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Ishibashi S, Nishiyama T, Makino T, Suzuki F, Shimada S, Tomari S, Imanari E, Higashi T, Fukumoto S, Kurata S, Mizuno Y, Morimoto T, Nakamichi H, Iida T, Ohashi K, Yamada A, Kimura T, Kuru Y, Sumi S, Tanaka Y, Ono K, Ichikawa H, DuPaul GJ, Kosaka H. Psychometrics of rating scales for externalizing disorders in Japanese outpatients: The ADHD-Rating Scale-5 and the Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2024; 33:e2015. [PMID: 38363207 PMCID: PMC10870953 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study validated the Japanese version of the Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Rating Scale-5 (ADHD-RS-5) and the Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale. We extended the ADHD-RS-5 by adding the oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder subscales to compare the two rating scales psychometrically. METHODS We examined the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct validity and criterion validity of the two rating scales in 135 Japanese outpatients aged 6-18 years. RESULTS The internal consistency and test-retest reliability were good for all the subscales of the two rating scales except for the conduct disorder subscale of the ADHD-RS-5 extended. Good construct validity was revealed by expected correlational patterns between subscales from the two rating scales and the Children Behavior Checklist. The criterion validity was good for all the subscales of the two rating scales rated by parents, while teacher-ratings revealed substantially lower predictive ability for all the subscales. Agreement between parent- and teacher-ratings of the two rating scales was generally moderate and using predictive ratings alone of both ratings showed the best predictive ability among the integration methods examined. CONCLUSION The two rating scales have sound psychometric properties and will aid in screening and severity assessment of externalizing disorders in Japanese clinical settings.
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Makino T, Suzuki F, Nishiyama T, Ishibashi S, Nakamichi H, Iida T, Shimada S, Tomari S, Imanari E, Higashi T, Fukumoto S, Kurata S, Mizuno Y, Kimura T, Kuru Y, Morimoto T, Kosaka H. Psychometrics of the kiddie schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia present and lifetime version for DSM-5 in Japanese outpatients. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2023; 32:e1957. [PMID: 36593592 DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL) is a widely used semi-structured diagnostic interview in child and adolescent psychiatry. However, the psychometric properties of its updated version, the K-SADS-PL for DSM-5, have scarcely been examined, especially for criterion validity. This study was designed to examine the inter-rater reliability, criterion validity and construct validity of the K-SADS-PL for DSM-5 in 137 Japanese outpatients. METHODS Two of 12 experienced clinicians independently performed the K-SADS interview for each patient in a conjoint session, and the resulting consensus diagnosis was compared with a "best-estimate" diagnosis made by two of eight experienced clinicians using all available information for the patient. RESULTS The inter-rater reliability was excellent, as shown by κ > 0.75 for all disorders, with the exception of current separation anxiety disorder. The criterion validity was fair to good, as shown by κ > 0.40 for all disorders, with the exception of current and lifetime agoraphobia. The construct validity was also good, as shown by theoretically expected associations between the K-SADS-PL diagnoses and subscales of the child behavior checklist. CONCLUSION The K-SADS-PL for DSM-5, now available in Japanese, generates valid diagnoses in child and adolescent psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Makino
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
- Division of Developmental Higher Brain Functions, United Graduate School of Child Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Futoshi Suzuki
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nishiyama
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Saeko Ishibashi
- Faculty of Nursing Science, Tsuruga Nursing University, Tsuruga, Japan
- Integrated and Advanced Medical Course, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Nakamichi
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Tomoko Iida
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Shoko Shimada
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Japan
- Division of Developmental Higher Brain Functions, United Graduate School of Child Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Shinji Tomari
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Eiji Imanari
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Takuma Higashi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Shintaro Fukumoto
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Sawa Kurata
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Japan
- Division of Developmental Higher Brain Functions, United Graduate School of Child Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Mizuno
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Japan
- Division of Developmental Higher Brain Functions, United Graduate School of Child Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Takuma Kimura
- Department of Child Studies, Nagoya Management Junior College, Owariasahi, Japan
| | - Yukiko Kuru
- Medical Education Center, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Takeshi Morimoto
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Kosaka
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
- Division of Developmental Higher Brain Functions, United Graduate School of Child Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
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Tachimoto H, Imanari E, Mezawa H, Okuyama M, Urashima T, Hirano D, Gocho N, Urashima M. Effect of Avoiding Cow's Milk Formula at Birth on Prevention of Asthma or Recurrent Wheeze Among Young Children: Extended Follow-up From the ABC Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e2018534. [PMID: 33006618 PMCID: PMC7532386 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.18534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Children with food allergies may develop asthma or recurrent wheeze. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether asthma or recurrent wheeze among children were changed by avoiding supplementing breastfeeding (BF) with cow's milk formula (CMF) in the first 3 days of life. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This randomized, unmasked, clinical trial was conducted at 1 university hospital in Japan beginning October 2013 with follow-up examinations occurring until January 2020. A total of 312 newborns at risk for atopy were randomized and assigned to either BF with or without amino acid-based elemental formula (EF) or BF with CMF, with follow-up examinations for participants showing signs of atopy conducted at 24 months. Follow-up examinations ran through January 2020. INTERVENTIONS Immediately after birth, newborns were randomly assigned (1:1 ratio) to either breastfeeding with or without amino acid-based elemental formula for at least the first 3 days of life (no CMF group) or breastfeeding supplemented with CMF (≥5 mL/d) from the first day of life to 5 months of age (CMF group). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Asthma or recurrent wheeze diagnosed by the pediatric allergy specialists of this trial; subgroups were stratified by serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and IgE. RESULTS Of 312 infants (156 [50.0%] randomized to the no CMF group), 302 (96.8%) were followed up at their second birthday: 77 of 151 (51.0%) in the no CMF group and 81 of 151 (53.6%) in the CMF group underwent extended follow-up because of having atopic conditions. Asthma or recurrent wheeze developed in 15 (9.9%) of the children in the no CMF group, significantly less than the children in the CMF group (27 [17.9%]; risk difference, -0.079; 95% CI, -0.157 to -0.002). In participants with vitamin D levels above the median at 5 months of age, asthma or recurrent wheeze developled in 5 (6.4%) children in the no CMF group, significantly less than in the children in the CMF group (17 [24.6%]; risk difference, -0.182; 95% CI, -0.298 to -0.067; P for interaction = .04). In the highest quartile group of total IgE at age 24 months, asthma or recurrent wheeze developed in 2 children (5.3%) in the no CMF group, significantly less than the children in the CMF group (14 [43.8%]; risk difference, -0.385; 95% CI, -0.571 to -0.199; P for interaction = .004). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The findings of this study suggest that avoiding CMF supplementation in the first 3 days of life has the potential to reduce the risk of asthma or recurrent wheeze in young children, especially among those with high vitamin D or high IgE levels. TRIAL REGISTRATION umin.ac.jp/ctr Identifier: UMIN000011577.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Tachimoto
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiji Imanari
- Department of Pediatrics, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Mezawa
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mai Okuyama
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Urashima
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daishi Hirano
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Gocho
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Urashima
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Ueno Y, Imanari E, Emura J, Yoshizawa-Kumagaye K, Nakajima K, Inami K, Shiba T, Sakakibara H, Sugiyama T, Izui K. Immunological analysis of the phosphorylation state of maize C4-form phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase with specific antibodies raised against a synthetic phosphorylated peptide. Plant J 2000; 21:17-26. [PMID: 10652147 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.2000.00649.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) isozyme involved in C4 photosynthesis is known to undergo reversible regulatory phosphorylation under illuminated conditions, thereby decreasing the enzyme's sensitivity to its feedback inhibitor, L-malate. For the direct assay of this phosphorylation in intact maize leaves, phosphorylation state-specific antibodies to the C4-form PEPC were prepared. The antibodies were raised in rabbits against a synthetic phosphorylated 15-mer peptide with a sequence corresponding to that flanking the specific site of regulatory phosphorylation (Ser15) and subsequently purified by affinity-chromatography. Specificity of the resulting antibodies to the C4-form PEPC phosphorylated at Ser15 was established on the basis of several criteria. The antibodies did not react with the recombinant root-form of maize PEPC phosphorylated in vitro. By the use of these antibodies, the changes in PEPC phosphorylation state were semi-quantitatively monitored under several physiological conditions. When the changes in PEPC phosphorylation were monitored during the entire day with mature (13-week-old) maize plants grown in the field, phosphorylation started before dawn, reached a maximum by mid-morning, and then decreased before sunset. At midnight dephosphorylation was almost complete. The results suggest that the regulatory phosphorylation of C4-form PEPC in mature maize plants is controlled not only by a light signal but also by some other metabolic signal(s). Under nitrogen-limited conditions the phosphorylation was enhanced even though the level of PEPC protein was decreased. Thus there seems to be some compensatory regulatory mechanism for the phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ueno
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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