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Darabi E, Fathi S, Heidari S, Nateghpour M. Prospects of Malaria Elimination Gaps in Iran. ijph 2022; 51:466-468. [PMID: 35866115 PMCID: PMC9273496 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v51i2.8701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The article's abstract is not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enayat Darabi
- Department of Medical Parasitology & Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Fathi
- Department of Parasite Vaccine Research and Production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Soudabeh Heidari
- Department of Medical Sciences, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Mehdi Nateghpour
- Department of Medical Parasitology & Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center of Quran, Hadith and Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding Author:
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Darabi E, Kia EB, Mohebali M, Mobedi I, Zahabiun F, Zarei Z, Khodabakhsh M, Khanaliha K. Gastrointestinal Helminthic Parasites of Stray Cats ( Felis catus) in Northwest Iran. Iran J Parasitol 2021; 16:418-425. [PMID: 34630587 PMCID: PMC8476725 DOI: 10.18502/ijpa.v16i3.7095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stray cats are considered an important source of various human and animal diseases, particularly diseases of parasitic helminths. We aimed to investigate the distribution of zoonotic species of gastrointestinal helminths in stray cats in Meshkin-Shahr district in Ardabil Province in the northwest of Iran. METHODS The gastrointestinal tract of 104 stray cats from villages of Meshkin-Shahr district were provided during 2014-2015. Each gastrointestinal tract was cut into distinct sections, including esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine, and each section was examined separately for detection of helminths. Helminths were collected and then identified at the species level after clearing and staining. RESULTS Overall, 88 out of 104 cats (84.6%) were found to be infected with at least one gastrointestinal helminth. The rate of infection for each species was as follows: Toxocara mystax (syn. cati) (49%), Taenia taeniaeformis (44.2%), Joyexiella pasqualei (32.7%), Dipylidium caninum (23.1%), Rictularia cahirensis (4.8%), and Physaloptera praeputialis (4.8%). Among these parasites, only Ph. praeputialis was collected from the stomach, all other helminths were collected from the small intestine. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate a high infection rate of stray cats with zoonotic helminths. The presence of zoonotic species in stray cats, particularly T. mystax, has public health importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enayat Darabi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Eshrat Beigom Kia
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran (CREPI), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mohebali
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran (CREPI), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iraj Mobedi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Zahabiun
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zabiholla Zarei
- Meshkin-Shahr Station, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahya Khodabakhsh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Khanaliha
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Borhani M, Fathi S, Darabi E, Jalousian F, Simsek S, Ahmed H, Kesik HK, Hosseini SH, Romig T, Harandi MF, Mobedi I. Echinococcoses in Iran, Turkey, and Pakistan: Old Diseases in the New Millennium. Clin Microbiol Rev 2021; 34:e0029020. [PMID: 34076492 PMCID: PMC8262809 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00290-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Echinococcosis is considered a cosmopolitan zoonosis caused by different species of small taeniid tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus and is regarded as a neglected zoonosis. Cystic and alveolar echinococcoses are endemic diseases of Tibetan, Pamir, and Iranian plateaus. All of the countries within the Iranian plateau are affected by echinococcosis. Pakistan, Turkey, and Iran are the three most populous countries of the region, in which echinococcosis is highly endemic. The three neighboring countries share strong cultural and socioeconomic ties. The present study aimed to provide a broad review of the status of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis, summarizing the current knowledge about geographical distribution, molecular epidemiology, and transmission dynamics of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato and Echinococcus multilocularis in this region. Additionally, we aimed to understand disease burden and risk factors as basic requirements for establishing a surveillance system and planning prevention and control programs. A considerable body of information is available on different aspects of echinococcosis in this region; however, several information and research gaps need to be filled before planning control programs. None of the countries in the region have an elaborate echinococcosis control program. Effective control programs require multi/intersectoral coordination within a One Health approach with a long-term political and administrative commitment and enhanced international collaboration among the three countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Borhani
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeid Fathi
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Enayat Darabi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Jalousian
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sami Simsek
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Haroon Ahmed
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Harun Kaya Kesik
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bingol, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Seyed Hossein Hosseini
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Thomas Romig
- Parasitology Unit, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Majid Fasihi Harandi
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iraj Mobedi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Vahedi E, Ghanei M, Ghazvini A, Azadi H, Izadi M, Panahi Y, Fathi S, Salesi M, Saadat SH, Ghazale AH, Rezapour M, Mozafari A, Zand N, Parsaei MR, Ranjkesh MH, Jafari R, Movaseghi F, Darabi E. The clinical value of two combination regimens in the Management of Patients Suffering from Covid-19 pneumonia: a single centered, retrospective, observational study. Daru 2020; 28:507-516. [PMID: 32562159 PMCID: PMC7303568 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-020-00353-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is no identified pharmacological therapy for COVID-19 patients, where potential therapeutic strategies are underway to determine effective therapy under such unprecedented pandemic. Therefore, combination therapies may have the potential of alleviating the patient's outcome. This study aimed at comparing the efficacy of two different combination regimens in improving outcomes of patients infected by novel coronavirus (COVID-19). METHODS This is a single centered, retrospective, observational study of 60 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 positive inpatients (≥18 years old) at two wards of the Baqiyatallah Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Patient's data including clinical and laboratory parameters were recorded. According to the drug regimen, the patients were divided into two groups; group I who received regimen I consisting azithromycin, prednisolone, naproxen, and lopinavir/ritonavir and group II who received regimen II including meropenem, levofloxacin, vancomycin, hydroxychloroquine, and oseltamivir. RESULTS The oxygen saturation (SpO2) and temperature were positively changed in patients receiving regimen I compared to regimen II (P = 0.013 and P = 0.012, respectively). The serum level of C-reactive protein (CRP) changed positively in group I (P < 0.001). Although there was a significant difference in platelets between both groups (75.44 vs 51.62, P < 0.001), their change did not clinically differ between two groups. The findings indicated a significant difference of the average length of stay in hospitals (ALOS) between two groups, where the patients under regimen I showed a shorter ALOS (6.97 vs 9.93, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION This study revealed the beneficial effect of the short-term use of low-dose prednisolone in combination with azithromycin, naproxen and lopinavir/ritonavir (regimen I), in decreasing ALOS compared to regimen II. Since there is still lack of evidence for safety of this regimen, further investigation in our ongoing follow-up to deal with COVID-19 pneumonia is underway. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ensieh Vahedi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisoning Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ghanei
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisoning Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Ghazvini
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisoning Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Azadi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisoning Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Izadi
- Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yunes Panahi
- Faculty of pharmacy, pharmacotherapy department, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahmood Salesi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisoning Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hassan Saadat
- Behavioral sciences research center, Lifestyle institute, Baqiatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Ghazale
- Student Research committee, Baqiyatallah University of medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rezapour
- Student Research committee, Baqiyatallah University of medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Mozafari
- Department of Medical Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
| | - Nahid Zand
- Department of Internal Medicine, Qom university of medical sciences, Qom, Iran
| | | | | | - Ramezan Jafari
- Department of Radiology and Chemical Injury Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Movaseghi
- Department of Medical Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
| | - Enayat Darabi
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Koohsar F, Hajjaran H, Heidari S, Darabi E, Fathi S, Borhani M, Mesgarian F. Molecular identification of Leishmania species isolated from patients with cutaneous leishmaniosis in gonbad Kavoos, northeastern of Iran using hSP70 and ITS-based PCR-RFlP. Ann Parasitol 2020; 66:339-346. [PMID: 33128516 DOI: 10.17420/ap6603.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniosis (CL) is mainly caused by Leishmania major (rural-type) and Leishmania tropica (urban-type). CL is a major health problem in many regions of the world, and it is associated with health complications and economic loss. The identification and differentiation of Leishmania species are critical because the prevention and control methods, as well as management and therapeutic strategies, are different for each type of CL. The present study aimed to identify the parasite species responsible for CL in the study area using ITS1 and HSP70- based PCR-RFLP methods. A total of 147 stained slides were prepared from samples collected from CL patients, and these slides were positive for amastigotes of Leishmania species on microscopic examination. Forty-three Giemsastained slides with 2+ to 4+ grades were selected for molecular studies for the identification of the Leishmania species. DNA was extracted from the selected slides for the molecular studies. The amplification of HSP70 and ITS1 genes was performed by the PCR method. The PCR products were digested with the HaeIII restriction enzyme, and banding patterns of all samples were compared with reference strains. Overall, patterns of all the samples were found to correspond to the reference strains of L. major based on RFLP-PCR targeting HSP70 and ITS1 genes of the parasite, demonstrating the dominance of L. major as the causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniosis (zCL) in the study area. This area is endemic for zoonotic CL, and further studies are required to determine the reservoir and natural infection of sand flies in this county.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faramarz Koohsar
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Pour sina, Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| | - Homa Hajjaran
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Pour sina, Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| | - Soudabeh Heidari
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Pour sina, Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| | - Enayat Darabi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Pour sina, Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| | - Saeid Fathi
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Azadi, Tehran 1419963111, Iran
| | - Mehdi Borhani
- Research Center of Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Haft bagh-e alavi, Kerman, 7616913555, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mesgarian
- Leishmania Research Laboratory, Gonbad Kavus Health Center, Taleghani Shargi, Golestan, 4971715988, Iran
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Najafi A, Ghanei M, Janbabaei G, Velayati AA, Saadat SH, Jamaati H, Tabarsi P, Dastan F, Ram M, Darabi E, Fathi S, Gholami Fesharaki M, Ghazale AH, Saloo S. Real Clinical Practice and Therapeutic Management Following COVID-19 Crisis in two Hospitals in Iran: A Statistical and Conceptual View. Tanaffos 2020; 19:112-121. [PMID: 33262798 PMCID: PMC7680514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak quickly has spread and became a pandemic. However, no approved therapeutics or effective treatment is available for the treatment of these patients. The present study was done to retrospectively assess the treatment strategies (e.g., pharmaceutical care services) for COVID-19 patients in selected hospitals and highlight the importance of such services in the management of a pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from a series of COVID-19 patients (978 patients; 658 males [66.9%] and 324 females [33.1%]) admitted to the selected hospitals in Tehran from 20 February to 19 March 2020 were retrieved retrospectively from the Health Information System (HIS) of the hospitals. The statistical tests were used for analyzing the effect and correlation of the variables (drugs) with the average length of stay (ALOS) in the hospital. RESULTS Diverse medication classes and old drugs with or without strong evidence of therapeutic effects against the novel coronavirus, some previously tried as a treatment for SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, were mostly used for the treatment of patients in the hospitals. Many medications (broad-spectrum antibiotics and antivirals) or combination therapies are used without evidence of their therapeutic effects during pandemics. CONCLUSION Therefore, guidelines should be provided for the off-label use of these drugs by policymakers and stakeholders during a pandemic emergency due to high demands. Also, monitoring of the HIS data can play an important role in improving public health response to emerging diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Najafi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ghanei
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,,Correspondence to: Ghanei M, Address: Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Email address:
| | - Ghasem Janbabaei
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Velayati
- Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hassan Saadat
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Lifestyle Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Jamaati
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, NRITLD, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Tabarsi
- Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Dastan
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, NRITLD, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Ram
- Department of Biostatistics, Ferdows Paramedical School, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Enayat Darabi
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Fathi
- Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Hosein Ghazale
- Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Saloo
- Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Fathi S, Jalousian F, Hosseini SH, Najafi A, Darabi E, Koohsar F. Design and construction of a new recombinant fusion protein (2b2t+EPC1) and its assessment for serodiagnosis of cystic echinococcosis. APMIS 2018; 126:428-439. [PMID: 29696723 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The immunodiagnostic tests for cystic echinococcosis (CE) are mostly serological tests based on ELISA that use hydatid cyst antigens for primary screening because of its simple preparation and availability. The challenge to develop new serological methods (as compared to those based on the hydatid cyst fluid antigens) to meet the gold standard remains. Appropriate sources of antigenic material are necessary for application to improve the efficacy of immunodiagnostic tests at a population level. In the current study, a fusion protein containing the coding sequence of antigen B2t and two sequences of EPC1 antigen with some modifications was reconstructed. Using bioinformatics tools, these sequences were joined together by applying the sequence of a rigid α-helix-forming linker to obtain an appropriate structure of a fusion protein. Synthetic recombinant fusion protein was expressed using pET28a as a vector and evaluated by indirect ELISA test for sera from patients with hepatic CE and other parasitic infections. The sensitivity of the fusion protein was lower (88.46%) than the available ELISA kit (96.15%). However, the differences in sensitivity were not statistically significant as compared to the recombinant fusion peptide with the commercial kit (p = 0.269). The specificity of the recombinant fusion protein (95.45%) was not significantly lower than the commercial kit (96.59%; p = 1.000). Moreover, surprisingly there was no difference in the cross-reactivity values of performance between the recombinant-ELISA and commercial kit. The positive and negative predictive values of the recombinant antigen were achieved as 92% and 93.33%, respectively, while for the commercial kit, they were obtained as 94.33% and 97.70%, respectively. In conclusion, as an early evaluation of these antigens the performance of our recombinant fusion protein in ELISA is relatively promising. Although, it seemed that this peptide with specific antigenic epitopes might be more appropriate for the serological evaluation of CE by use of bioinformatics tools, our findings showed that cross-reactions and a negative reaction could occur in clinical performance. This fusion protein may have utility for diagnosis in humans, but further evaluation is needed using the WHO ultrasound classification for CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Fathi
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Jalousian
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Hosseini
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Najafi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisoning Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Enayat Darabi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faramarz Koohsar
- Paramedical Faculty, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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