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Kostrhunova H, Zajac J, Novohradsky V, Kasparkova J, Malina J, Aldrich-Wright JR, Petruzzella E, Sirota R, Gibson D, Brabec V. A Subset of New Platinum Antitumor Agents Kills Cells by a Multimodal Mechanism of Action Also Involving Changes in the Organization of the Microtubule Cytoskeleton. J Med Chem 2019; 62:5176-5190. [PMID: 31030506 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The substitution inert platinum agent [Pt(1 S,2 S-diaminocyclohexane)(5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)]2+ (56MeSS, 5) is a potent cytotoxic metallodrug. In contrast to conventional cisplatin or oxaliplatin, the mechanism of action (MoA) of 5 is fundamentally different. However, details of the mechanism by which the 5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline ligand contributes to the cytotoxicity of 5 and its derivatives have not been sufficiently clarified so far. Here, we show that 5 and its Pt(IV) derivatives exhibit an intriguing potency in the triple-negative breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. Moreover, we show that the Pt(IV) derivatives of 5 act by multimodal MoA resulting in the global biological effects, that is, they damage nuclear DNA, reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential, induce the epigenetic processes, and last but not least, the data provide evidence that changes in the organization of cytoskeleton networks are functionally important for 5 and its derivatives, in contrast to clinically used platinum cytostatics, to kill cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Kostrhunova
- Czech Academy of Sciences , Institute of Biophysics , Kralovopolska 135 , CZ-61265 Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Juraj Zajac
- Czech Academy of Sciences , Institute of Biophysics , Kralovopolska 135 , CZ-61265 Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Novohradsky
- Czech Academy of Sciences , Institute of Biophysics , Kralovopolska 135 , CZ-61265 Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kasparkova
- Czech Academy of Sciences , Institute of Biophysics , Kralovopolska 135 , CZ-61265 Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Malina
- Czech Academy of Sciences , Institute of Biophysics , Kralovopolska 135 , CZ-61265 Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Janice R Aldrich-Wright
- School of Science and Health , Western Sydney University , Penrith South DC 1797 , NSW , Australia
| | - Emanuele Petruzzella
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy , The Hebrew University , Jerusalem 91120 , Israel
| | - Roman Sirota
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy , The Hebrew University , Jerusalem 91120 , Israel
| | - Dan Gibson
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy , The Hebrew University , Jerusalem 91120 , Israel
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Czech Academy of Sciences , Institute of Biophysics , Kralovopolska 135 , CZ-61265 Brno , Czech Republic
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Kostrhunova H, Petruzzella E, Gibson D, Kasparkova J, Brabec V. An Anticancer Pt IV Prodrug That Acts by Mechanisms Involving DNA Damage and Different Epigenetic Effects. Chemistry 2019; 25:5235-5245. [PMID: 30740808 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Dual- or multi-action PtIV prodrugs represent a new generation of platinum anticancer drugs. The important property of these PtIV prodrugs is that their antitumor action combines several different mechanisms owing to the presence of biologically active axial ligands. This work describes the synthesis and some biological properties of a "triple-action" prodrug that releases in cancer cells cisplatin and two different epigenetically acting moieties, octanoate and phenylbutyrate. It is demonstrated, with the aid of modern methods of molecular and cellular biology and pharmacology, that the presence of three different functionalities in a single molecule of the PtIV prodrug results in a selective and high potency in tumor cells including those resistant to cisplatin [the IC50 values in the screened malignant cell lines ranged from as low as 9 nm (HCT-116) to 74 nm (MDA-MB-231)]. It is also demonstrated that cellular activation of the PtIV prodrug results in covalent modification of DNA through the release of the platinum moiety accompanied by inhibition of the activity of histone deacetylases caused by phenylbutyrate and by global hypermethylation of DNA by octanoate. Thus, the PtIV prodrug introduced in this study acts as a true "multi-action" prodrug, which is over two orders of magnitude more active than clinically used cisplatin, in both 2D monolayer culture and 3D spheroid cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Kostrhunova
- Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Emanuele Petruzzella
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Dan Gibson
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Jana Kasparkova
- Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 12, CZ-77146, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265, Brno, Czech Republic
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Petruzzella E, Sirota R, Solazzo I, Gandin V, Gibson D. Triple action Pt(iv) derivatives of cisplatin: a new class of potent anticancer agents that overcome resistance. Chem Sci 2018; 9:4299-4307. [PMID: 29780561 PMCID: PMC5944384 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc00428e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of triple action Pt(iv) prodrugs was designed to test the hypothesis that multi-action compounds, where each bioactive moiety intervenes in several cellular processes, might be more effective than a single agent at killing cancer cells. In particular, "triple action" Pt(iv) derivatives of cisplatin, where the axial ligands are inhibitors of cyclooxygenase (COXi), histone deacetylase (HDACi) or pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDKi) were developed. All compounds, ctc-[Pt(NH3)2(COXi)(PDKi)Cl2], ctc-[Pt(NH3)2(COXi)(HDACi)Cl2] and ctc-[Pt(NH3)2(HDACi)(PDKi)Cl2], where COXi = aspirin or ibuprofen, PDKi = dichloroacetate and HDACi = valproate or phenylbutyrate, were significantly more cytotoxic than cisplatin against all cell lines of an in-house panel of human cancer cells. They were particularly effective against thyroid and pancreatic cancer cells in monolayer cytotoxicity tests. Remarkably, in 3D spheroid cancer cell cultures, some triple action compounds showed an antitumor potency up to 50-fold higher than cisplatin against a KRAS mutated pancreatic cancer cell line (PSN-1 cells). Standard biochemical assays classically employed to explore structure activity relationships of platinum drugs, such as cellular uptake and binding to potential biological targets (DNA, HDAC, mitochondria, and COX), do not provide linear correlations with the overall cytotoxicity data. We observed a preferential induction of ROS production and of an anti-mitochondrial effect in cancer cells compared to rapidly dividing non-cancerous cells. Thus, we propose that these new triple action Pt(iv) derivatives of cisplatin are a novel and interesting class of potent and selective cytotoxic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Petruzzella
- Institute for Drug Research , School of Pharmacy , The Hebrew University , Jerusalem , 91120 , Israel .
| | - Roman Sirota
- Institute for Drug Research , School of Pharmacy , The Hebrew University , Jerusalem , 91120 , Israel .
| | - Irene Solazzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco , Università di Padova , Via Marzolo 5 , 35131 , Padova , Italy
| | - Valentina Gandin
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco , Università di Padova , Via Marzolo 5 , 35131 , Padova , Italy
| | - Dan Gibson
- Institute for Drug Research , School of Pharmacy , The Hebrew University , Jerusalem , 91120 , Israel .
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Harper BWJ, Petruzzella E, Sirota R, Faccioli FF, Aldrich-Wright JR, Gandin V, Gibson D. Synthesis, characterization and in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of Pt(iv) derivatives of [Pt(1S,2S-DACH)(5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)]. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:7005-7019. [PMID: 28513693 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01054k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This report describes the synthesis, characterization and biological activity of a series of platinum(iv) derivatives of [Pt(1S,2S-DACH)(5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)] (Pt56MeSS) with non-bioactive, lipophilic and bioactive axial ligands. In an attempt to explore the anticancer activity potential of the Pt(iv) derivatives, 2D and 3D cytotoxic screening and a preliminary in vivo study were performed. The average IC50 values of the platinum(iv) derivatives ranged from 1.26 to 5.39 μM, compared with 1.24 μM for Pt56MeSS, suggesting that the axial ligands have a relatively minor effect on the potency of the compounds. Preliminary in vivo studies indicate that the platinum(iv) derivatives of Pt56MeSS are active in vivo and can reduce the tumor to a similar extent to cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W J Harper
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel.
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Petruzzella E, Braude JP, Aldrich-Wright JR, Gandin V, Gibson D. A Quadruple-Action Platinum(IV) Prodrug with Anticancer Activity Against KRAS Mutated Cancer Cell Lines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:11539-11544. [PMID: 28759160 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We developed a novel PtIV prodrug that simultaneously releases four different bioactive moieties inside the cancer cell. Its cytotoxicity against monolayer cultures (2D) and spheroid (3D) cancer cells is significantly better than cisplatin. It is 200-450-fold more potent than cisplatin against KRAS mutated pancreatic and colon cancers and is 40-fold more selective towards KRAS mutated cells compared to non-cancerous. This is important since RAS proteins play a role in regulating cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival and KRAS is mutated in 90 % of pancreatic adenocarcinomas, 45 % of colorectal cancers, and 35 % of lung adenocarcinomas. The selectivity index, determined by dividing the IC50 value in non-cancerous cells by that of a cancerous cell line, is two-fold better than cisplatin, attesting to preferential cytotoxicity towards neoplastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Petruzzella
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Jeremy Phillip Braude
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Janice R Aldrich-Wright
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith South DC, 1797, NSW, Australia
| | - Valentina Gandin
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Dan Gibson
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
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Petruzzella E, Braude JP, Aldrich-Wright JR, Gandin V, Gibson D. A Quadruple-Action Platinum(IV) Prodrug with Anticancer Activity Against KRAS Mutated Cancer Cell Lines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Petruzzella
- Institute for Drug Research; School of Pharmacy; The Hebrew University; Jerusalem 91120 Israel
| | - Jeremy Phillip Braude
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università di Padova; Via Marzolo 5 35131 Padova Italy
| | | | - Valentina Gandin
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università di Padova; Via Marzolo 5 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Dan Gibson
- Institute for Drug Research; School of Pharmacy; The Hebrew University; Jerusalem 91120 Israel
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Harper BWJ, Friedman-Ezra A, Sirota R, Petruzzella E, Aldrich-Wright JR, Gibson D. Probing the Interactions of Cytotoxic [Pt(1S,2S-DACH)(5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)] and Its Pt IV Derivatives with Human Serum. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:510-519. [PMID: 28206707 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The discrepancy between the in vitro cytotoxic results and the in vivo performance of Pt56MeSS prompted us to look into its interactions and those of its PtIV derivatives with human serum (HS), human serum albumin (HSA), lipoproteins, and serum-supplemented cell culture media. The PtII complex, Pt56MeSS, binds noncovalently and reversibly to slow-tumbling proteins in HS and in cell culture media and interacts through the phenanthroline group with HSA, with a Kd value of ∼1.5×10-6 m. All PtIV complexes were found to be stable toward reduction in HS, but those with axial carboxylate ligands, cct-[Pt(1S,2S-DACH)(5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenantroline)(acetato)2 ](TFA)2 (Pt56MeSS(OAc)2 ) and cct-[Pt(1S,2S-DACH)(5,6-dimehtyl-1,10-phenantroline)(phenylbutyrato)2 ](TFA)2 (Pt56MeSS(PhB)2 ), were spontaneously reduced at pH 7 or higher in phosphate buffer, but not in Tris buffer (pH 8). HS also decreased the rate of reduction by ascorbate of the PtIV complexes relative to the reduction rates in phosphate buffer, suggesting that for this compound class, phosphate buffer is not a good model for HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W J Harper
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Aviva Friedman-Ezra
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Roman Sirota
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Emanuele Petruzzella
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Janice R Aldrich-Wright
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith South DC, 1797, NSW, Australia
| | - Dan Gibson
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
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Petruzzella E, Margiotta N, Natile G, Hoeschele JD. Reactivity of kiteplatin with S-donor biomolecules and nucleotides. Dalton Trans 2015; 43:12851-9. [PMID: 25051186 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01474j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Kiteplatin, (cis-1,4-DACH)dichloridoplatinum(ii), contains an isomeric form of the carrier ligand present in the successful antitumor drug oxaliplatin and has been recently found to be very active against oxaliplatin-resistant colon cancers, confirming that, by changing the nature of the amine ligand, it is possible to obtain platinum drugs that are not cross-resistant to those already in clinical use. Apart from interaction with DNA, another factor that can affect the activity of platinum drugs is their metabolic fate in the cellular environment. Therefore, kiteplatin has been reacted with S-donor biomolecules, such as glutathione, cysteine, and methionine. The investigation has further confirmed the different reactivity of methionine as compared to cysteine-containing peptides and has unraveled the possibility of cis-1,4-DACH to become mono-coordinated with one free end (a situation never seen for isomeric 1,2-DACH ligands) and to labilize cis ligands as a consequence of its large steric hindrance. The reaction of kiteplatin-GSH adducts with 5'-GMP has also shown how the reaction products can be different depending upon the aerobic or anaerobic reaction conditions used.
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Petruzzella E, Chirosca CV, Heidenga CS, Hoeschele JD. Microwave-assisted synthesis of the anticancer drug cisplatin, cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2]. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:3384-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03617d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A rapid one-step microwave-assisted synthesis of cisplatin and two purification methods were developed. The process requires about 80 min and could be used to incorporate short-lived Pt radionuclides into cisplatin.
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Margiotta N, Petruzzella E, Platts JA, Mutter ST, Deeth RJ, Ranaldo R, Papadia P, Marzilli PA, Marzilli LG, Hoeschele JD, Natile G. DNA fragment conformations in adducts with Kiteplatin. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:3544-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01796j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The anticancer-active platinum complex with cis-1,4-diaminocyclohexane has proved to be very valuable in detecting multiple conformers in adducts with oligonucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Margiotta
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Bari A. Moro
- 70125 Bari
- Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Rosa Ranaldo
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Bari A. Moro
- 70125 Bari
- Italy
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Paride Papadia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali
- Università del Salento
- 73100 Lecce
- Italy
| | | | | | | | - Giovanni Natile
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Bari A. Moro
- 70125 Bari
- Italy
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Assi HH, Paran C, VanderVeen N, Savakus J, Doherty R, Petruzzella E, Hoeschele JD, Appelman H, Raptis L, Mikkelsen T, Lowenstein PR, Castro MG. Preclinical characterization of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 small molecule inhibitors for primary and metastatic brain cancer therapy. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2014; 349:458-69. [PMID: 24696041 PMCID: PMC4019317 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.114.214619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) has been implicated as a hub for multiple oncogenic pathways. The constitutive activation of STAT3 is present in several cancers, including gliomas (GBMs), and is associated with poor therapeutic responses. Phosphorylation of STAT3 triggers its dimerization and nuclear transport, where it promotes the transcription of genes that stimulate tumor growth. In light of this role, inhibitors of the STAT3 pathway are attractive therapeutic targets for cancer. To this end, we evaluated the STAT3-inhibitory activities of three compounds (CPA-7 [trichloronitritodiammineplatinum(IV)], WP1066 [(S,E)-3-(6-bromopyridin-2-yl)-2-cyano-N-(1-phenylethyl)acrylamide, C17H14BrN3O], and ML116 [4-benzyl-1-{thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl}piperidine, C18H19N3S]) in cultured rodent and human glioma cells, including GBM cancer stem cells. Our results demonstrate a potent induction of growth arrest in GBM cells after drug treatment with a concomitant induction of cell death. Although these compounds were effective at inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation, they also displayed variable dose-dependent inhibition of STAT1, STAT5, and nuclear factor κ light-chain enhancer of activated B cells. The therapeutic efficacy of these compounds was further evaluated in peripheral and intracranial mouse tumor models. Whereas CPA-7 elicited regression of peripheral tumors, both melanoma and GBM, its efficacy was not evident when the tumors were implanted within the brain. Our data suggest poor permeability of this compound to tumors located within the central nervous system. WP1066 and ML116 exhibited poor in vivo efficacy. In summary, CPA-7 constitutes a powerful anticancer agent in models of peripheral solid cancers. Our data strongly support further development of CPA-7-derived compounds with increased permeability to enhance their efficacy in primary and metastatic brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikmat H Assi
- Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan (H.H.A., C.P., N.V., J.S., R.D., P.R.L., M.G.C.); Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (H.H.A.); Department of Chemistry, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, Michigan (E.P., J.D.H.); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, University Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan (H.A.); Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University School of Medicine, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (L.R.); and Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan (T.M.)
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Petruzzella E, Margiotta N, Ravera M, Natile G. NMR Investigation of the Spontaneous Thermal- and/or Photoinduced Reduction of trans Dihydroxido Pt(IV) Derivatives. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:2393-403. [DOI: 10.1021/ic302100x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Petruzzella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”, via E.
Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Margiotta
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”, via E.
Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Mauro Ravera
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Giovanni Natile
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”, via E.
Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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Margiotta N, Marzano C, Gandin V, Osella D, Ravera M, Gabano E, Platts JA, Petruzzella E, Hoeschele JD, Natile G. Revisiting [PtCl₂(cis-1,4-DACH)]: an underestimated antitumor drug with potential application to the treatment of oxaliplatin-refractory colorectal cancer. J Med Chem 2012; 55:7182-92. [PMID: 22788918 DOI: 10.1021/jm3006838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although the encouraging antitumor activity of [PtCl(2)(cis-1,4-DACH)] (1; DACH = diaminocyclohexane) was shown in early studies almost 20 years ago, the compound has remained nearly neglected. In contrast, oxaliplatin, containing the isomeric 1(R),2(R)-DACH carrier ligand, enjoys worldwide clinic application as a most important therapeutic agent in the treatment of colorectal cancer. By extending the investigation to human chemotherapy-resistant cancer cells, we have demonstrated the real effectiveness of 1 in circumventing cisplatin and oxaliplatin resistance in LoVo colon cancer cells. The uptake of compound 1 by the latter cells was similar to that of sensitive LoVo cells. This is not the case for all other compounds considered in this investigation. Interaction with double-stranded DNA, investigated by a biosensor assay and by quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical geometry optimization of the 1,2-GG intrastrand cross-link, does not show significant differences between 1 and oxaliplatin. However, the DNA adducts of 1 are removed from repair systems with lower efficiency and are more effective in inhibiting DNA and RNA polymerase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Margiotta
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Chimico, Università di Bari "A. Moro", via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
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