1
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Contassot E, Brüggen MC. Sequential proteomic profiling of patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis. Allergy 2023; 78:3289-3290. [PMID: 37728116 DOI: 10.1111/all.15888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Contassot
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Charlotte Brüggen
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education CK-CARE, Davos, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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2
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Agarwal R, Dittmar T, Beer HD, Kunz M, Müller S, Kappos EA, Contassot E, Navarini AA. Human epidermis organotypic cultures, a reproducible system recapitulating the epidermis in vitro. Exp Dermatol 2023. [PMID: 37114406 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The translatability of research is highly dependent on models that recapitulate human tissues and organs. Here, we describe a procedure for the generation of human epidermis organotypic cultures (HEOCs) from primary keratinocytes isolated from foreskin and adult skin as well as from an immortalized keratinocyte cell line (KerTr). We tested several media conditions to develop a defined HEOC growing and expansion media. We characterized the HEOCs and show that in optimal culture conditions they express the proliferation marker Ki67, the basement membrane protein collagen 17 (col17) and the epidermal differentiation markers keratin 15 (K15), keratin 14 (K14), keratin 5 (K5), keratin 10 (K10), keratin 1 (K1), transglutaminase 1 (TGM1), transglutaminase 3 (TGM3) and filaggrin (FLG). Thus, they recapitulate the human epidermis and are stratified from the basal layer to the stratum corneum. These HEOC can be generated reproducibly on a large scale, making it an invaluable model for screening therapeutic compounds and also for the study of pathologies affecting the epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishika Agarwal
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tanja Dittmar
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Dietmar Beer
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Kunz
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simon Müller
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth A Kappos
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Contassot
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander A Navarini
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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3
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Spalinger MR, Kasper S, Gottier C, Lang S, Atrott K, Vavricka SR, Scharl S, Gutte PM, Grütter MG, Beer HD, Contassot E, Chan AC, Dai X, Rawlings DJ, Mair F, Becher B, Falk W, Fried M, Rogler G, Scharl M. NLRP3 tyrosine phosphorylation is controlled by protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN22. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:169304. [PMID: 36787260 PMCID: PMC9927928 DOI: 10.1172/jci169304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
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4
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Schmidt V, Lalevée S, Traidl S, Ameri M, Ziadlou R, Ingen‐Housz‐Oro S, Barau C, de Prost N, Nägeli M, Yasutaka M, Meier‐Schiesser B, Navarini AA, French LE, Contassot E, Brüggen M. Intravenous immunoglobulins, cyclosporine and best supportive care in Epidermal Necrolysis: Diverse effects on systemic inflammation. Allergy 2022; 78:1280-1291. [PMID: 36463488 DOI: 10.1111/all.15608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare but potentially life-threatening cutaneous adverse reactions. There is still no consensus on adjuvant treatments, and little is known about their effects on systemic inflammation in SJS/TEN. Our aim was to characterize the systemic and cutaneous immune profiles of SJS/TEN patients and to investigate whether/how intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG), cyclosporine A (CSA), and best supportive care only (BSCO) affected the systemic immune signature and clinical outcome (6 week-mortality, complications, hospitalization stay). METHODS We included 16 patients with SJS/TEN, treated with high-dose IVIG (n = 8), CSA (n = 4) or BSCO (n = 4). Serial serum samples were obtained prior-, 5-7 days, and 21 days after treatment onset. Serum levels of inflammation-/immune response-associated proteins were measured by high-throughput proteomics assay (OLINK) and cytotoxic molecules by ELISA. RNA extracted from skin biopsies collected prior treatment was analyzed by Nanostring. RESULTS Serum inflammatory profiles in SJS/TEN patients were notably characterized by massive upregulation of type 1 immune response and proinflammatory markers. Surprisingly, there was limited overlap between cutaneous and serum immune profiles. Serial serological measurements of immune response markers showed very diverse dynamics between the different treatment groups. IVIG-treated patients showed completely different dynamics and most significant proteomic changes in an early phase (Day 5-7). In all treatment groups, type 1-/inflammatory response markers were dampened at day 21. Clinically, there were no outcome differences. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that BSCO, CSA, and IVIG have very diverse biological effects on the systemic inflammatory response in SJS/TEN, which may not correlate with clinical outcome differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Schmidt
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Sophie Lalevée
- Department of Dermatology, AP‐HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil Paris France
| | - Stephan Traidl
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
- Faculty of Medicine University Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Milad Ameri
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine University Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Reihane Ziadlou
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine University Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Saskia Ingen‐Housz‐Oro
- Department of Dermatology, AP‐HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil Paris France
- ToxiTEN group, ERN‐skin
- Reference center for toxic bullous dermatoses and severe drug reactions TOXIBUL, Créteil Paris France
- Université Paris Est EpiDermE, Créteil Paris France
| | - Caroline Barau
- Platform of Biological Resources, BB‐0033‐00021, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil Paris France
| | - Nicolas de Prost
- Intensive Care Unit, AP‐HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil Paris France
| | - Mirjam Nägeli
- Faculty of Medicine University Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | | | - Barbara Meier‐Schiesser
- Faculty of Medicine University Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Alexander A. Navarini
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine University Hospital and University of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Lars E. French
- ToxiTEN group, ERN‐skin
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy University Hospital LMU Munich Munich Germany
- Dr. Philip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami United States of America
| | - Emmanuel Contassot
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine University Hospital and University of Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Marie‐Charlotte Brüggen
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine University Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- ToxiTEN group, ERN‐skin
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5
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Agarwal R, Dittmar T, Contassot E, Navarini A. 436 Modelling darier disease using human epidermal organoids. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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6
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Meier-Schiesser B, Mellett M, Ramirez-Fort MK, Maul JT, Klug A, Winkelbeiner N, Fenini G, Schafer P, Contassot E, French LE. Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibition Reduces Cutaneous Inflammation and IL-1β Expression in a Psoriasiform Mouse Model but Does Not Inhibit Inflammasome Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312878. [PMID: 34884681 PMCID: PMC8657753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Apremilast (Otezla®) is an oral small molecule phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor approved for the treatment of psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and oral ulcers associated with Behçet’s disease. While PDE4 inhibition overall is mechanistically understood, the effect of apremilast on the innate immune response, particularly inflammasome activation, remains unknown. Here, we assessed the effect of apremilast in a psoriasis mouse model and primary human cells. Psoriatic lesion development in vivo was studied in K5.Stat3C transgenic mice treated with apremilast for 2 weeks, resulting in a moderate (2 mg/kg/day) to significant (6 mg/kg/day) resolution of inflamed plaques after 2-week treatment. Concomitantly, epidermal thickness dramatically decreased, the cutaneous immune cell infiltrate was reduced, and proinflammatory cytokines were significantly downregulated. Additionally, apremilast significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide- or anti-CD3-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines in peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Notably, inflammasome activation and secretion of IL-1β were not inhibited by apremilast in PBMCs and in human primary keratinocytes. Collectively, apremilast effectively alleviated the psoriatic phenotype of K5.Stat3 transgenic mice, further substantiating PDE4 inhibitor-efficiency in targeting key clinical, histopathological and inflammatory features of psoriasis. Despite lacking direct effect on inflammasome activation, reduced priming of inflammasome components upon apremilast treatment reflected the indirect benefit of PDE4 inhibition in reducing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Meier-Schiesser
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.M.); (J.-T.M.); (A.K.); (N.W.); (G.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-43-255-11-11
| | - Mark Mellett
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.M.); (J.-T.M.); (A.K.); (N.W.); (G.F.)
| | | | - Julia-Tatjana Maul
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.M.); (J.-T.M.); (A.K.); (N.W.); (G.F.)
| | - Annika Klug
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.M.); (J.-T.M.); (A.K.); (N.W.); (G.F.)
| | - Nicola Winkelbeiner
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.M.); (J.-T.M.); (A.K.); (N.W.); (G.F.)
| | - Gabriele Fenini
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.M.); (J.-T.M.); (A.K.); (N.W.); (G.F.)
| | - Peter Schafer
- Bristol Myers Squibb, 100 Nassau Park Blvd #300, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA;
| | - Emmanuel Contassot
- Department of Biomedicine, Dermatology Department, Basel University Hospital, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Lars E. French
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwigs-Maximilians-University, Frauenlobstraße 9-11, 80337 Munich, Germany;
- Dr. Philip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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7
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Ramirez-Fort MK, Meier-Schiesser B, Lachance K, Mahase SS, Church CD, Niaz MJ, Liu H, Navarro V, Nikolopoulou A, Kazakov DV, Contassot E, Nguyen DP, Sach J, Hadravsky L, Sheng Y, Tagawa ST, Wu X, Lange CS, French LE, Nghiem PT, Bander NH. Folate hydrolase-1 (FOLH1) is a novel target for antibody-based brachytherapy in Merkel cell carcinoma. Skin Health Dis 2021; 1. [PMID: 34541577 PMCID: PMC8447486 DOI: 10.1002/ski2.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Backgrounds Folate Hydrolase‐1 (FOLH1; PSMA) is a type II transmembrane protein, luminally expressed by solid tumour neo‐vasculature. Monoclonal antibody (mAb), J591, is a vehicle for mAb‐based brachytherapy in FOLH1+ cancers. Brachytherapy is a form of radiotherapy that involves placing a radioactive material a short distance from the target tissue (e.g., on the skin or internally); brachytherapy is commonly accomplished with the use of catheters, needles, metal seeds and antibody or small peptide conjugates. Herein, FOLH1 expression in primary (p) and metastatic (m) Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is characterized to determine its targeting potential for J591‐brachytherapy. Materials & Methods Paraffin sections from pMCC and mMCC were evaluated by immunohistochemistry for FOLH1. Monte Carlo simulation was performed using the physical properties of conjugated radioisotope lutetium‐177. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were calculated based on patient outcome data and FOLH1 expression. Results Eighty‐one MCC tumours were evaluated. 67% (54/81) of all cases, 77% (24/31) pMCC and 60% (30/50) mMCC tumours were FOLH1+. Monte Carlo simulation showed highly localized ionizing tracks of electrons emitted from the targeted neo‐vessel. 42% (34/81) of patients with FOLH1+/− MCC had available survival data for analysis. No significant differences in our limited data set were detected based on FOLH1 status (p = 0.4718; p = 0.6470), staining intensity score (p = 0.6966; p = 0.9841) or by grouping staining intensity scores (− and + vs. ++, +++, +++) (p = 0.8022; p = 0.8496) for MCC‐specific survival or recurrence free survival, respectively. Conclusions We report the first evidence of prevalent FOLH1 expression within MCC‐associated neo‐vessels, in 60‐77% of patients in a large MCC cohort. Given this data, and the need for alternatives to immune therapies it is appropriate to explore the safety and efficacy of FOLH1‐targeted brachytherapy for MCC. What's already known about this topic? We report the first evidence of prevalent folate hydrolase‐1 (FOLH1; also known as prostate‐specific membrane antigen) expression within MCC‐associated neovessels.
What does this study add? Herein, FOLH1 expression in Merkel cell carcinoma neovasculature is validated, and the therapeutic mechanism of specific, systemic targeting of disseminated disease with antibody‐based brachytherapy, is defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Ramirez-Fort
- Department of Life Sciences, BioFort®, Guaynabo, Puerto Rico, USA.,Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - B Meier-Schiesser
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - K Lachance
- Department of Dermatology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - S S Mahase
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - C D Church
- Department of Dermatology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - M J Niaz
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - H Liu
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - V Navarro
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - A Nikolopoulou
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - D V Kazakov
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Sikl's Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - E Contassot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - D P Nguyen
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - J Sach
- Sikl's Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - L Hadravsky
- Sikl's Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Y Sheng
- Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, China
| | - S T Tagawa
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - X Wu
- Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, China.,Innovative Cancer Institute, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - C S Lange
- Department of Life Sciences, BioFort®, Guaynabo, Puerto Rico, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - L E French
- Department of Dermatology, Münich University Hospital, Münich, Germany
| | - P T Nghiem
- Department of Dermatology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - N H Bander
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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8
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Agarwal R, Contassot E, Navarini A. LB724 Human epidermal organoids: Establishing a reproducible stratified human epidermal organoid culture system. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Schmidt V, Lalevée S, Ziadlou R, Oro S, Barau C, De Prost N, Nägeli M, Meier-Schiesser B, Navarini A, French L, Contassot E, Brüggen M. LB818 Diverse immune response changes during different adjuvant treatments in Epidermal Necrolysis patients. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.07.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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10
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Contassot E, French LE. Killing Two Birds with One Stone: TNF Antagonists Downregulate Systemic IL-1β in Psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:476-478. [PMID: 33618803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Verma et al. (2021) demonstrate that TNF antagonists unexpectedly downregulate systemic IL-1β by inhibiting noncanonical inflammasome activation in patients with psoriasis. Given the known involvement of IL-1β in the pathogenesis of psoriasis skin manifestations and associated comorbidities, the findings of Verma et al. (2021) highlight a potential added benefit of targeting TNF in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Contassot
- Dermatology Department and Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lars E French
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
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11
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Satoh TK, Mellett M, Meier-Schiesser B, Fenini G, Otsuka A, Beer HD, Rordorf T, Maul JT, Hafner J, Navarini AA, Contassot E, French LE. IL-36γ drives skin toxicity induced by EGFR/MEK inhibition and commensal Cutibacterium acnes. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:1417-1430. [PMID: 31805013 PMCID: PMC7269569 DOI: 10.1172/jci128678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and MEK inhibitors (EGFRi/MEKi) are beneficial for the treatment of solid cancers but are frequently associated with severe therapy-limiting acneiform skin toxicities. The underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Using gene expression profiling we identified IL-36γ and IL-8 as candidate drivers of EGFRi/MEKi skin toxicity. We provide molecular and translational evidence that EGFRi/MEKi in concert with the skin commensal bacterium Cutibacterium acnes act synergistically to induce IL-36γ in keratinocytes and subsequently IL-8, leading to cutaneous neutrophilia. IL-36γ expression was the combined result of C. acnes–induced NF-κB activation and EGFRi/MEKi–mediated expression of the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), due to the presence of both NF-κB and KLF4 binding sites in the human IL-36γ gene promoter. EGFRi/MEKi increased KLF4 expression by blockade of the EGFR/MEK/ERK pathway. These results provide an insight into understanding the pathological mechanism of the acneiform skin toxicities induced by EGFRi/MEKi and identify IL-36γ and the transcription factor KLF4 as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi K Satoh
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mark Mellett
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Gabriele Fenini
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Atsushi Otsuka
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hans-Dietmar Beer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Medical Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tamara Rordorf
- Clinic for Oncology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Jürg Hafner
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Medical Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander A Navarini
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Medical Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Contassot
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Medical Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lars E French
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Medical Faculty, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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12
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Nassiri S, Amini P, Nobbe S, Contassot E, French L, Delorenzi M, Markkanen E, Mellett M. 432 Transcriptome analysis reveals novel insights into the etiology and pathophysiology of Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.07.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Contassot
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - L. E. French
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology University Hospital Munich (LMU) Munich Germany
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14
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Anzengruber F, Ignatova D, Schlaepfer T, Chang YT, French LE, Pascolo S, Contassot E, Bobrowicz M, Hoetzenecker W, Guenova E. Divergent LAG-3 versus BTLA, TIGIT, and FCRL3 expression in Sézary syndrome. Leuk Lymphoma 2019; 60:1899-1907. [PMID: 30638415 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1564827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In Sézary syndrome (SS) impaired T-cell function and cytokine profile lead to immune evasion. Immune checkpoints non-redundantly regulate immune responses and targeting them is promising. We evaluated the expression of BTLA, CTLA-4, FCRL3, LAG-3, and TIGIT in tumor and non-tumor SS T-cells.Compared to CD4+ T helper cells from ten healthy individuals, tumor cells of eight SS patients had a significant upregulation of BTLA (1.5-fold; p < .0001), FRCL3 (2.2-fold; p < .0028) and TIGIT (2.2-fold; p < .0003) expression. In contrast, we found a reduced expression of LAG-3+ cells in the blood of tumor patients (0.5-fold; p < .0014). Only weak alternations between tumor, non-tumor cells, and healthy controls were observed regarding CTLA-4 (0.5-fold; p < .2022). Our results show a diverse expression pattern of immune-regulatory molecules in SS patients. As these molecules are essential in the regulation of T-cell mediated tumor surveillance and defense, their specific targeting might be of clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Anzengruber
- a Department of Dermatology , University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Desislava Ignatova
- a Department of Dermatology , University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Tanja Schlaepfer
- a Department of Dermatology , University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Yun-Tsan Chang
- a Department of Dermatology , University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Lars E French
- a Department of Dermatology , University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Steve Pascolo
- a Department of Dermatology , University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Contassot
- a Department of Dermatology , University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Malgorzata Bobrowicz
- a Department of Dermatology , University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland.,b Department of Immunology , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | | | - Emmanuella Guenova
- a Department of Dermatology , University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
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15
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Chang Y, Ziegler M, Ignatova D, Ivanov P, Profanter R, Kerl K, Hafner J, Clark R, Dummer R, Contassot E, French L, Misailovic S, Cozzio A, Vechev M, Hoetzenecker W, Guenova E. Upregulation of HLA I on tumor skin T lymphocytes as a tumor immune escape mechanism in CTCL. Eur J Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(19)30552-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Meier B, Mellett M, Feldmeyer L, Jankovic D, Navarini A, Contassot E, French L. LB1568 Role of IL-36 in acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.06.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Mellett M, Meier B, Mohanan D, Schairer R, Cheng P, Satoh TK, Kiefer B, Ospelt C, Nobbe S, Thome M, Contassot E, French LE. CARD14 Gain-of-Function Mutation Alone Is Sufficient to Drive IL-23/IL-17–Mediated Psoriasiform Skin Inflammation In Vivo. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:2010-2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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18
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Contassot E. Vaccinating against Acne: Benefits and Potential Pitfalls. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:2304-2306. [PMID: 30170784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.06.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is treated with antibiotics and retinoids, but side effects are numerous. Novel safe and efficient therapies are still needed. Wang et al. demonstrate that the secreted virulence factor Christie-Atkins-Munch-Peterson factor 2 from Propionibacterium acnes, a bacterium involved in acne pathogenesis, promotes inflammatory responses. This proinflammatory property could be inhibited by antibodies to Christie-Atkins-Munch-Peterson factor 2, suggesting Christie-Atkins-Munch-Peterson factor 2 as a candidate target in acne vaccination. This work supports the concept of acne immunotherapy, but questions about selection of target antigens remain open.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Contassot
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine of the University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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19
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Fenini G, Grossi S, Contassot E, Biedermann T, Reichmann E, French LE, Beer HD. Genome Editing of Human Primary Keratinocytes by CRISPR/Cas9 Reveals an Essential Role of the NLRP1 Inflammasome in UVB Sensing. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:2644-2652. [PMID: 30096351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
By forming a protective barrier, epidermal keratinocytes represent the first line of defense against environmental insults. UVB radiation of the sun is a major challenge for the skin and can induce inflammation, aging, and eventually skin cancer. UVB induces an immune response in human keratinocytes resulting in activation and secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines proIL-1β and -18. This is mediated by an assembly of protein complexes, termed inflammasomes. However, the mechanisms underlying sensing of UVB by keratinocytes, and particularly the types of inflammasomes required for cytokine secretion, are a matter of debate. To address these questions, we established a protocol that allows the generation of CRISPR/Cas9-targeted human primary keratinocytes. Our experiments showed an essential role of the NLRP1 rather than the NLRP3 inflammasome in UVB sensing and subsequent IL-1β and -18 secretion by keratinocytes. Moreover, NLRP1 but not NLRP3 was required for inflammasome activation in response to nigericin, a potassium ionophore and well-established NLRP3 activator in immune cells. Because the CRISPR/Cas9-targeted cells retained their full differentiation capacity, genome editing of human primary keratinocytes might be useful for numerous research and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Fenini
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Serena Grossi
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Contassot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Biedermann
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ernst Reichmann
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lars E French
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Dietmar Beer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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20
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Chang Y, Ziegler M, Ignatova D, Ivanov P, Profanter R, Kerl K, Dummer R, Contassot E, French L, Cozzio A, Misailovic S, Hoetzenecker W, Vechev M, Guenova E. 1032 HLA I shield tumor skin T lymphocytes from NK-cell-mediated elimination. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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21
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Mellett M, Meier B, Mohanan D, Schairer R, Cheng P, Satoh T, Kiefer B, Nobbe S, Thome M, Contassot E, French L. 993 CARD14 gain-of-function mutation alone is sufficient to drive IL-23/IL-17-mediated psoriasiform skin inflammation in vivo. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Leuthard DS, Duda A, Freiberger SN, Weiss S, Dommann I, Fenini G, Contassot E, Kramer MF, Skinner MA, Kündig TM, Heath MD, Johansen P. Microcrystalline Tyrosine and Aluminum as Adjuvants in Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy Protect from IgE-Mediated Reactivity in Mouse Models and Act Independently of Inflammasome and TLR Signaling. J Immunol 2018; 200:3151-3159. [PMID: 29592962 PMCID: PMC5911931 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only modality that can modify immune responses to allergen exposure, but therapeutic coverage is low. One strategy to improve AIT safety and efficacy is the use of new or improved adjuvants. This study investigates immune responses produced by microcrystalline tyrosine (MCT)–based vaccines as compared with conventional aluminum hydroxide (alum). Wild-type, immune-signaling–deficient, and TCR-transgenic mice were treated with different Ags (e.g., OVA and cat dander Fel d 1), plus MCT or alum as depot adjuvants. Specific Ab responses in serum were measured by ELISA, whereas cytokine secretion was measured both in culture supernatants by ELISA or by flow cytometry of spleen cells. Upon initiation of AIT in allergic mice, body temperature and further clinical signs were used as indicators for anaphylaxis. Overall, MCT and alum induced comparable B and T cell responses, which were independent of TLR signaling. Alum induced stronger IgE and IL-4 secretion than MCT. MCT and alum induced caspase-dependent IL-1β secretion in human monocytes in vitro, but inflammasome activation had no functional effect on inflammatory and Ab responses measured in vivo. In sensitized mice, AIT with MCT-adjuvanted allergens caused fewer anaphylactic reactions compared with alum-adjuvanted allergens. As depot adjuvants, MCT and alum are comparably effective in strength and mechanism of Ag-specific IgG induction and induction of T cell responses. The biocompatible and biodegradable MCT seems therefore a suitable alternative adjuvant to alum-based vaccines and AIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah S Leuthard
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Agathe Duda
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Sina Weiss
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isabella Dommann
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Fenini
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Contassot
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias F Kramer
- Bencard Allergie GmbH, 80992 Munich, Germany; and.,Allergy Therapeutics Ltd., Worthing BN14 8SA, United Kingdom
| | | | - Thomas M Kündig
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthew D Heath
- Allergy Therapeutics Ltd., Worthing BN14 8SA, United Kingdom
| | - Pål Johansen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; .,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
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23
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Contassot E, French LE. Propionibacterium acnes Strains Differentially Regulate the Fate of Th17 Responses in the Skin. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:251-253. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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24
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Fenini G, Grossi S, Gehrke S, Beer HD, Satoh TK, Contassot E, French LE. The p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Critically Regulates Human Keratinocyte Inflammasome Activation. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 138:1380-1390. [PMID: 29287762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are key intracellular signaling platforms involved in innate immune responses to micro-organisms and danger signals. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase, Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase family members are activated by numerous environmental stresses. Recently, it has been reported that Jun N-terminal kinase is involved in inflammasome activation in myeloid immune cells. To date, the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase in inflammasome activity in keratinocytes has not been investigated. Here, we show that, in primary human keratinocytes, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is required for inflammasome activation and IL-1β secretion. Using selective small molecule inhibitors, small interfering RNA gene silencing, and CRISPR/Cas9-based deletion, we demonstrate the above and identify p38α and p38δ as critical regulators of ASC oligomerization, inflammasome activation, and IL-1β secretion in keratinocytes. Furthermore, our data suggest that the nature of the mitogen-activated protein kinase regulating inflammasome activity exhibits a certain cell specificity, with p38 playing a predominant role in keratinocytes and Jun N-terminal kinase 1 in cells of myeloid origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Fenini
- Department of Dermatology, Zurich University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Serena Grossi
- Department of Dermatology, Zurich University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Gehrke
- Department of Dermatology, Zurich University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Dietmar Beer
- Department of Dermatology, Zurich University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Takashi K Satoh
- Department of Dermatology, Zurich University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Contassot
- Department of Dermatology, Zurich University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Lars E French
- Department of Dermatology, Zurich University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
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25
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Ramirez-Fort MK, Liu H, Navarro V, Meier B, Levesque M, Moy J, Vissicchio J, Contassot E, Kim S, Syed T, Zhang M, Tem V, Christos PJ, Tagawa ST, Bander NH, Lange CS, French LE. Abstract 1905: Possible cancer stem cells: Folate hydrolase-1 is expressed in a subset of Oct4-positive melanoma cells. Tumour Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-1905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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26
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Fenini G, Contassot E, French LE. Potential of IL-1, IL-18 and Inflammasome Inhibition for the Treatment of Inflammatory Skin Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:278. [PMID: 28588486 PMCID: PMC5438978 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2002, intracellular protein complexes known as the inflammasomes were discovered and were shown to have a crucial role in the sensing of intracellular pathogen- and danger-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs). Activation of the inflammasomes results in the processing and subsequent secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Several autoinflammatory disorders such as cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes and Familial Mediterranean Fever have been associated with mutations of genes encoding inflammasome components. Moreover, the importance of IL-1 has been reported for an increasing number of autoinflammatory skin diseases including but not limited to deficiency of IL-1 receptor antagonist, mevalonate kinase deficiency and PAPA syndrome. Recent findings have revealed that excessive IL-1 release induced by harmful stimuli likely contributes to the pathogenesis of common dermatological diseases such as acne vulgaris or seborrheic dermatitis. A key pathogenic feature of these diseases is IL-1β-induced neutrophil recruitment to the skin. IL-1β blockade may therefore represent a promising therapeutic approach. Several case reports and clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of IL-1 inhibition in the treatment of these skin disorders. Next to the recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) Anakinra and the soluble decoy Rilonacept, the anti-IL-1α monoclonal antibody MABp1 and anti-IL-1β Canakinumab but also Gevokizumab, LY2189102 and P2D7KK, offer valid alternatives to target IL-1. Although less thoroughly investigated, an involvement of IL-18 in the development of cutaneous inflammatory disorders is also suspected. The present review describes the role of IL-1 in diseases with skin involvement and gives an overview of the relevant studies discussing the therapeutic potential of modulating the secretion and activity of IL-1 and IL-18 in such diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Fenini
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital ZurichZurich, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Contassot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital ZurichZurich, Switzerland
| | - Lars E French
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital ZurichZurich, Switzerland
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27
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Abstract
Neutrophils constitute essential players in inflammatory responses and are the first line of defence against harmful stimuli. However, dysregulation of neutrophil homeostasis can result in excessive inflammation and subsequent tissue damage. Neutrophilic dermatoses are a spectrum of inflammatory disorders characterized by skin lesions resulting from a neutrophil-rich inflammatory infiltrate in the absence of infection. The exact molecular pathophysiology of neutrophilic dermatoses has long been poorly understood. Interestingly, neutrophil-rich cutaneous inflammation is also a cardinal feature of several autoinflammatory diseases with skin involvement, the latter being caused by aberrant innate immune responses. Overactivation of the innate immune system leading to increased production of interleukin-1 family members and 'sterile' neutrophil-rich cutaneous inflammation are features of both inherited autoinflammatory syndromes with skin involvement and an increasing number of neutrophilic dermatoses. Therefore, we propose that autoinflammation may be a cause of neutrophilic dermatoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Satoh
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Gloriastraße 31, Zurich, 8091, Switzerland
| | - M Mellett
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Gloriastraße 31, Zurich, 8091, Switzerland
| | - E Contassot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Gloriastraße 31, Zurich, 8091, Switzerland
| | - L E French
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Gloriastraße 31, Zurich, 8091, Switzerland
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28
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Spalinger MR, Kasper S, Gottier C, Lang S, Atrott K, Vavricka SR, Scharl S, Raselli T, Frey-Wagner I, Gutte PM, Grütter MG, Beer HD, Contassot E, Chan AC, Dai X, Rawlings DJ, Mair F, Becher B, Falk W, Fried M, Rogler G, Scharl M. NLRP3 tyrosine phosphorylation is controlled by protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN22. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:4388. [PMID: 27801679 DOI: 10.1172/jci90897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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29
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Huber R, Otsuka A, Meier B, Widmer D, Satoh T, Fenini G, Mangana J, Proust T, Dummer R, Contassot E, French LE. High-mobility-group-Box1 (HMGB1) promotes melanoma progression through the recruitment of M2 macrophages. J Dermatol Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.08.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Ramirez-Fort M, Meier B, Vissicchio J, Moy J, Liu H, Contassot E, Robinson B, Navarro V, Kim S, Leconet W, Nguyen D, Nwokedi E, Lange C, Tagawa S, Bander N, French L. Melanoma Induces Endothelial Folate Hydrolase-1 (FOLH1) Expression and Facilitated Internalization of Immunotheragnostic Agent, J591. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.2391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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31
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Otsuka A, Dummer R, Contassot E, French LE. M2 macrophages and innate lymphoid type 2 cells promote metastasis in malignant melanoma via IL-1β-driven thymic stromal lymphopoietin. J Dermatol Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.08.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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32
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Huber R, Meier B, Otsuka A, Fenini G, Satoh T, Gehrke S, Widmer D, Levesque MP, Mangana J, Kerl K, Gebhardt C, Fujii H, Nakashima C, Nonomura Y, Kabashima K, Dummer R, Contassot E, French LE. Tumour hypoxia promotes melanoma growth and metastasis via High Mobility Group Box-1 and M2-like macrophages. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29914. [PMID: 27426915 PMCID: PMC4947927 DOI: 10.1038/srep29914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a hallmark of cancer that is strongly associated with invasion, metastasis, resistance to therapy and poor clinical outcome. Tumour hypoxia affects immune responses and promotes the accumulation of macrophages in the tumour microenvironment. However, the signals linking tumour hypoxia to tumour-associated macrophage recruitment and tumour promotion are incompletely understood. Here we show that the damage-associated molecular pattern High-Mobility Group Box 1 protein (HMGB1) is released by melanoma tumour cells as a consequence of hypoxia and promotes M2-like tumour-associated macrophage accumulation and an IL-10 rich milieu within the tumour. Furthermore, we demonstrate that HMGB1 drives IL-10 production in M2-like macrophages by selectively signalling through the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End products (RAGE). Finally, we show that HMGB1 has an important role in murine B16 melanoma growth and metastasis, whereas in humans its serum concentration is significantly increased in metastatic melanoma. Collectively, our findings identify a mechanism by which hypoxia affects tumour growth and metastasis in melanoma and depict HMGB1 as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Huber
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Meier
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Atsushi Otsuka
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Fenini
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Takashi Satoh
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Gehrke
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Widmer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Mitchell P Levesque
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Joanna Mangana
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Kerl
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Christoffer Gebhardt
- Skin cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hiroko Fujii
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chisa Nakashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yumi Nonomura
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Reinhard Dummer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Contassot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Lars E French
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich 8091, Switzerland
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33
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Guenova E, Ignatova D, Chang YT, Contassot E, Mehra T, Saulite I, Navarini AA, Mitev V, Dummer R, Kazakov DV, French LE, Hoetzenecker W, Cozzio A. Expression of CD164 on Malignant T cells in Sézary Syndrome. Acta Derm Venereol 2016; 96:464-7. [PMID: 26524186 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-2264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sézary syndrome is a primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma characterized by pruritic erythroderma, peripheral lymphadenopathy and the presence of malignant T cells in the blood. Unequivocal detection of malignant cells in patients with Sézary syndrome is of important diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic value. However, no single Sézary syndrome specific cell surface marker has been identified. In a cohort of patients with Sézary syndrome, CD164 expression on total CD4+ lymphocytes was significantly upregulated compared with healthy controls. CD164 expression was in most cases limited to CD4+CD26- malignant T lymphocytes, unequivocally identified using flow-cytometry by the expression of a specific Vβ clone for each patient. Increased expression of CD164 may be a promising diagnostic parameter and a potential target for a CD164-linked therapeutic approach in Sézary syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuella Guenova
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastr. 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland.
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34
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Spalinger MR, Kasper S, Gottier C, Lang S, Atrott K, Vavricka SR, Scharl S, Raselli T, Frey-Wagner I, Gutte PM, Grütter MG, Beer HD, Contassot E, Chan AC, Dai X, Rawlings DJ, Mair F, Becher B, Falk W, Fried M, Rogler G, Scharl M. NLRP3 tyrosine phosphorylation is controlled by protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN22. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:1783-800. [PMID: 27043286 DOI: 10.1172/jci83669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes form as the result of the intracellular presence of danger-associated molecular patterns and mediate the release of active IL-1β, which influences a variety of inflammatory responses. Excessive inflammasome activation results in severe inflammatory conditions, but physiological IL-1β secretion is necessary for intestinal homeostasis. Here, we have described a mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome regulation by tyrosine phosphorylation of NLRP3 at Tyr861. We demonstrated that protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor 22 (PTPN22), variants in which are associated with chronic inflammatory disorders, dephosphorylates NLRP3 upon inflammasome induction, allowing efficient NLRP3 activation and subsequent IL-1β release. In murine models, PTPN22 deficiency resulted in pronounced colitis, increased NLRP3 phosphorylation, but reduced levels of mature IL-1β. Conversely, patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that carried an autoimmunity-associated PTPN22 variant had increased IL-1β levels. Together, our results identify tyrosine phosphorylation as an important regulatory mechanism for NLRP3 that prevents aberrant inflammasome activation.
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Goldinger SM, Stieger P, Meier B, Micaletto S, Contassot E, French LE, Dummer R. Cytotoxic Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions during Anti-PD-1 Therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:4023-9. [PMID: 26957557 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-2872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immunotherapy has experienced impressive progress in cancer treatment. Antibodies against PD-1 improved survival in different types of cancer including melanoma. They are generally well tolerated. However, skin toxicities including pruritus, rashes, and vitiligo are reported. Although frequent, they have not been characterized further yet. In this analysis, we aimed to systematically assess and characterize the adverse cutaneous reactions observed in patients with melanoma treated with anti-PD-1 antibodies. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Patients with melanoma were treated with anti-PD-1 antibodies within clinical trials and an early-access program. Adverse cutaneous eruptions that emerged in our melanoma patient cohort were systematically investigated and classified using histology and gene expression profiling in comparison with maculopapular drug rash, cutaneous GVHD, and the severe drug eruption toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). RESULTS Between February 2013 and September 2015, 68 patients with stage IV melanoma were treated at the University Hospital Zurich (Zurich, Switzerland); 15 patients (22%) developed cutaneous reactions and 10 (15%) vitiligo. The cutaneous reactions ranged from small erythematous papules with mild pruritus to disseminated erythematous maculopapular rashes (MPR) without signs of epidermal involvement to severe MPRs, including epidermal detachment and mucosal involvement. Although skin involvement varied from mild rash to bullous drug eruptions, gene expression profiling pathogenically classified all investigated cases as TEN-like reactions. CONCLUSIONS As predicted by the PD-1 knockout mouse, anti-PD-1 antibodies frequently cause adverse cutaneous reactions. Gene expression profiling reminds in all cases of a TEN-like pattern, suggesting that PD-1/PD-L1 interaction is required to preserve epidermal integrity during inflammatory skin reactions. Clin Cancer Res; 22(16); 4023-9. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone M Goldinger
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pascale Stieger
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Meier
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sara Micaletto
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Contassot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lars E French
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Dummer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Abstract
The bioactive form of IL-1β, a key immunoregulatory and proinflammatory cytokine, is produced by the inflammasome - a caspase-1 activating molecular platform - in response to selected danger-associated molecular patterns and pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Advances in understanding the role of IL-1β in inflammatory conditions has resulted in IL-1β becoming a therapeutic target for a number of inflammatory diseases beyond the rare monogenic autoinflammatory diseases characterized by aberrant inflammasome function and enhanced bioactive IL-1β production. In the monogenic autoinflammatory diseases known as cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes, neutralization of IL-1β results in a rapid and sustained reduction in disease severity without severe side effects, which has consequently driven off-label applications of IL-1β-targeted therapy in other inflammatory diseases. This review summarizes inflammatory diseases for which accumulating evidence suggests a therapeutic potential for IL-1β antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Satoh
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
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Kolios A, Maul J, Meier B, Kerl K, Traidl‐Hoffmann C, Hertl M, Zillikens D, Röcken M, Ring J, Facchiano A, Mondino C, Yawalkar N, Contassot E, Navarini A, French L. Canakinumab in adults with steroid‐refractory pyoderma gangrenosum. Br J Dermatol 2015; 173:1216-23. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.G.A. Kolios
- Department of Dermatology Zürich University Hospital Gloriastraße 31 8091 Zürich Switzerland
- Department of Immunology Zürich University Hospital Gloriastraße 31 8091 Zürich Switzerland
| | - J.‐T. Maul
- Department of Dermatology Zürich University Hospital Gloriastraße 31 8091 Zürich Switzerland
| | - B. Meier
- Department of Dermatology Zürich University Hospital Gloriastraße 31 8091 Zürich Switzerland
| | - K. Kerl
- Department of Dermatology Zürich University Hospital Gloriastraße 31 8091 Zürich Switzerland
| | - C. Traidl‐Hoffmann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein Technische Universität Mönchen Munich Germany
| | - M. Hertl
- Departments of Dermatology and Allergology Philipps University Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - D. Zillikens
- Department of Dermatology University of Lübeck Lübeck Germany
| | - M. Röcken
- Department of Dermatology Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany
| | - J. Ring
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein Technische Universität Mönchen Munich Germany
| | - A. Facchiano
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata IDI‐IRCCS Rome Italy
| | - C. Mondino
- Ospedale Regionale di Bellinzona e Valli Bellinzona Switzerland
| | - N. Yawalkar
- Department of Dermatology Bern University Hospital Bern Switzerland
| | - E. Contassot
- Department of Dermatology Zürich University Hospital Gloriastraße 31 8091 Zürich Switzerland
| | - A.A. Navarini
- Department of Dermatology Zürich University Hospital Gloriastraße 31 8091 Zürich Switzerland
| | - L.E. French
- Department of Dermatology Zürich University Hospital Gloriastraße 31 8091 Zürich Switzerland
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Kistowska M, Fenini G, Jankovic D, Feldmeyer L, Kerl K, Bosshard P, Contassot E, French LE. Malassezia yeasts activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in antigen-presenting cells via Syk-kinase signalling. Exp Dermatol 2015; 23:884-9. [PMID: 25267545 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Although being a normal part of the skin flora, yeasts of the genus Malassezia are associated with several common dermatologic conditions including pityriasis versicolour, seborrhoeic dermatitis (SD), folliculitis, atopic eczema/dermatitis (AE/AD) and dandruff. While Malassezia spp. are aetiological agents of pityriasis versicolour, a causal role of Malassezia spp. in AE/AD and SD remains to be established. Previous reports have shown that fungi such as Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus are able to efficiently activate the NLRP3 inflammasome leading to robust secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. To date, innate immune responses to Malassezia spp. are not well characterized. Here, we show that different Malassezia species could induce NLRP3 inflammasome activation and subsequent IL-1β secretion in human antigen-presenting cells. In contrast, keratinocytes were not able to secrete IL-1β when exposed to Malassezia spp. Moreover, we demonstrate that IL-1β secretion in antigen-presenting cells was dependent on Syk-kinase signalling. Our results identify Malassezia spp. as potential strong inducers of pro-inflammatory responses when taken up by antigen-presenting cells and identify C-type lectin receptors and the NLRP3 inflammasome as crucial actors in this process.
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Imhof L, Meier B, Frei P, Kamarachev J, Rogler G, Kolios A, Navarini AA, Contassot E, French LE. Severe Sweet's Syndrome with Elevated Cutaneous Interleukin-1β after Azathioprine Exposure: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Dermatology 2015; 230:293-8. [DOI: 10.1159/000371879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Kistowska M, Meier B, Proust T, Feldmeyer L, Cozzio A, Kuendig T, Contassot E, French LE. Propionibacterium acnes promotes Th17 and Th17/Th1 responses in acne patients. J Invest Dermatol 2014; 135:110-118. [PMID: 25010142 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2014.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Propionibacterium acnes is a Gram-positive commensal bacterium thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. Although the ability of P. acnes in the initiation of pro-inflammatory responses is well documented, little is known about adaptive immune responses to this bacterium. The observation that infiltrating immune cells consist mainly of CD4(+) T cells in the perifollicular space of early acne lesions suggests that helper T cells may be involved in immune responses caused by the intra-follicular colonization of P. acnes. A recent report showing that P. acnes can induce IL-17 production by T cells suggests that acne might be a T helper type 17 (Th17)-mediated disease. In line with this, we show in this work that, in addition to IL-17A, both Th1 and Th17 effector cytokines, transcription factors, and chemokine receptors are strongly upregulated in acne lesions. Furthermore, we found that, in addition to Th17, P. acnes can promote mixed Th17/Th1 responses by inducing the concomitant secretion of IL-17A and IFN-γ from specific CD4(+) T cells in vitro. Finally, we show that both P. acnes-specific Th17 and Th17/Th1 cells can be found in the peripheral blood of patients suffering from acne and, at lower frequencies, in healthy individuals. We therefore identified P. acnes-responding Th17/Th1 cells as, to our knowledge, a previously unreported CD4(+) subpopulation involved in inflammatory acne.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Meier
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tatiana Proust
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Feldmeyer
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Cozzio
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Kuendig
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Lars E French
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Abstract
The precise contribution of the commensal bacterium Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) in the inflammatory response associated with acne vulgaris remains controversial. In this issue Qin et al. show that P. acnes induces robust IL-1β secretion in monocytic cells by triggering the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. In vivo, the encounter of P. acnes and macrophages in the peri-follicular dermis could locally result in the release of substantial amounts of IL-1β and therefore exacerbate inflammation. Such findings suggest that molecules targeting IL-1β and/or the NLRP3 inflammasome may constitute new treatment possibilities for acne vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Contassot
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lars E French
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Gehrke S, Otsuka A, Huber R, Meier B, Kistowska M, Fenini G, Cheng P, Dummer R, Kerl K, Contassot E, French LE. Metastatic melanoma cell lines do not secrete IL-1β but promote IL-1β production from macrophages. J Dermatol Sci 2014; 74:167-9. [PMID: 24581590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2014.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Gehrke
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Atsushi Otsuka
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Roman Huber
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Meier
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Magdalena Kistowska
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Fenini
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Phil Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Dummer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Kerl
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Contassot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland.
| | - Lars E French
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
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Kistowska M, Gehrke S, Jankovic D, Kerl K, Fettelschoss A, Feldmeyer L, Fenini G, Kolios A, Navarini A, Ganceviciene R, Schauber J, Contassot E, French LE. IL-1β drives inflammatory responses to propionibacterium acnes in vitro and in vivo. J Invest Dermatol 2013; 134:677-685. [PMID: 24157462 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2013.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is potentially a severe skin disease associated with colonization of the pilo-sebaceous unit by the commensal bacterium Propionibacterium acnes and inflammation. P. acnes is considered to contribute to inflammation in acne, but the pathways involved are unclear. Here we reveal a mechanism that regulates inflammatory responses to P. acnes. We show that IL-1β mRNA and the active processed form of IL-1β are abundant in inflammatory acne lesions. Moreover, we identify P. acnes as a trigger of monocyte-macrophage NLRP3-inflammasome activation, IL-1β processing and secretion that is dependent on phagocytosis, lysosomal destabilization, reactive oxygen species, and cellular K+ efflux. In mice, inflammation induced by P. acnes is critically dependent on IL-1β and the NLRP3 inflammasome of myeloid cells. These findings show that the commensal P. acnes-by activating the inflammasome-can trigger an innate immune response in the skin, thus establishing the NLRP3-inflammasome and IL-1β as possible therapeutic targets in acne.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samuel Gehrke
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Dragana Jankovic
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Kerl
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Gabriele Fenini
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Antonios Kolios
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Ruta Ganceviciene
- Centre of Dermatovenereology, Vilnius University Hospital, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jürgen Schauber
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Lars E French
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Jankovic D, Ganesan J, Bscheider M, Stickel N, Weber FC, Guarda G, Follo M, Pfeifer D, Tardivel A, Ludigs K, Bouazzaoui A, Kerl K, Fischer JC, Haas T, Schmitt-Gräff A, Manoharan A, Müller L, Finke J, Martin SF, Gorka O, Peschel C, Ruland J, Idzko M, Duyster J, Holler E, French LE, Poeck H, Contassot E, Zeiser R. The Nlrp3 inflammasome regulates acute graft-versus-host disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 210:1899-910. [PMID: 23980097 PMCID: PMC3782050 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20130084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conditioning therapies before transplantation induce the release of uric acid, which triggers the NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β production contributing to graft-versus-host disease. The success of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is limited by acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), a severe complication accompanied by high mortality rates. Yet, the molecular mechanisms initiating this disease remain poorly defined. In this study, we show that, after conditioning therapy, intestinal commensal bacteria and the damage-associated molecular pattern uric acid contribute to Nlrp3 inflammasome–mediated IL-1β production and that gastrointestinal decontamination and uric acid depletion reduced GvHD severity. Early blockade of IL-1β or genetic deficiency of the IL-1 receptor in dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells improved survival. The Nlrp3 inflammasome components Nlrp3 and Asc, which are required for pro–IL-1β cleavage, were critical for the full manifestation of GvHD. In transplanted mice, IL-1β originated from multiple intestinal cell compartments and exerted its effects on DCs and T cells, the latter being preferentially skewed toward Th17. Compatible with these mouse data, increased levels of active caspase-1 and IL-1β were found in circulating leukocytes and intestinal GvHD lesions of patients. Thus, the identification of a crucial role for the Nlrp3 inflammasome sheds new light on the pathogenesis of GvHD and opens a potential new avenue for the targeted therapy of this severe complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Jankovic
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland
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Bhattacharya I, Drägert K, Albert V, Contassot E, Damjanovic M, Hagiwara A, Zimmerli L, Humar R, Hall MN, Battegay EJ, Haas E. Rictor in perivascular adipose tissue controls vascular function by regulating inflammatory molecule expression. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:2105-11. [PMID: 23868942 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.301001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) wraps blood vessels and modulates vasoreactivity by secretion of vasoactive molecules. Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) has been shown to control inflammation and is expressed in adipose tissue. In this study, we investigated whether adipose-specific deletion of rictor and thereby inactivation of mTORC2 in PVAT may modulate vascular function by increasing inflammation in PVAT. APPROACH AND RESULTS Rictor, an essential mTORC2 component, was deleted specifically in mouse adipose tissue (rictor(ad-/-)). Phosphorylation of mTORC2 downstream target Akt at Serine 473 was reduced in PVAT from rictor(ad-/-) mice but unaffected in aortic tissue. Ex vivo functional analysis of thoracic aortae revealed increased contractions and impaired dilation in rings with PVAT from rictor(ad-/-) mice. Adipose rictor knockout increased gene expression and protein release of interleukin-6, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, and tumor necrosis factor-α in PVAT as shown by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Bioplex analysis for the cytokines in the conditioned media, respectively. Moreover, gene and protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase was upregulated without affecting macrophage infiltration in PVAT from rictor(ad-/-) mice. Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase normalized vascular reactivity in aortic rings from rictor(ad-/-) mice with no effect in rictor(fl/fl) mice. Interestingly, in perivascular and epididymal adipose depots, high-fat diet feeding induced downregulation of rictor gene expression. CONCLUSIONS Here, we identify mTORC2 as a critical regulator of PVAT-directed protection of normal vascular tone. Modulation of mTORC2 activity in adipose tissue may be a potential therapeutic approach for inflammation-related vascular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indranil Bhattacharya
- Research Unit, Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Viard-Leveugle I, Gaide O, Jankovic D, Feldmeyer L, Kerl K, Pickard C, Roques S, Friedmann PS, Contassot E, French LE. TNF-α and IFN-γ are potential inducers of Fas-mediated keratinocyte apoptosis through activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase in toxic epidermal necrolysis. J Invest Dermatol 2012; 133:489-98. [PMID: 22992806 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2012.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a severe immune-mediated adverse cutaneous drug eruption characterized by rapid and extensive epithelial cell death in the epidermis and mucosae. The molecular events leading to this often fatal condition are only partially understood, but evidence suggests a dual mechanism implicating a "drug"-specific immune response on one side and the onset of target cell death by proapoptotic molecules including FasL on the other side. Herein, we describe a potential molecular bridge between these two events that involves inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which is highly upregulated in the skin of TEN patients. We show that activated T cells secrete high amounts of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IFN-γ, and that both cytokines lead to increased expression and activity of keratinocyte iNOS. A similar observation has been made with drug-specific T lymphocytes from a TEN patient exposed to the culprit drug. The resulting increase in nitric oxide significantly upregulates keratinocyte FasL expression, resulting in Fas- and caspase-8-mediated keratinocyte cell death. Taken together, our data suggest that T-lymphocyte activation by drugs in TEN patients may indirectly lead to FasL-mediated keratinocyte apoptosis, via a molecular bridge involving TNF-α, IFN-γ, and iNOS.
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Abstract
Interleukin 1, one of the first cytokines discovered in the 1980s, and a potent mediator of fever, pain and inflammation, is at present experiencing a revival in biology and medicine. Whereas the mechanism of activation and secretion of interleukin 1β, which critically regulates the function of this molecule, has remained mysterious for some 30 years following its discovery, the identification of a new cytoplasmic complex of proteins regulating IL-1β activation and secretion has carried our understanding of the role of IL1 in biology and disease one big step further. The inflammasomes, recently identified innate immune complexes that sense intracellular danger- (e.g. uric acid, ATP, cytoplasmic DNA) or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (e.g. muramyl dipeptide, flagellin, anthrax lethal toxin), are now known to be responsible for triggering inflammation in response to several molecular patterns, including, for example, uric acid, a danger-associated molecular pattern and trigger of gout. Dysregulation of inflammasome function is however also the cause of a family of genetic autoinflammatory diseases known as cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS) characterised by recurrent episodes of fever, urticarial-like skin lesions, systemic inflammation and arthritis. In mouse models recapitulating mutations observed in CAPS, neutrophilic inflammation of the skin is a cardinal feature, in a manner similar to several autoinflammatory diseases with skin involvement such as PAPA (pyoderma gangrenosum, acne and pyogenic arthritis) and Schnitzler's syndrome, in which IL-1β very probably plays a pathogenic role. In this article the role of the inflammasome in IL-1 biology, autoinflammation and disease is reviewed, together with new avenues for the therapy of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Contassot
- Department of Dermatology, Zurich University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
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Contassot E, Jankovic D, Schuler P, Preynat-Seauve O, Gehrke S, Kerl K, Beermann F, French LE. Carcinogen treatment in mouse selectively expressing activated N-Ras Q61K in melanocytes recapitulates metastatic cutaneous melanoma development. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2011; 25:275-8. [PMID: 22128787 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-148x.2011.00944.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of melanoma has significantly increased, and a better understanding of its pathogenesis and development of new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Here, we describe a murine model of metastatic cutaneous melanoma using C57BL/6 mice expressing a mutated human N-Ras gene under the control of a tyrosinase promoter (TyrRas). These mice were topically exposed to 7,12- dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) for brief exposure periods. Cutaneous melanoma developed at the site of exposure on average by 19 weeks of age and in 80% of mice. Importantly, as in humans, melanoma development was associated with subsequent metastasis to tumor-draining lymph nodes. Critically, such metastatic behavior is transplantable, as intradermal inoculation of melanoma cells from TyrRas-DMBA mice into non-transgenic mice led to the growth of melanoma and, again, metastasis to skin-draining lymph nodes. This metastatic melanoma model closely mimics human pathology and should be a useful tool for studying melanoma pathogenesis and developing new therapies.
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Contassot E, Preynat-Seauve O, French L, Huard B. Lymph node tumor metastases: more susceptible than primary tumors to CD8+ T-cell immune destruction. Trends Immunol 2009; 30:569-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2009.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2009] [Revised: 08/25/2009] [Accepted: 08/28/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Schuler P, Contassot E, Irla M, Hugues S, Preynat-Seauve O, Beermann F, Donda A, French LE, Huard B. Direct presentation of a melanocyte-associated antigen in peripheral lymph nodes induces cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. Cancer Res 2008; 68:8410-8. [PMID: 18922914 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-0809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Encounter of self-antigens in the periphery by mature T cells induces tolerance in the steady-state. Hence, it is not understood why the same peripheral antigens are also promiscuously expressed in the thymus to mediate central tolerance. Here, we analyzed CD8(+) T-cell tolerance to such an antigen constituted by ovalbumin under the control of the tyrosinase promoter. As expected, endogenous CD8(+) T-cell responses were altered in the periphery of transgenic mice, resulting from promiscuous expression of the self-antigen in mature medullary epithelial cells and deletion of high-affinity T cells in the thymus. In adoptive T-cell transfer experiments, we observed constitutive presentation of the self-antigen in peripheral lymph nodes. Notably, this self-antigen presentation induced persisting cytotoxic cells from high-affinity CD8(+) T-cell precursors. Lymph node resident melanoblasts expressing tyrosinase directly presented the self-antigen to CD8(+) T cells, independently of bone marrow-derived antigen-presenting cells. This peripheral priming was independent of the subcellular localization of the self-antigen, indicating that this mechanism may apply to other melanocyte-associated antigens. Hence, central tolerance by promiscuous expression of peripheral antigens is a mandatory, rather than a superfluous, mechanism to counteract the peripheral priming, at least for self-antigens that can be directly presented in lymph nodes. The peripheral priming by lymph node melanoblasts identified here may constitute an advantage for immunotherapies based on adoptive T-cell transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prisca Schuler
- Department of Dermatology, Louis Jeantet Laboratory, Skin Cancers, University Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
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