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Le Master E, Huang RT, Zhang C, Bogachkov Y, Coles C, Shentu TP, Sheng Y, Fancher IS, Ng C, Christoforidis T, Subbaiah PV, Berdyshev E, Qain Z, Eddington DT, Lee J, Cho M, Fang Y, Minshall RD, Levitan I. Proatherogenic Flow Increases Endothelial Stiffness via Enhanced CD36-Mediated Uptake of Oxidized Low-Density Lipoproteins. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 38:64-75. [PMID: 29025707 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Disturbed flow (DF) is well-known to induce endothelial dysfunction and synergistically with plasma dyslipidemia facilitate plaque formation. Little is known, however, about the synergistic impact of DF and dyslipidemia on endothelial biomechanics. Our goal was to determine the impact of DF on endothelial stiffness and evaluate the role of dyslipidemia/oxLDL (oxidized low-density lipoprotein) in this process. APPROACH AND RESULTS Endothelial elastic modulus of intact mouse aortas ex vivo and of human aortic endothelial cells exposed to laminar flow or DF was measured using atomic force microscopy. Endothelial monolayer of the aortic arch is found to be significantly stiffer than the descending aorta (4.2+1.1 versus 2.5+0.2 kPa for aortic arch versus descending aorta) in mice maintained on low-fat diet. This effect is significantly exacerbated by short-term high-fat diet (8.7+2.5 versus 4.5+1.2 kPa for aortic arch versus descending aorta). Exposure of human aortic endothelial cells to DF in vitro resulted in 50% increase in oxLDL uptake and significant endothelial stiffening in the presence but not in the absence of oxLDL. DF also increased the expression of oxLDL receptor CD36 (cluster of differentiation 36), whereas downregulation of CD36 abrogated DF-induced endothelial oxLDL uptake and stiffening. Furthermore, genetic deficiency of CD36 abrogated endothelial stiffening in the aortic arch in vivo in mice fed either low-fat diet or high-fat diet. We also show that the loss of endothelial stiffening in CD36 knockout aortas is not mediated by the loss of CD36 in circulating cells. CONCLUSIONS DF facilitates endothelial CD36-dependent uptake of oxidized lipids resulting in local increase of endothelial stiffness in proatherogenic areas of the aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Le Master
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.L.M., C.Z., T.-P.S., I.S.F., I.L.), Division of Endocrinology (P.V.S.), Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (Y.S., Z.Q.), and Departments of Bioengineering (E.L.M., T.-P.S., C.N., T.C., D.T.E., J.L., M.C., I.L.), Pharmacology (Y.B., C.C., R.D.M., I.L.), and Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (R.-T.H., Y.F.); and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.)
| | - Ru-Ting Huang
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.L.M., C.Z., T.-P.S., I.S.F., I.L.), Division of Endocrinology (P.V.S.), Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (Y.S., Z.Q.), and Departments of Bioengineering (E.L.M., T.-P.S., C.N., T.C., D.T.E., J.L., M.C., I.L.), Pharmacology (Y.B., C.C., R.D.M., I.L.), and Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (R.-T.H., Y.F.); and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.)
| | - Chongxu Zhang
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.L.M., C.Z., T.-P.S., I.S.F., I.L.), Division of Endocrinology (P.V.S.), Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (Y.S., Z.Q.), and Departments of Bioengineering (E.L.M., T.-P.S., C.N., T.C., D.T.E., J.L., M.C., I.L.), Pharmacology (Y.B., C.C., R.D.M., I.L.), and Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (R.-T.H., Y.F.); and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.)
| | - Yedida Bogachkov
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.L.M., C.Z., T.-P.S., I.S.F., I.L.), Division of Endocrinology (P.V.S.), Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (Y.S., Z.Q.), and Departments of Bioengineering (E.L.M., T.-P.S., C.N., T.C., D.T.E., J.L., M.C., I.L.), Pharmacology (Y.B., C.C., R.D.M., I.L.), and Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (R.-T.H., Y.F.); and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.)
| | - Cassandre Coles
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.L.M., C.Z., T.-P.S., I.S.F., I.L.), Division of Endocrinology (P.V.S.), Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (Y.S., Z.Q.), and Departments of Bioengineering (E.L.M., T.-P.S., C.N., T.C., D.T.E., J.L., M.C., I.L.), Pharmacology (Y.B., C.C., R.D.M., I.L.), and Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (R.-T.H., Y.F.); and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.)
| | - Tzu-Pin Shentu
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.L.M., C.Z., T.-P.S., I.S.F., I.L.), Division of Endocrinology (P.V.S.), Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (Y.S., Z.Q.), and Departments of Bioengineering (E.L.M., T.-P.S., C.N., T.C., D.T.E., J.L., M.C., I.L.), Pharmacology (Y.B., C.C., R.D.M., I.L.), and Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (R.-T.H., Y.F.); and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.)
| | - Yue Sheng
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.L.M., C.Z., T.-P.S., I.S.F., I.L.), Division of Endocrinology (P.V.S.), Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (Y.S., Z.Q.), and Departments of Bioengineering (E.L.M., T.-P.S., C.N., T.C., D.T.E., J.L., M.C., I.L.), Pharmacology (Y.B., C.C., R.D.M., I.L.), and Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (R.-T.H., Y.F.); and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.)
| | - Ibra S Fancher
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.L.M., C.Z., T.-P.S., I.S.F., I.L.), Division of Endocrinology (P.V.S.), Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (Y.S., Z.Q.), and Departments of Bioengineering (E.L.M., T.-P.S., C.N., T.C., D.T.E., J.L., M.C., I.L.), Pharmacology (Y.B., C.C., R.D.M., I.L.), and Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (R.-T.H., Y.F.); and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.)
| | - Carlos Ng
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.L.M., C.Z., T.-P.S., I.S.F., I.L.), Division of Endocrinology (P.V.S.), Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (Y.S., Z.Q.), and Departments of Bioengineering (E.L.M., T.-P.S., C.N., T.C., D.T.E., J.L., M.C., I.L.), Pharmacology (Y.B., C.C., R.D.M., I.L.), and Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (R.-T.H., Y.F.); and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.)
| | - Theodore Christoforidis
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.L.M., C.Z., T.-P.S., I.S.F., I.L.), Division of Endocrinology (P.V.S.), Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (Y.S., Z.Q.), and Departments of Bioengineering (E.L.M., T.-P.S., C.N., T.C., D.T.E., J.L., M.C., I.L.), Pharmacology (Y.B., C.C., R.D.M., I.L.), and Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (R.-T.H., Y.F.); and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.)
| | - Pappasani V Subbaiah
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.L.M., C.Z., T.-P.S., I.S.F., I.L.), Division of Endocrinology (P.V.S.), Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (Y.S., Z.Q.), and Departments of Bioengineering (E.L.M., T.-P.S., C.N., T.C., D.T.E., J.L., M.C., I.L.), Pharmacology (Y.B., C.C., R.D.M., I.L.), and Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (R.-T.H., Y.F.); and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.)
| | - Evgeny Berdyshev
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.L.M., C.Z., T.-P.S., I.S.F., I.L.), Division of Endocrinology (P.V.S.), Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (Y.S., Z.Q.), and Departments of Bioengineering (E.L.M., T.-P.S., C.N., T.C., D.T.E., J.L., M.C., I.L.), Pharmacology (Y.B., C.C., R.D.M., I.L.), and Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (R.-T.H., Y.F.); and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.)
| | - Zhijian Qain
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.L.M., C.Z., T.-P.S., I.S.F., I.L.), Division of Endocrinology (P.V.S.), Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (Y.S., Z.Q.), and Departments of Bioengineering (E.L.M., T.-P.S., C.N., T.C., D.T.E., J.L., M.C., I.L.), Pharmacology (Y.B., C.C., R.D.M., I.L.), and Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (R.-T.H., Y.F.); and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.)
| | - David T Eddington
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.L.M., C.Z., T.-P.S., I.S.F., I.L.), Division of Endocrinology (P.V.S.), Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (Y.S., Z.Q.), and Departments of Bioengineering (E.L.M., T.-P.S., C.N., T.C., D.T.E., J.L., M.C., I.L.), Pharmacology (Y.B., C.C., R.D.M., I.L.), and Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (R.-T.H., Y.F.); and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.)
| | - James Lee
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.L.M., C.Z., T.-P.S., I.S.F., I.L.), Division of Endocrinology (P.V.S.), Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (Y.S., Z.Q.), and Departments of Bioengineering (E.L.M., T.-P.S., C.N., T.C., D.T.E., J.L., M.C., I.L.), Pharmacology (Y.B., C.C., R.D.M., I.L.), and Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (R.-T.H., Y.F.); and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.)
| | - Michael Cho
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.L.M., C.Z., T.-P.S., I.S.F., I.L.), Division of Endocrinology (P.V.S.), Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (Y.S., Z.Q.), and Departments of Bioengineering (E.L.M., T.-P.S., C.N., T.C., D.T.E., J.L., M.C., I.L.), Pharmacology (Y.B., C.C., R.D.M., I.L.), and Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (R.-T.H., Y.F.); and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.)
| | - Yun Fang
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.L.M., C.Z., T.-P.S., I.S.F., I.L.), Division of Endocrinology (P.V.S.), Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (Y.S., Z.Q.), and Departments of Bioengineering (E.L.M., T.-P.S., C.N., T.C., D.T.E., J.L., M.C., I.L.), Pharmacology (Y.B., C.C., R.D.M., I.L.), and Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (R.-T.H., Y.F.); and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.)
| | - Richard D Minshall
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.L.M., C.Z., T.-P.S., I.S.F., I.L.), Division of Endocrinology (P.V.S.), Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (Y.S., Z.Q.), and Departments of Bioengineering (E.L.M., T.-P.S., C.N., T.C., D.T.E., J.L., M.C., I.L.), Pharmacology (Y.B., C.C., R.D.M., I.L.), and Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (R.-T.H., Y.F.); and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.)
| | - Irena Levitan
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.L.M., C.Z., T.-P.S., I.S.F., I.L.), Division of Endocrinology (P.V.S.), Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (Y.S., Z.Q.), and Departments of Bioengineering (E.L.M., T.-P.S., C.N., T.C., D.T.E., J.L., M.C., I.L.), Pharmacology (Y.B., C.C., R.D.M., I.L.), and Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (R.-T.H., Y.F.); and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO (E.B.).
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