1
|
Chen L, Teng X, Tan H, Winn BL, Granroth GE, Ye F, Yu DH, Mole RA, Gao B, Yan B, Yi M, Dai P. Competing itinerant and local spin interactions in kagome metal FeGe. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1918. [PMID: 38429271 PMCID: PMC10907581 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The combination of a geometrically frustrated lattice, and similar energy scales between degrees of freedom endows two-dimensional Kagome metals with a rich array of quantum phases and renders them ideal for studying strong electron correlations and band topology. The Kagome metal, FeGe is a noted example of this, exhibiting A-type collinear antiferromagnetic (AFM) order at TN ≈ 400 K, then establishes a charge density wave (CDW) phase coupled with AFM ordered moment below TCDW ≈ 110 K, and finally forms a c-axis double cone AFM structure around TCanting ≈ 60 K. Here we use neutron scattering to demonstrate the presence of gapless incommensurate spin excitations associated with the double cone AFM structure of FeGe at temperatures well above TCanting and TCDW that merge into gapped commensurate spin waves from the A-type AFM order. Commensurate spin waves follow the Bose factor and fit the Heisenberg Hamiltonian, while the incommensurate spin excitations, emerging below TN where AFM order is commensurate, start to deviate from the Bose factor around TCDW, and peaks at TCanting. This is consistent with a critical scattering of a second order magnetic phase transition with decreasing temperature. By comparing these results with density functional theory calculations, we conclude that the incommensurate magnetic structure arises from the nested Fermi surfaces of itinerant electrons and the formation of a spin density wave order.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lebing Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Xiaokun Teng
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Hengxin Tan
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Barry L Winn
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Garrett E Granroth
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Feng Ye
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - D H Yu
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
| | - R A Mole
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Binghai Yan
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Pengcheng Dai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhu GF, Xu YW, Li J, Niu HL, Ma WX, Xu J, Zhou PR, Liu X, Ye DL, Liu XR, Yan T, Zhai WK, Xu ZJ, Liu C, Wang L, Wang H, Luo JM, Liu L, Li XQ, Guo S, Jiang HP, Shen P, Lin HK, Yu DH, Ding YQ, Zhang QL. Retraction Note: Mir20a/106a-WTX axis regulates RhoGDIa/CDC42 signaling and colon cancer progression. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5772. [PMID: 37723148 PMCID: PMC10507108 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41612-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Fang Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Yang-Wei Xu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Hui-Lin Niu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Wen-Xia Ma
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Pei-Rong Zhou
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Nanfang Hospital/First clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Dan-Li Ye
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Rong Liu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Tao Yan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Nanfang Hospital/First clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Wei-Ke Zhai
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Xu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Nanfang Hospital/First clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Chun Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Nanfang Hospital/First clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Nanfang Hospital/First clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Jia-Mao Luo
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Nanfang Hospital/First clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Li Liu
- Hepatology Unit and Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Xuan-Qi Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Suiqun Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510630, China
| | - Hui-Ping Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510630, China
| | - Peng Shen
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Hui-Kuan Lin
- Cancer Biology Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Di-Hua Yu
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yan-Qing Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China.
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China.
| | - Qing-Ling Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China.
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu GD, Xiao YG, Fang FY, Yao D, Liu J, Cao YH, Mao Y, Yu B, Yao TR, Wu YM, Qian YH, Yu DH. Monitoring of lung malignant epithelial cells by gene methylation analysis in the conditionally reprogrammed cell cultures. Neoplasma 2020; 67:692-699. [PMID: 32202907 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2020_190730n690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Conditionally reprogrammed cell (CRC) technology is an effective method for culturing primary malignant cells and non-malignant epithelial cells in vitro. This can be useful for precision medicine applications, such as drug sensitivity assays. However, this approach is commonly hindered by the non-specific growth of non-malignant epithelial cells in CRC cultures and the lack of effective biomarkers/assays to distinguish them from primary tumor cells. In this study, we developed a DNA methylation-based, real-time PCR assay to investigate SHOX2 and PTGER4 gene promoters as sensitive markers for human lung cancer. We first found that in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) malignant lung samples, 90% (28/31) had increased SHOX2 and/or PTGER4 promoter methylation as compared with their adjacent non-malignant samples. We then applied this assay to fresh surgical tumors and found increased SHOX2 and/or PTGER4 promoter methylation in 80% (20/25) of tumor samples as compared with their corresponding adjacent non-malignant tissues. Increased methylation of SHOX2 or PTGER4 promoter regions was also detected in 52% (13/25) of CRC cultures. The presence of malignant cells was confirmed by growth in soft agar cultures, a hallmark of malignant transformation, as well by EGFR mutation analysis. These results demonstrate that SHOX2 and PTGER4 promoter methylation levels can be used to detect malignant lung epithelial cells in CRC cultures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G D Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, 2nd People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - F Y Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, 2nd People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - D Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, 2nd People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - J Liu
- USK Bioscience, Shenzhen, China
| | - Y H Cao
- USK Bioscience, Shenzhen, China
| | - Y Mao
- USK Bioscience, Shenzhen, China
| | - B Yu
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - T R Yao
- USK Bioscience, Shenzhen, China
| | - Y M Wu
- Department of Histopathology, Xiaolan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China
| | - Y H Qian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, 2nd People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - D H Yu
- USK Bioscience, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhu GF, Xu YW, Li J, Niu HL, Ma WX, Xu J, Zhou PR, Liu X, Ye DL, Liu XR, Yan T, Zhai WK, Xu ZJ, Liu C, Wang L, Wang H, Luo JM, Liu L, Li XQ, Guo S, Jiang HP, Shen P, Lin HK, Yu DH, Ding YQ, Zhang QL. Mir20a/106a-WTX axis regulates RhoGDIa/CDC42 signaling and colon cancer progression. Nat Commun 2019; 10:112. [PMID: 30631060 PMCID: PMC6328557 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07998-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wilms tumor gene on the X chromosome (WTX) is a putative tumor suppressor gene in Wilms tumor, but its expression and functions in other tumors are unclear. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women and the second leading cause in men in the United States. We demonstrated that WTX frequently lost in CRC which was highly correlated with cell proliferation, tumor invasion and metastasis. Mechanistically, WTX loss disrupts the interaction between RhoGDIα and CDC42 by losing of the binding with RhoGDIα and triggers the activation of CDC42 and its downstream cascades, which promotes CRC development and liver metastasis. The aberrant upregulation of miR-20a/miR-106a were identified as the reason of WTX loss in CRC both in vivo and in vitro. These study defined the mechanism how miR-20a/miR-106a-mediated WTX loss regulates CRC progression and metastasis, and provided a potential therapeutic target for preventing CRC progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Fang Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Yang-Wei Xu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Hui-Lin Niu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Wen-Xia Ma
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Pei-Rong Zhou
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Nanfang Hospital/First clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Dan-Li Ye
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Rong Liu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Tao Yan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Nanfang Hospital/First clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Wei-Ke Zhai
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Xu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Nanfang Hospital/First clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Chun Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Nanfang Hospital/First clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Nanfang Hospital/First clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Jia-Mao Luo
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
- Nanfang Hospital/First clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Li Liu
- Hepatology Unit and Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Xuan-Qi Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Suiqun Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510630, China
| | - Hui-Ping Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510630, China
| | - Peng Shen
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China
| | - Hui-Kuan Lin
- Cancer Biology Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Di-Hua Yu
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yan-Qing Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China.
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China.
| | - Qing-Ling Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China.
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, GuangDong, 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yan XX, Yu Q, Gao YT, Li LT, Yu DH, Chen Y, Yao XJ, Yang WD, Chen ZJ, Yin JZ, An Y, Tan K. [Application of long term video electroencephalogram and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in detection of cognition in patients with benign epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spikes]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 97:1474-1478. [PMID: 28535638 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2017.19.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the relationship between the changes of brain network and cognition in patients with benign epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) by using long term video electroencephalogram (VEEG) and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) technology. Methods: Eleven patients with right-handed were recruited (from April 2015 to September 2016) from epilepsy specialist outpatients and functional department of neurosurgery of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital. They all underwent the long term VEEG monitoring (one sleep cycle was included at least). According to the spike-wave index (SWI) during slow ware sleep, they were divided into two groups: SWI<50% (5 cases) and SWI≥50% (6 cases). All the patients were assessed with cognitional test including language, execution, memory and attention. They also underwent the head MRI, RS-fMRI examinations. Then the results were comparatively analysed. Results: (1)There were no statisticaly significance in sex, age, age of onset, disease course, total number of seizures, years of education (P>0.05). The Full Intelligence Quotient (FIQ) (87±18), Verbal Intelligence Quotient (VIQ) (88±15) and Performance Intelligence Quotient (PIQ) (89±20) of SWI≥50% group were lower than SWI<50% group(118±8, 114±11, 119±5) and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). (2)There was a negative correlation between the FIQ (P=0.002), VIQ (P=0.006), PIQ (P=0.001) and SWI. The FIQ, VIQ and PIQ had no correlation with the sex, age, age of onset, disease course, total number of seizures, years of education (P>0.05). (3)Compared with SWI<50% group, SWI≥50% group showed increased regional homogeneity (ReHo) in the bilateral precentral gyrus, premotor area and the subcortical structure, the right temporal lobe and the bilateral insular lobe(P<0.05); while they showed decreased ReHo in the posterior cingulate gyrus, right posterior inferior temporal lobe and right occipital lobe(P<0.05). Conclusion: The change of the brain network which is caused by the paradoxical and constant discharge during slow ware sleep in patients with BECTS may affect the development of cognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X X Yan
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fan SG, Wei JF, Guo YH, Huang GJ, Yu DH. Development of coding single nucleotide polymorphic markers in the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata based on next-generation sequencing and high-resolution melting analysis. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr-15-gmr15049054. [PMID: 27820652 DOI: 10.4238/gmr15049054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The pearl oyster Pinctada fucata is an important commercial marine shellfish that is cultured for producing saltwater pearls. In this study, 468 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were screened from P. fucata transcriptome data, and 119 polymorphic SNPs were successfully isolated by a two-step small-amplicon high-resolution melting assay. Of these, 88 were annotated with BLAST in the Nr database and 90 were in the open reading frame, including 16 non-synonymous SNPs and 74 synonymous SNPs; 12 SNPs were in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) and 1 was in the 5'-UTR. Twenty-five SNPs were randomly chosen to test the genetic diversity of 40 wild individuals from Liusha Bay, China. All of the loci had two alleles. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.0417 to 0.6042 and from 0.2945 to 0.5053, respectively. Minor allele frequencies ranged from 0.1771 to 0.5000, and the polymorphism information content ranged from 0.2516 to 0.3750. These novel SNP markers can contribute to P. fucata genetics and breeding studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S G Fan
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - J F Wei
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y H Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - G J Huang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - D H Yu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fan SG, Wang JX, Zhang DL, Guo YH, Yu DH. Identification of 15 novel polymorphic microsatellite loci in pearl oyster (Pinctada fucata). Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr8655. [PMID: 27808361 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15048655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The pearl oyster Pinctada fucata is a commercially important marine shellfish. As a result, genetic improvement and selective-breeding program have been conducted for this species. Polymorphic microsatellites are effective molecular markers to investigate molecular marker-assisted selection and genetic variance. In this study, microsatellite DNAs were screened and characterized based on the partial genome sequence of P. fucata. We identified 111 microsatellite DNA motifs through mining the published draft genome sequence of P. fucata. Forty-two loci were screened with 8 P. fucata individuals, and 15 were found to be polymorphic and were therefore further evaluated using 40 wild individuals from the Daya Bay, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 8, with an average of 5.2667 for the 15 polymorphic loci. Observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.1154 to 0.6216 (0.3321 on average) and 0.4950 to 0.8491 (0.6768 on average), respectively. Of the 15 polymorphic loci, 12 loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni correction (P < 0.0033). Polymorphism information content ranged from 0.44 to 0.83 with a mean value of 0.63. The results suggest that the markers isolated in this study can be used for research on molecular marker-assisted selection and genetic variance of P. fucata.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S G Fan
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - J X Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - D L Zhang
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Y H Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - D H Yu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kim JE, Roh E, Lee MH, Yu DH, Kim DJ, Lim TG, Jung SK, Peng C, Cho YY, Dickinson S, Alberts D, Bowden GT, Einspahr J, Stratton SP, Curiel-Lewandrowski C, Bode AM, Lee KW, Dong Z. Fyn is a redox sensor involved in solar ultraviolet light-induced signal transduction in skin carcinogenesis. Oncogene 2015; 35:4091-101. [PMID: 26686094 PMCID: PMC4916055 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Solar ultraviolet (UV) light is a major etiological factor in skin carcinogenesis, with solar UV-stimulated signal transduction inducing pathological changes and skin damage. The primary sensor of solar UV-induced cellular signaling has not been identified. We use an experimental system of solar simulated light (SSL) to mimic solar UV and we demonstrate that Fyn is a primary redox sensor involved in SSL-induced signal transduction. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by SSL exposure directly oxidize Cys488 of Fyn, resulting in increased Fyn kinase activity. Fyn oxidation was increased in mouse skin after SSL exposure, and Fyn knockout (Fyn−/−) mice formed larger and more tumors compared to Fyn wildtype mice when exposed to SSL for an extended period of time. Murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) lacking Fyn as well as cells in which Fyn expression was knocked down were resistant to SSL-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, cells expressing mutant Fyn (C448A) were resistant to SSL-induced apoptosis. These findings suggest that Fyn acts as a regulatory nexus between solar UV, ROS and signal transduction during skin carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J-E Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA.,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - E Roh
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - M H Lee
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA.,China-US Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhenzhou, Henan, China
| | - D H Yu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - D J Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - T-G Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA.,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,Division of Strategic Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Jung
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA.,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Strategic Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - C Peng
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Y-Y Cho
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA.,College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - S Dickinson
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - D Alberts
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - G T Bowden
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - J Einspahr
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - S P Stratton
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - A M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - K W Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Z Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhu KC, Yu DH, Zhao JK, Wang WM, Wang HL. Morphological analysis and muscle-associated gene expression during different muscle growth phases of Megalobrama amblycephala. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:11639-51. [PMID: 26436405 DOI: 10.4238/2015.september.28.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle growth is regulated by both positive and negative factors, such as myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) and myostatin (MSTN), and involves both hyperplasia and hypertrophy. In the present study, morphological changes during muscle development in Megalobrama amblycephala were characterized and gene expression levels were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis in juvenile [60, 90, 120, and 180 days post-hatching (dph)] and adult fish. Our results show that during muscle development, the frequency of muscle fibers with a diameter <20 μm dramatically decreased in both red and white muscles, with a concomitant increase in the frequency of >30 μm fibers in red muscle and >50 μm fibers in white muscle. At 90-120 dph, the ratio of hyperplastic to hypertrophic areas in red and white muscles increased, but later decreased at 120-180 dph. The effect of hypertrophy was significantly larger than hyperplasia during these phases. qRT-PCR indicated MRF and MSTN (MSTNa and MSTNb) genes had similar expression patterns that peaked at 120 dph, with the exception of MSTNa. This new information on the molecular regulation of muscle growth and rapid growth phases will be of value to the cultivation of M. amblycephala.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K C Zhu
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - D H Yu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - J K Zhao
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - W M Wang
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - H L Wang
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Fishery, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang DL, Yu DH, Chen J, Chen C, Wang ZY. Co-expression of march5b and tlr7 in large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea in response to Cryptocaryon irritans infection. J Fish Biol 2015; 87:360-370. [PMID: 26179830 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, molecular characteristics of march5b and co-expression of march5b and tlr7 in response to the infection of Cryptocaryon irritans in the large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea were investigated. The full-length complementary (c)DNA of march5b was 1314 bp, including an open reading frame of 846 bp encoding a polypeptide of 281 amino acids, and the full-length genomic sequence was composed of 23,577 nucleotides, including six exons and five introns. The putative March5b protein contained a RINGv motif and four transmembrane domains. The march5b transcripts were broadly distributed in all detected tissues, with a strong expression in blood, brain and gills, and a weak expression in kidney by quantitative PCR analysis. The expression of march5b and tlr7 in the skin, gills, spleen and head kidney changed in the same manner at most time points post-primary infection with C. irritans. Significant increase was observed in the skin with march5b at days 2 and 3 by 26.10 and 6.88 fold, respectively, and with tlr7 at day 3 by 57.68 fold, when compared with the control. Their expressions, however, were decreased in the gills, especially at day 3 (march5b by 8.9%, tlr7 by 22.06%). In the spleen and head kidney, march5b and tlr7 transcripts were up-regulated early, then noticeably declined at day 3. These results suggested that march5b and tlr7 are co-expressed in response to parasite infection and March5b probably catalyses ubiquitination of some proteins of TLR7 signalling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D L Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, PR China
| | - D H Yu
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, PR China
| | - J Chen
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, PR China
| | - C Chen
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Z Y Wang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kim EB, Lee WK, Park CY, Yu DH, Lee SK, Park SE. Direct comparison of optical frequency combs using a comb-injection-lock technique. Opt Express 2008; 16:10721-10727. [PMID: 18607488 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.010721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This paper demonstrates a direct comparison of optical frequency combs (OFCs) with different repetition rates without a stable intermediate laser using a single-mode comb-injection-lock technique. Two OFCs based on Ti:Sapphire mode-locked lasers were compared utilizing a single-mode diode laser for the selection and the amplification of one mode of an OFC by comb-injection, which makes the direct comb comparison possible. The frequencies of the two combs were found to agree within 0.019 Hz at 352 THz with the uncertainty of 0.25 Hz (7.1 x 10(-16) ). This is one of the best results among the comparisons of combs referenced to a microwave frequency. This technique simplifies the comb comparison utilities and can be applied even when repetition rates differ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E B Kim
- Division of physical Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science,1 Doryong-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-340, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cai H, Yu DH, Hu XD, Li SX, Zhu YX. A combined DNA vaccine-prime, BCG-boost strategy results in better protection against Mycobacterium bovis challenge. DNA Cell Biol 2006; 25:438-47. [PMID: 16907641 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2006.25.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrated that calves vaccinated with a combined DNA vaccine encoding Ag85B, MPT- 64, and MPT-83 antigens from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis for the priming and subsequently boosting with BCG prior to experimental challenge with virulent Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) resulted in improved immune responses over immunizing. Vaccination with the combined DNA/BCG induced higher levels of antigen- specific gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) in whole-blood cultures 4 weeks after final vaccination and the level of antigen-specific IFN-gamma in response to Ag85, MPT-64, and MPT-83 were still higher 4 weeks after challenge when compared to the combined DNA group. There was a significant bias toward induction of CD4+ T cells rather than CD8+ T cells responses, and the mean percentage of CD4+ T cells was increased about 2.6-fold in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) cultures in DNA prime-BCG boost vaccination when compared to the nonvaccinated group. In addition, DNA prime-BCG boost vaccination resulted in stronger humoral immune responses, and the levels of the specific antibodies to three antigens were increased two- to 32- fold when compared to the combined DNA group. Vaccination with the combined DNA/BCG induced a high level of protection against an intratracheal challenge with virulent M. bovis, based on a significant enhancement of six pathological and microbiological parameters of protection compared to the nonvaccinated group. Finally, the combined DNA/BCG increased the protective efficacy by more than 10-100-fold as measured by reduced CFU counts in the lungs from calves challenged with M. bovis compared to the combined DNA and BCG groups. These results suggest that use of the prime-boost strategy offers better protection against bovine tuberculosis than does the combined DNA vaccines and BCG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Cai
- National Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cai H, Yu DH, Tian X, Zhu YX. Coadministration of Interleukin 2 Plasmid DNA with Combined DNA Vaccines Significantly Enhances the Protective Efficacy AgainstMycobacterium tuberculosis. DNA Cell Biol 2005; 24:605-13. [PMID: 16225391 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2005.24.605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coadministration of interleukin 2(IL-2) plasmid DNA with combined DNA vaccines enhanced Th1-type cellular responses by producing higher amounts of IFN-gamma with a higher ratio of antigen-specific IgG2a/IgG1. The IFN-gamma specific for Ag85B, MPT64, and MPT83 in this group was 415, 267, and 255 U/ml, respectively, and was 1.6-, 1.8-, and 2.5-fold higher than that of the same vaccine without adding IL-2. The IgG2a/IgG1 ratio for Ag85B, MPT64, and MPT83 was 4, 8, and 4, respectively, upon addition of the genetic adjuvant in the DNA vaccine, which was four times higher for every antigen when IL-2 was not included. Fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis showed that, in the presence of IL-2, CD8+ and CD4+ T cells increased significantly, whereas in the absence of the genetic adjuvant, only a mild increase was observed for CD8+ T cells compared to the vector DNA-treated group. Bacterial CFU was reduced to less than 1/100 in the lung and to about 1/10 in the spleen relative to the same combined DNA vaccine without IL-2. The lungs of this group of mice showed much less damage due to an influx of epithelioid macrophages and less lymphocytes. RT-PCR showed that antigen genes could be detected in more organs and for a longer period of time when treated with combined DNA vaccine formulated in IL-2. We suggest that IL-2 enhanced the immunigencity and protective efficacy in immunized mice by improving the Th1-type response and also by prolonging the antigen gene expression in different organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Cai
- The National Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectosigmoid colon is an uncommon benign vascular lesion. We report 5 cases of diffuse cavernous hemangioma, focusing on the clinical features, diagnosis procedure and treatment. Five patients have undergone sphincter-saving procedures, 3 cases had coloanal sleeve anastomoses and 1 patient each had pull-through anastomosis and lower anterior resection. During the follow-up, which ranged from 3 to 10 years, 3 patients had no further anal bleeding and 2 patients had minor intermittent anal bleeding. Continence for normal stool was satisfactory in all patients. In conclusion, sphincter-saving procedure is most appropriate and curative approach for the treatment of diffuse cavernous hemangioma. Imaging study plays an important role in the diagnosis, preoperative staging and follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H T Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cai H, Hu XD, Yu DH, Li SX, Tian X, Zhu YX. Combined DNA vaccine encapsulated in microspheres enhanced protection efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of mice. Vaccine 2005; 23:4167-74. [PMID: 15908060 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2004] [Revised: 12/16/2004] [Accepted: 03/07/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In a study to develop novel vaccination strategies against tuberculosis, we encapsulated DNA encoding Ag85B, MPT-64 and MPT-83 antigens mixed with dimethyldioctyldecyl ammonium bromide (DDA) into biodegradable poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide, PLGA) microspheres. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis demonstrated a uniform microsphere population with a mean diameter of <5microm. Using RT-PCR we were able to demonstrate antigen gene expression in selected tissue. Moreover, in mice injected with PLGA encapsulated DNA, the levels of expression appeared to be higher comparing to those injected with non-encapsulated DNA. Also, C57BL/6 mice immunized with a single dose of PLGA encapsulated DNA produced increased levels of IFN-gamma in the supernatant of spleen cells when cultured in the presence of the recombinant antigens. High levels of specific IgG antibody against the three antigens were also observed. In vaccine/challenge experiments, mice receiving a single dose of PLGA encapsulated DNA were protected against Mycobacterium tuberculosis challenge at levels comparable to groups of mice immunized with three doses of non-encapsulated DNA vaccine or with Mycobacterium bovis BCG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Cai
- National Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cai H, Tian X, Hu XD, Li SX, Yu DH, Zhu YX. Combined DNA vaccines formulated either in DDA or in saline protect cattle from Mycobacterium bovis infection. Vaccine 2005; 23:3887-95. [PMID: 15917109 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2005] [Revised: 03/23/2005] [Accepted: 03/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We tested the effectiveness of combined DNA vaccines encoding antigens Ag85B, MPT64 and MPT83 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis on cattle. Our results showed that calves treated with combined DNA vaccines in the presence of dimethyldioctyldecyl ammonium bromide (DDA) or saline elicited a strong gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) response 1 or 2 months after the third vaccination. All three antigens induced substantial levels of IFN-gamma production 1 month after the bacterial challenge, when the BCG-driven IFN-gamma levels dropped to less than one third of their peak values. Animals receiving combined DNA vaccines produced highest amounts of IgG antibody titer 2 months after the third vaccination. Steady state low IgG levels were found 2 months after bacterial challenge. A few small lung and lymph node lesions were detected in 1/5 animals treated with combined DNA vaccines, whereas 3/5 of BCG-treated and 5/5 of vector-control calves showed larger and significantly more lesions. About 70- to 100-fold fewer bacteria were found in the lungs and lymph nodes of combined DNA vaccine-treated animals compared to those of the control group. Histopathological analyses showed that vaccinated calves possessed substantially improved post-infection lung and lymph node pathology relative to the controls. Our data indicate that combined DNA vaccines may be used in cattle to combat bovine tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Cai
- National Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Williams JF, Yu DH. Electron exchange in dissociative excitation of molecular hydrogen using polarized electrons. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:073201. [PMID: 15324234 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.073201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The effects of electron exchange and spin orbit interaction in dissociative excitation processes in H2 molecules have been explored using excitation by polarized electrons. Observations of the circular and linear Stokes polarizations of the Balmer-alpha photons determined the alignment and orientation of the excited atomic hydrogen atoms, the excited molecular states, and the dissociative excitation processes via predissociation with short and long range transitions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J F Williams
- Center for Atomic, Molecular and Surface Physics, School of Physics, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lee KH, Ahn JI, Yu DH, Jeong HS, Lee SH, Kim KS, Chung IY, Kim JH, Lee YS. Effect of N-glycosylation on ligand binding affinity of rat V1a vasopressin receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 286:707-13. [PMID: 11520055 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A rat Vla vasopressin (rVla) receptor has two putative N-glycosylation sites at 14th and 27th amino acid asparagine in the extracellular N-terminus. In the present study, we examined the possible roles of N-glycosylation of the N-terminus in the receptor function. Three point mutants for deglycosylated rVla receptor were generated in which the 14th and/or the 27th asparagine was replaced with glutamine, namely N14Q, N27Q, and N14:27Q, each tagged with an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) at their C-termini, and transfected to COS-7 or HEK292 cells. The two single mutants and a double mutant have progressively smaller molecular mass compared to the wild-type receptor as determined by immunoblot analysis, indicating that the two sites are effectively glycosylated in vivo. The maximal ligand binding capacities of three mutant receptors were comparable to that of wild-type (17.02 +/- 1.32 pmol/g protein) with modest changes in ligand binding affinities: N27Q and N14:27Q had decreased binding affinities compared to N14Q and wild-type receptors. The reduced binding affinities of the deglycosylated mutants are not likely due to the impaired intracellular transport since their traffickings were indistinguishable from one another. Taken together, these results suggest that the N-glycosylation at the two sites of the N-terminus of rV1a receptor minimally affects the surface expression and trafficking of the receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K H Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hu W, Yu DH, Wang YP, Wu KC, Zhu ZY. [Electroporation of sperm to introduce foreign DNA into the genome of Pinctada maxima (Jameson)]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2000; 16:165-8. [PMID: 10976319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Gene transfer was investigated in marine molluscs via electroporated sperm. Sperm of P. maxima (J.) was incubated with linear "all-fish" growth hormone gene (pCAgcGH and pCAgcGHc) for 30 min. Then, mature eggs were in-vitro fertilized with the sperm cells treated with electroporation at 10 kV and 2(7) pulses of six cycles. DNA was extracted from spat and analyzed by PCR and southern blot. The results indicated that the foreign DNA had been transferred into the genome of experimental molluscs. The transgenetic ration was 5.6%, 20% and 50% when 2 micrograms/mL, 6 micrograms/mL and 18 micrograms/mL of foreign DNA was used, respectively. It is suggested that the transferred efficiency is correlated with the amount of the foreign DNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Hu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shi ZQ, Yu DH, Park M, Marshall M, Feng GS. Molecular mechanism for the Shp-2 tyrosine phosphatase function in promoting growth factor stimulation of Erk activity. Mol Cell Biol 2000; 20:1526-36. [PMID: 10669730 PMCID: PMC85329 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.20.5.1526-1536.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) by epidermal growth factor (EGF) treatment was significantly decreased in mouse fibroblast cells expressing a mutant Shp-2 molecule lacking 65 amino acids in the SH2-N domain, Shp-2(Delta46-110). To address the molecular mechanism for the positive role of Shp-2 in mediating Erk induction, we evaluated the activation of signaling components upstream of Erk in Shp-2 mutant cells. EGF-stimulated Ras, Raf, and Mek activation was significantly attenuated in Shp-2 mutant cells, suggesting that Shp-2 acts to promote Ras activation or to suppress the down-regulation of activated Ras. Biochemical analyses indicate that upon EGF stimulation, Shp-2 is recruited into a multiprotein complex assembled on the Gab1 docking molecule and that Shp-2 seems to exert its biological function by specifically dephosphorylating an unidentified molecule of 90 kDa in the complex. The mutant Shp-2(Delta46-110) molecule failed to participate in the Gab1-organized complex for dephosphorylation of p90, correlating with a defective activation of the Ras-Raf-Mek-Erk cascade in EGF-treated Shp-2 mutant cells. Evidence is also presented that Shp-2 does not appear to modulate the signal relay from EGF receptor to Ras through the Shc, Grb2, and Sos proteins. These results begin to elucidate the mechanism of Shp-2 function downstream of a receptor tyrosine kinase to promote the activation of the Ras-Erk pathway, with potential therapeutic applications in cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Q Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Walther Oncology Center, Indiana University School of Medicine and Walther Cancer Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5254, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tanowitz M, Si J, Yu DH, Feng GS, Mei L. Regulation of neuregulin-mediated acetylcholine receptor synthesis by protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2. J Neurosci 1999; 19:9426-35. [PMID: 10531446 PMCID: PMC6782930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Synapse-specific expression of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) is believed to be mediated by neuregulin, an epidermal growth factor-like trophic factor released by somatic motoneurons at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Neuregulin stimulates ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4, members of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases. SHP2 is a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase containing two Src homology 2 domains near its N terminus, and has been shown to be a positive mediator of mitogenic responses to various growth factors. We found that SHP2 interacted with ErbB2 and ErbB3 after neuregulin stimulation of muscle cells. Expression of SHP2 in C2C12 mouse muscle cells attenuated the neuregulin-induced expression of an AChR epsilon-promoter reporter gene, whereas a catalytically inactive SHP2 mutant or a mutant lacking the N-terminal Src homology 2 (SH2) domain enhanced reporter expression, suggesting that SHP2 negatively regulates the neuregulin signaling pathway. In fibroblast cells that express a mutant SHP2 with a targeted deletion of the N-terminal SH2 domain, neuregulin-mediated activation of the Ras/Raf/extracellular signal-regulated kinase cascade was enhanced. Furthermore, we found that SHP2 immunoreactivity colocalized with the staining of alpha-bungarotoxin, a marker of the NMJ. These results demonstrate a negative role of SHP2 in the neuregulin signal that leads to AChR gene expression at the NMJ.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Line
- Cells, Cultured
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Genes, Reporter
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Neuregulin-1/pharmacology
- Neuregulin-1/physiology
- Neuromuscular Junction/metabolism
- Peptide Fragments/pharmacology
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases/deficiency
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases/genetics
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases/metabolism
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptor, ErbB-3/metabolism
- Receptors, Cholinergic/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/biosynthesis
- Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
- SH2 Domain-Containing Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases
- Sequence Deletion
- Transfection
- src Homology Domains
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Tanowitz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhao C, Yu DH, Shen R, Feng GS. Gab2, a new pleckstrin homology domain-containing adapter protein, acts to uncouple signaling from ERK kinase to Elk-1. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:19649-54. [PMID: 10391903 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.28.19649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a novel human adapter molecule containing a pleckstrin homolgy (PH) domain at the N terminus that is closely related to human Grb2-associated binder 1, Gab1, and Drosophila daughter of sevenless. We designate this protein as Gab2. Northern blot analysis indicates that Gab2 is widely expressed and has an overlapping but distinctive expression pattern as compared with Gab1, with high levels of Gab2 mRNA detected in the heart, brain, placenta, spleen, ovary, peripheral blood leukocytes, and spinal cord. Upon tyrosine phosphorylation, Gab2 physically interacts with Shp2 tyrosine phosphatase and Grb2 adapter protein. Strikingly, Gab2 has an inhibitory effect on the activation of Elk-1-dependent transcription triggered by a dominant active Ras mutant (RasV12) or under growth factor stimulation, whereas Gab1 acts to potentiate slightly the Elk-1 activity in the same system. In contrast to the reciprocal effects of Gab1 and Gab2 in mediating Elk-1 induction, these two molecules have a similar function in extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation induced by either oncogenic Ras or growth factor stimulation. Taken together, these results argue that Gab1 and Gab2, two closely related PH-containing adapter proteins, might have distinct roles in coupling cytoplasmic-nuclear signal transduction. This is the first evidence that an intracellular molecule with a PH domain operates as a negative effector in signal relay to the regulation of gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Walther Oncology Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5254, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
You M, Yu DH, Feng GS. Shp-2 tyrosine phosphatase functions as a negative regulator of the interferon-stimulated Jak/STAT pathway. Mol Cell Biol 1999; 19:2416-24. [PMID: 10022928 PMCID: PMC84034 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.19.3.2416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/1998] [Accepted: 11/18/1998] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Shp-2 is an SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase. Although the mechanism remains to be defined, substantial experimental data suggest that Shp-2 is primarily a positive regulator in cell growth and development. We present evidence here that Shp-2, while acting to promote mitogenic signals, also functions as a negative effector in interferon (IFN)-induced growth-inhibitory and apoptotic pathways. Treatment of mouse fibroblast cells lacking a functional Shp-2 with IFN-alpha or IFN-gamma resulted in an augmented suppression of cell viability compared to that of wild-type cells. To dissect the molecular mechanism, we examined IFN-induced activation of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) by electrophoretic mobility shift assay, using a specific DNA probe (hSIE). The amounts of STAT proteins bound to hSIE upon IFN-alpha or IFN-gamma stimulation were significantly increased in Shp-2(-/-) cells. Consistently, tyrosine phosphorylation levels of Stat1 upon IFN-gamma treatment and, to a lesser extent, upon IFN-alpha stimulation were markedly elevated in mutant cells. Furthermore, IFN-gamma induced a higher level of caspase 1 expression in Shp-2(-/-) cells than in wild-type cells. Reintroduction of wild-type Shp-2 protein reversed the hypersensitivity of Shp-2(-/-) fibroblasts to the cytotoxic effect of IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma. Excessive activation of STATs by IFNs was also diminished in mutant cells in which Shp-2 had been reintroduced. Together, these results establish that Shp-2 functions as a negative regulator of the Jak/STAT pathway. We propose that Shp-2 acts to promote cell growth and survival through two mechanisms, i.e., the stimulation of growth factor-initiated mitogenic pathways and the suppression of cytotoxic effect elicited by cytokines, such as IFNs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M You
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Walther Oncology Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5254, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Shp-2, a widely expressed cytoplasmic tyrosine phosphatase with two SH2 domains, is believed to participate in signal relay downstream of growth factor receptors. We show here that this phosphatase also plays an important role in the control of cell spreading, migration, and cytoskeletal architecture. Fibroblast cells lacking a functional Shp-2 were impaired in their ability to spread and migrate on fibronectin compared with wild-type cells. Furthermore, Shp-2 mutant cells displayed an increased number of focal adhesions and condensed F-actin aggregation at the cell periphery, properties reminiscent of focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-deficient cells. This is consistent with our previous observations in vivo that mice homozygous for the Shp-2 mutation died at midgestation with similar phenotype to FAK and fibronectin-deficient embryos, having severe defects in mesodermal patterning, particularly the truncation of posterior structures. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that FAK dephosphorylation was significantly reduced in Shp-2 mutant cells in suspension. Furthermore, regulated association of Src SH2 domain with FAK and paxillin during cell attachment and detachment on fibronectin was disrupted in Shp-2 mutant cells. This report defines a unique role of the Shp-2 tyrosine phosphatase in cell motility, which might guide the design of a new strategy for pharmaceutical interference of tumor metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D H Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine and Walther Cancer Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-5254, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Korebrits C, Yu DH, Ramirez MM, Marinoni E, Bocking AD, Challis JR. Antenatal glucocorticoid administration increases corticotrophin-releasing hormone in maternal plasma. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1998; 105:556-61. [PMID: 9637127 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1998.tb10158.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to determine whether maternal corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) concentrations are altered after maternal betamethasone administration for fetal lung maturity in women with threatened preterm labour and whether these effects are dependent on gestational age. METHODS Our study included 49 women with threatened preterm labour who received prenatal betamethasone for fetal lung maturity between 24 and 31 weeks of gestational age and 11 women who did not. Maternal blood was taken before and after glucocorticoid administration or at 24 hours after initial sampling. Plasma CRH, adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) and cortisol concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassays. The women were stratified into 24-25 weeks, 26-27 weeks, 28-29 weeks, and 30-31 weeks completed gestation. RESULTS At each gestational age, maternal cortisol concentrations decreased by approximately 85% after glucocorticoid administration. Overall mean cortisol values fell from 580.0 (SD, 351.8) to 89.7 (96.6) nmol/L (n = 40, P < 0.001). Overall mean ACTH values decreased from 9.9 (4.7) to 5.0 (3.4) pmol/L (n = 43, P < 0.001), and the approximate 50% decrease was similar at each gestational age. In marked contrast, overall mean CRH values increased from 58.0 (37.0) to 87.8 (68.6) pmol/L (n = 49, P < 0.001) after betamethasone administration. There was no change in maternal cortisol, ACTH or CRH values over 24 hours in women who did not receive betamethasone. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that maternal betamethasone administration increases maternal plasma CRH values between 24 and 31 completed weeks of gestation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Korebrits
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Ontario, St Joseph's Health Centre, London, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
|
27
|
Zhao GR, Yu DH, Ma HC. [Care of Blakemore tube for acute hemorrhage from esophageal varices in children]. Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi 1996; 31:84-6. [PMID: 8716754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
28
|
Abstract
Recent advances in colostomy care are described. A colostomy is a surgically created opening of the large bowel through the abdominal wall. Three kinds of stoma care are presented, paying particular attention to several advances and setbacks. The special conditions of colostomy care in China are described.
Collapse
|
29
|
Lappalainen J, Zhang L, Dean M, Oz M, Ozaki N, Yu DH, Virkkunen M, Weight F, Linnoila M, Goldman D. Identification, expression, and pharmacology of a Cys23-Ser23 substitution in the human 5-HT2c receptor gene (HTR2C). Genomics 1995; 27:274-9. [PMID: 7557992 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1995.1042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The function of brain serotonin-2C (5-HT2C) receptors, including behavioral and neurochemical responses to 5-HT2C agonist challenge, has been suggested to be abnormal in individuals with neuropsychiatric disorders. Thus, it is important to identify polymorphisms and functional variants within this gene. Using SSCP analysis, we identified a Cys23-Ser23 substitution (designated 5-HT2Ccys and 5-HT2Cser) in the first hydrophobic region of the human 5-HT2C receptor. Allele frequencies in unrelated Caucasians were 0.13 and 0.87 for 5-HT2Cser and 5-HT2Ccys, respectively. DNAs from informative CEPH families were typed for this polymorphism and analyzed with respect to 20 linked markers on the X chromosome. Linkage analysis placed the 5-HT2C receptor gene (HTR2C) on Xq24. To evaluate whether this amino acid substitution causes a variant function of this receptor, recombinant human 5-HT2Ccys and 5-HT2Cser receptors were expressed in Xenopus oocytes and tested for responses to 5-HT using electrophysiological techniques. Concentration-response curves for 5-HT were not significantly different in oocytes expressing either form of the receptor, suggesting that the 5-HT2Ccys and 5-HT2Cser receptor proteins may not differ in their responses to serotonin under baseline physiological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Lappalainen
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, DICBR, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chan JC, Scanlon M, Zhang HZ, Jia LB, Yu DH, Hung MC, French M, Eastman EM. Molecular cloning and characterization of v-mos-activated transformation-associated proteins. J Biol Chem 1992; 267:1099-103. [PMID: 1370458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Using monoclonal antibodies we previously detected two forms of transformation-associated proteins, a 64-kDa protein and a 68-kDa protein, in temperature-sensitive 110-Moloney murine sarcoma virus-mutant-transformed rat kidney 6m2 cells. The identity and functions of the transformation-associated proteins were previously unknown. By molecular cloning techniques and immunoscreening, we have isolated two cDNA clones (34A and 79B3) that were found by Western blot analysis to code for a monoclonal anti-transformation-associated protein antibody-reactive polypeptide of approximately 58 kDa. Limited restriction enzyme mapping indicated 34A and 79B3 are two different cDNA clones. The nucleotide sequence of 34A cDNA was determined, and a search of GenBank revealed that it is identical to that of rat transin-2. The deduced amino acid sequence of 34A shares 71% sequence identity with rat transin and 41-76% identity with six human metalloproteinases. The limited restriction enzyme mapping and partial nucleotide sequencing data indicated that 79B3 may be the rat transin gene. When either 34A cDNA or 79B3 cDNA was used as a probe in Northern blot analysis, one mRNA band of approximately 1.9 kilobases was detected in 6m2 cells grown at the permissive temperature of 33 degrees C, at which the cells exhibited transformation properties, and a much lower level in 6m2 cells grown at the nonpermissive temperature of 39 degrees C, at which the cells reverted to normal phenotypes. These results suggest that at 39 degrees C, these two genes were not transcribed at the same level as at 33 degrees C. Zymogram and Western blot analysis of 6m2 cells further confirmed that the 64- and 68-kDa proteins have metalloproteinase activities and that the synthesis of metalloproteinases was also temperature-sensitive. Apparently, the two proteins we formerly designated transformation-associated proteins are members of the rat transin gene family. Therefore, within v-mos transformed 6m2 cells, the absence of transformation-associated protein (metalloproteinase) synthesis at the nonpermissive temperature was due to the absence of transcription of two rat transin genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J C Chan
- Department of Tumor Biology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030-4009
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chan JC, Scanlon M, Zhang HZ, Jia LB, Yu DH, Hung MC, French M, Eastman EM. Molecular cloning and characterization of v-mos-activated transformation-associated proteins. J Biol Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)48401-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
32
|
Yu DH, Hung MC. Expression of activated rat neu oncogene is sufficient to induce experimental metastasis in 3T3 cells. Oncogene 1991; 6:1991-6. [PMID: 1682865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Amplification or overexpression of the human neu oncogene has been shown to correlate with the number of lymph node metastases in breast cancer patients, suggesting that expression of the neu oncogene may be associated with increased metastatic potential. However, there has been no systematic study on the role of the neu oncogene in metastasis to support this correlation. In our study, mouse embryo fibroblast 3T3 cells transformed by the mutation-activated rat neu oncogene exhibited metastatic properties both in vitro and in vivo, while parental 3T3 cells did not. Monoclonal antibodies capable of inducing down-regulation of the neu-encoded p185 protein reduced the metastatic potential induced by neu. These data provide strong experimental evidence that neu oncogene expression is sufficient for the induction of metastasis in the 3T3 cell system and supply a molecular basis supporting the correlations found in clinical observation. The results also suggest that neu-specific monoclonal antibodies may have preventative or therapeutic potential for neu-induced metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D H Yu
- Department of Tumor Biology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
The adenovirus type 5 early region 1A (E1A) gene was introduced into neu-transformed B104-1-1 cells. Cells that expressed E1A possessed reduced transforming activity in vitro and reduced tumorigenicity in nude mice. These results demonstrate that the E1A gene products can act negatively to suppress the transformed phenotype in neu-transformed cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D H Yu
- Department of Tumor Biology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Bombesin (BN), gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) and GRP(18-27) (neuromedin C) were equipotent and 30-fold more potent than neuromedin B (NMB) in inhibiting binding of 125I-GRP to and in stimulating amylase release from mouse pancreatic acini. In the present study we used 125I-GRP and chemical cross-linking techniques to characterize the mouse pancreatic BN receptor. After binding of 125I-GRP to membranes, and incubation with various chemical cross-linking agents, cross-linked radioactivity was analyzed by SDS-PAG electrophoresis and autoradiography. With each of 4 different chemical cross-linking agents, there was a single broad polypeptide band of Mr 80,000. Cross-linking did not occur in the absence of the cross-linking agent. Cross-linking was inhibited only by peptides that interact with the BN receptor such as GRP, NMB, GRP(18-27) or BN. Dose-inhibition curves for the ability of BN or NMB to inhibit binding of 125I-GRP to membranes or cross-linking to the 80,000 polypeptide demonstrated for both that BN was 15-fold more potent than NMB. The apparent molecular weight of the cross-linked polypeptide was unchanged by adding dithiothreitol. N-Glycanase treatment reduced the molecular weight of the cross-linked peptide to 40,000. The present results indicate that the BN receptor on mouse pancreatic acinar cell membranes resembles that recently described on various tumor cells in being a single glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 76,000. Because dithiothreitol had no effect, this glycoprotein is not a subunit of a larger disulfide-linked structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S C Huang
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yu DH, Huang SC, Wank SA, Mantey S, Gardner JD, Jensen RT. Pancreatic receptors for cholecystokinin: evidence for three receptor classes. Am J Physiol 1990; 258:G86-95. [PMID: 2301586 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.1990.258.1.g86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
For inhibition of binding of 125I-Bolton-Hunter-labeled cholecystokinin octapeptide (125I-BH-CCK-8) to guinea pig pancreatic acini, the potencies for agonists were CCK-8 greater than desulfated [des(SO3)] CCK-8 greater than gastrin-17-I greater than pentagastrin greater than CCK-4 and for the antagonists L 364718 greater than proglumide analogue 10 greater than CBZ-CCK-(27-32)-NH2. For all non-sulfated agonists, the curves were biphasic with 20% of the tracer bound to sites with high affinity for these agonists with the following relative potencies: gastrin-17-I greater than pentagastrin greater than des(SO3)CCK-8 much greater than CCK-4; whereas 80% was bound to low-affinity sites with the following potencies: des(SO3)CCK-8 greater than gastrin-17-I = pentagastrin much greater than CCK-4. For L 364718 and proglumide analogue 10, 80% of 125I-BH-CCK-8 was bound to sites with high affinity for these antagonists and 20% to sites with low affinity. Analysis of the dose-inhibition curve for CCK-8 demonstrated two binding sites; however, comparison with the analysis in the presence of 0.1 microM gastrin-17-I suggested three binding sites. The gastrin-17-I dose-inhibition curve was significantly better fit by a three-site model than by a two-site model. The affinities of the various agonists and antagonists for the three sites were compared with their abilities to inhibit binding of 125I-gastrin-I and either stimulate or inhibit CCK-8-stimulated amylase release. These results demonstrate that 125I-BH-CCK-8 binds to three classes of receptors, not two as reported previously. Two classes are CCK-preferring, bind 83% of 125I-BH-CCK-8 at tracer concentrations, and comprise high- and low-affinity CCK-preferring sites that can be distinguished by all agonists but have equally high affinity for L 364718 and proglumide 10. A third class binds 17% of the tracer, cannot be differentiated from high-affinity CCK-preferring receptors by CCK-8, and has low affinities for L 364718 and proglumide 10. Future studies relating binding of 125I-BH-CCK-8 to biological activity or characterization of the CCK receptor by using radiolabeled agonists should consider CCK interaction with three receptors, not two as was done in the past.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D H Yu
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
We investigated the importance of sulfation of gastrin or cholecystokinin (CCK) on influencing their affinity for gastrin or CCK receptors by comparing the abilities of sulfated gastrin-17 (gastrin-17-II), desulfated gastrin-17 (gastrin-17-I), CCK-8 and desulfated CCK-8 [des(SO3)CCK-8] to interact with CCK or gastrin receptors on guinea pig pancreatic acini. For inhibiting binding of 125I-gastrin to gastrin receptors, gastrin-17-II (Kd 0.08 nM) greater than CCK-8 (Kd 0.4 nM) greater than gastrin-17-I (Kd 1.5 nM) greater than des(SO3)CCK-8 (Kd 28 nM). For inhibiting binding of 125I-Bolton Hunter-labeled CCK-8 to CCK receptors the relative potencies were: CCK-8 much greater than des(SO3)CCK-8 = gastrin-17-II greater than gastrin-17-I. Each peptide interacted with both high and low affinity CCK binding sites. The relative abilities of each peptide to interact with high affinity CCK receptors showed a close correlation with their abilities to cause half-maximal stimulation of enzyme secretion. These results demonstrate that, in contrast to older studies, sulfation of both CCK and gastrin increase their affinities for both gastrin and CCK receptors. Moreover, the gastrin receptor is relatively insensitive to the position of the sulfate moiety, whereas the CCK receptor is extremely sensitive to both the presence and exact position of the sulfate moiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S C Huang
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yu DH. [Puborectalis syndrome: a cause of obstinate constipation]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 1989; 27:267-8, 316. [PMID: 2805999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Two patients with severe chronic constipation caused by spasmodic hypertrophy of puborectalis underwent partial resection of the muscle. Pre-operative anorectal manometry showed increased length of the anal canal. Concentric electromyography showed that the puborectalis muscle failed to relax during attempted defecation and patients were unable to expel a water-filled balloon from the rectum. After surgery they have a regular defecation without difficulty. We consider that partial resection of the puborectalis muscle is a useful procedure for the puborectalis syndrome.
Collapse
|
38
|
Yu DH, Noguchi M, Zhou ZC, Villanueva ML, Gardner JD, Jensen RT. Characterization of gastrin receptors on guinea pig pancreatic acini. Am J Physiol 1987; 253:G793-801. [PMID: 2447788 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.1987.253.6.g793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated gastrin receptors in some pancreatic tumors and that gastrin is a potent stimulant of pancreatic Na+-H+ exchange. In the present study we used 125I-labeled gastrin (125I-gastrin) to characterize gastrin receptors on guinea pig pancreatic acini. Binding of 125I-gastrin was temperature dependent, saturable, and specific for gastrin-related peptides. Analysis demonstrated a single class of receptors with high affinity for gastrin (Kd = 1.5 nM) and a binding capacity of 1 fmol/mg protein. Binding of 125I-gastrin was inhibited with the following relative potencies (Kd): cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) (0.35 nM) greater than gastrin-17-I = gastrin-34-I (1.5 nM) greater than pentagastrin (7 nM) greater than desulfated [des(SO3)]CCK-8 (28 nM) greater than CCK-4 (508 nM) and by the receptor antagonists CBZ-CCK-27-32-NH2 (3.5 microM) greater than proglumide analogue 10 (30 microM) greater than asperlicin (265 microM) greater than Bt2-guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (828 micron). In contrast, for both stimulation of enzyme secretion and inhibition of binding of 125I-CCK-8 the relative potencies were CCK-8 much greater than des(SO3)CCK-8 greater than gastrin-17-I = gastrin-34-I greater than pentagastrin greater than CCK-4. For each receptor antagonist the dose-inhibition curve for gastrin-stimulated amylase release was superimpossible with that for CCK-8-stimulated amylase release. Gastrin-17-I at concentrations less than 0.1 microM did not potentiate carbachol or vasoactive intestinal peptide-stimulated amylase secretion and did not affect basal or stimulated adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate or 45Ca outflux.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D H Yu
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Rhim BY, Jung HO, Yu DH, Hong KW. Increased alpha 1- and decreased alpha 2-adrenoceptor sensitivities upon chronic treatment with imipramine in mediating cardiovascular responses in pithed rats. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1987; 290:77-91. [PMID: 2895612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
After chronic treatment with imipramine (20 mg/kg, i.p., twice daily for 14 days) the pressor dose-response curves to phenylephrine, methoxamine and cirazoline (alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonists) significantly shifted to the left with decreased PD50 values in pithed rats; however, the dose-response curve to Sgd 101/75, a selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist was not affected. On the other hand, the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists such as B-HT 920, xylazine and clonidine produced a rightward shift for both the pressor (increased PD50) and cardioinhibition (increased ID50) dose-response curves in these rats. These results required treatment with imipramine over 2 weeks. Chronic treatment with imipramine has reduced the antagonism by prazosin of the pressor effect of phenylephrine when compared with the dose-ratios between the 2 groups. On the contrary, the antagonism by piperoxan of the cardioinhibitory effect of B-HT 920 was rather enhanced by the treatment, but that of the pressor effect of B-HT 920 was little changed. In cerebrocortical membrane fractions obtained from rats pretreated with imipramine, Ki of phenylephrine to displace [3H]prazosin was decreased, whereas that of clonidine and yohimbine to displace [3H]yohimbine was increased. In conclusion, it is demonstrated that after chronic imipramine treatment the peripheral alpha 2-adrenoceptors (both presynaptic and postsynaptic sites) as well as central alpha 2-adrenoceptors respond with a decreased sensitivity to the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonists, and moreover, this treatment produces an increased sensitivity of the central and peripheral alpha 1-adrenoceptors to the alpha 1-adrenoceptor full agonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Y Rhim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yu DH, Izawa H, Kodama H, Onuma M, Higasihara T, Mikami T. Mechanism of suppression by bovine serum on growth of infectious bursal disease virus. Nihon Juigaku Zasshi 1986; 48:1141-6. [PMID: 3029491 DOI: 10.1292/jvms1939.48.1141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
41
|
Yu DH. [Plication of anterior rectal wall in the treatment of complete prolapse of rectum in adults: report of 41 cases (author's transl)]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 1981; 19:77-8. [PMID: 7261752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
42
|
Yu DH, Triester S, Gluckman MI. Mechanism of the inhibitory effects of cardiac glycosides on lipolysis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1972; 180:492-500. [PMID: 4110841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
|
43
|
Yu DH, Triester S, Gluckman MI. Mechanism of antilipolytic effects of cardiac glycosides. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1971; 177:284-90. [PMID: 4327808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
|
44
|
Yu DH, Gluckman MI. The effect of dipyridamole on the metabolism of cardiac muscle. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1969; 170:37-43. [PMID: 4390813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
|
45
|
Lee KS, Tanaka K, Yu DH. Studies on the adenosine triphosphatase, calcium uptake and relaxing activity of the microsomal granules from skeletal muscle. J Physiol 1965; 179:456-78. [PMID: 4221820 PMCID: PMC1357339 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1965.sp007673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
|