process, the post-transcriptional events such as editing and alternative splicing and the influence of the association with auxiliary proteins of the receptors and/or ion channels targeted by insecticides. In addition, the involvement of calcium-dependent signaling pathways in the modulation of the sensitivity of the target to insecticides will also be considered and discussed. Finally, this review will insist on different strategies proposed to optimize the efficacy of insecticide treatment while reducing doses to decrease side effects on environment and on non-target organisms by combining two different chemical insecticides or a given active ingredient associated with biological and/or chemical synergistic agents. This review is part of the special issue "Insecticide Mode of Action: From Insect to Mammalian Toxicity".
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Raymond
- Laboratoire Signalisation Fonctionnelle des Canaux Ioniques et Ré cepteurs (SiFCIR), UPRES-EA2647 USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université Bretagne Loire, Univ. Angers, 2 Bld Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex 01. France
| | - Delphine Goven
- Laboratoire SiFCIR, UPRES-EA2647 USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université Bretagne Loire, Univ. Angers, 2 Bld Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex 01. France
| | - Yassine Benzidane
- Laboratoire SiFCIR, UPRES-EA2647 USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université Bretagne Loire, Univ. Angers, 2 Bld Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex 01. France
| | - Olivier List
- Laboratoire SiFCIR, UPRES-EA2647 USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université Bretagne Loire, Univ. Angers, 2 Bld Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex 01. France
| | - Bruno Lapied
- Laboratoire SiFCIR, UPRES-EA2647 USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, Université Bretagne Loire, Univ. Angers, 2 Bld Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex 01. France
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Benzidane Y, Goven D, Abd-Ella AA, Deshayes C, Lapied B, Raymond V. Subchronic exposure to sublethal dose of imidacloprid changes electrophysiological properties and expression pattern of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes in insect neurosecretory cells. Neurotoxicology 2017; 62:239-247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Secondi J, Martin M, Goven D, Mège P, Sourice S, Théry M. Habitat-related variation in the plasticity of a UV-sensitive photoreceptor over a small spatial scale in the palmate newt. J Evol Biol 2017; 30:1229-1235. [PMID: 28370602 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Plastic phenotypes are expected to be favoured in heterogeneous environments compared with stable environments. Sensory systems are interesting to test this theory because they are costly to produce and support, and strong fitness costs are expected if they are not tuned to the local environment. Consistently, the visual system of several species changes with the conditions experienced during early development. However, there is little information on whether the amplitude of the change, that is the reaction norm, differs between visual environments. Given the rapid change of many ecosystems, especially eutrophication for aquatic habitats, it is crucial to determine down to which spatial scale, change in the reaction norm occurs. We addressed this issue by quantifying the between-habitat variation in the expression of a UV-sensitive opsin in a newt. In western France, this species breeds in ponds of small forest patches, where water filters out UV, and in agricultural ponds where UV transmission is variable. We raised larvae from both habitats with or without exposure to UV. Opsin expression was reduced in larvae from agricultural habitats when raised without UV, whereas it was low in larvae from forest ponds under all lighting conditions. Thus, the variation in the reaction norm of opsin expression was lower in stable filtering environments and higher in heterogeneous environments. Its variation occurred between habitats across a small spatial scale. We discuss the hypotheses for this pattern and for the maintenance of residual opsin expression in forest populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Secondi
- UMR 5023 Écologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Université Lyon 1, ENTPE, CNRS, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.,UMR CNRS 6554 LETG-LEESA, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - M Martin
- UMR 7179 CNRS-MNHN, Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution, Brunoy, France
| | - D Goven
- UPRES EA 2647/USC INRA 1330 SIFCIR, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - P Mège
- UMR CNRS 6554 LETG-LEESA, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - S Sourice
- UMR CNRS 6554 LETG-LEESA, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - M Théry
- UMR 7179 CNRS-MNHN, Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution, Brunoy, France
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Martin M, Théry M, Rodgers G, Goven D, Sourice S, Mège P, Secondi J. UV wavelengths experienced during development affect larval newt visual sensitivity and predation efficiency. Biol Lett 2016; 12:20150954. [PMID: 26843556 PMCID: PMC4780554 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2015.0954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We experimentally investigated the influence of developmental plasticity of ultraviolet (UV) visual sensitivity on predation efficiency of the larval smooth newt, Lissotriton vulgaris. We quantified expression of SWS1 opsin gene (UV-sensitive protein of photoreceptor cells) in the retinas of individuals who had developed in the presence (UV+) or absence (UV-) of UV light (developmental treatments), and tested their predation efficiency under UV+ and UV- light (testing treatments). We found that both SWS1 opsin expression and predation efficiency were significantly reduced in the UV- developmental group. Larvae in the UV- testing environment displayed consistently lower predation efficiency regardless of their developmental treatment. These results prove for the first time, we believe, functional UV vision and developmental plasticity of UV sensitivity in an amphibian at the larval stage. They also demonstrate that UV wavelengths enhance predation efficiency and suggest that the magnitude of the behavioural response depends on retinal properties induced by the developmental lighting environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Martin
- UMR 7179 CNRS-MNHN, Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution, Brunoy, France GECCO, Université d'Angers, France
| | - Marc Théry
- UMR 7179 CNRS-MNHN, Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution, Brunoy, France
| | - Gwendolen Rodgers
- UMR 7179 CNRS-MNHN, Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution, Brunoy, France
| | - Delphine Goven
- UPRES EA 2647/USC INRA 1330, Récepteurs et Canaux Ioniques Membranaires, Université d'Angers, France
| | - Stéphane Sourice
- GECCO, Université d'Angers, France UMR 6554 Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique, Université d'Angers, France
| | - Pascal Mège
- UMR 7179 CNRS-MNHN, Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution, Brunoy, France GECCO, Université d'Angers, France
| | - Jean Secondi
- GECCO, Université d'Angers, France UMR 6554 Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique, Université d'Angers, France
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Licznar P, List O, Goven D, Nna RN, Lapied B, Apaire-Marchais V. A novel method using Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus for increasing the sensitivity of insecticide through calcium influx in insect cell line. J Virol Methods 2013; 195:72-5. [PMID: 24140515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Due to an intensive use of chemical insecticides, resistance mechanisms to insecticides together with adverse effects on non-target organisms have been largely reported. Improvement in pest control strategy represents an urgent need to optimize efficiency in the control of pest insects. In this context, a novel method based on the use of insect specific virus applied in combination with chemical insecticide, which could lead to sensitization of the insect target to insecticides is described. Insect virus, the baculovirus Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV), applied onto Sf9 cells induces an increase of intracellular calcium concentration via extracellular calcium influx. Co-application of AcMNPV with chlorpyrifos-ethyl onto Sf9 cells expressing the key enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), known to be targeted by organophosphate insecticides, increases 1.5-fold the sensitivity of AChE to the insecticide. This effect is correlated with intracellular calcium concentration rise since AcMNPV-induced potentiating insecticide effect is counteracted by pretreatment with the calcium channel blocker, cadmium chloride. Increasing insecticide target sensitivity through intracellular calcium modulation by using insect virus co-applied with a chemical insecticide is a very promising strategy allowing optimization of insecticide treatment while reducing the concentration of insecticides used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Licznar
- Laboratoire Récepteurs et Canaux Ioniques Membranaires (RCIM), Université d'Angers, PRES L'UNAM, UPRES EA 2647/USC INRA 1330, SFR 4207 QUASAV, UFR Sciences, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, F-49045 Angers cedex, France
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Artaud-Macari E, Goven D, Brayer S, Hamimi A, Besnard V, Marchal-Somme J, Ali ZE, Crestani B, Kerdine-Römer S, Boutten A, Bonay M. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 nuclear translocation induces myofibroblastic dedifferentiation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 18:66-79. [PMID: 22703534 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.4240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Oxidants have been implicated in the pathophysiology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), especially in myofibroblastic differentiation. We aimed at testing the hypothesis that nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), the main regulator of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, is involved in fibrogenesis via myofibroblastic differentiation. Fibroblasts were cultured from the lungs of eight controls and eight IPF patients. Oxidants-antioxidants balance, nuclear Nrf2 expression, and fibroblast phenotype (α-smooth muscle actin and collagen I expression, proliferation, migration, and contraction) were studied under basal conditions and after Nrf2 knockdown or activation by Nrf2 or Keap1 siRNA transfection. The effects of sulforaphane (SFN), an Nrf2 activator, on the fibroblast phenotype were tested under basal and pro-fibrosis conditions (transforming growth factor β [TGF-β]). RESULTS Decreased Nrf2 expression was associated with a myofibroblast phenotype in IPF compared with control fibroblasts. Nrf2 knockdown induced oxidative stress and myofibroblastic differentiation in control fibroblasts. Conversely, Nrf2 activation increased antioxidant defences and myofibroblastic dedifferentation in IPF fibroblasts. SFN treatment decreased oxidants, and induced Nrf2 expression, antioxidants, and myofibroblastic dedifferentiation in IPF fibroblasts. SFN inhibited TGF-β profibrotic deleterious effects in IPF and control fibroblasts and restored antioxidant defences. Nrf2 knockdown abolished SFN antifibrosis effects, suggesting that they were Nrf2 mediated. INNOVATION AND CONCLUSION Our findings confirm that decreased nuclear Nrf2 plays a role in myofibroblastic differentiation and that SFN induces human pulmonary fibroblast dedifferentiation in vitro via Nrf2 activation. Thus, Nrf2 could be a novel therapeutic target in IPF.
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Abstract
Airways are continually exposed to multiple inhaled oxidants and protect themselves with cellular and extracellular antioxidants throughout the epithelial lining fluid and tissues. Oxidative stress, resulting from the increased oxidative burden and decreased level of antioxidant proteins, is involved in cellular and tissue damage related to the pathogenesis of many acute and chronic respiratory diseases. Evidence suggested that nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor that controls antioxidant response element (ARE)-regulated antioxidant and cytoprotective genes has an essential protective role in the lungs against oxidative airway diseases. Therefore, Nrf2 promises to be an attractive therapeutic target for intervention and prevention strategies in respiratory diseases. We have reviewed major findings on the mechanisms of lung protection against oxidative stress by Nrf2 and the current literature suggesting that Nrf2 is a valuable therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Boutten
- Université Paris 7, Faculté de médecine Denis Diderot-site Bichat, Paris, France.
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Boutten A, Goven D, Artaud-Macari E, Boczkowski J, Bonay M. NRF2 targeting: a promising therapeutic strategy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Trends Mol Med 2011; 17:363-71. [PMID: 21459041 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2011.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2011] [Revised: 02/27/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Several convergent destructive mechanisms such as oxidative stress, alveolar cell apoptosis, extracellular matrix proteolysis and chronic inflammation contribute to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) development. Evidence suggests that oxidative stress contributes to the pathophysiology of COPD, particularly during exacerbations. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a transcription factor expressed predominantly in epithelium and alveolar macrophages, has an essential protective role in the lungs through the activation of antioxidant response element-regulated antioxidant and cytoprotective genes. Animal models and human studies have identified NRF2 and several NRF2 target genes as a protective system against inflammation and oxidative stress from cigarette smoke, a major causative factor in COPD development. Hence, NRF2 targeting might provide clinical benefit by reducing both oxidative stress and inflammation in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Boutten
- Inserm, U700, Université Paris 7, Faculté de Médecine Denis Diderot-site Bichat, Paris, France
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Amara N, Goven D, Prost F, Muloway R, Crestani B, Boczkowski J. NOX4/NADPH oxidase expression is increased in pulmonary fibroblasts from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and mediates TGFbeta1-induced fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts. Thorax 2010; 65:733-8. [PMID: 20685750 DOI: 10.1136/thx.2009.113456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistence of myofibroblasts is believed to contribute to the development of fibrosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) irreversibly converts fibroblasts into pathological myofibroblasts, which express smooth muscle alpha-actin (alpha-SMA) and produce extracellular matrix proteins, such as procollagen I (alpha1). Reactive oxygen species produced by NADPH oxidases (NOXs) have been shown to regulate cell differentiation. It was hypothesised that NOX could be expressed in parenchymal pulmonary fibroblasts and could mediate TGFbeta1-stimulated conversion of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. METHODS Fibroblasts were cultured from the lung of nine controls and eight patients with IPF. NOX4, alpha-SMA and procollagen I (alpha1) mRNA and protein expression, reactive oxygen species production and Smad2/3 phosphorylation were quantified, in the absence and in the presence of incubation with TGFbeta1. Migration of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced fibroblasts was also assessed. RESULTS It was found that (1) NOX4 mRNA and protein expression was upregulated in pulmonary fibroblasts from patients with IPF and correlated with mRNA expression of alpha-SMA and procollagen I (alpha1) mRNA; (2) TGFbeta1 upregulated NOX4, alpha-SMA and procollagen I (alpha1) expression in control and IPF fibroblasts; (3) the change in alpha-SMA and procollagen I (alpha1) expression in response to TGFbeta1 was inhibited by antioxidants and by a NOX4 small interfering RNA (siRNA); (4) NOX4 modulated alpha-SMA and procollagen I (alpha1) expression by controlling activation of Smad2/3; and (5) NOX4 modulated PDGF-induced fibroblast migration. CONCLUSION NOX4 is critical for modulation of the pulmonary myofibroblast phenotype in IPF, probably by modulating the response to TGFbeta1 and PDGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Amara
- INSERM, Unité 700, Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, site Bichat, Paris, France
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Goven D, Boutten A, Leçon-Malas V, Marchal-Sommé J, Soler P, Boczkowski J, Bonay M. Induction of heme oxygenase-1, biliverdin reductase and H-ferritin in lung macrophage in smokers with primary spontaneous pneumothorax: role of HIF-1alpha. PLoS One 2010; 5:e10886. [PMID: 20526373 PMCID: PMC2878337 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2010] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Few data concern the pathophysiology of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP), which is associated with alveolar hypoxia/reoxygenation. This study tested the hypothesis that PSP is associated with oxidative stress in lung macrophages. We analysed expression of the oxidative stress marker 4-HNE; the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory proteins heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), biliverdin reductase (BVR) and heavy chain of ferritin (H-ferritin); and the transcription factors controlling their expression Nrf2 and HIF-1α, in lung samples from smoker and nonsmoker patients with PSP (PSP-S and PSP-NS), cigarette smoke being a risk factor of recurrence of the disease. Methodology/Principal Findings mRNA was assessed by RT-PCR and proteins by western blot, immunohistochemistry and confocal laser analysis. 4-HNE, HO-1, BVR and H-ferritin were increased in macrophages from PSP-S as compared to PSP-NS and controls (C). HO-1 increase was associated with increased expression of HIF-1α mRNA and protein in alveolar macrophages in PSP-S patients, whereas Nrf2 was not modified. To understand the regulation of HO-1, BVR and H-ferritin, THP-1 macrophages were exposed to conditions mimicking conditions in C, PSP-S and PSP-NS patients: cigarette smoke condensate (CS) or air exposure followed or not by hypoxia/reoxygenation. Silencing RNA experiments confirmed that HIF-1α nuclear translocation was responsible for HO-1, BVR and H-ferritin induction mediated by CS and hypoxia/reoxygenation. Conclusions/Significance PSP in smokers is associated with lung macrophage oxidative stress. The response to this condition involves HIF-1α-mediated induction of HO-1, BVR and H-ferritin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Goven
- Inserm, U700, Faculté de Médecine-Site Bichat, Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Paris, France
| | - Anne Boutten
- Inserm, U700, Faculté de Médecine-Site Bichat, Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Paris, France
- Services de Biochimie A, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Véronique Leçon-Malas
- Services de Biochimie A, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Joëlle Marchal-Sommé
- Inserm, U700, Faculté de Médecine-Site Bichat, Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Paris, France
| | - Paul Soler
- Inserm, U700, Faculté de Médecine-Site Bichat, Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Paris, France
| | - Jorge Boczkowski
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique 007, Paris, France
- Inserm, U955, Faculté de Médecine, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Albert Chenevier - Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris 12, Créteil, France
| | - Marcel Bonay
- Inserm, U700, Faculté de Médecine-Site Bichat, Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Paris, France
- Service de Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) a major antioxidant transcription factor could play a protective role in pulmonary emphysema. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW Nrf2 is ubiquitously expressed throughout the lung, but is predominantly found in epithelium and alveolar macrophages. Evidence suggests that Nrf2 and several Nrf2 downstream genes have an essential protective role in the lung against oxidative stress from environmental pollutants and toxicants such as cigarette smoke, a major causative factor for the development and progression of pulmonary emphysema. Application of Nrf2-deficient mice identified an extensive range of protective roles for Nrf2 against the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema. Therefore, Nrf2 promises to be an attractive therapeutic target for intervention and prevention strategies. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN In this review, we discuss recent findings on the association of oxidative stress with pulmonary emphysema. We also address the mechanisms of Nrf2 lung protection against oxidative stress based on emerging evidence from experimental oxidative disease models and human studie. TAKE HOME MESSAGE The current literature suggests that among oxidative stress targets, Nrf2 is a valuable therapeutic target in pulmonary emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Boutten
- Inserm, U700, Université Paris 7, Faculté de Médecine Denis Diderot-site Bichat, BP416, 75870 Paris Cedex 18, France
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Bantsimba-Malanda C, Marchal-Sommé J, Goven D, Freynet O, Michel L, Crestani B, Soler P. A role for dendritic cells in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010; 182:385-95. [PMID: 20395561 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200907-1164oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Lung dendritic cells (DCs) have been shown to accumulate in human fibrotic lung disease, but little is known concerning a role for DCs in the pathogenesis of fibrotic lung. OBJECTIVES To characterize lung DCs in an in vivo model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. METHODS We characterized the kinetics and activation of pulmonary DCs during the course of bleomycin-induced lung injury by flow cytometry on lung single-cell suspensions. We also characterized the lymphocytes accumulating in bleomycin lung and the chemokines susceptible to favor the recruitment of immune cells. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We show, for the first time, that increased numbers of CD11c(+)/major histocompatibility complex class II(+) DCs, including CD11b(hi) monocyte-derived inflammatory DCs, infiltrate the lung of treated animals during the fibrotic phase of the response to bleomycin. These DCs are mature DCs expressing CD40, CD86, and CD83. They are associated with increased numbers of recently activated memory T cells expressing CD44, CD40L, and CD28, suggesting that fully mature DCs and Ag-experienced T cells can drive an efficient effector immune response within bleomycin lung. Most importantly, when DCs are inactivated with VAG539, a recently described new immunomodulator, VAG539 treatment attenuates the hallmarks of bleomycin lung injury. CONCLUSIONS These findings identify lung DCs as key proinflammatory cells potentially able to sustain pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in the bleomycin model.
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Goven D, Boutten A, Leçon-Malas V, Boczkowski J, Bonay M. Prolonged cigarette smoke exposure decreases heme oxygenase-1 and alters Nrf2 and Bach1 expression in human macrophages: roles of the MAP kinases ERK(1/2) and JNK. FEBS Lett 2009; 583:3508-18. [PMID: 19822148 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Accepted: 10/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco may be involved in the decreased macrophage heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression described in smoking-induced severe emphysema, via the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-BTB and CNC homology 1, basic leucine zipper transcription factor 1 (Bach1) pathway. We assessed in vitro effects of cigarette smoke condensate (CS) in the human monocyte/macrophage cell line (THP-1). CS exposure led to increased HO-1 and nuclear Nrf2 expression (6 h) followed by decreased HO-1 expression concomitantly with nuclear Nrf2/Bach1 ratio decrease (72h). CS-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. Extracellular-signal-regulated kinase(1/2) (ERK(1/2)) and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibition completely abrogated CS effects on HO-1 expression and nuclear Nrf2/Bach1 translocation. These results suggest that ERK(1/2) and JNK are involved in CS-induced biphasic HO-1 expression by a specific regulation of Nrf2/Keap1-Bach1.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Goven
- Inserm U700, Université Paris 7, Faculté de Médecine Denis Diderot-site Bichat, Paris, France
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Boyer L, Plantier L, Goven D, Crestani B, Boczkowski J. Rôle de la NO synthase inductible dans le modèle d’emphysème induit par l’élastase chez la souris. Rev Mal Respir 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(08)75000-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Plantier L, Rochette-Egly C, Goven D, Boutten A, Bonay M, Lesèche G, Fournier M, Crestani B, Boczkowski J. Dysregulation of elastin expression by fibroblasts in pulmonary emphysema: role of cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2. Thorax 2008; 63:1012-7. [PMID: 18621984 DOI: 10.1136/thx.2007.093302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) stimulates elastin synthesis by lung fibroblasts and induces alveolar regeneration in animal models of pulmonary emphysema. However, ATRA treatment has had disappointing results in human emphysema. It was hypothesised that a defect in the ATRA signalling pathway contributes to the defect of alveolar repair in the human emphysematous lung. METHODS Fibroblasts were cultured from the lung of 10 control subjects and eight patients with emphysema. Elastin and retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-beta mRNAs were measured in those cells in the presence of incremental concentrations of ATRA. RARs, retinoic X receptors (RXRs) and cellular retinoic acid binding protein (CRABP) 1 and 2 mRNAs were measured as well as CRABP2 protein content. The effect of CRABP2 silencing on elastin and RAR-beta expression in response to ATRA was measured in MRC5 lung fibroblasts. RESULTS ATRA at 10(-9) M and 10(-8) M increased median elastin mRNA expression by 182% and 126% in control but not in emphysema fibroblasts. RAR-beta mRNA expression was induced by ATRA in control as well as emphysema fibroblasts. RARs, RXRs and CRABP1 mRNAs were similarly expressed in control and emphysema fibroblasts while CRABP2 mRNA and protein were lower in emphysema fibroblasts. CRABP2 silencing abrogated the induction of elastin but not RAR-beta expression by ATRA in MRC5 fibroblasts. CONCLUSION Pulmonary emphysema fibroblasts fail to express elastin under ATRA stimulation. CRABP2, which is necessary for elastin induction by ATRA in MRC-5 cells, is expressed at low levels in emphysema fibroblasts. This alteration in the retinoic acid signalling pathway in lung fibroblasts may contribute to the defect of alveolar repair in human pulmonary emphysema. These results are the first demonstration of the involvement of CRABP2 in elastin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Plantier
- INSERM U700, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France.
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Goven D, Boutten A, Leçon-Malas V, Marchal-Sommé J, Amara N, Crestani B, Fournier M, Lesèche G, Soler P, Boczkowski J, Bonay M. Altered Nrf2/Keap1-Bach1 equilibrium in pulmonary emphysema. Thorax 2008; 63:916-24. [PMID: 18559366 DOI: 10.1136/thx.2007.091181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress, resulting from the increased oxidative burden and decreased level of antioxidant proteins, plays a role in the pathophysiology of smoking-related pulmonary emphysema. Expression of several antioxidant proteins, such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), results from an equilibrium created by positive or negative regulation by the transcription factors Nrf2, Keap1 and Bach1, respectively. However, whether the expression of these transcription factors is altered in emphysema and could account for decreased expression of antioxidant proteins is not known. A study was undertaken to investigate the expression and subcellular localisation of Nrf2, Keap1 and Bach1 as potential regulators of HO-1, GPX2 and NQO1 in alveolar macrophages, a key cell in oxidative stress, in lung surgical specimens from non-smokers without emphysema and smokers with and without emphysema. METHODS AND RESULTS Western blot, immunohistochemical and laser scanning confocal analysis revealed that the Nrf2 protein level decreased significantly in whole lung tissue and alveolar macrophages (cytosol and nucleus) in patients with emphysema compared with those without emphysema. Conversely, Bach1 and Keap1 levels were increased in patients with emphysema. These modifications were associated with a parallel decrease in the expression of HO-1, GPX2 and NQO1 at the cellular level, which was inversely correlated with airway obstruction and distension indexes, and increased macrophage expression of the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal. Silencing RNA experiments in vitro in THP-1 cells were performed to confirm the cause-effect relation between the loss of Nrf2 and the decrease in HO-1, NQO1 and GPX2 expression. Nrf2/Keap1-Bach1 equilibrium was altered in alveolar macrophages in pulmonary emphysema, which points to a decreased stress response phenotype. CONCLUSIONS This finding opens a new view of the pathophysiology of emphysema and could provide the basis for new therapeutic approaches based on preservation and/or restoration of such equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Goven
- Inserm U700, Faculté de Médecine Paris 7, Site X Bichat, BP416, 75870 Paris Cedex 18, France
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Bachoual R, Boczkowski J, Goven D, Amara N, Tabet L, On D, Leçon-Malas V, Aubier M, Lanone S. Biological effects of particles from the paris subway system. Chem Res Toxicol 2007; 20:1426-33. [PMID: 17883261 DOI: 10.1021/tx700093j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) from atmospheric pollution can easily deposit in the lungs and induce recruitment of inflammatory cells, a source of inflammatory cytokines, oxidants, and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), which are important players in lung structural homeostasis. In many large cities, the subway system is a potent source of PM emission, but little is known about the biological effects of PM from this source. We performed a comprehensive study to evaluate the biological effects of PM sampled at two sites (RER and Metro) in the Paris subway system. Murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) and C57Bl/6 mice, respectively, were exposed to 0.01-10 microg/cm2 and 5-100 microg/mouse subway PM or reference materials [carbon black (CB), titanium dioxide (TiO2), or diesel exhaust particles (DEPs)]. We analyzed cell viability, production of cellular and lung proinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP-2), KC (the murin analog of interleukin-8), and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF)], and mRNA or protein expression of MMP-2, -9, and -12 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Deferoxamine and polymixin B were used to evaluate the roles of iron and endotoxin, respectively. Noncytotoxic concentrations of subway PM (but not CB, TiO2, or DEPs) induced a time- and dose-dependent increase in TNFalpha and MIP-2 production by RAW 264.7 cells, in a manner involving, at least in part, PM iron content (34% inhibition of TNF production 8 h after stimulation of RAW 264.7 cells with 10 microg/cm2 RER particles pretreated with deferoxamine). Similar increased cytokine production was transiently observed in vivo in mice and was accompanied by an increased neutrophil cellularity of bronchoalveolar lavage (84.83+/-0.98% of polymorphonuclear neutrophils for RER-treated mice after 24 h vs 7.33+/-0.99% for vehicle-treated animals). Subway PM induced an increased expression of MMP-12 and HO-1 both in vitro and in vivo. PM from the Paris subway system has transient biological effects. Further studies are needed to better understand the pathophysiological implications of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafik Bachoual
- Inserm, U700 Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, site Bichat, and Biochimie B, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
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Goven D, Boutten A, Lecon-Malas V, Marchal J, Soler P, Leseche G, Fournier M, Crestani B, Boczkowski J, Bonay M. 029 Étude de l’expression pulmonaire de l’hème-oxygenase-1 dans les pneumothorax idiopathiques. Rev Mal Respir 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(06)71857-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Almolki A, Bachoual R, Goven D, Amara N, Samb A, Boczkowski J. L’hème oxygénase 1 (HO-1) diminue l’expression de mucus induite par la fumée de cigarette dans les voies aériennes chez le rat. Rev Mal Respir 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(06)72119-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lanone S, Bloc S, Foresti R, Almolki A, Taillé C, Callebert J, Conti M, Goven D, Aubier M, Dureuil B, El-Benna J, Motterlini R, Boczkowski J. Bilirubin decreases nos2 expression via inhibition of NAD(P)H oxidase: implications for protection against endotoxic shock in rats. FASEB J 2005; 19:1890-2. [PMID: 16129699 DOI: 10.1096/fj.04-2368fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigated a possible beneficial role for bilirubin, one of the products of heme degradation by the cytoprotective enzyme heme oxygenase-1 in counteracting Escherichia coli endotoxin-mediated toxicity. Homozygous jaundice Gunn rats, which display high plasma bilirubin levels due to deficiency of glucuronyl transferase activity, and Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to sustained exogenous bilirubin administration were more resistant to endotoxin (LPS)-induced hypotension and death compared with nonhyperbilirubinemic rats. LPS-stimulated production of nitric oxide (NO) was significantly decreased in hyperbilirubinemic rats compared with normal animals; this effect was associated with reduction of inducible NO synthase (NOS2) expression in renal, myocardial, and aortic tissues. Furthermore, NOS2 protein expression and activity were reduced in murine macrophages stimulated with LPS and preincubated with bilirubin at concentrations similar to that found in the serum of hyperbilirubinemic animals. This effect was secondary to inhibition of NAD(P)H oxidase since 1) inhibition of NAD(P)H oxidase attenuated NOS2 induction by LPS, 2) bilirubin decreased NAD(P)H oxidase activity in vivo and in vitro, and 3) down-regulation of NOS2 by bilirubin was reversed by addition of NAD(P)H. These findings indicate that bilirubin can act as an effective agent to reduce mortality and counteract hypotension elicited by endotoxin through mechanisms involving a decreased NOS2 induction secondary to inhibition of NAD(P)H oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Lanone
- INSERM U 700 and U 683, Faculté de Médecine Xavier Bichat, Université Paris VII, Paris, France
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